A power distribution equipment flexible switching control method and system for green consumption reduction

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of power distribution automation, and discloses a flexible switching control method and system for power distribution equipment oriented to green consumption reduction, which comprises the following steps: performing power flow calculation on electrical quantity data of a power distribution network to obtain a reference power flow distribution; generating branch carbon flow rate distribution data set according to carbon flow tracking rules based on the reference power flow distribution, real-time carbon emission intensity coefficient and initial value of carbon emission flow rate; enumerating candidate switching operations and extracting corresponding carbon emission reduction potential estimates based on the reference power flow distribution and the carbon flow rate distribution data set; constructing a screening rule with the carbon emission reduction potential estimates as the primary priority evaluation index to screen out an effective candidate set from the candidate switching operations; selecting the operation with the largest absolute value of carbon emission reduction potential estimate in the effective candidate set as the optimal operation to generate a flexible switching control instruction; and the present application can improve the execution effectiveness of the green consumption reduction target in switching control decision-making.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power distribution automation technology, and in particular to a flexible commissioning and decommissioning control method and system for power distribution equipment aimed at green energy conservation and emission reduction. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of distribution automation technology, the commissioning and decommissioning of various types of equipment in the distribution network is an important means to maintain the safe and economical operation of the power grid. With the advancement of dual carbon goals, related technologies have gradually incorporated green indicators such as carbon emissions and energy conservation and loss reduction. Some solutions use carbon emissions as one of the objectives through multi-objective optimization, while others are based on carbon flow tracking analysis of the distribution network carbon emission distribution. However, the above methods are mostly geared towards offline scheduling or periodic optimization, and their decision granularity differs from the online real-time response requirements of commissioning and decommissioning control. Green energy conservation and loss reduction indicators are mostly embedded in the safety constraint framework in a weighted manner, and the impact of carbon emissions is difficult to pre-quantify in the commissioning and decommissioning decision-making process and participate independently in the selection of the best option.

[0003] In practical power distribution equipment commissioning and decommissioning control scenarios, each specific commissioning or decommissioning operation alters the topology and power flow distribution of the power distribution network, thereby causing corresponding changes in the carbon flow rate of each branch and the total carbon emissions of the system. Because existing methods lack sufficient means to assess the transient response of carbon flow changes caused by a single commissioning or decommissioning operation, the impact of carbon emissions cannot be quantified into an indicator that can be used for optimization in decision-making. Furthermore, the electrical characteristics and operational constraints of various types of equipment are difficult to coordinate uniformly within the same decision-making framework. This means that the carbon emission reduction effect of each commissioning or decommissioning operation can only be indirectly obtained through subsequent statistics after the operation is performed. The green energy conservation target cannot effectively and directly drive the optimization process of commissioning and decommissioning decisions. Therefore, how to improve the effectiveness of green energy conservation targets in commissioning and decommissioning control decisions has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a flexible commissioning and decommissioning control method and system for power distribution equipment aimed at green energy conservation and emission reduction, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a flexible commissioning and decommissioning control method for power distribution equipment aimed at green energy conservation and emission reduction, comprising: S1. Perform power flow calculation on the electrical quantity data in the multidimensional dataset of the distribution network under the current operating state to obtain the baseline power flow distribution. The multidimensional dataset includes electrical quantity data, equipment status data, topology data, and carbon emission data. S2. Based on the baseline power flow distribution, the real-time carbon emission intensity coefficient of the power nodes in the distribution network and the initial value of the carbon emission flow rate of the load nodes, a carbon flow rate distribution dataset of each branch in the distribution network is generated according to the preset carbon flow tracking rules. S3. Based on the baseline power flow distribution and the carbon flow rate distribution dataset, enumerate the candidate commissioning and decommissioning operations of the power distribution equipment that can be commissioned and decommissioned in the power distribution network, generate a candidate commissioning and decommissioning operation set, and traverse and extract the carbon emission reduction potential estimate corresponding to the execution of the candidate commissioning and decommissioning operation set. S4. Using the estimated carbon emission reduction potential as the primary priority evaluation indicator, construct the feasibility screening rules for the candidate investment and withdrawal operations, and select the effective candidate set from the candidate investment and withdrawal operation set; S5. In the effective candidate set, select the candidate operation with the largest absolute value of the carbon emission reduction potential estimate as the optimal operation, and generate the flexible operation control command for the power distribution equipment that can be operated and deactivated based on the optimal operation.

[0006] Furthermore, the step of performing power flow calculations on the electrical quantity data in the multidimensional dataset of the distribution network under its current operating state to obtain the baseline power flow distribution includes: Extract the active power injection and reactive power injection of each distribution node in the distribution network under the current operating state; Based on the network topology of the power distribution network, determine the impedance parameters of each branch in the power distribution network and the connection relationship between each distribution node; The active and reactive power injections of each distribution node are used as boundary conditions for iterative solution to obtain the voltage phasor of each distribution node. Based on the voltage phasor and the impedance parameters, the active power, reactive power and current amplitude of each branch are calculated, and the active power, reactive power and current amplitude are summarized into a reference power flow distribution.

[0007] Further, based on the baseline power flow distribution, the real-time carbon emission intensity coefficients of the power generation nodes and the initial values ​​of the carbon emission flow rates of the load nodes in the distribution network, and according to preset carbon flow tracking rules, a carbon flow rate distribution dataset for each branch in the distribution network is generated, including: The initial value of the carbon emission flow rate is the load node carbon flow rate verification benchmark value obtained from the distribution network carbon flow management system; The total carbon injection rate of the power node is obtained by multiplying the real-time carbon emission intensity coefficient of the power node in the distribution network with the injected active power of the power node under the current operating state. Based on the directional nature of power transmission in the power distribution network, taking the injected active power as the tracking starting point, the transmission direction from the power source node to the load node is used to traverse each branch and the intermediate distribution node in the transmission direction step by step. At the intermediate distribution node, based on the ratio between the power of the injected branch and the power of the outflow branch corresponding to the intermediate distribution node, the power carried by the injected branch is distributed to the outflow branch until all load nodes in the distribution network are traversed. The power distribution ratio of the initial injected power corresponding to each power node in each branch is summarized to obtain the power distribution ratio of the power transmission path from each power node to each load node in the power distribution network.

[0008] Furthermore, the step of generating a carbon flow rate distribution dataset for each branch in the distribution network based on the baseline power flow distribution, the real-time carbon emission intensity coefficient of the power generation nodes in the distribution network, and the initial value of the carbon emission flow rate of the load nodes, according to a preset carbon flow tracking rule, further includes: Based on the proportional sharing principle in the preset carbon flow tracking rules and the power allocation ratio, the total injected carbon flow rate is distributed downstream step by step along the power transmission path to obtain the carbon emissions from each power node carried by each branch. In each of the branches, the carbon emissions passing through the same branch are summed to obtain the total carbon emissions transmitted through the same branch. The total carbon emissions transmitted are divided by the active power of the same branch to obtain the carbon flow rate per unit power. The initial value of the carbon emission flow rate of the load node is used as a boundary constraint to match the sum of carbon emissions with the initial value of the carbon emission flow rate. After successful matching, the carbon flow rate per unit power is multiplied by the active power of the corresponding branch in each branch to obtain the carbon flow rate of each branch, and then summarized into a carbon flow rate distribution dataset.

[0009] Furthermore, based on the baseline power flow distribution and the carbon flow rate distribution dataset, candidate commissioning / decommissioning operations for configurable distribution equipment in the distribution network are enumerated to generate a candidate commissioning / decommissioning operation set, including: Based on the current commissioning / decommissioning status identifier of the commissioning / decommissioning equipment in the power distribution network, the equipment whose current commissioning / decommissioning status identifier is in the commissioning state is marked as eligible for decommissioning operation; Mark the device whose current deployment / disengagement status is out of service as ready to be deployed; In the power distribution equipment that can be put into operation or taken out of operation, a corresponding operation record is generated for each of the currently allowed put-in or take-out operations in the power distribution equipment. The operation records are combined into a candidate set of throw and withdraw operations.

[0010] Further, the step of traversing and extracting the carbon emission reduction potential estimate corresponding to the execution of the candidate deployment and withdrawal operations in the candidate deployment and withdrawal operation set includes: Based on the device number and action type corresponding to the candidate commissioning and decommissioning operations in the candidate commissioning and decommissioning operation set, topology change deduction is performed to determine the change mode of the distribution network topology after the implementation of the candidate commissioning and decommissioning operations; Based on the change pattern, the branch power is redistributed according to the baseline power flow distribution and the network topology parameters of the distribution network to obtain the change in active power of each branch after the implementation of the candidate commissioning and decommissioning operations. Using the carbon flow rate per unit power in each branch of the carbon flow rate distribution dataset as a carbon flow sensitivity relationship, the change in active power of each branch is converted into the corresponding predicted change in carbon flow rate. The predicted carbon flow rate changes are algebraically summed to obtain the total carbon flow rate change corresponding to the candidate deployment and withdrawal operations, and the total carbon flow rate change is used as the carbon emission reduction potential estimate. The carbon emission reduction potential estimate is used as a relative carbon emission reduction ranking indicator among the candidate deployment and withdrawal operations, and its value is not directly equivalent to the absolute change in system carbon emissions.

[0011] Furthermore, the step of traversing and extracting the carbon emission reduction potential estimate corresponding to the execution of the candidate deployment and withdrawal operations in the candidate deployment and withdrawal operation set also includes: For the change in active power, a power-voltage mapping is performed using the sensitivity relationship between node voltage amplitude and node injected power to obtain the change in voltage amplitude of each distribution node after the implementation of the candidate commissioning / decommissioning operation. The current voltage amplitude of each distribution node is then added to the change in voltage amplitude to obtain the estimated voltage amplitude of each distribution node. After summing up the changes in active power of each branch, the incremental network loss is merged to obtain the estimated value of the change in distribution network loss corresponding to the candidate commissioning and decommissioning operations. Based on the cumulative number of operations and rated operating parameters of the power distribution equipment that can be put into operation or deactivated, the equipment lifespan is assessed to obtain the estimated equipment lifespan loss rate corresponding to the candidate operation.

[0012] Furthermore, the feasibility screening rules for the candidate investment and withdrawal operations are constructed using the estimated carbon emission reduction potential as the primary priority evaluation indicator, and an effective candidate set is selected from the candidate investment and withdrawal operation set, including: Remove candidate investment and withdrawal operations with positive carbon emission reduction potential estimates from the candidate investment and withdrawal operation set to obtain the removed candidate investment and withdrawal operation set; Obtain the upper and lower limits of the voltage qualification corresponding to the voltage level of each power distribution node, as well as the maximum allowable number of operations and the upper limit of the life loss rate for each power distribution device that can be put into operation or deactivated. For each candidate commissioning / returning operation in the candidate commissioning / returning operation set after elimination, verify whether the estimated voltage amplitude of each corresponding power distribution node is between the lower limit of the voltage qualification and the upper limit of the voltage qualification, whether the cumulative number of operations of the corresponding commissioning / returning power distribution equipment does not exceed the corresponding maximum number of operations threshold, and whether the estimated value of the corresponding equipment life loss rate does not exceed the upper limit of the life loss rate threshold. Candidates that pass all validations are retained to form a valid candidate set.

[0013] Further, in the effective candidate set, the candidate operation with the largest absolute value of the carbon emission reduction potential estimate is selected as the optimal operation, and a flexible operation control command for the operable power distribution equipment is generated based on the optimal operation, including: In the effective candidate set, the candidate operation with the largest absolute value corresponding to the carbon emission reduction potential estimate is marked as the optimal operation; If multiple candidate commissioning / rejection operations in the valid candidate set have the same maximum absolute value, then compare the estimated value of the distribution network loss change corresponding to the multiple candidate commissioning / rejection operations, and mark the candidate commissioning / rejection operation with the smallest estimated value of the distribution network loss change as the optimal operation; If the estimated value of the change in distribution network loss is still the same, then compare the estimated value of the equipment life loss rate corresponding to the multiple candidate commissioning and decommissioning operations, and mark the candidate commissioning and decommissioning operation with the lowest estimated value of the equipment life loss rate as the optimal operation; Based on the device number and action type of the optimal operation, a flexible commissioning / decommissioning control command for the commissionable power distribution equipment is generated.

[0014] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention also provides a flexible commissioning and decommissioning control system for power distribution equipment aimed at green energy conservation and emission reduction, the system comprising: The baseline power flow acquisition module is used to perform power flow calculations on the electrical quantity data in the multidimensional dataset of the distribution network under the current operating state to obtain the baseline power flow distribution. The multidimensional dataset includes electrical quantity data, equipment status data, topology data, and carbon emission data. The carbon flow distribution analysis module is used to generate a carbon flow rate distribution dataset for each branch in the distribution network based on the baseline power flow distribution, the real-time carbon emission intensity coefficient of the power nodes in the distribution network and the initial value of the carbon emission flow rate of the load nodes, according to a preset carbon flow tracking rule. The green potential assessment module is used to enumerate candidate commissioning and decommissioning operations for power distribution equipment that can be commissioned and decommissioned in the power distribution network based on the benchmark power flow distribution and the carbon flow rate distribution dataset, generate a candidate commissioning and decommissioning operation set, and traverse and extract the carbon emission reduction potential estimate corresponding to the execution of the candidate commissioning and decommissioning operation set. The multi-constraint screening module is used to construct feasibility screening rules for the candidate investment and withdrawal operations, using the carbon emission reduction potential estimate as the primary priority evaluation indicator, and to screen out the effective candidate set from the candidate investment and withdrawal operation set. The green optimal decision module is used to select the candidate operation with the largest absolute value of the carbon emission reduction potential estimate as the optimal operation from the effective candidate set, and generate flexible operation and decommissioning control instructions for the power distribution equipment that can be operated and decommissioned based on the optimal operation.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention introduces branch carbon flow rate as a core state variable into the commissioning and decommissioning control process, achieving precise quantification of the carbon emission impact of a single commissioning and decommissioning operation. After obtaining the baseline power flow distribution, it combines the real-time carbon emission intensity coefficient of the power nodes with the initial value of the carbon emission flow rate of the load nodes to generate a carbon flow rate distribution dataset for each branch according to the carbon flow tracking rules. Using the unit power carbon flow rate of each branch as the carbon flow sensitivity relationship, the change in active power caused by the candidate operation is converted into the corresponding predicted change in carbon flow rate. Without having to repeatedly perform a complete carbon flow tracking calculation for each candidate operation, the carbon emission reduction potential prediction value of each candidate operation can be quickly obtained, so that the carbon emission impact can be quantified and expressed at the decision-making stage. The carbon emission reduction effect of each commissioning and decommissioning operation can be known in its expected direction before the decision is implemented, and the candidate operations can be ranked and selected by comparing the relative magnitude of the carbon emission reduction potential prediction value.

[0016] 2. This invention constructs a progressive decision-making framework with carbon emission reduction potential as the primary priority. Operations that increase carbon emissions are eliminated first, and then the optimal operation is selected based on the principle of maximizing the negative absolute value, making green energy conservation the primary driving factor for commissioning and decommissioning decisions. When multiple candidate operations have the same carbon emission reduction effect, the estimated value of network loss change and the estimated value of equipment lifespan loss rate are used as progressive comparison criteria, forming a hierarchical selection mechanism that prioritizes carbon emission reduction, followed by network loss, and then equipment lifespan loss. This mechanism integrates the electrical characteristics and operational constraints of various types of equipment into the same decision-making framework, ensuring optimal carbon emission reduction while also considering operational economy and equipment health, thus ensuring that green energy conservation goals are effectively implemented throughout the commissioning and decommissioning control decision-making process. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a flexible power distribution equipment commissioning and decommissioning control method for green energy conservation and reduction, provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a functional block diagram of a flexible power distribution equipment commissioning and decommissioning control system for green energy conservation provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0019] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0020] This application provides a flexible commissioning and decommissioning control method for power distribution equipment aimed at green energy conservation and emission reduction. The executing entity of this flexible commissioning and decommissioning control method includes, but is not limited to, at least one of the following electronic devices that can be configured to execute the method provided in this application: a server, a terminal, etc. In other words, the flexible commissioning and decommissioning control method for power distribution equipment aimed at green energy conservation and emission reduction can be executed by software or hardware installed on a terminal device or a server device. The server includes, but is not limited to, a single server, a server cluster, a cloud server, or a cloud server cluster. The server can be an independent server or a cloud server that provides basic cloud computing services such as cloud services, cloud databases, cloud computing, cloud functions, cloud storage, network services, cloud communication, middleware services, domain name services, security services, content delivery networks (CDN), and big data and artificial intelligence platforms.

[0021] Reference Figure 1 The diagram shown is a flowchart illustrating a flexible commissioning and decommissioning control method for power distribution equipment aimed at green energy conservation and emission reduction, according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the flexible commissioning and decommissioning control method for power distribution equipment aimed at green energy conservation and emission reduction includes: In this embodiment of the invention, the flexible commissioning and decommissioning refers to a control method that dynamically selects and executes the current optimal operation based on a progressive screening rule after conducting multi-dimensional evaluations of the carbon emission reduction potential, distribution network loss changes, and equipment lifespan loss rates of candidate commissioning and decommissioning operations. This method differs from rigid commissioning and decommissioning control based on fixed rules or single threshold triggers, and can adaptively adjust commissioning and decommissioning decisions according to changes in the current operating state of the distribution network, thereby achieving dynamic optimization of green energy conservation targets in commissioning and decommissioning control decisions.

[0022] S1. Perform power flow calculation on the electrical quantity data in the multidimensional dataset of the distribution network under the current operating state to obtain the baseline power flow distribution. The multidimensional dataset refers to a multi-source heterogeneous data set containing electrical quantity data, equipment status data, topology data and carbon emission data. In this embodiment of the invention, the step of performing power flow calculations on the electrical quantity data in the multidimensional dataset of the distribution network under the current operating state to obtain a baseline power flow distribution includes: Based on the measured values ​​of the measuring devices installed at each distribution node in the distribution network at the start of this dispatch cycle, the active power injection and reactive power injection of each distribution node under the current operating state are extracted. Active power injection refers to the active power injected into the distribution network by the power source node or distributed power source. When the distribution node is a pure load node, its active power injection value is zero.

[0023] Reactive power injection refers to the reactive power injected into the distribution network by a power source node or distributed power source. When the distribution node is a pure load node, its reactive power injection value is zero.

[0024] Based on the geographic information system or equipment ledger database of the distribution network, obtain all node numbers, all branch numbers, node numbers connected to both ends of each branch, and voltage level of each branch, thereby forming a network topology describing the connection relationship between nodes and branches of the distribution network.

[0025] In a power distribution network, the impedance parameters of each branch include resistance parameters and reactance parameters. For overhead lines or cable lines, the resistance and reactance parameters are determined by the conductor material, resistance per unit length, reactance per unit length, and line erection method. The conductor material, resistance per unit length, reactance per unit length, and line erection method are obtained from the equipment manufacturer's technical manual or line design documents. The actual length of the line is obtained from a geographic information system or design drawings. The resistance parameter of the branch is obtained by multiplying the resistance per unit length by the actual length of the line, and the reactance parameter of the branch is obtained by multiplying the reactance per unit length by the actual length of the line.

[0026] For a distribution transformer branch, its resistance parameter is determined by the transformer's rated capacity and short-circuit loss, and its reactance parameter is determined by the transformer's rated capacity and short-circuit voltage percentage. The transformer's rated capacity, short-circuit loss, and short-circuit voltage percentage are obtained from the transformer's manufacturer's nameplate parameters. The connection relationship between each distribution node is determined by the node numbers connected to both ends of each branch. When the node numbers at both ends of a branch are respectively node numbers... With nodes When, it indicates a node With nodes There are direct connections between them, and the complete connection relationship between each power distribution node is formed by summing up the endpoint node numbers of all branches.

[0027] Based on the determined distribution network topology, impedance parameters of each branch, and connection relationships of each distribution node, the complex voltage equations of the entire distribution network are established using the nodal voltage method, with the active and reactive power injections of each distribution node as known boundary conditions.

[0028] The complex voltage equation includes the voltage phasors of each distribution node as unknown variables, where the voltage phasors contain two components: voltage magnitude and voltage phase angle. Separating the real and imaginary parts of the complex voltage equation yields a set of nonlinear algebraic equations in real form.

[0029] The nonlinear algebraic equations are solved iteratively. Before iterative solution, the initial values ​​of voltage amplitude and voltage phase angle of each distribution node are set. The initial value of voltage amplitude is set to the rated voltage value of the voltage level of the node, and the initial value of voltage phase angle is set to zero degrees.

[0030] In each iteration, the unbalanced power of each distribution node is calculated based on the current voltage amplitude and voltage phase angle. Then, the voltage amplitude correction and voltage phase angle correction of each distribution node are obtained by solving the correction equation set. The correction is then superimposed on the current voltage amplitude and voltage phase angle to form the updated voltage amplitude and voltage phase angle.

[0031] Repeat the above iterative process until the voltage amplitude correction and voltage phase angle correction of all nodes are less than the preset convergence threshold. The preset convergence threshold is 0.0001, which is determined based on the common convergence accuracy requirements in power flow calculation of distribution networks to ensure that the iteration results meet the accuracy requirements of engineering applications. After the iteration is terminated, the voltage phasor of each distribution node is the voltage phasor solution result of the distribution network under a given operating state.

[0032] The voltage amplitude correction value falls below the 0.0001 convergence threshold near the third iteration, while the voltage phase angle correction value converges more slowly. This convergence continues until the fifth iteration, when both convergence values ​​fall below the threshold, terminating the iteration. This convergence characteristic indicates that the voltage amplitude correction value converges faster than the voltage phase angle correction value. This characteristic stems from the fact that the condition number of the reactive power-voltage amplitude Jacobian submatrix in a radial distribution network is typically superior to that of the active power-voltage phase angle Jacobian submatrix, resulting in a faster convergence rate for the voltage amplitude correction value. This is a unique convergence characteristic of power flow calculations in radial distribution networks.

[0033] By solving the voltage phasor of each distribution node in the distribution network and the node number at both ends of each branch, the voltage phasor of the nodes at both ends of each branch is determined, and then the current phasor of the branch is calculated based on the impedance parameters of the branch. The magnitude of the current phasor is the current magnitude of the branch, and the phase angle of the current phasor is determined by dividing the difference between the voltage phasors at both ends of the branch by the phase angle of the impedance phasor.

[0034] The active and reactive power of a branch can be calculated by using the current amplitude and the phase angle of the voltage phasors at both ends of the branch. The active power of the branch is equal to the product of the current amplitude of the branch, the average of the voltage amplitudes at both ends of the branch, and the cosine of the power factor angle. The power factor angle is the difference between the phase angle of the current phasor of the branch and the arithmetic mean of the phase angles of the voltage phasors at both ends of the branch. This definition is applicable to normal operating conditions where the difference in the phase angles of the voltages at both ends of the branch is small.

[0035] The reactive power of a branch is equal to the product of the current amplitude of that branch, the average voltage amplitude across the branch, and the sine of the power factor angle. The active power, reactive power, and current amplitude of all branches in the distribution network are summarized and arranged in order of branch number to form the baseline power flow distribution of the distribution network.

[0036] Based on the voltage phasor and impedance parameters mentioned above, the active power, reactive power, and current amplitude of each branch are calculated using the following formulas: The formula for calculating the current amplitude is as follows: ; The formula for calculating the active power is as follows: ; The formula for calculating reactive power is as follows: ; In the formula, Indicates the first node is And the end node is The current amplitude of the branch circuit, Represents a node voltage amplitude, Represents a node voltage amplitude, Represents a node voltage phase angle, Represents a node voltage phase angle, This indicates the resistance parameter of the branch. This indicates the reactance parameter of the branch. This represents the power factor angle of the branch. This indicates the active power of the branch. This indicates the reactive power of the branch. It is a cosine function. It is a sine function. This indicates the number of the branch's starting node in the distribution network node number set. This indicates the number of the terminal node of the branch in the distribution network node number set. and All are taken from the node number set of the distribution network, and and These are two different number values.

[0037] In the above three formulas, , , , The voltage phasor results of each distribution node are derived from the aforementioned iterative solution; and The branch impedance parameters are derived from the aforementioned equipment technical manuals or design documents; Obtained through calculations using voltage phasors and impedance parameters, reflecting the node... With nodes Current transfer intensity between them; It is a key angular parameter connecting the current phasor and the power phasor. Its value is equal to the difference between the phase angle of the current phasor of the branch and the arithmetic mean of the phase angles of the voltage phasors at both ends of the branch (using the arithmetic mean of the phase angles of the voltage phasors at both ends of the branch as a reference, which is an engineering approximation). The purpose is to make the calculated power reflect the overall transmission level of the branch and avoid systematic deviations that may be introduced by a single-end reference. This approximation method introduces a systematic positive deviation when the difference in the phase angles of the voltages at both ends of the branch increases, and the deviation increases with the increase of the phase angle difference. This represents the active power transmitted in the branch, and its value is composed of the current amplitude, the average node voltage amplitude, and... The three factors are jointly determined; This represents the reactive power transmitted in the branch, and its value is composed of the current amplitude, the average node voltage amplitude, and... The three factors are jointly determined.

[0038] It should be noted that the active and reactive power formulas mentioned above calculate the average transmission power of the branch, which is used to characterize the overall power transmission level of the branch and serves as a unified benchmark for subsequent carbon flow tracing and power allocation ratio calculations. This is an engineering approximation method for representing branch power. The error in this approximation comes from two aspects: first, the voltage amplitude approximation. Under normal operating conditions of the distribution network, the voltage amplitude deviation between the beginning and end of the branch is usually no more than 5%, and the amplitude approximation error of using the arithmetic average voltage to replace the single-end voltage is within the acceptable range in engineering; second, the voltage phase angle approximation. Using the arithmetic average of the phase angles of the voltage phasors at both ends of the branch as the power factor angle reference benchmark, the calculated result has a systematic positive deviation from the true average power obtained by calculating the arithmetic average of the power at both ends separately. The deviation is approximately... ,in This is the absolute value of the difference in phase angle between the voltages at both ends of the branch. When When the angle is no more than 10°, the deviation is less than 0.4%, which meets the engineering accuracy requirements; when When the angle exceeds 15°, the deviation increases to approximately 0.86%. In this case, it is advisable to use the branch start-up voltage instead. As a reference benchmark, adopt and Perform calculations, where In this alternative formula, the phase angle of the branch current and the phase angle of the head node voltage are redefined. The difference, the single-ended reference formula satisfies The relationship is strict, but the calculation results represent the transmission power at the beginning of the branch rather than the average transmission power. The definition of the reference quantity should be adjusted accordingly in subsequent carbon flow tracing.

[0039] The power conservation in distribution network power flow calculations is guaranteed through convergence of unbalanced power at nodes in the iterative solution stage of the nodal voltage method: during the iteration process, the injected power of each distribution node and the power at the beginning and end of the branch strictly satisfy Kirchhoff's current law, and the power conservation relationship of the entire network holds at convergence. Here, the average power of the branch is used as the input for subsequent analysis because the voltage deviation at the distribution network nodes is relatively small, the power difference between the beginning and end of the branch is limited, and the average power can approximately represent the transmission power level of the branch, meeting the engineering accuracy requirements for carbon flow distribution and emission reduction potential prediction. If strict power conservation verification is required, or if the voltage phase angle difference between the two ends of the branch exceeds 15°, the arithmetic mean can be calculated based on the power at the beginning and end of the branch separately, without affecting the core logic of this method.

[0040] The formula for current amplitude is used to calculate the current amplitude of each branch from the node voltage phasor and branch impedance parameters. The formula for active power is used to calculate the active power transmitted by each branch from the current amplitude, the average node voltage amplitude, and the power factor angle. The formula for reactive power is used to calculate the reactive power transmitted by each branch from the current amplitude, the average node voltage amplitude, and the power factor angle. The three formulas together convert the electrical quantities of node voltage phasors and impedance parameters into power and current distribution data at the branch level. The data are summarized and arranged in the order of branch number, which constitutes the reference power flow distribution of the distribution network.

[0041] S2. Based on the baseline power flow distribution, the real-time carbon emission intensity coefficient of the power nodes in the distribution network and the initial value of the carbon emission flow rate of the load nodes, a carbon flow rate distribution dataset of each branch in the distribution network is generated according to the preset carbon flow tracking rules. In this embodiment of the invention, the step of generating a carbon flow rate distribution dataset for each branch of the distribution network based on the baseline power flow distribution, the real-time carbon emission intensity coefficient of the power generation nodes in the distribution network, and the initial value of the carbon emission flow rate of the load nodes, according to a preset carbon flow tracking rule, includes: Based on the measured values ​​of the carbon emission monitoring terminals installed at each power source node in the distribution network at the start of this scheduling cycle, the real-time carbon emission intensity coefficient of each power source node is obtained. The real-time carbon emission intensity coefficient refers to the amount of carbon dioxide emissions generated for each unit of electricity generated by the power source node.

[0042] For thermal power units, this coefficient is determined by the measured carbon emissions per unit of electricity generated under the current load rate of the unit; for photovoltaic or wind power units, this coefficient is zero.

[0043] Multiply the real-time carbon emission intensity coefficient of the power node by the injected active power of the power node under the current operating state to obtain the total injected carbon flow rate of the power node under the current operating state. The total injected carbon flow rate represents the total carbon emissions injected into the distribution network by the power node per unit time under the current operating state. Perform the above multiplication operation for each power node in the distribution network to obtain the total injected carbon flow rate corresponding to each power node.

[0044] In a power distribution network, power is transmitted from each power source node to the load node along the branches. Based on the network topology, power tracking is performed by taking the power source node as the starting point and the load node as the ending point, traversing each branch and each node step by step along the direction of power flow from the power source node to the load node.

[0045] For any intermediate node, obtain the sum of the injection power carried by all upstream injection branches of that node and the sum of the outflow power carried by all downstream outflow branches of that node.

[0046] At this node, the power of each upstream injection branch is divided according to the proportion of the branch's power to the total injection power. The divided power shares are then allocated to each downstream outflow branch of this node. The power allocated to each downstream outflow branch is equal to the sum of all upstream injection power multiplied by the ratio of the downstream outflow branch's power to the total outflow power.

[0047] The above allocation process is repeated node by node along the power transmission direction until all load nodes in the distribution network are traversed and then terminated.

[0048] Once the above-mentioned hierarchical allocation process covers all power nodes, each branch carries the power allocation from each power node.

[0049] Divide the power allocation from each power node carried by each branch by the injected active power of the corresponding power node to obtain the power allocation ratio of the injected power of that power node in that branch.

[0050] The power allocation ratio of all power supply nodes in all branches is summarized and arranged according to the combination of power supply node number and branch number to obtain the power allocation ratio of the corresponding power transmission path from each power supply node to each load node in the distribution network.

[0051] Based on this power allocation ratio, the total injected carbon flow rate of the power node is distributed downstream along the power transmission path in the same allocation ratio.

[0052] The total injected carbon flow rate starts from the power node and receives a share of carbon emissions equal to the aforementioned power allocation ratio as it passes through each branch. At each intermediate node, all upstream carbon emissions received by that node are distributed downstream according to the downstream branch power allocation ratio of that node, until it terminates at the load node.

[0053] After the above hierarchical allocation, each branch carries carbon emissions allocated from each power node. The total carbon emissions from all power nodes on each branch are summed to obtain the total carbon emissions from each power node carried by that branch.

[0054] For each branch, the carbon emissions from each power node on that branch are summed to obtain the total carbon emissions transmitted by that branch.

[0055] The carbon flow rate per unit power of each branch is equal to the total carbon emissions transmitted by that branch divided by the active power of that branch. The carbon flow rate per unit power represents the amount of carbon emissions carried by that branch for every unit of active power transmitted.

[0056] For each load node in the distribution network, the initial value of the carbon emission flow rate of that load node is used as the verification benchmark value. There are two ways to obtain this initial carbon emission flow rate value: The first is an externally independent acquisition method, which reads the data from the historical statistics and measured data database of the distribution network carbon flow management system. The carbon flow rate data in this database is obtained by statistical processing of the measured values ​​from the carbon emission monitoring terminals installed in the distribution network during historical operating cycles. Its data source is independent of the carbon flow tracing calculation process of this method, and it constitutes an externally independent verification when used as the verification benchmark value. The second is an internally calculated acquisition method, which calculates the carbon flow rate of each load node under the current operating conditions using a carbon flow tracing algorithm (such as the direct matrix solution method based on node carbon potential) that differs from the carbon flow tracing rules in S2, based on the real-time carbon emission intensity coefficient and current power flow distribution of each power node. This calculation result is used as the initial value of the carbon emission flow rate of that load node, and when used as the verification benchmark value, it only constitutes an internal consistency verification, used to verify the correctness of the algorithm implementation of the step-by-step proportional allocation process in S2, and does not have the ability to independently detect errors in the input data. This invention preferentially recommends using the initial carbon emission flow rate obtained by the first external independent acquisition method as the verification benchmark value; when there is a lack of measured data from carbon emission monitoring terminals in the distribution network, the initial value obtained by the second method is used as the verification benchmark value. In this case, the verification deviation only reflects the difference at the algorithm implementation level and does not reflect the accuracy of the input data.

[0057] If a deviation occurs between the cumulative carbon flow rate reaching a load node via each branch and the initial carbon emission flow rate of that load node, the calculation deviation of the branch power allocation coefficient is proportionally corrected, assuming the total injected carbon flow rate on the power supply side is conserved. This allows the calculated carbon flow rate of the load node to gradually approach the verification benchmark value. It should be noted that when the verification benchmark value is a measured value obtained through an externally independent acquisition method, the above deviation correction process simultaneously corrects for input data errors and algorithm implementation deviations. When the verification benchmark value is a calculated value obtained through internal calculation, the above deviation correction process only corrects for the implementation deviation of the S2 step-by-step proportional allocation algorithm relative to the calculation method, and does not involve verifying the accuracy of the input data. This coordination process only adjusts the proportional scaling of the carbon flow rate of each branch, without affecting the distribution of active power or Kirchhoff's laws, and therefore does not violate power conservation.

[0058] The matching termination condition can be a relative deviation threshold. For example, the correction can be terminated when the relative deviation of the cumulative carbon flow rate of all load nodes from the initial value is less than 0.5%. This threshold can be set by those skilled in the art according to the system scale and accuracy requirements. When the verification benchmark value is obtained through internal calculation, the initial deviation is usually small because the verification benchmark value and the value being verified use the same input data. This 0.5% threshold is mainly used to control the implementation accuracy of the step-by-step proportional allocation algorithm relative to the direct matrix solution method. When the verification benchmark value is obtained through external independent acquisition, the initial deviation may contain inherent differences between the measured data and the calculation model. It is advisable to appropriately relax the termination threshold or introduce data quality weights for differentiated matching.

[0059] The deviation correction process maintains the conservation relationship between the total injected carbon flow rate on the power source side and the total carbon flow rate on the load side of the entire distribution network. It only calibrates the distribution calculation deviations caused by topology parameters and measurement errors, without changing the carbon emission intensity input conditions of the power source nodes. The carbon flow rate of each branch after matching is obtained by multiplying its unit power carbon flow rate by its active power. The carbon flow rates of all branches in the distribution network are then aggregated and arranged in order of branch number to obtain the carbon flow rate distribution dataset.

[0060] As another optional implementation of this embodiment, the real-time carbon emission intensity coefficient of each power node can be obtained by using an estimated value based on the power generation plan instead of the real-time measured value. After the distribution network dispatch center obtains the day-ahead power generation plan and the corresponding fuel consumption plan of each power node, the average carbon emission intensity coefficient for that period is determined according to the power generation and fuel consumption in each unit time period in the power generation plan. This average value is used as the real-time carbon emission intensity coefficient of each power node in the dispatch cycle. This method is suitable for distribution network scenarios where carbon emission monitoring data cannot be obtained in real time. Power generation plan data is used as an alternative data source to ensure that the carbon flow tracking process can still obtain reliable input parameters.

[0061] As another optional implementation of this embodiment, in the process of distributing the total injected carbon flow rate downstream step by step along the power transmission path, the determination of the power allocation ratio at intermediate nodes can adopt an equivalent substitution method of node carbon potential. At each intermediate node, the total injected carbon emissions of the node are divided by the total injected power of the node to obtain the node carbon potential of the node. Then, the node carbon potential of the node is used as a uniform allocation ratio to allocate to all downstream outflow branches of the node, instead of allocating according to the power ratio of each downstream outflow branch. This method is suitable for scenarios where there are many downstream branches of the node and the power difference between each branch is small. It can significantly reduce the amount of calculation in the step-by-step allocation process without significantly affecting the carbon flow tracking accuracy.

[0062] S3. Based on the baseline power flow distribution and the carbon flow rate distribution dataset, enumerate the candidate commissioning and decommissioning operations of the power distribution equipment that can be commissioned and decommissioned in the power distribution network, generate a candidate commissioning and decommissioning operation set, and traverse and extract the carbon emission reduction potential estimate corresponding to the execution of the candidate commissioning and decommissioning operation set. In this embodiment of the invention, the step of enumerating candidate commissioning and decommissioning operations for power distribution equipment in the distribution network based on the baseline power flow distribution and the carbon flow rate distribution dataset, generating a candidate commissioning and decommissioning operation set, and traversing to extract the carbon emission reduction potential estimate corresponding to the execution of the candidate commissioning and decommissioning operations in the candidate commissioning and decommissioning operation set includes: Based on the current activation / deactivation status identifier uploaded by the monitoring terminal of each activatable / deactivable power distribution equipment in the power distribution network, the current activation / deactivation status identifier value of each activatable / deactivable power distribution equipment is read. The current activation / deactivation status identifier is a binary status quantity, and its value is either the activated state or the deactivated state.

[0063] For devices currently in the "in" state, mark them as eligible for an exit operation; for devices currently in the "out" state, mark them as eligible for an entry operation. For each device marked as eligible for an exit operation, generate an operation record containing the device number and the exit action type; for each device marked as eligible for an entry operation, generate an operation record containing the device number and the entry action type; combine all operation records to form a candidate entry / exit operation set.

[0064] For each candidate commissioning / decommissioning operation in the candidate commissioning / decommissioning operation set, the first and last node numbers connected to the equipment are retrieved from the equipment ledger database based on the equipment number included in the operation. Commissioning / decommissioning power distribution equipment is divided into two categories: series equipment and parallel equipment. Series equipment includes distribution transformers and flexible interconnection devices, while parallel equipment includes parallel capacitors and parallel reactors.

[0065] For series-connected devices, if the action type is "exit", the branch connection relationship between the current connected first and last nodes of the device is removed from the distribution network topology. If the action type is "connection", the corresponding branch connection relationship of the device is added to the distribution network topology.

[0066] For parallel-connected equipment, which is connected between a single node and the reference ground, the connection relationship between the branches between nodes is not changed during the activation and deactivation operations. If the action type is deactivation, the rated reactive power injection amount of the equipment is deducted from the parallel reactive power injection of the corresponding node. If the action type is activation, the rated reactive power injection amount of the equipment is added to the parallel reactive power injection of the corresponding node.

[0067] After the above-mentioned topology adjustment or node injection parameter adjustment is applied to the current distribution network operation state, the corresponding operation boundary conditions of the candidate operation are formed, which is the way the distribution network operation state changes after the implementation of the candidate operation.

[0068] The set of branches in the distribution network that will change after the candidate commissioning / discharging operation is determined based on the mode of change in operating status.

[0069] Using the current active power of each branch recorded in the baseline power flow distribution as the initial state, and based on the adjusted topology and node injection parameters, the power flow of the entire network is recalculated according to Kirchhoff's laws to obtain the active power value of each branch after the candidate deployment / removal operation is implemented. The difference between the recalculated active power of each branch and the corresponding active power value of the branch in the baseline power flow distribution is the change in active power of that branch.

[0070] After traversing all candidate enable / disable operations, each candidate enable / disable operation corresponds to a set of active power changes for each branch.

[0071] Using the unit power carbon flow rate of each branch at the baseline operating point as the carbon flow sensitivity coefficient, the active power change of each branch is converted into the corresponding carbon flow rate change prediction using a linear approximation method. The conversion process is to multiply the active power change of each branch by the unit power carbon flow rate of that branch to obtain the carbon flow rate change prediction of that branch.

[0072] This linear approximation method is suitable for scenarios where the power flow fluctuation caused by the commissioning and decommissioning operations is relatively small. When the maximum absolute value of the change in active power of each branch caused by the candidate commissioning and decommissioning operation exceeds 30% of the baseline active power of that branch, it is determined to be a large topology change scenario. This threshold is an engineering experience value determined by those skilled in the art based on the applicable boundary of conventional linearization approximation.

[0073] If the candidate operation belongs to a large topology change scenario, the unit power carbon flow rate can be iteratively updated based on the recalculated power flow distribution and a second correction can be made on the basis of the first round of linear prediction to improve the prediction accuracy.

[0074] The predicted carbon flow rate changes of all branches are algebraically summed, and positive and negative values ​​are canceled out to obtain the total carbon flow rate change corresponding to the candidate commissioning / retreat operation. A positive total carbon flow rate change indicates an expected increase in carbon emissions, while a negative change indicates an expected decrease in carbon emissions. This total carbon flow rate change is used as the carbon emission reduction potential estimate corresponding to the candidate commissioning / retreat operation. It should be noted that the carbon emission reduction potential estimate is a relative ranking index obtained by algebraically summing the carbon flow rate changes of each branch, and its value is not directly equivalent to the absolute change in system carbon emissions. The absolute change in system carbon emissions is equal to the product of the carbon emission intensity coefficient on the power source side and the change in network loss across the entire network (in the case of a single power source access). In the case of a single power source access and the branches affected by each candidate operation are located close to each other in the network topology and have similar loss change distribution characteristics, this relative ranking index is close to the ranking result based on the absolute carbon emission change. When the loss change distribution of different operations differs greatly, the ranking index may deviate from the ranking result based on the absolute carbon emission change.

[0075] During the same process of extracting the estimated carbon reduction potential, three parallel calculations are performed simultaneously.

[0076] First, based on the change in active power of each branch, the sensitivity relationship between the node voltage amplitude and the node injected power is adopted. The change in active power of each branch is converted to the change in injected power of the corresponding node, multiplied by the voltage sensitivity value of the node at the current operating point, to obtain the change in voltage amplitude of each distribution node. The estimated voltage amplitude of each distribution node is obtained by adding it to the current voltage amplitude.

[0077] Second, the changes in active power of each branch are summarized, and the total change in distribution network loss is calculated using the incremental summation method. Specifically, the change in network loss for each branch is equal to the difference between the square of the active power before and after the branch's commissioning / discharging operation, multiplied by the branch's resistance parameter, and then divided by the product of the square of the average voltage amplitude across the branch and the square of the cosine of the power factor angle. The sum of all branch network loss changes yields the estimated change in distribution network loss. The average voltage amplitude and the cosine of the power factor angle are taken from the values ​​at the baseline operating point before the commissioning / discharging operation, serving as a reference for linear approximation. This formula uses the voltage and power factor angle at the baseline operating point before the operation as a reference, suitable for scenarios where the power flow fluctuations caused by commissioning / discharging operations are small. When the change in active power exceeds 30% of the baseline value, a secondary correction should be made based on the recalculated power flow distribution iteratively updated to the voltage and power factor angle.

[0078] Third, read the cumulative number of operations and the maximum number of operations allowed by design for each power distribution equipment from the equipment management database. The cumulative number of operations refers to the total number of times the equipment has been put into operation since it was put into service. The maximum number of operations allowed by design is determined by the equipment manufacturer during the factory test and recorded in the equipment's technical manual. Divide the cumulative number of operations by the maximum number of operations allowed by design to obtain the mechanical operating life loss component.

[0079] The time-related aging life loss component is obtained by comparing the equipment's operational time with its designed service life. The mechanical operation life loss component and the time-related aging life loss component are then weighted and summed according to preset weighting coefficients to obtain the estimated equipment life loss rate.

[0080] The preset weighting coefficients are set according to the equipment type and operating environment; the weighting coefficient for the mechanical operation life loss component ranges from 0.7 to 0.9, and the weighting coefficient for the time aging life loss component is 1 minus the weighting coefficient for the mechanical operation life loss component. For equipment such as parallel capacitors that are frequently connected and disconnected, the weighting coefficient for the mechanical operation life loss component is set to a larger value, ranging from 0.85 to 0.9.

[0081] For equipment such as distribution transformers that are not frequently switched on or off, the weighting coefficient of the mechanical operating life wear component can be appropriately reduced, with a value ranging from 0.7 to 0.8. The specific value can be determined by those skilled in the art based on the actual operating records and maintenance strategies of the equipment.

[0082] The minimum estimated carbon reduction potential is -9.588 kgCO2 / h, the minimum estimated distribution network loss change is -11.28 kW, and the estimated equipment lifespan loss rate ranges from 0.192 to 0.826. The minimum value of 0.192 corresponds to candidate operation 3 (the distribution transformer connected to node 3, with a low cumulative number of operations and a short commissioning time), while the maximum value of 0.826 corresponds to candidate operation 14 (the distribution transformer at node 14 is decommissioned, with a high cumulative number of operations and a long commissioning time). The estimated equipment lifespan loss rate for candidate operation 14 exceeds the upper limit threshold, the estimated voltage amplitude for candidate operation 9 exceeds the limit at some nodes, and the cumulative number of operations for candidate operation 11 exceeds the maximum allowable number of operations threshold. Candidate operation 15 to candidate operation 19 have large negative absolute values ​​for their estimated carbon reduction potential.

[0083] As another optional implementation of this embodiment, the calculation of the aforementioned changes in active power of each branch can be carried out using an equivalent substitution method based on changes in branch current. Using the current amplitude of each branch recorded in the reference power flow distribution as the initial state, the current distribution of each branch is redistributed according to the changed topology to obtain the changed current amplitude of each branch. The changed current amplitude is subtracted from the current amplitude in the reference power flow distribution to obtain the change in current of each branch. Then, the change in current of each branch is multiplied by the product of the rated voltage of the corresponding branch and the cosine of the power factor angle to calculate the change in active power of each branch. In this substitution method, the rated voltage is used instead of the average voltage. Under normal operating conditions with small node voltage deviations, the error between the two voltage references is within an acceptable range for engineering. When there is a large voltage deviation in the distribution network, the average voltage in the main method should be used as the calculation reference.

[0084] As another optional implementation of this embodiment, the algebraic summation of the aforementioned total carbon flow rate change can be replaced by an equivalent alternative method based on the summation of positive and negative carbon flow rate changes by region. First, the sum of positive changes in all branches with positive predicted carbon flow rate changes is summarized, and the sum of the absolute values ​​of negative changes in all branches with negative predicted carbon flow rate changes is summarized. Then, the sum of positive changes is compared with the sum of absolute values ​​of negative changes. If the sum of absolute values ​​of negative changes is greater than the sum of positive changes, it is determined that the candidate operation is expected to reduce carbon emissions. The difference is the absolute value of the total carbon flow rate change, and the negative value of the difference is the estimated carbon emission reduction potential.

[0085] S4. Using the estimated carbon emission reduction potential as the primary priority evaluation indicator, construct the feasibility screening rules for the candidate investment and withdrawal operations, and select the effective candidate set from the candidate investment and withdrawal operation set; In this embodiment of the invention, the step of constructing feasibility screening rules for the candidate investment and withdrawal operations, using the estimated carbon emission reduction potential as the primary priority evaluation indicator, and selecting an effective candidate set from the candidate investment and withdrawal operation set, includes: Based on the carbon emission reduction potential estimate corresponding to each candidate operation in the candidate operation set, the sign of the carbon emission reduction potential estimate is determined one by one. If the carbon emission reduction potential estimate of a candidate operation is positive, it indicates that the total carbon emissions of the distribution network are expected to increase after the operation is executed, and the candidate operation is removed from the candidate operation set. If the carbon emission reduction potential estimate of a candidate operation meets the negative value condition, it indicates that the total carbon emissions of the distribution network are expected to decrease after the operation is executed, and the candidate operation is retained in the candidate operation set after removal.

[0086] For each candidate investment or withdrawal operation in the removed candidate investment or withdrawal operation set whose estimated carbon emission reduction potential meets the negative value condition, the following three verifications are performed.

[0087] The first verification item is the voltage compliance verification. The upper and lower limits of the voltage compliance are determined according to the allowable operating voltage range of each voltage level specified in the distribution network operation regulations. The upper limit of the voltage compliance is taken as 107% of the rated voltage value of the voltage level where the node is located, and the lower limit of the voltage compliance is taken as 93% of the rated voltage value of the voltage level where the node is located. These values ​​are determined according to the provisions in the distribution network operation regulations that the voltage deviation shall not exceed +7% and -7% of the rated voltage.

[0088] The estimated voltage amplitude of each distribution node corresponding to the candidate commissioning / rejection operation is compared with the upper and lower limits of the voltage qualification. If the estimated voltage amplitude of all nodes is within the range defined by the lower and upper limits of the voltage qualification, the candidate commissioning / rejection operation passes the voltage qualification verification.

[0089] The second verification is the cumulative number of operations. The maximum permissible number of operations threshold is determined based on the design-permissible number of operations specified in the technical manual of each switchable distribution equipment. This design-permissible number of operations is determined by the equipment manufacturer during factory testing based on the design life of the equipment's mechanical operating mechanism. For distribution transformers, this threshold is 10,000 operations; for parallel capacitors, it is 5,000 operations; and for flexible interconnection devices, it is 20,000 operations. The difference in thresholds for different equipment types stems from the different structural forms of their respective operating mechanisms and the fatigue characteristics of their materials. Here, the cumulative number of operations refers to the number of operations of the circuit breakers or load switches equipped with the switchable distribution transformer, not the number of adjustments made by the transformer's on-load tap changer.

[0090] The cumulative number of actions of the power distribution equipment corresponding to the candidate commissioning / decommissioning operation is compared with the threshold of the maximum number of actions allowed for the same type of equipment. If the cumulative number of actions does not exceed the threshold, the candidate commissioning / decommissioning operation passes the cumulative number of actions verification.

[0091] The third verification is the lifespan attrition rate verification. The upper limit threshold for the lifespan attrition rate is determined based on the equipment maintenance plan triggering conditions specified in the equipment management procedures. When the estimated lifespan attrition rate exceeds this upper limit threshold, it indicates that the equipment has reached the lifespan attrition level that requires inclusion in the maintenance plan. This threshold is set to 0.8, meaning that the equipment is considered to be in a usable state when the estimated lifespan attrition rate does not exceed 80%. This value is determined based on the requirement in the equipment management procedures that the equipment should be included in the maintenance plan when the cumulative number of operations reaches 80% of the maximum allowable number of operations.

[0092] The estimated equipment life loss rate corresponding to the candidate commissioning / discontinuation operation is compared with the upper limit threshold of the life loss rate. If the estimated equipment life loss rate does not exceed the upper limit threshold, the candidate commissioning / discontinuation operation passes the life loss rate verification.

[0093] The verification results are as follows: Candidate operation 9 (exiting the distribution transformer at node 9) has an estimated voltage amplitude of 0.927 per unit at node 18, which is lower than the lower limit for voltage qualification and therefore fails the voltage qualification verification; Candidate operation 14 (exiting the distribution transformer at node 14) has an estimated equipment lifespan loss rate of 0.826, exceeding the upper limit threshold of 0.8, and therefore fails the lifespan loss rate verification; Candidate operation 11 (connecting the parallel capacitor at node 11) has a cumulative number of actions of 5400, exceeding the maximum allowable number of actions threshold of 5000 for the parallel capacitor, and therefore fails the cumulative action count verification (the cumulative number of actions is an equipment attribute and is unrelated to the operation direction, so this candidate operation can still be eliminated). These three candidate operations are removed, leaving 15 candidate operations forming the valid candidate set.

[0094] After removing candidate commissioning / restarting operations, those that pass the voltage qualification verification, cumulative action count verification, and lifespan loss rate verification will be retained, while those that fail any of these verifications will be removed. The final retained candidate commissioning / restarting operations constitute the valid candidate set. Each candidate commissioning / restarting operation in the valid candidate set must simultaneously meet four conditions: negative carbon emission reduction potential, qualified estimated voltage amplitude at each distribution node, no excess cumulative action count, and no excess remaining lifespan loss rate of the equipment.

[0095] S5. In the effective candidate set, select the candidate operation with the largest absolute value of the carbon emission reduction potential estimate as the optimal operation, and generate the flexible operation control command for the power distribution equipment that can be operated and deactivated based on the optimal operation.

[0096] In this embodiment of the invention, selecting the candidate operation with the largest absolute value of the carbon emission reduction potential estimate from the valid candidate set as the optimal operation, and generating a flexible operation control command for the operable power distribution equipment based on the optimal operation, includes: For each candidate commissioning / retreating operation in the valid candidate set, read the carbon emission reduction potential estimate corresponding to the candidate commissioning / retreating operation. If the value is negative, it means that the operation is expected to reduce the total carbon emissions of the distribution network.

[0097] Assuming all carbon emission reduction potential estimates are negative, the negative absolute value refers to the magnitude of the absolute value. The largest negative absolute value indicates that the value is furthest from zero, meaning it is the smallest among all negative values. For example, among -1, -3, and -5, -5 has the largest negative absolute value. The process iterates through all candidate deployment and withdrawal operations in the valid candidate set, comparing the negative absolute values ​​of the carbon emission reduction potential estimates for each operation. The operation with the largest negative absolute value is marked as the optimal operation.

[0098] If only one candidate throw / return operation has the largest negative absolute value during the comparison process, then that candidate throw / return operation is directly determined as the optimal operation, and subsequent progressive comparison steps will not be executed.

[0099] If multiple candidate investment and withdrawal operations in the effective candidate set have the same maximum absolute value of the carbon emission reduction potential estimate, then these candidate investment and withdrawal operations are tied for best in terms of carbon emission reduction effect.

[0100] In this case, the estimated value of the distribution network loss change corresponding to each of these candidate commissioning and decommissioning operations is read. The estimated value of the distribution network loss change represents the expected change in the total distribution network loss relative to the current state after the execution of the candidate commissioning and decommissioning operation. The value can be positive or negative. The smaller the value, the more beneficial the operation is to reducing the operating loss of the distribution network.

[0101] Multiple candidate commissioning / rejection operations with the same maximum negative absolute value are arranged in ascending order of their respective distribution network loss change estimates. The candidate commissioning / rejection operation with the smallest distribution network loss change estimate is selected to replace the currently marked optimal operation.

[0102] After this round of comparison, if only one candidate operation for commissioning or decommissioning has the smallest estimated change in distribution network loss, then that candidate operation for commissioning or decommissioning is determined as the optimal operation, and subsequent progressive comparison steps will not be executed.

[0103] If, after comparing the estimated changes in distribution network losses, multiple candidate commissioning / retreating operations still have the same estimated changes in distribution network losses, then these candidate commissioning / retreating operations are tied for best in both carbon emission reduction and network loss reduction.

[0104] At this point, the estimated equipment life loss rate corresponding to each of these candidate commissioning / decommissioning operations is further read. The estimated equipment life loss rate represents the degree of loss of the remaining service life of the commissionable / decommissionable power distribution equipment after the execution of the candidate commissioning / decommissioning operation relative to the design service life. Its value is between 0 and 1. The lower the value, the less the operation consumes the equipment life.

[0105] Multiple candidate commissioning / removal operations with the same estimated value of distribution network loss change are arranged in ascending order of their respective estimated equipment life loss rate. The candidate commissioning / removal operation with the lowest estimated equipment life loss rate is selected to replace the currently marked optimal operation.

[0106] The optimal operation determined after the above progressive comparison has its device number and action type pre-recorded in the candidate commissioning / decommissioning operation set; the device number is a unique identification code for each commissionable and decommissionable power distribution device in the power distribution network, used to identify the device's identity in the power distribution network.

[0107] The action types include two categories: activation and deactivation. Based on the device number of the optimal operation, the address of the corresponding actuator is retrieved from the distribution network's device management database. The device number, action type, and actuator address of the optimal operation are then combined into a complete flexible activation / deactivation control command.

[0108] The flexible activation / deactivation control command is sent to the actuator corresponding to the actuator address via the power distribution network's communication network, enabling the actuator to complete the activation or deactivation operation of the target equipment according to the action type.

[0109] This embodiment is based on the IEEE 33-node distribution system case study data, and on this basis, capacitors and distribution transformers are added as optional equipment for verification.

[0110] The IEEE 33-node distribution system is a standard test system widely used in the field of distribution network research. Its rated voltage is 12.66kV, the system base capacity is 10MVA, and the network topology is a radial structure, containing 33 nodes (including 1 power node and 32 distribution nodes) and 32 branches.

[0111] The system contains three parallel capacitors that can be switched on and off, connected to nodes 11, 17, and 29 respectively, with rated reactive power injection of 0.6 Mvar, 0.4 Mvar, and 0.3 Mvar. These parallel capacitors were added in this embodiment to verify the invention's unified decision-making capability for multiple types of switching on and off devices, and are not part of the original configuration of the IEEE 33-node standard example. Since the topology and load data of the standard example are recognized as reproducible benchmark data in the field of distribution network research, this embodiment is based on the topology and load data of the IEEE 33-node standard example, and uses the power flow calculation results after adding three parallel capacitors (all in the off state) as the benchmark operating point.

[0112] For ease of explanation, the power supply node is numbered 0, located at the beginning of the system, and connected to the upper-level power grid through a step-down transformer. The remaining distribution nodes are numbered 1 to 32 and undertake load functions.

[0113] At the start of this scheduling cycle, the active power injection and reactive power injection of each node are read from the measuring devices installed at each distribution node. Node 0 is the balancing node, and its voltage amplitude is set to 1.0 per unit value and the voltage phase angle is set to 0 degrees.

[0114] The active and reactive loads of the remaining nodes are determined based on the IEEE 33-node standard example data, with a total active load of 3.715MW and a total reactive load of 2.300Mvar.

[0115] Meanwhile, the real-time carbon emission intensity coefficient of each power node is obtained from the carbon emission monitoring terminal installed at each power node. In this embodiment, the carbon emission intensity coefficient of the equivalent power source of the upstream power grid is taken as 0.85 kg / kWh.

[0116] Following step S1, based on the network topology of the distribution network and the impedance parameters of each branch, the active and reactive power injections at each distribution node are used as boundary conditions. The complex voltage equations of the entire distribution network are established using the nodal voltage method and solved iteratively.

[0117] The convergence threshold for the iterative solution is set to 0.0001. After 5 iterations, the voltage amplitude correction and voltage phase angle correction of each node are both less than the convergence threshold, the iteration terminates, and the voltage phasor solution results of each distribution node are obtained.

[0118] Taking node 8 as an example, its voltage amplitude is 0.951 per unit and its voltage phase angle is -3.72 degrees. Taking the original power flow results of the standard example (before the addition of capacitors) as an example, the voltage amplitude of node 14 is 0.929 per unit and its voltage phase angle is -6.14 degrees. This voltage value is slightly lower than the lower limit of voltage compliance of 0.93 per unit, which is the inherent voltage characteristic of the IEEE 33-node standard example before the addition of capacitors. In this embodiment, the original power flow results of the standard example are used as the reference operating point, and its voltage compliance is not retrospectively evaluated. The estimated voltage amplitude after the candidate operation is implemented is based on the reference state as the starting point. The voltage compliance verification in step S4 is for the estimated voltage, not the reference voltage. Based on the voltage phasor of each node and the impedance parameters of each branch, the active power, reactive power and current amplitude of each branch are calculated and summarized in the order of branch number to form the reference power flow distribution. In the baseline power flow distribution, the active power transmitted by branch 1-2 is 3.917MW, the active power transmitted by branch 7-8 is 0.893MW, and the active power transmitted by branch 16-17 is 0.150MW (recalculated based on uncompensated power flow). This embodiment uses the operating state when all three parallel capacitors are disconnected as the baseline operating point. In the standard calculation, the voltage of some end nodes is lower than the acceptable lower limit under uncompensated conditions, which is an inherent voltage characteristic of the IEEE 33-node standard calculation. The estimated voltage amplitude after the candidate operation is implemented is based on the baseline state as the reference starting point. The voltage qualification check in step S4 is for the estimated voltage, not the baseline voltage.

[0119] Following step S2, the real-time carbon emission intensity coefficient of the power node (0.85 kg / kWh) is multiplied by the injected active power of the power node (3.917 MW) to obtain the total injected carbon flow rate of the power node (3329.45 kgCO2 / h).

[0120] Based on the directional nature of power transmission in the distribution network, starting from the power source node, the system traverses each branch and intermediate distribution node level by level along the power transmission direction. The total injected carbon flow rate is distributed downstream level by level according to the power distribution ratio of each branch to obtain the carbon emissions from the power source node carried by each branch. Then, the carbon emissions passing through the same branch are accumulated to obtain the total transmitted carbon emissions of each branch, and finally, the carbon flow rate per unit power of each branch is calculated.

[0121] Taking branch 7-8 as an example, its total carbon emission transmission is 759 kgCO2 / h, its active power is 0.893MW, and its carbon flow rate per unit power is 0.85kg / kWh.

[0122] Taking branch 16-17 as an example, its total carbon emission is 127.5 kgCO2 / h, its active power is 0.150MW, and its carbon flow rate per unit power is 0.85kg / kWh.

[0123] This embodiment uses a single-source access IEEE 33-node system for verification. All branch carbon flow rates per unit power are consistent with the power source's carbon emission intensity coefficient, resulting in carbon flow tracking degrading to a uniform distribution. This embodiment represents a single-source access scenario. Under the condition of single-source access and candidate operations affecting branch sets in similar locations, the estimated carbon reduction potential value is nearly consistent with the result of multiplying the distribution network loss change by the carbon emission intensity coefficient; the two values ​​are approximately self-consistent. This scenario is sufficient to verify the core technical functions of this invention in calculating the estimated carbon reduction potential and the progressive decision-making framework. In a multi-source access scenario, the carbon flow rate per unit power of each branch exhibits a differentiated distribution depending on the power source's contribution ratio. The estimated carbon reduction potential value is no longer fixed in proportion to the network loss change, but only serves as a relative ranking indicator among candidate commissioning and decommissioning operations.

[0124] In scenarios with multiple power sources, the carbon flow rate per unit power of each branch will exhibit a differentiated distribution depending on the contribution ratio of the power source. The proportional sharing principle of the carbon flow tracking rule will fully leverage its technical effect of distinguishing the carbon emission contributions of different power sources.

[0125] The carbon flow rate per unit power of each branch is multiplied by the active power of the corresponding branch to obtain the carbon flow rate of each branch. The carbon flow rate distribution dataset is obtained by summarizing and arranging the data in the order of branch number.

[0126] According to step S3, based on the current activation / deactivation status identifier of the power distribution equipment that can be activated / deactivated in the power distribution network, the equipment whose current activation / deactivation status identifier is in the activated state is marked as eligible for deactivation operation, and the equipment whose current activation / deactivation status identifier is in the deactivated state is marked as eligible for activation operation. For each type of operation that is currently allowed to be executed by the equipment, a corresponding operation record is generated one by one, and the records are combined to form a candidate activation / deactivation operation set.

[0127] In this embodiment, the parallel capacitor at node 11 is currently in an off state and is marked as ready for activation; the parallel capacitor at node 17 is currently in an off state and is marked as ready for activation; the parallel capacitor at node 29 is currently in an off state and is marked as ready for activation. This embodiment has a total of 24 activatable / deactivateable power distribution devices, including the three parallel capacitors at nodes 11, 17, and 29, and 21 distribution transformers (one of which is a dual-power supply redundancy configuration transformer with two power supply circuits, a main circuit and a backup circuit; currently, the main circuit is activated and the backup circuit is deactivated, generating only a candidate operation to deactivate the main circuit; the remaining 20 are distribution transformers with a single activation / deactivation direction). In this embodiment, all 21 distribution transformers are in the activated state.

[0128] The aforementioned 21 distribution transformers are connected to distribution nodes in the IEEE 33-node system, excluding the power supply nodes and the nodes containing the three parallel capacitors. Their rated capacity is set according to the specifications of commonly used distribution transformers in distribution networks, and they are connected in series. Their current on / off status is set according to the operating conditions of the standard calculation example. In this embodiment, the 21 transformers are connected to nodes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, and 23.

[0129] Based on the current commissioning / decommissioning status of each device, one candidate commissioning / decommissioning operation is generated for each of the 24 devices, resulting in a total of 24 candidate operations, numbered from Candidate Operation 1 to Candidate Operation 24. The correspondence between each candidate operation and the device is shown in the table below:

[0130] Among the 21 distribution transformers, the transformer at node 3 (candidate operation 3) has a shorter commissioning time and a lower cumulative number of operations, while the transformer at node 14 (candidate operation 14) has a longer commissioning time and a higher cumulative number of operations.

[0131] For each candidate commissioning / discharging operation in the candidate operation set, taking candidate operation 17 as an example, this operation is to commission the parallel capacitor at node 17. Based on the equipment number and action type corresponding to this operation, the change of operating boundary conditions is deduced. Since the parallel capacitor is a parallel type of equipment, the commissioning / discharging operation does not change the branch connection relationship between nodes. Therefore, the rated reactive power injection of the equipment at node 17, 0.4 Mvar, is superimposed on the parallel injected reactive power of the corresponding node to form the change mode of the distribution network operation status after the candidate operation is implemented.

[0132] Based on this change pattern, the power distribution of the baseline power flow is redistributed to the branches to obtain the change in active power of each branch. Using the carbon flow rate per unit power of each branch at the baseline operating point as the carbon flow sensitivity relationship, the change in active power of each branch is converted into the corresponding predicted change in carbon flow rate. Then, the predicted changes in carbon flow rate of all branches are algebraically summed to obtain the total change in carbon flow rate corresponding to candidate operation 17, which is -9.588 kgCO2 / h. This indicates that the operation is expected to reduce carbon emissions, and this total change in carbon flow rate is used as the estimated carbon emission reduction potential of candidate operation 17.

[0133] Simultaneously, three parallel calculations are performed: First, the sensitivity relationship between node voltage amplitude and node injected power is used to obtain the estimated voltage amplitude of each distribution node after the implementation of candidate operation 17. Second, the network loss increment is calculated by superimposing the change in active power to obtain the estimated value of the distribution network loss change corresponding to candidate operation 17 as -11.28kW, indicating that the operation is expected to reduce network loss. Third, based on the cumulative number of operations of the equipment (3200 times) and the maximum allowable number of operations (5000 times), the mechanical operation life loss component is 0.64. Taking a mechanical weighting coefficient of 0.85, the mechanical loss weighting value is 0.544. The time aging life loss component is weighted (multiplied by a weighting coefficient of 0.15) to 0.004. The two are added together to obtain the estimated value of the equipment life loss rate corresponding to candidate operation 17 as 0.548.

[0134] After traversing all 24 candidate commissioning and decommissioning operations, each candidate operation corresponds to a set of carbon emission reduction potential estimates, distribution network loss change estimates, and equipment lifespan loss rate estimates.

[0135] According to step S4, based on the carbon emission reduction potential estimate corresponding to each candidate investment and withdrawal operation in the candidate investment and withdrawal operation set, determine the numerical sign of the carbon emission reduction potential estimate one by one.

[0136] Candidate operation 17 has a carbon reduction potential estimate of -9.588, which is negative, indicating that the operation is expected to reduce carbon emissions. Therefore, it is retained in the post-removal candidate operation set. After this round of removal, 18 of the 24 candidate operation options have negative carbon reduction potential estimates, while 6 with positive estimates were removed. For each of the 18 candidate operations in the post-removal candidate operation set, three verifications are performed.

[0137] Taking candidate operation 17 as an example, the estimated voltage amplitude of each distribution node is compared with the upper and lower limits of the voltage qualification. The estimated voltage amplitude of each distribution node is within the qualified range, thus passing the voltage qualification verification. The cumulative number of operations of this equipment is 3200, which is less than the maximum allowable number of operations threshold of 5000 for parallel capacitors, thus passing the cumulative number of operations verification. The estimated equipment life loss rate of this equipment is 0.548, which is less than the upper limit threshold of life loss rate of 0.8, thus passing the life loss rate verification. Candidate operation 17 passes all three verifications and is retained. Among the 18 candidate operations with negative carbon emission reduction potential, candidate operation 9 (removing the distribution transformer at node 9) had an estimated voltage amplitude that dropped to 0.927 per unit at node 18, below the lower limit of voltage qualification of 0.93 (93% of the rated voltage of 12.66kV), and was therefore eliminated. Candidate operation 14 (removing the distribution transformer at node 14) had an estimated equipment lifespan loss rate of 0.826, exceeding the upper limit of lifespan loss rate of 0.8, and was therefore eliminated. Candidate operation 11 (connecting the parallel capacitor at node 11) had a cumulative number of actions of 5400, exceeding the maximum allowable number of actions for the parallel capacitor of 5000, and was therefore eliminated. Ultimately, 3 of the 18 candidate operations with negative carbon emission reduction potential failed the verification and were eliminated, leaving 15 candidate operations forming the valid candidate set.

[0138] Following step S5, in the effective candidate set, the candidate operation with the largest absolute value of the carbon emission reduction potential estimate is selected as the optimal operation.

[0139] The estimated carbon reduction potential of the 15 candidate intervention / withdrawal operations in the valid candidate set ranges from -1.2 to -9.588. Among them, candidate operation 17 has the largest negative absolute value of -9.588, and is marked as the optimal operation. Since only one candidate operation has the largest negative absolute value, subsequent progressive comparison steps will not be performed.

[0140] Based on the device number and action type corresponding to the optimal operation, the address of the actuator corresponding to the device is read from the device management database of the distribution network. The device number, action type and actuator address of the optimal operation are combined into a complete flexible activation / deactivation control command, which is sent to the actuator via the communication network of the distribution network. The actuator completes the activation operation of the parallel capacitor at node 17 according to the activation action type.

[0141] After the implementation of this operation, the distribution network loss is expected to be reduced by 11.28 kW. Based on the carbon emission intensity coefficient of 0.85 kg / kWh on the power supply side, the system carbon emissions are expected to be reduced by approximately 9.59 kgCO2 / h. The node voltages are all kept within the qualified range, and the equipment life loss rate is within the allowable range. This achieves the effective execution of the green energy conservation and emission reduction target in the decision-making process for commissioning and decommissioning.

[0142] The above embodiments verify the reproducibility and effectiveness of the method of the present invention in standard power distribution systems.

[0143] like Figure 2 The diagram shown is a functional block diagram of a flexible power distribution equipment commissioning and decommissioning control system for green energy conservation provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0144] The flexible power distribution equipment commissioning and decommissioning control system 100 for green energy conservation and emission reduction described in this invention can be installed in an electronic device. Depending on the functions implemented, the flexible commissioning and decommissioning control system 100 may include a baseline power flow acquisition module 101, a carbon flow distribution analysis module 102, a green potential assessment module 103, a multi-constraint screening module 104, and a green optimal decision-making module 105. The modules described in this invention can also be referred to as units, which are a series of computer program segments that can be executed by the processor of an electronic device and can perform a fixed function, stored in the memory of the electronic device.

[0145] In this embodiment, the functions of each module / unit are as follows: The reference power flow acquisition module 101 is used to perform power flow calculation on the electrical quantity data in the multidimensional dataset of the distribution network under the current operating state to obtain the reference power flow distribution. The multidimensional dataset includes electrical quantity data, equipment status data, topology data and carbon emission data. The carbon flow distribution analysis module 102 is used to generate a carbon flow rate distribution dataset for each branch in the distribution network based on the baseline power flow distribution, the real-time carbon emission intensity coefficient of the power nodes in the distribution network and the initial value of the carbon emission flow rate of the load nodes, according to a preset carbon flow tracking rule. The green potential assessment module 103 is used to enumerate candidate commissioning and decommissioning operations of power distribution equipment that can be commissioned and decommissioned in the power distribution network based on the benchmark power flow distribution and the carbon flow rate distribution dataset, generate a candidate commissioning and decommissioning operation set, and traverse and extract the carbon emission reduction potential estimate corresponding to the execution of the candidate commissioning and decommissioning operation set. The multi-constraint screening module 104 is used to construct the feasibility screening rules for the candidate investment and withdrawal operations with the carbon emission reduction potential estimate as the primary priority evaluation indicator, and to screen out the effective candidate set from the candidate investment and withdrawal operation set. The green optimal decision module 105 is used to select the candidate operation with the largest absolute value of the carbon emission reduction potential estimate as the optimal operation from the effective candidate set, and generate the flexible operation control command for the power distribution equipment that can be operated and deactivated based on the optimal operation.

Claims

1. A flexible commissioning and decommissioning control method for power distribution equipment aimed at green energy conservation and emission reduction, characterized in that, The method includes: S1. Perform power flow calculation on the electrical quantity data in the multidimensional dataset of the distribution network under the current operating state to obtain the baseline power flow distribution. The multidimensional dataset includes electrical quantity data, equipment status data, topology data, and carbon emission data. S2. Based on the baseline power flow distribution, the real-time carbon emission intensity coefficient of the power nodes in the distribution network and the initial value of the carbon emission flow rate of the load nodes, a carbon flow rate distribution dataset of each branch in the distribution network is generated according to the preset carbon flow tracking rules. S3. Based on the baseline power flow distribution and the carbon flow rate distribution dataset, enumerate the candidate commissioning and decommissioning operations of the power distribution equipment that can be commissioned and decommissioned in the power distribution network, generate a candidate commissioning and decommissioning operation set, and traverse and extract the carbon emission reduction potential estimate corresponding to the execution of the candidate commissioning and decommissioning operation set. S4. Using the estimated carbon emission reduction potential as the primary priority evaluation indicator, construct the feasibility screening rules for the candidate investment and withdrawal operations, and select the effective candidate set from the candidate investment and withdrawal operation set; S5. In the effective candidate set, select the candidate operation with the largest absolute value of the carbon emission reduction potential estimate as the optimal operation, and generate the flexible operation control command for the power distribution equipment that can be operated and deactivated based on the optimal operation.

2. The flexible commissioning and decommissioning control method for power distribution equipment oriented towards green energy conservation and emission reduction as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process of performing power flow calculations on electrical quantity data in a multidimensional dataset of the distribution network under its current operating state to obtain a baseline power flow distribution includes: Extract the active power injection and reactive power injection of each distribution node in the distribution network under the current operating state; Based on the network topology of the power distribution network, determine the impedance parameters of each branch in the power distribution network and the connection relationship between each distribution node; The active and reactive power injections of each distribution node are used as boundary conditions for iterative solution to obtain the voltage phasor of each distribution node. Based on the voltage phasor and the impedance parameters, the active power, reactive power and current amplitude of each branch are calculated, and the active power, reactive power and current amplitude are summarized into a reference power flow distribution.

3. The flexible commissioning and decommissioning control method for power distribution equipment oriented towards green energy conservation and emission reduction as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the baseline power flow distribution, the real-time carbon emission intensity coefficients of power generation nodes and the initial values ​​of carbon emission flow rates of load nodes in the distribution network, and according to preset carbon flow tracking rules, a carbon flow rate distribution dataset for each branch in the distribution network is generated, including: The initial value of the carbon emission flow rate is the load node carbon flow rate verification benchmark value obtained from the distribution network carbon flow management system; The total carbon injection rate of the power node is obtained by multiplying the real-time carbon emission intensity coefficient of the power node in the distribution network with the injected active power of the power node under the current operating state. Based on the directional nature of power transmission in the power distribution network, taking the injected active power as the tracking starting point, the transmission direction from the power source node to the load node is used to traverse each branch and the intermediate distribution node in the transmission direction step by step. At the intermediate distribution node, based on the ratio between the power of the injected branch and the power of the outflow branch corresponding to the intermediate distribution node, the power carried by the injected branch is allocated to the outflow branch until all load nodes in the distribution network are traversed. The power distribution ratio of the initial injected power corresponding to each power node in each branch is summarized to obtain the power distribution ratio of the power transmission path from each power node to each load node in the power distribution network.

4. The flexible commissioning and decommissioning control method for power distribution equipment oriented towards green energy conservation and emission reduction as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The process of generating a carbon flow rate distribution dataset for each branch of the distribution network based on the baseline power flow distribution, the real-time carbon emission intensity coefficient of the power generation nodes and the initial value of the carbon emission flow rate of the load nodes in the distribution network, and according to a preset carbon flow tracking rule, further includes: Based on the proportional sharing principle in the preset carbon flow tracking rules and the power allocation ratio, the total injected carbon flow rate is distributed downstream step by step along the power transmission path to obtain the carbon emissions from each power node carried by each branch. In each of the branches, the carbon emissions passing through the same branch are summed to obtain the total carbon emissions transmitted through the same branch. The total carbon emissions transmitted are divided by the active power of the same branch to obtain the carbon flow rate per unit power. The initial value of the carbon emission flow rate of the load node is used as a boundary constraint to match the sum of carbon emissions with the initial value of the carbon emission flow rate. After successful matching, the carbon flow rate per unit power is multiplied by the active power of the corresponding branch in each branch to obtain the carbon flow rate of each branch, and then summarized into a carbon flow rate distribution dataset.

5. The flexible commissioning and decommissioning control method for power distribution equipment oriented towards green energy conservation and emission reduction as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the baseline power flow distribution and the carbon flow rate distribution dataset, candidate commissioning / decommissioning operations for configurable distribution equipment in the distribution network are enumerated, generating a candidate commissioning / decommissioning operation set, including: Based on the current commissioning / decommissioning status identifier of the commissioning / decommissioning equipment in the power distribution network, the equipment whose current commissioning / decommissioning status identifier is in the commissioning state is marked as eligible for decommissioning operation; Mark the device whose current deployment / disengagement status is out of service as ready to be deployed; In the power distribution equipment that can be put into operation or taken out of operation, a corresponding operation record is generated for each of the currently allowed put-in or take-out operations in the power distribution equipment. The operation records are combined into a candidate set of throw and withdraw operations.

6. The flexible commissioning and decommissioning control method for power distribution equipment oriented towards green energy conservation and emission reduction as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The step of traversing and extracting the carbon emission reduction potential estimate corresponding to the execution of the candidate deployment and withdrawal operations in the candidate deployment and withdrawal operation set includes: Based on the device number and action type corresponding to the candidate commissioning and decommissioning operations in the candidate commissioning and decommissioning operation set, topology change deduction is performed to determine the change mode of the distribution network topology after the implementation of the candidate commissioning and decommissioning operations; Based on the change pattern, the branch power is redistributed according to the baseline power flow distribution and the network topology parameters of the distribution network to obtain the change in active power of each branch after the implementation of the candidate commissioning and decommissioning operations. Using the carbon flow rate per unit power in each branch of the carbon flow rate distribution dataset as a carbon flow sensitivity relationship, the change in active power of each branch is converted into the corresponding predicted change in carbon flow rate. The predicted carbon flow rate changes are algebraically summed to obtain the total carbon flow rate change corresponding to the candidate deployment and withdrawal operations, and the total carbon flow rate change is used as the carbon emission reduction potential estimate. The carbon emission reduction potential estimate is used as a relative carbon emission reduction ranking indicator among the candidate deployment and withdrawal operations, and its value is not directly equivalent to the absolute change in system carbon emissions.

7. The flexible commissioning and decommissioning control method for power distribution equipment oriented towards green energy conservation and emission reduction as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The step of traversing and extracting the carbon emission reduction potential estimate corresponding to the execution of the candidate deployment and withdrawal operations in the candidate deployment and withdrawal operation set also includes: For the change in active power, a power-voltage mapping is performed using the sensitivity relationship between node voltage amplitude and node injected power to obtain the change in voltage amplitude of each distribution node after the implementation of the candidate commissioning / decommissioning operation. The current voltage amplitude of each distribution node is then added to the change in voltage amplitude to obtain the estimated voltage amplitude of each distribution node. After summing up the changes in active power of each branch, the incremental network loss is merged to obtain the estimated value of the change in distribution network loss corresponding to the candidate commissioning and decommissioning operations. Based on the cumulative number of operations and rated operating parameters of the power distribution equipment that can be put into operation or deactivated, the equipment lifespan is assessed to obtain the estimated equipment lifespan loss rate corresponding to the candidate operation.

8. The flexible commissioning and decommissioning control method for power distribution equipment oriented towards green energy conservation and emission reduction as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The feasibility screening rules for the candidate investment and withdrawal operations are constructed using the estimated carbon emission reduction potential as the primary priority evaluation indicator, and an effective candidate set is selected from the candidate investment and withdrawal operation set, including: Remove candidate investment and withdrawal operations with positive carbon emission reduction potential estimates from the candidate investment and withdrawal operation set to obtain the removed candidate investment and withdrawal operation set; Obtain the upper and lower limits of the voltage qualification corresponding to the voltage level of each power distribution node, as well as the maximum allowable number of operations and the upper limit of the life loss rate for each power distribution device that can be put into operation or deactivated. For each candidate commissioning / returning operation in the candidate commissioning / returning operation set after elimination, verify whether the estimated voltage amplitude of each corresponding power distribution node is between the lower limit of the voltage qualification and the upper limit of the voltage qualification, whether the cumulative number of operations of the corresponding commissioning / returning power distribution equipment does not exceed the corresponding maximum number of operations threshold, and whether the estimated value of the corresponding equipment life loss rate does not exceed the upper limit of the life loss rate threshold. Candidates that pass all validations are retained to form a valid candidate set.

9. A flexible commissioning and decommissioning control method for power distribution equipment oriented towards green energy conservation and emission reduction as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The step involves selecting the candidate operation with the largest absolute value of the carbon emission reduction potential estimate from the valid candidate set as the optimal operation, and generating flexible operation and decommissioning control instructions for the operable power distribution equipment based on the optimal operation, including: In the effective candidate set, the candidate operation with the largest absolute value corresponding to the carbon emission reduction potential estimate is marked as the optimal operation; If multiple candidate commissioning / rejection operations in the valid candidate set have the same maximum absolute value, then compare the estimated value of the distribution network loss change corresponding to the multiple candidate commissioning / rejection operations, and mark the candidate commissioning / rejection operation with the smallest estimated value of the distribution network loss change as the optimal operation; If the estimated value of the change in distribution network loss is still the same, then compare the estimated value of the equipment life loss rate corresponding to the multiple candidate commissioning and decommissioning operations, and mark the candidate commissioning and decommissioning operation with the lowest estimated value of the equipment life loss rate as the optimal operation; Based on the device number and action type of the optimal operation, a flexible commissioning / decommissioning control command for the commissionable power distribution equipment is generated.

10. A flexible commissioning and decommissioning control system for power distribution equipment aimed at green energy conservation and emission reduction, characterized in that, For implementing the flexible commissioning and decommissioning control method for power distribution equipment oriented towards green energy conservation and emission reduction as described in claim 1, the system comprises: The baseline power flow acquisition module is used to perform power flow calculations on the electrical quantity data in the multidimensional dataset of the distribution network under the current operating state to obtain the baseline power flow distribution. The multidimensional dataset includes electrical quantity data, equipment status data, topology data, and carbon emission data. The carbon flow distribution analysis module is used to generate a carbon flow rate distribution dataset for each branch in the distribution network based on the baseline power flow distribution, the real-time carbon emission intensity coefficient of the power nodes in the distribution network and the initial value of the carbon emission flow rate of the load nodes, according to a preset carbon flow tracking rule. The green potential assessment module is used to enumerate candidate commissioning and decommissioning operations for power distribution equipment that can be commissioned and decommissioned in the power distribution network based on the benchmark power flow distribution and the carbon flow rate distribution dataset, generate a candidate commissioning and decommissioning operation set, and traverse and extract the carbon emission reduction potential estimate corresponding to the execution of the candidate commissioning and decommissioning operation set. The multi-constraint screening module is used to construct feasibility screening rules for the candidate investment and withdrawal operations, using the carbon emission reduction potential estimate as the primary priority evaluation indicator, and to screen out the effective candidate set from the candidate investment and withdrawal operation set. The green optimal decision module is used to select the candidate operation with the largest absolute value of the carbon emission reduction potential estimate as the optimal operation from the effective candidate set, and generate flexible operation and decommissioning control instructions for the power distribution equipment that can be operated and decommissioned based on the optimal operation.

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