Voltage conversion circuit and power supply device

Abstract

The application relates to a voltage conversion circuit and a power supply device. The voltage conversion circuit comprises a conversion module, the conversion module comprising a switch tube, and the input voltage and the output voltage of the conversion module being different; at least one voltage generation module, the first input end of each voltage generation module being used for receiving a first input voltage, the second input end of each voltage generation module being connected with a periodic jump node of the switch tube and used for receiving a second input voltage, the second input voltage being a jump voltage; wherein each voltage generation module is used for generating a target voltage at the output end of the voltage generation module according to the first input voltage and the second input voltage; and the target voltage is different from the output voltage of the conversion module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of voltage conversion technology, and in particular to a voltage conversion circuit and power supply device. Background Technology

[0002] In modern control systems, multiple voltage requirements are very common. For example, different functional modules in a control system may require different operating voltages to drive. For instance, in a typical control system, the main power supply is usually used for initial power, but when it comes to driving different functional modules, a voltage higher or lower than the main power supply voltage may be required, or even a negative voltage in certain situations.

[0003] Traditional technologies typically design a separate DC-DC converter for each required output voltage. For example, for scenarios where the output voltage is lower than the input voltage, a Buck converter or LDO (Low Dropout Regulator) circuit can be used; for scenarios where the output voltage is higher than the input voltage, a Boost converter or other boost topologies can be used; and for negative voltage output requirements, an inverting Buck-Boost converter or... Topology implementations such as converters.

[0004] Therefore, when a system needs to provide multiple different voltage levels simultaneously, it typically requires configuring multiple DC-DC converters of different types. This not only increases the design complexity of the power supply system but also necessitates the introduction of more electronic components, leading to a significant increase in manufacturing costs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] According to various embodiments of this application, a voltage conversion circuit and a power supply device are provided.

[0006] A voltage conversion circuit includes: a conversion module comprising a switching transistor, wherein the input voltage and output voltage of the conversion module are different; at least one voltage generation module, wherein a first input terminal of each voltage generation module is used to receive a first input voltage, and a second input terminal of each voltage generation module is connected to a periodic switching node of the switching transistor for receiving a second input voltage, wherein the second input voltage is a switching voltage; wherein each voltage generation module is used to generate a target voltage at its output terminal based on the first input voltage and the second input voltage; the target voltage is different from the output voltage of the conversion module.

[0007] In one embodiment, the voltage generation module includes: a first diode, a first terminal of which is used to receive the first input voltage; a first capacitor, a first terminal of which is connected to a second terminal of the first diode, and a second terminal of which is connected to the periodic switching node; a second diode, a first terminal of which is connected to a second terminal of the first diode; and a second capacitor, a first terminal of which is connected to a second terminal of the second diode, with the connection node serving as the output terminal of the voltage generation module, and a second terminal of which is connected to a reference terminal.

[0008] In one embodiment, the first end of the first diode and the first end of the second diode are respectively the anodes of the diodes, and the second ends of the first diode and the second diode are respectively the cathodes of the diodes; wherein, the target voltage output by the voltage generation module is greater than the first input voltage and greater than the second input voltage.

[0009] In one embodiment, the first end of the first diode and the first end of the second diode are the cathodes of the diodes, and the second ends of the first diode and the second diode are the anodes of the diodes; wherein the target voltage output by the voltage generation module is a negative voltage.

[0010] In one embodiment, the voltage generation module further includes a third capacitor, the first terminal of which is connected to the first terminal of the first diode, and the second terminal of which is grounded.

[0011] In one embodiment, the voltage generation module further includes: a first resistor, a first end of which is connected to a second end of the first capacitor, and a second end of which is connected to the periodic switching node; or, a first end of the first resistor is connected to a second end of the first diode, and a second end of the first resistor is connected to a first end of the first capacitor.

[0012] In one embodiment, when the input voltage of the conversion module is greater than the output voltage, the first input terminal of the voltage generation module is connected to the output terminal of the conversion module, or the first input terminal of the voltage generation module is connected to an external power supply.

[0013] In one embodiment, when the first input terminal of the voltage generation module is connected to an external power supply and the voltage output by the voltage generation module is a negative voltage, the first input voltage received by the first input terminal of the voltage generation module is less than the input voltage of the conversion module.

[0014] In one embodiment, when the target voltage output by the voltage generation module is greater than the first input voltage and greater than the second input voltage, the target voltage is determined based on the sum of the input voltage of the conversion module and the first input voltage of the voltage generation module; when the target voltage output by the voltage generation module is a negative voltage, the target voltage is determined based on the difference between the first input voltage of the voltage generation module and the input voltage of the conversion module.

[0015] In one embodiment, when the input voltage of the conversion module is less than the output voltage, the first input terminal of the voltage generation module is connected to the input terminal of the conversion module, or the first input terminal of the voltage generation module is connected to an external power supply.

[0016] In one embodiment, when the first input terminal of the voltage generation module is connected to an external power supply and the voltage output by the voltage generation module is a negative voltage, the first input voltage received by the first input terminal of the voltage generation module is less than the output voltage of the conversion module.

[0017] In one embodiment, when the target voltage output by the voltage generation module is greater than the first input voltage and greater than the second input voltage, the target voltage is determined based on the sum of the output voltage of the conversion module and the first input voltage of the voltage generation module; when the target voltage output by the voltage generation module is a negative voltage, the target voltage is determined based on the difference between the first input voltage of the voltage generation module and the output voltage of the conversion module.

[0018] A power supply device includes: a voltage regulating transistor, a first end of which is used to receive a supplied voltage, and a second end of which serves as an output terminal of the power supply device; a voltage conversion circuit according to any one of the preceding claims; and a clamping module, a first end of which is connected to the output terminal of one of the voltage generation modules of the voltage conversion circuit for receiving a target voltage, and a second end of which is connected to a control terminal of the voltage regulating transistor; the clamping module is used to generate a clamping voltage based on the received target voltage and output the clamping voltage via its second end; the clamping voltage is used to control the voltage regulating transistor to conduct, thereby limiting the voltage at the output terminal of the power supply device.

[0019] In one embodiment, the output terminal of the power supply device is connected to the input terminal of the conversion module in the voltage conversion circuit. The power supply device further includes: a second resistor, the first terminal of which is connected to the first terminal of the voltage regulating transistor, and the second terminal of which is connected to the control terminal of the voltage regulating transistor; and a fourth capacitor, the first terminal of which is connected to the control terminal of the voltage regulating transistor, and the second terminal of which is grounded.

[0020] In one embodiment, the power supply device further includes: a power module, wherein when the power module is connected to the output terminal of another voltage generation module in the voltage conversion circuit, the power module is charged by the target voltage output by the other voltage generation module; and when the power module is connected to the first terminal of the voltage regulating tube, the power module is used to provide a supply voltage.

[0021] According to the voltage conversion circuit described above, each voltage generation module can generate a target voltage based on the first input voltage received at its first input terminal and the second input voltage received at its second input terminal. Therefore, for N voltage generation modules (N being an integer greater than or equal to 1), N target voltages can be output; combined with the output voltage of the conversion module, N+1 voltages can actually be obtained, satisfying multiple voltage requirements. Furthermore, by controlling the first input terminals of different voltage generation modules to receive different first input voltages, multiple different voltage levels can be obtained. Thus, through a single conversion module, combined with some simple electronic components (for implementing the voltage generation module), multi-channel arbitrary voltage output can be achieved. Compared to the traditional technology of designing a corresponding DC-DC converter for each required voltage, this application can significantly reduce manufacturing costs, reduce bill of materials (BOM) costs, and save PCB (Printed Circuit Board) space. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the conventional technology, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the conventional technology will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic block diagram of a voltage conversion circuit according to an embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 2A A voltage generation module according to one embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 2B A voltage generation module according to one embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 3A A voltage generation module according to another embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 3B A voltage generation module according to another embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 4 A voltage conversion circuit according to one embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 5 A voltage conversion circuit according to another embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic block diagram of a power supply device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic circuit diagram of a power supply device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0032] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0033] 10: Voltage conversion circuit; 20: Voltage regulating tube; 30: Clamping module; 11: Conversion module; 12: Voltage generation module; 11-1: First conversion module; 11-2: Second conversion module; 12-1: First voltage generation module; 12-2: Second voltage generation module; 12-3: Third voltage generation module; 12-4: Fourth voltage generation module; 100: Power supply device; 1101: Switching tube. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To facilitate understanding of this application, a more complete description will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate embodiments of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the disclosure of this application will be thorough and complete.

[0035] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.

[0036] It is understood that the terms "first," "second," etc., used herein may be used to describe various elements, but these elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, without departing from the scope of this application, a first resistor may be referred to as a second resistor, and similarly, a second resistor may be referred to as a first resistor. Both the first resistor and the second resistor are resistors, but they are not the same resistor.

[0037] It is understood that the term "connection" in the following embodiments should be understood as "electrical connection," "communication connection," etc., if the connected circuits, modules, units, etc., have electrical signal or data transmission with each other.

[0038] When used herein, the singular forms of “a,” “an,” and “the” may also include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the terms “comprising / including” or “having,” etc., specify the presence of the stated features, wholes, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof, but do not preclude the possibility of the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof. Meanwhile, the term “and / or” as used in this specification includes any and all combinations of the associated listed items.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, this application provides a voltage conversion circuit 10, which may include a conversion module 11 and at least one voltage generation module 12. Exemplarily, Figure 1 N (N is an integer greater than or equal to 1) voltage generation modules are shown. Each conversion module 11 includes a switching transistor 1101, and its input voltage and output voltage are different, meaning it can perform voltage conversion. Each voltage generation module 12 has a first input terminal for receiving a first input voltage, and a second input terminal connected to the periodic switching node of the switching transistor 1101 for receiving a second input voltage, which is a switching voltage. Each voltage generation module 12 generates a target voltage at its output terminal based on the first and second input voltages (and optionally, outputs the target voltage), which is different from the output voltage of the conversion module 11.

[0040] In some embodiments, the conversion module 11 is mainly used for voltage conversion, that is, to convert the input voltage V_in into an output voltage V_out that is different from the input voltage V_in. Typically, both the input voltage V_in and the output voltage V_out of the conversion module 11 are positive voltages. In some implementations, the conversion module 11 can specifically be a DC-DC conversion module, preferably a DC-DC conversion module based on PWM (Pulse-Width Modulation). When the conversion module 11 is a DC-DC conversion module, it is mainly used to convert the input DC voltage into another DC voltage output.

[0041] It should be noted that the conversion module 11 includes a switching transistor 1101, which includes, but is not limited to, semiconductor switching devices (such as MOSFETs) and transistors. The switching transistor 1101 can be controlled to periodically turn on and off. In some implementations, the conversion module 11 may also include electronic components such as inductors and capacitors. The conversion module 11 can utilize the high-speed on and off of the switching transistor 1101 (such as semiconductor switching devices) to "chop" the input DC voltage into high-frequency pulses, which are then filtered and stored by inductors and capacitors before outputting a stable DC voltage.

[0042] When the conversion module 11 is operating, the switching transistor 1101 within it will periodically turn on and off under the influence of the control signal, that is, it will turn on and off at a predetermined frequency. For example, taking a PWM-based DC-DC converter as an example, the PWM controller can generate a control signal and transmit it to the control terminal of the switching transistor in the DC-DC converter, thereby controlling the switching transistor's on and off states. For instance, when the PWM control signal is high, the switching transistor is on; when the PWM signal is low, the switching transistor is off.

[0043] When switch 1101 is turned on, the voltage at one end of switch 1101 (e.g., the first or second end) is a fixed value (e.g., a first voltage value). When switch 1101 is turned off, the voltage at that end jumps to another value (e.g., a second voltage value different from the first voltage value). As switch 1101 periodically turns on and off, the end of switch 1101 where the voltage jumps can be called a periodic switching node. In other words, a periodic switching node is a node where the voltage undergoes periodic switching.

[0044] In some embodiments, the conversion module 11 can be implemented by a buck DC-DC converter (such as Buck), a boost DC-DC converter (such as Boost), a buck-boost converter (such as Buck-Boost), or a converter with other topologies. It should be noted that the internal structure of the conversion module 11 is not limited in the embodiments of this application, as long as it is a module that includes a controlled switching transistor that achieves periodic on and off switching and has voltage conversion function.

[0045] In some embodiments, the voltage conversion circuit 10 may have one or more voltage generation modules 12 as needed, each voltage generation module 12 having two input terminals (i.e., a first input terminal and a second input terminal) and one output terminal. Each voltage generation module 12 can generate a voltage (referred to as a target voltage in this application) based on a first input voltage received at the first input terminal and a second input voltage (switching voltage) received at the second input terminal, and optionally output it via the output terminal of the voltage generation module 12. Each voltage generation module 12 may output different target voltages due to different first input voltages and / or different connection directions of the electronic components inside the voltage generation module 12. It is understood that different voltage generation modules 12 can generate different target voltages.

[0046] In some implementations, the first input voltage received at the first input terminal of one or more voltage generation modules 12 may be the input voltage V_in input to the conversion module 11 or the output voltage V_out output via the conversion module 11. In other implementations, the first input voltage received at the first input terminal of one or more voltage generation modules 12 may be a predetermined voltage, such as a voltage provided by an external power supply. Here, "external power supply" refers to a power supply that is not internal to the voltage conversion circuit, but rather located outside the voltage conversion circuit.

[0047] The second input voltage received at the second input terminal of each voltage generation module 12 is a jumping voltage. A jumping voltage is a voltage whose value changes significantly and suddenly within a very short time, such as a voltage value instantly "jumping" from one stable value to another. As mentioned earlier, a periodic jumping node refers to a node where the voltage undergoes periodic jumping. The periodic jumping node of the switching transistor 1101 corresponds to the node at the terminal of the switching transistor 1101 where the voltage jump occurs (e.g., the first terminal or the second terminal).

[0048] In some embodiments, when the voltage conversion circuit 10 has multiple voltage generation modules, the first input terminal of each voltage generation module can receive the same first input voltage or different first input voltages, while the second input terminal of each voltage generation module is connected to the same periodic switching node and receives the same second input voltage.

[0049] According to the voltage conversion circuit provided in this application embodiment, each voltage generation module can generate a target voltage based on the first input voltage received at its first input terminal and the second input voltage received at its second input terminal. Therefore, for N voltage generation modules (N being an integer greater than or equal to 1), N target voltages can be output; combined with the output voltage of the conversion module, N+1 voltages can actually be obtained, satisfying multiple voltage requirements. Furthermore, by controlling the first input terminals of different voltage generation modules to receive different first input voltages, multiple different voltage levels can be obtained. Thus, through a single conversion module, combined with some simple electronic components (for implementing the voltage generation module), multi-channel arbitrary voltage output can be achieved. Compared to the traditional technology of designing a corresponding DC-DC converter for each required voltage, this application can significantly reduce manufacturing costs, reduce bill of materials (BOM) costs, and save PCB footprint.

[0050] In some embodiments, each voltage generation module 12 may include the same electronic components. For example, refer to... Figure 2A and Figure 2B Each voltage generation module 12 may include: a first diode D1, a first capacitor C1, a second diode D2, and a second capacitor C2.

[0051] The first terminal of the first diode D1 (serving as the first input terminal of the voltage generation module 12) is used to receive the first input voltage; the first terminal of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the second terminal of the first diode D1, and the second terminal of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the periodic switching node; the first terminal of the second diode D2 is connected to the second terminal of the first diode D1; the first terminal of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the second terminal of the second diode D2, and the connection node serves as the output terminal of the voltage generation module 12; the second terminal of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the reference terminal, wherein the reference terminal can be a reference ground terminal or a power supply terminal.

[0052] Figure 2A The first terminal of the first diode D1 and the first terminal of the second diode D2 shown are the anodes of the diodes, and the second terminals of the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 are the cathodes of the diodes. Figure 2B The first terminal of the first diode D1 and the first terminal of the second diode D2 shown are the cathodes of the diodes, and the second terminals of the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 are the anodes of the diodes.

[0053] It should be noted that, Figure 2A and Figure 2B The reference terminal in the example is a reference ground terminal; in other embodiments, the reference terminal can also be a power supply terminal. It is understood that... Figure 2AOne type of voltage generation module is shown in the figure. Figure 2B Another voltage generation module is shown. Because the diodes in these two voltage generation modules are connected in different directions, the target voltages output by these two voltage generation modules will also be different.

[0054] like Figure 3A and 3B As shown, in some embodiments, the voltage generation module 12 may optionally further include a third capacitor C3, the first terminal of which is connected to the first terminal of the first diode D1, and the second terminal of which is grounded. The third capacitor C3 is used for filtering and voltage regulation to improve the stability of the output voltage.

[0055] like Figure 3A and 3B As shown, in some embodiments, the voltage generation module 12 may optionally further include a first resistor R1, with a first end of the first resistor R1 connected to the second end of the first capacitor C1, and the second end of the first resistor R1 connected to a periodic switching node. That is, the first end of the first diode D1 is used to receive the first input voltage, the first end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the second end of the first diode D1, the second end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the first end of the first resistor R1, and the second end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the periodic switching node. The first end of the second diode D2 is connected to the second end of the first diode D1, the first end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the second end of the second diode D2, and the connection node serves as the output terminal of the voltage generation module. The second end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the reference terminal. It should be noted that... Figure 3A and Figure 3B The reference terminal in the example is the reference ground terminal. In other embodiments, the reference terminal can also be the power supply terminal, and this application does not limit this.

[0056] In other embodiments, the first end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the second end of the first diode D1, and the second end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the first end of the first capacitor C1 (not shown). That is, the first end of the first diode D1 is used to receive the first input voltage, the first end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the second end of the first diode D1, the second end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the first end of the first capacitor C1, and the second end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the periodic switching node. The first end of the second diode D2 is connected to the second end of the first diode D1, the first end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the second end of the second diode D2, and the connection node serves as the output terminal of the voltage generation module. The second end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the reference terminal.

[0057] The first resistor R1 in the above embodiment can be used to limit the peak current.

[0058] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2A and Figure 3A The first terminal of the first diode D1 and the first terminal of the second diode D2 are the anodes of the diodes, and the second terminals of the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 are the cathodes of the diodes. The target voltage output by the voltage generation module 12 is greater than both the first and second input voltages. In other words, the voltage generation module 12 is a voltage generation module capable of performing a boost function.

[0059] The following is for reference. Figure 2A and / or Figure 3A To illustrate the working logic of the voltage generation module 12 that implements the boost function:

[0060] Assume the first input voltage is V1, and the second input voltage is (or close to) 0 or V2 (where 0 and V2 will alternate at a predetermined frequency, and V2 is a positive voltage greater than zero). In this case, V1 can be any positive voltage.

[0061] refer to Figure 2A and / or Figure 3A When the second input voltage is (or close to) 0V, the first diode D1 is turned on, and the second diode D2 is reverse-biased and cut off. The first input voltage V1 charges the first capacitor C1 through the first diode D1, and the voltage on the first capacitor C1 after it is fully charged is (or close to) V1. When the second input voltage is (or close to) V2, the first diode D1 is reverse-biased and cut off, and the second diode D2 is turned on. The first capacitor C1 begins to discharge. At this time, the voltage V1 on the first capacitor C1 is superimposed with the second input voltage V2, and the second capacitor C2 is charged through the second diode D2. The voltage on the second capacitor C2 after it is fully charged is (or close to) (V1 + V2).

[0062] It should be noted that the above example is based on the reference terminal being the reference ground terminal. When the reference terminal is the power supply terminal, the voltage at the first terminal of the second capacitor C2 when it is fully charged is (or close to) (V1+V2). That is to say, regardless of whether the reference terminal is the reference ground terminal or the power supply terminal, the voltage at the output terminal of the voltage generation module 12 that implements the boost function is (or close to) (V1+V2).

[0063] Furthermore, it should be noted that since the second input voltage continuously alternates between 0 and V2, the first diode D1 and / or the second diode D2 will continuously conduct and reverse-biased, respectively, meaning that the first capacitor C1 will continuously charge and discharge. When the output of the voltage generation module 12 supplies power to an external load, the second capacitor C2 will also continue to charge, thus enabling the voltage generation module 12 to stably provide a target voltage of (V1+V2) or close to (V1+V2).

[0064] In the above embodiments, by constructing a voltage generation module using some simple electronic components (such as diodes and capacitors), a target voltage greater than both the first and second input voltages can be obtained, thus achieving the boost function. Compared to traditional boost converters, this significantly reduces manufacturing costs and bill of materials costs while saving PCB footprint.

[0065] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2B and Figure 3B The first terminal of the first diode D1 and the first terminal of the second diode D2 are the cathodes of the diodes, and the second terminals of the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 are the anodes of the diodes. The target voltage output by the voltage generation module 12 is a negative voltage. That is, the voltage generation module 12 is a voltage generation module capable of achieving negative voltage output.

[0066] It should be noted that the terms "positive voltage" and "negative voltage" in this application are relative to the ground voltage (0V). For example, "positive voltage" refers to a voltage greater than 0V, and "negative voltage" refers to a voltage less than 0V.

[0067] The following is for reference. Figure 2B and / or Figure 3B To illustrate the working logic of the voltage generation module 12 that generates negative voltage:

[0068] Continuing to assume the first input voltage is V1, and the second input voltage is (or close to) 0 or V2 (where 0 and V2 will alternate at a predetermined frequency, and V2 is a positive voltage greater than zero). In this case, V1 can be any negative voltage, 0V, or a positive voltage less than V2 (this can be achieved by controlling the connection objects of the first input terminal and / or the second input terminal of the voltage generation module 12).

[0069] refer to Figure 2B and / or Figure 3B When the second input voltage is (or close to) V2, the first diode D1 is turned on, and the second diode D2 is reverse-biased and cut off. The second input voltage V2 charges the first capacitor C1 through the first diode D1, and the voltage on the first capacitor C1 after it is fully charged is (or close to) (V2-V1). When the second input voltage is (or close to) 0V, the first diode D1 is reverse-biased and cut off, and the second diode D2 is turned on. The first capacitor C1 begins to discharge, and the voltage on the first capacitor C1 (V2-V1) reverse-biased and charges the second capacitor C2 through the second diode D2. The voltage on the second capacitor C2 after it is fully charged is (or close to) -(V2-V1), that is, (V1-V2).

[0070] It should be noted that the above example is based on the reference terminal being the reference ground terminal. When the reference terminal is the power supply terminal, the voltage at the first terminal of the second capacitor C2 when it is fully charged is (or close to) (V1-V2). That is to say, regardless of whether the reference terminal is the reference ground terminal or the power supply terminal, the voltage at the output terminal of the voltage generation module 12 that realizes the negative voltage generation is (or close to) (V1-V2).

[0071] Furthermore, it should be noted that since the second input voltage will continuously alternate between 0 and V2, the first diode D1 and / or the second diode D2 will continuously conduct and reverse cut off respectively, meaning that the first capacitor C1 will continuously charge and discharge. When the output of the voltage generation module 12 supplies a negative voltage to an external load, the second capacitor C2 will also continue to be reverse charged, thereby enabling the voltage generation module 12 to stably provide a target voltage of (V1-V2) or close to (V1-V2).

[0072] The above embodiments demonstrate how a negative voltage can be obtained by constructing a voltage generation module using simple electronic components (such as diodes and capacitors). Compared to traditional voltage converters, this significantly reduces manufacturing costs and bill of materials costs while saving PCB footprint.

[0073] In some embodiments, the second capacitor C2 can be an electrolytic capacitor. It should be noted that if the second terminal of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the power supply terminal, a capacitor with a relatively low voltage rating can be selected as the second capacitor C2, which can further reduce costs.

[0074] In some embodiments, when the input voltage of the conversion module 11 is greater than the output voltage, the first input terminal of the voltage generation module 12 is connected to the output terminal of the conversion module 11, or the first input terminal of the voltage generation module 12 is connected to an external power supply. For ease of description, when the input voltage of the conversion module 11 is greater than the output voltage, the conversion module 11 can be referred to as the first conversion module 11-1.

[0075] It should be noted that when the first input terminal of the voltage generation module 12 is connected to an external power supply, and the voltage output by the voltage generation module 12 is greater than the first input voltage and also greater than the second input voltage, the first input voltage received by the first input terminal of the voltage generation module 12 can be any positive voltage. It can be understood that this arbitrary positive voltage is actually limited by the voltage withstand capability of the components (such as diodes, capacitors, etc.).

[0076] When the first input terminal of the voltage generation module 12 is connected to an external power supply and the voltage output by the voltage generation module 12 is negative, the first input voltage received by the first input terminal of the voltage generation module 12 is less than the input voltage of the conversion module 11-1. In other words, the first input voltage provided by the external power supply can be a positive voltage less than the input voltage of the conversion module 11-1, a 0V voltage, or any negative voltage. Similarly, it can be understood that this arbitrary negative voltage is actually limited by the voltage withstand capability of the components (such as diodes, capacitors, etc.).

[0077] In this way, by using the first input voltage received at the first input terminal and the switching voltage received at the second input terminal, the periodic conduction and reverse cutoff of the first diode D1 and / or the second diode D2 can be achieved, and the capacitor can be driven to charge and discharge, thereby obtaining any desired target voltage.

[0078] The first conversion module 11-1 described above can be implemented, for example, using a Buck circuit or an LDO. The voltage generation module 12 may include a voltage generation module that implements a boost function, and / or a voltage generation module that implements negative voltage generation. For example, the voltage generation module 12 may include a first voltage generation module 12-1, a second voltage generation module 12-2, a third voltage generation module 12-3, and a fourth voltage generation module 12-4. For example, refer to... Figure 4 , Figure 4 The Boot-strap node in the diagram is the switch 1101 ( Figure 4 The periodic jump node is shown as Q1-1.

[0079] like Figure 4 As shown, the first input terminal of the first voltage generation module 12-1 is connected to the first external power supply. The first input terminal of the second voltage generation module 12-2 is connected to the output terminal of the first conversion module 11-1. The first input terminal of the third voltage generation module 12-3 is connected to the output terminal of the first conversion module 11-1. The first input terminal of the fourth voltage generation module 12-4 is connected to the second external power supply. It can be understood that the first and second external power supplies can be the same or different power supplies, and the voltages they supply can be the same or different, depending on the target output voltage required in the actual application. This embodiment does not limit this.

[0080] In some embodiments, when the target voltage output by the voltage generation module is greater than the first input voltage and greater than the second input voltage, the target voltage is determined based on the sum of the input voltage of the conversion module and the first input voltage of the voltage generation module; when the target voltage output by the voltage generation module is a negative voltage, the target voltage is determined based on the difference between the first input voltage of the voltage generation module and the input voltage of the conversion module.

[0081] When the target voltage output by the voltage generation module is greater than the first input voltage and greater than the second input voltage, the target voltage (ideally) can be the sum of the input voltage of the conversion module and the first input voltage of the voltage generation module, or (non-ideally) close to the sum of the input voltage of the conversion module and the first input voltage of the voltage generation module.

[0082] When the target voltage output by the voltage generation module is a negative voltage, the target voltage (ideally) is the difference between the first input voltage of the voltage generation module and the input voltage of the conversion module, or (non-ideally) it is close to the difference between the first input voltage of the voltage generation module and the input voltage of the conversion module.

[0083] Here, "close to" means that the deviation between the "target voltage" and the aforementioned "sum / difference between the first input voltage of the voltage generation module and the input voltage of the conversion module" is within a predetermined range.

[0084] It should be noted that the sum / difference between the first input voltage of the voltage generation module and the input voltage of the conversion module is the design objective of this embodiment. Since the components used in actual applications are not ideal, the actual target voltage obtained will be close to the sum / difference between the first input voltage of the voltage generation module and the input voltage of the conversion module.

[0085] Specifically, when the target voltage output by the voltage generation module is greater than the first input voltage and also greater than the second input voltage, the voltage generation module can be: Figure 4 The first voltage generation module 12-1 or the second voltage generation module 12-2 in the configuration. When the target voltage output by the voltage generation module is a negative voltage, the voltage generation module can specifically be... Figure 4 The third voltage generation module 12-3 or the fourth voltage generation module 12-4 in the middle.

[0086] The working logic of the first voltage generation module 12-1, the second voltage generation module 12-2, the third voltage generation module 12-3, and the fourth voltage generation module 12-4 will be explained in detail below.

[0087] For the first voltage generation module 12-1:

[0088] The first input terminal of the first voltage generation module 12-1 is connected to the first external power supply, and the first input voltage it receives is V_ext10 (which can be any positive voltage). The second input terminal of the first voltage generation module 12-1 is connected to the periodic switching node (boot-strap node) of the switching transistor Q1-1. When the switching transistor Q1-1 is off, the second input voltage is (or close to) GND (i.e., 0V). At this time, the first diode D1 is turned on, and the second diode D2 is reverse-biased and cut off. The first input voltage V_ext10 charges the first capacitor C1 through the first diode D1, and the voltage on the first capacitor C1 after it is fully charged is (or close to) V_ext10. When the switching transistor Q1-1 is turned on, the second input voltage is (or close to) the input voltage V_in of the first conversion module 11-1. At this time, the first diode D1 is reverse-biased and cut off, and the second diode D2 is turned on. The first capacitor C1 begins to discharge, and the voltage on the first capacitor C1 is superimposed with the second input voltage V_in, and the second capacitor C2 is charged through the second diode D2. When the second capacitor C2 is fully charged, the voltage at the output terminal of the first voltage generation module 12-1 is (or close to) (V_in + V_ext10).

[0089] Regarding the second voltage generation module 12-2:

[0090] The first input terminal of the second voltage generation module 12-2 is connected to the output terminal of the first conversion module 11-1, and the first input voltage it receives is V_out. The second input terminal of the second voltage generation module 12-2 is connected to the periodic switching node (boot-strap node) of the switching transistor Q1-1. When the switching transistor Q1-1 is off, the second input voltage is (or close to) GND (i.e., 0V). At this time, the first diode D1 is turned on, and the second diode D2 is reverse-biased and cut off. The first input voltage V_out charges the first capacitor C1 through the first diode D1, and the voltage on the first capacitor C1 after it is fully charged is (or close to) V_out. When the switching transistor Q1-1 is turned on, the second input voltage is (or close to) the input voltage V_in of the first conversion module 11-1. At this time, the first diode D1 is reverse-biased and cut off, and the second diode D2 is turned on. The first capacitor C1 begins to discharge, and the voltage on the first capacitor C1 is superimposed with the second input voltage V_in, and the second capacitor C2 is charged through the second diode D2. When the second capacitor C2 is fully charged, the voltage at the output terminal of the second voltage generation module 12-2 is (or close to) (V_in + V_out).

[0091] Regarding the third voltage generation module 12-3:

[0092] The first input terminal of the third voltage generation module 12-3 is connected to the output terminal of the first conversion module 11-1, and the first input voltage it receives is V_out. The second input terminal of the third voltage generation module 12-3 is connected to the periodic switching node (boot-strap node) of the switching transistor Q1-1. When the switching transistor Q1-1 is turned on, the second input voltage is (or close to) the input voltage V_in of the first conversion module 11-1. At this time, the first diode D1 is turned on, and the second diode D2 is reverse-biased and cut off. The second input voltage V_in charges the first capacitor C1 through the first diode D1. Since the voltage at the first terminal of the first diode D1 is V_out, the voltage on the first capacitor C1 after it is fully charged is (or close to) (V_in-V_out). When the switching transistor Q1-1 is turned off, the second input voltage is (or close to) GND (i.e., 0V). The first diode D1 is reverse-biased and cut off, and the second diode D2 is turned on. The first capacitor C1 begins to discharge. At this time, the voltage on the first capacitor C1 charges the second capacitor C2 in reverse through the second diode D2. When the second capacitor C2 is charged in reverse, the voltage at the output terminal of the third voltage generation module 12-3 is (or close to) (V_out-V_in).

[0093] For the fourth voltage generation module 12-4:

[0094] The first input terminal of the fourth voltage generation module 12-4 is connected to the second external power supply, and the first input voltage it receives is V_ext20 (which can be a positive voltage less than the input voltage V_in of the first conversion module 11-1, a 0V voltage, or an arbitrary negative voltage). The second input terminal of the fourth voltage generation module 12-4 is connected to the periodic switching node (boot-strap node) of the switching transistor Q1-1. When the first switching transistor Q1-1 is turned on, the second input voltage is (or close to) the input voltage V_in of the first conversion module 11-1. At this time, the first diode D1 is turned on, and the second diode D2 is reverse-biased and cut off. The second input voltage V_in charges the first capacitor C1 through the first diode D1. Since the voltage at the first terminal of the first diode D1 is V_ext20, the voltage on the first capacitor C1 after it is fully charged is close to (V_in - V_ext20). When switch Q1-1 is turned off, the second input voltage is (or close to) GND (i.e., 0V). The first diode D1 is reverse-biased and cut off, while the second diode D2 is turned on. The first capacitor C1 begins to discharge. At this time, the voltage on the first capacitor C1 charges the second capacitor C2 in reverse through the second diode D2. When the second capacitor C2 is fully charged in reverse, the voltage at the output of the fourth voltage generation module 12-4 is (or close to) (V_ext20-V_in).

[0095] In some embodiments, the first input terminal of the fourth voltage generation module 12-4 can be directly grounded, that is, the first input voltage is 0V. In this case, the target voltage output by the fourth voltage generation module 12-4 is -V_in.

[0096] It should be noted that, in practical applications, the voltage conversion circuit 10 can be designed with any number of first voltage generation modules, any number of second voltage generation modules, any number of third voltage generation modules, and any number of fourth voltage generation modules as needed. The voltages provided by the first external power supply and the second external power supply can be any suitable voltages, and they can be set according to actual needs.

[0097] In the above embodiments, when the input voltage of the conversion module is greater than the output voltage, the voltage generation module can be connected to the output terminal of the conversion module by designing the first input terminal to be connected to the output terminal of the conversion module, or the voltage generation module can be connected to an external power supply to achieve the function of boosting voltage or generating negative voltage.

[0098] In some embodiments, when the input voltage of the conversion module 11 is less than the output voltage, the first input terminal of the voltage generation module 12 is connected to the input terminal of the conversion module 11, or the first input terminal of the voltage generation module 12 is connected to an external power supply. For ease of description, when the input voltage of the conversion module 11 is less than the output voltage, the conversion module 11 can be referred to as the second conversion module 11-2.

[0099] It should be noted that when the first input terminal of the voltage generation module 12 is connected to an external power supply, and the voltage output by the voltage generation module 12 is greater than the first input voltage and also greater than the second input voltage, the first input voltage received by the first input terminal of the voltage generation module 12 can be any positive voltage. It can be understood that this arbitrary positive voltage is actually limited by the voltage withstand capability of the components (such as diodes, capacitors, etc.).

[0100] When the first input terminal of the voltage generation module 12 is connected to an external power supply and the output voltage of the voltage generation module 12 is negative, the first input voltage received at the first input terminal of the voltage generation module 12 is less than the output voltage of the conversion module 11-2. In other words, the first input voltage provided by the external power supply can be a positive voltage less than the output voltage of the conversion module 11-2, a 0V voltage, or any negative voltage. Similarly, it can be understood that this arbitrary negative voltage is actually limited by the voltage withstand capability of the components (such as diodes, capacitors, etc.).

[0101] In this way, by using the first input voltage received at the first input terminal and the switching voltage received at the second input terminal, the periodic conduction and reverse cutoff of the first diode D1 and / or the second diode D2 can be achieved, and the capacitor can be driven to charge and discharge, thereby obtaining any desired target voltage.

[0102] The second conversion module 11-2 described above can be implemented, for example, by a Boost circuit or other circuits. As previously mentioned, the voltage generation module 12 may include a voltage generation module that implements a boost function, and / or a voltage generation module that implements negative voltage generation. Continuing with the previous example, for instance, the voltage generation module 12 may include a first voltage generation module 12-1, a second voltage generation module 12-2, a third voltage generation module 12-3, and a fourth voltage generation module 12-4. For example, refer to... Figure 5 , Figure 5 The Boot-strap node in the diagram is the switch 1101 ( Figure 5 The periodic jump nodes are shown as Q1-2.

[0103] like Figure 5 As shown, the first input terminal of the first voltage generation module 12-1 is connected to the first external power supply. The first input terminal of the second voltage generation module 12-2 is connected to the input terminal of the second conversion module 11-2. The first input terminal of the third voltage generation module 12-3 is connected to the input terminal of the second conversion module 11-2. The first input terminal of the fourth voltage generation module 12-4 is connected to the second external power supply. It can be understood that the first and second external power supplies can be the same or different power supplies, and the voltages they supply can be the same or different, depending on the target output voltage required in the actual application. This embodiment does not limit this.

[0104] In some embodiments, when the target voltage output by the voltage generation module is greater than the first input voltage and greater than the second input voltage, the target voltage is determined based on the sum of the output voltage of the conversion module and the first input voltage of the voltage generation module; when the target voltage output by the voltage generation module is a negative voltage, the target voltage is determined based on the difference between the first input voltage of the voltage generation module and the output voltage of the conversion module.

[0105] When the target voltage output by the voltage generation module is greater than the first input voltage and greater than the second input voltage, the target voltage (ideally) can be the sum of the output voltage of the conversion module and the first input voltage of the voltage generation module, or (non-ideally) close to the sum of the output voltage of the conversion module and the first input voltage of the voltage generation module.

[0106] When the target voltage output by the voltage generation module is a negative voltage, the target voltage (ideally) is the difference between the first input voltage of the voltage generation module and the output voltage of the conversion module, or (non-ideally) is close to the difference between the first input voltage of the voltage generation module and the output voltage of the conversion module.

[0107] Here, "close to" means that the deviation between the "target voltage" and the "sum / difference between the first input voltage of the voltage generation module and the output voltage of the conversion module" mentioned above is within a predetermined range.

[0108] It should be noted that the sum / difference between the first input voltage of the voltage generation module and the output voltage of the conversion module is the design objective of this embodiment. Since the components used in actual applications are not ideal, the actual target voltage obtained will be close to the sum / difference between the first input voltage of the voltage generation module and the output voltage of the conversion module.

[0109] Specifically, when the target voltage output by the voltage generation module is greater than the first input voltage and also greater than the second input voltage, the voltage generation module can be: Figure 5 The first voltage generation module 12-1 or the second voltage generation module 12-2 in the configuration. When the target voltage output by the voltage generation module is a negative voltage, the voltage generation module can specifically be... Figure 5 The third voltage generation module 12-3 or the fourth voltage generation module 12-4 in the middle.

[0110] The working logic of the first voltage generation module 12-1, the second voltage generation module 12-2, the third voltage generation module 12-3, and the fourth voltage generation module 12-4 will be explained in detail below.

[0111] For the first voltage generation module 12-1:

[0112] The first input terminal of the first voltage generation module 12-1 is connected to the first external power supply, and the first input voltage it receives is V_ext10 (which can be any positive voltage). The second input terminal of the first voltage generation module 12-1 is connected to the periodic switching node (boot-strap node) of the switching transistor Q1-2. When the switching transistor Q1-2 is turned on, the second input voltage is (or close to) GND (i.e., 0V). At this time, the first diode D1 is turned on, and the second diode D2 is reverse-biased and cut off. The first input voltage V_ext10 charges the first capacitor C1 through the first diode D1, and the voltage on the first capacitor C1 after it is fully charged is (or close to) V_ext10. When the switching transistor Q1-2 is turned off, the second input voltage is (or close to) the output voltage V_out of the second conversion module 11-2. At this time, the first diode D1 is reverse-biased and cut off, and the second diode D2 is turned on. The first capacitor C1 begins to discharge, and the voltage on the first capacitor C1 is superimposed with the second input voltage V_out, and the second capacitor C2 is charged through the second diode D2. When the second capacitor C2 is fully charged, the voltage at the output terminal of the first voltage generation module 12-1 is (or close to) (V_out + V_ext10).

[0113] Regarding the second voltage generation module 12-2:

[0114] The first input terminal of the second voltage generation module 12-2 is connected to the input terminal of the second conversion module 11-2, and the first input voltage it receives is V_in. The second input terminal of the second voltage generation module 12-2 is connected to the periodic switching node (boot-strap node) of the switching transistor Q1-2. When the switching transistor Q1-2 is turned on, the second input voltage is (or close to) GND (i.e., 0V). At this time, the first diode D1 is turned on, and the second diode D2 is reverse-biased and cut off. The first input voltage V_in charges the first capacitor C1 through the first diode D1, and the voltage on the first capacitor C1 after it is fully charged is (or close to) V_in. When the switching transistor Q1-2 is turned off, the second input voltage is (or close to) the output voltage V_out of the second conversion module 11-2. At this time, the first diode D1 is reverse-biased and cut off, and the second diode D2 is turned on. The first capacitor C1 begins to discharge, and the voltage on the first capacitor C1 is superimposed with the second input voltage V_out, and the second capacitor C2 is charged through the second diode D2. When the second capacitor C2 is fully charged, the voltage at the output terminal of the second voltage generation module 12-2 is (or close to) (V_in + V_out).

[0115] Regarding the third voltage generation module 12-3:

[0116] The first input terminal of the third voltage generation module 12-3 is connected to the input terminal of the second conversion module 11-2, and the first input voltage it receives is V_in. The second input terminal of the third voltage generation module 12-3 is connected to the periodic switching node (boot-strap node) of the switching transistor Q1-2. When the switching transistor Q1-2 is off, the second input voltage is (or close to) the input voltage V_out of the second conversion module 11-2. At this time, the first diode D1 is turned on, and the second diode D2 is reverse-biased and cut off. The second input voltage V_out charges the first capacitor C1 through the first diode D1. Since the voltage at the first terminal of the first diode D1 is V_in, the voltage on the first capacitor C1 after it is fully charged is (or close to) (V_out - V_in). When the switching transistor Q1-2 is turned on, the second input voltage is (or close to) GND (i.e., 0V). The first diode D1 is reverse-biased and cut off, and the second diode D2 is turned on. The first capacitor C1 begins to discharge. At this time, the voltage on the first capacitor C1 charges the second capacitor C2 in reverse through the second diode D2. When the second capacitor C2 is reverse-charged, the voltage at the output of the third voltage generation module 12-3 is (or close to) (V_in – V-out).

[0117] For the fourth voltage generation module 12-4:

[0118] The first input terminal of the fourth voltage generation module 12-4 is connected to the second external power supply, and the first input voltage it receives is V_ext20 (which can be a positive voltage less than the output voltage V_out of the first conversion module 11-1, a 0V voltage, or an arbitrary negative voltage). The second input terminal of the fourth voltage generation module 12-4 is connected to the periodic switching node (boot-strap node) of the switching transistor Q1-2. When the switching transistor Q1-2 is turned off, the second input voltage is (or close to) the output voltage V_out of the second conversion module 11-2. At this time, the first diode D1 is turned on, and the second diode D2 is reverse-biased and cut off. The second input voltage V_out charges the first capacitor C1 through the first diode D1. Since the voltage at the first terminal of the first diode D1 is V_ext20, the voltage on the first capacitor C1 after it is fully charged is close to (V_out - V_ext20). When switch Q1-2 is turned on, the second input voltage is (or close to) GND (i.e., 0V). The first diode D1 is reverse-biased and cut off, while the second diode D2 is turned on. The first capacitor C1 begins to discharge. At this time, the voltage on the first capacitor C1 charges the second capacitor C2 in reverse through the second diode D2. When the second capacitor C2 is fully charged in reverse, the voltage at the output of the fourth voltage generation module 12-4 is (or close to) (V_ext20 –V_out).

[0119] In some embodiments, the first input terminal of the fourth voltage generation module 12-4 can be directly grounded, that is, the first input voltage is 0V. In this case, the target voltage output by the fourth voltage generation module 12-4 is -V_out.

[0120] It should be noted that, in practical applications, the voltage conversion circuit 10 can be designed with any number of first voltage generation modules, any number of second voltage generation modules, any number of third voltage generation modules, and any number of fourth voltage generation modules as needed. The voltages provided by the first external power supply and the second external power supply can be any suitable voltages, and they can be set according to actual needs.

[0121] In the above embodiments, when the input voltage of the conversion module is less than the output voltage, the voltage generation module can be connected to the input terminal of the conversion module by designing the first input terminal to be connected to the input terminal of the conversion module, or the voltage generation module can be connected to an external power supply to achieve the function of boosting voltage or generating negative voltage.

[0122] The voltage conversion circuit provided in this application requires a conversion module (such as a first conversion module or a second conversion module), while the aforementioned first voltage generation module, second voltage generation module, third voltage generation module, and fourth voltage generation module can be used as needed, such as selecting only one or two of them. The number of selected voltage generation modules can be one or more, thereby realizing the acquisition of multiple voltages.

[0123] Furthermore, refer to Figure 6 This application also provides a power supply device 100, which includes: a voltage regulator 20, a clamping module 30, and a voltage conversion circuit 10 as described in any of the foregoing embodiments.

[0124] The first terminal of the voltage regulating transistor 20 is used to receive the supplied voltage, and the second terminal of the voltage regulating transistor 20 is used as the output terminal of the power supply device 100. The first terminal of the clamping module 30 is connected to the output terminal of one of the voltage generation modules 12 in the voltage conversion circuit 10, and is used to receive the target voltage. The second terminal of the clamping module 30 is connected to the control terminal of the voltage regulating transistor 20. The clamping module 30 is used to generate a clamping voltage according to the received target voltage, and outputs the clamping voltage through its second terminal. The clamping voltage is used to control the voltage regulating transistor 20 to conduct, so as to limit the voltage at the output terminal of the power supply device 100.

[0125] The supply voltage can be provided by the main power supply or by a backup power supply (such as a backup battery). Under normal circumstances, the supply voltage is generally provided by the main power supply, but in the event of a main power supply failure, it can be provided by the backup power supply. Typically, the backup power supply voltage (i.e., the voltage provided by the backup power supply, such as the voltage provided by the backup battery) is greater than the main power supply voltage. Furthermore, the backup power supply voltage may be greater than a predetermined voltage, which can be the maximum voltage tolerance of certain devices in the control system. For example, the main power supply voltage is +24V, and the backup power supply voltage is +30V. However, for certain devices in the control system (such as sensors), their maximum voltage tolerance may be +26V, which is less than the backup power supply voltage. Normally, when the main power supply is providing power, the supply voltage it provides will be less than the maximum voltage tolerance of the control system's devices (i.e., the predetermined voltage mentioned above), enough to drive the devices without damaging them. However, in the event of a main power supply failure and the backup power supply being used, if power is supplied directly through the backup power supply, because the backup battery voltage is greater than the predetermined voltage, there is a risk of burning out devices (such as sensors).

[0126] The power supply device 100 provided in this application can effectively solve / avoid the above-mentioned problems.

[0127] In this embodiment, the target voltage can be obtained using the voltage conversion circuit 10 provided in the aforementioned embodiment. This target voltage must be greater than the clamping voltage so that the clamping module 30 can be controlled to generate a clamping voltage based on the target voltage. The clamping voltage must be less than the sum of a predetermined voltage and the threshold voltage of the voltage regulating transistor 20, so that the voltage output from the second terminal of the voltage regulating transistor 20 is less than the predetermined voltage. After determining the magnitude of the clamping voltage, a suitable type of Zener diode can be selected to generate the clamping voltage.

[0128] In some embodiments, the voltage regulator 20 may be a field-effect transistor, such as an N-channel MOSFET (N-MOS). In other embodiments, the voltage regulator 20 may also be a bipolar transistor, an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT), or other semiconductor devices capable of voltage regulation. This embodiment does not limit the specific embodiment.

[0129] like Figure 7As shown, in some embodiments, the clamping module 30 includes a third resistor R3 and a Zener diode D3. The first terminal of the third resistor R3 serves as the first terminal of the clamping module 30; the cathode of the Zener diode D3 is connected to the second terminal of the third resistor R3, and the connection node serves as the second terminal of the clamping module 30; the anode of the Zener diode D3 is grounded. The third resistor R3 is used for current limiting. Optionally, a suitable Zener diode can be pre-selected so that the clamping module 30 can output the required clamping voltage.

[0130] The following explanation uses an N-MOS transistor as an example to illustrate the working principle of the power supply device 100, assuming that the supply voltages are the main power supply voltage and the backup power supply voltage.

[0131] In this circuit, the drain of the N-MOS transistor is the first terminal of the voltage regulator 20, the source of the N-MOS transistor is the second terminal of the voltage regulator 20, and the gate of the N-MOS transistor is the control terminal of the voltage regulator 20.

[0132] Based on the characteristics of N-MOS transistors, when an N-MOS transistor is in the ON state, the voltage difference between its gate and source is at least equal to the threshold voltage (Vgs, threshold voltage, for example, 1.5V). In other words, the source voltage of an N-MOS transistor is at most the difference between its gate voltage and its threshold voltage. Furthermore, the source voltage of an N-MOS transistor is typically less than or equal to its drain voltage.

[0133] Therefore, when the drain of the N-MOS transistor receives the main power supply voltage (e.g., +24V), the drain voltage of the N-MOS transistor is the main power supply voltage (e.g., +24V), the gate voltage is the clamping voltage (e.g., +27V), and the source voltage is equal to the main power supply voltage (e.g., +24V). This satisfies the condition that Vgs (e.g., Vgs = 27V - 24V = 3V) is greater than the Vgs threshold voltage. The voltage output from the output terminal of the power supply device 100 is the main power supply voltage (e.g., +24V).

[0134] When the drain of an N-MOS transistor receives a backup power supply voltage (e.g., +30V), the drain voltage is the backup power supply voltage (e.g., +30V), the gate voltage is the clamping voltage (e.g., +27V), and the source voltage is at most the difference between the gate voltage and the threshold voltage of the N-MOS transistor (e.g., 27V - 1.5V = 25.5V). The voltage output from the power supply device 100 is the difference between the gate voltage and the threshold voltage of the N-MOS transistor (e.g., +25.5V). This voltage is less than the maximum voltage tolerance of these devices (e.g., +26V), so these devices will not be at risk of burning out.

[0135] It is understood that the N-MOS transistor in the above embodiments is merely an example of the voltage regulation transistor 20, and is not intended to limit the voltage regulation transistor 20. Other semiconductor devices can be used in other implementations to achieve the same voltage control function, and this application embodiment does not limit this.

[0136] The aforementioned power supply device limits the output voltage of the power supply device through a voltage regulating tube, so that when the supply voltage changes or fluctuates, the output voltage of the power supply device can be controlled to always be less than or equal to a predetermined voltage. When the predetermined voltage is a certain limiting voltage, the power supply device can provide a voltage within a safe range.

[0137] In some embodiments, the first end of the voltage regulating tube 20 may be connected to the first power supply terminal to receive the supplied voltage; the input terminal of the conversion module 11 of the voltage conversion circuit 10 may be connected to the second power supply terminal to receive the input voltage. The first power supply terminal and the second power supply terminal may be powered by different power sources.

[0138] In other embodiments, to simplify the structure of the power supply device 100 and save costs, the output terminal of the power supply device 100 can be connected to the input terminal of the conversion module 11 of the voltage conversion circuit 10. The power supply device 100 provides the input voltage to the conversion module 11. The entire power supply device 100 only needs one power supply terminal to achieve self-starting and continuous operation.

[0139] In this case, please continue to refer to Figure 7 The power supply device 100 may further include: a second resistor R2 and a fourth capacitor C4. The first end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the first end of the voltage regulating transistor 20, and the second end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the control end of the voltage regulating transistor 20; the first end of the fourth capacitor C4 is connected to the control end of the voltage regulating transistor 20, and the second end of the fourth capacitor C4 is grounded.

[0140] The following will refer to Figure 7 The self-starting process of the power supply device 100 will be explained in detail. Figure 7 This is a schematic circuit diagram of a power supply device 100 according to an embodiment of this application. The power supply device 100 can be used to supply power to sliding doors (such as motors, sensors, door locks, etc. in the sliding door).

[0141] like Figure 7 The first part is shown on the left. This first part includes a voltage regulator 20 (also referred to as voltage regulator Q2), a clamping module 30, a second resistor R2, and a fourth capacitor C4. Figure 7As shown in the first part, the first terminal of the voltage regulator 20 is used to receive the supply voltage (e.g., +24V), and the second terminal of the voltage regulator 20 serves as the output terminal of the power supply device 100. The first terminal of the second resistor R2 is connected to the first terminal of the voltage regulator 20. The clamping module 30 includes a third resistor R3 and a Zener diode D3. The first terminal of the third resistor R3 is connected to the output terminal of one of the voltage generation modules of the voltage conversion circuit 10, and is used to receive the voltage output by the voltage generation module (e.g., +24V_BOOST). The second terminal of the third resistor R3 is connected to the second terminal of the second resistor R2, the cathode of the Zener diode D3, the first terminal of the fourth capacitor C4, and the control terminal of the voltage regulator 20, and the connection node serves as the second terminal of the clamping module 30, used to output the clamping voltage. The anode of the Zener diode D3 is connected to the second terminal of the fourth capacitor C4 and grounded.

[0142] When power is initially supplied, the main power supply provides the voltage. At this time, the voltage conversion circuit 10 has not yet started operating, and the voltage at the control terminal of the voltage regulator 20 is zero. The supply voltage provided by the main power supply (e.g., +24V) charges the fourth capacitor C4 through the second resistor R2. When the fourth capacitor C4 is fully charged, the voltage at the control terminal (e.g., the gate) of the voltage regulator 20 is (close to) this supply voltage (e.g., +24V). Since the voltage difference Vgs between the control terminal (e.g., the gate) and the second terminal (e.g., the source) of the voltage regulator 20 is much greater than the device's threshold voltage (Vgs threshold voltage, e.g., 1.5V), the voltage regulator 20 quickly turns on. After the voltage regulator 20 turns on, current flows from the first terminal (e.g., the drain) to the second terminal (e.g., the source) of the voltage regulator 20, and the voltage at the second terminal (e.g., the source) begins to gradually rise. When the voltage regulator 20 is turned on, the voltage difference between the control terminal (e.g., gate) and the second terminal (e.g., source) of the voltage regulator 20 is at least the threshold voltage of the device. Therefore, the voltage at the second terminal (e.g., source) of the voltage regulator 20 is at most the result of the control terminal (e.g., gate) voltage minus the threshold voltage, for example, 24V - 1.5V = 22.5V. This voltage is the output voltage of the power supply device 100. The voltage output from the power supply device 100 can be supplied to the voltage conversion circuit 10, causing the voltage conversion circuit 10 to start operating. After several cycles, the output of one of the voltage generation modules of the voltage conversion circuit 10 can output the required target voltage (e.g., +24V_BOOST, exemplarily, for example, 36V). The control terminal (e.g., gate) voltage of the voltage regulator 20 can then be stabilized at the clamping voltage (e.g., 27V).

[0143] In the above embodiments, the power supply device 100 can be self-started by designing a second resistor R2 and a fourth capacitor C4.

[0144] In some embodiments, the power supply device 100 further includes: a power module, which, when connected to the output terminal of another voltage generation module in the voltage conversion circuit 10, is charged by the target voltage output by the other voltage generation module; and when connected to the first terminal of the voltage regulating tube 20, the power module is used to provide the supply voltage.

[0145] Specifically, the power module can be a battery. It should be noted that the charging voltage used to charge the power module needs to be higher than the voltage when the power module is fully charged. To obtain this charging voltage, the voltage conversion circuit 10 described in the previous embodiment can be used for boosting. The voltage boosted by the voltage conversion circuit 10 can then be used to charge the power module. In some scenarios, the power module, after being fully charged, can be used as a backup power source as described in the previous embodiment.

[0146] For example, continue to refer to Figure 7 , Figure 7 The second part is an exemplary circuit structure of the conversion module. It can convert the +24V input voltage to a +5V voltage and output it. Figure 7 The third part is a voltage generation module. Figure 7 The fourth part is also a voltage generation module. The first input terminals of both voltage generation modules are connected to the output terminal of chip U1 (chip U1, for example, can be a low dropout regulator used to implement the step-down function, which can convert the +24V input voltage to a +12V output voltage) to receive the first input voltage (e.g., +12V). The second input terminals of both voltage generation modules are connected to the BOOT node (i.e., the periodic switching node) of chip U2 in the conversion module via capacitor C10 to receive the second input voltage (switching voltage, such as 0V and +24V).

[0147] The third part indicates that the target voltage V_charge_Battery output by the voltage generation module is the sum of (+12V) and (+24V), which is +36V (greater than +30V), and can charge the power module. The fourth part indicates that the target voltage +24V_BOOST output by the voltage generation module is also +36V, which can be output to the clamping module 30 so that the Zener diode D3 in the clamping module 30 breaks down in reverse to obtain a clamping voltage (e.g., +27V).

[0148] Following the previous example, targeting Figure 7The circuit shown underwent relevant testing. When the supply voltage is the main power supply voltage of 24V and no battery is connected for charging, the voltage at V-charge_Battery was measured to be close to 35V. When a fully discharged battery is connected for charging, the voltage drops due to the current limiting resistor (R1 in Part 3) incorporated into the design. However, the battery can eventually be fully charged to its rated voltage of 30V. When the battery is fully charged and used as the supply voltage, the voltage at +24V_BOOST was measured to be close to 40V. At this time, the voltage at the output of power supply unit 100 was measured to be approximately 25.8V, which meets the design requirements.

[0149] The above regarding Figure 7 The examples provided are merely illustrative of the application of the voltage conversion circuit of this application and are not intended to limit it. It is understood that the target voltage output by the voltage conversion circuit provided according to the embodiments of this application can be used for various purposes. For example, as mentioned above, the amplified target voltage can be used to drive an N-MOSFET switch to limit the supply voltage. Alternatively, the amplified target voltage can also be used to charge a backup battery. Furthermore, the target voltage can also be a negative voltage, suitable for scenarios requiring a negative voltage.

[0150] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "some embodiments," "other embodiments," and "ideal embodiments" indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative descriptions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples.

[0151] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0152] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this invention patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A voltage conversion circuit, characterized in that, include: A conversion module, the conversion module including a switching transistor, wherein the input voltage and output voltage of the conversion module are different; At least one voltage generation module, the first input terminal of each voltage generation module is used to receive a first input voltage, and the second input terminal of each voltage generation module is connected to the periodic switching node of the switching transistor to receive a second input voltage, the second input voltage being a switching voltage; Each voltage generation module is used to generate a target voltage at its output terminal based on the first input voltage and the second input voltage; the target voltage is different from the output voltage of the conversion module.

2. The voltage conversion circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The voltage generation module includes: A first diode, wherein a first terminal of the first diode is used to receive the first input voltage; A first capacitor, wherein a first terminal of the first capacitor is connected to a second terminal of the first diode, and a second terminal of the first capacitor is connected to the periodic switching node; The second diode has its first terminal connected to the second terminal of the first diode. The second capacitor has its first end connected to the second end of the second diode, and the connection node serves as the output terminal of the voltage generation module. The second end of the second capacitor is connected to the reference terminal.

3. The voltage conversion circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first end of the first diode and the first end of the second diode are respectively the anodes of the diodes, and the second ends of the first diode and the second diode are respectively the cathodes of the diodes; wherein, the target voltage output by the voltage generation module is greater than the first input voltage and greater than the second input voltage.

4. The voltage conversion circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first end of the first diode and the first end of the second diode are the cathodes of the diodes, and the second end of the first diode and the second end of the second diode are the anodes of the diodes; wherein, the target voltage output by the voltage generation module is a negative voltage.

5. The voltage conversion circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The voltage generation module further includes: A third capacitor, wherein the first terminal of the third capacitor is connected to the first terminal of the first diode, and the second terminal of the third capacitor is grounded.

6. The voltage conversion circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The voltage generation module further includes: A first resistor, wherein a first end of the first resistor is connected to a second end of the first capacitor, and a second end of the first resistor is connected to the periodic switching node; or, a first end of the first resistor is connected to a second end of the first diode, and a second end of the first resistor is connected to a first end of the first capacitor.

7. The voltage conversion circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, When the input voltage of the conversion module is greater than the output voltage, the first input terminal of the voltage generation module is connected to the output terminal of the conversion module, or the first input terminal of the voltage generation module is connected to an external power supply.

8. The voltage conversion circuit according to claim 7, characterized in that, When the first input terminal of the voltage generation module is connected to an external power supply and the voltage output by the voltage generation module is negative, the first input voltage received by the first input terminal of the voltage generation module is less than the input voltage of the conversion module.

9. The voltage conversion circuit according to claim 7, characterized in that, When the target voltage output by the voltage generation module is greater than the first input voltage and greater than the second input voltage, the target voltage is determined based on the sum of the input voltage of the conversion module and the first input voltage of the voltage generation module. When the target voltage output by the voltage generation module is a negative voltage, the target voltage is determined based on the difference between the first input voltage of the voltage generation module and the input voltage of the conversion module.

10. The voltage conversion circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, When the input voltage of the conversion module is less than the output voltage, the first input terminal of the voltage generation module is connected to the input terminal of the conversion module, or the first input terminal of the voltage generation module is connected to an external power supply.

11. The voltage conversion circuit according to claim 10, characterized in that, When the first input terminal of the voltage generation module is connected to an external power supply and the voltage output by the voltage generation module is negative, the first input voltage received by the first input terminal of the voltage generation module is less than the output voltage of the conversion module.

12. The voltage conversion circuit according to claim 10, characterized in that, If the target voltage output by the voltage generation module is greater than the first input voltage and greater than the second input voltage, the target voltage is determined based on the sum of the output voltage of the conversion module and the first input voltage of the voltage generation module. When the target voltage output by the voltage generation module is a negative voltage, the target voltage is determined based on the difference between the first input voltage of the voltage generation module and the output voltage of the conversion module.

13. A power supply device, characterized in that, include: A voltage regulator, wherein the first end of the voltage regulator is used to receive the supplied voltage, and the second end of the voltage regulator is used as the output terminal of the power supply device; The voltage conversion circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 12; A clamping module is provided, wherein a first terminal of the clamping module is connected to the output terminal of one of the voltage generation modules of the voltage conversion circuit for receiving a target voltage, and a second terminal of the clamping module is connected to the control terminal of the voltage regulating transistor; the clamping module is used to generate a clamping voltage based on the received target voltage and output the clamping voltage through its second terminal; the clamping voltage is used to control the voltage regulating transistor to conduct, thereby limiting the voltage at the output terminal of the power supply device.

14. The power supply device according to claim 13, characterized in that, The output terminal of the power supply device is connected to the input terminal of the conversion module in the voltage conversion circuit, and the power supply device further includes: The second resistor has its first end connected to the first end of the voltage regulating transistor, and its second end connected to the control end of the voltage regulating transistor. The fourth capacitor has its first terminal connected to the control terminal of the voltage regulating tube, and its second terminal grounded.

15. The power supply device according to claim 13, characterized in that, The power supply device also includes: When the power module is connected to the output terminal of another voltage generation module in the voltage conversion circuit, the power module is charged by the target voltage output by the other voltage generation module; when the power module is connected to the first terminal of the voltage regulating tube, the power module is used to provide the supply voltage.

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