Energy storage system based on battery information configuration protection parameter and control method thereof

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of energy storage systems, and provides an energy storage system based on battery information configuration protection parameters and a control method thereof, which comprises a preset protection parameter library, a logic rule library and a hierarchical coupling algorithm model library; the preset protection parameter library stores basic protection parameters corresponding to preset battery information and protection parameter correction coefficients determined based on environmental temperature and battery attenuation degree, the logic rule library stores preset matching rules between preset battery information and basic protection parameters; and the hierarchical coupling algorithm model library is configured with an algorithm for determining target protection parameters of a battery cluster through coupling operation based on basic protection parameters, protection parameter correction coefficients and preset matching rules.The application has the advantages of designing a three-layer architecture, realizing full-link algorithm support from basic protection parameter calculation, dynamic factor compensation to multi-dimensional coupling output, breaking through the limitations of traditional single-dimensional algorithms, and thus guaranteeing the accuracy of protection parameters.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of energy storage system technology, and in particular to an energy storage system and its control method based on battery information for configuring protection parameters. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of string energy storage systems, in order to meet the energy storage capacity requirements of different users, the energy storage system is usually configured with multiple battery clusters. Each battery cluster is independently equipped with a battery management system (BMS) and a converter (PCS). The BMS is responsible for monitoring the core parameters of the battery cluster such as voltage, current, and temperature, while the PCS realizes the bidirectional conversion of electrical energy between the battery cluster and the grid.

[0003] Because different products have varying energy storage requirements, the battery capacity, operating rate, number of series connections, and number of parallel connections in a battery cluster need to be flexibly adjusted according to the actual scenario. Furthermore, different projects have different requirements for battery cost, cycle life, and high / low temperature performance, resulting in differences in the type of batteries used in the battery cluster; common types include lithium iron phosphate batteries and sodium-ion batteries. Changes in battery type, operating rate, and number of series and parallel connections directly affect the overall electrical characteristics of the battery cluster. Therefore, whether adjusting battery capacity, operating rate, number of series and parallel connections, or changing battery type, it is necessary to specifically set corresponding core protection parameters such as overvoltage protection, undervoltage protection, overcurrent protection, and overtemperature protection.

[0004] Currently, the configuration of the aforementioned protection parameters in the industry's technical solutions largely relies on manual operation. Technicians must first manually query the parameter configuration table based on the battery type, capacity, operating rate, and series-parallel ratio, and then log into the control terminals of the BMS and PCS to input the parameters one by one. Therefore, the existing technology has the following drawbacks: First, the amount of manual operation is extremely large. When the energy storage system contains multiple battery clusters and simultaneously involves adjustments to the series-parallel ratio and battery type changes, parameter configuration takes a very long time, seriously affecting the factory commissioning progress of the string energy storage system. Second, manual configuration is prone to parameter input errors. If the protection parameters do not match the actual battery capacity, operating rate, series-parallel ratio, or battery type, or if the effects of environment and aging are not considered, it can lead to safety hazards such as overcharging and over-discharging of battery clusters, overheating, and even major safety accidents such as battery thermal runaway. Third, different manufacturers' BMS and PCS have protocol and logic differences, lacking dynamic adaptation capabilities. Each time the system configuration is adjusted, additional software logic adaptation is required, increasing the workload of software development and maintenance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve the above problems and provide an energy storage system and its control method based on battery information to configure protection parameters.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: An energy storage system that configures protection parameters based on battery information, the energy storage system being equipped with an energy management system, including: The energy management system is configured with a preset protection parameter library, a logic rule library, and a hierarchical coupling algorithm model library. The preset protection parameter library stores the basic protection parameters corresponding to the preset battery information and the protection parameter correction coefficients determined based on the ambient temperature and the degree of battery degradation. The logic rule library stores the preset matching rules between the preset battery information and the basic protection parameters. The hierarchical coupling algorithm model library is equipped with an algorithm that determines the target protection parameters of the battery cluster after coupling operations based on basic parameters, protection parameter correction coefficients, and preset matching rules.

[0007] Furthermore, the hierarchical coupling algorithm model library includes a basic threshold algorithm layer, a dynamic compensation algorithm layer, and a multi-factor adaptation algorithm layer; The basic threshold algorithm layer is configured to determine basic protection parameters based on basic parameters stored in a preset protection parameter library; The dynamic compensation algorithm layer is configured to match the protection parameter correction coefficient based on the collected real-time ambient temperature and battery degradation, and to correct the basic protection parameters. The multi-factor adaptation algorithm layer is configured to couple the calculation of the modified basic protection parameters and the preset matching rules to output the target protection parameters of the battery cluster.

[0008] Furthermore, it includes: a unified communication protocol module, through which the energy management system communicates with the battery management system and the inverter respectively; The target protection parameters are sequentially sent to the battery management system and the inverter for verification.

[0009] Furthermore, the battery management system and converter verify the target protection parameters based on the self-collected real-time data of the battery clusters and feed back the verification results to the energy management system.

[0010] Furthermore, when the energy storage system includes multiple battery clusters, the target protection parameters are only sent to the battery management system and inverter corresponding to any one battery cluster. Furthermore, once any battery cluster passes the verification of the target protection parameters, all other battery clusters are simultaneously issued the target protection parameters for verification.

[0011] Furthermore, the energy management system is configured to retrieve real-time monitoring data from the battery clusters to perform simulated operating condition verification, thereby re-verifying the target protection parameters that have passed the initial verification.

[0012] Furthermore, this includes: when the energy storage system is running, the energy management system collects updated data on ambient temperature and battery degradation at preset intervals, and recalculates the target protection parameters based on the updated data using a hierarchical coupling algorithm model library.

[0013] This invention also provides a control method for an energy storage system based on configuring protection parameters according to battery information, comprising: Acquire static battery information and dynamic operating information of the target battery cluster; static battery information includes at least the battery type, rated capacity, rated rate, and number of series and parallel connections; dynamic operating information includes at least the ambient temperature and battery degradation level. In response to static battery information, the basic protection parameters of the target battery cluster are calculated using a preset basic threshold algorithm. In response to dynamic operating information, the protection parameter correction coefficients corresponding to ambient temperature and battery degradation are determined from the preset parameter correction mapping. The protection parameter correction coefficient is applied to the basic protection parameters, and the target protection parameters are generated based on the preset matching rules between the static battery information and the basic protection parameters.

[0014] Furthermore, this includes: sequentially sending the target protection parameters to the battery management system and inverter corresponding to the target battery cluster; and receiving the parameter loading status and verification results returned by the battery management system or inverter.

[0015] Furthermore, this includes: retrieving real-time monitoring data of the target battery cluster to perform simulated operating condition verification, in order to re-verify the target protection parameters that have passed the verification, and completing the configuration of the protection parameters of the target battery cluster after the verification is passed.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: (1) By building a hierarchical coupling algorithm model library in the energy management system (EMS) and combining the preset ambient temperature and battery degradation correction coefficient, the protection parameters of the battery cluster can be calculated in multiple dimensions based on the preset battery information such as the number of series and parallel batteries and battery type. This avoids the problem of false protection or protection failure caused by the inability of traditional fixed thresholds to adapt to the changes in the battery's state throughout its entire life cycle. (2) A dual-layer verification mechanism is adopted. The BMS and PCS independently verify the issued parameters by combining their own parameter safety boundary rules, which effectively prevents the loading of incorrect parameters due to communication interference, algorithm abnormality or parameter transmission error, thereby ensuring the safe operation of the energy storage system. (3) Through the unified communication protocol module and standardized parameter distribution process, it supports the automatic completion of the entire system parameter configuration and verification in the order of single cluster pilot and multi-cluster batch, without the need for manual setting and verification of each device, which greatly shortens the commissioning cycle before the energy storage system is put into operation and reduces the manpower cost and operational error risk of on-site operation and maintenance. (4) The built-in dynamic compensation algorithm layer can periodically and automatically collect updated data on ambient temperature and battery degradation to recalculate and fine-tune protection parameters, enabling the system to continuously track battery aging and degradation as well as seasonal temperature changes, ensuring that the protection strategy is always in the optimal state under different service stages and environmental conditions, extending battery life and maintaining stable system performance. (5) The preset protection parameter library and logic rule library adopt a modular design, defining battery capacity, rate, and number of series and parallel connections as variable functions, and pre-setting basic parameters and correction rules for various battery types. When a new type of battery is connected or the system configuration is adjusted, only the parameter library needs to be updated to quickly adapt without reconstructing the underlying algorithm, which improves the system's versatility and subsequent upgrade and expansion capabilities. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the energy storage system provided in this embodiment; Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the steps of the energy storage system control method provided in this embodiment.

[0019] In the diagram, 01 is PCS, 02 is the first battery cluster, 03 is the second battery cluster, 04 is the control cabinet, 05 is the liquid cooling unit, and 06 is the perfluorohexanone fire cabinet. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides an energy storage system, which includes an energy management system (EMS), at least one battery cluster, a battery management system (BMS) corresponding to each battery cluster, and a converter (PCS).

[0022] This energy storage system features a containerized, integrated layout, internally divided into an equipment area and a battery area from left to right. The left-hand equipment area includes a string PCS01, a control cabinet 04, and a liquid-cooled unit 05. The right-hand main area is the battery area, consisting of two layers with a total of ten battery clusters. The upper and lower rows are designated as the first battery cluster 02 and the second battery cluster 03, respectively, with each battery cluster being an independent modular unit. A perfluorohexanone fire suppression cabinet 06 is located between the equipment area and the battery area to provide fire suppression functionality. The entire system integrates the PCS, control, cooling, fire suppression, and multi-cluster battery modules to achieve compact, standardized energy storage management and safe operation.

[0023] Meanwhile, control cabinet 04 contains the hardware carrier controller and communication module of the Energy Management System (EMS), and the environmental monitoring module and battery degradation monitoring module (not shown in the figure) are installed in the battery compartment area on the right. The EMS establishes communication connections with each BMS and PCS configured in the battery cluster, the environmental monitoring module, and the battery degradation monitoring module through the communication module.

[0024] Furthermore, the energy management system is equipped with a preset protection parameter library, a logic rule library, and a hierarchical coupling algorithm model library. The preset protection parameter library stores the basic protection parameters corresponding to the preset battery information, as well as the protection parameter correction coefficients determined based on the ambient temperature and the degree of battery degradation. The logic rule library stores the preset matching rules between the preset battery information and the basic protection parameters.

[0025] The preset protection parameter library stores basic protection parameters (such as undervoltage threshold, undercurrent threshold, etc.) corresponding to preset battery information, including different battery series / parallel ratios and battery types (such as lithium iron phosphate batteries, sodium-ion batteries, etc.), as well as parameter correction coefficients corresponding to ambient temperature and battery degradation. The logic rule library stores preset matching rules that establish multi-dimensional relationships between preset battery information such as battery series / parallel ratios, battery type, environmental factors, and aging factors, and basic protection parameters.

[0026] Preferably, the logic rule base mainly presets three major rules: multi-factor association, parameter safety boundary, and hierarchical protection coordination.

[0027] Among them, the multi-factor association rule is defined as the scope of action, coupling constraints and linkage logic between different preset battery information and basic protection parameters. It ensures that each preset battery information only acts on the protection parameters of the corresponding physical characteristics, avoids factor mismatch and excessive correction of multiple factors, and at the same time ensures the logical self-consistency between different types of protection parameters, serving as the underlying logical constraint of the parameter calculation process.

[0028] The parameter safety boundary rule sets absolute upper and lower limits that cannot be broken for all protection parameters, serving as the ultimate safety constraint for the entire system. Regardless of changes in topology configuration, environmental conditions, or aging status, the final output protection parameters must not exceed this boundary, thus eliminating the risk of protection failure from a rule-based perspective.

[0029] The hierarchical protection coordination rule is defined as the protection level, threshold gradient and action sequence between the BMS and the corresponding PCS within the battery cluster, and between the battery side and the system side, forming a hierarchical protection system to avoid protection action conflicts, reversed protection sequence or protection blind spots, and to ensure that faults are isolated step by step and responded to in an orderly manner.

[0030] The hierarchical coupling algorithm model library is configured to determine the target protection parameters of the battery cluster after coupling operations based on the basic parameters corresponding to the battery information, the correction coefficients of the protection parameters, and the preset matching rules.

[0031] The hierarchical coupling algorithm model library includes a basic threshold algorithm layer, a dynamic compensation algorithm layer, and a multi-factor adaptation algorithm layer. The basic threshold algorithm layer incorporates an algorithm based on the number of series and parallel batteries and battery type to calculate the core protection threshold. The dynamic compensation algorithm layer incorporates parameter correction algorithms based on ambient temperature and battery degradation. The multi-factor adaptation algorithm layer couples the corrected basic protection parameters with preset matching rules to output the target protection parameters for the battery cluster.

[0032] Preferably, the multi-factor adaptation algorithm layer comprises boundary verification and collaborative constraint rules. These rules are used to ensure that the final parameters meet the system's protection logic and absolute safety requirements after dynamic compensation algorithm correction, preventing parameter overflow or protection mismatch caused by the superposition of multiple factors. These include: absolute safety boundary constraint rules, hierarchical protection coordination rules, multi-parameter linkage matching rules, and inter-cluster configuration consistency rules.

[0033] Absolute safety boundary constraint rules pre-define inviolable absolute safety upper and lower limits for each type of protection parameter. Regardless of temperature or SOH corrections, the final parameter must not exceed these limits. For example, the overvoltage of a single lithium iron phosphate cell must not exceed 3.8V, and the undervoltage must not fall below 2.5V, preventing the protection threshold from deviating from the cell's safety limit due to the superposition of multiple factor corrections under extreme operating conditions. Boundary verification is enforced before the multi-factor adaptation algorithm outputs the final parameters, serving as a mandatory verification step before parameter output. Any parameter that fails the boundary verification is prohibited from being sent to the BMS or PCS.

[0034] The hierarchical protection coordination rule requires that the protection thresholds of the BMS and PCS corresponding to the same battery cluster form a gradient coordination, following the principle of priority action on the battery side and backup protection on the converter side, avoiding simultaneous action of two levels of protection or reversal of the protection sequence, and ensuring the rationality of fault isolation.

[0035] For example, the overvoltage / undervoltage threshold on the DC side of the PCS is 2%~5% higher / lower than the corresponding threshold of the BMS, ensuring that the BMS triggers protection first, with the PCS acting as a secondary backup. For current-related protection: the overcurrent threshold on the DC side of the PCS is 5%~10% higher than the corresponding threshold of the BMS, ensuring that the BMS limits current / protects first, with the PCS acting as a backup.

[0036] After generating BMS protection parameters at the multi-factor adaptation algorithm layer, it automatically calculates and generates corresponding PCS protection parameters according to rules, and verifies the rationality of the gradient. Before the parameters are issued, the threshold and timing coordination logic of the two-level protection are verified again to ensure that the two-level protection is coordinated and consistent.

[0037] The multi-parameter linkage matching rule is to ensure that different types of protection parameters are linked and adapted, to prevent the protection strategy from being unreasonable due to the independent correction of a single parameter, to ensure that the logic of multi-dimensional protection parameters is self-contained, and to avoid protection blind spots or malfunctions.

[0038] For example, when dynamically adjusting the overcurrent threshold at high temperatures, the over-temperature protection trigger threshold is adjusted down simultaneously; when dynamically adjusting the undervoltage threshold at low temperatures, the low-temperature charging current threshold is adjusted down simultaneously.

[0039] The inter-cluster configuration consistency rule is that in a multi-cluster system, the deviation of the protection parameters of battery clusters with the same battery configuration must not exceed a preset threshold; battery clusters with different configurations independently match parameters without interfering with each other, thereby ensuring the rationality of independent protection at the cluster level.

[0040] Furthermore, the EMS is equipped with a unified communication protocol module, which provides a unified communication interface for data interaction between the EMS and various modules. Both the BMS and PCS have built-in protocol parsing units and local algorithm verification units adapted to the EMS unified communication protocol module. The protocol parsing unit can parse the data information sent by the EMS, and the local algorithm verification unit can perform secondary verification of the parameters sent by the EMS to ensure that the parameters are adapted to the characteristics of the local battery cluster.

[0041] Specifically, the EMS distributes target protection parameters via a unified communication protocol module, following the order of BMS first, then PCS, and single-cluster pilot testing first, then multi-cluster batch processing. After receiving the target protection parameters, the BMS and PCS perform secondary verification using their local algorithm verification units and their own parameter security boundary rules. If verification passes, the original parameters are automatically overwritten and loading is completed; if verification fails, an exception message is sent to the EMS, and loading is refused. The EMS then regenerates the target protection parameters based on the exception message.

[0042] Afterwards, the BMS and PCS sequentially complete parameter loading and send a configuration completion signal, currently effective parameters, and local verification results back to the EMS. The EMS compares the feedback parameters with the target parameters and simultaneously retrieves real-time monitoring data for that battery cluster to perform simulated operating condition verification (such as simulating undervoltage protection response under low-temperature conditions), further verifying the adaptability and accuracy of the target protection parameters. Upon successful verification, the configuration of that battery cluster is completed, and the configuration of other battery clusters is performed simultaneously. After all battery clusters are configured, the EMS generates and archives a parameter configuration report.

[0043] The solution provided in this embodiment has a built-in local algorithm verification unit in both the BMS and PCS. It can perform secondary verification of the protection parameters issued by the EMS based on the collected real-time battery data, forming a two-layer verification system to avoid the risk of a single fault point in centralized calculation.

[0044] Meanwhile, a phased deployment strategy of first piloting a single cluster and then deploying multiple clusters in batches is adopted. After the single cluster pilot configuration is successful and the full-link verification is completed, batch deployment is then carried out. This can effectively isolate the impact of configuration anomalies and reduce the risk of failure when configuring multiple clusters at the same time.

[0045] Furthermore, during system operation, the EMS automatically collects updated data on ambient temperature and battery degradation periodically (e.g., every 24 hours), recalculates the target protection parameters through a hierarchical coupling algorithm model library, and then issues parameter fine-tuning instructions to the BMS and PCS without manual intervention, thus achieving protection parameter adaptation throughout the system's entire lifecycle.

[0046] This embodiment provides a control method for an energy storage system based on configuring protection parameters according to battery information, including: S01. Obtain static battery information and dynamic operation information of the target battery cluster; S02. In response to static battery information, the basic protection parameters of the target battery cluster are calculated and obtained through a preset basic threshold algorithm. S03. In response to dynamic operating information, determine the protection parameter correction coefficient corresponding to the ambient temperature and battery degradation degree from the preset parameter correction mapping. S04. Apply the protection parameter correction coefficient to the basic protection parameters, and generate the target protection parameters based on the preset matching rules between the static battery information and the basic protection parameters.

[0047] Specifically, static battery information includes at least the battery type, rated capacity, rated rate, and number of series and parallel connections. Dynamic operating information includes at least the ambient temperature and the degree of battery degradation. Static battery information is obtained by user input during the initial commissioning of the energy storage system, while dynamic operating parameters are measured by the environmental monitoring module and battery degradation monitoring module configured in the energy management system.

[0048] The energy management system is equipped with a preset protection parameter library, which stores parameter correction mapping relationships that determine the protection parameter correction coefficients based on ambient temperature and battery degradation. After obtaining dynamic operating information, the protection parameter correction coefficients can be obtained through the stored mapping relationships.

[0049] Before performing the above steps, the following is also included: In the EMS's preset protection logic strategy, the variable function calculation logic for battery capacity, operating rate, number of series connections, and number of parallel connections is defined, as well as the BMS basic protection parameters and PCS basic protection parameters corresponding to different battery types (lithium iron phosphate batteries, sodium-ion batteries, etc.) (such as BMS basic parameters: single cell overvoltage threshold 3.65V, undervoltage threshold 2.8V, PCS DC side basic single cell overvoltage threshold 3.7V). At the same time, the parameter correction coefficients corresponding to the ambient temperature range (-20℃~55℃) are entered (such as when the temperature is low -10℃~0℃, the undervoltage threshold of lithium iron phosphate batteries is reduced by 10%, and the overcurrent threshold is increased by 10%), and the correction coefficients corresponding to the battery degradation degree (SOH 100%~60%) (such as when SOH=80%, the overvoltage threshold is reduced by 3%, and the charge / discharge rate limit is reduced by 15%).

[0050] Meanwhile, multi-factor association logic is set in the logical rule base, and the algorithms of the basic threshold algorithm layer, dynamic compensation algorithm layer and multi-factor adaptation algorithm layer are solidified in the hierarchical coupling algorithm model library. The communication protocol adaptation between EMS and each module and the preloading of local verification algorithms of BMS and PCS are also completed.

[0051] Subsequently, after the EMS starts, it automatically triggers the self-test process of each BMS, PCS, environmental monitoring module, and battery degradation monitoring module to confirm that the communication of each module is normal and the data acquisition function is available. At the same time, it automatically collects the current ambient temperature data and the initial degradation level data (SOH value) of each battery cluster.

[0052] Users input the battery capacity, battery operating rate, number of series connections, number of parallel connections, and battery type of the target battery cluster in the EMS human-machine interface according to their actual energy storage needs.

[0053] After receiving the battery series / parallel count and battery type information, the EMS first calls the basic threshold algorithm layer, combining it with basic data from a preset protection parameter library to calculate the basic protection parameters. Next, it calls the dynamic compensation algorithm layer, importing collected ambient temperature and battery degradation data, matching the corresponding parameter mapping relationships, and dynamically correcting the basic parameters using the obtained correction coefficients. Finally, the multi-factor adaptation algorithm layer completes the coupled calculation of multi-dimensional parameters, generating the target protection parameters adapted to the BMS and PCS under this condition. Simultaneously, the logical rule library performs compliance verification on the calculation results, ensuring that the parameters are within the safe threshold range.

[0054] After obtaining the target parameters, the parameters are distributed and locally verified in batches. The EMS distributes the target protection parameters through the unified communication protocol module, following the order of BMS first, then PCS, and single-cluster pilot first, then multi-cluster batch. After receiving the parameters, the BMS and PCS perform secondary verification of the target protection parameters through their local algorithm verification units, combined with their own parameter security boundary rules. If the verification is successful, the original parameters are automatically overwritten and the loading is completed; if the verification fails, the device reports an error message to the EMS and refuses to load.

[0055] After the BMS and PCS complete parameter loading, they send a configuration completion signal, currently effective parameters, and local verification results back to the EMS. The EMS compares the feedback parameters with the target parameters and retrieves real-time monitoring data for the battery cluster to perform simulated operating condition verification (such as simulating undervoltage protection response under low temperature conditions). After confirming the parameter adaptability and accuracy, the configuration of the battery cluster is completed. After all battery clusters are configured, the EMS generates a parameter configuration report and archives it.

[0056] by Figure 1 The energy storage system shown, for example, includes 10 battery clusters (containing BMS), 10 string PCS, a control cabinet (containing EMS), and liquid cooling units and perfluorohexanone fire-fighting cabinets required to constitute the energy storage system. Furthermore, the battery type is lithium iron phosphate, deployed in cold northern regions (winter temperatures as low as -20°C), and the initial SOH value of the batteries is 100%.

[0057] First, pre-enter the parameters into the EMS preset protection parameter library, including: lithium iron phosphate battery nominal voltage 3.2V, BMS basic parameters: single cell overvoltage 3.65V, undervoltage 2.8V, and PCS DC side basic single cell overvoltage 3.7V. Simultaneously, enter the correction coefficients corresponding to -10℃, i.e., undervoltage threshold reduced by 10%, overcurrent threshold increased by 10%, and the correction coefficient corresponding to SOH 100%.

[0058] Secondly, multi-factor association rules, parameter safety boundary rules, and hierarchical protection coordination rules are defined in the EMS logic rule base. These include: Multi-factor association rules define that the total number of cells connected in series only affects individual cell voltage and total voltage protection parameters, and is unrelated to current protection parameters; ambient temperature affects voltage, current, and temperature protection parameters, but different battery types use independent correction coefficients; SOH affects voltage and current protection parameters, but the correction direction follows the aging reduction characteristic, and reverse correction is prohibited. Parameter safety boundary rules define that the corrected voltage and current protection parameters do not exceed the maximum allowable capacity boundaries of the cell and PCS. If they exceed the boundaries, the parameters are automatically truncated to the boundary values, and a parameter over-limit alarm is generated and archived. Hierarchical protection coordination rules define the protection priorities of the BMS and PCS. BMS protection takes precedence over PCS protection triggering, the PCS protection parameter threshold range is greater than that of the BMS, and the PCS protection action sequence is higher than that of the BMS.

[0059] Secondly, the algorithms for the basic threshold algorithm layer, dynamic compensation algorithm layer, and multi-factor adaptation algorithm layer are solidified in the EMS hierarchical coupling algorithm model library. These include: the basic layer voltage algorithm is calculated as: number of cell strings in the module × number of modules × individual cell voltage protection value = total cluster voltage protection value; the basic layer overcurrent algorithm is calculated as: nominal total cluster voltage × nominal capacity × rated operating rate ÷ minimum battery cluster voltage × redundancy coefficient 1.1 = overcurrent threshold; the compensation layer voltage algorithm is calculated as: corrected undervoltage threshold = basic undervoltage ÷ 1.1; the compensation layer overcurrent algorithm is calculated as: corrected overcurrent threshold = basic overcurrent × 1.1; the multi-factor adaptation algorithm layer safety boundary rule defines that the individual cell undervoltage threshold must not be lower than 2.5V; and the BMS-PCS graded protection rule states that the PCS DC side total voltage undervoltage threshold is 5% lower than the corresponding BMS threshold, and the PCS DC side overcurrent threshold is 5% higher than the corresponding BMS threshold.

[0060] During the initial commissioning of the energy storage system, the information input by the user included: the battery type was lithium iron phosphate battery, the battery capacity was 400Ah, the rated operating rate of the battery was 0.5P, the number of battery modules connected in series was 48 and the number of modules connected in parallel was 1, and each battery cluster consisted of 8 battery modules connected in series.

[0061] Subsequently, the energy storage system was transported to a cold region in the north for deployment. After the energy storage system completed its power-on self-test, the EMS collected the current real-time ambient temperature as -10℃ and the battery degradation SOH value as 100%.

[0062] At this point, the EMS first calculates the basic undervoltage value of a single battery cell as 2.8V, the total undervoltage value as 1075.2V, and the basic overcurrent value as 251.4A using the basic threshold algorithm layer. Then, the EMS dynamic compensation algorithm layer dynamically corrects the basic threshold parameters, resulting in corrected BMS single-cell undervoltage, total undervoltage, and overcurrent values ​​of 2.55V, 979.2V, and 276.6A, respectively. Subsequently, the multi-factor adaptation algorithm layer's BMS-PCS hierarchical protection rules calculate the PCS total undervoltage and overcurrent values ​​as 932.6V and 290.4A, respectively. The parameter safety boundary rules verify that the BMS single-cell undervoltage value is not lower than the lithium iron phosphate battery's lower limit voltage of 2.5V. During the parameter calculation process at each layer, the EMS logic rule library verifies the legality of the factor scope, the safety of parameter boundaries, and the synergy of hierarchical protection. Other parameters are also adapted and adjusted according to preset matching rules to generate the target protection parameters.

[0063] After obtaining the target protection parameters, the EMS first sends the parameters to battery cluster 1. Local verification by the BMS confirms that the corrected undervoltage threshold matches the low-temperature characteristics of the individual cells, thus confirming the application. Simultaneously, after completing the full-link verification for this cluster, the EMS sends the parameters in batches to the BMSs of battery clusters 2, 3, and so on. Then, the EMS sends the parameters to PCS 1. Local verification by the PCS confirms that the corrected total voltage and undervoltage threshold match the minimum allowable DC voltage, thus confirming the application. After completing the full-link verification for this cluster, the EMS sends the parameters in batches to the PCSs of battery clusters 2, 3, and so on.

[0064] Furthermore, after the energy storage system has been running for 3 months, the battery SOH drops to 98% and the ambient temperature rises to 5°C. The EMS automatically calculates new target protection parameters based on the above example and issues fine-tuning parameters (e.g., the BMS undervoltage threshold is reset to 2.67V, the BMS overcurrent threshold is restored to 263.7A, and the PCS overcurrent threshold is restored to 276.9A), without any manual intervention.

[0065] The fully automated configuration and dynamic correction strategy provided in this embodiment not only reduces manual operations but also eliminates the need for manual parameter adjustments due to environmental and aging changes, thereby lowering subsequent maintenance costs. Simultaneously, it reduces the workload of BMS and PCS software development, improving system compatibility and scalability.

[0066] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains may make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to substitute them, without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope defined by the appended claims.

[0067] It should be noted that in this invention, the use of terms such as "first," "second," and "a" is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0068] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixed" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0069] Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, but only if they are feasible for those skilled in the art. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. An energy storage system for configuring protection parameters based on battery information, wherein the energy storage system is equipped with an energy management system, characterized in that, include: The energy management system is equipped with a preset protection parameter library, a logic rule library, and a layered coupling algorithm model library; The preset protection parameter library stores basic protection parameters corresponding to preset battery information and protection parameter correction coefficients determined based on ambient temperature and battery degradation degree. The logic rule library stores preset matching rules between preset battery information and basic protection parameters. The hierarchical coupling algorithm model library is configured with an algorithm that determines the target protection parameters of the battery cluster after coupling operations based on the basic protection parameters, the protection parameter correction coefficients, and the preset matching rules.

2. The energy storage system for configuring protection parameters based on battery information according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hierarchical coupling algorithm model library includes a basic threshold algorithm layer, a dynamic compensation algorithm layer, and a multi-factor adaptation algorithm layer. The basic threshold algorithm layer is configured with an algorithm to determine basic protection parameters based on the basic parameters stored in the preset protection parameter library; The dynamic compensation algorithm layer is configured to match the protection parameter correction coefficient based on the collected real-time ambient temperature and battery degradation level, and to correct the basic protection parameters. The multi-factor adaptation algorithm layer is configured to perform coupled calculations on the modified basic protection parameters and the preset matching rules to output the target protection parameters for the battery cluster.

3. The energy storage system for configuring protection parameters based on battery information according to claim 1, characterized in that, include: A unified communication protocol module is provided, through which the energy management system communicates with the battery management system and the inverter respectively. The target protection parameters are sequentially sent to the battery management system and the converter for verification.

4. The energy storage system for configuring protection parameters based on battery information according to claim 3, characterized in that, The battery management system and the converter verify the target protection parameters based on real-time data collected from the battery clusters and feed back the verification results to the energy management system.

5. The energy storage system for configuring protection parameters based on battery information according to claim 4, characterized in that, When the energy storage system includes multiple battery clusters, the target protection parameters are sent only to the battery management system and the inverter corresponding to any one of the battery clusters. Furthermore, once any battery cluster passes the verification of the target protection parameters, all other battery clusters are simultaneously sent the target protection parameters for verification.

6. The energy storage system for configuring protection parameters based on battery information according to claim 4, characterized in that, The energy management system is configured to retrieve real-time monitoring data from the battery clusters to perform simulated operating condition verification, and to re-verify the target protection parameters that have passed the verification.

7. The energy storage system for configuring protection parameters based on battery information according to claim 1, characterized in that, include: When the energy storage system is running, the energy management system collects updated data on the ambient temperature and the degree of battery degradation at preset intervals, and recalculates the target protection parameters based on the updated data using a hierarchical coupling algorithm model library.

8. A control method for an energy storage system based on configuring protection parameters using battery information, characterized in that, include: Acquire static battery information and dynamic operating information of the target battery cluster; the static battery information includes at least the battery type, rated capacity, rated rate, and number of series and parallel connections; the dynamic operating information includes at least the ambient temperature and the degree of battery degradation. In response to the static battery information, the basic protection parameters of the target battery cluster are calculated using a preset basic threshold algorithm. In response to the dynamic operating information, a protection parameter correction coefficient corresponding to the ambient temperature and the degree of battery degradation is determined from a preset parameter correction mapping. The protection parameter correction coefficient is applied to the basic protection parameter, and the target protection parameter is generated based on the preset matching rule between the static battery information and the basic protection parameter.

9. An energy storage system for configuring protection parameters based on battery information according to claim 8, characterized in that, include: The target protection parameters are sequentially sent to the battery management system and inverter corresponding to the target battery cluster; It also receives the parameter loading status and verification results returned by the battery management system or the inverter.

10. An energy storage system for configuring protection parameters based on battery information according to claim 9, characterized in that, include: The real-time monitoring data of the target battery cluster is retrieved for simulated operating condition verification, so as to re-verify the target protection parameters that have passed the verification, and complete the configuration of the protection parameters of the target battery cluster after the verification is passed.

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