Clustered energy storage system, electrical energy dispatching control method and cloud platform

Abstract

The application provides a cluster energy storage system, an electric energy scheduling control method and a cloud platform, relates to the technical field of cloud edge collaborative control, and the cluster energy storage system comprises: at least two energy storage devices, each energy storage device comprising a bidirectional inverter, a microgrid interconnection interface, a mains interface and a battery module, the at least two energy storage devices being configured to: establish a bidirectional energy transmission channel through the microgrid interconnection interface; and / or establish a bidirectional energy transmission channel through the mains interface in a mains interruption state; and a cloud platform configured to: receive operation data uploaded by each energy storage device, generate a scheduling instruction, and issue the scheduling instruction to the corresponding energy storage device to control the operation state of each energy storage device. In the technical scheme of the application, the energy storage device has the ability to establish a bidirectional energy transmission channel with other energy storage devices, and at least two energy storage devices in an interconnected state are collaboratively scheduled through the cloud platform, which is beneficial to improving the overall utilization efficiency of energy storage resources.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cloud-edge collaborative control technology, and more specifically, to a clustered energy storage system, a power dispatch control method, and a cloud platform. Background Technology

[0002] With the popularization of distributed photovoltaic and energy storage technologies, the application scale of household and community-side energy storage equipment continues to expand. Users' demand for flexible expansion of energy storage capacity, emergency power outage protection, and regional power collaborative dispatch is growing. Clustering and networking of multiple energy storage devices has become an important development direction for energy storage technology.

[0003] Currently, most mainstream residential energy storage systems are single-unit independent architectures. The equipment is only equipped with a mains power interface, a local load interface, and a photovoltaic access interface. A single energy storage device can only independently complete its own charging and discharging and local power supply, and cannot realize bidirectional energy transmission and capacity sharing between multiple devices. Summary of the Invention

[0004] One objective of this invention is to provide a clustered energy storage system in which the energy storage devices have the ability to establish bidirectional energy transmission channels with other energy storage devices. By using a cloud platform to coordinate and schedule at least two interconnected energy storage devices, global collaborative management and control of multiple energy storage devices can be achieved, which is beneficial to improving the overall utilization efficiency of energy storage resources.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the first aspect of the present invention provides a clustered energy storage system, comprising: at least two energy storage devices, each energy storage device including a bidirectional inverter, a microgrid interconnection interface, a mains power interface, and a battery module, wherein the microgrid interconnection interface, the mains power interface, and the battery module are all electrically connected to the bidirectional inverter, and the mains power interface is used to access the mains power through an indoor AC circuit, wherein the at least two energy storage devices are configured to: establish a bidirectional energy transmission channel through the microgrid interconnection interface; and / or establish a bidirectional energy transmission channel through the mains power interface connected to the same indoor AC circuit in the event of a mains power outage; and a cloud platform, communicatively connected to each energy storage device, the cloud platform being configured to: receive operating data uploaded by each energy storage device, generate scheduling instructions based on the operating data, and send the scheduling instructions to the corresponding energy storage devices to control the operating status of each energy storage device.

[0006] This invention aims to provide a clustered energy storage system. By setting up a microgrid interconnection interface and a mains power interface on the AC side of a bidirectional inverter, the energy storage devices have the ability to establish bidirectional energy transmission channels with other energy storage devices. Firstly, multiple energy storage devices can be directly connected via the microgrid interconnection interface to achieve interconnection and networking, suitable for community-level multi-user energy storage cluster interconnection scenarios. Secondly, in the event of a mains power outage, the existing indoor AC circuit on the user side can be used to achieve energy exchange between multiple energy storage devices within the same household (same family) via the mains power interface. This approach helps reduce the construction cost and deployment threshold of cluster networking, and can flexibly adapt to the application needs of energy storage clusters of different sizes, such as homes and communities.

[0007] Furthermore, by coordinating and scheduling at least two interconnected energy storage devices through a cloud platform, global collaborative management and control of multiple energy storage devices can be achieved, which is conducive to improving the overall utilization efficiency of energy storage resources.

[0008] In some technical solutions, optionally, scheduling instructions are generated based on operating data, including: determining the direction and power of power transmission between each energy storage device based on the operating data, and generating scheduling instructions corresponding to the direction and power of power transmission.

[0009] In this technical solution, the direction and power of power transmission between each energy storage device are determined based on the operation data of the entire cluster. This enables the directional and quantitative energy transfer from surplus energy storage units (energy storage devices with sufficient power) to energy shortage units (energy storage devices with insufficient power). This breaks the limitation of energy islands where individual units are independently dispatched, effectively improves the imbalance between local overcharging of energy storage and insufficient power supply to local loads, and helps to improve the overall power utilization rate and power supply guarantee capability of the cluster.

[0010] In some technical solutions, the energy storage device may optionally include one or a combination of the following: an AC load interface electrically connected to the bidirectional inverter, used to connect AC load devices; an AC-side photovoltaic interface electrically connected to the bidirectional inverter, used to connect photovoltaic array devices; an energy storage expansion interface electrically connected to the bidirectional inverter, used to connect energy storage expansion devices; and a DC-side photovoltaic interface electrically connected to the bidirectional inverter, used to connect distributed photovoltaic devices.

[0011] In this technical solution, by making the AC load interface, AC-side photovoltaic interface, energy storage expansion interface, and DC-side photovoltaic interface optional, it supports the selection of a single interface or any combination according to actual application needs, enabling energy storage devices with the same hardware architecture to adapt to different installation scenarios. For lightweight residential scenarios, redundant interfaces can be simplified, meeting differentiated functional requirements while avoiding unnecessary hardware cost investment, which is conducive to improving the economics of system deployment and scenario adaptability.

[0012] In some technical solutions, optionally, a first relay is provided between the bidirectional inverter and the microgrid interconnection interface, the first relay being used to control the on / off state of the circuit between the bidirectional inverter and the microgrid interconnection interface; a second relay is provided between the bidirectional inverter and the mains interface, the second relay being used to control the on / off state of the circuit between the bidirectional inverter and the mains interface; if the energy storage device includes an AC load interface, a third relay is provided between the bidirectional inverter and the AC load interface, the third relay being used to control the on / off state of the circuit between the bidirectional inverter and the AC load interface; if the energy storage device includes an AC-side photovoltaic interface, a fourth relay is provided between the bidirectional inverter and the AC-side photovoltaic interface, the fourth relay being used to control the on / off state of the circuit between the bidirectional inverter and the AC-side photovoltaic interface; if the energy storage device includes a DC-side photovoltaic interface, a fifth relay is provided between the bidirectional inverter and the DC-side photovoltaic interface, the fifth relay being used to control the on / off state of the circuit between the bidirectional inverter and the DC-side photovoltaic interface.

[0013] In this technical solution, by setting independent relays between the bidirectional inverter and each interface, the electrical connection status of the microgrid interconnection interface, mains interface, AC load interface, AC side photovoltaic interface, DC side photovoltaic interface and bidirectional inverter can be controlled separately, and the on / off actions of each branch do not interfere with each other.

[0014] In some technical solutions, the operating data may optionally include one or a combination of the following: the current charge value of the battery module, the total power generation of the photovoltaic array device, the total power generation of the distributed photovoltaic device, the total power consumption of the AC load device, the mains power connection status, the on / off status of the first relay, the on / off status of the second relay, the on / off status of the third relay, the on / off status of the fourth relay, and the on / off status of the fifth relay; the dispatching instructions may include one or a combination of the following: the charging and discharging power instructions for the bidirectional inverters of each energy storage device, the on / off instructions for the first relay of each energy storage device, the on / off instructions for the second relay of each energy storage device, the on / off instructions for the third relay of each energy storage device, the on / off instructions for the fourth relay of each energy storage device, and the on / off instructions for the fifth relay of each energy storage device.

[0015] In this technical solution, the operational data covers multiple types of data, ensuring data collection from multiple dimensions, which helps improve the accuracy and rationality of power dispatch results. Furthermore, the dispatch instructions include control commands from multiple dimensions to ensure rapid switching of operating modes, thus improving the response speed and operational stability during condition changes.

[0016] In some technical solutions, optionally, in the event of a mains power outage, the cloud platform is configured to: determine the direction and power transmission between energy storage devices based on the current charge value of the battery modules in each energy storage device, the total power generation of the photovoltaic array device, the total power generation of the distributed photovoltaic device, and the total power consumption of the corresponding AC load devices, and generate scheduling instructions corresponding to the direction and power transmission.

[0017] In this technical solution, under off-grid operation scenarios where mains power is interrupted, the cloud platform uses the battery charge status (current charge value of battery modules) of each energy storage device in the entire cluster, the total power generation of multiple types of photovoltaic devices, and the total power consumption of AC load devices as the complete decision-making basis. It coordinates the power allocation globally, accurately identifies energy surplus units (energy storage devices with sufficient power) and energy shortage units (energy storage devices with insufficient power), and delivers energy in a targeted manner. This avoids the load power outage caused by insufficient capacity of a single energy storage device, and maximizes the continuous power supply capability to AC load devices in off-grid conditions.

[0018] In some technical solutions, the cloud platform is optionally configured to: statistically analyze the power generation, power consumption, and power transfer of each energy storage device; and generate electricity settlement data based on the statistical results.

[0019] In this technical solution, under the working conditions of community off-grid and multi-household interconnection, the power output (power generation), consumption (power consumption) and interaction (power transfer) of each user can be accurately quantified, providing objective data support for power allocation and interactive settlement within the cluster, and ensuring the fairness and feasibility of multi-entity collaborative operation.

[0020] In some technical solutions, optionally, the cloud platform is used to communicate with the mobile terminal; the cloud platform is also configured to receive control commands from the mobile terminal and adjust scheduling commands according to the control commands.

[0021] In this technical solution, a communication connection is established between the cloud platform and the mobile terminal, allowing users to remotely issue control commands to the cloud platform via their mobile terminals without having to be physically present on-site. This improves the convenience of user operation and system maintenance.

[0022] In some technical solutions, the energy storage device may optionally include a controller, which is electrically connected to the bidirectional inverter and communicatively connected to the cloud platform. The controller is configured to: collect the operating data of the energy storage device and upload it to the cloud platform; receive scheduling instructions issued by the cloud platform and control the operating status of the energy storage device according to the scheduling instructions.

[0023] In this technical solution, at least two interconnected energy storage devices can be coordinated and scheduled through a cloud platform, which can realize global coordinated management and control of multiple energy storage devices and help improve the overall utilization efficiency of energy storage resources.

[0024] The second aspect of the present invention provides a power dispatch control method, which is applied to a clustered energy storage system of any of the technical solutions in the first aspect. The power dispatch control method includes: receiving operating data uploaded by each energy storage device in the clustered energy storage system; generating dispatch instructions based on the operating data; and sending the dispatch instructions to the corresponding energy storage devices to control the operating status of each energy storage device.

[0025] The power dispatch and control method has the beneficial effects of any of the above-mentioned technical solutions, and will not be elaborated further here.

[0026] In some technical solutions, optionally, scheduling instructions are generated based on operating data, including: determining the direction and power of power transmission between each energy storage device based on the operating data, and generating scheduling instructions corresponding to the direction and power of power transmission.

[0027] In this technical solution, the direction and power of power transmission between each energy storage device are determined based on the operation data of the entire cluster. This enables the directional and quantitative energy transfer from surplus energy storage units (energy storage devices with sufficient power) to energy shortage units (energy storage devices with insufficient power). This breaks the limitation of energy islands where individual units are independently dispatched, effectively improves the imbalance between local overcharging of energy storage and insufficient power supply to local loads, and helps to improve the overall power utilization rate and power supply guarantee capability of the cluster.

[0028] A third aspect of the present invention provides a cloud platform, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a program or instructions that can be run on the processor, and the processor executes the program or instructions to implement the steps of the power dispatch control method of any of the technical solutions in the second aspect.

[0029] The cloud platform has the beneficial effects of any of the above technical solutions, which will not be elaborated here.

[0030] Additional aspects and advantages of the technical solutions of the present invention will become apparent in the following description or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 A structural block diagram of a clustered energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0032] Figure 2 A structural block diagram of a clustered energy storage system according to another embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0033] Figure 3 A structural block diagram of a clustered energy storage system according to another embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0034] Figure 4 A structural block diagram of a clustered energy storage system according to another embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0035] Figure 5 A structural block diagram of a clustered energy storage system according to another embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0036] Figure 6 A structural block diagram of a clustered energy storage system according to another embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0037] Figure 7 A flowchart of a power dispatch control method according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0038] Figure 8 It shows Figure 7 The detailed flowchart of S504 in China;

[0039] Figure 9 A flowchart of a power dispatch control method according to another embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0040] Figure 10 A flowchart of a power dispatch control method according to another embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0041] Figure 11 A structural block diagram of a cloud platform according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0042] The attached figures are labeled as follows:

[0043] 100: Cloud platform; 110: Memory; 120: Processor; 200: Energy storage device; 210: Bidirectional inverter; 221: Microgrid interconnection interface; 222: Mains interface; 223: AC load interface; 224: AC-side photovoltaic interface; 226: Energy storage expansion interface; 227: DC-side photovoltaic interface; 231: First relay; 232: Second relay; 233: Third relay; 234: Fourth relay; 235: Fifth relay; 300: Cluster energy storage system; 310: Battery module; 320: Energy storage expansion device; 330: Controller; 410: Indoor AC circuit; 420: Mains power; 430: AC load device; 440: Photovoltaic array device; 450: Distributed photovoltaic device; 460: Mobile terminal; 470: Transformer; 480: Inverter device. Detailed Implementation

[0044] To better understand the above-described objectives, features, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments of the present invention and the features thereof can be combined with each other.

[0045] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, embodiments of the invention may be implemented in other ways, and therefore the scope of protection of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0046] With the popularization of distributed photovoltaic and energy storage technologies, the application scale of household and community-side energy storage equipment continues to expand. Users' demand for flexible expansion of energy storage capacity, emergency power outage protection, and regional power coordinated dispatch is growing. Clustering and networking of multiple energy storage devices has become an important development direction for energy storage technology.

[0047] Currently, most mainstream residential energy storage systems are single-unit independent architectures. The equipment is only equipped with a mains power interface, a local load interface, and a photovoltaic access interface. A single energy storage device can only independently complete its own charging and discharging and local power supply, and cannot realize bidirectional energy transmission and capacity sharing between multiple devices.

[0048] This invention aims to provide a clustered energy storage system, a power dispatch and control method, and a cloud platform. By setting up a microgrid interconnection interface and a mains power interface on the AC side of a bidirectional inverter, the energy storage devices have the ability to establish bidirectional energy transmission channels with other energy storage devices. Firstly, multiple energy storage devices can be directly connected via the microgrid interconnection interface to achieve interconnection and networking, suitable for community-level multi-user energy storage cluster interconnection scenarios. Secondly, even in the event of a mains power outage, the existing indoor AC circuit on the user side can be used to achieve energy interaction between multiple energy storage devices within the same household (same family) via the mains power interface. This approach helps reduce the construction cost and deployment threshold of cluster networking, and can flexibly adapt to the application needs of energy storage clusters of different sizes, such as homes and communities.

[0049] Furthermore, by coordinating and scheduling at least two interconnected energy storage devices through a cloud platform, global collaborative management and control of multiple energy storage devices can be achieved, which is conducive to improving the overall utilization efficiency of energy storage resources.

[0050] It should be noted that "direct connection" here refers to the electrical connection between the two microgrid interconnection interfaces via cables. "Existing indoor AC circuits on the user side" refers to existing or pre-installed indoor AC circuits.

[0051] In residential energy storage systems using related technologies, the control layer adopts a fully local embedded control architecture, with scheduling logic embedded in the device's local motherboard. The limitations of this approach are: limited control capabilities, reliance on insufficient computing power of the local controller, inability to deploy a global optimization model, single-machine management only, and lack of cloud-based cluster monitoring and remote command issuance capabilities.

[0052] In the technical solution of this invention, a hierarchical collaborative control architecture of cloud platform and energy storage device is adopted, and the global scheduling model is deployed on the cloud (cloud platform) with abundant computing power, thus getting rid of the computing power constraints of local embedded controllers. The cloud can deploy complex global optimization algorithms with multiple dimensions and constraints. Compared with the simple scheduling logic fixed on the local motherboard in related technologies, it can achieve more refined and reasonable cluster power allocation, and significantly improve the scheduling optimization level of energy storage system.

[0053] The cloud platform uniformly receives the operating data of each energy storage device in the entire cluster, enabling global collaborative management and control of multiple energy storage devices. Compared with the mode of independent management and control of only a single machine in related technologies, it can effectively coordinate the energy flow and load distribution between multiple energy storage devices, which is conducive to improving the overall energy utilization efficiency of the cluster.

[0054] In related technologies, the collaborative scheduling schemes for multiple energy storage devices do not perform global power flow balancing for the SOC (State of Charge), photovoltaic output, and household load of each energy storage device in the entire cluster, making it difficult to meet the application needs of energy storage clusters of different sizes, such as homes and communities.

[0055] In the technical solution of this invention, under the off-grid operation scenario of mains power interruption, the cloud platform uses the battery charge status (current charge value of battery modules) of each energy storage device in the entire cluster, the total power generation of multiple types of photovoltaic devices, and the total power consumption of AC load devices as the complete decision-making basis, and coordinates the power allocation globally. It accurately identifies energy surplus units (energy storage devices with sufficient power) and energy shortage units (energy storage devices with insufficient power) and delivers energy in a targeted manner, so as to avoid the load power outage of a single energy storage device due to insufficient capacity, and maximize the continuous power supply capability to AC load devices in the off-grid state.

[0056] The advantages of the technical solution of the present invention are as follows:

[0057] Firstly, at the hardware level: the interface architecture of the energy storage equipment is restructured, with fully modular optional interfaces set on both the AC and DC sides of the bidirectional inverter. The AC side integrates standardized microgrid interconnection interfaces, mains interfaces, and AC load interfaces, while the DC side integrates battery interfaces, energy storage expansion interfaces, and photovoltaic interfaces. All interfaces can be customized and configured as needed. Furthermore, the clustered energy storage system supports community-level interconnection of multiple energy storage units via microgrid interconnection interfaces, and also enables indoor distributed networking via household AC outlets. This addresses the shortcomings of traditional technologies, such as closed hardware architecture, limited networking methods, poor interface scalability, and inflexibility in adapting to home and community networking.

[0058] It should be noted that the mains power interface of the energy storage device is connected to the indoor AC circuit through a household AC (Alternating Current) socket, and is connected to the mains power through the indoor AC circuit. In the event of a mains power outage, at least two energy storage devices establish a bidirectional energy transfer channel through the mains power interface connected to the same indoor AC circuit.

[0059] Secondly, at the control level: a cloud-edge collaborative architecture is adopted, combining a local motherboard (the controller of the energy storage device) with a cloud platform, abandoning the locally fixed control mode of traditional technologies. The local motherboard is only responsible for the acquisition and execution of underlying data of the device, uploading battery status, photovoltaic output, relay status, and power flow data in real time; the cloud platform deploys an iterative global control model, relying on the surplus computing power of the cloud to realize full cluster data monitoring, strategy calculation, and remote command issuance. At the same time, an interaction channel is established between the cloud platform and the APP (Application) in the mobile terminal, solving the technical problems of limited computing power of the local controller, inability to manage clusters, and lack of remote intelligent control capabilities.

[0060] Third, operating condition configuration: The system has four standardized operating modes preset: full grid connection, community off-grid, home network connection, and mixed grid connection and off-grid. It can switch according to the power supply status and networking needs, replacing the traditional technology that only supports single-unit grid connection or off-grid operation. It is suitable for all application scenarios such as daily grid connection, power outage emergency, indoor networking, and partial power outage.

[0061] Fourth, at the scheduling level: The cloud platform aggregates the SOC (State of Charge), photovoltaic output, and household load data of each energy storage device in the entire cluster in real time. With the goals of full photovoltaic consumption, balanced battery operation and maintenance, and stable microgrid operation, it dynamically allocates the charging and discharging power of each energy storage unit and the power flow of the cluster. At the same time, it integrates the microgrid household power flow metering function to effectively suppress problems such as curtailment of solar power, overcharging or over-discharging of batteries, and microgrid load imbalance, and realize balanced scheduling in home and community scenarios.

[0062] The following reference Figures 1 to 11 This invention describes a clustered energy storage system, a power dispatch control method, and a cloud platform provided according to some embodiments of the present invention.

[0063] In one embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, the cluster energy storage system 300 includes at least two energy storage devices 200 and a cloud platform 100.

[0064] Each energy storage device 200 includes a bidirectional inverter 210, a microgrid interconnect interface 221, a mains power interface 222, and a battery module 310. The microgrid interconnect interface 221, the mains power interface 222, and the battery module 310 are all electrically connected to the bidirectional inverter 210. The mains power interface 222 is used to connect to the mains power 420 through the indoor AC circuit 410.

[0065] Among them, at least two energy storage devices 200 are configured to: establish a bidirectional energy transmission channel through a microgrid interconnection interface 221; and / or establish a bidirectional energy transmission channel through a mains power interface 222 connected to the same indoor AC circuit 410 when the mains power 420 is interrupted.

[0066] The cloud platform 100 is communicatively connected to each energy storage device 200. The cloud platform 100 is configured to: receive operating data uploaded by each energy storage device 200, generate scheduling instructions based on the operating data, and send the scheduling instructions to the corresponding energy storage device 200 to control the operating status of each energy storage device 200.

[0067] Optionally, at least two energy storage devices 200 can be networked in two ways.

[0068] The first networking method is direct networking via microgrid interconnection interface 221. Multiple energy storage devices 200 directly connect through their respective microgrid interconnection interfaces 221, establishing a bidirectional energy transmission channel and forming a multi-node energy interconnection network. This method is suitable for large-scale energy storage cluster interconnection scenarios across communities, enabling energy sharing and coordinated power supply among energy storage devices 200 in different households.

[0069] The second networking method involves reusing the mains power interface 222. In the event of a mains power outage 420, multiple energy storage devices 200 connected to the same indoor AC circuit 410 can establish a bidirectional energy transmission channel through their respective mains power interfaces 222. This method utilizes existing indoor power distribution circuits (indoor AC circuit 410) and eliminates the need for additional dedicated networking cables, enabling distributed networking of multiple energy storage devices 200 within a single household. This method is suitable for small-scale energy storage clusters within households.

[0070] Optionally, the cloud platform 100 can dynamically adjust the charging and discharging power and energy transmission direction of each energy storage device 200 according to the power supply status of the mains power 420, the remaining battery capacity (current charge value) of each energy storage device 200 in the cluster, and the load distribution, so as to achieve optimized power allocation of each energy storage device 200 in the cluster.

[0071] This invention aims to provide a clustered energy storage system 300. By setting a microgrid interconnection interface 221 and a mains interface 222 on the AC side of a bidirectional inverter 210, the energy storage device 200 has the ability to establish a bidirectional energy transmission channel with other energy storage devices 200. Firstly, it can directly connect via the microgrid interconnection interface 221 to achieve interconnection and networking of multiple energy storage devices 200, suitable for community-level multi-user energy storage cluster interconnection scenarios. Secondly, even in the event of a mains power outage, it can utilize the existing indoor AC circuit 410 on the user side to achieve energy interaction among multiple energy storage devices 200 within the same household (same family) via the mains interface 222. This approach helps reduce the construction cost and deployment threshold of clustered networking and can flexibly adapt to the application needs of energy storage clusters of different sizes, such as homes and communities.

[0072] In addition, by coordinating and scheduling at least two interconnected energy storage devices 200 through the cloud platform 100, global collaborative management and control of multiple energy storage devices 200 can be achieved, which is conducive to improving the overall utilization efficiency of energy storage resources.

[0073] It should be noted that, in Figure 1 In this context, “…” indicates that not all devices or apparatuses are listed exhaustively.

[0074] In some embodiments, the cluster energy storage system 300 may optionally consist of several energy storage devices 200. All energy storage devices 200 adopt a completely unified hardware architecture and standardized interconnection interface (microgrid interconnection interface 221), meeting the design requirements of flexible networking and customizable interfaces.

[0075] Optionally, the bidirectional inverter 210 serves as an energy conversion and interface hub, including AC-side port groups and DC-side port groups. All ports or interfaces are optional configurations and can be flexibly set according to actual needs.

[0076] The bidirectional inverter 210's AC-side port group includes one or a combination of the following: a high-voltage photovoltaic access interface (AC-side photovoltaic interface 224), a mains interface 222, a local load interface (AC load interface 223), and a microgrid interconnection interface 221. The microgrid interconnection interface 221 is a dedicated physical channel for system-level energy interaction, which can be directly connected to the microgrid interconnection interface 221 of another energy storage system via power cables, enabling bidirectional energy transfer between the two energy storage devices 200. The high-voltage photovoltaic access interface is used to connect to a centralized high-voltage photovoltaic array (photovoltaic array device 440); the mains interface 222 is used to connect to the power grid; and the local load interface is used to connect to AC load devices 430. For different application requirements, a single energy storage device 200 can omit the high-voltage photovoltaic access interface and redundant microgrid interconnection interfaces 221, retaining only the essential ports to adapt to lightweight installation scenarios.

[0077] The DC-side port group of the bidirectional inverter 210 includes one or a combination of the following: a battery interface, a power pack expansion interface (energy storage expansion interface 226), and a low-voltage photovoltaic access interface (DC-side photovoltaic interface 227). The battery interface is the access port for the basic energy storage unit (battery module 310); the power pack expansion interface is a modular expansion port that can be connected to an external expansion battery pack to increase energy storage capacity; the low-voltage photovoltaic access interface is used to connect residential distributed low-voltage photovoltaic modules (distributed photovoltaic device 450). These interfaces can also be removed or added as needed. For energy storage devices 200 without expansion requirements, the power pack expansion interface can be removed; for scenarios without low-voltage photovoltaic installations, the corresponding interface can be blocked without affecting the basic operation of the equipment and its cluster interconnection function.

[0078] In some embodiments, the cluster energy storage system 300 may optionally adopt a cloud-edge collaborative communication control system, which is divided into a device layer, an edge layer, a cloud layer, and a user layer.

[0079] The equipment layer comprises the internal sensing and execution units of the energy storage device 200, specifically including relay modules, battery modules (battery module 310), photovoltaic data acquisition units, and power flow acquisition units. Each unit collects its own operating status in real time (relay on / off status, battery operating parameters, photovoltaic power generation information, and system AC / DC power flow information), and uploads all raw data to the local motherboard of the edge layer (controller 330 of the energy storage device 200) via a local internal bus.

[0080] The edge layer is the local motherboard (controller 330 of energy storage device 200), which is the data aggregation and execution center of a single energy storage device 200. The local motherboard receives all status information from the device layer, completes local data cleaning, classification and organization, removes invalid data, and then uploads key system operation information to the cloud platform 100 through a remote communication link; at the same time, the local motherboard receives downlink commands from the cloud (cloud platform 100) in real time, providing control signal input to the energy storage device 200.

[0081] The cloud layer is the cloud platform 100, which deploys a global data processing and control model. The cloud platform 100 receives cluster data uploaded by all energy storage motherboards (controllers 330), and completes the aggregation, analysis, calculation and storage of information across the entire domain. The cloud platform 100 supports bidirectional interaction with the mobile terminal 460, pushing device operation data, network status and energy consumption information to the APP (Application), while also receiving manual configuration commands issued by users in the APP.

[0082] The user layer is the 460 mobile terminal, which provides a visual human-computer interaction interface. It is only used for parameter configuration, status viewing and mode selection, and has no direct control permissions at the underlying level.

[0083] The cluster energy storage system 300 forms a closed-loop working logic: equipment information collection → mainboard aggregation → cloud processing → APP interaction → cloud command issuance → mainboard execution → equipment action. The entire process achieves zero-delay status upload and traceable command issuance, distinguishing the hierarchical boundaries between local perception and cloud decision-making.

[0084] In some embodiments, optionally, such as Figure 2 As shown, the controller 330 of each energy storage device 200 is communicatively connected to the cloud platform 100, and the cloud platform 100 is communicatively connected to the mobile terminal 460.

[0085] The controller 330 is used to collect relay status, power flow information, battery information, and photovoltaic information. Among them, "relay status" refers to the on / off status of each relay, such as: the on / off status of the first relay 231 between the bidirectional inverter 210 and the microgrid interconnection interface 221, the on / off status of the second relay 232 between the bidirectional inverter 210 and the mains interface 222, the on / off status of the third relay 233 between the bidirectional inverter 210 and the AC load interface 223, the on / off status of the fourth relay 234 between the bidirectional inverter 210 and the AC side photovoltaic interface 224, and the on / off status of the fifth relay 235 between the bidirectional inverter 210 and the DC side photovoltaic interface 227.

[0086] "Power flow information" refers to the direction of power transmission. "Battery information" refers to the current charge value of battery module 310. "Photovoltaic information" refers to the connection status of photovoltaic devices (including photovoltaic array device 440 and / or distributed photovoltaic device 450) and their total power generation.

[0087] In some embodiments, the cluster energy storage system 300 optionally has four operating modes. The four operating modes are fully grid-connected mode, community off-grid mode, home grid-connected mode, and community grid-connected / off-grid hybrid mode.

[0088] Regarding the full grid connection mode (such as) Figure 3 As shown): The microgrid interconnection interfaces 221 of all energy storage devices 200 remain physically disconnected, and each energy storage device 200 is independent of each other, with no cross-device energy transmission channel (bidirectional energy transmission channel). Each energy storage device 200 connects to the grid via its own mains interface 222, independently completing local photovoltaic power consumption, battery (battery module 310) charging and discharging, and local load (AC load device 430) power supply. It is suitable for daily scenarios where the mains power 420 is normally supplied and no cluster interconnection is required.

[0089] Regarding community off-network mode (such as) Figure 4As shown): Energy storage devices 200 can be flexibly deployed at installation points such as balconies of various households. In the event of a mains power outage (transformer 470 is marked as gray and out of power), the cloud platform 100 issues a command to close the microgrid interconnection interface 221 of all energy storage devices 200, interconnecting the energy storage devices 200 of different households within the community to form a community-level microgrid. Each energy storage device 200 within the system records the power flow of the entire network and individual households in real time. Relying on cloud-based metering logic, it counts the power generation, power consumption, and energy transfer between households during microgrid operation, enabling accurate calculation of household electricity bills within the microgrid and supporting collaborative emergency power supply in the community during power outages.

[0090] Regarding home networking modes (such as...) Figure 5 As shown): Multiple energy storage devices 200 within a single household retain grid connection functionality and are installed at different locations such as the living room, kitchen, and bedrooms. Each energy storage device 200 does not require dedicated power grid cables and is interconnected by connecting to the mains interface 222 of the same indoor AC circuit 410, thus building a dedicated home microgrid within the household and enabling autonomous energy flow and allocation among multiple energy storage, photovoltaic, and load devices within the same household.

[0091] Regarding the community-based and offline hybrid model (such as...) Figure 6 As shown): In response to the different operating conditions of the community's local power grid (mains power 420) being energized and the local power grid being de-energized, the cloud platform 100 manages the area according to the detection status of the mains power 420 at each location: the energy storage device 200 in the energized area maintains the full grid-connected mode, and the microgrid interconnection interface 221 is disconnected; the energy storage device 200 in the de-energized area closes the microgrid interconnection interface 221 to form a local microgrid, and the two types of areas do not interfere with each other; when the mains power 420 is restored, the operating mode automatically switches.

[0092] In some embodiments, optionally, such as Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the mains power interface 222 is connected to the mains power 420 through the transformer 470. The transformer 470 mainly serves to match voltage levels and provide electrical isolation protection.

[0093] In some embodiments, optionally, such as Figure 1 As shown, the AC-side photovoltaic interface 224 is used to connect the inverter 480, which is electrically connected to the photovoltaic array device 440. The inverter 480 mainly functions as an electrical energy converter.

[0094] In some embodiments, optionally, scheduling instructions are generated based on runtime data, including:

[0095] Based on operational data, the direction and power of power transmission between each energy storage device 200 are determined, and scheduling instructions corresponding to the direction and power of power transmission are generated.

[0096] Optionally, the cloud platform 100 aggregates and cleans the operating data uploaded by each energy storage device 200 in the entire cluster, and forms a global operating status matrix after removing abnormal data.

[0097] Optionally, the operating data includes: the battery state of charge of each energy storage device 200, the total power generation of the photovoltaic array device 440, the total power generation of the distributed photovoltaic device 450, the total power consumption of the AC load device 430, the mains power connection status, and the on / off status of each relay.

[0098] Based on the above operational data, the cloud platform 100 calculates the real-time power surplus or power deficit of each energy storage device 200, providing a basis for decision-making in subsequent power flow allocation.

[0099] Optionally, the cloud platform 100 determines the direction of power transmission within the cluster based on the real-time power surplus and deficit of each energy storage device 200. Optionally, energy storage devices 200 whose current charge value is greater than or equal to a preset charge threshold and whose photovoltaic output (the sum of the total power generation of the photovoltaic array device 440 and the total power generation of the distributed photovoltaic device 450) is greater than their local load demand (the total power consumption of the AC load device 430) are identified as power output units; energy storage devices 200 whose current charge value is less than the preset charge threshold and whose local load demand (the total power consumption of the AC load device 430) is greater than their own power supply capacity (the sum of the total power generation of the photovoltaic array device 440, the total power generation of the distributed photovoltaic device 450, and the discharge power of the battery module 310) are identified as power receiving units. The direction of power transmission is from the power output unit to the power receiving unit. When there are multiple power output units and multiple power receiving units in the cluster, the cloud platform 100 can match them according to the principle of proximity transmission and efficiency priority to determine the optimal combination of power transmission paths and directions.

[0100] Optionally, the cloud platform 100 calculates the power transmission power on each transmission path. The calculation process comprehensively considers the maximum output power of the power output unit, the maximum receive power of the power receiving unit, the rated current carrying capacity of the indoor AC circuit 410 or the microgrid interconnection line, and transmission loss, and allocates the transmission power of each path according to the goal of optimal global energy utilization, while ensuring the safe operation of the system.

[0101] Based on the operational data of the entire cluster, the direction and power of power transmission between each energy storage device 200 can be determined. This enables the directional and quantitative energy transfer from surplus energy storage units (energy storage devices 200 with sufficient power) to energy shortage units (energy storage devices 200 with insufficient power). This breaks the limitation of energy islands where individual units are independently dispatched, effectively improves the imbalance between local overcharging of energy storage and insufficient power supply to local loads, and helps to improve the overall power utilization rate and power supply guarantee capability of the cluster.

[0102] In some embodiments, optionally, such as Figure 1 As shown, the energy storage device 200 also includes one or a combination of the following: AC load interface 223, AC side photovoltaic interface 224, energy storage expansion interface 226, and DC side photovoltaic interface 227.

[0103] AC load interface 223 is electrically connected to bidirectional inverter 210 and is used to connect AC load device 430. AC-side photovoltaic interface 224 is electrically connected to bidirectional inverter 210 and is used to connect photovoltaic array device 440. Energy storage expansion interface 226 is electrically connected to bidirectional inverter 210 and is used to connect energy storage expansion device 320. DC-side photovoltaic interface 227 is electrically connected to bidirectional inverter 210 and is used to connect distributed photovoltaic device 450.

[0104] It should be noted that the microgrid interconnection interface 221, mains interface 222, AC load interface 223, and AC-side photovoltaic interface 224 all belong to the AC-side port group of the bidirectional inverter 210. The energy storage expansion interface 226 and the DC-side photovoltaic interface 227 both belong to the DC-side port group of the bidirectional inverter 210. The photovoltaic array device 440 is a high-voltage photovoltaic device. The distributed photovoltaic device 450 is a low-voltage photovoltaic device.

[0105] By making the AC load interface 223, AC-side photovoltaic interface 224, energy storage expansion interface 226, and DC-side photovoltaic interface 227 optional configurations, the system supports selecting a single interface or any combination based on actual application needs, allowing the energy storage device 200 with the same hardware architecture to adapt to different installation scenarios. For lightweight residential scenarios, redundant interfaces can be simplified, meeting differentiated functional requirements while avoiding unnecessary hardware cost investment, which is beneficial to improving the economics of system deployment and scenario adaptability.

[0106] In some embodiments, the number of AC load interfaces 223 may be at least one, that is, there may be one, two or more AC load interfaces 223, and the AC load interfaces 223 may be flexibly configured according to actual needs.

[0107] In some embodiments, the number of AC-side photovoltaic interfaces 224 may be at least one, that is, there may be one, two or more AC-side photovoltaic interfaces 224, and the AC-side photovoltaic interfaces 224 may be flexibly configured according to actual needs.

[0108] In some embodiments, the number of energy storage expansion interfaces 226 may be at least one, that is, there may be one, two or more energy storage expansion interfaces 226, and the energy storage expansion interfaces 226 may be flexibly configured according to actual needs.

[0109] In some embodiments, the number of DC-side photovoltaic interfaces 227 may be at least one, that is, there may be one, two or more DC-side photovoltaic interfaces 227, and the DC-side photovoltaic interfaces 227 may be flexibly configured according to actual needs.

[0110] In some embodiments, optionally, such as Figure 1 As shown, a first relay 231 is provided between the bidirectional inverter 210 and the microgrid interconnection interface 221. The first relay 231 is used to control the on / off state of the circuit between the bidirectional inverter 210 and the microgrid interconnection interface 221.

[0111] When the first relay 231 is closed, the bidirectional inverter 210 is electrically connected to the microgrid interconnection interface 221, and the energy storage device 200 can perform bidirectional energy transfer with other energy storage devices 200 through the microgrid interconnection interface 221; when the first relay 231 is open, the microgrid interconnection interface 221 is electrically isolated from the bidirectional inverter 210, and there is no energy interaction.

[0112] A second relay 232 is provided between the bidirectional inverter 210 and the mains interface 222. The second relay 232 is used to control the on / off state of the circuit between the bidirectional inverter 210 and the mains interface 222.

[0113] When the second relay 232 is closed, the bidirectional inverter 210 is connected to the indoor AC circuit 410 and the mains power 420 through the mains power interface 222, and can perform operations such as grid-connected charging and grid-connected power supply; when the second relay 232 is open, the bidirectional inverter 210 is electrically isolated from the mains power interface 222, which can prevent the power from being fed back to the grid during off-grid operation and ensure the safety of maintenance and off-grid operation.

[0114] In the case where the energy storage device 200 includes an AC load interface 223, a third relay 233 is provided between the bidirectional inverter 210 and the AC load interface 223. The third relay 233 is used to control the on / off state of the circuit between the bidirectional inverter 210 and the AC load interface 223.

[0115] When the third relay 233 is closed, the bidirectional inverter 210 is electrically connected to the AC load interface 223 to supply power to the AC load device 430; when the third relay 233 is open, the bidirectional inverter 210 is electrically isolated from the AC load interface 223, which can achieve fault isolation under abnormal conditions such as overload and short circuit.

[0116] In the case where the energy storage device 200 includes an AC-side photovoltaic interface 224, a fourth relay 234 is provided between the bidirectional inverter 210 and the AC-side photovoltaic interface 224. The fourth relay 234 is used to control the on / off state of the circuit between the bidirectional inverter 210 and the AC-side photovoltaic interface 224.

[0117] When the fourth relay 234 is closed, the photovoltaic array device 440 can be connected to the bidirectional inverter 210 through the AC side photovoltaic interface 224 for power conversion and consumption; when the fourth relay 234 is open, the AC side photovoltaic interface 224 and the bidirectional inverter 210 are electrically isolated, which facilitates photovoltaic side maintenance or cuts off no-load losses when there is no sunlight at night.

[0118] In the case where the energy storage device 200 includes a DC-side photovoltaic interface 227, a fifth relay 235 is provided between the bidirectional inverter 210 and the DC-side photovoltaic interface 227. The fifth relay 235 is used to control the on / off state of the circuit between the bidirectional inverter 210 and the DC-side photovoltaic interface 227.

[0119] When the fifth relay 235 is closed, the distributed photovoltaic device 450 can be connected to the bidirectional inverter 210 through the DC-side photovoltaic interface 227 for boost conversion and grid connection; when the fifth relay 235 is open, the DC-side photovoltaic interface 227 and the bidirectional inverter 210 are electrically isolated, realizing independent switching control of the DC-side photovoltaic.

[0120] By setting independent relays between the bidirectional inverter 210 and each interface, the electrical connection status of the microgrid interconnection interface 221, mains interface 222, AC load interface 223, AC side photovoltaic interface 224, DC side photovoltaic interface 227 and the bidirectional inverter 210 can be controlled separately, and the on / off actions of each branch do not interfere with each other.

[0121] In some embodiments, the operating data may optionally include one or a combination of the following: the current charge value of the battery module 310, the total power generation of the photovoltaic array device 440, the total power generation of the distributed photovoltaic device 450, the total power consumption of the AC load device 430, the mains power connection status, the on / off status of the first relay 231, the on / off status of the second relay 232, the on / off status of the third relay 233, the on / off status of the fourth relay 234, and the on / off status of the fifth relay 235.

[0122] The dispatching instructions include one or a combination of the following: charging and discharging power instructions for the bidirectional inverters 210 of each energy storage device 200, on / off instructions for the first relay 231 of each energy storage device 200, on / off instructions for the second relay 232 of each energy storage device 200, on / off instructions for the third relay 233 of each energy storage device 200, on / off instructions for the fourth relay 234 of each energy storage device 200, and on / off instructions for the fifth relay 235 of each energy storage device 200.

[0123] Optionally, the controller 330 collects the current charge value of the battery module 310 through the battery management system and expresses it as a percentage of the remaining usable capacity of the battery relative to the rated capacity. This reflects the remaining energy storage capacity of each energy storage device 200 and is the core basis for the cloud (cloud platform 100) to carry out charging and discharging scheduling and power flow allocation.

[0124] Optionally, for the energy storage device 200 configured with the AC-side photovoltaic interface 224, the controller 330 collects the total power generation of the photovoltaic array device 440 in real time through the AC-side power acquisition unit to reflect the output of the AC-side photovoltaic and provide data support for photovoltaic consumption and scheduling.

[0125] Optionally, for the energy storage device 200 configured with DC-side photovoltaic interface 227, the controller 330 collects the total power generation of the distributed photovoltaic device 450 in real time through the DC-side power acquisition unit to reflect the output of the DC-side photovoltaic.

[0126] Optionally, for the energy storage device 200 configured with AC load interface 223, the controller 330 collects the total power consumption of the AC load device 430 in real time through the load-side power acquisition unit to reflect the real-time power demand of each node and provide a basis for decision-making for load balancing scheduling and power supply guarantee.

[0127] Optionally, the controller 330 collects electrical parameters such as voltage and frequency of the mains interface 222 in real time through the mains power detection unit to determine whether the mains power 420 is in a normal power supply state.

[0128] Optionally, the controller 330 collects the actual on / off status of each relay to provide feedback on the electrical connection status of each functional interface. The relay status data can be used to verify the execution effect of scheduling commands, as well as for fault diagnosis and anomaly identification.

[0129] The operational data covers various data types, ensuring data collection from multiple dimensions, which helps improve the accuracy and rationality of power dispatch results. Furthermore, the dispatch instructions include control commands from multiple dimensions to ensure rapid switching of operating modes, thus improving the response speed and operational stability during condition changes.

[0130] In some embodiments, optionally, during a mains power outage (420V), the cloud platform 100 is configured as follows:

[0131] Based on the current charge value of the battery module 310 in each energy storage device 200, the total power generation of the photovoltaic array device 440, the total power generation of the distributed photovoltaic device 450, and the total power consumption of the corresponding AC load device 430, the power transmission direction and power between each energy storage device 200 are determined, and scheduling instructions corresponding to the power transmission direction and power are generated.

[0132] Optionally, when the mains power 420 is interrupted, the cluster energy storage system 300 switches from grid-connected operation mode to off-grid cluster operation mode, and the cloud platform 100 executes a global power dispatch strategy for off-grid conditions to ensure the continuity and stability of cluster power supply in off-grid conditions.

[0133] Optionally, the controller 330 of each energy storage device 200 monitors the voltage and / or frequency value of the mains interface 222 in real time. When the detected voltage value is outside the normal range or the frequency is abnormal, it is determined that the mains power 420 is interrupted, and the controller 330 immediately uploads the mains power 420 interruption status information to the cloud platform 100.

[0134] Optionally, the cloud platform 100 determines the direction of power transmission within the cluster based on the real-time power surplus and deficit of each energy storage device 200. Optionally, energy storage devices 200 whose current charge value is greater than or equal to a preset charge threshold and whose photovoltaic output (the sum of the total power generation of the photovoltaic array device 440 and the total power generation of the distributed photovoltaic device 450) is greater than their local load demand (the total power consumption of the AC load device 430) are identified as power output units; energy storage devices 200 whose current charge value is less than the preset charge threshold and whose local load demand (the total power consumption of the AC load device 430) is greater than their own power supply capacity (the sum of the total power generation of the photovoltaic array device 440, the total power generation of the distributed photovoltaic device 450, and the discharge power of the battery module 310) are identified as power receiving units. The direction of power transmission is from the power output unit to the power receiving unit. When there are multiple power output units and multiple power receiving units in the cluster, the cloud platform 100 can match them according to the principle of proximity transmission and efficiency priority to determine the optimal combination of power transmission paths and directions.

[0135] Optionally, the cloud platform 100 calculates the power transmission power on each transmission path. The calculation process comprehensively considers the maximum output power of the power output unit, the maximum receive power of the power receiving unit, the rated current carrying capacity of the indoor AC circuit 410 or the microgrid interconnection line, and transmission loss, and allocates the transmission power of each path according to the goal of optimal global energy utilization, while ensuring the safe operation of the system.

[0136] In the off-grid operation scenario where the mains power 420 is interrupted, the cloud platform 100 uses the battery charge status (current charge value of battery module 310) of each energy storage device 200 in the entire cluster, the total power generation of multiple types of photovoltaic devices, and the total power consumption of AC load devices 430 as the complete decision-making basis. It coordinates the power allocation globally, accurately identifies units with surplus power (energy storage devices 200 with sufficient power) and units with power shortage (energy storage devices 200 with insufficient power), and delivers energy in a targeted manner. This avoids the load power outage of a single energy storage device 200 due to insufficient capacity, and maximizes the continuous power supply capability to AC load devices 430 in the off-grid state.

[0137] In some embodiments, the cloud platform 100 is optionally configured to: count the power generation, power consumption and power transfer of each energy storage device 200; and generate power settlement data based on the statistical results.

[0138] Optionally, the cloud platform 100 independently tracks the power generation of each energy storage device 200. The power generation includes two parts: firstly, the total power generation of the photovoltaic array device 440 and distributed photovoltaic device 450 connected to the energy storage device 200, calculated by the controller 330 through real-time acquisition and integration of the photovoltaic side output power; secondly, the power output of the battery module 310, calculated by integrating the AC side output power of the bidirectional inverter 210. The cloud platform 100 accumulates the daily, monthly, and any specified time period power generation of each energy storage device 200 according to its device number, forming a complete power generation metering ledger.

[0139] Optionally, the cloud platform 100 independently calculates the electricity consumption of each energy storage device 200. The electricity consumption includes three parts: first, the total electricity consumption of the AC load devices 430 connected to the energy storage device 200, which is collected and integrated in real time by the load-side power acquisition unit; second, the charging electricity received by the battery module 310 from the outside, including the electricity obtained from the mains power 420 and the electricity transferred between the mains power and other energy storage devices 200; and third, the electricity obtained by the energy storage device 200 from the grid, which is calculated by the mains power 420-side power acquisition unit in grid-connected operation mode.

[0140] Optionally, the cloud platform 100 independently tracks the bidirectional power transfer between each energy storage device 200 within the cluster. When two energy storage devices 200 establish an energy transmission channel through the microgrid interconnection interface 221 or the indoor AC circuit 410, the cloud platform 100 records the power output from the output side and the power received from the receiving side based on the power acquisition data at both ends of the transmission path, and establishes a power transfer ledger according to the device pairing relationship.

[0141] Optionally, the cloud platform 100 automatically generates electricity settlement data based on statistical results of power generation, power consumption, and power transfer. The settlement data may include: the self-generated and self-consumed power, surplus power transmitted to other entities, purchased power, power received through power transfer, and the corresponding electricity charges for each household corresponding to each energy storage device 200. In off-grid operation scenarios within the community, the cloud platform 100 can automatically calculate the electricity charges payable or receivable for each household according to preset electricity pricing rules (such as power transfer pricing, 420V grid electricity pricing, etc.), generating standardized settlement reports.

[0142] In the context of off-grid communities and interconnected multi-household operations, the power output (generation), consumption (electricity consumption), and interaction (electricity transfer) of each user can be accurately quantified, providing objective data support for power allocation and interactive settlement within the cluster, and ensuring the fairness and feasibility of multi-entity collaborative operation.

[0143] In some embodiments, optionally, such as Figure 2 As shown, the cloud platform 100 is used for communication connection with the mobile terminal 460.

[0144] The cloud platform 100 is also configured to receive control commands from the mobile terminal 460 and adjust scheduling commands according to the control commands.

[0145] It should be noted that the mobile terminal 460 can be a portable smart device such as a smartphone or tablet, on which an application compatible with the cluster energy storage system 300 is installed. The cloud platform 100 and the mobile terminal 460 use an encrypted communication protocol for data exchange, ensuring the secure transmission of control commands and operational data.

[0146] Optionally, the control commands include operating mode selection commands. By issuing operating mode selection commands, users can manually specify the operating mode of the cluster energy storage system 300, such as full grid-connected mode, community off-grid mode, home network mode, or a hybrid grid-connected / off-grid mode. After receiving the operating mode selection command, the cloud platform 100 adjusts the relay on / off states of each energy storage device 200 and the operating parameters of the bidirectional inverter 210 according to the requirements of the target operating mode, thus completing the operating mode switch.

[0147] Optionally, control commands include temporary scheduling commands. Users can issue temporary scheduling commands for specific energy storage devices 200 or specific interface branches, such as specifying power transmission between two devices, temporarily disconnecting a photovoltaic branch, or temporarily activating an energy storage expansion device 320. After receiving the temporary scheduling command, the cloud platform 100 incorporates it into the calculation of the current scheduling cycle, generates corresponding scheduling commands, and issues them for execution.

[0148] By establishing a communication connection between the cloud platform 100 and the mobile terminal 460, users can remotely issue control commands to the cloud platform 100 through the mobile terminal 460 without having to go to the site, which helps to improve the convenience of user operation and system maintenance.

[0149] In some embodiments, optionally, such as Figure 1 As shown, the energy storage device 200 also includes a controller 330. The controller 330 is electrically connected to the bidirectional inverter 210. The controller 330 is communicatively connected to the cloud platform 100 (e.g., Figure 2 (As shown).

[0150] The controller 330 is configured to: collect the operating data of the energy storage device 200 and upload it to the cloud platform 100; receive the scheduling instructions issued by the cloud platform 100 and control the operating status of the energy storage device 200 according to the scheduling instructions.

[0151] Optionally, the controller 330 uses an MCU (Microcontroller Unit).

[0152] Optionally, the cloud platform 100 can dynamically adjust the charging and discharging power and energy transmission direction of each energy storage device 200 according to the power supply status of the mains power 420, the remaining battery capacity (current charge value) of each energy storage device 200 in the cluster, and the load distribution, so as to achieve optimized power allocation of each energy storage device 200 in the cluster.

[0153] By coordinating and scheduling at least two interconnected energy storage devices 200 through the cloud platform 100, global collaborative management and control of multiple energy storage devices 200 can be achieved, which is conducive to improving the overall utilization efficiency of energy storage resources.

[0154] In one embodiment of the present invention, the power dispatch control method is applied to the cluster energy storage system 300 in any of the above embodiments.

[0155] like Figure 7 As shown, the power dispatch control method includes:

[0156] S502 receives operational data uploaded by each energy storage device in the cluster energy storage system.

[0157] The operating data includes one or a combination of the following: the current charge value of the battery module, the total power generation of the photovoltaic array device, the total power generation of the distributed photovoltaic device, the total power consumption of the AC load device, the mains power connection status, the on / off status of the first relay, the on / off status of the second relay, the on / off status of the third relay, the on / off status of the fourth relay, and the on / off status of the fifth relay.

[0158] Optionally, the controller collects the current charge value of the battery module through the battery management system and expresses it as a percentage of the remaining usable capacity of the battery relative to the rated capacity. This reflects the remaining energy storage capacity of each energy storage device and is the core basis for the cloud (cloud platform) to carry out charging and discharging scheduling and power flow allocation.

[0159] Optionally, for energy storage devices configured with AC-side photovoltaic interfaces, the controller collects the total power generation of the photovoltaic array in real time through the AC-side power acquisition unit to reflect the output of the AC-side photovoltaic system and provide data support for photovoltaic power consumption and scheduling.

[0160] Optionally, for energy storage devices equipped with DC-side photovoltaic interfaces, the controller collects the total power generation of the distributed photovoltaic devices in real time through the DC-side power acquisition unit to reflect the output of the DC-side photovoltaic system.

[0161] Optionally, for energy storage devices configured with AC load interfaces, the controller collects the total power consumption of the AC load devices in real time through the load-side power acquisition unit to reflect the real-time power demand of each node and provide a basis for decision-making for load balancing scheduling and power supply guarantee.

[0162] Optionally, the controller can collect electrical parameters such as voltage and frequency of the mains interface in real time through the mains power detection unit to determine whether the mains power is in a normal power supply state.

[0163] Optionally, the controller collects the actual on / off status of each relay to provide feedback on the electrical connection status of each functional interface. The relay status data can be used to verify the execution effect of scheduling commands, as well as for fault diagnosis and anomaly identification.

[0164] S504 generates scheduling instructions based on runtime data.

[0165] The dispatch instructions include one or a combination of the following: charging and discharging power instructions for the bidirectional inverters of each energy storage device, on / off instructions for the first relay of each energy storage device, on / off instructions for the second relay of each energy storage device, on / off instructions for the third relay of each energy storage device, on / off instructions for the fourth relay of each energy storage device, and on / off instructions for the fifth relay of each energy storage device.

[0166] S506 sends dispatch instructions to the corresponding energy storage devices to control the operating status of each energy storage device.

[0167] Optionally, the cloud platform can dynamically adjust the charging and discharging power and energy transmission direction of each energy storage device based on the mains power supply status, the remaining battery capacity (current charge value) of each energy storage device in the cluster, and the load distribution, thereby achieving optimized power allocation for each energy storage device in the cluster.

[0168] The power dispatch control method has the beneficial effects of any of the above embodiments, which will not be elaborated here.

[0169] In some embodiments, optionally, such as Figure 8 As shown, S504 (generating scheduling instructions based on runtime data) includes:

[0170] S5042, based on operational data, determines the direction and power of power transmission between each energy storage device, and generates scheduling instructions corresponding to the direction and power of power transmission.

[0171] Optionally, the cloud platform aggregates and cleans the operational data uploaded by each energy storage device in the entire cluster, and forms a global operational status matrix after removing abnormal data.

[0172] Optionally, the operating data includes: the battery state of charge of each energy storage device, the total power generation of the photovoltaic array device, the total power generation of the distributed photovoltaic device, the total power consumption of the AC load device, the mains power connection status, and the on / off status of each relay.

[0173] Based on the above operational data, the cloud platform calculates the real-time power surplus or power deficit of each energy storage device, providing a basis for decision-making in subsequent power flow allocation.

[0174] Optionally, the cloud platform determines the direction of power transmission within the cluster based on the real-time power surplus and deficit of each energy storage device. Optionally, energy storage devices with a current charge value greater than or equal to a preset charge threshold and whose photovoltaic output (the sum of the total power generation of the photovoltaic array and the distributed photovoltaic devices) is greater than their local load demand (the total power consumption of AC load devices) are identified as power output units; energy storage devices with a current charge value less than the preset charge threshold and whose local load demand (the total power consumption of AC load devices) is greater than their own power supply capacity (the sum of the total power generation of the photovoltaic array, the total power generation of the distributed photovoltaic devices, and the discharge power of the battery modules) are identified as power receiving units. The direction of power transmission is from the power output unit to the power receiving unit. When there are multiple power output units and multiple power receiving units within the cluster, the cloud platform can match them according to the principles of proximity transmission and efficiency priority to determine the optimal combination of power transmission paths and directions.

[0175] Optionally, the cloud platform calculates the power transmission power on each transmission path. The calculation process comprehensively considers constraints such as the maximum output power of the power output unit, the maximum receive power of the power receiving unit, the rated current carrying capacity of the indoor AC circuit or microgrid interconnection line, and transmission loss. Under the premise of ensuring the safe operation of the system, the transmission power of each path is allocated according to the goal of optimizing the global energy utilization rate.

[0176] Based on the operational data of the entire cluster, the direction and power of power transmission between each energy storage device can be determined. This enables the directional and quantitative energy transfer from surplus energy storage units (energy storage devices with sufficient power) to energy shortage units (energy storage devices with insufficient power). This breaks the limitation of energy islands where individual units are independently dispatched, effectively improves the imbalance between local overcharging of energy storage and insufficient power supply to local loads, and helps to improve the overall power utilization rate and power supply guarantee capability of the cluster.

[0177] In some embodiments, optionally, such as Figure 9 As shown, the power dispatch control method includes:

[0178] In the S602 cluster energy storage system, relay status, battery information, power and power flow information are uploaded to the main board.

[0179] The mainboard of each energy storage device is used to collect relay status, battery information, power, and power flow information. The "mainboard" is part of the controller. "Relay status" refers to the on / off state of each relay; "battery information" refers to the current charge value of the battery module; and "power and power flow information" refers to the power transmitted and the direction of power transmission.

[0180] In the S604, the motherboard uploads status information to the cloud platform, which then sends the status information to the mobile terminal and displays it in the mobile terminal's app.

[0181] It should be noted that APP (Application) refers to an application program.

[0182] The S606 cloud platform receives control commands from mobile terminals and internally uses models and algorithms to send adjusted scheduling commands to the motherboard based on the status information uploaded by the motherboard.

[0183] The S608 motherboard receives scheduling instructions from the cloud platform to control the operating status, power, and power flow of the internal relays.

[0184] It should be noted that "power and power flow" here refers to the power transmitted and the direction of power transmission.

[0185] In some embodiments, optionally, such as Figure 10 As shown, the power dispatch control method includes:

[0186] S702, disconnect the microgrid interconnection interface if it is confirmed that there is mains power supply.

[0187] When it is confirmed that there is mains power supply, the first relay is controlled to be in the off state, so that the circuit between the bidirectional inverter and the microgrid interconnection interface is disconnected.

[0188] S704: In the event of a mains power outage, the cloud platform controls the microgrid interconnection interface to connect or disconnect based on the settings.

[0189] It should be noted that "settings" here refers to information such as setting parameters determined by control commands from the mobile terminal.

[0190] S706: At least two energy storage devices are connected through a microgrid interconnection interface to form a microgrid system.

[0191] It should be noted that the "microgrid system" here refers to a system consisting of at least two energy storage devices. In a microgrid system, bidirectional energy transfer can be performed between the energy storage devices.

[0192] In a microgrid system, the S708 cloud platform controls power flow, bidirectional inverter operation, and photovoltaic charging power based on battery power, input power of high-voltage photovoltaic devices, input power of low-voltage photovoltaic devices, and load conditions.

[0193] It should be noted that "Battery charge" refers to the current charge value of the battery module. "Input power of high-voltage photovoltaic system" refers to the total power generation of the photovoltaic array system. "Input power of low-voltage photovoltaic system" refers to the total power generation of the distributed photovoltaic system. "Load status" refers to the total power consumption of AC load equipment.

[0194] In one embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 11 As shown, the cloud platform 100 includes a memory 110 and a processor 120. The memory 110 stores programs or instructions that can be executed on the processor 120. When the processor 120 executes the programs or instructions, it implements the steps of the power dispatch control method in any of the above embodiments.

[0195] The cloud platform 100 has the beneficial effects of any of the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0196] In this invention, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; the term "multiple" refers to two or more unless otherwise explicitly defined. The terms "install," "connect," "link," and "fix" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connect" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; "link" can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0197] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "rear," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or unit referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0198] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiment," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0199] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A clustered energy storage system, characterized in that, include: At least two energy storage devices are provided, each including a bidirectional inverter, a microgrid interconnection interface, a mains power interface, and a battery module. The microgrid interconnection interface, the mains power interface, and the battery module are all electrically connected to the bidirectional inverter. The mains power interface is used to access mains power through an indoor AC circuit. The at least two energy storage devices are configured to: establish a bidirectional energy transmission channel through the microgrid interconnection interface; and / or, in the event of a mains power outage, establish a bidirectional energy transmission channel through the mains power interface connected to the same indoor AC circuit. A cloud platform is communicatively connected to each of the energy storage devices. The cloud platform is configured to: receive operating data uploaded by each of the energy storage devices, generate scheduling instructions based on the operating data, and send the scheduling instructions to the corresponding energy storage devices to control the operating status of each of the energy storage devices.

2. The cluster energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The generation of scheduling instructions based on the operational data includes: Based on the operational data, the direction and power of power transmission between each energy storage device are determined, and the scheduling command corresponding to the direction and power transmission are generated.

3. The clustered energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy storage device further includes one or a combination of the following: An AC load interface is electrically connected to the bidirectional inverter, and the AC load interface is used to connect AC load devices. The AC-side photovoltaic interface is electrically connected to the bidirectional inverter and is used to connect to the photovoltaic array device. An energy storage expansion interface is electrically connected to the bidirectional inverter, and the energy storage expansion interface is used to connect energy storage expansion equipment; The DC-side photovoltaic interface is electrically connected to the bidirectional inverter and is used to connect distributed photovoltaic devices.

4. The clustered energy storage system according to claim 3, characterized in that, A first relay is provided between the bidirectional inverter and the microgrid interconnection interface. The first relay is used to control the on / off state of the circuit between the bidirectional inverter and the microgrid interconnection interface. A second relay is provided between the bidirectional inverter and the mains interface. The second relay is used to control the on / off state of the circuit between the bidirectional inverter and the mains interface. In the case where the energy storage device includes the AC load interface, a third relay is provided between the bidirectional inverter and the AC load interface, and the third relay is used to control the on / off state of the circuit between the bidirectional inverter and the AC load interface. In the case where the energy storage device includes the AC-side photovoltaic interface, a fourth relay is provided between the bidirectional inverter and the AC-side photovoltaic interface. The fourth relay is used to control the on / off state of the circuit between the bidirectional inverter and the AC-side photovoltaic interface. In the case where the energy storage device includes the DC-side photovoltaic interface, a fifth relay is provided between the bidirectional inverter and the DC-side photovoltaic interface. The fifth relay is used to control the on / off state of the circuit between the bidirectional inverter and the DC-side photovoltaic interface.

5. The clustered energy storage system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The operational data includes one or a combination of the following: The current charge value of the battery module, the total power generation of the photovoltaic array device, the total power generation of the distributed photovoltaic device, the total power consumption of the AC load device, the mains power access status, the on / off status of the first relay, the on / off status of the second relay, the on / off status of the third relay, the on / off status of the fourth relay, and the on / off status of the fifth relay. The scheduling instruction includes one or a combination of the following: The commands for charging and discharging power of the bidirectional inverter of each energy storage device, the commands for switching on and off of the first relay of each energy storage device, the commands for switching on and off of the second relay of each energy storage device, the commands for switching on and off of the third relay of each energy storage device, the commands for switching on and off of the fourth relay of each energy storage device, and the commands for switching on and off of the fifth relay of each energy storage device.

6. The clustered energy storage system according to claim 5, characterized in that, In the event of a mains power outage, the cloud platform is configured as follows: Based on the current charge value of the battery module in each energy storage device, the total power generation of the photovoltaic array device, the total power generation of the distributed photovoltaic device, and the total power consumption of the corresponding AC load device, the power transmission direction and power transmission power between each energy storage device are determined, and the scheduling command corresponding to the power transmission direction and power transmission power is generated.

7. The clustered energy storage system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The cloud platform is also configured as follows: Statistics are compiled on the power generation, power consumption, and power transfer between each of the aforementioned energy storage devices. Electricity settlement data is generated based on statistical results.

8. The clustered energy storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The cloud platform is used for communication connections with mobile terminals; The cloud platform is also configured as follows: Receive control commands from the mobile terminal and adjust the scheduling commands according to the control commands.

9. The clustered energy storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The energy storage device also includes a controller, which is electrically connected to the bidirectional inverter and communicatively connected to the cloud platform; The controller is configured to: Collect the operating data of the energy storage device and upload it to the cloud platform; The system receives the scheduling instructions issued by the cloud platform and controls the operating status of the energy storage device according to the scheduling instructions.

10. A power dispatch control method, characterized in that, The power dispatch control method, applied to the clustered energy storage system as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, comprises: Receive operational data uploaded by each energy storage device in the cluster energy storage system; Generate scheduling instructions based on the aforementioned operational data; The scheduling command is sent to the corresponding energy storage device to control the operating status of each energy storage device.

11. The power dispatch control method according to claim 10, characterized in that, The generation of scheduling instructions based on the operational data includes: Based on the operational data, the direction and power of power transmission between each energy storage device are determined, and the scheduling command corresponding to the direction and power transmission are generated.

12. A cloud platform, characterized in that, It includes a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a program or instructions that can be run on the processor, and the processor executes the program or instructions to implement the steps of the power dispatch control method as described in claim 10 or 11.

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