A burst mode power supply and method of controlling the same
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202611315172.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-08-27
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-27
AI Technical Summary
[0004]本发明的目的在于克服现有技术中所存在的通过检测输出电压实现恒压控制时，在猝发重频脉冲工况下面临的检测困难、检测电路复杂及输出电压稳定性不足的问题，提供一种猝发脉冲电源及其控制方法
1.本发明提供一种猝发脉冲电源，通过设置依次连接的第一电源、储能电容、第二电源、负载电容及脉冲产生模块，并配置控制模块采集储能电容电压来调节第二电源的工作参数，以易于检测的前级储能电容电压替代难以直接处理的快速脉冲电流或脉动电压作为控制依据，规避了复杂脉冲电流或脉动电压检测与信号处理带来的不可靠性，以简洁可靠的控制方式确保猝发脉冲串期间负载电容两端电压的高稳定性。
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Figure CN122993497A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of high-voltage pulse power supply technology, and in particular to a burst pulse power supply and its control method. Background Technology
[0002] In the field of high-voltage pulse power supply technology, systems often need to continuously output a series of high-power electrical pulses (i.e., burst pulse trains) within a very short time. Such loads have extremely stringent requirements for the stability of pulse amplitude, and the stability of the output voltage directly determines the performance and reliability of the entire system.
[0003] In existing technologies, closed-loop constant voltage control strategies are typically employed to improve output voltage stability. However, in burst pulse operation mode, the load current exhibits rapid pulse changes with high frequency and large amplitude, making it difficult to directly detect abnormal output voltage signals. This not only necessitates the use of high-performance voltage sensors but also introduces a series of problems such as complex signal conditioning circuits, high difficulty in designing control algorithms, and susceptibility to interference, which may in turn lead to output fluctuations, making it difficult to achieve the ideal high-stability output. Therefore, a simpler and more reliable control method is urgently needed to solve the technical challenge of insufficient load voltage stability in burst pulse power supplies operating at high frequency. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the problems of detection difficulties, complex detection circuits, and insufficient output voltage stability encountered in the existing technology when achieving constant voltage control by detecting the output voltage under burst repetition frequency pulse conditions, and to provide a burst pulse power supply and its control method.
[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a burst pulse power supply, comprising a first power supply, an energy storage capacitor, a second power supply, a load capacitor, and a pulse generation module connected in sequence, and further comprising a control module connected to the energy storage capacitor, the second power supply, and the load capacitor;
[0006] Before the burst pulse is generated, the first power supply charges the energy storage capacitor, the energy storage capacitor supplies power to the second power supply, and the second power supply charges the load capacitor. During the burst pulse output, the pulse generation module discharges the load capacitor to generate a pulse, the second power supply stabilizes the voltage across the load capacitor, and the control module adjusts the operating parameters of the second power supply according to the voltage of the energy storage capacitor. The second power supply is a high-frequency switching power supply. The control module increases the operating parameters of the high-frequency switching power supply accordingly as the voltage of the energy storage capacitor decreases. The operating parameters of the second power supply include switching frequency or pulse width.
[0007] Preferably, the second power supply main circuit includes at least an inverter circuit, an LC series resonant circuit, a high-frequency transformer, and a rectifier circuit connected in sequence, with the output terminal of the rectifier circuit connected to the load capacitor; the inverter circuit is a full-bridge or half-bridge inverter circuit.
[0008] Furthermore, it includes N parallel second power supplies, where N is an integer greater than 1; the input terminals of the N second power supplies are connected in parallel to the energy storage capacitor, and the output terminals of the N second power supplies are connected in parallel to the load capacitor.
[0009] Furthermore, it includes M parallel combinations, each of which includes an energy storage capacitor and a second power supply, where M is an integer greater than 1; in each combination, the input terminal of one of the second power supplies is connected to one of the energy storage capacitors in the corresponding combination; the output terminals of all the second power supplies are connected in parallel and then connected to the load capacitor.
[0010] Preferably, the pulse generation module includes a step-up transformer and a pulse switch. One end of the pulse switch is connected to one end of the load capacitor. The first input terminal of the step-up transformer is connected to the other end of the pulse switch, and the second input terminal is connected to the other end of the load capacitor. The step-up transformer is used to increase the voltage across the load capacitor to generate a high-voltage pulse output.
[0011] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a control method for a burst pulse power supply, the burst pulse power supply comprising a first power supply, an energy storage capacitor, a second power supply, a load capacitor, and a pulse generation module connected in sequence, and further comprising a control module connected to the energy storage capacitor, the second power supply, and the load capacitor; the control method includes: Before the burst pulse is generated, the first power supply charges the energy storage capacitor to a first voltage threshold, the energy storage capacitor supplies power to the second power supply, and the second power supply charges the load capacitor to a second voltage threshold. During the burst pulse output, at least one pulse cycle is executed. In each pulse cycle: the pulse generation module discharges the load capacitor to generate a pulse, causing the voltage of the load capacitor to drop; after the current pulse is turned off, the control module controls the second power supply to draw power from the energy storage capacitor and adjusts the operating parameters of the second power supply according to the voltage of the energy storage capacitor, so that the load capacitor is restored to the second voltage threshold. After the burst pulse output stops, the first power supply charges the energy storage capacitor to a first voltage threshold, completing one working cycle.
[0012] Preferably, the operating parameters of the second power supply include switching frequency or pulse width; the control module adjusts the operating parameters of the second power supply according to the voltage of the energy storage capacitor, specifically: during the voltage drop of the energy storage capacitor, the control module causes the switching frequency or pulse width of the second power supply to increase accordingly as the voltage of the energy storage capacitor decreases.
[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. This invention provides a burst pulse power supply, which consists of a first power supply, an energy storage capacitor, a second power supply, a load capacitor, and a pulse generation module connected in sequence. A control module is configured to collect the voltage of the energy storage capacitor to adjust the operating parameters of the second power supply. The easily detectable voltage of the front-end energy storage capacitor replaces the difficult-to-process fast pulse current or pulsating voltage as the control basis, avoiding the unreliability caused by complex pulse current or pulsating voltage detection and signal processing. A simple and reliable control method ensures high stability of the voltage across the load capacitor during the burst pulse train.
[0014] 2. This invention provides a control method for a burst pulse power supply. By pre-charging the energy storage capacitor and the load capacitor to first and second voltage thresholds respectively, and discharging them in each pulse cycle during the burst pulse output, the operating parameters of the second power supply are adjusted according to the voltage of the energy storage capacitor to restore the load capacitor to the second voltage threshold. After the pulse output ends, the first power supply recharges the energy storage capacitor to form a complete working cycle. Thus, with a simple control logic based on the energy storage capacitor voltage, the voltage recovery of the load capacitor after each pulse cycle is stably maintained, ensuring the consistency of the output voltage during the burst pulse train. Attached Figure Description
[0015] Figure 1 This is a circuit diagram of a burst pulse power supply in one of the embodiments; Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of another specific embodiment of a burst pulse power supply in the examples; Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of another specific embodiment of a burst pulse power supply in the examples; Figure 4 This is an example diagram illustrating the working steps of a burst pulse power supply in the embodiment. Detailed Implementation
[0016] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments. However, this should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention to the following embodiments; all technologies implemented based on the content of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention.
[0017] Unless otherwise specified, the use of terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "center," "inner," and "outer" to indicate orientation or positional relationships in the description of specific embodiments of the present invention is based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product / equipment / device is typically placed during use. These terms are merely for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present invention or simplifying the description in specific embodiments, and for enabling those skilled in the art to quickly understand the solution. They do not indicate or imply that a particular device / component / element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific positional relationship, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
[0018] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," "suspended," "parallel," and "coaxial" does not imply that the corresponding device / component / element must be absolutely horizontal, vertical, suspended, parallel, or coaxial. Slight tilt or deviation is permissible, as long as it does not affect the normal function of the relevant component. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," not that the structure must be perfectly horizontal; a slight tilt is acceptable. "Coaxial" means that two components are arranged as coaxially as possible, allowing them to move coaxially or approximately coaxially when their relative positions change. Alternatively, it can be simplified to mean that the corresponding device / component / element, when arranged in "horizontal," "vertical," "suspended," "parallel," or "coaxial" directions, can have an error / deviation of ±10% relative to the corresponding direction, more preferably within ±8%, more preferably within ±6%, more preferably within ±5%, and more preferably within ±4%. For example, the deviation in the "coaxial" direction is controlled within 0.2-1mm, preferably within 0.2-0.5mm. As long as the corresponding device / component / element is within the error / deviation range, it can still achieve its function in the solution of the present invention.
[0019] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first," "second," and "third" in terminology is merely for distinguishing descriptions of identical or similar components and should not be interpreted as emphasizing or implying the relative importance of a particular component.
[0020] Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "several", "more than", and "a number of" represent at least two. The number can be any number, such as two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, or nine, and can even exceed nine.
[0021] Furthermore, in the description of the technical solution of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified / limited / restricted, the terms "set up," "install," "connect," "link," "provided with," "laid out," and "arranged" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to connection methods commonly used in the art, such as welding, riveting, bolting, and threaded connections. Such connections can be mechanical, electrical, or communication connections; they can be direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components.
[0022] Example This invention provides a burst pulse power supply, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the circuit of the burst pulse power supply includes a first power supply DY1, an energy storage capacitor C1, a second power supply DY2, a load capacitor C2, and a pulse generation module MC1 connected in sequence, and also includes a control module connected to the energy storage capacitor C1, the second power supply DY2, and the load capacitor C2. Before the burst pulse is generated, the first power supply DY1 charges the energy storage capacitor C1, the energy storage capacitor C1 supplies power to the second power supply DY2, and the second power supply DY2 charges the load capacitor C2. During the burst pulse output, the pulse generation module MC1 discharges the load capacitor C2 to generate a pulse, the second power supply DY2 stabilizes the voltage across the load capacitor C2, and the control module adjusts the operating parameters of the second power supply DY2 according to the voltage of the energy storage capacitor C1. The second power supply DY2 is a high-frequency switching power supply. The control module increases the operating parameters of the high-frequency switching power supply according to the decrease in the voltage of the energy storage capacitor C1.
[0023] In one or more embodiments, the second power supply DY2 is a high-frequency switching power supply. A high-frequency switching power supply (also known as a switching rectifier SMR) is a power regulation device that achieves power conversion through MOSFET or IGBT high-frequency switching devices, with a switching frequency typically between 50-100kHz.
[0024] In an optional implementation, the operating parameters of the second power supply DY2 include switching frequency or pulse width.
[0025] In an optional embodiment, the main circuit of the second power supply DY2 includes at least an inverter circuit, an LC series resonant circuit, a high-frequency transformer, and a rectifier circuit connected in sequence, with the output terminal of the rectifier circuit connected to the load capacitor C2; the inverter circuit is a full-bridge or half-bridge inverter circuit.
[0026] like Figure 2As shown, in an optional embodiment, the burst pulse power supply includes N parallel second power supplies DY2, where N is an integer greater than 1; the input terminals of the N second power supplies DY2 are connected in parallel to the energy storage capacitor C1, and the output terminals of the N second power supplies DY2 are connected in parallel to the load capacitor C2.
[0027] like Figure 3 As shown, in an optional embodiment, the burst pulse power supply includes M parallel combinations, each combination including an energy storage capacitor C1 and a second power supply DY2, where M is an integer greater than 1; in each combination, the input terminal of one second power supply DY2 is connected to one energy storage capacitor C1 in the corresponding combination; the output terminals of all second power supplies DY2 are connected in parallel and then connected to the load capacitor C2.
[0028] The switching frequency or pulse width of multiple second power supplies DY2 is uniformly adjusted by a control module; or each second power supply DY2 is connected to an independent control module for independently adjusting the switching frequency or pulse width of the corresponding second power supply DY2. In this case, a main controller is also included, and each control module is connected to the main controller. The main controller collects the output voltage of the load capacitor C2 and controls whether the second power supply outputs and charges the load capacitor C2 according to the output voltage.
[0029] When more energy needs to be output during a burst pulse, multiple energy storage capacitors are connected in parallel because the capacity of a single energy storage capacitor is limited. The same principle applies to power supplies. Since the output capacity of a single power supply is limited, multiple power supply modules need to be connected in parallel to increase the output capacity.
[0030] In one or more embodiments, the pulse generation module MC1 includes a step-up transformer and a pulse switch. One end of the pulse switch is connected to one end of the load capacitor C2. The first input terminal of the step-up transformer is connected to the other end of the pulse switch, and the second input terminal is connected to the other end of the load capacitor C2. The step-up transformer is used to increase the voltage across the load capacitor C2 to generate a high-voltage pulse output.
[0031] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a control method for a burst pulse power supply, wherein the burst pulse power supply includes a first power supply DY1, an energy storage capacitor C1, a second power supply DY2, a load capacitor C2, and a pulse generation module MC1 connected in sequence, and further includes a control module connected to the energy storage capacitor C1, the second power supply DY2, and the load capacitor C2; the control method includes: Before the burst pulse is generated, the first power supply DY1 charges the energy storage capacitor C1 to a first voltage threshold, the energy storage capacitor C1 supplies power to the second power supply DY2, and the second power supply DY2 charges the load capacitor C2 to a second voltage threshold. During the burst pulse output, at least one pulse cycle is executed. In each pulse cycle: the pulse generation module MC1 discharges the load capacitor C2 to generate a pulse, causing the voltage of the load capacitor C2 to drop; after the current pulse is turned off, the control module controls the second power supply DY2 to draw power from the energy storage capacitor C1, and adjusts the operating parameters of the second power supply DY2 according to the voltage of the energy storage capacitor C1, so that the load capacitor C1 is restored to the second voltage threshold. After the burst pulse output stops, the first power supply DY1 charges the energy storage capacitor C1 to the first voltage threshold, completing one working cycle.
[0032] In one or more embodiments, the operating parameters of the second power supply DY2 include switching frequency or pulse width; the control module adjusts the operating parameters of the second power supply DY2 according to the voltage of the energy storage capacitor C1, specifically: during the voltage drop of the energy storage capacitor C1, the control module causes the switching frequency or pulse width of the second power supply DY2 to increase accordingly as the voltage of the energy storage capacitor C1 decreases.
[0033] In an optional embodiment, the control module is configured to: increase the switching frequency of the second power supply DY2 or increase the pulse width of the second power supply DY2 according to the decrease in voltage of the energy storage capacitor C1 during the operation of the pulse generation module MC1.
[0034] In an optional implementation, the control module is configured to cause the switching frequency or pulse width of the second power supply DY2 to increase linearly as the voltage of the energy storage capacitor C1 decreases.
[0035] In an optional implementation, the control module is configured to cause the switching frequency or pulse width of the second power supply DY2 to increase linearly in segments as the voltage of the energy storage capacitor C1 decreases.
[0036] Specifically, the working process of the burst pulse power supply is as follows: before the burst pulse is generated, the first power supply DY1 charges the energy storage capacitor C1 to V11, and the second power supply DY2 charges the load capacitor C2 to V21; when the burst pulse output is required, the pulse generation module MC1 discharges the load capacitor C2 to generate a pulse, and when the discharge pulse ends, the load capacitor C2 discharges to V22; during the pulse off interval, the second power supply DY2 recharges the load capacitor C2 to V21, and the energy of the second power supply DY2 comes from the energy storage capacitor C1. This cycle continues until the burst pulse ends, and the voltage of the energy storage capacitor C1 drops from V11 to V12.
[0037] During the burst pulse, when the voltage of the energy storage capacitor C1 is V11, the switching frequency of the main circuit of the second power supply DY2 is f1 or its pulse width is D1; when the voltage of the energy storage capacitor C1 is V12, the switching frequency of the main circuit of the second power supply DY2 is f2 or its pulse width is D2; where f1 < f2, D1 < D2, and V12 < V11. In an optional implementation, during the burst pulse, as the voltage of the energy storage capacitor C1 decreases from V11 to V12, the switching frequency of the main circuit of the second power supply DY2 increases linearly from f1 to f2, or its pulse width increases linearly from D1 to D2; where f1 < f2, D1 < D2, and V12 < V11. In an optional implementation, during the burst pulse, as the voltage of the energy storage capacitor C1 decreases from V11 to V12, and the switching frequency of the main circuit of the second power supply DY2 increases from f1 to f2 or its pulse width increases from D1 to D2, an intermediate frequency point fn or an intermediate pulse width Dn is provided. The switching frequency of the main circuit of the second power supply DY2 increases linearly from f1 to fn, and then linearly from fn to f2, or the pulse width increases linearly from D1 to Dn, and then linearly from Dn to D2; wherein f1 < fn < f2, D1 < Dn < D2, and V12 < V11; During the interval when the pulse generation module MC1 is turned off, the second power supply DY2 charges the load capacitor C2, and its voltage is charged from V22 to V21. The operating frequency f or pulse width D of the second power supply DY2 remains unchanged. Specifically, with Figure 4 For example, the working steps of the burst pulse power supply are as follows: First, at time t0, the first power supply DY1 starts working to charge the energy storage capacitor C1, and at time t1, the voltage set value V11 of the energy storage capacitor C1 is reached; the second power supply DY2 starts working to prepare to charge the load capacitor C2. In the second step, before time t2, the second power supply DY2 has charged the voltage of the load capacitor C2 to the set voltage V21, and the voltage on it no longer changes; at time t2, the pulse generation module MC1 starts to work, the system outputs a burst pulse, the voltage of the load capacitor C2 begins to drop, the pulse width of the burst pulse is T1, and the period is T2. In the third step, at time t3, the pulse output stops, the voltage on the load capacitor C2 drops to V22, and the second power supply DY2 charges the load capacitor C2; at this time, the voltage on the energy storage capacitor C1 is V11, and the internal inverter circuit of the second power supply DY2 is charging and switching for a period of T11, and its output current is I1, until time t4. In the fourth step, at time t4, the voltage of the load capacitor C2 recovers to V21, and its voltage no longer changes; since the charging capacity of the first power supply DY1 is much smaller than that of the second power supply DY2, the voltage on the energy storage capacitor C1 drops to V1a. Fifth step, at time t5, the pulse generation module MC1 starts working again, the system outputs a burst pulse, the voltage of the load capacitor C2 begins to drop, the pulse width is T1, and the period is T2; In the sixth step, at time t6, the pulse output stops, the voltage on the load capacitor C2 drops to V22, and the second power supply DY2 charges the load capacitor C2 again. At this time, the voltage on the energy storage capacitor C1 is V1a. The internal inverter circuit of the second power supply DY2 is in the charging operation with a switching cycle of T12 and its output current is I1 until time t7, at which time the voltage on the energy storage capacitor C1 is V1b. Step 7: Repeatedly output burst pulses until time t8. This burst macro pulse (pulse train) transmission is completed, and the voltage of energy storage capacitor C1 drops to V12; the macro pulse duration is T4. Step 8: During the interval between macro pulses (pulse trains), the first power supply DY1 charges the energy storage capacitor C1. After charging for approximately T5, it is charged again to V11. The charging time T5 is much longer than the working time T4 of the burst repetition frequency macro pulse. In the ninth step, at time t9, the pulse generation module starts sending burst pulses again, i.e., macro pulses; repeat steps two through eight above. The steps for changing the pulse width are similar to those described above.
[0038] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A burst pulse power supply, characterized in that, It includes a first power supply, an energy storage capacitor, a second power supply, a load capacitor, and a pulse generation module connected in sequence, and also includes a control module connected to the energy storage capacitor, the second power supply, and the load capacitor; Before the burst pulse is generated, the first power supply charges the energy storage capacitor, the energy storage capacitor supplies power to the second power supply, and the second power supply charges the load capacitor. During the burst pulse output, the pulse generation module discharges the load capacitor to generate a pulse, the second power supply stabilizes the voltage across the load capacitor, and the control module adjusts the operating parameters of the second power supply according to the voltage of the energy storage capacitor. The second power supply is a high-frequency switching power supply. The control module increases the operating parameters of the high-frequency switching power supply accordingly as the voltage of the energy storage capacitor decreases. The operating parameters of the second power supply include switching frequency or pulse width.
2. The burst pulse power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second power supply main circuit includes at least an inverter circuit, an LC series resonant circuit, a high-frequency transformer, and a rectifier circuit connected in sequence, with the output terminal of the rectifier circuit connected to the load capacitor; the inverter circuit is a full-bridge or half-bridge inverter circuit.
3. A burst pulse power supply according to claim 2, characterized in that, It includes N second power supplies connected in parallel, where N is an integer greater than 1; the input terminals of the N second power supplies are connected in parallel to the energy storage capacitor, and the output terminals of the N second power supplies are connected in parallel to the load capacitor.
4. A burst pulse power supply according to claim 2, characterized in that, The system includes M parallel combinations, each of which includes an energy storage capacitor and a second power supply, where M is an integer greater than 1; in each combination, the input terminal of one of the second power supplies is connected to one of the energy storage capacitors in the corresponding combination; the output terminals of all the second power supplies are connected in parallel and then connected to the load capacitor.
5. A burst pulse power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pulse generation module includes a step-up transformer and a pulse switch. One end of the pulse switch is connected to one end of the load capacitor. The first input terminal of the step-up transformer is connected to the other end of the pulse switch, and the second input terminal is connected to the other end of the load capacitor. The step-up transformer is used to increase the voltage across the load capacitor to generate a high-voltage pulse output.
6. A control method for a burst pulse power supply, characterized in that, The burst pulse power supply includes a first power supply, an energy storage capacitor, a second power supply, a load capacitor, and a pulse generation module connected in sequence, and further includes a control module connected to the energy storage capacitor, the second power supply, and the load capacitor; the control method includes: Before the burst pulse is generated, the first power supply charges the energy storage capacitor to a first voltage threshold, the energy storage capacitor supplies power to the second power supply, and the second power supply charges the load capacitor to a second voltage threshold. During the burst pulse output, at least one pulse cycle is executed. In each pulse cycle: the pulse generation module discharges the load capacitor to generate a pulse, causing the voltage of the load capacitor to drop; after the current pulse is turned off, the control module controls the second power supply to draw power from the energy storage capacitor and adjusts the operating parameters of the second power supply according to the voltage of the energy storage capacitor, so that the load capacitor is restored to the second voltage threshold. After the burst pulse output stops, the first power supply charges the energy storage capacitor to a first voltage threshold, completing one working cycle.
7. The control method for a burst pulse power supply according to claim 6, characterized in that, The operating parameters of the second power supply include switching frequency or pulse width; the control module adjusts the operating parameters of the second power supply according to the voltage of the energy storage capacitor, specifically: during the voltage drop of the energy storage capacitor, the control module causes the switching frequency or pulse width of the second power supply to increase accordingly as the voltage of the energy storage capacitor decreases.