A motion zero-power permanent magnet brake

Abstract

The application discloses a motion zero-power permanent magnet brake, comprising a stator and a rotor, the stator is provided with an electromagnetic coil, an inner magnet and a permanent magnet; further comprising a spring sheet connected with the rotor; the rotor comprises a main armature connected with the spring sheet, and a secondary armature, the main armature is in a circular ring structure and is provided with a radial guide column on the outer periphery; the secondary armature is slidably sleeved on the radial guide column and is connected with the main armature through a leaf spring; the main armature is used for fixedly connecting a rotating shaft; when the electromagnetic coil is not electrified, the secondary armature abuts against the main armature under the action of the leaf spring to form a complete rotor, at this time, braking is realized; when the electromagnetic coil is electrified, a reverse magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic coil offsets the permanent magnet suction force, the spring sheet makes the main armature separate from the stator and rotates with the rotating shaft, at this time, the secondary armature is separated from the main armature, so that the non-braking state is kept after the electromagnetic coil is de-energized. Compared with the traditional permanent magnet brake, the brake can keep the non-braking state all the time without electrifying the electromagnetic coil, so that the purpose of saving power consumption is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of permanent magnet brake technology, and more specifically, to a motion-zero power consumption permanent magnet brake. Background Technology

[0002] A permanent magnet brake is a device that uses permanent magnets to generate braking force. Its most significant feature is automatic braking in the event of a power outage (i.e., "power-off braking"), making it widely used in applications requiring safe holding, positioning, and emergency stopping. The core structure of a permanent magnet brake mainly consists of two parts: the stator and the rotor. Its working principle revolves around the core logic of "permanent magnet attraction and electromagnetic release."

[0003] Braking state (power off): This is the default "standby" state of the brake. At this time, the electromagnetic coil is not energized, and the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet forms a magnetic circuit, which firmly attracts the armature on the rotor and presses it against the friction surface of the stator. The friction between the two generates a strong braking torque, which stops the rotating parts or keeps them stationary.

[0004] Release State (Electrified): When rotation of the shaft / rotating component is required, direct current is applied to the electromagnetic coil. The electromagnetic field generated by the coil is opposite in direction to the magnetic field of the permanent magnet, and the two cancel each other out. The attraction force on the armature disappears, and it separates from the friction surface under the action of the spring or its own structure. The brake is released, and the shaft / rotating component can then rotate freely.

[0005] However, the current challenge with permanent magnet brakes lies in the fact that if the permanent magnet brake needs to be kept in a released state (i.e., non-braking state) for a long time, it needs to be kept powered on for a long time. However, the power consumption of the permanent magnet brake becomes extremely high as the power supply time is too long. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a motion-zero power consumption permanent magnet brake.

[0007] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0008] A zero-power permanent magnet brake includes a stator and a rotor with their friction surfaces facing each other. The stator contains an electromagnetic coil, an internal magnet, and a permanent magnet. It also includes a spring plate connected to the rotor, which separates the rotor from the stator. The rotor includes a main armature connected to the spring plate and a secondary armature. The main armature has a circular ring structure with radial guide posts on its outer periphery. The secondary armature is slidably sleeved on the radial guide posts and connected to the main armature via a leaf spring. The main armature is used to fix the rotating shaft. When the electromagnetic coil is not energized, the secondary armature, under the action of the leaf spring, abuts against the main armature to form a complete rotor. At this time, the permanent magnet attracts the rotor's friction surface to the stator's friction surface to achieve braking. When the electromagnetic coil is energized, it generates a reverse magnetic field to counteract the permanent magnet attraction. The spring plate causes the main armature to detach from the stator and rotate with the rotating shaft. At this time, the secondary armature, under the action of centrifugal force, overcomes the spring force of the leaf spring and separates from the main armature, thus remaining non-braking after the electromagnetic coil is de-energized.

[0009] Furthermore, in this invention, the number of secondary armatures is four, and any secondary armature is an arc-shaped plate structure adapted to the main armature; four radial guide posts are spaced apart on the outer periphery of the main armature, and the four secondary armatures are slidably connected to the four radial guide posts respectively, and any secondary armature is connected to the main armature through a leaf spring.

[0010] Furthermore, in this invention, the four radial guide posts are arranged in a circular array about the central axis of the main armature.

[0011] Furthermore, in this invention, a guide hole is provided in the middle of any of the secondary armatures, and the guide hole is slidably connected to the corresponding radial guide post.

[0012] Furthermore, in this invention, the middle part of any leaf spring is connected to the end of the corresponding radial guide post near the main armature, and the two free ends of the leaf spring are respectively connected to the two free ends of the auxiliary armature.

[0013] Furthermore, in this invention, a limiting member is provided at the end of any of the radial guide posts away from the main armature, the limiting member being used to prevent the secondary armature from separating from the radial guide post.

[0014] Furthermore, in this invention, the leaf spring has an arc-shaped leaf structure; after the secondary armature separates from the primary armature under centrifugal force, the secondary armature slides along the radial guide post to a separation position away from the primary armature, and after the rotating shaft stops rotating, the secondary armature automatically resets and abuts against the primary armature under the elastic force of the leaf spring.

[0015] Furthermore, in this invention, a groove is formed on the friction surface of the stator, and the electromagnetic coil, the inner magnet, and the permanent magnet are all disposed in the groove.

[0016] Furthermore, in this invention, both the friction surface of the stator and the friction surface of the rotor are annular planes, and they are coaxially arranged opposite each other.

[0017] Furthermore, in this invention, both the main armature and the secondary armature are made of magnetically conductive material. When the secondary armature abuts against the main armature, the two together form a complete closed magnetic circuit.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0019] The rotor of this permanent magnet brake consists of a main armature and a secondary armature. The main armature is fixed to the shaft. When the brake is not needed, the electromagnetic coil of the permanent magnet brake is energized. The current passing through the electromagnetic coil inside the brake generates an electromagnetic field opposite to the magnetic field of the permanent magnet. This reverse magnetic field precisely cancels the attraction of the permanent magnet to the main armature. After the attraction is canceled, the main armature separates from the stator under the elastic force of the spring plates, and then the main armature can rotate synchronously with the main shaft. During the rotation of the main armature, the secondary armature overcomes the elastic force of the leaf springs under the action of centrifugal force and separates from the main armature. When the secondary armature separates from the main armature, this brake, compared to a traditional "permanent magnet brake," can remain in a "non-braking" state without energizing the electromagnetic coil, thus achieving the purpose of saving power consumption. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the secondary armature abutting against the main armature to form a complete rotor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Sectional view of section AA;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the secondary armature separating from the main armature under centrifugal force according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] In the diagram: 101-Stator; 201-Electromagnetic coil; 301-Inner magnet; 401-Permanent magnet; 501-Spring leaf; 601-Main armature; 701-Secondary armature; 801-Radial guide post; 901-Leaf spring; 1001-Limiting component. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Please see Figure 1-3 The present invention provides a technical solution:

[0026] A zero-power permanent magnet brake includes a stator 101 (i.e., an outer magnet) and a rotor, with their friction surfaces facing each other. The stator 101 contains an electromagnetic coil 201, an inner magnet 301, and a permanent magnet 401. It also includes a spring plate 501 connected to the rotor, used to separate the rotor from the stator 101. The rotor includes a main armature 601 connected to the spring plate 501 and a secondary armature 701. The main armature 601 has a circular ring structure and a radial guide post 801 on its outer periphery. The secondary armature 701 is slidably sleeved on the radial guide post 801 and connected to the main armature 601 via a leaf spring 901. Connection; the main armature 601 is used to fix the rotating shaft; when the electromagnetic coil 201 is not energized, the auxiliary armature 701 abuts against the main armature 601 under the action of the leaf spring 901 to form a complete rotor. At this time, the permanent magnet 401 attracts the friction surface of the rotor to the friction surface of the stator 101 to achieve braking; when the electromagnetic coil 201 is energized, it generates a reverse magnetic field to counteract the permanent magnet attraction force. The spring 501 causes the main armature 601 to separate from the stator 101 and rotate with the rotating shaft. At this time, the auxiliary armature 701 overcomes the elastic force of the leaf spring 901 under the action of centrifugal force and separates from the main armature 601, so that it does not brake after the electromagnetic coil 201 is de-energized.

[0027] Preferably, in this embodiment, there are four secondary armatures 701, each of which is an arc-shaped plate structure adapted to the main armature 601. Four radial guide posts 801 are spaced apart on the outer periphery of the main armature 601, and the four secondary armatures 701 are slidably connected to the four radial guide posts 801 respectively. Each secondary armature 701 is connected to the main armature 601 via a leaf spring 901. Simultaneously, the four radial guide posts 801 are arranged in a circular array about the central axis of the main armature 601. In other embodiments of this embodiment, the number of secondary armatures 701 may also be two, three, five, or more.

[0028] In order to achieve the sliding connection between the secondary armature 701 and the radial guide post 801, in this embodiment, a guide hole is provided in the middle of any secondary armature 701. The diameter of the guide hole is the same as or slightly larger than the diameter of the radial guide post 801. The four radial guide posts 801 are respectively inserted through the four guide holes.

[0029] Reference Figure 1 or Figure 3In this embodiment, the middle part of any leaf spring 901 is connected to the end of the corresponding radial guide post 801 near the main armature 601, and the two free ends of the leaf spring 901 are respectively connected to the two free ends of the auxiliary armature 701.

[0030] When the main armature 601 detaches from the stator 101 and rotates with the shaft, the secondary armature 701, under centrifugal force, overcomes the elastic force of the leaf spring 901 and separates from the main armature 601. To prevent the secondary armature 701 from separating from the radial guide post 801, in this embodiment, a limiting member 1001 is installed at the end of any radial guide post 801 furthest from the main armature 601. Specifically, in this embodiment, the limiting member 1001 is a nut threadedly connected to the radial guide post 801. In other embodiments of this embodiment, the limiting member 1001 can also be a clamp, retaining ring, or other structure.

[0031] Preferably, in this embodiment, the leaf spring 901 has an arc-shaped leaf structure. When the secondary armature 701 separates from the primary armature 601 under the action of centrifugal force, the secondary armature 701 slides along the radial guide post 801 to a separation position away from the primary armature 601. After the rotating shaft stops rotating, the secondary armature 701 automatically resets and abuts against the primary armature 601 under the elastic force of the leaf spring 901. At this time, the secondary armature 701 and the primary armature 601 form a complete rotor. Only when the rotor is in a complete state can it be attracted by the stator 101.

[0032] Reference Figure 2 In order to facilitate the installation of electromagnetic coil 201, inner magnet 301 and permanent magnet 401, an annular groove (not marked in the figure) is provided on the friction surface of stator 101 in this embodiment. Electromagnetic coil 201, inner magnet 301 and permanent magnet 401 are all installed in the groove.

[0033] In this embodiment, the friction surfaces of the stator 101 and the rotor are both annular planes, and they are coaxially arranged opposite each other.

[0034] In this embodiment, both the main armature 601 and the secondary armature 701 are made of magnetically conductive material. When the secondary armature 701 abuts against the main armature 601, the two together form a complete closed magnetic circuit.

[0035] Working principle:

[0036] When the electromagnetic coil 201 is not energized, the permanent magnet brake is in a de-energized braking state. The auxiliary armature 701 rests against the main armature 601 under the elastic force of the leaf spring 901. At this time, the auxiliary armature 701 and the main armature 601 form a complete armature (i.e., rotor). Only when the rotor is in a complete state can it be attracted by the stator 101. Then, the permanent magnet 401 causes the friction surface of the rotor (i.e., the main armature 601) to adhere to the friction surface of the stator 101 to brake the shaft. When this brake needs to be de-energized, the electromagnetic coil 201 of the permanent magnet brake is energized first. The current passing through the electromagnetic coil 201 inside the brake generates an electromagnetic field opposite in direction to the magnetic field of the permanent magnet 401. This reverse magnetic field precisely cancels the attraction of the permanent magnet 401 on the main armature 601. After the attraction is canceled, the main armature 601 separates from the stator 101 under the elastic force of the spring plate 501, and then the main armature 601 can rotate synchronously with the main shaft. During the rotation of the main armature 601, the auxiliary armature 701 overcomes the elastic force of the leaf spring 901 under the action of centrifugal force and separates from the main armature 601. When the auxiliary armature 701 separates from the main armature 601, this brake, compared to the traditional "permanent magnet brake," can remain in a "de-energized" state without energizing the electromagnetic coil 201, thus achieving the purpose of saving power consumption.

[0037] It should be noted that the above brake is designed to maintain braking, that is, it is only allowed to lock when the speed of the rotating body (i.e., the shaft) is 0. Therefore, the brake is not allowed to lock when there is speed (or rather, it cannot be locked when there is speed).

[0038] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the forms disclosed herein and should not be construed as excluding other embodiments. It can be used in various other combinations, modifications, and environments, and can be altered within the scope of the concept described herein through the above teachings or related technologies or knowledge. Modifications and variations made by those skilled in the art that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A zero-power permanent magnet brake, comprising a stator and a rotor with their friction surfaces facing each other; the stator contains an electromagnetic coil, an internal magnet, and a permanent magnet; and further comprises a spring plate connected to the rotor, the spring plate being used to separate the rotor from the stator; characterized in that: The rotor includes a main armature connected to the spring plate and a secondary armature. The main armature has a circular ring structure and a radial guide post on its outer periphery. The secondary armature is slidably sleeved on the radial guide post and connected to the main armature through the leaf spring. The main armature is used to fix the rotating shaft. When the electromagnetic coil is not energized, the auxiliary armature abuts against the main armature under the action of the leaf spring to form a complete rotor. At this time, the permanent magnet attracts the friction surface of the rotor to the friction surface of the stator to achieve braking. When the electromagnetic coil is energized, it generates a reverse magnetic field to counteract the permanent magnet attraction. The spring plate causes the main armature to detach from the stator and rotate with the shaft. At this time, the auxiliary armature overcomes the elastic force of the leaf spring and separates from the main armature under the action of centrifugal force, so that it remains unbraked after the electromagnetic coil is de-energized.

2. The motion-zero power consumption permanent magnet brake according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of secondary armatures is four, and any one of the secondary armatures is an arc-shaped plate structure adapted to the main armature; four radial guide posts are spaced apart on the outer periphery of the main armature, and the four secondary armatures are slidably connected to the four radial guide posts respectively, and any one of the secondary armatures is connected to the main armature through a leaf spring.

3. A motion-zero power consumption permanent magnet brake according to claim 2, characterized in that: The four radial guide posts are arranged in a circular array about the central axis of the main armature.

4. A motion-zero power consumption permanent magnet brake according to claim 3, characterized in that: A guide hole is provided in the middle of any of the secondary armatures, and the guide hole is slidably connected to the corresponding radial guide post.

5. A motion-zero power consumption permanent magnet brake according to claim 4, characterized in that: The middle part of any leaf spring is connected to the end of the corresponding radial guide post near the main armature, and the two free ends of the leaf spring are respectively connected to the two free ends of the auxiliary armature.

6. A motion-zero power consumption permanent magnet brake according to claim 5, characterized in that: A limiting member is provided at the end of any of the radial guide posts away from the main armature, and the limiting member is used to prevent the secondary armature from separating from the radial guide post.

7. A motion-zero power consumption permanent magnet brake according to claim 5, characterized in that: The leaf spring has an arc-shaped leaf structure; after the secondary armature separates from the primary armature under the action of centrifugal force, the secondary armature slides along the radial guide post to a separation position away from the primary armature, and after the rotating shaft stops rotating, the secondary armature automatically resets and abuts against the primary armature under the elastic force of the leaf spring.

8. A motion-zero power consumption permanent magnet brake according to claim 2, characterized in that: The stator has a groove on its friction surface, and the electromagnetic coil, the inner magnet and the permanent magnet are all disposed in the groove.

9. A motion-zero power consumption permanent magnet brake according to claim 8, characterized in that: The friction surfaces of the stator and the rotor are both annular planes, and they are coaxially arranged opposite each other.

10. A motion-zero power consumption permanent magnet brake according to claim 7, characterized in that: Both the main armature and the secondary armature are made of magnetically conductive material. When the secondary armature abuts against the main armature, the two together form a complete closed magnetic circuit.

Images