Control method, control device, power supply system, and vehicle

Abstract

The application provides a control method, a control device, a power supply system and a vehicle, relates to the electrical technical field, is applied to a power supply system, and the power supply system at least includes a first power supply domain. The first power supply domain at least includes a first load. The method comprises the following steps: in response to first request information of the first load, first historical data is acquired. The first request information is used for requesting to change the working condition of the first load. The first historical data is used for indicating the interference degree of the previous change of the working condition of the first load on the power supply system. According to the first historical data, the first interference risk of the change of the working condition of the first load this time is determined. According to the first interference risk, the control parameter and / or change opportunity for changing the working condition of the first load this time are determined. According to the control parameter and / or change opportunity, the working condition of the first load is controlled to be changed. Based on the scheme, the source of electromagnetic interference can be actively inhibited, and the electromagnetic compatibility and power supply stability of the power supply system including multiple power supply domains are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of electrical technology, specifically to control methods, control devices, power supply systems, and vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] In power systems comprising multiple power supply domains (such as hybrid 48V and 12V architectures in automotive applications), voltage spikes and high-frequency oscillations are easily generated during transient processes such as load start-up, shutdown, and gear shifting. This type of electromagnetic interference typically propagates across domains to other power supply domains via direct-to-direct-current (DCDC) converters, common grounding, or parallel wiring harnesses, causing problems such as increased power bus ripple, sensor reference fluctuations, or communication anomalies.

[0003] To address the aforementioned electromagnetic interference issues, current methods typically involve adding passive hardware components such as filter capacitors and common-mode inductors at the load or DC-DC converter terminals. However, these passive hardware solutions significantly increase the system's size and cost, and can still easily trigger electromagnetic interference in the power supply domain when the load changes operating conditions, thus affecting the stable operation of the entire power supply system. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a control method, control device, power supply system, and vehicle that can actively suppress electromagnetic interference at its source, thereby improving the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) and power supply stability of a power supply system that includes multiple power supply domains.

[0005] In a first aspect, a control method is provided, applied to a power supply system, the power supply system including at least a first power supply domain, the first power supply domain including at least a first load, the method comprising: in response to the first request information of the first load, acquiring first historical data, the first request information being used to request a change in the operating condition of the first load, the first historical data being used to indicate the degree of interference to the power supply system caused by a previous change in the operating condition of the first load; determining a first interference risk of the current change in the operating condition of the first load based on the first historical data; determining control parameters and / or the timing of the change for the current change in the operating condition of the first load based on the first interference risk; and controlling the change in the operating condition of the first load based on the control parameters and / or the timing of the change.

[0006] For example, in an electrical system, the aforementioned controller is mainly used to monitor the operating status of the power supply system, receive operating requests from loads in the power supply domain, and output drive signals with corresponding parameters to control changes in load operating conditions. Taking a vehicle as an example, the aforementioned controller can be a body domain controller or a vehicle controller. The aforementioned body domain controller or vehicle controller is used to manage electrical equipment in one or more power supply domains within the vehicle, coordinate the timing of different load actions, and ensure the energy distribution of the vehicle's power distribution network and the stability of the electrical system.

[0007] For example, the control method described above is not limited to the vehicle field, but can also be applied to other electrical systems that include multiple power supply domains, such as industrial automation power distribution systems, aerospace electrical systems, data center power supply systems, and marine microgrid systems.

[0008] For example, taking a vehicle application scenario, the operating conditions of the first load mentioned above can include the operating states of different electric components in the vehicle. For instance, for a window drive motor or an electric door drive motor, the operating conditions can include forward lifting start, reverse lowering start, or braking stop; for an engine coolant pump or radiator fan, the operating conditions can include switching from a low-speed mode to a high-power operating mode, and the process of the load switching from a driving state to an energy feedback state.

[0009] Based on the above technical solution, this approach overcomes the limitations of traditional solutions where interference is generated first and then passively filtered. By pre-determining interference risks based on historical interference data and current operating parameters, and adjusting control parameters or timing of changes accordingly, it avoids transient electromagnetic shocks caused by directly driving the load with default initial parameters. This solution achieves active suppression of electromagnetic interference at its source, improving not only the electromagnetic compatibility and power supply stability of power systems with multiple power domains, but also reducing system hardware costs to some extent.

[0010] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the power supply system further includes a second power supply domain connected to the first power supply domain; the first historical data includes first interference data of the operating conditions of the first load previously changed on the second power supply domain.

[0011] For example, the first power supply domain and the second power supply domain can be connected via a DC-DC converter, or they can share the system's grounding loop. When the first load in the first power supply domain changes its operating conditions, the resulting transient voltage or current fluctuations will propagate to the second power supply domain along the aforementioned connection harness or common loop.

[0012] For example, the power system described above may further include a third power supply domain, which may be connected to the first and second power supply domains respectively, or only to a specific power supply domain. In this scenario where multiple domains coexist, the acquired first historical data may include not only the first interference data generated to the second power supply domain, but also the second interference data generated to the third power supply domain when the first load changed operating conditions previously.

[0013] Based on the above technical solution, using the first interference data generated in the second power supply domain as the evaluation basis, the actual impact of the first load's operation on other connected power supply domains can be determined. By simultaneously acquiring the disturbance quantities of multiple related power supply domains, a global-level cross-domain interference risk assessment can be performed on the entire complex power network. For multiple power supply domains with the same voltage level, the first historical data containing cross-domain interference data can also be used as the evaluation basis. By pre-adjusting the control parameters of the first load or changing the timing, conducted electromagnetic interference between domains with the same voltage level can be effectively avoided, ensuring the stability of power supply domains at the same voltage level.

[0014] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the voltage of the second power supply domain is lower than the voltage of the first power supply domain.

[0015] In a power system where high and low voltage power supply domains coexist, the high-voltage first load in the first power supply domain generates extremely high-amplitude transient currents and voltage surges during startup or switching due to its large operating voltage and current base, resulting in significant electromagnetic interference. In contrast, the disturbance energy generated by the low-voltage load during changes in operating conditions is smaller, and its interference impact on the high-voltage equipment can be ignored under certain specific circumstances.

[0016] Based on the above technical solution, by taking the first load on the high-voltage side as the control object and obtaining the first interference data it generates on the low-voltage side, the control parameters or timing of the change can be adjusted in advance, which can effectively prevent the high-power operation of the high-voltage side from damaging the fragile low-voltage side.

[0017] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the current operating condition of the first load is the first operating condition, the first request information is used to request the first load to be changed to the second operating condition, and the first historical data is used to indicate the degree of interference to the power supply system caused by changing the first load from the first operating condition to the second operating condition.

[0018] For example, a change in operating condition refers to the transitional process in which the load changes its operating state in response to a control command, resulting in transient electrical signal fluctuations. The aforementioned change in operating condition includes not only the switching start-up process of the load switching from a stopped state (i.e., the first operating condition) to an operating state (i.e., the second operating condition), but also the process of the load switching from a first operating mode (i.e., the first operating condition) to a second operating mode (i.e., the second operating condition).

[0019] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first operating state parameters of the power system are obtained; it is determined whether the first operating state parameters meet the power supply conditions for changing the operating condition of the first load; in response to the first operating state parameters meeting the power supply conditions, the first interference risk of the current change of the first load is determined based on the first historical data.

[0020] For example, if the first operating state parameters do not meet the above power supply conditions, it indicates that the current power system is in a state of power shortage or load limit. In this case, the above operation of assessing the interference risk can be postponed or skipped, and the corresponding power supply scheduling strategy can be executed directly based on the load attributes (or type) of the first load and its current state.

[0021] For example, if the first load is a non-safety-related load (such as comfort appliances in a vehicle, which may include audio equipment, ambient lighting, etc.) and it has not yet been started, the operating condition change request of the first load can be placed in a buffer queue for queuing, and a response can be made after the power system is restored to meet the power supply conditions.

[0022] For example, if the first load is a safety-related load (such as a brake assist motor, power steering system, etc.), a request to change the operating condition of the first load can be forcibly responded to according to the set safety priority strategy. In this case, control actions aimed at mitigating electromagnetic interference can be skipped (such as abandoning the switching edge of reducing the drive signal).

[0023] For example, if the first load is a non-safety-related load and is already in operation (e.g., currently running in the first operating mode and requesting a change to the more energy-intensive second operating mode), since the power supply conditions are not met, the request to change the operating condition of the first load can be temporarily suspended to avoid exacerbating the power shortage. However, if the first load triggers the protection mechanism of the underlying hardware of the power system (e.g., hardware overcurrent cutoff or overheat fuse), the current operating condition of the first load (e.g., remaining in the first operating mode) can be maintained without directly forcibly shutting down or interrupting it. This ensures that the power system does not experience voltage collapse while also maintaining some functional experience.

[0024] Based on the above technical solution, by introducing a judgment on the power supply capacity of the power system before risk assessment, it is possible to proceed with the subsequent active suppression process for transient electromagnetic interference only after confirming that the power system has basic power supply capacity. This effectively avoids ineffective interference risk assessment when the power supply capacity of the power system is limited. It not only saves the controller's computing resources, but also avoids the bus voltage drop caused by forcibly changing the operating conditions when the power supply is insufficient. This significantly improves the stability of the power system operation and the rationality of the control logic.

[0025] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first operating state parameter includes at least one of the voltage and current of at least one power supply domain in the power supply system and the power supply power margin of the power supply system; the power supply condition corresponds to at least one of the following: the voltage of at least one power supply domain is greater than or equal to the corresponding voltage threshold; the current of at least one power supply domain is less than or equal to the corresponding current threshold; and the power supply power margin is greater than or equal to the power threshold.

[0026] For example, the aforementioned first operating state parameter can be used to objectively characterize the current load level and basic power supply capacity of the power system.

[0027] For example, the above power supply conditions can be expanded to suit specific application scenarios. For instance, they can also include: the operating temperature of the power supply equipment (e.g., power conversion equipment or energy storage battery) in the power system is less than or equal to the corresponding temperature threshold. When this condition is met, it can prevent the transient current caused by load changes from accelerating device heating and triggering the hardware's thermal protection shutdown. Alternatively, it can include: the rate of change of the bus voltage or current in at least one power supply domain is less than or equal to the corresponding fluctuation threshold. This condition can be used to assess the current dynamic stability of the system. When this condition is met, it can prevent the current load action from superimposing with the instantaneous disturbance energy of other loads within the same time window. Alternatively, it can include: the state of charge (SOC) of the main energy storage device (e.g., power battery) in the power system is greater than or equal to the corresponding energy threshold. When this condition is met, it can ensure that the energy storage device has sufficient transient discharge capability and prevent the bus voltage from dropping sharply due to transient load in a low-energy state.

[0028] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, reference operating parameters of the first load are obtained, the reference operating parameters including at least one of the following: the operating power of the first load, the operating condition change frequency, and the driving parameters used for the operating condition change; and the first interference risk is determined based on the reference operating parameters, the first historical data, and the first operating status parameters.

[0029] For example, the reference operating parameters objectively affect the actual intensity of transient electromagnetic shocks. For instance, the higher the operating power of the first load, the higher the peak value of the transient current generated in the circuit when the operating conditions change; the higher the frequency of operating condition changes, the higher the probability of multiple interferences superimposed; and the larger the driving parameters, the greater the voltage change rate.

[0030] For example, to further ensure the reliability of the first historical data in the aforementioned risk assessment, the confidence level of the first historical data used can be used as a calibration factor for assessing the interference risk when determining the first interference risk. If the confidence level is in the low confidence range, to avoid insufficient risk prediction due to referencing incompletely matching data, a corresponding redundancy coefficient can be added to the interference level obtained from the aforementioned assessment, thereby appropriately increasing the first interference risk.

[0031] For example, considering the multivariate interaction characteristics of cross-domain electromagnetic coupling paths in a power supply system, a machine learning model can be introduced for risk assessment. By acquiring the current operating conditions of the first load and the current operating state parameters of the power supply system, and combining them with interference features contained in the first historical data, the acquired operating conditions, operating state parameters, and interference features are extracted and constructed into a multidimensional input feature vector. This multidimensional input feature vector is then input into a pre-configured neural network model for processing.

[0032] Based on the above technical solution, by introducing reference operating parameters of the first load in the evaluation process, the determined first interference risk not only covers the impact of historical interference patterns and the current power supply environment, but also takes into account the strength of the actual electrical impact caused by the different operating power and driving methods of the load.

[0033] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the rate of change of the drive signal in the control parameters decreases as the first interference risk increases, the timing of the change is postponed as the first interference risk increases, and the drive signal is used to drive the first load change condition.

[0034] For example, control parameters are used to determine the output characteristics of the drive signal in the time or frequency domain, such as the duty cycle change rate of the pulse width modulation signal, the ramp-up slope of the drive voltage, or the drive current. Change timing is used to indicate the point in time or time window at which to execute the operating condition change command, such as immediate response, response after a specific delay, or queuing until a specific power supply state (corresponding to a specified time window) before responding.

[0035] For example, when the first interference risk is less than the first risk threshold, it indicates that the possibility of triggering cross-domain electromagnetic interference is extremely low, or the interference energy is within a completely controllable range. In this case, the control parameters for the current operating condition used to change the first load are set to the normal drive change rate (i.e., hard switch on), and the change timing is set to immediate response.

[0036] For example, when the first interference risk is greater than or equal to the first risk threshold and less than or equal to the second risk threshold, it indicates that there is a moderate interference risk. In this case, the interference can be actively suppressed by reducing the rate of change of the driving signal and postponing the timing of the change.

[0037] For example, when the first interference risk exceeds the second risk threshold, it indicates a serious interference risk that could easily cause substantial damage to sensitive communication buses or devices within the power system. In this case, the suppression of interference can be further strengthened by reducing the rate of change of the drive signal and postponing the change, building upon the aforementioned moderate suppression.

[0038] For example, in scenarios with multiple loads running concurrently, the aforementioned adjustment of the "timing of change" is essentially to implement a queuing mechanism and off-peak scheduling. When multiple loads request to change their operating conditions within the same time window, if they are executed concurrently directly, it is very easy to cause a drastic superposition of transient power, thereby generating electromagnetic wave peaks that are difficult to suppress.

[0039] Based on the above technical solutions, a higher interference risk means that the current actions are more likely to generate destructive high-frequency electromagnetic noise or cause a deep voltage drop in the network. In this case, by further reducing the rate of change of the drive signal (i.e., making the voltage or current rise process smoother), the amplitude of high-frequency harmonic energy can be weakened at the source; and / or, by further delaying the timing of operating condition changes, a more sufficient window for attenuation and calming of existing transient disturbances in the power supply network can be provided, effectively offsetting the electromagnetic shocks brought about by high risks.

[0040] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the control parameter and the timing of the change are also related to the load type of the first load, including: when the first load is a necessary load, the control parameter is a first control parameter, and / or, the timing of the change is a first change timing; when the first load is a non-necessary load, the control parameter is a second control parameter, and / or, the timing of the change is a second change timing; wherein, the rate of change of the drive signal corresponding to the second control parameter is less than the rate of change of the drive signal corresponding to the first control parameter, and the second change timing is later than the first change timing.

[0041] For example, necessary loads can be core safety loads directly related to vehicle driving, such as brake assist motors and power steering systems; non-essential loads can be electrical components other than core safety components, such as window lift motors and air conditioning compressors.

[0042] Based on the above technical solutions, the differentiated scheduling mechanism for different load types can effectively balance the electromagnetic compatibility and functional safety of the system.

[0043] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, during the process of changing the operating condition of the first load, the second operating state parameters of the power system are obtained; based on the second operating state parameters, the first disturbance amount generated by the first load is determined; when the first disturbance amount is greater than the disturbance amount threshold, a degradation strategy is executed on the first load, the degradation strategy including at least one of the following: interrupting the operation of the first load, reducing the operating power of the first load, limiting the drive current of the first load, or limiting the drive voltage of the first load.

[0044] For example, the process of changing the operating condition of the first load mentioned above not only includes the dynamic change process of the first load transitioning from the current operating condition to the target operating condition (such as the process of load opening and closing, power jump and step drop, sudden change in operating speed, etc. leading to transient electrical shocks), but also includes the entire continuous operating state of the first load under the target operating condition after completing the above-mentioned operating condition switch.

[0045] For example, in addition to the rule comparison method based on the disturbance threshold mentioned above, the continuously acquired second operating state parameter or the first disturbance can also be input into the pre-trained disturbance decision model; through the neural network structure or classification algorithm inside the disturbance decision model, the target degradation instruction or continuous degradation control coefficient can be directly output.

[0046] For example, a cost function that includes power supply network stability indicators and load operation performance indicators can also be constructed; during the first load change operation, the optimal load power allocation solution at the current moment is solved in real time with the goal of minimizing the above cost function.

[0047] Based on the above technical solution, after changing the operating conditions of the first load, by continuously acquiring the second operating status parameters of the power system, the operating parameters of the first load can be continuously and dynamically adjusted based on the real-time power system status. This can continuously prevent sudden changes in the operating conditions of the first load from causing transient impacts and electromagnetic interference to the power system, and ensure the stability of the power supply network at all times.

[0048] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the second operating state parameter includes: the voltage and / or current of at least one power supply domain in the power supply system; the first disturbance quantity corresponds to at least one of the following: the voltage fluctuation amplitude, voltage envelope amplitude, or current fluctuation amplitude of at least one power supply domain; the disturbance quantity threshold includes safety thresholds corresponding to the voltage fluctuation amplitude, voltage envelope amplitude, or current fluctuation amplitude, respectively.

[0049] For example, voltage fluctuation amplitude can characterize the depth of the dip or the peak value of the rise of the power bus voltage at the moment of the first load action; voltage envelope amplitude can characterize the peak-to-peak height of the high-frequency ripple or AC harmonic superimposed on the DC bus; and current fluctuation amplitude can characterize the peak value of the transient surge current generated when the first load action occurs.

[0050] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the second interference data of the operating condition of the first load change is obtained, the second interference data including the first disturbance amount; and the second interference data is added to the first historical data.

[0051] For example, the second disturbance data may include not only the first disturbance measured in this instance, but also the environmental characteristics at the time of the change and the actual control parameters issued.

[0052] For example, if the actual first disturbance generated in this change is higher than the predicted disturbance risk, the control system can add the aforementioned second disturbance data to correct the risk prediction results in advance and match more gradual control parameters or a more delayed change timing when encountering the same load type, the same operating condition change request, and the same power system operating status parameters in the next time.

[0053] Based on the above technical solution, by acquiring second disturbance data containing the first disturbance amount and adding the second disturbance data to the first historical data, the actual disturbance results generated during the operating condition change process can be continuously fed back to the dataset used for risk assessment. Therefore, when the same operating condition change is subsequently performed, the first historical data containing the latest disturbance data can be directly used to assess the first disturbance risk, thereby dynamically correcting risk prediction deviations and helping to improve the accuracy of determining control parameters and the timing of changes.

[0054] Secondly, a control device is provided, which can be applied to a power supply system, the power supply system including at least a first power supply domain, the first power supply domain including at least a first load, the control device including: an acquisition unit, configured to acquire first historical data in response to a first request information from the first load, the first request information being used to request a change in the operating condition of the first load, the first historical data being used to indicate the degree of interference to the power supply system caused by a previous change in the operating condition of the first load; a determination unit, configured to determine a first interference risk of changing the operating condition of the first load in this instance based on the first historical data; and to determine control parameters and / or the timing of the change in the operating condition of the first load in this instance based on the first interference risk; and a control unit, configured to control the change in the operating condition of the first load based on the control parameters and / or the timing of the change.

[0055] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the power supply system further includes a second power supply domain connected to the first power supply domain; the first historical data includes first interference data of the operating conditions of the first load previously changed on the second power supply domain.

[0056] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the voltage of the second power supply domain is lower than the voltage of the first power supply domain.

[0057] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, when the current operating condition of the first load is the first operating condition, the first request information is used to request the first load to be changed to the second operating condition, and the first historical data is used to indicate the degree of interference to the power supply system caused by changing the first load from the first operating condition to the second operating condition.

[0058] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the aforementioned acquisition unit is further configured to: acquire the first operating state parameters of the power system; the determination unit is specifically configured to: determine whether the first operating state parameters meet the power supply conditions for changing the operating condition of the first load; in response to the first operating state parameters meeting the power supply conditions, determine the first interference risk of the current change of the first load operating condition based on the first historical data.

[0059] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the aforementioned first operating state parameter includes at least one of the voltage and current of at least one power supply domain in the power supply system and the power supply power margin of the power supply system; the power supply conditions correspond to at least one of the following: the voltage of at least one power supply domain is greater than or equal to the corresponding voltage threshold; the current of at least one power supply domain is less than or equal to the corresponding current threshold; and the power supply power margin is greater than or equal to the power threshold.

[0060] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the aforementioned determining unit is specifically used to: obtain reference operating parameters of the first load, the reference operating parameters including at least one of the following: the operating power of the first load, the operating condition change frequency, and the driving parameters for the operating condition change; and determine the first interference risk based on the reference operating parameters, the first historical data, and the first operating status parameters.

[0061] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the rate of change of the drive signal in the above control parameters decreases as the first interference risk increases, the timing of the change is postponed as the first interference risk increases, and the drive signal is used to drive the first load change condition.

[0062] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the aforementioned control parameters and change timing are also related to the load type of the first load, including: when the first load is a necessary load, the control parameter is a first control parameter, and / or, the change timing is a first change timing; when the first load is a non-necessary load, the control parameter is a second control parameter, and / or, the change timing is a second change timing; wherein, the rate of change of the drive signal corresponding to the second control parameter is less than the rate of change of the drive signal corresponding to the first control parameter, and the second change timing is later than the first change timing.

[0063] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, during the process of changing the first load operating condition, the aforementioned acquisition unit is further configured to: acquire the second operating state parameters of the power system; the determination unit is further configured to: determine the first disturbance amount generated by the first load based on the second operating state parameters; and the control unit is further configured to: execute a degradation strategy on the first load when the first disturbance amount is greater than the disturbance amount threshold, wherein the degradation strategy includes at least one of the following: interrupting the operation of the first load, reducing the operating power of the first load, limiting the drive current of the first load, or limiting the drive voltage of the first load.

[0064] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the aforementioned second operating state parameters include: the voltage and / or current of at least one power supply domain in the power supply system; the first disturbance quantity corresponds to at least one of the following: the voltage fluctuation amplitude, voltage envelope amplitude, or current fluctuation amplitude of at least one power supply domain; the disturbance quantity threshold includes safety thresholds corresponding to the voltage fluctuation amplitude, voltage envelope amplitude, or current fluctuation amplitude, respectively.

[0065] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the control device further includes: a data maintenance unit, used to acquire second interference data of the current change in the first load, the second interference data including the first disturbance amount; and to add the second interference data to the first historical data.

[0066] Thirdly, a control device is provided, including at least one processor coupled to at least one memory, the at least one processor being configured to execute a computer program or instructions stored in at least one memory to cause the device to perform a method as described in any possible implementation of the first aspect.

[0067] In conjunction with the third aspect, in some implementations of the third aspect, the control device further includes a sampling circuit, which includes a low-frequency sampling channel and a high-frequency sampling channel, wherein the low-frequency sampling channel is used to acquire low-frequency signals of the power supply system and the high-frequency sampling channel is used to acquire high-frequency signals of the power supply system.

[0068] Fourthly, a power supply system is provided, comprising: at least one power supply domain including a first load; and a control device as in any possible implementation of the second or third aspect, the control device being connected to the first load for controlling changes in the operating conditions of the first load.

[0069] Fifthly, a vehicle is provided, including a power system as described in the fourth aspect.

[0070] In a sixth aspect, a computer program product is provided, comprising: computer program code, which, when executed on a computer, causes the computer to perform the method in any possible implementation of the first aspect.

[0071] In a seventh aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, the computer-readable medium storing a computer program that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the method in any possible implementation of the first aspect. Attached Figure Description

[0072] Figure 1 This is a functional schematic diagram of the vehicle 100 provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a control method 200 proposed in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the load scheduling business logic of a power system provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a system architecture of a control architecture 400 proposed in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of a control architecture 400 proposed in an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 These are schematic diagrams of the circuit structures of the two sampling channels provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic block diagram of a control device 700 proposed in an embodiment of this application; Figure 8 This is a schematic block diagram of a control device 800 proposed in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0073] It should be noted that, in the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise stated, " / " means "or". For example, A / B can mean A or B. The "and / or" in this article is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone.

[0074] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" refers to two or more, and "at least one" and "one or more" refer to one, two, or more than two. The singular expressions "a," "an," "the," "the," "the," and "this" are intended to also include expressions such as "one or more," unless the context explicitly indicates otherwise.

[0075] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" as described in this specification mean that one or more embodiments of this application include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment. Therefore, the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," "in still other embodiments," etc., appearing in different parts of this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more, but not all, embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and variations thereof mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0076] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0077] Figure 1 This is a functional schematic diagram of the vehicle 100 provided in an embodiment of this application. The vehicle is an application scenario of the technical solution proposed in this embodiment.

[0078] Vehicle 100 may include multiple subsystems, such as perception system 110 and computing platform 120. Optionally, vehicle 100 may include more or fewer subsystems, and each subsystem may include one or more components. In addition, each subsystem and component of vehicle 100 may be interconnected via wired or wireless means.

[0079] The perception system 110 may include several types of sensors for sensing information about the environment surrounding the vehicle 100. For example, the perception system 110 may include a positioning system, which may be a global positioning system (GPS), a BeiDou system, or another positioning system. The perception system 110 may include one or more of the following: an inertial measurement unit (IMU), lidar, millimeter-wave radar, ultrasonic radar, and a camera device.

[0080] Some or all of the functions of vehicle 100 can be controlled by computing platform 120. Computing platform 120 may include processors 121 to 12n (n being a positive integer). A processor is a circuit with signal processing capabilities. In one implementation, the processor can be a circuit with instruction read and execute capabilities, such as a central processing unit (CPU), microprocessor unit (MPU), graphics processing unit (GPU) (which can be understood as a type of microprocessor), or digital signal processor (DSP). In another implementation, the processor can implement certain functions through the logical relationships of hardware circuits. These logical relationships are fixed or reconfigurable. For example, the processor may be a hardware circuit implemented using an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) or a programmable logic device (PLD), such as a field-programmable gate array (FPGA). In reconfigurable hardware circuits, the process of the processor loading a configuration document and configuring the hardware circuit can be understood as the process of the processor loading instructions to implement related functions. Furthermore, the processor can also be a hardware circuit designed for artificial intelligence, which can be understood as an ASIC, such as a neural network processing unit (NPU), tensor processing unit (TPU), deep learning processing unit (DPU), etc. In addition, the computing platform 120 may also include a memory for storing instructions. Some or all of the processors 121 to 12n can call the instructions in the memory to implement the corresponding functions.

[0081] The computing platform 120 can control the functions of the vehicle 100 based on inputs received from various subsystems (e.g., the sensing system 110). In some embodiments, the computing platform 120 can be used to provide control over many aspects of the vehicle 100 and its subsystems.

[0082] Optionally, the above components are just an example. In actual applications, the components in each of the above modules may be added or deleted as needed.

[0083] The vehicle 100 in this application may include: road vehicles, water vehicles, air vehicles, industrial equipment, agricultural equipment, or entertainment equipment, etc. For example, the vehicle 100 may be a means of transportation (such as commercial vehicles, passenger cars, motorcycles, flying cars, trains, etc.), industrial vehicles (such as forklifts, trailers, tractors, etc.), engineering vehicles (such as excavators, bulldozers, cranes, etc.), agricultural equipment (such as lawnmowers, harvesters, etc.), amusement equipment, toy vehicles, etc.; or the vehicle 100 may include a mobile device with wheels or tracks, etc. The embodiments of this application do not specifically limit the type of vehicle.

[0084] As automotive power supply and distribution systems gradually evolve towards a hybrid 48V and 12V power supply and distribution architecture, vehicles typically retain a 12V power supply domain for sensitive electronic devices, while high-power loads such as fans, water pumps, power doors, and power windows are assigned to the 48V power supply domain.

[0085] In power systems comprising multiple power supply domains (such as the hybrid power distribution architecture used in vehicles mentioned above), voltage spikes and high-frequency oscillations are easily generated in the power supply domain circuits during transient processes such as load start-up, stopping, and gear shifting. This type of electromagnetic interference typically propagates across domains to other power supply domains via internal parasitic paths of the DC-DC converter, potential fluctuations in the common ground chassis ground wire, and electromagnetic coupling between parallel wiring harnesses within the vehicle. When electromagnetic interference propagates across domains to other power supply domains, it increases the voltage ripple on the power bus, causing fluctuations in sensor reference voltage or abnormal data transmission on the communication bus, thereby affecting the stable operation of the entire power system.

[0086] To address the aforementioned electromagnetic interference issues, current technical solutions primarily employ passive protection at the hardware level. For example, passive hardware components such as filter capacitors and common-mode inductors are added to the load or the input / output terminals of the DC-DC converter for suppression.

[0087] However, such passive hardware solutions have several technical limitations in practical applications. First, adding hardware components such as filter capacitors and common-mode inductors increases the physical size and hardware cost of the power supply system. Second, existing passive hardware solutions struggle to actively suppress cross-domain electromagnetic interference; they typically only detect whether the voltage or current of the local circuit exceeds a single fixed threshold, failing to determine the extent of cross-domain interference across different power supply domains. Furthermore, existing solutions can only rely on adding hardware filters for post-event rectification.

[0088] Therefore, in scenarios where multiple loads frequently change operating conditions or there are concurrent operation requests, relying solely on passive hardware filtering is insufficient to eliminate the impact of electromagnetic interference propagation across domains, and the power supply system is still prone to electromagnetic interference problems during operating condition changes.

[0089] Therefore, this application proposes a control method that can be executed by a controller. In an electrical system, the controller is mainly used to monitor the operating status of the power supply system, receive operating requests from loads in the power supply domain, and output drive signals with corresponding parameters to control changes in load operating conditions.

[0090] Taking a vehicle as an example, the aforementioned controller can be a body domain controller or a vehicle controller. The aforementioned body domain controller or vehicle controller is used to manage the electrical equipment in one or more power supply domains within the vehicle, coordinate the timing of different loads, and ensure the energy distribution of the vehicle's power distribution network and the stability of the electrical system.

[0091] It should be noted that the above control method is not limited to the vehicle field, but can also be applied to other electrical systems that include multiple power supply domains, such as industrial automation power distribution systems, aerospace electrical systems, data center power supply systems, and marine microgrid systems. For ease of description, this application primarily uses vehicles as an application scenario to introduce the above control method.

[0092] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a control method 200 proposed in an embodiment of this application.

[0093] The control method 200 can be applied to a power supply system, and the controller executing the control method 200 can be used to control the power supply system. The power supply system in this embodiment can be understood as a collection of hardware and control units for providing, distributing, or managing electrical energy. In a specific application scenario, the power supply system can be a power supply system in a vehicle electrical system (such as a vehicle low-voltage and high-voltage power distribution system, a power management system, etc.); or, the power supply system can also be a power supply system in an energy storage device, industrial control equipment, or a server rack. For ease of description, the control method 200 is described in conjunction with the following power supply system architecture, wherein the power supply system includes at least a first power supply domain, and the first power supply domain includes at least a first load.

[0094] refer to Figure 2 As shown, the control method 200 may include the following operations: S210: In response to the first request information of the first load, obtain first historical data, wherein the first request information is used to request a change in the operating condition of the first load, and the first historical data is used to indicate the degree of interference to the power supply system caused by the previous change in the operating condition of the first load.

[0095] In the embodiments of this application, "change of operating condition" refers to the transition process in which the load changes its operating state in response to a control command, resulting in transient electrical signal fluctuations. The aforementioned change of operating condition includes not only the switching start process of the load switching from a stopped state (i.e., the first operating condition) to a running state (i.e., the second operating condition), but also the process of the load switching from a first operating mode (i.e., the first operating condition) to a second operating mode (i.e., the second operating condition).

[0096] Therefore, assuming that the current operating condition of the first load is the first operating condition, the first request information can be used to request the change of the first load to the second operating condition. Correspondingly, the first historical data can be used to indicate the degree of interference to the power system caused by changing the first load from the first operating condition to the second operating condition.

[0097] In some possible embodiments, taking a vehicle application scenario as an example, the operating conditions of the first load mentioned above may include the operating states of different electric components in the vehicle. For example, for a window drive motor or an electric door drive motor, the operating conditions may include forward lifting start, reverse lowering start, or braking stop; for an engine coolant pump or radiator fan, the operating conditions may include switching from a low-speed mode to a high-power operating mode, and the process of the load switching from a driving state to an energy feedback state.

[0098] At the instant the load undergoes the aforementioned change in operating conditions, the equivalent impedance of the load will change abruptly, generating a transient current with a high rate of change in the load circuit. When this changing transient current passes through the parasitic inductance of conductors and components, it will induce voltage spikes and high-frequency oscillations. These high-frequency oscillation signals will propagate along power lines, common ground loops, or spatial coupling paths, thereby causing electromagnetic interference to other devices in the power system (including those in the same power supply domain and other power supply domains).

[0099] To quantify this interference characteristic, during the previous change of the first load's operating conditions, the operating status parameters of the power system (such as the voltage and / or current of the power supply domain) were simultaneously acquired to determine the amount of disturbance generated by the first load. The aforementioned first historical data includes interference data acquired during the previous change of the first load's operating conditions. Therefore, the degree of interference indicated by the first historical data can include disturbances such as the voltage fluctuation amplitude, voltage envelope amplitude, or current fluctuation amplitude of the corresponding power supply domain caused by the previous change of the first load's operating conditions.

[0100] S220: Based on the first historical data, determine the first disturbance risk of the first load condition in this change.

[0101] Because the electromagnetic transient response characteristics of a load exhibited when its operating conditions change under similar physical environments and power supply conditions, there is a reproducible pattern. Based on this pattern, the first historical data from past measurements can reflect the inherent electromagnetic radiation and conducted interference intensity of the load.

[0102] In some possible embodiments, the aforementioned first historical data may include not only interference data acquired when the first load previously changed its operating condition, but also environmental reference information related to the time the interference data was generated. This includes, for example, the initial operating condition of the first load when it previously changed its operating condition, the target operating condition to which it is to be changed, and the operating status parameters of the power system at that time. The operating status parameters of the power system may include the bus voltage of the first power supply domain, the bus voltage of the associated power supply domain (e.g., the second power supply domain), and electrical parameters such as the power supply margin of the power conversion equipment (e.g., a DC-DC converter) used for cross-domain power transmission. Therefore, by reading the first historical data and comparing it with the current operating condition of the first load and the operating status parameters of the power system, the degree of interference that may be caused by the current change in the operating condition of the first load can be determined.

[0103] Based on this, in order to further determine the first interference risk of the first load's operating condition change, in addition to relying on the aforementioned first historical data and the first operating status parameters of the current power system, a comprehensive evaluation can also be conducted by combining the operating characteristics of the first load itself. For example, reference operating parameters of the first load can be obtained, which include at least one of the following: the operating power of the first load, the frequency of operating condition changes, and the driving parameters used for operating condition changes.

[0104] Among these factors, the reference operating parameters objectively influence the actual intensity of transient electromagnetic shocks. For example, the higher the operating power of the first load, the higher the peak value of the transient current generated in the circuit when the operating conditions change; the higher the frequency of operating condition changes, the higher the probability of multiple interferences superimposed; and the larger the driving parameters, the greater the voltage change rate.

[0105] Based on the aforementioned electrical principles, the acquired reference operating parameters, first historical data, and the current operating state parameters of the power system can be used together as the evaluation basis. By inputting these three types of parameters into a trained risk assessment model for weighted calculation or feature comparison, the corresponding risk level or quantitative score is output. By introducing the reference operating parameters of the first load in the evaluation process, the determined first interference risk not only covers the impact of historical interference patterns and the current power supply environment but also takes into account the differences in the transient action characteristics of the load itself.

[0106] In some possible embodiments, to further ensure the reliability of the first historical data in the aforementioned risk assessment, the confidence level of the first historical data can be used as a calibration factor for assessing the interference risk when determining the first interference risk. For example, the current initial operating condition of the first load, the target operating condition for the requested change, and the current operating status parameters of the power system can be compared with the environmental reference information associated with the first historical data. If the environmental reference information recorded in the first historical data is consistent with or deviates from the current working conditions and operating status parameters within a specified range, it indicates that the reference value of the first historical data is high, and the confidence level corresponding to the first historical data is determined to be in the high confidence interval. If the environmental reference information recorded in the first historical data only partially matches the current working conditions or operating status parameters, it indicates that the first historical data only has partial reference value, and the confidence level corresponding to the first historical data is determined to be in the low confidence level range.

[0107] Based on the comparison and analysis process of the above information and parameters, the confidence level of the first historical data called can be determined.

[0108] Furthermore, based on the determined confidence level, the final assessment result of the first interference risk can be adjusted: When the confidence level is in the high confidence range, the quantitative value or risk level can be directly output as the first interference risk based on the comprehensive evaluation results of the above multiple parameters.

[0109] When the confidence level is in the low confidence range, in order to avoid insufficient risk prediction due to reference to incompletely matching data, a corresponding redundancy coefficient can be added to the interference level obtained from the above assessment, thereby appropriately increasing the first interference risk.

[0110] Furthermore, if corresponding historical data has not yet been accumulated, or if the confidence level determined after comparison is lower than the effective threshold, the first interference risk can be directly identified as a high-risk level. This high-risk level allows for the use of more conservative parameters to drive the load. Through the above evaluation process combining load operating parameters and confidence level calibration, a quantitative value or corresponding risk level is ultimately output. This quantitative value or risk level is the first interference risk, used to characterize the possibility and extent of cross-domain electromagnetic interference caused by this change in operating conditions.

[0111] In some possible embodiments, considering the multivariate interaction characteristics of cross-domain electromagnetic coupling paths in the power supply system, machine learning models can be introduced for risk assessment. By acquiring the current operating conditions of the first load and the current operating state parameters of the power supply system, and combining them with interference features contained in the first historical data, the acquired operating conditions, operating state parameters, and interference features are extracted and constructed into a multidimensional input feature vector. This multidimensional input feature vector is then input into a pre-configured neural network model for processing. This neural network model can be pre-trained based on sample data accumulated during the past operation of the power supply system. The weight parameters within this neural network model map the electromagnetic disturbance patterns generated under different combinations of operating state parameters of the power supply system and load action characteristics. After matrix operations in the hidden layers and processing based on nonlinear activation functions, the multidimensional input feature vector in the neural network model extracts deep feature information. The output layer of the neural network model then outputs a predicted value or classification label representing the interference intensity. Based on the nonlinear mapping and forward propagation calculation process of the multidimensional input feature vector by the neural network model, the final output predicted value or classification label can be used to indicate the aforementioned first interference risk.

[0112] S230: Based on the first disturbance risk, determine the control parameters and / or timing of the change for the operating condition used to change the first load.

[0113] Among them, the control parameters are used to determine the output characteristics of the drive signal in the time domain or frequency domain, such as the duty cycle change rate of the pulse width modulation signal, the ramp-up slope of the drive voltage, or the drive current. The change timing is used to indicate the time point or time window for executing the operating condition change command, such as immediate response, response after a certain delay, or queuing and waiting until a specific power supply state (corresponding to the specified time window) before responding.

[0114] In some possible embodiments, when the determined first interference risk indicates a high level of interference, it suggests that directly executing the operating condition change according to the initial parameters is more likely to cause a sudden drop in the power system bus voltage or generate transient interference waveforms. Based on a high first interference risk, by determining smoother control parameters or a more delayed change timing, the edge of the drive signal change can be softened, reducing the peak rate of change of the transient current; or the aforementioned first load can avoid the current power system's power supply margin being insufficient or the bus voltage being low, waiting until the power system's bus voltage or power supply margin recovers to the corresponding threshold before executing the action. Therefore, using the first interference risk as the basis for determining control parameters and change timing can weaken transient impact energy and provide a guarantee for the stable operation of the power system.

[0115] S240: Control the first load change condition according to control parameters and / or the timing of the change.

[0116] After determining the aforementioned control parameters and / or the timing of their change, a corresponding drive signal will be generated based on the determined control parameters. This signal can be sent at the time indicated by the change timing, or a control command containing the aforementioned control parameters and / or the timing of the change can be sent to the first load. The specific control process can be executed based on the comparison result between the first interference risk and the risk threshold. If the initial interference risk is less than the risk threshold, the determined control parameters can be the initial default parameters, and the timing of the change can be an immediate response. In this case, the drive level can be directly output according to the default drive mode of the first load (e.g., using a conventional switching edge slope), and the first load can be immediately triggered to change to the target operating condition.

[0117] When the initial interference risk is greater than or equal to the risk threshold, the determined control parameters can be smoothed-out adjusted parameters, and the change timing can be delayed. In one implementation, the adjusted control parameters (e.g., reduced switching edge slope or limited drive current) are used to output the drive level, allowing the first load to smoothly transition to the target operating condition. In another implementation, according to the determined delayed change timing, the operating condition change request is placed in a buffer queue, and the first load is triggered to start operating only after the set timing conditions are met (e.g., the aforementioned bus voltage or power supply margin recovers to the corresponding threshold). The above-mentioned methods of adjusting control parameters and delaying change timing can be used individually or in combination to achieve the operating condition change of the first load while ensuring the stability of the power system.

[0118] As can be seen from S210 to S240 above, the control method proposed in this application is a control mechanism capable of actively suppressing electromagnetic interference. In conventional power system electromagnetic compatibility design, passive defense measures such as adding filter capacitors, magnetic rings, isolation transformers, or using shielded cables to the hardware circuit are usually relied upon. These passive measures can only attenuate or block electromagnetic interference after it is generated and propagates in space or cables. This not only increases the hardware cost and size of the system, but also has limited suppression capabilities, making it difficult to cope with the dynamically superimposed interference energy under complex multi-load conditions.

[0119] In contrast, the control method provided in this application, before the first load actually performs an action, assesses the potential transient electromagnetic shock (i.e., the first interference risk) caused by the action by calling first historical data and current operating state parameters. Based on this, the originally fixed control command is transformed into a dynamic adaptive control strategy. By adjusting the control parameters, the excitation conditions of transient electromagnetic energy are directly changed from the source, reducing the generation of high-frequency harmonic components; and / or by adjusting the timing of operating condition changes, the instantaneous disturbances generated by multiple load actions are avoided from superimposing within the same time window.

[0120] Based on the above technical solution, this approach overcomes the limitations of traditional solutions where interference is generated first and then passively filtered. By pre-determining interference risks based on historical interference data and current operating parameters, and adjusting control parameters or timing of changes accordingly, it avoids transient electromagnetic shocks caused by directly driving the load with default initial parameters. This solution achieves active suppression of electromagnetic interference at its source, not only improving the electromagnetic compatibility and power supply stability of power systems containing multiple power domains, but also reducing system hardware costs to some extent.

[0121] In some possible embodiments, the power system may include a second power supply domain in addition to the first power supply domain. The second power supply domain is connected to the first power supply domain. For example, the first power supply domain and the second power supply domain can be connected through a DC-DC converter, or they can share the system's grounding loop.

[0122] For example, when the operating condition of the first load in the first power supply domain changes, the resulting transient voltage or current fluctuations will propagate to the second power supply domain along the aforementioned connecting harness or common circuit. Therefore, the acquired first historical data may include first interference data generated by the previous change in the operating condition of the first load on the second power supply domain. Thus, by using the first interference data generated on the second power supply domain as an evaluation basis, the actual impact of the first load's operation on other connected power supply domains can be determined.

[0123] Furthermore, in the actual system architecture, the voltage of the second power supply domain can be lower than the voltage of the first power supply domain. That is, the first power supply domain is the high-voltage side (e.g., the 300V or 800V power supply network of a vehicle), and the second power supply domain is the low-voltage side (e.g., the 12V or 48V control network of a vehicle).

[0124] In a power system where high and low voltage power supply domains coexist, the high-voltage first load in the first power supply domain generates extremely high-amplitude transient currents and voltage surges during startup or switching due to its large operating voltage and current base, resulting in significant electromagnetic interference. In contrast, the disturbance energy generated by the low-voltage load during changes in operating conditions is smaller, and its interference impact on the high-voltage equipment can be ignored under certain specific circumstances.

[0125] Furthermore, the second power supply domain on the low-voltage side typically connects to low-voltage electronic devices sensitive to voltage fluctuations, such as microcontroller units (MCUs), sensors, and communication buses. When large-scale interference generated on the high-voltage side propagates to the low-voltage side, it can easily exceed the tolerance limits of these low-voltage electronic devices, leading to device resets, damage, or loss of communication messages. Therefore, in practical applications, preventing interference from the high-voltage side to the low-voltage side is a common scenario.

[0126] Based on the scenario where the voltage of the second power supply domain is lower than that of the first power supply domain, this application embodiment takes the first load on the high-voltage side as the control object. By acquiring the first interference data it generates on the low-voltage side, its control parameters or change timing are adjusted in advance, which can effectively prevent the high-power operation on the high-voltage side from damaging the fragile low-voltage side.

[0127] In some possible embodiments, in addition to the high and low voltage architecture comprising the first power supply domain and the second power supply domain described above, the power supply system may also include more power supply domains or power supply domains with different voltage relationships.

[0128] For example, the power system described above may further include a third power supply domain, which may be connected to the first and second power supply domains respectively, or only to specific power supply domains. In this scenario of multiple domains coexisting, the acquired first historical data may include not only the first interference data generated to the second power supply domain, but also the second interference data generated to the third power supply domain when the first load change condition occurred previously. By simultaneously acquiring the disturbance quantities of multiple associated power supply domains, a global-level cross-domain interference risk assessment can be performed on the entire complex power network.

[0129] Furthermore, the aforementioned coupled power supply domains can not only have high and low voltage differences, but also be power supply domains of the same voltage level. For example, in a vehicle electrical system, to meet different automotive safety integrity level (ASIL) requirements or achieve safety redundancy, multiple independent 12V or 48V power supply domains may be configured. Even between two power supply domains with identical voltages, when a high-power or high-frequency inductive load (such as an electric power steering motor or anti-lock brake pump) in one power supply domain starts or switches modes, the resulting transient power fluctuations will still be conducted outward along the shared power supply harness or grounding loop, thereby interfering with sensitive control units in the other power supply domain with the same voltage level. Therefore, for multiple power supply domains with the same voltage level, the first historical data containing cross-domain interference data can also be used as an evaluation basis. By adjusting the control parameters of the first load in advance or changing the timing, electromagnetic interference conducted between power supply domains with the same voltage level can be effectively avoided, ensuring the stability of power supply domains at the same voltage level.

[0130] In some possible embodiments, considering that a significant amount of electrical energy typically needs to be drawn or released when the operating condition of the first load changes, it can be confirmed first, before performing a cross-domain electromagnetic interference risk assessment, whether the power supply system has the power supply capability to perform this action. Therefore, the above control method may further include: acquiring first operating state parameters of the power supply system, and determining whether the first operating state parameters meet the power supply conditions for changing the operating condition of the first load.

[0131] For example, the aforementioned first operating state parameter can be used to objectively characterize the current load level and basic power supply capacity of the power system. Specifically, the first operating state parameter may include at least one of the following: voltage and current of at least one power supply domain in the power system, and power supply margin of the power system. The voltage of the power supply domain may refer to the voltage of the power supply bus or the voltage of a branch in the power supply network; and the aforementioned power supply conditions correspond to at least one of the following criteria: 1. The voltage of at least one power supply domain is greater than or equal to the corresponding voltage threshold. This voltage threshold characterizes the minimum operating voltage limit allowed for the normal operation of sensitive equipment within the power supply domain, or the critical voltage value that triggers the undervoltage protection of that power supply domain. The first load typically experiences a transient bus voltage drop at the moment of startup or a sudden change in state. If the voltage of the current power supply domain is already relatively low, directly executing the action could easily cause the bus voltage to drop below the minimum operating voltage of sensitive equipment in the network, thereby triggering the undervoltage protection mechanism of the entire power supply domain.

[0132] 2. The current in at least one power supply domain is less than or equal to the corresponding current threshold. This current threshold characterizes the maximum rated current carrying capacity allowed through the conductors or distribution devices in the current power supply circuit. If the actual operating current in the current circuit is already close to the rated current carrying capacity of the conductors or distribution switches, the newly added transient load current can easily exceed the hardware's safety boundaries, inducing wiring harness overheating or triggering overcurrent fuses.

[0133] 3. The power supply margin is greater than or equal to the corresponding power threshold. This power supply margin characterizes the difference between the actual current output power of the power conversion equipment (e.g., a DC-DC converter) and its maximum output limit. Sufficient power margin is a fundamental prerequisite for absorbing transient power surges caused by load changes and maintaining the overall power balance of the network.

[0134] In some possible embodiments, the above power supply conditions can be expanded to suit specific application scenarios. For example, they can also include: the operating temperature of the power supply equipment (e.g., power conversion equipment or energy storage battery) in the power system is less than or equal to the corresponding temperature threshold. When this condition is met, the transient current caused by load changes can be prevented from accelerating device heating, thereby triggering the hardware's thermal protection shutdown. Alternatively, it can include: the rate of change of bus voltage or current in at least one power supply domain is less than or equal to the corresponding fluctuation threshold. This condition can be used to evaluate the current dynamic stability of the system. When this condition is met, the instantaneous disturbance energy of the current load action and other loads can be prevented from superimposing within the same time window. Alternatively, it can include: the SOC of the main energy storage device (e.g., power battery) in the power system is greater than or equal to the corresponding charge threshold. When this condition is met, the energy storage device can be guaranteed to have sufficient transient discharge capability, preventing a deep drop in bus voltage due to transient load in a low charge state.

[0135] Based on the above logic, when it is determined that the first operating state parameters meet the aforementioned power supply conditions, it indicates that the current power supply capacity of the power system can support the first load to complete its operation smoothly. Therefore, in response to the first operating state parameters meeting the power supply conditions, the operation of determining the first interference risk of the current change in the operating condition of the first load, and subsequent operations, can be performed based on the first historical data.

[0136] Conversely, if the first operating state parameters do not meet the above power supply conditions, it indicates that the current power system is experiencing a power shortage or is in a state of overload limit. In this case, the above operation of assessing interference risks can be postponed or skipped, and the corresponding power supply scheduling strategy can be executed directly based on the load attributes (or type) of the first load and its current state.

[0137] For example, if the first load is a non-safety-related load (such as comfort appliances in a vehicle, which may include audio equipment, ambient lighting, etc.) and it has not yet been started, the operating condition change request of the first load can be placed in a buffer queue for queuing, and a response can be made after the power system is restored to meet the power supply conditions.

[0138] For example, if the first load is a safety-related load (e.g., brake assist motor, power steering system, etc.), a mandatory response to the request for a change in the first load's operating condition can be initiated according to a predefined safety-priority strategy. In this case, control actions designed to mitigate electromagnetic interference (e.g., abandoning the reduction of the switching edge of the drive signal) can be skipped. This is because reducing the switching edge prolongs the switching transition process of the drive device, resulting in additional switching heat loss and wasted energy. In situations where the power supply is insufficient, abandoning the reduction of the switching edge minimizes energy loss within the drive device, allowing limited electrical energy to be used as much as possible to drive the safety load, thus prioritizing the protection of the underlying safety functions of the system.

[0139] For example, if the first load is a non-safety-related load and is already in operation (e.g., currently running in the first operating mode and requesting a change to the more energy-intensive second operating mode), since the power supply conditions are not met, the request to change the operating condition of the first load can be temporarily suspended to avoid exacerbating the power shortage. However, if the first load triggers the protection mechanism of the underlying hardware of the power system (e.g., hardware overcurrent cutoff or overheat fuse), the current operating condition of the first load (e.g., remaining in the first operating mode) can be maintained without directly forcibly shutting down or interrupting it. This ensures that the power system does not experience voltage collapse while also maintaining some functional experience.

[0140] Based on the above technical solution, by introducing a judgment on the power supply capacity of the power system before risk assessment, it is possible to proceed with the subsequent active suppression process for transient electromagnetic interference only after confirming that the power system has basic power supply capacity. This effectively avoids ineffective interference risk assessment when the power supply capacity of the power system is limited. It not only saves the controller's computing resources, but also avoids the bus voltage drop caused by forcibly changing the operating conditions when the power supply is insufficient. This significantly improves the stability of the power system operation and the rationality of the control logic.

[0141] In the foregoing embodiments, when the first operating state parameters of the power system meet the aforementioned power supply conditions, it indicates that the power system has sufficient load-carrying capacity, thereby triggering an assessment of electromagnetic interference risk (i.e., the first interference risk) based on the first historical data. The following section will elaborate on how to adjust control parameters and / or change the timing based on the determined first interference risk, in conjunction with specific control logic.

[0142] In some possible embodiments, the aforementioned control parameters are used to adjust the transient electrical characteristics of the first load when its operating condition changes. Based on this, it can be understood that the control parameters may include the rate of change of the drive signal used to drive the first load to change its operating condition (e.g., the ramp rate dv / dt of the drive voltage or the rate of rise di / dt of the drive current). Furthermore, the greater the rate of change of the drive signal, the richer the high-frequency harmonic components of the drive signal, and the stronger the electromagnetic radiation and conducted interference excited through parasitic parameter coupling; conversely, slowing down the rate of change can effectively suppress the excitation of high-frequency noise energy. Simultaneously, the change timing is used to indicate the time node for executing the change action. Delaying the change timing can play a role in peak avoidance or peak shifting, preventing the current load's operation from superimposing with other transient disturbances in the power network. Therefore, the overall suppression strategy of this application embodiment is: the rate of change of the aforementioned drive signal decreases as the first interference risk increases, and the change timing is delayed as the first interference risk increases.

[0143] In some possible embodiments, in order to achieve a balance between control accuracy and system response efficiency, a multi-level risk threshold comparison method can be used to refine the issuance of control commands. The detailed control logic is as follows: When the first interference risk is less than the first risk threshold, it indicates that the possibility of triggering cross-domain electromagnetic interference is extremely low, or the interference energy is within a completely controllable range. At this time, the control parameters for the current operating condition used to change the first load are set to the normal drive change rate (i.e., hard switch on), and the change timing is set to immediate response.

[0144] When the aforementioned first interference risk is greater than or equal to the first risk threshold and less than or equal to the second risk threshold, it indicates the existence of a moderate interference risk. In this case, interference can be actively suppressed by correspondingly reducing the rate of change of the driving signal and postponing the timing of the change.

[0145] When the first interference risk exceeds the second risk threshold, it indicates a serious interference risk that could easily cause substantial damage to sensitive communication buses or devices within the power system. In this case, the suppression of interference can be further strengthened by reducing the rate of change of the drive signal and postponing the change, building upon the aforementioned moderate suppression.

[0146] The reason for setting the above control parameters and change timing according to the aforementioned rules is that a higher interference risk means that the current action is more likely to trigger destructive high-frequency electromagnetic noise or cause a deep voltage drop in the network. At this time, by further reducing the rate of change of the drive signal (i.e., making the voltage or current rise process smoother), the amplitude of high-frequency harmonic energy can be weakened to the maximum extent from the source; and by further delaying the change timing, a more sufficient window for attenuation and calming of existing transient disturbances in the power supply network can be provided, thereby achieving peak queuing of transient load energy and effectively offsetting the electromagnetic shocks brought by high risks.

[0147] Furthermore, in order to ensure vehicle functional safety while implementing electromagnetic interference suppression, the aforementioned control parameters and timing of changes are also related to the load type of the first load, which includes necessary or unnecessary loads. Under the same interference risk (e.g., under the aforementioned moderate or severe interference risk), the following differentiated scheduling mechanism can be implemented: When the first load is a necessary load (such as a core safety load directly related to vehicle driving, such as a brake assist motor, steering assist system, etc.), the control parameters determined by the control system are the first control parameters, and / or the determined change timing is the first change timing. When the first load is a non-essential load (e.g., electrical components other than core safety components, such as window lift motors, air conditioning compressors, etc.), the control parameters determined by the control system are the second control parameters, and / or the determined change timing is the second change timing. Among them, the rate of change of the drive signal corresponding to the second control parameter is less than the rate of change of the drive signal corresponding to the first control parameter, and the second change timing is later than the first change timing.

[0148] The reason for the existence of the above-mentioned load-type differentiated scheduling mechanism is mainly due to the functional positioning of the current action object.

[0149] When the load type is non-essential, transient crosstalk to sensitive communication buses and core devices within the network can be avoided as a priority. Therefore, the aforementioned second control parameter and / or second change timing can be employed. By using a slower rate of change of the drive signal or a longer waiting time, the transient electromagnetic shocks generated by the non-essential load can be suppressed to the greatest extent possible, at the expense of the non-essential load's response speed.

[0150] When the load type is a necessary load, using the same stringent control parameters as for unnecessary loads (such as significantly reducing the opening slope or long delays) could threaten vehicle driving safety. However, since the current system meets the power supply conditions (i.e., the power is relatively sufficient), there is no need for the hard-switching strategy used when the power supply conditions are not met. Therefore, a compromise strategy is adopted, reverting to determining the aforementioned first control parameter and / or the first change timing. This strategy only moderately smooths the rising edge of the drive signal at the microsecond level. With sufficient power support, this small time compromise usually does not affect the braking or steering response speed of the mechanical actuators (millisecond level), but it can reduce high-frequency electromagnetic interference to a certain extent, thus balancing the electromagnetic interference suppression of the power supply system with the normal operation of necessary functions.

[0151] For ease of understanding, the following explanation uses the rise time (the longer the rise time, the smaller the rate of change) of the drive signal as a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal and the instruction delay time as the change timing as an example: Under low-risk conditions (e.g., less than the first risk threshold), regardless of the load type, the drive voltage rise time can be set to, for example, 10μs (i.e., a large rate of change), and the change timing can be set to 0ms (immediate response).

[0152] Under severe risk conditions (e.g., exceeding the second risk threshold), if the first load is a necessary load, the rise time of its corresponding first control parameter can be extended to, for example, 50 μs (moderately smooth at the microsecond level), and the corresponding first change timing can be set to a delay of, for example, 50 ms.

[0153] Under the same severe risk, if the first load is an unnecessary load, in order to prioritize avoiding crosstalk to the core device, the rise time of its corresponding second control parameter can be significantly extended to, for example, 150μs (i.e., the rate of change is less than that of the first control parameter), and the corresponding second change timing can be further delayed to, for example, 200ms (i.e., later than the first change timing).

[0154] Based on the above technical solution, dynamic suppression can be achieved according to the severity of electromagnetic interference risk and load type. In low-risk situations, it ensures zero-delay response of load actions; in medium-to-high-risk situations, it weakens high-frequency harmonic energy and quells transient disturbances at the source by smoothing the rising edge of the drive signal and delaying the timing of changes. Simultaneously, the load-type-based differentiated scheduling mechanism helps achieve a balance between electromagnetic compatibility suppression and the vehicle's functional safety baseline. This avoids increasing heat loss in drive components or causing action lag due to excessively slowing down the drive change rate, while ensuring real-time response of core safety functions and driving safety.

[0155] In some possible embodiments, to efficiently perform the above-described operations of determining control parameters and / or the timing of changes based on the first disturbance risk, the conversion from risk quantification values ​​to control commands can be achieved based on a pre-configured mapping relationship. This mapping relationship can be implemented through at least one of the following forms: Method 1 is achieved through a pre-defined lookup table (LUT).

[0156] The acquired first disturbance risk can be used as an index input into a calibration lookup table to directly query and match the corresponding control parameters and / or change timing, thereby avoiding complex real-time calculations and improving response efficiency. In terms of data structure, this LUT can be a one-dimensional calibration table, using the quantified score of the first disturbance risk as the input variable to directly map the corresponding control parameters (such as dv / dt) and / or change timing. Alternatively, this LUT can be a multi-dimensional calibration table, using the first disturbance risk and other current parameters (such as bus voltage, temperature, or load type) as a joint index for cross-addressing to obtain control parameters and / or change timing that fit the actual operating conditions.

[0157] Different query algorithms can be used when performing table lookup matching: 1. Risk values ​​can be pre-divided into several continuous intervals (corresponding to the aforementioned risk threshold intervals), and fixed parameters (i.e., control parameters and / or change timing) can be configured for each interval. The current risk score is then determined to fall into the specified interval, and the fixed parameters bound to that interval are directly output. This method consumes minimal computational power and is well-suited to segmented control strategies with multi-level thresholds.

[0158] 2. When the determined risk value is between two discrete risk thresholds, mathematical interpolation (such as linear interpolation) can be used to calculate the intermediate control parameters and / or timing of changes for a smooth transition, thereby avoiding abrupt changes in control parameters or action delay time.

[0159] In practical applications, the data for the above calibration lookup table can be obtained in advance based on tests such as EMC and stored in non-volatile memory to ensure that the data is not lost when power is off and to support fast reading.

[0160] Method two is achieved through analytical calculation of continuous mathematical functions.

[0161] The aforementioned control parameters and / or timing of their changes can also exhibit a continuous functional relationship with the first disturbance risk (e.g., an inverse proportional function, an exponentially decaying function, or a piecewise linear function). By inputting the value of the first disturbance risk as the independent variable into this mathematical function, the control parameters (e.g., including the rate of change of the continuously varying drive signal) or the timing of their changes can be directly calculated.

[0162] The third approach is to achieve this through decision-making models based on artificial intelligence or fuzzy logic.

[0163] The above mapping relationship can also be implemented by calling a pre-trained machine learning model or a fuzzy logic controller. The first disturbance risk and other current environmental characteristics (such as ambient temperature, battery aging state, etc.) are input into the decision model as joint features, and the model infers and outputs the optimal combination of control parameters and / or change timing.

[0164] In scenarios with multiple loads operating concurrently, the aforementioned adjustment of the "change timing" essentially implements a queuing mechanism and peak-shaving scheduling. When multiple loads request changes in operating conditions within the same time window, direct concurrent execution can easily lead to a dramatic superposition of transient power, thereby generating uncontrollable electromagnetic wave peaks. Therefore, by assigning gradient change timings to different loads (e.g., delaying by 0ms, 50ms, and 100ms sequentially), the originally concentrated transient electrical impacts can be forcibly discretized on the time axis, thereby achieving peak-shaving response and orderly queuing of the power supply network loads.

[0165] To rationally allocate the order of the aforementioned staggered queuing, priority determination logic for different loads can be pre-configured. Taking a vehicle application scenario as an example, this determination logic can be implemented based on at least one of the following methods: For example, a static priority can be preset for all electrical loads in the vehicle. The above sorting can be based on the functional safety level of the load. For example, ASIL-level loads related to core driving can be prioritized (allocating very short queuing time or no queuing delay to these loads), while QM-level loads (i.e., those without functional safety requirements, such as ambient lighting, seat adjustment, etc.) can be placed at the end of the queue and allocated a longer queuing time.

[0166] For example, the basic structure of the queue can be determined first based on the priority of the functional domain (e.g., chassis domain takes precedence over body domain, and body domain takes precedence over cabin domain); then, for concurrent requests from multiple loads within the same power supply domain, the queues can be sorted according to the pre-configured load priorities of each load.

[0167] In some possible embodiments, the priority of each load in the queue can be dynamically adjusted according to the current operating environment of the vehicle. Under this mechanism, the priority of the load is not constant. For example, under normal sunny conditions, the priority of the wiper motor may be in the middle range; however, if the sensor detects a rainstorm, the priority weight of the wiper motor can be dynamically increased, allowing the wiper motor to jump the queue and thus obtain an earlier opportunity for change.

[0168] Furthermore, the aforementioned staggered queuing mechanism can also be implemented by combining the frequency of changes in the operating conditions of the first load.

[0169] For example, for loads operating periodically or with high-frequency regulation, if multiple loads operate in a switching cycle, the transient peaks generated by the repeated switching of these loads are prone to periodic overlap and superposition on the time axis. Therefore, the operating condition change frequency of the load currently requesting action can be obtained, and a time offset (i.e., the timing of the adjustment change) can be calculated based on this frequency. By assigning specific delay times to loads with different frequencies, the phases of the operating waveforms of multiple periodic loads can be staggered, thereby ensuring that their high-frequency switching edges are staggered on the time axis and reducing the possibility of periodic transient impacts superimposed.

[0170] Furthermore, after completing the risk assessment and issuing control instructions before the first load change condition, this application embodiment proposes to further perform closed-loop monitoring and real-time protection during the first load change condition process.

[0171] It should be noted that the aforementioned process of changing the first load operating condition includes not only the dynamic change process of the first load transitioning from the current operating condition to the target operating condition (such as the switching on and off of the load, power surges and step drops, sudden changes in operating speed leading to transient electrical shocks), but also the entire continuous operating state of the first load under the target operating condition after completing the aforementioned operating condition switch. By monitoring throughout the entire lifecycle of dynamic changes and steady-state operation, continuous protection against real-time electrical shocks to the power system can be ensured.

[0172] In some possible embodiments, during the process of the first load change condition, the second operating state parameters of the power system can be acquired in real time, and the first disturbance amount actually generated by the first load can be determined based on the second operating state parameters.

[0173] The aforementioned second operating status parameter is mainly used to reflect the electrical impact of the first load on the entire power network when it performs a change action. It may include real-time voltage and / or current data of at least one power supply domain (such as a 48V power supply domain or a 12V power supply domain) in the power system.

[0174] In some possible embodiments, waveform extraction and feature calculation can be performed on the acquired voltage or current to determine the first disturbance amount.

[0175] The first disturbance can correspond to at least one of the following: voltage fluctuation amplitude, voltage envelope amplitude, or current fluctuation amplitude in at least one power supply domain. For example, the voltage fluctuation amplitude can characterize the dip depth or rise overshoot peak value of the power bus voltage at the instant the first load operates; the voltage envelope amplitude can characterize the peak-to-peak height of the high-frequency ripple or AC harmonic superimposed on the DC bus; and the current fluctuation amplitude can characterize the peak value of the transient surge current generated when the first load operates.

[0176] After determining the first disturbance amount, it can be determined whether the first disturbance amount is greater than a preset disturbance amount threshold. If the first disturbance amount is greater than the disturbance amount threshold, the corresponding degradation strategy is executed on the first load.

[0177] To achieve more refined protection, the aforementioned disturbance thresholds can include multiple levels of safety thresholds corresponding to voltage fluctuation amplitude, voltage envelope amplitude, or current fluctuation amplitude, respectively. For example, it can include a first disturbance threshold (i.e., a warning threshold) and a second disturbance threshold (i.e., a severe risk threshold, where the first disturbance threshold is less than the second disturbance threshold). Taking a first disturbance of Q, a first disturbance threshold of T1, and a second disturbance threshold of T2 calculated in real time as an example, differentiated degradation scheduling can be performed according to the following logic: When the first disturbance Q is less than the first disturbance threshold T1, it indicates that the electrical disturbance caused by the first load during the change of operating conditions is within the normal safety margin. At this time, no intervention is required, and the first load is allowed to complete the current operating condition change action normally.

[0178] When the first disturbance Q is greater than or equal to the first disturbance threshold T1 and less than or equal to the second disturbance threshold T2, it indicates that the current change action has caused an unexpected moderate electrical disturbance, triggering a warning state. At this time, a degradation strategy can be implemented on the current first load. The degradation strategy may include: To prevent further escalation of the disturbance, at least one of the following measures can be taken: reducing the operating power of the first load, limiting the drive current of the first load, or limiting the drive voltage of the first load. Simultaneously, subsequent load change requests in the waiting queue can be temporarily frozen, further slowing down the rate of change of drive signals for subsequent loads.

[0179] When the first disturbance Q exceeds the second disturbance threshold T2, it indicates that the first load has generated a severe electrical surge, seriously threatening the safety of the power system and triggering a critical state. At this point, subsequent load condition change requests can be frozen, and intervention strategies can be implemented for the current first load. These intervention strategies may include: If the first load is an unnecessary load, the operation of the first load can be interrupted to quickly cut off the source of interference; If the first load is a core safety load, for the sake of system operation safety, the operation of the first load may not be interrupted. Instead, at least one of the following can be performed: reducing the operating power of the first load, limiting the drive current of the first load, or limiting the drive voltage of the first load. This will reduce the electrical interference of the first load while allowing it to continue to operate under control, thus providing a basic guarantee for the safe operation of the system.

[0180] In some possible embodiments, in addition to the rule comparison method based on the disturbance threshold described above, the continuously acquired second operating state parameters or the first disturbance can also be input into a pre-trained disturbance decision model; through the neural network structure or classification algorithm inside the disturbance decision model, the target degradation command or continuous degradation control coefficients can be directly output. Subsequently, based on the aforementioned degradation control coefficients, the operating power, drive current, or drive voltage of the first load are dynamically adjusted.

[0181] In some possible embodiments, a cost function that includes power network stability indicators and load operating performance indicators can also be constructed. During the first load change operation, the optimal load power allocation solution at the current moment is solved in real time with the goal of minimizing the aforementioned cost function. Subsequently, the operating power or drive parameters of the first load are smoothly limited according to the optimal load power allocation solution.

[0182] Based on the above technical solution, after changing the operating conditions of the first load, by continuously acquiring the second operating status parameters of the power system, the operating parameters of the first load can be continuously and dynamically adjusted based on the real-time power system status. This can continuously prevent sudden changes in the operating conditions of the first load from causing transient impacts and electromagnetic interference to the power system, and ensure the stability of the power supply network at all times.

[0183] In some possible embodiments, after the first load completes the change in operating condition or executes the aforementioned degradation strategy, data archiving and closed-loop update operations can also be performed: Second disturbance data for this change in the first load operating condition can be obtained. This second disturbance data includes not only the first disturbance quantity actually measured this time, but also the environmental characteristics and actual control parameters issued during this change. Subsequently, the aforementioned second disturbance data can be added to the first historical data used for risk prediction.

[0184] For example, if the actual first disturbance generated in this change is higher than the predicted disturbance risk, the control system can add the aforementioned second disturbance data to correct the risk prediction results in advance and match more gradual control parameters or a more delayed change timing when encountering the same load type, the same operating condition change request, and the same power system operating status parameters in the next time.

[0185] Based on the above technical solution, by acquiring second disturbance data containing the first disturbance amount and adding the second disturbance data to the first historical data, the actual disturbance results generated during the operating condition change process can be continuously fed back to the dataset used for risk assessment. Therefore, when the same operating condition change is subsequently performed, the first historical data containing the latest disturbance data can be directly used to assess the first disturbance risk, thereby dynamically correcting risk prediction deviations and helping to improve the accuracy of determining control parameters and the timing of changes.

[0186] For ease of understanding, the following uses a vehicle power system as an example, and combines the control method proposed in the foregoing embodiments of this application to provide a business control logic for power system load scheduling.

[0187] The vehicle's power system can adopt a dual-voltage (or multi-voltage) domain architecture, such as including a 48V power supply domain and a 12V power supply domain. This power system may include energy storage devices (such as a 48V power battery / accumulator and a 12V low-voltage battery), a DC-DC converter for bidirectional / unidirectional power conversion across power supply domains, a power bus, and various loads connected to different power supply domains. Based on functional safety requirements and operational characteristics, these loads can be divided into core safety loads directly related to driving safety (such as brake assist systems and electronic power steering systems), and non-essential loads (such as window regulators, seat heaters, and air conditioning compressors).

[0188] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the load scheduling business logic of a power system provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0189] refer to Figure 3 As shown, the process may include the following steps: S310: Monitors the operating status parameters of the power system and the working request signal of the target load.

[0190] In some possible embodiments, the control system can monitor the operating status of the power system in multiple dimensions. For example, for a low-frequency sampling channel, it can monitor the bus voltage of the power bus and calculate the power margin of the power conversion unit (e.g., a DC-DC converter); for a high-frequency sampling channel, it can monitor the voltage fluctuations and / or voltage change slopes of the dual power supply domains (e.g., a 48V power supply domain and a 12V power supply domain). During this process, the control system can also continuously monitor the operating request signal (i.e., a condition change request) sent by the target load (e.g., a 48V load).

[0191] Herein, the control system may be an independent hardware electronic control unit (ECU), or a functional module integrated in a vehicle control unit (VCU), a domain controller (DC), a zone control unit (ZCU) or a power management unit (PMU), or a distributed control system composed of a plurality of controllers operating in coordination. The control system internally comprises at least one processor and a non-volatile memory coupled to the processor, and the processor implements the monitoring, evaluation, comparison and control instruction issuing operations in the foregoing steps by executing pre-solidified program instructions in the memory or reading calibration data.

[0192] S320: determining whether the operating state parameter of the power supply system satisfies a preset power supply condition.

[0193] In some possible embodiments, the control system may perform logical judgment on the acquired operating state parameters, and the judgment conditions may include at least one of the following: for a system including a 48V power supply domain and a 12V power supply domain, judging whether the 48V network voltage U(48V) is less than a first lower voltage limit U(48V)_min, whether the 12V network voltage U(12V) is less than a second lower voltage limit U(12V)_min, and whether the power margin of the DCDC converter (hereinafter referred to as DCDC margin for short) is less than a margin threshold Y_min.

[0194] If yes (for example, at least one of U(48V)<U(48V)_min, U(12V)<U(12V)_min or DCDC margin<Y_min is satisfied, and it is determined that the power supply condition is not satisfied), the process proceeds to step S330; If no (that is, none of the parameters are in the undervoltage or insufficient margin range, and it is determined that the power supply condition is satisfied), the process jumps to step S340.

[0195] S330: executing a basic protection strategy according to the load type of the target load.

[0196] When it is determined in step S320 that the power supply condition is not satisfied, it indicates that the load carrying capacity of the power supply system is insufficient, and the executed basic protection strategy may include: For non-essential loads (non-safety loads) that have not yet performed working condition change, the load can be prohibited from changing the working condition immediately and placed in a waiting queue for queuing; For core safety loads, power supply resources are allocated according to a safety-first strategy to ensure immediate response of the loads; For loads that are already running, maintain the current running state without actively interrupting them, and only execute protective interrupts when hardware-level protection thresholds are triggered.

[0197] After completing step S330, proceed to step S360.

[0198] S340: Calculate the predicted risk score R by combining historical data.

[0199] When step S320 determines that the power supply conditions are met, it indicates that the power system has good load-carrying capacity. The risk score R can be understood as a parameter used to quantify the interference risk in the aforementioned embodiments. For details on how to determine the interference risk or risk score R, please refer to the corresponding embodiments above; these details will not be repeated here.

[0200] S350: Based on the comparison between the risk score R and the risk threshold, determine the control parameters and / or timing of changes for the target load.

[0201] The control system can compare the calculated risk score R with the preset first risk threshold T. low and the second risk threshold T high The comparison and judgment process is as follows: Determine whether the risk score R is less than the first risk threshold T. low : If (i.e., R) <T low (This indicates that the current interference risk is very low), and the control system can execute operating condition changes in a conventional manner, such as defaulting to drive rate of change / hard switch activation, and responding instantly. If not (i.e., R≥T) low (This indicates the presence of potential interference), the control system triggers a control variable adjustment strategy and further matches parameters based on the range of R values: In T low ≤R≤T high (At moderate risk) levels, the control system can reduce the switching edge of the drive signal and / or perform peak shaving delay. In R>T high In cases of severe risk, for non-safety loads, the control system can further reduce the switching edge of the drive signal and / or further delay the staggered queuing time; for safety loads, the amount of reduction in the switching edge can be relatively reduced and / or the delay time of the staggered queuing can be relatively reduced.

[0202] S360: Issues control commands to drive the target load to complete the change of operating conditions.

[0203] The control system generates corresponding control commands and sends them to the target load (or the drive controller corresponding to the target load) based on the control parameters (such as the rate of change of the drive signal) and / or the timing of the change (such as the delay time) finally determined in step S330 or step S350. The control system controls the target load to complete the change of operating conditions at the specified timing and according to the set rate of change of the drive signal.

[0204] S370: Acquire baseline data of the power system and determine the first disturbance Q.

[0205] During and after the target load performs a change in operating conditions, baseline data of the power supply domain is continuously collected. The baseline characterizes the reference electrical operating state of the power supply system when the transient impact interference from the target load is eliminated. Baseline data may include second operating state parameters such as the bus voltage reference value, steady-state current, and steady-state voltage ripple in the current operating environment. By comparing the real-time collected dynamic parameters with the baseline data, the actual first disturbance Q generated by the target load can be calculated. The first disturbance Q may include characteristics such as the drop depth relative to the real-time bus voltage reference value, the abrupt change amplitude of the deviation from the steady-state voltage ripple, or the transient surge amplitude superimposed on the initial steady-state current.

[0206] S380: Execute the corresponding level of functional degradation and protection strategy based on the first disturbance Q.

[0207] Based on the foregoing embodiments, the calculated first disturbance quantity Q can be compared with the first disturbance threshold T1 (i.e., the warning threshold) and the second disturbance threshold T2 (i.e., the severity threshold) in a graded manner: When the first disturbance Q is less than the first disturbance threshold T1, the current electrical shock is determined to be within the safety margin, and the current execution action is completed normally.

[0208] When the first disturbance Q is greater than or equal to the first disturbance threshold T1 and less than or equal to the second disturbance threshold T2, a moderate disturbance is determined to exist, and an early warning state is triggered. At this time, subsequent load change requests in the waiting queue are frozen for a short period of time, and the rate of change of the drive signal of subsequent load requests is reduced (i.e., the switching edge of subsequent loads is smoothed) to prevent interference from superimposed.

[0209] When the first disturbance Q is greater than the second disturbance threshold T2, a severe electrical shock is determined to exist, triggering a critical state. At this time, all subsequent load change requests across the entire network are frozen, and intervention strategies are adopted for the current target load: if the target load is an unnecessary load, the operation of the target load is interrupted; if the target load is a core safety load, the target load is maintained under controlled operation or controlled protection actions are triggered according to preset safety requirements.

[0210] S390: Record load attribution data and perform closed-loop updates.

[0211] The aforementioned load attribution data is used to characterize the root cause environment and state information that led to the occurrence of the first disturbance. The load attribution data includes not only the actual measured voltage drop depth, envelope change amplitude, or current surge amplitude, but also the load type, power, operating condition matching degree, and actual control parameters issued to the target load at the time of the disturbance.

[0212] In some possible embodiments, interference data containing the current first disturbance amount can be obtained, and the interference data and characteristic parameters related to the current operating condition change action can be integrated into load attribution data; then, the load attribution data can be added as historical data to the aforementioned dataset used for risk assessment to complete the closed-loop update operation.

[0213] This completes the entire business control process for the target load, from receiving the operating condition change request and responding to the operating condition change to providing subsequent data feedback.

[0214] To implement the control method proposed in the foregoing embodiments, this application also proposes a control architecture.

[0215] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a system architecture of a control architecture 400 proposed in an embodiment of this application.

[0216] refer to Figure 4 As shown, the control architecture 400 may include a three-layer logical architecture: a power supply capability assessment layer L1, a protection decision layer L2, and a historical data attribution layer L3.

[0217] The aforementioned power supply capacity assessment layer L1 continuously monitors the average and minimum bus voltage values ​​of different power supply domains, and simultaneously monitors the load information currently in operation and the power margin of the power conversion unit. When the bus voltage of any power supply domain is detected to be lower than the corresponding preset lower voltage limit, or the power margin of the power conversion unit is lower than the preset power margin threshold, it is determined that the current power supply system does not meet the power supply conditions, thereby restricting the operation condition change actions of the relevant loads.

[0218] The aforementioned protection decision layer L2 is used to obtain the first historical data after the power supply capacity assessment layer L1 determines that the current power system meets the power supply conditions, and to determine the interference risk of this change of operating condition in combination with the current operating status parameters of the power system; then, based on the interference risk, it determines the control parameters (e.g., the rate of change of the drive signal) and / or the timing of the change (e.g., the delay execution time) used for this change of operating condition, and controls the relevant loads to perform the operating condition change action based on the determined control parameters and / or the timing of the change.

[0219] During and after the load performs a condition change action, the aforementioned protection decision layer L2 can continuously monitor the operating status parameters of the power system, such as the cross-domain propagation of electromagnetic interference between different power supply domains (or the superposition of instantaneous disturbances in different power supply domains within the same time window), low-frequency voltage deviations on different power supply branches, and the voltage envelope amplitude, voltage spikes, and rate of change of the drive signal in each power supply domain. Simultaneously, the protection decision layer L2 can calculate a first disturbance quantity Q based on the real-time acquired operating status parameters and compare it with preset first disturbance thresholds T1 and T2: when the first disturbance quantity Q is greater than or equal to the first disturbance threshold T1 and less than or equal to the second disturbance threshold T2, a warning state is triggered, temporarily freezing subsequent load change requests and slowing down the rate of change of the drive signal of subsequent loads; when the first disturbance quantity Q is greater than the second disturbance threshold T2, a severe state is triggered, freezing subsequent load change requests and implementing a degradation strategy for the current load; if the first disturbance quantity Q is less than the first disturbance threshold T1, no intervention is given, allowing the load to complete the current condition change action normally.

[0220] The aforementioned historical data attribution layer L3 can record the load type, reference operating parameters (e.g., operating power), initial operating condition, target operating condition, current operating status parameters, actual first disturbance, and corresponding confidence level for the execution of the operating condition change action. After the load action is completed, the historical data attribution layer L3 saves the aforementioned characteristic parameters and the first disturbance, and archives the recorded data as historical data. This data is used to re-determine the confidence level and disturbance risk when the next operating condition change request is received, thereby enabling process judgment and risk assessment.

[0221] The above-mentioned three-layer logical architecture consists of the power supply capacity assessment layer L1, the protection decision layer L2, and the historical data attribution layer L3.

[0222] Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of a control architecture 400 proposed in an embodiment of this application.

[0223] refer to Figure 5 As shown, the control architecture 400 may include a signal sampling circuit 410, a processor 420, and a drive control circuit 430.

[0224] The signal sampling circuit 410 is used to collect characteristic signals such as bus voltage, branch voltage deviation, and transient spikes of the power supply system in real time and convert them into digital signals. The signal sampling circuit 410 may include a high-frequency sampling channel 411 and a low-frequency sampling channel 412. The low-frequency sampling channel 412 is mainly used to collect the steady-state and low-frequency electrical characteristics of the power supply system (such as the average and minimum bus voltage values ​​required by the aforementioned power supply capacity assessment layer L1) to assess the basic power supply capacity of the power supply system. The high-frequency sampling channel 411 is mainly used to capture the high-frequency transient electrical characteristics generated when the load changes (such as the voltage envelope amplitude, voltage spikes, and first disturbance Q required by the aforementioned protection decision layer L2). Furthermore, it can also achieve rapid protection when electromagnetic shock exceeds the safety threshold.

[0225] The processor 420 may be configured with non-volatile memory. The processor reads and runs the program instructions embedded in the non-volatile memory to perform condition determination of the power supply capability assessment layer L1, feature extraction and degradation decision of the protection decision layer L2, and data recording and archiving of the historical data attribution layer L3. The number of processors 420 may be one to perform the processing tasks related to L1, L2 and L3 as a whole; or there may be multiple processors 420 to perform the processing tasks related to L1, L2 and L3 respectively.

[0226] The drive control circuit 430 is used to receive control commands issued by the processor 420 and directly adjust the load's drive signal change rate, on / off state, or operating power, etc. The drive control circuit 430 may include MOSFETs or intelligent power switches, etc.

[0227] In some possible embodiments, the input terminal of the signal sampling circuit 410 can be electrically connected to each power supply bus and the power supply branch corresponding to each load in the power supply system; the output terminal of the signal sampling circuit 410 can be connected to the signal input terminal of the processor 420; the output terminal of the processor 420 can be connected to the input terminal of the drive control circuit 430; the drive control circuit 430 can be connected in series between the power network and each load ( Figure 5 The power supply circuit (only one load is shown as an example) is shown in the image.

[0228] As can be seen from the foregoing embodiments, the control architecture 400 proposed in this application embodiment performs signal sampling through two sampling channels, high frequency and low frequency. In this regard, this application embodiment further designs the circuit structure of the high frequency sampling channel 411 and the low frequency sampling channel 412.

[0229] Figure 6 These are schematic diagrams of the circuit structures of two sampling channels provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0230] refer to Figure 6As shown, the low-frequency sampling channel 412 may include a voltage divider filter network 610, an overvoltage protection circuit 620, a buffer follower operational amplifier A1, and a low-frequency analog-to-digital converter (ADC) 630.

[0231] The voltage divider filter network 610 may include a circuit connected in series with the power bus V. BUS The first resistor RH1 and the second resistor RH2 are connected to the voltage divider node N1, and the third resistor RL and the first filter capacitor CLP are connected between the voltage divider node N1 and the reference ground AGND; the voltage divider node N1 is connected through the fourth resistor R. PROT Connect to the non-inverting input of buffer follower op-amp A1; The non-inverting input of the buffer follower operational amplifier A1 can be connected to a clamping diode pair used as an overvoltage protection circuit 620. The pull-up diode in the clamping diode pair is connected between the non-inverting input and the low-voltage power supply Vcc, and the pull-down diode is connected between the reference ground AGND and the non-inverting input. This is used to limit the voltage input to the non-inverting input of the buffer follower operational amplifier A1 within the safe voltage range of the reference ground and the internal low-voltage power supply. The output of the buffer follower operational amplifier A1 is connected to the inverting input to form a voltage follower, and the output of the buffer follower operational amplifier A1 is connected to the sampling input of the low-frequency analog-to-digital converter unit. The output of the low-frequency ADC 630 (e.g., an ADC with a resolution of 12-bit to 16-bit) is connected to the processor 420 to transmit the converted digital sampled signal to the processor 420, so that the processor 420 can calculate characteristics such as the average bus voltage Uavg, the minimum bus voltage Umin, the voltage drop depth, and the voltage recovery time.

[0232] The high-frequency sampling channel 411 may include a DC blocking bias circuit 640, an active bandpass filter A2, a rectifier circuit 650, an envelope extraction circuit 660, an envelope ADC 670, and a comparator 680.

[0233] The input terminal of the DC blocking bias circuit 640 can be connected to the power supply bus V. BUS The DC blocking bias circuit 640 may include a connection connected in series with the power supply bus V. BUS DC blocking capacitor C between bias node N2 AC (This capacitor can also function as a high-pass filter, so it is also called a high-pass capacitor C) HP and current-limiting resistor R LIM The bias node N2 is connected to a reference bias voltage (e.g., 1.65V V). REF (and clamping diodes, used to block the DC component of the power bus and to perform potential shifting and overvoltage limiting on the input AC signal;) The bias node N2 is connected to the input of the active bandpass filter A2. The active bandpass filter A2 is used to filter out the DC component and out-of-band high-frequency noise and extract AC electromagnetic interference signals in a specific frequency band (e.g., 150kHz to 500kHz). The output of the active bandpass filter A2 is connected to the input of the rectifier circuit 650 (which may be composed of operational amplifiers A3 and A4 and diodes D1 and D2). The rectifier circuit 650 is used to perform full-wave rectification of the AC electromagnetic interference signal and output the absolute value signal |Vband|. The output of rectifier circuit 650 is connected through the fifth resistor R. ENV With envelope capacitance C ENV The envelope extraction circuit 660 is configured such that its output node N3 is connected to the sampling input terminal of the envelope ADC 670 and the first input terminal of the comparator 680, respectively. The output of the envelope ADC 670 is connected to the processor 420 to transmit the converted digital envelope signal to the processor 420, so that the processor 420 can calculate the voltage envelope amplitude and the first disturbance Q at the software level. The second input terminal of comparator 680 is connected to a preset threshold voltage V. TH The output of comparator 680 is connected to the drive control circuit 430 or a control terminal for hardware latching, used to detect when the extracted AC envelope or transient spike exceeds the threshold voltage V. TH At this time, a trigger signal is output to freeze subsequent load condition change requests and to implement degradation strategies (such as limiting drive parameters or implementing voltage clamping protection) for the relevant load.

[0234] To illustrate the specific deployment location and signal acquisition logic of the aforementioned sampling channels in the power supply system, embodiments of this application provide a system deployment and sampling execution comparison table as shown in Table 1. Table 1 describes the power supply system as including a first power supply domain (e.g., a 48V high-voltage power supply domain) and a second power supply domain (e.g., a 12V low-voltage power supply domain).

[0235] Table 1

[0236] As shown in Table 1, by deploying the high-frequency sampling channel 411 and the low-frequency sampling channel 412 at the bus terminals of different power supply domains of the power system, synchronous acquisition of bus voltage dips and high-frequency electromagnetic interference is achieved. At the same time, combined with the signal acquisition of the common ground loop and the load branch, the acquired electrical signals are transmitted to the processor 420, providing data support for the processor 420 to calculate the first interference risk, the first disturbance amount, and the data confidence level. Then, the drive control circuit 430 adjusts the drive parameters of the load or executes the corresponding degradation strategy according to the control instructions issued by the processor 420.

[0237] In practical applications, taking a vehicle with a hybrid power supply and distribution architecture that includes a first power supply domain (e.g., a 48V high-voltage power supply domain) and a second power supply domain (e.g., a 12V low-voltage power supply domain) as an example, the control method proposed in the embodiments of this application will be illustrated below in conjunction with three specific load operation scenarios.

[0238] Scenario 1: The window lift motor in the first power supply zone starts.

[0239] When the window controller sends an increased operating condition change request, the control system can simultaneously read the operating status parameters of the first power supply domain, the second power supply domain, and the power conversion device (e.g., a DC-DC converter), and retrieve relevant historical data. After confirming that the current operating status parameters meet the aforementioned power supply conditions, the control system calculates the interference risk before taking action based on these parameters. If the assessment is a moderate interference risk, the control system can determine gentler control parameters (e.g., reducing the rate of change of the drive signal) and postpone the actions of other high-power loads.

[0240] After the window motor starts, the control system can synchronously collect baseline data from each power supply domain and calculate the disturbance in real time. If the disturbance reaches the disturbance threshold and triggers a warning state, the window motor can continue to operate under control, but the control system will temporarily freeze the waiting queue for new non-safe load condition change requests to avoid superimposed reverse voltage spikes caused by the sudden stop of the window motor.

[0241] After the operating condition change is completed, the control system can also acquire interference data containing the above-mentioned disturbances and update it to the aforementioned historical data to complete the closed-loop archiving of data. At the same time, for subsequent queued requests, the control system can not use a fixed delay to release them, but wait for both power supply domains to enter a quiet window (i.e., the high-frequency envelope amplitude and / or common-mode current are continuously lower than the corresponding release threshold within a preset time window) before releasing and executing the operating condition change request of the next load.

[0242] Scenario 2: The electric door and the car window submit a change request for operating conditions at the same time.

[0243] When multiple loads simultaneously request changes in operating conditions, the control system can comprehensively calculate the combined interference risk based on the functional priority of each load, the current power supply margin of the power system, and historical data. If the combined interference risk is assessed to be high, the control system can proactively adjust the timing of the change to implement peak-shaving control: for example, prioritizing the passage of higher-priority electric doors while placing the windows in a short-term queue.

[0244] Furthermore, for the release of queued loads, the control system can also link with real-time operational status monitoring data. Only when the priority electric door completes its action, and the control system detects that the high-frequency envelope and common-mode current of the first and second power supply domains are continuously lower than the preset release threshold, will the control system release and trigger the window to open, thereby effectively preventing the cross-domain superposition of high-frequency electromagnetic interference energy within the same time window.

[0245] Scenario 3: Stopping, reversing, or energy feedback actions of motor-type loads in the first power supply domain.

[0246] Motor-type loads are prone to severe reverse electromagnetic shocks when their state changes abruptly. When the control system detects a request to stop or reverse the motor, it can activate the corresponding clamping protection circuit or energy absorption circuit in advance and send smooth control parameters to it.

[0247] During operation, the control system can continuously acquire operating status parameters and monitor overvoltage spikes, high-frequency oscillations, and common-mode current in real time. If the real-time calculated disturbance exceeds the disturbance threshold, triggering a critical state, the control system can directly trigger the local clamping protection circuit (such as a transient voltage suppressor or an active clamping network) for rapid physical limitation and energy absorption.

[0248] After the action is completed, the control system can also record and update the disturbance and operating condition characteristics associated with the feedback action as historical data, so as to avoid running concurrently with other loads by adjusting the timing of the change in advance when a similar operating condition change action is identified next time.

[0249] As can be seen from the above scenarios, the control method provided in this application, through risk assessment and dynamic adjustment of driving parameters and action timing, can proactively reduce cross-domain electromagnetic interference at its source. Simultaneously, it effectively avoids the superposition of concurrent electromagnetic shocks, improving the electromagnetic compatibility and operational stability of the vehicle's multi-power domain network.

[0250] Furthermore, the dynamic peak queuing mechanism proposed in this application effectively avoids the superposition of instantaneous peak currents when multiple high-power loads operate concurrently. This proactive peak-shaving design eliminates the need to select thick wire diameters based on extreme concurrent peak currents when designing vehicle wiring harnesses, thereby effectively reducing the wire diameter of the entire vehicle power supply wiring harness and lowering its weight and cost.

[0251] Furthermore, embodiments of this application also provide an apparatus for implementing any of the above control methods, the apparatus including a unit (or means) for implementing any of the above control methods.

[0252] Figure 7 This is a schematic block diagram of a control device 700 proposed in an embodiment of this application.

[0253] The control device 700 can be applied to a power supply system, which includes at least a first power supply domain, and the first power supply domain includes at least a first load, see reference. Figure 7 As shown, the control device 700 includes: The acquisition unit 710 is used to acquire first historical data in response to a first request information of the first load. The first request information is used to request a change in the operating condition of the first load, and the first historical data is used to indicate the degree of interference to the power system caused by the previous change in the operating condition of the first load. The determination unit 720 is used to determine the first interference risk of the current change of the first load operating condition based on the first historical data; and to determine the control parameters and / or timing of the change of the current change of the first load operating condition based on the first interference risk. Control unit 730 is used to control the first load change condition according to control parameters and / or the timing of the change.

[0254] In some possible embodiments, the power system further includes a second power supply domain connected to the first power supply domain; the first historical data includes first interference data of the operating conditions of the first load previously changing on the second power supply domain.

[0255] In some possible embodiments, the voltage of the second power supply domain is lower than the voltage of the first power supply domain.

[0256] In some possible embodiments, when the current operating condition of the first load is the first operating condition, the first request information is used to request a change of the first load to the second operating condition, and the first historical data is used to indicate the degree of interference to the power system caused by changing the first load from the first operating condition to the second operating condition.

[0257] In some possible embodiments, the acquisition unit 710 is further configured to: acquire first operating state parameters of the power system; the determination unit 720 is specifically configured to: determine whether the first operating state parameters meet the power supply conditions for changing the operating condition of the first load; and in response to the first operating state parameters meeting the power supply conditions, determine the first interference risk of the current change of the first load based on the first historical data.

[0258] In some possible embodiments, the first operating state parameters mentioned above include at least one of the voltage and current of at least one power supply domain in the power supply system and the power supply power margin of the power supply system; the power supply conditions correspond to at least one of the following: the voltage of at least one power supply domain is greater than or equal to the corresponding voltage threshold; the current of at least one power supply domain is less than or equal to the corresponding current threshold; and the power supply power margin is greater than or equal to the power threshold.

[0259] In some possible embodiments, the determining unit 720 is specifically used to: obtain reference operating parameters of the first load, the reference operating parameters including at least one of the following: the operating power of the first load, the operating condition change frequency, and the driving parameters for the operating condition change; and determine the first interference risk based on the reference operating parameters, the first historical data, and the first operating status parameters.

[0260] In some possible embodiments, the rate of change of the drive signal in the above control parameters decreases as the first interference risk increases, the timing of the change is delayed as the first interference risk increases, and the drive signal is used to drive the first load change condition.

[0261] In some possible embodiments, the above-mentioned control parameters and change timing are also related to the load type of the first load, including: when the first load is a necessary load, the control parameter is a first control parameter, and / or the change timing is a first change timing; when the first load is a non-necessary load, the control parameter is a second control parameter, and / or the change timing is a second change timing; wherein, the rate of change of the drive signal corresponding to the second control parameter is less than the rate of change of the drive signal corresponding to the first control parameter, and the second change timing is later than the first change timing.

[0262] In some possible embodiments, during the process of the first load change condition, the acquisition unit 710 is further configured to: acquire the second operating state parameters of the power system; the determination unit 720 is further configured to: determine the first disturbance amount generated by the first load according to the second operating state parameters; the control unit 730 is further configured to: when the first disturbance amount is greater than the disturbance amount threshold, execute a degradation strategy on the first load, the degradation strategy including at least one of the following: interrupt the operation of the first load, reduce the operating power of the first load, limit the drive current of the first load, or limit the drive voltage of the first load.

[0263] In some possible embodiments, the second operating state parameter mentioned above includes: the voltage and / or current of at least one power supply domain in the power supply system; the first disturbance quantity corresponds to at least one of the following: the voltage fluctuation amplitude, voltage envelope amplitude, or current fluctuation amplitude of at least one power supply domain; the disturbance quantity threshold includes safety thresholds corresponding to the voltage fluctuation amplitude, voltage envelope amplitude, or current fluctuation amplitude, respectively.

[0264] In some possible embodiments, the control device 700 further includes: a data maintenance unit 740, configured to acquire second interference data of the current change in the first load, the second interference data including the first disturbance amount; and add the second interference data to the first historical data.

[0265] This application embodiment also provides a control device 800, Figure 8 This is a schematic block diagram of a control device 800 proposed in an embodiment of this application.

[0266] Figure 8 The control device 800 shown includes a memory 810 and a processor 820.

[0267] In some possible embodiments, the memory 810 and the processor 820 can communicate via bus 840.

[0268] In some possible embodiments, the control device 800 also includes a communication interface 830. Accordingly, the memory 810, the processor 820, and the communication interface 830 are interconnected via a bus 840.

[0269] The memory 810 may be a read-only memory (ROM), a static storage device, a dynamic storage device, or a random access memory (RAM). The memory 810 may store a program, and when the program stored in the memory 810 is executed by the processor 820, the processor 820 is used to execute the various steps of the control method proposed in the embodiments of this application.

[0270] The processor 820 may be a general-purpose central processing unit (CPU), microprocessor, application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), graphics processing unit (GPU), or one or more integrated circuits, used to execute relevant programs to implement the control method proposed in the embodiments of this application.

[0271] The processor 820 can also be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. In the implementation process, each step of the control method proposed in this application embodiment can be completed by the hardware integrated logic circuit in the processor 820 or by software instructions.

[0272] The processor 820 described above can also be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components. It can implement or execute the methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of this application. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the methods involved in the embodiments of this application can be directly embodied in the execution of a hardware decoding processor, or executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor. The software modules can be located in random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, or other mature storage media in the art. This storage medium is located in memory 810, and the processor 820 reads the information in memory 810 and executes the control method proposed in the embodiments of this application.

[0273] The communication interface 830 uses a transceiver device, such as, but not limited to, a transceiver, to enable communication between the control device 800 and other devices or communication networks.

[0274] Bus 840 may include a pathway for transmitting information between various components of control device 800 (e.g., memory 810, processor 820, communication interface 830).

[0275] It should be understood that although the above-described device 800 only shows a memory, processor, and communication interface, those skilled in the art should understand that in specific implementations, device 800 may also include other devices necessary for normal operation. Furthermore, depending on specific needs, those skilled in the art should understand that device 800 may also include hardware devices for implementing other additional functions. Moreover, those skilled in the art should understand that device 800 may only include the devices necessary for implementing the embodiments of this application, and may not necessarily include... Figure 8 All the devices shown.

[0276] It should be understood that the processor in the embodiments of this application can be a central processing unit (CPU), or it can be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor, etc.

[0277] It should also be understood that the memory in the embodiments of this application can be volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory. The non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory. The volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache. By way of example, but not limitation, many forms of random access memory (RAM) are available, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous DRAM (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous DRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous linked DRAM (SLDRAM), and direct rambus RAM (DR RAM).

[0278] In some possible embodiments, any control device proposed in this application may include a sampling circuit, which includes a low-frequency sampling channel and a high-frequency sampling channel. The low-frequency sampling channel is used to acquire low-frequency signals from the power supply system, and the high-frequency sampling channel is used to acquire high-frequency signals from the power supply system. This sampling circuit may employ the aforementioned... Figure 6The circuit structure shown is shown.

[0279] The sampling circuit can be at least a part of the acquisition unit 710 in the control device 700 described above.

[0280] Furthermore, this application embodiment also provides a power supply system, which includes at least one power supply domain, and the at least one power supply domain includes a first load, as well as any of the control devices proposed in this application embodiment. The control device is connected to the first load and is used to control the first load to change its operating conditions.

[0281] This application also provides a vehicle that includes the power system proposed in this application.

[0282] This application also provides a computer program product containing instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause a device to perform the control method described above.

[0283] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing instructions thereon, which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform the control method described above.

[0284] In implementation, each step of the above method can be completed by integrated logic circuits in the processor's hardware or by instructions in software. The method disclosed in the embodiments of this application can be directly implemented by a hardware processor, or by a combination of hardware and software modules within the processor. The software modules can reside in random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, power-on erasable programmable memory, registers, or other mature storage media in the art. This storage medium is located in memory, and the processor reads information from the memory and, in conjunction with its hardware, completes the steps of the above method. To avoid repetition, detailed descriptions are omitted here.

[0285] It should be understood that in the embodiments of this application, the memory may include read-only memory and random access memory, and provides instructions and data to the processor.

[0286] It should also be understood that, in the various embodiments of this application, the order of the above-mentioned processes does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0287] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0288] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0289] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0290] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0291] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0292] If the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0293] The detailed descriptions and accompanying drawings of the above embodiments are used to exemplarily illustrate the principles of this application, but should not be used to limit the scope of this application; that is, this application is not limited to the described embodiments. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be covered within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be determined by the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A control method, characterized in that, Applied to a power supply system, the power supply system including at least a first power supply domain, the first power supply domain including at least a first load, the control method includes: In response to a first request from the first load, first historical data is obtained. The first request is used to request a change in the operating condition of the first load, and the first historical data is used to indicate the degree of interference to the power system caused by the previous change in the operating condition of the first load. Based on the first historical data, determine the first interference risk of the operating condition of the first load in this change; Based on the first interference risk, determine the control parameters and / or timing of the change for the operating condition of the first load. The first load change condition is controlled according to the control parameters and / or the timing of the change.

2. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power system further includes a second power supply domain, which is connected to the first power supply domain; the first historical data includes first interference data on the second power supply domain caused by previous changes in the operating conditions of the first load.

3. The control method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The voltage of the second power supply domain is lower than the voltage of the first power supply domain.

4. The control method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The current operating condition of the first load is the first operating condition, the first request information is used to request a change of the first load to the second operating condition, and the first historical data is used to indicate the degree of interference to the power supply system caused by changing the first load from the first operating condition to the second operating condition.

5. The control method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The control method further includes: Obtain the first operating state parameters of the power system; Determine whether the first operating status parameters meet the power supply conditions for changing the operating conditions of the first load; The first interference risk determined based on the first historical data includes: In response to the first operating state parameter satisfying the power supply conditions, the first interference risk of changing the operating condition of the first load in this change is determined based on the first historical data.

6. The control method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first operating status parameter includes at least one of the following: voltage and current of at least one power supply domain in the power supply system, and power supply margin of the power supply system. The power supply conditions include at least one of the following: The voltage of at least one power supply domain is greater than or equal to the corresponding voltage threshold. The current in at least one power supply domain is less than or equal to the corresponding current threshold. The power supply margin is greater than or equal to the power threshold.

7. The control method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, The first interference risk determined based on the first historical data includes: Obtain reference operating parameters for the first load, wherein the reference operating parameters include at least one of the following: operating power of the first load, operating condition change frequency, and driving parameters for operating condition change; The first interference risk is determined based on the reference operating parameters, the first historical data, and the first operating status parameters.

8. The control method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The rate of change of the drive signal in the control parameters decreases as the first interference risk increases, the timing of the change is delayed as the first interference risk increases, and the drive signal is used to drive the first load change condition.

9. The control method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The control parameters and the timing of the change are also related to the load type of the first load, including: When the first load is a necessary load, the control parameter is the first control parameter, and / or the change timing is the first change timing; When the first load is an unnecessary load, the control parameter is the second control parameter, and / or the change timing is the second change timing; Wherein, the rate of change of the drive signal corresponding to the second control parameter is less than the rate of change of the drive signal corresponding to the first control parameter, and the second change timing is later than the first change timing.

10. The control method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, During the first load change condition, the control method further includes: Obtain the second operating state parameters of the power system; Based on the second operating state parameters, determine the first disturbance amount generated by the first load; When the first disturbance is greater than the disturbance threshold, a degradation strategy is executed on the first load. The degradation strategy includes at least one of the following: interrupting the operation of the first load, reducing the operating power of the first load, limiting the drive current of the first load, or limiting the drive voltage of the first load.

11. The control method according to claim 10, characterized in that, The second operating status parameters include: the voltage and / or current of at least one power supply domain in the power supply system; The first disturbance corresponds to at least one of the following: the voltage fluctuation amplitude, voltage envelope amplitude, or current fluctuation amplitude of the at least one power supply domain; The disturbance threshold includes safety thresholds corresponding to the voltage fluctuation amplitude, the voltage envelope amplitude, or the current fluctuation amplitude, respectively.

12. The control method according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that, The control method further includes: Obtain the second interference data of the operating condition of the first load in this change, the second interference data including the first disturbance amount; Add the second interference data to the first historical data.

13. A control device, characterized in that, Applied to a power supply system, the power supply system including at least a first power supply domain, the first power supply domain including at least a first load, the control device including: The acquisition unit is configured to acquire first historical data in response to a first request information from the first load, wherein the first request information is used to request a change in the operating condition of the first load, and the first historical data is used to indicate the degree of interference to the power system caused by the previous change in the operating condition of the first load. The determining unit is configured to determine, based on the first historical data, the first interference risk of the current change of the first load operating condition; and based on the first interference risk, determine the control parameters and / or the timing of the change of the current change of the first load operating condition. The control unit is used to control the first load change condition according to the control parameters and / or the timing of the change.

14. The control device according to claim 13, characterized in that, The power system further includes a second power supply domain, which is connected to the first power supply domain; the first historical data includes first interference data on the second power supply domain caused by previous changes in the operating conditions of the first load.

15. The control device according to claim 14, characterized in that, The voltage of the second power supply domain is lower than the voltage of the first power supply domain.

16. The control device according to any one of claims 13 to 15, characterized in that, The current operating condition of the first load is the first operating condition, the first request information is used to request a change of the first load to the second operating condition, and the first historical data is used to indicate the degree of interference to the power supply system caused by changing the first load from the first operating condition to the second operating condition.

17. The control device according to any one of claims 13 to 16, characterized in that, The acquisition unit is further configured to: acquire the first operating state parameters of the power system; The determining unit is specifically used to: determine whether the first operating state parameters meet the power supply conditions for changing the operating conditions of the first load; In response to the first operating state parameter satisfying the power supply conditions, the first interference risk of changing the operating condition of the first load in this change is determined based on the first historical data.

18. The control device according to claim 17, characterized in that, The first operating status parameter includes at least one of the following: voltage and current of at least one power supply domain in the power supply system, and power supply margin of the power supply system. The power supply conditions include at least one of the following: The voltage of at least one power supply domain is greater than or equal to the corresponding voltage threshold. The current in at least one power supply domain is less than or equal to the corresponding current threshold. The power supply margin is greater than or equal to the power threshold.

19. The control device according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that, The determining unit is specifically used for: Obtain reference operating parameters for the first load, wherein the reference operating parameters include at least one of the following: operating power of the first load, operating condition change frequency, and driving parameters for operating condition change; The first interference risk is determined based on the reference operating parameters, the first historical data, and the first operating status parameters.

20. The control device according to any one of claims 13 to 19, characterized in that, The rate of change of the drive signal in the control parameters decreases as the first interference risk increases, the timing of the change is delayed as the first interference risk increases, and the drive signal is used to drive the first load change condition.

21. The control device according to claim 20, characterized in that, The control parameters and the timing of the change are also related to the load type of the first load, including: When the first load is a necessary load, the control parameter is the first control parameter, and / or the change timing is the first change timing; When the first load is an unnecessary load, the control parameter is the second control parameter, and / or the change timing is the second change timing; Wherein, the rate of change of the drive signal corresponding to the second control parameter is less than the rate of change of the drive signal corresponding to the first control parameter, and the second change timing is later than the first change timing.

22. The control device according to any one of claims 13 to 21, characterized in that, During the first load change operation, the acquisition unit is also used to: acquire the second operating status parameters of the power system; The determining unit is further configured to: determine the first disturbance amount generated by the first load based on the second operating state parameters; The control unit is further configured to: when the first disturbance is greater than the disturbance threshold, execute a degradation strategy on the first load, the degradation strategy including at least one of the following: interrupting the operation of the first load, reducing the operating power of the first load, limiting the drive current of the first load, or limiting the drive voltage of the first load.

23. The control device according to claim 22, characterized in that, The second operating status parameters include: the voltage and / or current of at least one power supply domain in the power supply system; The first disturbance corresponds to at least one of the following: the voltage fluctuation amplitude, voltage envelope amplitude, or current fluctuation amplitude of the at least one power supply domain; The disturbance threshold includes safety thresholds corresponding to the voltage fluctuation amplitude, the voltage envelope amplitude, or the current fluctuation amplitude, respectively.

24. The control device according to claim 22 or 23, characterized in that, The control device further includes: The data maintenance unit is used to acquire second interference data of the operating condition of the first load in this change, the second interference data including the first disturbance amount; and to add the second interference data to the first historical data.

25. A control device, characterized in that, The device includes at least one processor coupled to at least one memory, the at least one processor being configured to execute a computer program or instructions stored in the at least one memory to cause the device to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 12.

26. The control device according to claim 25, characterized in that, The control device further includes: The sampling circuit includes a low-frequency sampling channel and a high-frequency sampling channel. The low-frequency sampling channel is used to acquire low-frequency signals from the power supply system, and the high-frequency sampling channel is used to acquire high-frequency signals from the power supply system.

27. A power supply system, characterized in that, The power supply system includes: At least one power supply domain, the at least one power supply domain including a first load; The control device as described in any one of claims 13 to 26 is connected to the first load and is used to control the first load to change its operating conditions.

28. A vehicle, characterized in that, The vehicle includes the power system as described in claim 27.

29. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, It stores instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to implement the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 12.

30. A computer program product, characterized in that, It includes instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 12 to be performed.

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