Balancing circuit, method for a battery system and application device thereof

Abstract

The application provides a battery system equalization circuit, a method, a battery management system, a battery system, a power consumption device and an electric energy device. The circuit comprises a secondary power supply module, a first gating module, a second gating module and a control module. The battery system comprises a battery and a main power supply module. The battery comprises N battery cells. N is greater than or equal to 2. The main power supply module is connected with the battery and the second gating module to form a main power supply loop. The secondary power supply module is connected with each battery cell through the first gating module and is also connected with the second gating module to form a secondary power supply loop. The control module controls the first gating module to turn on the path between the target battery cell and the secondary power supply module when the voltage of the target battery cell is greater than a preset threshold value, controls the second gating module to switch from the main power supply loop to the secondary power supply loop, uses the target battery cell to supply power to the load, and uses the target battery cell to supply power to the load. Energy transfer is realized while the battery cell voltage is balanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery systems, and more particularly to a battery system balancing circuit, method, battery management system, battery system, electrical device, and power supply device. Background Technology

[0002] Battery balancing refers to the technical means of adjusting the voltage or capacity of the battery cells in a battery pack to make the voltage and capacity of all battery cells as consistent as possible. Since a battery pack consists of multiple battery cells connected in series or parallel, and the performance of each battery cell may vary due to factors such as manufacturing differences, aging, and charge / discharge history, balancing is necessary to eliminate these differences.

[0003] Existing battery balancing technologies include active balancing and passive balancing. Active balancing is more complex to control and requires more space. Passive balancing uses resistors to discharge high-voltage cells to achieve balancing, but it suffers from high losses. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a battery system balancing circuit, method, battery management system, battery system, electrical equipment, and power equipment, which can achieve battery balancing while supplying power to the load, resulting in high energy utilization.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide an equalization circuit for a battery system, comprising: a secondary power supply module, a first gating module, a second gating module, and a control module; the battery system comprises: a battery, and a main power supply module, wherein the battery comprises N cells; wherein N≥2;

[0006] The main power module is connected to the battery and the second selection module to form the main power supply circuit;

[0007] The auxiliary power supply module is connected to each battery cell through the first selection module, and also to the second selection module to form an auxiliary power supply circuit;

[0008] The control module is used to control the first gating module to open the path between the target battery cell and the auxiliary power supply module when the voltage of the target battery cell is greater than a preset threshold, and to control the second gating module to switch from the main power supply circuit to the auxiliary power supply circuit so as to use the target battery cell to supply power to the load.

[0009] In one embodiment, the first gating module is an array switch; the array switch includes N input terminals and one output terminal;

[0010] Each cell's output terminal corresponds to one input terminal of the array switch, and the array switch's output terminal is connected to the auxiliary power supply module.

[0011] In one embodiment, the array switch includes a first analog switch and a second analog switch;

[0012] The first terminal of the first analog switch is connected to the positive output terminal of the battery cell, and the second terminal of the first analog switch is connected to the auxiliary power module.

[0013] The first terminal of the second analog switch is connected to the negative output terminal of the battery cell, and the second terminal of the second analog switch is connected to the auxiliary power module.

[0014] The control module is connected to the first analog switch and the second analog switch respectively, and is used to control the first analog switch and the second analog switch to select the output terminal of the target cell.

[0015] In one embodiment, the control module is configured to control the second gating module to switch from the auxiliary power supply circuit to the main power supply circuit to supply power to the load when the voltage of the target cell is lower than a preset threshold, and to control the first gating module to disconnect the path between the target cell and the auxiliary power supply module.

[0016] In one embodiment, the second gating module includes a first switch, a second switch, and a third switch;

[0017] The first terminal of the first switch is connected to the auxiliary power supply module, the second terminal of the first switch is connected to the load, and the third terminal of the first switch is connected to the control module.

[0018] The first terminal of the second switch is connected to the main power module, the second terminal of the second switch is connected to the load, and the third terminal of the second switch is connected to the first terminal of the third switch.

[0019] The second terminal of the third switch is grounded, and the third terminal of the third switch is connected to the control module.

[0020] The first switch is used to turn on when the control module outputs a first level and turn off when it outputs a second level; the second switch is used to turn on when the control module outputs a second level and turn off when it outputs a first level.

[0021] In one embodiment, the secondary power supply module is an isolated DC-DC power supply module;

[0022] Isolated DC-DC power modules are used to convert the voltage of the target battery cell to the target voltage and then supply power to the load.

[0023] In one embodiment, the second gating module further includes a reverse connection protection unit;

[0024] The reverse connection protection unit is connected in parallel across the first switch.

[0025] In one embodiment, the main power module is a step-down module;

[0026] A step-down module is used to convert the battery voltage to a target voltage to supply power to the load.

[0027] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a battery system balancing method, including:

[0028] When the voltage of the target battery cell is greater than a preset threshold, the first selection module is controlled to open the path between the target battery cell and the auxiliary power module.

[0029] The second selection module is controlled to switch from the main power supply circuit to the auxiliary power supply circuit so that the target battery cell can be used to power the load.

[0030] In one embodiment, the method further includes:

[0031] When the voltage of the target battery cell is lower than a preset threshold, the second selection module is controlled to switch from the auxiliary power supply circuit to the main power supply circuit to supply power to the load;

[0032] The first gating module is controlled to disconnect the path between the target cell and the auxiliary power module.

[0033] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a battery management system, including a data acquisition module and an equalization circuit for a battery system as described above.

[0034] The acquisition module is connected to the battery and is used to obtain the voltage of the battery cells.

[0035] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a battery system, including a battery and the aforementioned battery management system.

[0036] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide an electrical device including the battery system described above.

[0037] Sixthly, embodiments of this application provide an electrical power device, including the battery system described above.

[0038] This application provides a battery system balancing circuit, method, battery management system, battery system, electrical device, and power device. The circuit includes: a secondary power supply module, a first gating module, a second gating module, and a control module. The battery system includes: a battery and a main power supply module, the battery including N cells; wherein N≥2; the main power supply module is connected to the battery and the second gating module to form a main power supply circuit; the secondary power supply module is connected to each cell through the first gating module and also to the second gating module to form a secondary power supply circuit; the control module is used to control the first gating module to open the path between the target cell and the secondary power supply module when the voltage of the target cell is greater than a preset threshold, and to control the second gating module to switch from the main power supply circuit to the secondary power supply circuit to use the target cell to power the load. By controlling the first gating module and the second gating module, the target cell is used to power the load, achieving cell voltage balancing while transferring energy to power other loads, resulting in higher energy utilization compared to passive balancing. Attached Figure Description

[0039] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery system and equalization circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the equalization circuit of a battery system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an array switch provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second gating module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the equalization circuit of a battery system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 6 This is a flowchart of a battery system balancing method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0046] Figure label:

[0047] 100. Battery system; 110. Battery; 120. Main power module; 200. Load; 300. Balancing circuit; 310. First gating module; 320. Secondary power module; 330. Second gating module; 340. Control module.

[0048] The accompanying drawings illustrate specific embodiments of this application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of this application to those skilled in the art through reference to particular embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0049] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0050] First, let me explain the terms used in this application:

[0051] An array switch is composed of multiple switch units forming a two-dimensional matrix (such as rows and columns). Each switch unit corresponds to the output terminal of a single unit. By activating a specific switch unit through a control signal, the corresponding single unit output terminal can be connected to the output terminal of the channel module.

[0052] Isolated DC-DC power supply: A device that can convert input DC power to another DC power while ensuring that there is no direct electrical connection between the input and output circuits through isolation technology. This isolation is usually achieved through transformers, optocouplers or other isolation components.

[0053] Battery balancing refers to the technical means of adjusting the voltage or capacity of the battery cells in a battery pack to make the voltage and capacity of all battery cells as consistent as possible. Since a battery pack consists of multiple battery cells connected in series or parallel, and the performance of each battery cell may vary due to factors such as manufacturing differences, aging, and charge / discharge history, balancing is necessary to eliminate these differences.

[0054] Existing battery balancing technologies include active balancing and passive balancing. Active balancing is more complex to control and requires more space. Passive balancing uses resistors to discharge high-voltage cells to achieve balancing, but it suffers from high losses.

[0055] The balancing circuit of the battery system provided in this application, when the voltage of the target cell is greater than a preset threshold, controls the first gating module and the second gating module to use the target cell to supply power to the load. While achieving cell voltage balancing, it also achieves energy transfer to supply power to other loads. Compared with passive balancing, it has a higher energy utilization rate.

[0056] The technical solution of this application and how the technical solution of this application solves the above-mentioned technical problems are described in detail below with specific embodiments. These specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some embodiments. The embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0057] like Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery system 100 and an equalization circuit 300 provided in an embodiment of this application. The battery system 100 and the equalization circuit 300 are connected, wherein the output terminals of both the battery system 100 and the equalization circuit 300 are connected to the load 200. Both the battery system 100 and the equalization circuit 300 can supply power to the load 200.

[0058] like Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the balancing circuit 300 of a battery system 100 provided in an embodiment of this application. The balancing circuit 300 of the battery system 100 includes: an auxiliary power supply module 320, a first gating module 310, a second gating module 330, and a control module 340; the battery system 100 includes: a battery 110 and a main power supply module 120, the battery 110 including N cells; wherein, N≥2; the main power supply module 120 is connected to the battery 110 and the second gating module 330 to form a main power supply circuit; the auxiliary power supply module 320 is connected to each cell through the first gating module 310 and also connected to the second gating module 330 to form a secondary power supply circuit; the control module 340 is used to control the first gating module 310 to open the path between the target cell and the auxiliary power supply module 320 when the voltage of the target cell is greater than a preset threshold, and to control the second gating module 330 to switch from the main power supply circuit to the secondary power supply circuit so as to use the target cell to supply power to the load 200.

[0059] Specifically, the N cells in the battery system 100 form a main power supply circuit through the main power module 120 and the second selection module 330. The auxiliary power module 320 is connected to each cell through the first selection module 310 and also to the second selection module 330, forming a secondary power supply circuit. The control module 340 is responsible for monitoring the voltage of each cell. When the voltage of a target cell is detected to be greater than a preset threshold, the control module 340 controls the first selection module 310 to open the path between the target cell and the auxiliary power module 320, and controls the second selection module 330 to switch the power supply from the main power supply circuit to the auxiliary power supply circuit. In this way, the target cell can supply power to the load 200 through the auxiliary power supply circuit, thereby achieving voltage balance. By dynamically adjusting the power supply path of the load 200, the voltage balance of each cell in the battery system 100 is achieved, thereby improving the overall performance and lifespan of the battery system 100. Compared with passive balancing, the solution of this application has high energy utilization efficiency, using the excess power of the target cell to supply power to the load 200.

[0060] This application has a larger balancing current than passive balancing, and its balancing current depends on the loss of load 200; secondly, the solution of this application is simpler to design than the active balancing in the prior art. It only requires the design of one isolated power supply through the first gating module 310, and the size is small; the solution of this application can also save the total power consumption by using the balancing power of the target cell to power the load 200.

[0061] In one embodiment, when the voltage of a cell in battery 110 is greater than a preset threshold, that cell is identified as the target cell. When the voltages of multiple cells are all greater than the preset threshold, the control module 340 connects the cells to the auxiliary power module 320 sequentially through the first selection module 310 according to their voltage levels.

[0062] In one embodiment, the preset threshold is determined based on the actual voltage of the cells in battery 110, which is not limited herein. During charging, if the voltage of a certain cell is significantly higher than that of other cells, it indicates that the cell is charging faster, which may lead to overcharging. In this case, it is necessary to reduce the voltage of the cell through equalization to make it consistent with the voltage of the other cells. The preset threshold can be a value obtained based on the voltage comparison of the cells in battery 110, or it can be a value after battery 110 is fully charged, indicating that the cell may be close to being fully charged. In this case, it is necessary to limit its continued charging through equalization to prevent overcharging.

[0063] In one embodiment, the first gating module 310 is an array switch; the array switch includes N input terminals and one output terminal; the output terminal of each battery cell corresponds to one input terminal of the array switch, and the output terminal of the array switch is connected to the auxiliary power supply module 320.

[0064] In one embodiment, the array switch includes a first analog switch and a second analog switch; a first terminal of the first analog switch is connected to the positive output terminal of the battery cell in the battery 110, and a second terminal of the first analog switch is connected to the auxiliary power module 320; a first terminal of the second analog switch is connected to the negative output terminal of the battery cell in the battery 110, and a second terminal of the second analog switch is connected to the auxiliary power module 320; a control module 340 is connected to the first analog switch and the second analog switch respectively, and is used to control the first analog switch and the second analog switch to select the output terminal of the target battery cell.

[0065] like Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an array switch provided in an embodiment of this application. This embodiment uses a battery 110 with 7 cells as an example. The first analog switch and the second analog switch are each an 8-channel selector for 1 output. The first and second analog switches are connected to pins GPIO4, GPIO5, GPIO6, GPIO7, GPIO8, and GPIO9 of the control module 340. The output of the control module 340 is adjusted to convert the 8 channels into 3-bit binary digital switches. These 3-bit binary digital switches control the first and second analog switches to select the positive and negative output terminals corresponding to the target cell. In this embodiment, the first analog switch is defined as a positive output, and the second analog switch is defined as a negative output. The enable interfaces of the first and second analog switches are also connected to the control module 340; please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 3 The GPIO3 pin is used to cut off the power supply to the first and second analog switches at any time. In other embodiments, the enable interfaces of the first and second analog switches can also be connected to other circuit structures; this embodiment is just one example.

[0066] In one embodiment, the auxiliary power module 320 is an isolated DC-DC power module; the isolated DC-DC power module is used to convert the voltage of the target battery cell to the target voltage and then supply power to the load 200. Specifically, the first analog switch is defined as a positive output and the second analog switch is defined as a negative output, and are connected to the positive input and negative input of the isolated DC-DC power module, respectively.

[0067] In one embodiment, when the function of the auxiliary power module 320 is boost, the isolated DC-DC power module includes a flyback boost circuit.

[0068] In one embodiment, the control module 340 is configured to control the second gating module 330 to switch from the auxiliary power supply circuit to the main power supply circuit to supply power to the load 200 when the voltage of the target cell is lower than a preset threshold, and to control the first gating module 310 to disconnect the path between the target cell and the auxiliary power supply module 320.

[0069] Specifically, the second selection module 330 is designed to ensure that only one power supply circuit works at a time, either the main power supply circuit or the auxiliary power supply circuit, thus maximizing the balanced current.

[0070] In one embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a second gating module 330 provided in an embodiment of this application. The second gating module 330 includes a first switch, a second switch, and a third switch; the first terminal of the first switch is connected to the auxiliary power supply module 320, the second terminal of the first switch is connected to the load 200, and the third terminal of the first switch is connected to the control module 340; the first terminal of the second switch is connected to the main power supply module 120, the second terminal of the second switch is connected to the load 200, and the third terminal of the second switch is connected to the first terminal of the third switch; the second terminal of the third switch is grounded, and the third terminal of the third switch is connected to the control module 340; the first switch is used to turn on when the control module 340 outputs a first level and turn off when it outputs a second level; the second switch is used to turn on when the control module 340 outputs a second level and turn off when it outputs a first level.

[0071] In one embodiment, the first level is low and the second level is high.

[0072] In one embodiment, the first switch is a PMOS transistor, the second switch is a PMOS transistor, and the third switch is an NMOS transistor. When the control module 340 outputs a low level, the first switch is turned on, and at this time, the auxiliary power supply module 320 is connected to the load 200, and the auxiliary power supply circuit is activated. When the control module 340 outputs a high level, the third switch is turned on, the gate voltage of the second switch is pulled low, and the second switch is turned on. At this time, the main power supply module 120 is connected to the load 200, and the main power supply circuit is activated.

[0073] In one embodiment, the second gate module 330 further includes a reverse connection protection unit; the reverse connection protection unit is connected in parallel across the first switch.

[0074] Specifically, please refer to Figure 4 The reverse connection protection unit is diode D1. The anode of diode D1 is connected to the auxiliary power supply module 320, and the cathode of diode D1 is connected to the load 200. When the auxiliary power supply module 320 is an isolated DC-DC power supply module, it can protect the front-end circuit of the isolated DC-DC power supply module.

[0075] In one embodiment, the main power module 120 is a step-down module; the step-down module is used to convert the voltage of the battery 110 to the target voltage and then supply power to the load 200.

[0076] Specifically, depending on the power consumption requirements of load 200, the main power module 120 can also be a module with other functions. In this application, the main power module 120 is a step-down module, which is only one example and is not limited.

[0077] To better illustrate the logic of the equalization circuit 300 in the battery system 100, this application will provide an example, such as... Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the equalization circuit 300 of a battery system 100 provided in one embodiment of this application. Under normal operating conditions, the control module 340 is powered on and begins operation. The sampling module samples the voltage of the battery cells and transmits the sampled signal to the control module 340 via I2C communication. In this example, the preset threshold is 3.3V. When the battery 110 is fully charged, if the voltage of any battery cell is greater than 3.3V, the control module 340 will activate equalization. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 3 The control module 340 outputs enable GPIO3 to turn on the first gating module 310. Simultaneously, it outputs codes (BAT+, BAT-) to the first gating module 310 via GPIO4-GPIO9 pins, which are then sent to the auxiliary power module 320, automatically initiating power conversion. In one embodiment, a differential voltage sampling module is set at the output port of the auxiliary power module 320. This module is connected to the control module 340. After determining that the output power of the auxiliary power module 320 is stable, the control module 340 controls the second gating module 330 via GPIO1 to switch to the auxiliary power supply circuit, connecting the auxiliary power module 320 to the load 200 and supplying power to it. In this embodiment, the load 200 is the control module 340. When the acquisition module detects that the voltage of the battery cell has been balanced to approximately 3.3V, the control module 340 disables the balancing strategy for that battery cell and continues to use the main power module 120 for power supply, thus turning on the main power supply circuit.

[0078] The auxiliary power module 320 is an isolated DC-DC power module with a 3.3V input and 5V output. Its input voltage range corresponds exactly to the battery cell's operating voltage range of 2.5V~3.6V, and its power is 1W. The auxiliary power module 320 has a built-in flyback boost circuit. The isolated DC-DC power module here can also be designed with a corresponding transformer to balance the current value according to the actual load 200. The main power module 120 uses an LDO adjustment circuit, with its input terminal corresponding to the total voltage of battery 110, adjusting the total voltage to the required 5V DC output to provide a stable input power supply for the entire BMS.

[0079] like Figure 6 As shown, Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating a battery system balancing method for an embodiment of this application. The embodiment of this application provides a battery system balancing method for a battery system 100, comprising the following steps:

[0080] Step S601: When the voltage of the target cell is greater than a preset threshold, control the first selection module 310 to open the path between the target cell and the auxiliary power supply module 320.

[0081] Specifically, after battery 110 is fully charged, inconsistencies in battery voltage occur due to individual differences between cells, with some cells exhibiting excessively high voltage. When an excessively high cell voltage is detected, that cell needs to be individually balanced and discharged. When the voltage of the target cell is detected to be greater than a preset threshold, the first selection module 310 is activated, connecting the target cell to the auxiliary power supply module 320, and the electrical energy of the target cell is guided to the auxiliary power supply circuit.

[0082] Step S602: Control the second gating module 330 to switch from the main power supply circuit to the auxiliary power supply circuit so as to use the target battery cell to power the load 200.

[0083] Specifically, the second selection module 330 is controlled to switch the power supply from the main power supply circuit to the auxiliary power supply circuit, making the target cell the power source for the load 200, thereby consuming its excess electrical energy and achieving voltage balancing. The solution of this application can effectively manage the voltage of each cell in the battery system 100, preventing overcharging or over-discharging, extending the life of the battery 110, and improving the overall performance of the system. This dynamic balancing strategy of this application is applicable to battery packs 110 with multiple cells connected in series, ensuring that the voltage of each cell remains within a safe and efficient range.

[0084] In one embodiment, the method further includes the following steps:

[0085] When the voltage of the target cell is lower than a preset threshold, the second selection module 330 is controlled to switch from the auxiliary power supply circuit to the main power supply circuit to supply power to the load 200.

[0086] The first selection module 310 is controlled to disconnect the path between the target cell and the auxiliary power supply module 320.

[0087] Specifically, when the voltage of the target cell is lower than a preset threshold, the target cell no longer needs to discharge. The control module 340 controls the second gating module 330 to switch the power supply from the auxiliary power supply circuit back to the main power supply circuit to continue supplying power to the load 200; and controls the first gating module 310 to disconnect, so that the path between the target cell and the auxiliary power supply module 320 is disconnected, thus preventing further discharge of the target cell.

[0088] This application provides a battery 110 management system, including a data acquisition module and an equalization circuit 300 of the battery system 100 as described above; the data acquisition module is connected to the battery 110 and is used to acquire the voltage of the cells inside the battery 110.

[0089] Specifically, the acquisition module can be a discrete device-based isolated ADC or an integrated circuit AFE (analog front end). When the acquisition module is an integrated circuit AFE, the AFE communicates with the control module 340 via I2C. The control module 340 reads the sampled data from the acquisition module and issues action commands based on the battery 110 monitoring status. When the cell voltage is too high, the control module 340 initiates an equalization process by issuing a command.

[0090] This application provides a battery system 100, including a battery 110 and the aforementioned battery 110 management system.

[0091] This application provides an electrical device including the battery system 100 described above.

[0092] This application provides an electrical power device, including the battery system 100 described above.

[0093] In the above embodiments, it should be understood that the processor can be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), etc. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the method disclosed in this invention can be directly implemented by a hardware processor, or implemented by a combination of hardware and software modules within the processor.

[0094] The memory may include random access memory (RAM) and may also include non-volatile memory (NVM), such as at least one disk storage device.

[0095] The bus can be an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc. Buses can be categorized as address buses, data buses, control buses, etc. For ease of illustration, the buses shown in the accompanying drawings are not limited to a single bus or a single type of bus.

[0096] This application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described method.

[0097] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the above-described method.

[0098] The aforementioned readable storage medium can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as static random access memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic storage, flash memory, magnetic disk, or optical disk. The readable storage medium can be any available medium accessible to a general-purpose or special-purpose computer.

[0099] An exemplary readable storage medium is coupled to a processor, enabling the processor to read information from and write information to the readable storage medium. Of course, the readable storage medium can also be a component of the processor. The processor and the readable storage medium can reside in an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC). Alternatively, the processor and the readable storage medium can exist as discrete components in the device.

[0100] The division of units is merely a logical functional division; in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices, or units, and may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0101] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0102] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0103] If a function is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of the various embodiments of this invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0104] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps of the above-described method embodiments can be implemented by hardware related to program instructions. The aforementioned program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When executed, the program performs the steps of the above-described method embodiments; and the aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as ROM, RAM, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0105] Finally, it should be noted that other embodiments of the invention will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This invention is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention that follow the general principles of the invention and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein, and is not limited to the precise structures described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of the invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An equalization circuit for a battery system, characterized in that, include: Auxiliary power supply module, first gating module, second gating module, and control module; The battery system includes: a battery and a main power module, wherein the battery comprises N cells; where N≥2; The main power module is connected to the battery and the second gating module to form the main power supply circuit; The auxiliary power supply module is connected to each battery cell through the first selection module and also to the second selection module to form an auxiliary power supply circuit; The control module is configured to, when the voltage of the target battery cell is greater than a preset threshold, control the first selection module to open the path between the target battery cell and the auxiliary power supply module, and control the second selection module to switch from the main power supply circuit to the auxiliary power supply circuit so as to use the target battery cell to supply power to the load.

2. The circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first gating module is an array switch; the array switch includes N input terminals and one output terminal; The output terminal of each battery cell corresponds to one input terminal of the array switch, and the output terminal of the array switch is connected to the auxiliary power module.

3. The circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The array switch includes a first analog switch and a second analog switch; The first terminal of the first analog switch is connected to the positive output terminal of the battery cell, and the second terminal of the first analog switch is connected to the auxiliary power module. The first terminal of the second analog switch is connected to the negative output terminal of the battery cell, and the second terminal of the second analog switch is connected to the auxiliary power module. The control module is connected to the first analog switch and the second analog switch respectively, and is used to control the first analog switch and the second analog switch to select the output terminal of the target cell.

4. The circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control module is used to control the second gating module to switch from the auxiliary power supply circuit to the main power supply circuit to supply power to the load when the voltage of the target battery cell is lower than the preset threshold, and to control the first gating module to disconnect the path between the target battery cell and the auxiliary power supply module.

5. The circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second gating module includes a first switch, a second switch, and a third switch; The first terminal of the first switch is connected to the auxiliary power module, the second terminal of the first switch is connected to the load, and the third terminal of the first switch is connected to the control module. The first terminal of the second switch is connected to the main power module, the second terminal of the second switch is connected to the load, and the third terminal of the second switch is connected to the first terminal of the third switch. The second terminal of the third switch is grounded, and the third terminal of the third switch is connected to the control module; The first switch is used to turn on when the control module outputs a first level and turn off when it outputs a second level; The second switch is used to turn on when the control module outputs a second level and turn off when it outputs a first level.

6. The circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The auxiliary power module is an isolated DC-DC power module; The isolated DC-DC power module is used to convert the voltage of the target battery cell into the target voltage and then supply power to the load.

7. The circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that, The second selection module also includes a reverse connection protection unit; The reverse connection protection unit is connected in parallel across the first switch.

8. The circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main power module is a step-down module; The step-down module is used to convert the voltage of the battery to the target voltage and then supply power to the load.

9. A battery system balancing method, characterized in that, include: When the voltage of the target battery cell is greater than a preset threshold, the first gating module is controlled to open the path between the target battery cell and the auxiliary power module; The second selection module is controlled to switch from the main power supply circuit to the auxiliary power supply circuit so that the target battery cell can be used to power the load.

10. The control method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The method further includes: When the voltage of the target battery cell is lower than the preset threshold, the second selection module is controlled to switch from the auxiliary power supply circuit to the main power supply circuit to supply power to the load; The first gating module is controlled to disconnect the path between the target battery cell and the auxiliary power module.

11. A battery management system, characterized in that, It includes a data acquisition module and an equalization circuit for the battery system as described in any one of claims 1-8; The acquisition module is connected to the battery and is used to obtain the voltage of the battery cells.

12. A battery system, characterized in that, Includes a battery, and a battery management system as described in claim 11.

13. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, Includes the battery system of claim 12.

14. An electrical energy device, characterized in that, Includes the battery system of claim 12.

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