A distributed portable energy storage system and method of use thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of energy storage technology, in view of the poor deployment flexibility of the existing portable energy storage system, the poor stability of the multi-energy storage unit parallel expansion and collaborative control strategy, a kind of distributed portable energy storage system and its use method are provided, support two kinds of working modes of distributed and integrated. The system comprises a power manager and a plurality of energy storage modules, wherein the power manager is connected to a plurality of photovoltaic panels and manages the energy input from the photovoltaic panels, connects a plurality of energy storage modules and controls the charging and discharging of each energy storage module, and provides high-power AC and DC power to external power equipment. The energy storage module is a portable minimum energy storage unit that provides low-power DC power to users. A single energy storage module can independently act as a low-power power supply, or it can be quickly integrated through the power manager and act as a high-power power supply. This technology is suitable for scenarios where teams are the use unit, and both the portability and power scalability of the energy storage unit are considered.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of energy storage technology, specifically to a distributed portable energy storage system and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, with the continuous expansion of emergency power supply, field operations, temporary power supply in remote areas, and mobile microgrid application scenarios, the market has placed higher demands on the mobile deployment capability, power supply reliability, and expansion flexibility of mobile energy storage equipment.

[0003] Existing mobile energy storage power supply solutions are mainly divided into two categories: centralized high-power energy storage devices and conventional portable energy storage devices. Both have significant technical shortcomings in practical applications. Traditional centralized mobile energy storage often adopts a battery cluster architecture, which suffers from a significant bottleneck effect. When the performance of individual cells within a cluster degrades, the available capacity and output capability of the entire cluster energy storage system are limited. Furthermore, centralized mobile energy storage often uses modular or vehicle-mounted integrated structures, resulting in large and heavy equipment with poor deployment flexibility, making it impossible to achieve distributed power supply over small areas. Conventional portable energy storage units generally have low single-unit capacity and output power, lack standardized parallel interfaces and collaborative control strategies, and cannot stably connect multiple devices in parallel for capacity expansion, failing to meet the requirements for high-power continuous power supply.

[0004] Patent CN112383127A provides a portable energy storage power supply with scalable modular design and its usage method. This portable energy storage power supply includes a rainproof housing, an energy storage battery module, a foldable photovoltaic panel, and a control assembly. It offers advantages such as portability, rain resistance, low-temperature resistance, and modular scalability. Multiple portable energy storage power supply modules can be connected in parallel to increase output power. However, the integrated foldable photovoltaic panel and control assembly within the energy storage power supply module result in a relatively large module weight, making it inconvenient for a single person to carry for extended periods. Furthermore, when there are many energy storage power supply modules, the lack of an external power manager leads to numerous parallel connection cables, significantly increasing the overall system weight.

[0005] In summary, the existing technology has the following key technical problems: (1) The integration of photovoltaic MPPT, inverter and other components in the energy storage module results in excessive weight and volume of the module, affecting the carrying capacity of a single person; (2) The lack of an external power manager to coordinate the parallel charging and discharging of multiple energy storage modules results in complicated cables and chaotic control when the number of modules increases; (3) When multiple energy storage modules are directly connected in parallel, the voltage of each module is inconsistent, which can easily generate large circulating current impact, affecting system safety and battery life. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention aims to provide a distributed portable energy storage system and its usage method, addressing the problems of existing energy storage devices being heavy, inconvenient for single-person transport, and having low safety.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a distributed portable energy storage system, comprising: a power manager and at least two energy storage modules; The energy storage module includes a lithium battery, a charge / discharge switch module, a voltage sampling module, and a communication module; the charge / discharge switch module is used to control the on / off state of the charge / discharge circuit between the lithium battery and the external environment; the voltage sampling module is used to collect the bus voltage; and the communication module is used to communicate with the power manager. The power manager includes a main controller, a bus, and an energy storage module interface. The energy storage module is connected to the bus through the energy storage module interface. The main controller is configured as follows: Obtain the lithium battery voltage of each energy storage module and sort the lithium battery voltages of each energy storage module. In charging mode, the charge / discharge switch module of the energy storage module with the lowest lithium battery voltage is turned on to connect to the charging circuit; when the voltage difference between the energy storage module connected to the charging circuit and the lowest voltage among the unconnected energy storage modules is less than a preset threshold, the charge / discharge switch module of the unconnected energy storage module is turned on to connect to the charging circuit, and so on until all energy storage modules are connected to the charging circuit. In discharge mode, the charge / discharge switch module of the energy storage module with the highest lithium battery voltage is turned on to connect to the discharge circuit; when the voltage difference between the energy storage module connected to the discharge circuit and the highest voltage among the unconnected energy storage modules is less than the preset threshold, the charge / discharge switch module of the unconnected energy storage module is turned on to connect to the discharge circuit, and so on until all energy storage modules are connected to the discharge circuit.

[0008] Furthermore, the energy storage module also includes a discharge MOSFET, a charging MOSFET, and a cascaded MOSFET; the discharge MOSFET is used to control whether the energy storage module outputs power externally in distributed mode; the charging MOSFET is used to control whether the power manager charges the energy storage module; and the cascaded MOSFET is used to control whether the energy storage module discharges to the power manager.

[0009] Furthermore, the preset threshold is 2V.

[0010] Furthermore, the power manager also includes a photovoltaic interface and a photovoltaic MPPT module. The input end of the photovoltaic MPPT module is connected to the photovoltaic panel through the photovoltaic interface, and the output end is connected to the bus. It is used to perform maximum power point tracking on the energy input from the photovoltaic panel and then output it to the bus.

[0011] Furthermore, the power manager also includes an AC output interface and a DC output interface. The AC output interface is used to convert the DC power on the bus into AC power for external output, and the DC output interface is used to convert the DC power on the bus into DC power of a predetermined voltage for external output.

[0012] Furthermore, the energy storage module also includes a power supply port, which is a DC / DC power module used to convert the voltage of the lithium battery into 5V and 12V DC power for output to external electrical devices.

[0013] Furthermore, the energy storage module also includes a switch button and a power module. The switch button is used to control the connection between the lithium battery and the power module. When the switch button is pressed, the lithium battery and the power module are connected, and the energy storage module is in working state. When the switch button is not pressed and the energy storage module is connected to the power manager and the bus is energized, the power module draws power from the bus to supply power to the power control board of the energy storage module.

[0014] Furthermore, the energy storage module also includes a DI module, which is used to detect the state of the switch button; when the switch button is pressed, the DI module detects a low-level signal, the discharge switch of the energy storage module is turned on, and the power supply port is allowed to output power externally; when the switch button is not pressed, the DI module detects a high-level signal, the discharge switch of the energy storage module is turned off, and the power supply port is prohibited from outputting power externally.

[0015] Furthermore, the power manager also includes a backup battery and a backup battery charger. The input terminal of the backup battery charger is connected to the bus, and the output terminal is connected to the backup battery. It is used to convert the bus voltage to a predetermined voltage to charge the backup battery when the bus is energized. The backup battery is used to power the main controller before the power manager is connected to an external power source.

[0016] The present invention also provides a method for using a distributed portable energy storage system, comprising: A power manager and at least two energy storage modules are provided, wherein the energy storage modules are connected to the bus of the power manager via an energy storage module interface; Obtain the lithium battery voltage of each energy storage module and sort the lithium battery voltages of each energy storage module. In charging mode, the charge / discharge switch module of the energy storage module with the lowest lithium battery voltage is turned on to connect to the charging circuit; when the voltage difference between the energy storage module connected to the charging circuit and the lowest voltage among the unconnected energy storage modules is less than a preset threshold, the charge / discharge switch module of the unconnected energy storage module is turned on to connect to the charging circuit, and so on until all energy storage modules are connected to the charging circuit. In discharge mode, the charge / discharge switch module of the energy storage module with the highest lithium battery voltage is turned on to connect to the discharge circuit; when the voltage difference between the energy storage module connected to the discharge circuit and the highest voltage among the unconnected energy storage modules is less than the preset threshold, the charge / discharge switch module of the unconnected energy storage module is turned on to connect to the discharge circuit, and so on until all energy storage modules are connected to the discharge circuit.

[0017] In this invention, the power manager connects multiple photovoltaic panels and manages the energy input from them, connects multiple energy storage modules and controls the charging and discharging of each module, and provides high-power AC / DC power to external electrical devices. The energy storage module is the smallest portable energy storage unit, providing low-power DC power to the user. This invention separates the photovoltaic MPPT and high-power AC / DC output functions from the energy storage module, leaving each module with only a lithium battery pack, a power control board (including charging / discharging MOSFETs, voltage sampling, and equalization management), and a simple communication interface. This reduces the weight and size of individual energy storage modules, making them more portable.

[0018] The photovoltaic MPPT, DC voltage conversion, high-power inverter, multi-module parallel connection, backup battery and charging management are all centrally located in an external power manager. Individual energy storage modules are connected to the power manager in a plug-and-play manner through standardized power interfaces and CAN communication interfaces.

[0019] Multiple energy storage modules are connected in parallel to the DC bus inside the power manager. This topology allows the system capacity to expand linearly with the number of modules, breaking through the fixed capacity limitation of traditional centralized energy storage. A single energy storage module can act as a low-power power source independently, or it can be quickly integrated through the power manager to act as a high-power power source. This technology is suitable for scenarios where work teams are the users, taking into account both the portability and power scalability of the energy storage units. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a distributed portable energy storage system according to the present invention.

[0021] The attached diagram shows the following reference numerals: 1-Energy storage module; 101-Power control board; 102-Discharge MOSFET; 103-Charging MOSFET; 104-Cascaded MOSFET; 105-Power supply port; 106-Power manager interface; 107-Two-on, two-off metal push-button switch; 108-Lithium battery; 109-Voltage equalization module; 110-5V power module; 111-DI module; 112-24V power module; 113-Voltage sampling module; 114-CAN communication module; 2-Power manager; 201-Main controller; 202-Switch; 203-Backup battery; 204-Backup battery charger; 205-Bus; 206-Photovoltaic panel; 207-Photovoltaic interface; 208-Photovoltaic MPPT; 209-Energy storage module interface; 210-AC output interface; 211-DC output interface. Detailed Implementation To make the technical problem to be solved, the technical solution, and the beneficial effects of the present invention clearer, the specific implementation methods of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0022] The present invention provides a distributed portable energy storage system, comprising several energy storage units 1 and a power manager 2.

[0023] The energy storage module 1 internally includes a power control board 101, a discharge MOSFET 102, a charging MOSFET 103, a cascaded MOSFET 104, a power supply port 105, a power manager interface 106, a two-on, two-off metal push-button switch 107, a lithium battery 108, a voltage equalization module 109, a 5V power module 110, a DI module 111, a 24V power module 112, a voltage sampling module 113, and a CAN communication module 114.

[0024] The power manager 2 internally includes a main controller 201, a switch 202, a backup battery 203, a backup battery charger 204, a bus 205, a photovoltaic panel 206, a photovoltaic interface 207, a photovoltaic MPPT 208, an energy storage module interface 209, an AC output interface 210, and a DC output interface 211.

[0025] The functions of each part of energy storage module 1 are as follows: 1) Energy storage module 1 is the smallest energy storage unit that can be carried by a single person. Its function is to provide users with low-power DC power. Its core is lithium battery 108 and power control board 101. Energy storage module 1 contains 8 series of lithium iron phosphate batteries 108. The nominal voltage of the battery pack is 25.6V and the working voltage range is 20~29.2V.

[0026] 2) The voltage equalization module 109 in the power control board 101 is connected to each individual battery cell. Its function is to measure the voltage of each individual battery cell and perform passive equalization management on each individual battery cell.

[0027] 3) The discharge MOSFET 102 within the power control board 101 controls whether the energy storage module 1 outputs power in distributed mode. When the discharge MOSFET 102 is turned off, the lithium battery 108 is disconnected from the power supply port 105, and a single energy storage module 1 cannot supply power. When the discharge MOSFET 102 is turned on, the lithium battery 108 is connected to the power supply port 105, and a single energy storage module 1 can supply power. The power supply port 105 is a DC / DC power module that converts 20~29.2V DC power into two stable voltages, 5V and 12V, to supply low-power devices used by the user.

[0028] 4) The charging MOSFET 103 and cascaded MOSFET 104 in the power control board 101 are used to control whether the energy storage module 1 outputs power to or draws power from the power manager 2 in integrated mode. When the charging MOSFET 103 is turned on, the power manager 2 can charge the lithium battery 108 in a single energy storage module 1; when the charging MOSFET 103 is turned off, the power manager 2 cannot charge the lithium battery 108 in a single energy storage module 1. When the cascaded MOSFET 104 is turned on, the lithium battery 108 in a single energy storage module 1 can discharge to the power manager 2; when the charging MOSFET 103 is turned off, the lithium battery 108 in a single energy storage module 1 cannot discharge to the power manager 2.

[0029] 5) The CAN communication module 114 in the power control board 101 is used to communicate with the main controller 201 in the power manager 2, upload the status of a single energy storage module 1, and obtain the status of the entire integrated system.

[0030] 6) The function of voltage sampling module 113 is to obtain the bus voltage and determine whether the charging MOSFET 103 and cascaded MOSFET 104 have the conditions to be turned on based on the bus voltage and the voltage of lithium battery 108. When the voltage difference is less than 2V, the bus 205 and lithium battery 108 are allowed to be turned on.

[0031] 7) The power manager interface 106 is the interface connecting the energy storage module 1 and the power manager 2. It includes a power positive and negative interface and a CAN communication interface. The energy storage module 1 is connected to the bus in the power manager 2 through the power positive and negative interface and exchanges information with the main controller 201 through the CAN communication interface.

[0032] 8) The function of the two-on, two-off metal push-button switch 107 is to control the working state of the energy storage module 1. When the switch is pressed, the energy storage module 1 is in the working state, and the lithium battery 108 is connected to the 24V power module 112. The 24V power module 112 supplies power to the power control board 101. At this time, the energy storage module 1 works normally and can output power. When the switch is pressed, the output of the 5V power module 110 is disconnected, and the DI module 111 detects a low-level signal. When the switch is not pressed, the energy storage module 1 is in the off state, the lithium battery 108 is disconnected from the 24V power module 112, and the power manager interface 106 is connected to the 24V power module 112. If the energy storage module 1 is not connected to the power manager 2 or is connected but the bus 205 is not powered, the power control board 101 is not powered, and the energy storage module 1 cannot output power. When the switch is not pressed, if the energy storage module 1 is connected to the power manager 2 and the bus 205 is energized, the output of the 5V power module 110 forms a circuit with the 10kΩ electron, and the DI module 111 detects a high-level signal.

[0033] The functions of each part of Power Manager 2 are as follows: 1) The function of the power manager 2 is to connect multiple photovoltaic panels 206 and manage the energy input from the photovoltaic panels 206, connect multiple energy storage modules 1 and control the charging and discharging of each energy storage module 1, and provide high-power AC and DC power to external electrical equipment.

[0034] 2) The main controller 201 is the core of the power manager 2, and its function is to detect and control various energy inputs and outputs.

[0035] 3) Manual switch 202 is used to control the power supply status of main controller 201. After switch 202 is closed, backup battery 203 is connected to main controller 201, and main controller 201 is in working state, capable of normal energy management of energy storage system. The function of backup battery charger 204 is to convert 20~29.2V DC power to 30V stable DC power when bus 205 is energized, and then charge backup battery 203.

[0036] 4) The DC bus 205 is where the DC power from all parts converges. The photovoltaic panel 206 is connected to the built-in photovoltaic MPPT 208 via the photovoltaic interface 207, and outputs power to the bus 205 after maximum power point tracking. Multiple power modules 1 are connected in parallel to the bus 205 via the energy storage module interface 209, drawing power from or outputting power to the bus 205. The backup battery charger 204 draws power from the bus 205, and its AC output interface 210 and DC output interface 211 convert the 20~29.2V DC power from the bus 205 into stable 220VAC AC power and 12V DC power, respectively.

[0037] The distributed operating logic of the distributed carrying system of the present invention is as follows: 1) When the energy storage module 1 is carried by a single person, and the two-on, two-off metal button switch 107 is not pressed, the lithium battery 108 and the 24V power module 112 are disconnected, the power control board 101 is not powered, the discharge MOSFET 102 is turned off, the energy storage module 1 cannot output power to the outside, and the energy storage module 1 is in the off state.

[0038] 2) When the two-on, two-off metal push-button switch 107 is pressed, the lithium battery 108 is connected to the 24V power module 112, the power control board 101 is powered on, the discharge MOSFET 102 is turned on, and the energy storage module 1 can output power to provide 5V and 12V DC power to the electrical equipment. The energy storage module 1 is in working state. 3) When the energy storage module 1 has low power and needs to be charged, turn off switch 202 to put power manager 2 into working state, connect power manager interface 106 to energy storage module interface 209, and each energy storage module 1 reports the voltage of lithium battery 108 to main controller 201. Main controller 201 sorts the voltage of lithium battery 108 of each energy storage module 1 from low to high, with serial numbers 1#, 2#, ..., M#. When the photovoltaic panel 206 has power input, the photovoltaic MPPT 208 outputs 30V DC power. The main controller 201 controls the #1 energy storage module to turn on the charging MOSFET 103, and the power manager 2 charges the #1 energy storage module. The voltage of the #1 energy storage module gradually increases. When the voltage difference between the #1 and #2 energy storage modules is less than 2V, the main controller 201 controls the #2 energy storage module to turn on the charging MOSFET 103, and the power manager 2 charges the #1 and #2 energy storage modules simultaneously. This process continues until all M energy storage modules are charged to the upper limit voltage of 29.2V.

[0039] 4) When the energy storage module 1 is connected to the power manager 2 for charging, the high and low level signals detected by the DI module 111 are used to characterize whether the two-on, two-off metal push-button switch 107 is in the pressed state. If the DI module 111 detects a low level, it indicates that the two-on, two-off metal push-button switch 107 is in the pressed state, and the power supply board 101 is powered by the lithium battery 108 inside the energy storage module 1. At this time, the discharge MOSFET 102 is turned on, allowing the power supply port 105 to output power externally. If the DI module 111 detects a high level, it indicates that the two-on, two-off metal push-button switch 107 is in the unpressed state, and the power supply board 101 is powered by the external power manager 2. At this time, the discharge MOSFET 102 is turned off, and the power supply port 105 is not allowed to output power externally.

[0040] The integrated working logic of the distributed carrying system of the present invention is as follows: 1) Power Manager 2 is the core of the integrated working mode. After switch 202 is closed, backup battery 203 is connected to main controller 201, and power manager 2 is in working state, capable of normal energy management of the energy storage system. When bus 205 is energized, backup battery charger 204 converts 20~29.2V DC power to 30V stable DC power to charge backup battery 203. AC output interface 210 and DC output interface 211 convert the 20~29.2V DC power on bus 205 into stable 220VAC AC power and 12V DC power, respectively.

[0041] 2) In the integrated working mode, several energy storage modules 1 are connected to the power manager interface 106 through the energy storage module interface 209. Each energy storage module 1 reports the voltage of the lithium battery 108 to the main controller 201. The main controller 201 sorts the lithium battery 108 voltage of each energy storage module 1 from low to high, with serial numbers 1#, 2#, ..., M#.

[0042] 3) When there is no power input to the photovoltaic panel 206, or when the power input of the photovoltaic panel 206 is less than the power output of the AC output interface 210 and the DC output interface 211, the energy storage module 1 needs to discharge externally. The main controller 201 controls the M# energy storage module to turn on the discharge MOSFET 102, and the M# energy storage module discharges to the power manager 2. The voltage of the M# energy storage module gradually decreases. When the voltage difference between the M# energy storage module and the (M-1)# energy storage module is less than 2V, the main controller 201 controls the (M-1)# energy storage module to turn on the discharge MOSFET 102, and the power manager 2 charges the M# and (M-1)# energy storage modules at the same time. This process continues until all M energy storage modules are discharged to the lower limit voltage of 20V.

[0043] 4) When the photovoltaic panel 206 has power input and the power input is greater than the power output of the AC output interface 210 and the DC output interface 211, the power manager charges the energy storage module 1. The main controller 201 controls the 1# energy storage module to turn on the charging MOSFET 103. The power manager 2 charges the 1# energy storage module. The voltage of the 1# energy storage module gradually increases. When the voltage difference between the 1# and 2# energy storage modules is less than 2V, the main controller 201 controls the 2# energy storage module to turn on the charging MOSFET 103. The power manager 2 charges the 1# and 2# energy storage modules at the same time. This process continues until all M energy storage modules are charged to the upper limit voltage of 29.2V.

[0044] In integrated operation mode, the DI module 111 can detect whether the two-on-two-off metal push-button switch 107 is in the pressed state. When the two-on-two-off metal push-button switch 107 is in the pressed state, the discharge MOSFET is turned on, and the power supply port 105 can output power externally; when the two-on-two-off metal push-button switch 107 is not pressed, the discharge MOSFET is turned off, and the power supply port 105 cannot output power externally.

[0045] The beneficial effects of the technical solution of this invention are as follows: This invention addresses the problems of poor deployment flexibility and unstable parallel expansion and collaborative control strategies of existing portable energy storage systems. It proposes a distributed portable energy storage system that supports both distributed and integrated operating modes. The portable energy storage system of this invention includes a power manager and several energy storage modules. The power manager connects multiple photovoltaic panels and manages the energy input from them, connects multiple energy storage modules and controls the charging and discharging of each module, and provides high-power AC / DC power to external electrical devices. Each energy storage module is the smallest portable energy storage unit, providing low-power DC power to the user.

[0046] This invention separates the photovoltaic MPPT and high-power AC / DC output functions from the energy storage module, reducing the weight and size of a single energy storage module and making it more portable. A single energy storage module can independently serve as a low-power power source, or it can be quickly integrated into a high-power power source through a power manager. This technology is suitable for scenarios where work teams are the users, balancing the portability and power scalability of the energy storage unit.

[0047] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention, and common knowledge such as specific technical solutions and / or characteristics are not described in detail here. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the technical solutions of the present invention, and these should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. These modifications and improvements will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of the present invention or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A distributed portable energy storage system, comprising: A power manager, characterized in that it further includes at least two energy storage modules; The energy storage module includes a lithium battery, a charge / discharge switch module, a voltage sampling module, and a communication module; the charge / discharge switch module is used to control the on / off state of the charge / discharge circuit between the lithium battery and the external environment; the voltage sampling module is used to collect the bus voltage; and the communication module is used to communicate with the power manager. The power manager includes a main controller, a bus, and an energy storage module interface. The energy storage module is connected to the bus through the energy storage module interface. The main controller is configured as follows: Obtain the lithium battery voltage of each energy storage module and sort the lithium battery voltages of each energy storage module. In charging mode, the charge / discharge switch module of the energy storage module with the lowest lithium battery voltage is turned on to connect to the charging circuit; when the voltage difference between the energy storage module connected to the charging circuit and the lowest voltage among the unconnected energy storage modules is less than a preset threshold, the charge / discharge switch module of the unconnected energy storage module is turned on to connect to the charging circuit, and so on until all energy storage modules are connected to the charging circuit. In discharge mode, the charge / discharge switch module of the energy storage module with the highest lithium battery voltage is turned on to connect to the discharge circuit; when the voltage difference between the energy storage module connected to the discharge circuit and the highest voltage among the unconnected energy storage modules is less than the preset threshold, the charge / discharge switch module of the unconnected energy storage module is turned on to connect to the discharge circuit, and so on until all energy storage modules are connected to the discharge circuit.

2. The distributed portable energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy storage module further includes a discharge MOSFET, a charging MOSFET, and a cascaded MOSFET; the discharge MOSFET is used to control whether the energy storage module outputs power externally in distributed mode; the charging MOSFET is used to control whether the power manager charges the energy storage module; and the cascaded MOSFET is used to control whether the energy storage module discharges to the power manager.

3. The distributed portable energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preset threshold is 2V.

4. The distributed portable energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power manager also includes a photovoltaic interface and a photovoltaic MPPT module. The input end of the photovoltaic MPPT module is connected to the photovoltaic panel through the photovoltaic interface, and the output end is connected to the bus. It is used to perform maximum power point tracking on the energy input from the photovoltaic panel and then output it to the bus.

5. The distributed portable energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power manager also includes an AC output interface and a DC output interface. The AC output interface is used to convert the DC power on the bus into AC power for external output, and the DC output interface is used to convert the DC power on the bus into DC power of a predetermined voltage for external output.

6. The distributed portable energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy storage module also includes a power supply port, which is a DC / DC power module used to convert the voltage of the lithium battery into 5V and 12V DC power for output to external electrical devices.

7. The distributed portable energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy storage module also includes a switch button and a power module. The switch button is used to control the connection between the lithium battery and the power module. When the switch button is pressed, the lithium battery is connected to the power module, and the energy storage module is in working state. When the switch button is not pressed and the energy storage module is connected to the power manager and the bus is energized, the power module draws power from the bus to supply power to the power control board of the energy storage module.

8. The distributed portable energy storage system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The energy storage module also includes a DI module, which is used to detect the state of the switch button. When the switch button is pressed, the DI module detects a low-level signal, the discharge switch of the energy storage module is turned on, and the power supply port is allowed to output power. When the switch button is not pressed, the DI module detects a high-level signal, the discharge switch of the energy storage module is turned off, and the power supply port is prohibited from outputting power.

9. The distributed portable energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power manager also includes a backup battery and a backup battery charger. The input terminal of the backup battery charger is connected to the bus and the output terminal is connected to the backup battery. It is used to convert the bus voltage to a predetermined voltage to charge the backup battery when the bus is energized. The backup battery is used to power the main controller before the power manager is connected to an external power source.

10. A method of using a distributed portable energy storage system, characterized in that, include: A power manager and at least two energy storage modules are provided, wherein the energy storage modules are connected to the bus of the power manager via an energy storage module interface; Obtain the lithium battery voltage of each energy storage module and sort the lithium battery voltages of each energy storage module. In charging mode, the charge / discharge switch module of the energy storage module with the lowest lithium battery voltage is turned on to connect to the charging circuit; when the voltage difference between the energy storage module connected to the charging circuit and the lowest voltage among the unconnected energy storage modules is less than a preset threshold, the charge / discharge switch module of the unconnected energy storage module is turned on to connect to the charging circuit, and so on until all energy storage modules are connected to the charging circuit. In discharge mode, the charge / discharge switch module of the energy storage module with the highest lithium battery voltage is turned on to connect to the discharge circuit; when the voltage difference between the energy storage module connected to the discharge circuit and the highest voltage among the unconnected energy storage modules is less than the preset threshold, the charge / discharge switch module of the unconnected energy storage module is turned on to connect to the discharge circuit, and so on until all energy storage modules are connected to the discharge circuit.

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