Current matching system, method, device, computer device, storage medium and program product

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application provide a current matching system, method and device for laminated cell assembly in a photovoltaic power station, computer equipment, storage medium and program product, relating to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation. The method comprises: obtaining front incident spectrum data and back reflection spectrum data of a target laminated cell assembly at a representative position in the photovoltaic power station; calculating a short-circuit current density difference between a top cell and a bottom cell in the target laminated cell assembly according to the front incident spectrum data, the back reflection spectrum data and an external quantum efficiency curve obtained by testing the target laminated cell assembly before leaving the factory; generating a support regulation instruction and sending it to a target adjustable photovoltaic support in the case that the short-circuit current density difference is not within a preset range; and performing the above steps cyclically until the short-circuit current density difference is within the preset range. The present application can improve the power generation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation technology, and in particular to a current matching system, method, apparatus, computer equipment, storage medium and program product. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the photovoltaic industry, tandem solar modules, due to their complementary spectral absorption characteristics, possess higher photoelectric conversion efficiency compared to traditional single-junction solar modules, making them a core technology for improving the quality and efficiency of photovoltaic power plants. Tandem solar modules typically consist of a top cell and a bottom cell connected in series via a transparent interlayer. The top and bottom cells each have advantages in responding to different wavelengths of sunlight, and maximizing their power generation efficiency highly depends on the current matching between the top and bottom cells. Ideally, the short-circuit current density of the top and bottom cells should be consistent. If the difference in current density exceeds a reasonable range, it will cause current mismatch losses, leading to a significant decrease in the actual output power of the module.

[0003] In the actual operation of photovoltaic power plants, some photovoltaic power plants use fixed brackets to install tandem solar modules. The brackets cannot adjust the light-receiving angle of the solar modules according to the changes in the spectrum, making it difficult to cope with the current mismatch problem under dynamic spectrum. Other power plants are equipped with adjustable photovoltaic brackets, but the control logic of the brackets is mostly based on tracking the sun's position. The control strategy lacks specificity and cannot guarantee the power generation efficiency and stability of the tandem solar modules.

[0004] It should be noted that the above content is not necessarily prior art, nor is it intended to limit the scope of patent protection of this application. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a current matching system, method, apparatus, computer equipment, computer-readable storage medium, and computer program product for tandem battery modules in a photovoltaic power plant, to solve or alleviate one or more technical problems in the prior art.

[0006] As one aspect of this application, this application provides a current matching method for tandem solar cell modules in a photovoltaic power station, comprising the following steps: The front incident spectrum and back reflectance spectrum of the target tandem solar cell module located at a representative location in the photovoltaic power station are acquired. The front incident spectrum and back reflectance spectrum are acquired by at least one spectral detection module, which is located at the representative location. Based on the front incident spectrum data, the back reflection spectrum data, and the external quantum efficiency curve obtained from the pre-shipment test of the target tandem battery module, the difference in short-circuit current density between the top cell and the bottom cell in the target tandem battery module is calculated. When the short-circuit current density difference is not within a preset range, a bracket adjustment command is generated and sent to the target adjustable photovoltaic bracket, so that the target adjustable photovoltaic bracket drives the stacked battery module on it to rotate in the horizontal direction according to the bracket adjustment command, and / or drives the target adjustable photovoltaic bracket to tilt in the vertical direction according to the bracket adjustment command, wherein the target adjustable photovoltaic bracket is an adjustable photovoltaic bracket that supports the target stacked battery module; The steps of acquiring spectral data, calculating the short-circuit current density difference, and generating and sending the support control signal are repeated until the short-circuit current density difference is within the preset range.

[0007] Optionally, the method further includes: The last round of sequentially generated bracket adjustment instructions are sent to other adjustable photovoltaic brackets, which are all adjustable photovoltaic brackets other than the target adjustable photovoltaic bracket set in the terrain area represented by the representative location.

[0008] Optionally, calculating the difference in short-circuit current density between the top and bottom cells of the target tandem solar cell module based on the front incident spectrum data, the back reflection spectrum data, and the external quantum efficiency curve obtained from pre-shipment testing of the target tandem solar cell module includes: Based on the front incident spectrum data, the back reflection spectrum data, and the external quantum efficiency curve obtained from the pre-shipment test of the target stacked battery module, the short-circuit current density of the top battery and the bottom battery under the current spectrum is calculated by integration to obtain the first short-circuit current density and the second short-circuit current density, respectively. The difference between the first short-circuit current density and the second short-circuit current density is calculated to obtain the short-circuit current density difference.

[0009] Optionally, generating a support control command and sending it to the target adjustable photovoltaic support when the short-circuit current density difference is not within a preset range includes: When the difference in short-circuit current density is not within a preset range, a bracket control command is generated according to a preset hierarchical control strategy and sent to the target adjustable photovoltaic bracket. The hierarchical control strategy includes at least two control strategies, and the bracket control amplitudes corresponding to different control strategies are different.

[0010] Optionally, when the short-circuit current density difference is not within a preset range, generating a bracket control command according to a preset graded control strategy and sending it to the target adjustable photovoltaic bracket includes: If the short-circuit current density difference is not within the preset range, the short-circuit current density difference is compared with a preset deviation level threshold to determine the deviation level to which the short-circuit current density difference belongs. Based on the deviation level, determine the corresponding graded control strategy; The established hierarchical control strategy generates control instructions for the support structure and sends them to the target adjustable photovoltaic support structure.

[0011] Optionally, the tiered control strategy includes a first tiered control strategy and a second tiered control strategy, wherein: The first graded control strategy is to control the horizontal rotation of the adjustable photovoltaic bracket by a first preset angle and / or control the vertical tilt of the adjustable photovoltaic bracket by a second preset angle. The second graded control strategy is to control the adjustable photovoltaic bracket to rotate horizontally by a third preset angle and / or control the adjustable photovoltaic bracket to tilt vertically by a fourth preset angle, wherein the third preset angle is greater than the first preset angle and the fourth preset angle is greater than the second preset angle.

[0012] Optionally, generating a support control command and sending it to the target adjustable photovoltaic support when the short-circuit current density difference is not within a preset range includes: When the short-circuit current density difference is not within a preset range, a mapping model of spectrum-adjustment command-short-circuit current density difference is obtained, wherein the mapping model is created based on historical spectral data and adjustment records of the adjustable photovoltaic bracket; The mounting control command is generated based on the mapping model and sent to the target adjustable photovoltaic mounting bracket.

[0013] As another aspect of the embodiments of this application, this application also provides a current matching device for a tandem solar cell module in a photovoltaic power station, comprising: The acquisition module is used to acquire the front incident spectrum data and back reflectance spectrum data of the target tandem battery module located at a representative position in the photovoltaic power station. The front incident spectrum data and the back reflectance spectrum data are acquired by at least one spectral detection module, which is located at the representative position. The calculation module is used to calculate the difference in short-circuit current density between the top cell and the bottom cell in the target tandem battery module based on the front incident spectrum data, the back reflection spectrum data, and the external quantum efficiency curve obtained from the pre-shipment test of the target tandem battery module. The generation module is used to generate a support adjustment command and send it to the target adjustable photovoltaic support when the short-circuit current density difference is not within a preset range, so that the target adjustable photovoltaic support drives the stacked battery module on it to rotate in the horizontal direction according to the support adjustment command, and / or drives the target adjustable photovoltaic support to drive the stacked battery module on it to tilt in the vertical direction according to the support adjustment command, wherein the target adjustable photovoltaic support is an adjustable photovoltaic support that supports the target stacked battery module; The loop module is used to repeatedly execute the above steps of acquiring spectral data, calculating the short-circuit current density difference, and generating and sending the support control pointer until the short-circuit current density difference is within the preset range.

[0014] As one aspect of this application, this application provides a current matching system for a tandem solar cell module in a photovoltaic power station, comprising: An adjustable photovoltaic bracket is used to support a tandem solar cell module and to drive the tandem solar cell module to rotate in the horizontal direction and / or drive the tandem solar cell module to tilt in the vertical direction. At least one spectral detection module is set at a representative location in the photovoltaic power station to collect front incident spectral data and back reflectance spectral data of the target tandem battery module located at the representative location in real time or at regular intervals. The control module, which is communicatively connected to the at least one spectral detection module and the adjustable photovoltaic support, is used to calculate the short-circuit current density difference between the top cell and the bottom cell in the target tandem solar module based on the currently collected front incident spectral data, back reflectance spectral data, and the external quantum efficiency curve obtained from the pre-shipment test of the target tandem solar module, and to generate a support adjustment command based on the short-circuit current density difference so that the short-circuit current density difference is maintained within a preset range.

[0015] As another aspect of the embodiments of this application, the embodiments of this application also provide a computer device, the computer device including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the method described above.

[0016] As another aspect of the embodiments of this application, the embodiments of this application also provide a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method described above.

[0017] As another aspect of the embodiments of this application, the embodiments of this application also provide a computer program product, including a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method described above.

[0018] The technical solution provided in this application has the following advantages: By acquiring the front incident spectrum and back reflected spectrum data of the target tandem solar module in real time or at regular intervals using a spectral detection module, and combining this with the external quantum efficiency curve before the module leaves the factory, the short-circuit current density difference between the top and bottom cells can be calculated comprehensively and accurately. This short-circuit current density difference is then compared with a preset range. When the difference is outside the preset range, a bracket control command is generated based on this difference, driving the adjustable photovoltaic bracket to adjust the horizontal rotation angle and / or vertical tilt angle of the module. This changes the light-receiving angle of the module and the incident conditions of the back reflected light, ensuring that the short-circuit current density difference between the top and bottom cells is stably maintained within the preset range. If an adjustment fails to bring the short-circuit current density difference within the preset range, further adjustments are made until the difference is within the preset range. This ensures that the tandem solar module maintains near-current matching between the top and bottom cells throughout the day, reducing current mismatch losses, improving the actual output efficiency and stability of the tandem solar module, and ultimately increasing the power generation efficiency of the power plant. Attached Figure Description

[0019] In the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise specified, the same reference numerals throughout the various drawings denote the same or similar parts or elements. These drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. It should be understood that these drawings depict only some embodiments disclosed in this application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic architecture diagram of a current matching system for a tandem battery module in a photovoltaic power station according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a photovoltaic power station set up on hilly terrain; Figure 3 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating a current matching method for a tandem battery module in a photovoltaic power station according to an embodiment of this application.

[0021] Figure 4 A detailed flowchart of the steps to calculate the difference in short-circuit current density between the top cell and the bottom cell in the target tandem battery module based on the front incident spectrum data, the back reflection spectrum data, and the external quantum efficiency curve obtained from the pre-shipment test of the target tandem battery module. Figure 5 A detailed flowchart of the steps for generating a support control command and sending it to the target adjustable photovoltaic support when the short-circuit current density difference is not within a preset range; Figure 6 This is a program block diagram of one embodiment of the current matching device for the tandem battery module in the photovoltaic power station described in this application; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of relevant test data for all-perovskite tandem solar cells; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a computer device for executing a current matching method for tandem battery modules in a photovoltaic power station, as provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, for clarity, the dimensions of layers, regions, and elements, as well as their relative dimensions, may be exaggerated. Throughout, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other.

[0023] It should be understood that when an element or layer is referred to as "on," "adjacent to," "connected to," or "coupled to" other elements or layers, it may be directly on, adjacent to, connected to, or coupled to other elements or layers, or there may be intervening elements or layers. Conversely, when an element is referred to as "directly on," "directly adjacent to," "directly connected to," or "directly coupled to" other elements or layers, there are no intervening elements or layers. It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc., may be used to describe various elements, components, areas, layers, and / or portions, these elements, components, areas, layers, and / or portions should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element, component, area, layer, or portion from another element, component, area, layer, or portion. Therefore, without departing from the teachings of this application, the first element, component, area, layer, or portion discussed below may be referred to as a second element, component, area, layer, or portion. And the discussion of a second element, component, area, layer, or portion does not imply that the first element, component, area, layer, or portion necessarily exists in this application.

[0024] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0025] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such terms can be used interchangeably where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented, for example, in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0026] In this application, when numerical intervals (i.e., numerical ranges) are involved, unless otherwise specified, the distribution of selectable numerical values ​​within the numerical interval is considered continuous, and includes the two endpoints of the numerical interval (i.e., the minimum and maximum values), as well as every numerical value between these two endpoints. Unless otherwise specified, when a numerical interval refers only to integers within that numerical interval, it includes the two endpoint integers of the numerical range, as well as every integer between the two endpoints, which is equivalent to directly listing every integer. When multiple numerical ranges are provided to describe features or characteristics, these numerical ranges can be merged. In other words, unless otherwise specified, the numerical ranges disclosed in this application should be understood to include any and all subranges included therein. The "numerical value" in the numerical interval can be any quantitative value, such as a number, percentage, ratio, etc. The term "numerical interval" can be broadly included to include percentage intervals, ratio intervals, proportion intervals, etc.

[0027] This application provides a current matching system technical solution for tandem solar modules in a photovoltaic power plant. Based on this, a spectral detection module collects the front incident spectral data and back reflected spectral data of the target tandem solar module in real time or at regular intervals. Combined with the external quantum efficiency curve of the module before it leaves the factory, the short-circuit current density difference between the top and bottom cells can be calculated comprehensively and accurately. The control module generates bracket adjustment commands based on this difference, driving the adjustable photovoltaic bracket to adjust the horizontal rotation angle and / or vertical tilt angle of the module. This changes the light-receiving angle of the module and the incident conditions of the back reflected light, stabilizing the short-circuit current density difference between the top and bottom cells within a preset range. This effectively reduces current mismatch losses, improves the actual output efficiency and stability of the tandem solar module, and thus improves the power generation efficiency of the power plant. See below for details.

[0028] Exemplary embodiments according to this application will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these exemplary embodiments may be implemented in many different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein.

[0029] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a current matching method for a tandem solar cell module in a photovoltaic power plant according to an embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes: Step S100: Obtain the front incident spectral data and back reflection spectral data of the target tandem solar cell module located at a representative position in the photovoltaic power station. The front incident spectral data and the back reflection spectral data are obtained by at least one spectral detection module, which is set at the representative position.

[0030] Step S102: Based on the front incident spectrum data, the back reflection spectrum data, and the external quantum efficiency curve obtained from the pre-shipment test of the target tandem battery module, calculate the difference in short-circuit current density between the top cell and the bottom cell in the target tandem battery module.

[0031] Step S104: If the short-circuit current density difference is not within a preset range, a bracket control command is generated and sent to the target adjustable photovoltaic bracket, so that the target adjustable photovoltaic bracket drives the stacked battery module on it to rotate in the horizontal direction according to the bracket control command, and / or drives the target adjustable photovoltaic bracket to tilt in the vertical direction according to the bracket control command. The target adjustable photovoltaic bracket is an adjustable photovoltaic bracket that supports the target stacked battery module.

[0032] Step S106: Repeat the above steps of acquiring spectral data, calculating short-circuit current density difference, generating and sending support control pointers until the short-circuit current density difference is within the preset range.

[0033] The current matching method provided in this embodiment acquires the front incident spectrum data and back reflected spectrum data of the target tandem solar module collected by the spectral detection module, and combines them with the external quantum efficiency curve before the module leaves the factory. This allows for a comprehensive and accurate calculation of the short-circuit current density difference between the top and bottom cells. The short-circuit current density difference is then compared with a preset range. When the difference is outside the preset range, a bracket control command is generated based on this difference. This command drives the adjustable photovoltaic bracket to adjust the horizontal rotation angle and / or vertical tilt angle of the module, thereby changing the light-receiving angle and the incident conditions of the back reflected light. This ensures that the short-circuit current density difference between the top and bottom cells is stably maintained within the preset range. If an adjustment fails to bring the short-circuit current density difference within the preset range, further adjustments are made until the difference is within the preset range. This ensures that the tandem solar module maintains near-current matching between the top and bottom cells throughout the day, reducing current mismatch losses, improving the actual output efficiency and stability of the tandem solar module, and ultimately increasing the power generation efficiency of the power plant.

[0034] The following combination Figure 1 The steps in steps S100 to S106 and other optional steps are described in detail.

[0035] Step S100: Obtain the front incident spectral data and back reflection spectral data of the target tandem solar cell module located at a representative position in the photovoltaic power station. The front incident spectral data and the back reflection spectral data are obtained by at least one spectral detection module, which is set at the representative position.

[0036] The spectral detection module, as the core sensing component of the current matching system, is used to collect the front incident spectral data and the back reflected spectral data of the tandem battery module.

[0037] The spectral detection module is set at a representative location in the photovoltaic power station. The representative location must meet the requirement that the illumination conditions are the same as those of most tandem solar modules in the power station. That is, the tandem solar modules at the representative location have the same environment as most of the nearby tandem solar modules in terms of the front incident light and the back reflected light.

[0038] In one embodiment, the representative location can be determined based on the terrain features where the photovoltaic power station is located.

[0039] As an example, if the photovoltaic power station is located on flat terrain, the location of one module in the middle of the power station can be selected as a representative location, or the locations of multiple modules can be selected as representative locations. When selecting the locations of multiple modules as representative locations, the following method can be used: First, the entire power plant is divided into several rectangular sub-regions of equal area. The number of sub-regions can be determined based on the scale of the power plant; for example, one sub-region can be formed for every 10,000 m². Then, the location of the tandem solar cell module at the geometric center of each rectangular sub-region is used as a representative location to install a spectral detection module. This location effectively avoids boundary effects at the sub-region edges, and its illumination spectral data can uniformly represent the front incident and back reflected spectral characteristics of all tandem solar cell modules within the sub-region.

[0040] As an example, see Figure 2 If the photovoltaic power station is located in hilly terrain, the sunlight conditions vary significantly depending on the slope aspect. Sunny slopes have high sunlight intensity and a large proportion of short-wavelength light in the spectrum; shady slopes have low sunlight intensity and a large proportion of long-wavelength light in the spectrum; and valley areas are easily shaded by surrounding hills. For such photovoltaic power stations, one or more representative locations (typical locations) can be selected on the shady and face slopes of different gradients to represent the operating status of all components under this terrain, and a spectral detection module can be installed.

[0041] In this embodiment, after the control module sends an acquisition command to the spectral detection module, the spectral detection module starts working according to the preset mode (real-time acquisition or timed acquisition). After acquiring the front incident spectrum data and the back reflection spectrum data, the spectral detection module will immediately upload the currently acquired front incident spectrum data and back reflection spectrum data for subsequent calculation.

[0042] Step S102: Based on the front incident spectrum data, the back reflection spectrum data, and the external quantum efficiency curve obtained from the pre-shipment test of the target tandem battery module, calculate the difference in short-circuit current density between the top cell and the bottom cell in the target tandem battery module.

[0043] The external quantum efficiency curves obtained from the pre-shipment testing of the target tandem solar cell module include the external quantum efficiency curve of the top cell under front illumination. Backside quantum efficiency curve of the top-mounted battery under illumination Quantum efficiency curve of the bottom battery under front illumination Backside quantum efficiency curve of the bottom battery under illumination .

[0044] It should be noted that, since the external quantum efficiency curves of different models of tandem battery modules have certain differences, in this embodiment, when obtaining the external quantum efficiency curve, the corresponding external quantum efficiency curve data will be automatically retrieved according to the model of the current target tandem battery module.

[0045] In an optional implementation, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 3Calculating the short-circuit current density difference between the top and bottom cells of the target tandem solar cell assembly based on the front incident spectrum data, the back reflected spectrum data, and the external quantum efficiency curve obtained from the pre-shipment test of the target tandem solar cell assembly may include steps S300-S302. Wherein: Step S300: Based on the front incident spectrum data, the back reflection spectrum data, and the external quantum efficiency curve obtained from the pre-shipment test of the target stacked battery module, the short-circuit current density of the top battery and the bottom battery under the current spectrum is calculated by integration, and the first short-circuit current density and the second short-circuit current density are obtained respectively.

[0046] Step S302: Calculate the difference between the first short-circuit current density and the second short-circuit current density to obtain the short-circuit current density difference.

[0047] In this embodiment, after obtaining the front incident spectrum data, the back reflection spectrum data, and the external quantum efficiency curve obtained from the pre-shipment test of the target tandem battery module, the short-circuit current density of the top cell can be calculated by integrating using the trapezoidal numerical integration method. (First short-circuit current density) and the short-circuit current density of the bottom cell (Second short-circuit current density), where the calculation formula is as follows:

[0048]

[0049] in, The external quantum efficiency curve of the battery under front illumination. The back-side quantum efficiency curve of the top-mounted battery under illumination. The quantum efficiency curve of the bottom battery under front illumination. The back-side quantum efficiency curve of the bottom battery under illumination. For frontal incident spectral data, The data represents the back reflectance spectrum, where q is the electron charge, with a value of 1.602 × 10⁻⁶. 19C.

[0050] Calculated separately (First short-circuit current density) and (Second short-circuit current density) can be calculated based on the short-circuit current density of the top cell. and the short-circuit current density of the bottom battery Calculate the difference between the two, i.e., the difference in short-circuit current density ΔJ = - .

[0051] In this embodiment, the calculation logic of first integrating the short-circuit current densities of the top and bottom cells (first and second short-circuit current densities) separately, and then calculating the difference, makes the current density difference calculation process more standardized and traceable. The integration calculation step is based on a precise match between real-time spectral data and the factory-calibrated external quantum efficiency curve, ensuring that the first and second short-circuit current densities accurately reflect the current output characteristics of the top and bottom cells under the current illumination. This allows the final short-circuit current density difference to accurately characterize the current matching state between the two cells, providing a reliable basis for the precise generation of subsequent stent control commands.

[0052] Step S104: If the short-circuit current density difference is not within a preset range, a bracket control command is generated and sent to the target adjustable photovoltaic bracket, so that the target adjustable photovoltaic bracket drives the stacked battery module on it to rotate in the horizontal direction according to the bracket control command, and / or drives the target adjustable photovoltaic bracket to tilt in the vertical direction according to the bracket control command. The target adjustable photovoltaic bracket is an adjustable photovoltaic bracket that supports the target stacked battery module.

[0053] The preset range can be set and adjusted according to actual conditions. In this embodiment, the preset range can be -0.4mA / cm. 2 -0.6mA / cm 2 .

[0054] In this embodiment, after calculating the short-circuit current density difference ΔJ, it is compared with a preset range. If ΔJ is within the preset range, no support control command is generated, and the current attitude of the adjustable photovoltaic support is maintained. If ΔJ exceeds the preset range, a corresponding support control command is generated according to the deviation direction and degree of the difference.

[0055] As an example, when ΔJ is greater than the maximum value of the preset range (e.g., 0.6 mA / cm²), 2 When ΔJ is less than the minimum value of the preset range (e.g., -0.4mA / cm), it indicates that the current density of the top cell is too high. A command to "increase the vertical tilt angle to N degrees" can be issued to cause the adjustable photovoltaic support to tilt the stacked cell modules on it vertically, thereby reducing the short-wavelength photon flux incident from the front and lowering the short-circuit current density of the top cell. 2 If the current density of the bottom cell is too high, a command can be issued to "rotate horizontally to X° and reduce the vertical tilt angle to Y°" so that the target adjustable photovoltaic bracket can rotate the stacked cell module on it horizontally and tilt it vertically according to the command, thereby optimizing the photon utilization rate of the back reflection spectrum and balancing the current density of the top and bottom cells.

[0056] Step S106: Repeat the above steps of acquiring spectral data, calculating short-circuit current density difference, generating and sending support control pointers until the short-circuit current density difference is within the preset range.

[0057] After the bracket control command is issued, the target adjustable photovoltaic bracket will perform attitude adjustment operation. After the adjustment is completed, the spectral detection module will re-collect spectral data. Then, it will repeat the above steps S300-S304 to realize dynamic closed-loop control of the short-circuit current density difference, so as to maintain the short-circuit current density difference within the preset range, thereby effectively reducing current mismatch loss, improving the actual output efficiency and stability of the tandem battery module, and thus improving the power generation efficiency of the power station.

[0058] In an optional implementation, the method further includes: The last round of sequentially generated bracket adjustment instructions are sent to other adjustable photovoltaic brackets, which are all adjustable photovoltaic brackets other than the target adjustable photovoltaic bracket set in the terrain area represented by the representative location.

[0059] In this embodiment, by sending the last round of sequentially generated bracket control commands to other adjustable photovoltaic brackets, these brackets can also rotate their stacked battery modules horizontally and / or tilt them vertically according to the commands. This ensures that the stacked battery modules on other adjustable photovoltaic brackets can maintain the short-circuit current density difference within a preset range, effectively reducing current mismatch losses and improving the actual output efficiency and stability of the stacked battery modules. Furthermore, this embodiment simultaneously sends the last round of effective bracket control commands from the target adjustable photovoltaic bracket at the representative location to all other adjustable photovoltaic brackets in the terrain area represented by that representative location. This fully utilizes the equivalence of the representative location's spectral data to the illumination conditions of the same terrain area, avoiding the need to configure a separate spectral detection module for each adjustable photovoltaic bracket and repeatedly execute the acquisition-calculation-control process. This significantly reduces system hardware costs and data processing load while ensuring that all stacked battery modules within the same terrain area can quickly adapt to the current illumination conditions to maintain the top and bottom battery current density difference within a preset range.

[0060] In another embodiment, after each bracket control command is generated, the bracket control command can be immediately synchronized to other adjustable photovoltaic brackets, so that the other adjustable photovoltaic brackets immediately drive the stacked battery modules on them to rotate in the horizontal direction according to the command, and / or drive the stacked battery modules on them to tilt in the vertical direction according to the command.

[0061] In an optional implementation, generating a support control command and sending it to the target adjustable photovoltaic support when the short-circuit current density difference is not within a preset range may include: When the short-circuit current density difference is not within the preset range, a bracket control command is generated according to the hierarchical control strategy and sent to the target adjustable photovoltaic bracket. The hierarchical control strategy includes at least two control strategies, and the bracket control amplitudes corresponding to different control strategies are different.

[0062] In this embodiment, the division of the graded control strategy can be based on the deviation of the current density difference from a preset range (-0.4mA / cm). 2 -0.6mA / cm 2 Based on the degree of deviation, the deviation is divided into at least two levels, and a corresponding control strategy and support control amplitude are configured for each level. In a specific implementation, the specific level division and strategy configuration are shown in the table below:

[0063] The positive and negative values ​​of the adjustment range correspond to the rotation direction of the support: when the horizontal rotation angle is positive, the support rotates clockwise; when it is negative, it rotates counterclockwise; when the vertical tilt angle is positive, the support tilts upward; when it is negative, it tilts downward.

[0064] In an optional implementation, when the short-circuit current density difference is not within a preset range, generating a bracket control command according to a preset graded control strategy and sending it to the target adjustable photovoltaic bracket includes: If the short-circuit current density difference is not within a preset range, the short-circuit current density difference is compared with a preset deviation level threshold to determine the deviation level to which the short-circuit current density difference belongs; a graded control strategy corresponding to the deviation level is determined based on the deviation level; a bracket control command is generated based on the determined graded control strategy and sent to the target adjustable photovoltaic bracket.

[0065] In this embodiment, after obtaining the short-circuit current density difference value ΔJ, it is first compared with a preset deviation level threshold to determine the deviation level to which the current difference belongs. For example, if ΔJ = 0.7 mA / cm², 2 If ΔJ = 1.2mA / cm 2 If so, it is judged as a Level II deviation.

[0066] After determining the deviation level of the current difference, the corresponding control strategy can be determined based on the determined deviation level: If the deviation is Level I, a small adjustment strategy is matched. This strategy is suitable for scenarios where the difference deviates slightly from the preset range. By adjusting the posture of the support slightly, the difference is avoided from fluctuating repeatedly due to excessive adjustment.

[0067] If the deviation is Level II, a large adjustment strategy is matched. This strategy is suitable for scenarios where the difference deviates significantly from the preset range. By adjusting the posture of the support significantly, the difference is quickly pulled back to the preset range, thereby improving the adjustment efficiency.

[0068] Finally, based on the matched control strategy, support control commands including rotation direction and control amplitude can be generated. For example, for a Class I deviation of ΔJ=0.7mA / cm2, commands such as "horizontal rotation +1°, vertical tilt" can be generated first. The initial command is 0.5°. Then, the final support adjustment command can be calculated based on the initial command. The final support adjustment command includes the horizontal rotation angle and the vertical tilt angle based on the reference horizontal direction and the reference vertical direction.

[0069] This embodiment achieves on-demand adjustment of the support system through the application of a graded control strategy. This avoids over-control under small deviations and solves the problem of low control efficiency under large deviations. At the same time, the differentiated control range can effectively reduce the mechanical wear of the support drive unit and extend the service life of the equipment.

[0070] In an optional implementation, the graded control strategy includes a first graded control strategy and a second graded control strategy, wherein: The first graded control strategy is to control the horizontal rotation of the adjustable photovoltaic bracket by a first preset angle and / or control the vertical tilt of the adjustable photovoltaic bracket by a second preset angle. The second graded control strategy is to control the adjustable photovoltaic bracket to rotate horizontally by a third preset angle and / or control the adjustable photovoltaic bracket to tilt vertically by a fourth preset angle, wherein the third preset angle is greater than the first preset angle and the fourth preset angle is greater than the second preset angle.

[0071] In this embodiment, the first preset angle, the second preset angle, the third preset angle, and the fourth preset angle can be set and adjusted according to the actual situation. For example, the first preset angle is 1°, the second preset angle is 0.5°, the third preset angle is 3°, and the fourth preset angle is 1.5°.

[0072] In this embodiment, by setting a first-level control strategy and a second-level control strategy to correspond to different control angles, compared with no-level control strategy, frequent and large-scale rotation of the support can be avoided, thus extending the service life of the drive motor and the mechanical structure of the support.

[0073] In an optional implementation, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 4 The step of generating a support control command and sending it to the target adjustable photovoltaic support when the short-circuit current density difference is not within a preset range includes: Step S400: When the short-circuit current density difference is not within a preset range, obtain a mapping model of spectrum-adjustment command-short-circuit current density difference, wherein the mapping model is created based on historical spectral data and adjustment records of the adjustable photovoltaic bracket.

[0074] Step S402: Generate bracket control instructions based on the mapping model and send them to the target adjustable photovoltaic bracket.

[0075] The historical spectral data refers to the frontal incident spectrum and back reflected spectrum collected over a historical time period. The historical time period can be the past week, past month, past year, past three years, etc.

[0076] The adjustment record is used to record the bracket control commands of the adjustable photovoltaic bracket corresponding to different short-circuit current density differences.

[0077] In this embodiment, by creating a mapping model, it is convenient to generate a suitable stent control command based on the mapping model when generating stent control commands in the future, so as to achieve precise control of the stent.

[0078] Figure 5 A schematic architecture diagram of a current matching system for a tandem solar cell module in a photovoltaic power plant according to an embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 5 As shown, the current matching system includes: an adjustable photovoltaic bracket 10, at least one spectral detection module 20, and a control module 30. The modules are connected by wired or wireless communication to form a closed-loop control system of spectral acquisition, data calculation, and bracket adjustment.

[0079] The tandem battery module is a series-connected tandem structure, consisting of a top cell and a bottom cell. The top cell uses a wide bandgap semiconductor material (such as perovskite, GaAs, etc.), and the bottom cell uses a narrow bandgap semiconductor material (such as silicon, copper indium gallium selenide, perovskite, etc.). In this embodiment, the tandem battery module is preferably a bifacial tandem battery module, meaning that light can also enter through the back side of the bifacial tandem battery module, thereby improving power generation efficiency.

[0080] The adjustable photovoltaic support 10, serving as a support and attitude control component for the tandem solar module, can employ a dual-axis tracking structure, possessing dual adjustment capabilities for horizontal rotation and vertical tilt. Its specific configuration may include a support structure, a drive unit, and an execution unit, wherein: The support structure may include a base, a column, a horizontal rotation device, and a tilt adjustment device. The stacked battery assembly can be fixed to the upper end of the tilt adjustment device to ensure the stability and flatness of the assembly installation.

[0081] The drive unit may include a horizontal drive unit and a vertical drive unit.

[0082] The horizontal drive unit has a built-in servo motor and gear transmission mechanism, which can drive the horizontal rotation device to rotate horizontally around the column (the rotation angle can be 0°-360°), and the rotation angle adjustment accuracy can be 0.1°. The vertical drive unit can have a built-in stepper motor and worm gear transmission mechanism, which can drive the tilt angle adjustment device to make vertical tilting movements from 0° to 90°, and the tilt angle adjustment accuracy can also be 0.1°.

[0083] The execution unit is used to adjust the orientation and tilt angle of the stacked battery module through the drive unit after receiving the bracket adjustment command issued by the control module, thereby changing the photon flux distribution of the front incident spectrum and the photon utilization rate of the back reflected spectrum, and finally achieving the matching control of the short-circuit current density of the top and bottom batteries.

[0084] In another embodiment, the adjustable photovoltaic support 10 serves as a support and attitude control component for the tandem battery module. It can also adopt a single-axis tracking structure and has the ability to adjust horizontal rotation or vertical tilt.

[0085] The spectral detection module 20, as the core sensing component of the system, is used to collect the front incident spectral data and the back reflected spectral data of the stacked battery module.

[0086] The spectral detection module 20 is set at a representative location in the photovoltaic power station. The representative location must meet the requirement that the illumination conditions are the same as those of most tandem solar cell modules in the power station. That is, the illumination conditions of the front incident light and the back reflected light of the tandem solar cell module at the representative location are the same as those of most nearby tandem solar cell modules.

[0087] In an optional implementation, the representative location is determined based on the terrain features where the photovoltaic power station is located.

[0088] As an example, if the photovoltaic power station is located on flat terrain, the location of one module in the middle of the power station can be selected as a representative location, or the locations of multiple modules can be selected as representative locations. When selecting the locations of multiple modules as representative locations, the following method can be used: First, the entire power plant is divided into several rectangular sub-regions of equal area. The number of sub-regions can be determined based on the scale of the power plant; for example, one sub-region can be formed for every 10,000 m². Then, the location of the tandem solar cell module at the geometric center of each rectangular sub-region is used as a representative location to install a spectral detection module. This location effectively avoids boundary effects at the sub-region edges, and its illumination spectral data can uniformly represent the front incident and back reflected spectral characteristics of all tandem solar cell modules within the sub-region.

[0089] As an example, see Figure 2 If the photovoltaic power station is located in hilly terrain, the sunlight conditions vary significantly depending on the slope aspect. Sunny slopes have high sunlight intensity and a large proportion of short-wavelength light in the spectrum; shady slopes have low sunlight intensity and a large proportion of long-wavelength light in the spectrum; and valley areas are easily shaded by surrounding hills. For such photovoltaic power stations, one or more representative locations (typical locations) can be selected on the shady and face slopes of different gradients to represent the operating status of all components under this terrain, and a spectral detection module can be installed.

[0090] In this embodiment, based on the representative location determined by the terrain features, the front incident spectrum data and back reflection spectrum data collected by the spectral detection module can accurately reflect the actual illumination of the stacked battery module in the corresponding terrain unit. The difference in short-circuit current density between the top and bottom batteries calculated by the control module is more in line with the actual working conditions.

[0091] In this embodiment, the spectral detection module 20 can support both real-time acquisition and timed acquisition modes, which can be pre-configured through the control module.

[0092] Real-time acquisition mode: The spectral detection module 20 can continuously acquire spectral data at a 5-second interval, which is suitable for scenarios with drastic changes in lighting conditions (such as cloudy weather). Timed acquisition mode: The spectral detection module 20 can acquire spectral data at preset time intervals (such as 5 min / time, 10 min / time), which is suitable for scenarios with stable lighting conditions (such as noon on a sunny day).

[0093] The spectral detection module 20 can store the acquired front incident spectral data and back reflected spectral data by constructing a two-dimensional array of wavelength-photon flux density. The wavelength coverage range is 300nm~1200nm, and the wavelength resolution can be 1nm.

[0094] In an optional embodiment, the spectral detection module 20 includes two spectrometers, which are fixed to the front and back sides of the target stacked battery assembly, respectively, and the detection surface of the spectrometers is parallel to the surface of the target stacked battery assembly, for collecting the front incident spectral data and the back reflected spectral data, respectively.

[0095] The target stacked battery assembly is a stacked battery assembly disposed at the representative location.

[0096] In other embodiments, the spectral detection module 20 may also include multiple sets of spectrometers, each set comprising two spectrometers. This allows for the subsequent calculation of the final frontal incident spectral data and back reflectance spectral data using the spectral data acquired by multiple sets of spectrometers, thereby improving the accuracy of data acquisition.

[0097] In this embodiment, the spectral detection module employs two spectrometers fixed to the front and back of the target tandem solar cell module, respectively. The spectrometer detection surfaces are parallel to the module surface, ensuring that the spectrometer's detection direction perfectly matches the incident sunlight direction and the outgoing reflected light direction from the back. This avoids photon flux acquisition errors caused by detection angle deviations, effectively improving the accuracy of the front incident spectral data and the back reflected spectral data. Compared to schemes using a single spectrometer for time-division acquisition or non-parallel installation, the spectral data acquired in this scheme shows higher consistency with the actual illumination spectrum received by the tandem solar cell module, providing a reliable data foundation for subsequent current density difference calculations.

[0098] The control module 30, as the core computing and control component of the system, can be an industrial-grade PLC controller or an embedded microprocessor. The control module 30 can be connected to the spectral detection module 20 and the adjustable photovoltaic bracket 10 via RS485 bus or LoRa wireless communication. The specific workflow is as follows: First, after acquiring the currently collected front incident spectrum data and back reflected spectrum data, the control module 30 calls the external quantum efficiency curve of the target stacked battery module obtained from the pre-shipment test, including the front illumination external quantum efficiency curve of the top battery, which is stored in the data storage unit. Backside quantum efficiency curve of the top-mounted battery under illumination Quantum efficiency curve of the bottom battery under front illumination Backside quantum efficiency curve of the bottom battery under illumination .

[0099] It should be noted that, in order to ensure the accuracy of the spectral data, after acquiring the front incident spectral data and the back reflected spectral data, the control module 30 can first perform filtering and noise reduction processing on the data to remove abnormal data points caused by environmental interference (such as dust obscuring the detector or instantaneous strong light).

[0100] It should be noted that, since the external quantum efficiency curves of different models of stacked battery modules have certain differences, in this embodiment, when the control module 30 calls the external quantum efficiency curve, it will automatically retrieve the corresponding external quantum efficiency curve data according to the model of the current target stacked battery module.

[0101] Subsequently, the control module can calculate the short-circuit current density of the top battery based on the trapezoidal numerical integration method, combined with the currently acquired front incident spectrum data, back reflected spectrum data, and the external quantum efficiency curve. and the short-circuit current density of the bottom battery The calculation formula is as follows:

[0102]

[0103] in, The external quantum efficiency curve of the battery under front illumination. The back-side quantum efficiency curve of the top-mounted battery under illumination. The quantum efficiency curve of the bottom battery under front illumination. The back-side quantum efficiency curve of the bottom battery under illumination. For frontal incident spectral data, The data represents the back reflectance spectrum, where q is the electron charge, with a value of 1.602 × 10⁻⁶. 19C.

[0104] Next, the short-circuit current density of the top battery can be calculated. and the short-circuit current density of the bottom battery Calculate the difference between the two, i.e., the difference in short-circuit current density ΔJ = - .

[0105] Finally, the control module 30 can generate a support adjustment command based on the short-circuit current density difference to keep the short-circuit current density difference within a preset range.

[0106] The preset range can be set and adjusted according to actual conditions. In this embodiment, the preset range can be -0.4mA / cm. 2 -0.6mA / cm 2 .

[0107] In this embodiment, after calculating the short-circuit current density difference ΔJ, the control module 30 compares it with a preset range. If ΔJ is within the preset range, the control module 30 does not generate a support adjustment command and maintains the current posture of the adjustable photovoltaic support. If ΔJ exceeds the preset range, the control module 30 can generate a corresponding support adjustment command based on the deviation direction and degree of the difference.

[0108] As an example, when ΔJ is greater than the maximum value of the preset range (e.g., 0.6 mA / cm²), 2 When ΔJ is less than the minimum value of the preset range (e.g., -0.4 mA / cm²), it indicates that the current density of the top battery is too high. The control module 30 can issue a command to "increase the vertical tilt angle to N degrees" to reduce the short-wavelength photon flux incident from the front and lower the short-circuit current density of the top battery. 2 If the current density of the bottom battery is too high, the control module 30 can issue a command to "rotate horizontally to X° and reduce the vertical tilt angle to Y°" to balance the current density of the top and bottom batteries by optimizing the photon utilization rate of the back reflection spectrum.

[0109] After the bracket control command is issued, the adjustable photovoltaic bracket will perform attitude adjustment operation. After the adjustment is completed, the spectral detection module 20 will re-collect spectral data, and the control module 30 will repeat the above calculation and comparison process to realize dynamic closed-loop control of the short-circuit current density difference, so as to maintain the short-circuit current density difference within the preset range, effectively reducing current mismatch loss, improving the actual output efficiency and stability of the tandem battery module, and thus improving the power generation efficiency of the power station.

[0110] In an optional implementation, the control module 30 may include: a built-in short-circuit current density calculation unit and a support control command generation unit, wherein: The short-circuit current density calculation unit is used to calculate the short-circuit current density of the top cell and the bottom cell under the current spectrum based on the currently collected front incident spectrum data, back reflection spectrum data and the external quantum efficiency curve obtained from the pre-shipment test of the target stacked battery module, and to calculate the difference between the two short-circuit current densities.

[0111] The bracket control command generation unit is used to generate bracket control commands based on the short-circuit current density difference, and send the bracket control commands to the target adjustable photovoltaic bracket supporting the target tandem battery module, so that the short-circuit current density difference is maintained within a preset range.

[0112] In this embodiment, the control module employs a dedicated short-circuit current density calculation unit specifically for calculating the short-circuit current density difference. This modularization and specialization of the calculation function avoids resource constraints and error accumulation issues associated with multi-functional integrated units, significantly improving the accuracy of the current density difference calculation. A separately configured support control command generation unit can directly receive the difference data output from the short-circuit current density calculation unit, eliminating the need for complex intermediate data transfer. Compared to a single control module unit handling both calculation and command generation, this structure reduces command generation response time, enhances the real-time performance and specificity of control, and ensures that the current density difference quickly returns to the preset range.

[0113] In an optional implementation, the control module 30 further includes: The mapping model creation unit is used to create a mapping model of spectrum-adjustment command-short-circuit current density difference based on historical spectral data and adjustment records of the adjustable photovoltaic bracket.

[0114] The historical spectral data refers to the frontal incident spectrum and back reflected spectrum collected over a historical time period. The historical time period can be the past week, past month, past year, past three years, etc.

[0115] The adjustment record is used to record the bracket control commands of the adjustable photovoltaic bracket corresponding to different short-circuit current density differences.

[0116] In this embodiment, by creating a mapping model, it is convenient to generate a suitable stent control command based on the mapping model when generating stent control commands in the future, so as to achieve precise control of the stent.

[0117] See Figure 6 The diagram shown is a program block diagram of an embodiment of the current matching device 600 for a tandem battery module in a photovoltaic power station according to this application.

[0118] In this embodiment, the current matching device 600 for the tandem solar cell module in a photovoltaic power station includes a series of computer program instructions stored in a memory. When these computer program instructions are executed by a processor, the cell sorting function of each embodiment of this application can be implemented. In some embodiments, based on the specific operations implemented by each part of the computer program instructions, the current matching device 600 can be divided into one or more modules, specifically as follows: The acquisition module 610 is used to acquire the front incident spectral data and back reflectance spectral data of the target tandem battery module located at a representative position in the photovoltaic power station. The front incident spectral data and the back reflectance spectral data are acquired by at least one spectral detection module, which is located at the representative position. The calculation module 620 is used to calculate the difference in short-circuit current density between the top cell and the bottom cell in the target tandem battery module based on the front incident spectrum data, the back reflection spectrum data and the external quantum efficiency curve obtained from the pre-shipment test of the target tandem battery module. The generation module 630 is used to generate a support adjustment command and send it to the target adjustable photovoltaic support when the short-circuit current density difference is not within a preset range, so that the target adjustable photovoltaic support drives the stacked battery module on it to rotate in the horizontal direction according to the support adjustment command, and / or drives the target adjustable photovoltaic support to drive the stacked battery module on it to tilt in the vertical direction according to the support adjustment command, wherein the target adjustable photovoltaic support is an adjustable photovoltaic support that supports the target stacked battery module; The loop module 640 is used to repeatedly execute the above steps of acquiring spectral data, calculating the short-circuit current density difference, and generating and sending the support control pointer until the short-circuit current density difference is within the preset range.

[0119] In an optional embodiment, the current matching device 600 is further used for: The last round of sequentially generated bracket adjustment instructions are sent to other adjustable photovoltaic brackets, which are all adjustable photovoltaic brackets other than the target adjustable photovoltaic bracket set in the terrain area represented by the representative location.

[0120] In an optional implementation, the calculation module 620 is further configured to: Based on the front incident spectrum data, the back reflection spectrum data, and the external quantum efficiency curve obtained from the pre-shipment test of the target stacked battery module, the short-circuit current density of the top battery and the bottom battery under the current spectrum is calculated by integration to obtain the first short-circuit current density and the second short-circuit current density, respectively. The difference between the first short-circuit current density and the second short-circuit current density is calculated to obtain the short-circuit current density difference.

[0121] In an optional implementation, the generation module 630 is further configured to: When the difference in short-circuit current density is not within a preset range, a bracket control command is generated according to a preset hierarchical control strategy and sent to the target adjustable photovoltaic bracket. The hierarchical control strategy includes at least two control strategies, and the bracket control amplitudes corresponding to different control strategies are different.

[0122] In an optional implementation, the generation module 630 is further configured to: If the short-circuit current density difference is not within a preset range, the short-circuit current density difference is compared with a preset deviation level threshold to determine the deviation level to which the short-circuit current density difference belongs; a graded control strategy corresponding to the deviation level is determined based on the deviation level; a bracket control command is generated based on the determined graded control strategy and sent to the target adjustable photovoltaic bracket.

[0123] In an optional implementation, the graded control strategy includes a first graded control strategy and a second graded control strategy, wherein: The first graded control strategy is to control the adjustable photovoltaic bracket to rotate horizontally by a first preset angle and / or control the adjustable photovoltaic bracket to tilt vertically by a second preset angle; the second graded control strategy is to control the adjustable photovoltaic bracket to rotate horizontally by a third preset angle and / or control the adjustable photovoltaic bracket to tilt vertically by a fourth preset angle, wherein the third preset angle is greater than the first preset angle, and the fourth preset angle is greater than the second preset angle.

[0124] In an optional implementation, the generation module 630 is further configured to: When the short-circuit current density difference is not within a preset range, a mapping model of spectrum-adjustment command-short-circuit current density difference is obtained, wherein the mapping model is created based on historical spectral data and adjustment records of the adjustable photovoltaic bracket; The mounting control command is generated based on the mapping model and sent to the target adjustable photovoltaic mounting bracket.

[0125] The following section will conduct performance tests on the current matching system of the tandem battery module in the photovoltaic power station provided in the embodiments of this application, as well as related comparative examples.

[0126]

Example 1

[0127] This embodiment demonstrates that stacked batteries do not have the highest output power when tracking a solar angle of 0°.

[0128]

Example 2

[0129] Analysis of the two-month operating data of a single perovskite module under the four solar tracking schemes listed in Table 1 shows that the "tracking current matching point" scheme performed best, with a total power generation of 1768 W over two months, a 14.21% increase compared to the "fixed position" scheme. Simultaneously, the battery degradation was only 5.6%, a 50.44% reduction compared to the "fixed position" scheme. The "tracking current matching point" scheme significantly outperformed the other schemes in both power generation and battery life. The "tracking maximum output power" scheme was second, with a power generation of 1728 W, an 11.63% increase compared to the "fixed position" scheme, and a degradation of 9.8%, a 13.27% reduction compared to the "fixed position" scheme. Although the power generation was close to the optimal scheme, the degradation control effect was significantly different. The "tracking 0° solar angle" scheme showed limited improvement compared to the "fixed position" scheme, with a power generation of 1606 W. W is 3.75% higher than the "fixed location" scheme, with a decrease of 10.7% and a decrease of 5.31% compared to the "fixed location" scheme, so the overall benefits are not outstanding; the "fixed location" scheme performed the worst, with the lowest power generation (1548 W) and the fastest decrease (11.3%).

[0130] In summary, the level of refinement of the tracking strategy is positively correlated with the power generation and battery degradation control effect. The "tracking current matching point" scheme optimizes the operating current point, effectively reducing the battery degradation rate while maintaining high power generation, thus achieving dual optimization of power generation and lifespan.

[0131] Figure 8This illustration schematically depicts the hardware architecture of a computer device 800 suitable for implementing a current matching method for tandem solar cell modules in a photovoltaic power plant, according to an embodiment of this application. In this embodiment, the computer device 800 is a device capable of automatically performing numerical calculations and / or information processing according to pre-set or stored instructions. Figure 8 As shown, the computer device 800 includes, but is not limited to, a memory 801, a processor 802, and a network interface 803 that can communicate with each other via a system bus. Wherein: The memory 801 includes at least one type of computer-readable storage medium, which can be volatile or non-volatile. Specifically, the readable storage medium includes flash memory, hard disk, multimedia card, card-type memory (e.g., SD or DX memory), random access memory (RAM), static random access memory (SRAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), magnetic memory, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc. In some embodiments, the memory 801 can be an internal storage module of the computer device 800, such as the hard disk or memory of the computer device 800. In other embodiments, the memory 801 can also be an external storage device of the computer device 800, such as a plug-in hard disk, smart media card (SMC), secure digital (SD) card, flash card, etc. of the computer device 800. Of course, the memory 801 can also include both the internal storage module and the external storage device of the computer device 800. In this embodiment, the memory 801 is typically used to store the operating system and various application software installed on the computer device 800, such as program code for the current matching method of the tandem battery module in a photovoltaic power station. In addition, the memory 801 can also be used to temporarily store various types of data that have been output or will be output.

[0132] In some embodiments, processor 802 may be a central processing unit (CPU), controller, microcontroller, microprocessor, or current matching chip for tandem solar panels in a photovoltaic power plant. Processor 802 is typically used to control the overall operation of computer device 800, such as performing control and processing related to data interaction or communication with computer device 800. In this embodiment, processor 802 is used to run program code stored in memory 801 or process data.

[0133] Network interface 803 may include a wireless network interface or a wired network interface. This network interface 803 is typically used to establish communication links between computer device 800 and other computer devices. For example, network interface 803 is used to connect computer device 800 to external terminals via a network, establishing current matching channels and communication links between computer device 800 and external terminals for tandem solar cell modules in a photovoltaic power station. The network can be an intranet, the Internet, Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM), Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA), 4G networks, 5G networks, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, or other wireless or wired networks.

[0134] It should be pointed out that, Figure 8 Only computer devices with components 801-803 are shown; however, it should be understood that it is not required to implement all of the shown components, and more or fewer components may be implemented instead.

[0135] In this embodiment, the current matching method for the tandem battery module in the photovoltaic power station stored in the memory 801 can be divided into one or more program modules and executed by one or more processors (processor 802 in this embodiment) to complete this application.

[0136] This application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the current matching method for tandem battery modules in a photovoltaic power station as described in the embodiment.

[0137] In this embodiment, the computer-readable storage medium includes flash memory, hard disk, multimedia card, card-type memory (e.g., SD or DX memory), random access memory (RAM), static random access memory (SRAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), magnetic memory, disk, optical disk, etc. In some embodiments, the computer-readable storage medium can be an internal storage unit of a computer device, such as the hard disk or memory of the computer device. In other embodiments, the computer-readable storage medium can also be an external storage device of the computer device, such as a plug-in hard disk, smart media card (SMC), secure digital (SD) card, flash card, etc., equipped on the computer device. Of course, the computer-readable storage medium can also include both the internal storage unit and the external storage device of the computer device. In this embodiment, the computer-readable storage medium is typically used to store the operating system and various application software installed on the computer device, such as the program code of the current matching method of the tandem battery module in the photovoltaic power station in the embodiment. In addition, the computer-readable storage medium can also be used to temporarily store various types of data that have been output or will be output.

[0138] This application provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the current matching method for tandem battery modules in a photovoltaic power station as described in the embodiment.

[0139] In the description of this specification, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0140] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various variations or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application, and these should all be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A current matching method for tandem solar cell modules in a photovoltaic power station, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: The front incident spectrum and back reflectance spectrum of the target tandem solar cell module located at a representative location in the photovoltaic power station are acquired. The front incident spectrum and back reflectance spectrum are acquired by at least one spectral detection module, which is located at the representative location. Based on the front incident spectrum data, the back reflection spectrum data, and the external quantum efficiency curve obtained from the pre-shipment test of the target tandem battery module, the difference in short-circuit current density between the top cell and the bottom cell in the target tandem battery module is calculated. When the short-circuit current density difference is not within a preset range, a bracket adjustment command is generated and sent to the target adjustable photovoltaic bracket, so that the target adjustable photovoltaic bracket drives the stacked battery module on it to rotate in the horizontal direction according to the bracket adjustment command, and / or drives the target adjustable photovoltaic bracket to tilt in the vertical direction according to the bracket adjustment command, wherein the target adjustable photovoltaic bracket is an adjustable photovoltaic bracket that supports the target stacked battery module; The steps of acquiring spectral data, calculating the short-circuit current density difference, and generating and sending the support control signal are repeated until the short-circuit current density difference is within the preset range.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: The last round of sequentially generated bracket adjustment instructions are sent to other adjustable photovoltaic brackets, which are all adjustable photovoltaic brackets other than the target adjustable photovoltaic bracket set in the terrain area represented by the representative location.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of calculating the short-circuit current density difference between the top and bottom cells of the target tandem solar cell assembly based on the front incident spectrum data, the back reflected spectrum data, and the external quantum efficiency curve obtained from the pre-shipment test of the target tandem solar cell assembly includes: Based on the front incident spectrum data, the back reflection spectrum data, and the external quantum efficiency curve obtained from the pre-shipment test of the target stacked battery module, the short-circuit current density of the top battery and the bottom battery under the current spectrum is calculated by integration, and the first short-circuit current density and the second short-circuit current density are obtained respectively. The difference between the first short-circuit current density and the second short-circuit current density is calculated to obtain the short-circuit current density difference.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of generating a support control command and sending it to the target adjustable photovoltaic support when the short-circuit current density difference is not within a preset range includes: When the difference in short-circuit current density is not within a preset range, a bracket control command is generated according to a preset hierarchical control strategy and sent to the target adjustable photovoltaic bracket. The hierarchical control strategy includes at least two control strategies, and the bracket control amplitudes corresponding to different control strategies are different.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, When the short-circuit current density difference is not within a preset range, generating a bracket control command according to a preset graded control strategy and sending it to the target adjustable photovoltaic bracket includes: If the short-circuit current density difference is not within the preset range, the short-circuit current density difference is compared with a preset deviation level threshold to determine the deviation level to which the short-circuit current density difference belongs. Based on the deviation level, determine the corresponding graded control strategy; The established hierarchical control strategy generates control instructions for the support structure and sends them to the target adjustable photovoltaic support structure.

6. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The tiered control strategy includes a first tiered control strategy and a second tiered control strategy, wherein: The first graded control strategy is to control the horizontal rotation of the adjustable photovoltaic bracket by a first preset angle and / or control the vertical tilt of the adjustable photovoltaic bracket by a second preset angle. The second graded control strategy is to control the horizontal rotation of the adjustable photovoltaic bracket by a third preset angle and / or control the vertical tilt of the adjustable photovoltaic bracket by a fourth preset angle, wherein the third preset angle is greater than the first preset angle and the fourth preset angle is greater than the second preset angle.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The step of generating a support control command and sending it to the target adjustable photovoltaic support when the short-circuit current density difference is not within a preset range includes: When the short-circuit current density difference is not within a preset range, a mapping model of spectrum-adjustment command-short-circuit current density difference is obtained, wherein the mapping model is created based on historical spectral data and adjustment records of the adjustable photovoltaic bracket; The mounting control command is generated based on the mapping model and sent to the target adjustable photovoltaic mounting bracket.

8. A current matching device for a tandem solar cell module in a photovoltaic power station, characterized in that, include: The acquisition module is used to acquire the front incident spectral data and back reflectance spectral data of the target tandem solar cell module located at a representative position in the photovoltaic power station. The front incident spectral data and the back reflectance spectral data are acquired by at least one spectral detection module, which is located at the representative position. The calculation module is used to calculate the difference in short-circuit current density between the top cell and the bottom cell in the target tandem battery module based on the front incident spectrum data, the back reflection spectrum data, and the external quantum efficiency curve obtained from the pre-shipment test of the target tandem battery module. The generation module is used to generate a support adjustment command and send it to the target adjustable photovoltaic support when the short-circuit current density difference is not within a preset range, so that the target adjustable photovoltaic support drives the stacked battery module on it to rotate in the horizontal direction according to the support adjustment command, and / or drives the target adjustable photovoltaic support to drive the stacked battery module on it to tilt in the vertical direction according to the support adjustment command, wherein the target adjustable photovoltaic support is an adjustable photovoltaic support that supports the target stacked battery module; The loop module is used to repeatedly execute the above steps of acquiring spectral data, calculating the short-circuit current density difference, and generating and sending the support control signal until the short-circuit current density difference is within the preset range.

9. A current matching system for a tandem solar cell module in a photovoltaic power station, characterized in that, include: An adjustable photovoltaic bracket is used to support a tandem solar cell module and to drive the tandem solar cell module to rotate in the horizontal direction and / or drive the tandem solar cell module to tilt in the vertical direction. At least one spectral detection module is set at a representative location in the photovoltaic power station to collect front incident spectral data and back reflectance spectral data of the target tandem battery module located at the representative location in real time or at regular intervals. The control module, which is communicatively connected to the at least one spectral detection module and the adjustable photovoltaic support, is used to calculate the short-circuit current density difference between the top cell and the bottom cell in the target tandem solar module based on the currently collected front incident spectral data, back reflectance spectral data, and the external quantum efficiency curve obtained from the pre-shipment test of the target tandem solar module, and to generate a support adjustment command based on the short-circuit current density difference so that the short-circuit current density difference is maintained within a preset range.

10. A computer device, characterized in that, The computer device includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

11. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

12. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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