Mechanical, optical and magnetic induction three-in-one micro switch

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of micro switch, and specifically relates to a mechanical, optical and magnetic induction three-in-one micro switch, which comprises a shell and a pressing handle, and the shell is internally integrated with a mechanical trigger mechanism, an optoelectronic trigger mechanism and a magnetic induction trigger mechanism; the mechanical trigger mechanism is used for realizing mechanical contact type switch on-off under the driving of the pressing handle; the optoelectronic trigger mechanism is used for realizing light path on-off under the driving of the pressing handle; the magnetic induction trigger mechanism is used for realizing magnetic field induction type switch on-off under the driving of the pressing handle; wherein the mechanical trigger mechanism, the optoelectronic trigger mechanism and the magnetic induction trigger mechanism are independently arranged and synchronously driven by the pressing handle to respectively generate independent key trigger signals; the present application can prevent the fault of single click becoming double click, keep stable and reliable signal output during long-term use, realize seamless connection of lower delay wake-up in the sleep state and higher precision detection in the working state, and the system fault tolerance is better than that of the existing single-path or double-path micro switch.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of micro switch technology, and in particular to a three-in-one micro switch combining mechanical, optical, and magnetic induction. Background Technology

[0002] In high-frequency applications such as gaming mice and industrial control buttons, the lifespan and reliability of traditional mechanical microswitches have always been a key concern for both manufacturers and the market. Typical failures include: after several months of use, a single click is incorrectly identified as a double click or a series of clicks, resulting in a "double-click failure"; simultaneously, the tactile feedback gradually deteriorates, failing to meet the stringent consistency requirements of professional users. These failures stem from the fact that traditional mechanical microswitches rely solely on the switching function of a single elastic metal spring and contact pads. After repeated deformation, the spring experiences metal fatigue, reducing its resilience and causing incomplete separation of the moving and stationary contacts. Furthermore, the contact surface forms an insulating film due to arc erosion and oxidation, and metal debris is generated during opening and closing friction, leading to increased contact resistance and intermittent signal. During a single press, the aging spring generates multiple mechanical bounces as the contacts are about to stably close or open. This microsecond-level contact tremor is misinterpreted by the main control chip as multiple independent presses, creating a chain reaction of "single clicks becoming double clicks." Furthermore, the fixed deformation path of the spring determines that its trigger stroke is not adjustable, making it impossible to adapt to different users' preferences for pressing depth. The feel is monotonous, and once the spring fails, the entire switch is rendered unusable, posing a single point of failure risk.

[0003] To circumvent the shortcomings of mechanical contacts, optical microswitches based on infrared photoelectric blocking principles and magnetic induction microswitches based on Hall effect detection of magnetic field changes exist on the market. However, optical microswitches require continuous illumination from infrared emitters, and magnetic induction microswitches require continuous cyclic scanning and sampling by Hall chips. Even in standby or sleep mode, the circuitry continues to consume power, severely impacting the battery life of wireless devices. This application aims to provide a three-in-one microswitch combining mechanical, optical, and magnetic induction technologies to solve the aforementioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of at least one of the above technical problems, the present invention provides a three-in-one micro switch combining mechanical, optical and magnetic induction technologies, and solves the problems by adopting the following technical solution.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present invention, a three-in-one micro switch combining mechanical, optical, and magnetic induction is provided, comprising: a housing and a pressing handle, the pressing handle being reciprocally slidably disposed within the housing; the housing integrating:

[0006] A mechanical triggering mechanism is used to realize the mechanical contact switch on and off under the drive of the pressing handle;

[0007] A photoelectric triggering mechanism is used to switch the light path on and off under the drive of the pressing handle;

[0008] A magnetic induction triggering mechanism is used to realize the on / off switching of a magnetic field-induced switch under the drive of the pressing handle;

[0009] The mechanical triggering mechanism, the photoelectric triggering mechanism, and the magnetic induction triggering mechanism are independently configured and synchronously driven by the pressing handle to generate independent button triggering signals respectively.

[0010] Preferably, the mechanical triggering mechanism includes an elastic conductive spring, one end of which is fixed to the lower cover of the housing, and the other end is a movable end with a moving contact; a circuit board is provided with a stationary contact pad corresponding to the position of the moving contact; when the pressing handle descends, it squeezes the elastic conductive spring, causing the moving contact to contact and conduct with the stationary contact pad.

[0011] Preferably, the photoelectric triggering mechanism includes a photoelectric pair consisting of an infrared emitting tube and an infrared receiving tube, and a light path blocking part fixed on the pressing handle; when the pressing handle is lowered, the light path blocking part is inserted between the infrared emitting tube and the infrared receiving tube to block the light path.

[0012] Preferably, the magnetic induction triggering mechanism includes a permanent magnet and a magnetic induction chip; the permanent magnet is fixed on the pressing handle, and the magnetic induction chip is fixed on a circuit board and located on the movement path of the permanent magnet; when the pressing handle descends, the permanent magnet moves closer to the magnetic induction chip to change the magnetic field strength, causing it to output a trigger signal.

[0013] Preferably, the press handle is configured to simultaneously:

[0014] Drive at least one set of contacts in the mechanical triggering mechanism to switch from an open state to a closed state;

[0015] The optical path in the photoelectric triggering mechanism is switched from a conducting state to a blocking state; and,

[0016] The magnetic field sensing intensity in the magnetic induction triggering mechanism is switched from below a threshold to above a threshold.

[0017] Preferably, it further includes a circuit board, which is fixed to the bottom of the housing; the signal contacts of the mechanical triggering mechanism, the signal output terminal of the photoelectric triggering mechanism, and the signal output terminal of the magnetic induction triggering mechanism are all independently electrically connected to the circuit board, so that the circuit board can independently collect each trigger signal.

[0018] Preferably, the circuit board integrates the stationary contact pad of the mechanical triggering mechanism, the photoelectric pair of the photoelectric triggering mechanism, and the magnetic induction chip of the magnetic induction triggering mechanism.

[0019] Preferably, the mechanical triggering mechanism is a normally open switch, and the mechanical triggering signal generated therefrom is configured to wake up the signal processing circuit of the photoelectric triggering mechanism and / or the magnetic induction triggering mechanism in a low-power sleep state.

[0020] Preferably, the magnetic induction chip is a Hall switch chip, which integrates a hysteresis comparison circuit to avoid signal jitter at the critical stroke; the pressing handle has a groove inside, and the permanent magnet is embedded and fixed in the groove.

[0021] Preferably, the light path blocking part is a baffle plate provided on the pressing handle, the housing is a closed structure formed by the upper cover and the lower cover being fastened to each other, and the pressing handle vertically passes through the through hole reserved in the upper cover.

[0022] The present invention has the following technical advantages: The present invention integrates two sets of contactless triggering paths, namely photoelectric triggering mechanism and magnetic induction triggering mechanism, in a single micro switch housing. Pressing the handle drives the light path blocking part to block the light path of the photoelectric pair and drives the permanent magnet to approach the magnetic induction chip to change the magnetic field strength. Neither triggering method involves metal contacts, so there is no problem of contact bounce caused by mechanical wear, oxidation and ablation, and spring fatigue. This prevents the failure of single click turning into double click, and the signal output remains stable and reliable during long-term use.

[0023] The mechanical triggering mechanism of this invention is designed as a normally open switch with almost zero static current. When the device enters sleep mode, only the mechanical triggering mechanism can remain in standby mode, while the power-consuming signal processing circuits (such as the infrared emitter drive current and the magnetic induction chip scanning logic) in the photoelectric triggering mechanism and the magnetic induction triggering mechanism are turned off. This reduces the overall power consumption during sleep to an extremely low level. When the user presses a button, the mechanical triggering mechanism closes first, and the mechanical triggering signal it generates can wake up the photoelectric triggering mechanism and the magnetic induction triggering mechanism in sleep mode, allowing them to resume normal sampling. This achieves a seamless connection between lower latency wake-up in sleep mode and higher precision detection in working mode.

[0024] The photoelectric triggering mechanism of this invention determines the triggering timing based on the depth of the light path blocking part on the press handle inserted into the light path of the photoelectric pair. The magnetic induction triggering mechanism determines the triggering threshold based on the change in the distance between the permanent magnet and the magnetic induction chip. By adjusting the height design of the press handle, the installation position of the permanent magnet, or the longitudinal dimension of the light path blocking part, the starting point of the travel for both photoelectric and magnetic induction triggering can be flexibly set. Compared to the limitation of traditional mechanical micro-motion triggering where the travel is uniquely determined by the deformation of the spring, this invention can provide a customizable feel solution for users with different pressing habits.

[0025] This invention integrates three independent triggering paths—a mechanical triggering mechanism, a photoelectric triggering mechanism, and a magnetic induction triggering mechanism—within a single microswitch. These three signals are transmitted and acquired independently. Even if one path fails completely due to component failure, circuit breakage, or external damage, the remaining two paths can still function normally and independently output valid button trigger signals. The button function is unaffected by single-point failures, and the overall lifespan and system fault tolerance are superior to existing single-path or dual-path microswitches. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a front view of the assembled state of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of the optical micro-motion circuit module in this invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of the magnetic micro-motion circuit module of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of the mechanical micro-motion circuit module of the present invention.

[0032] Figure label:

[0033] 1. Top cover; 2. Press handle; 3. Permanent magnet; 4. Elastic conductive spring; 5. Bottom cover; 6. Circuit board; 6-1. Photoelectric pair; 6-2. Static contact pad; 6-3. Magnetic induction chip. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0035] Figure 1 An exploded view of the overall structure of a mechanical-optical-magnetic induction three-in-one micro switch provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a three-in-one micro switch combining mechanical, optical, and magnetic induction functions. This micro switch is used in input devices that require long lifespan, low power consumption, and high reliability, such as wired / wireless gaming mice, e-sports peripherals, and precision industrial buttons.

[0038] The housing of this micro switch consists of an upper cover 1 and a lower cover 5 that interlock to form a closed housing space, providing a mounting base and limiting protection for all internal components. The pressing handle 2 extends vertically through a pre-drilled hole at the top of the upper cover 1, allowing it to slide up and down vertically. It automatically resets after being pressed, relying on the internal structure of the housing or an added elastic reset component (such as a spring, not shown in the figure).

[0039] Inside the housing of this microswitch are three independent button triggering mechanisms with completely different triggering principles: a mechanical triggering mechanism, a photoelectric triggering mechanism, and a magnetic induction triggering mechanism. The press handle 2, acting as a unified driving component, synchronously drives these three mechanisms during the downward stroke of a single press by the user, causing each to generate an independent button trigger signal. These three signals are redundant, greatly improving the reliability and lifespan of the button.

[0040] Specifically, the mechanical triggering mechanism is used to realize the on / off switching of a mechanical contact switch under the drive of the pressing handle 2. It mainly consists of an elastic conductive spring 4 and a stationary contact pad 6-2 disposed on the circuit board 6. One end of the elastic conductive spring 4 is fixed in the positioning groove of the lower cover 5 of the housing, and the other end is a suspended movable end, on which a moving contact is provided. In this embodiment, the moving contact can be an arc-shaped protrusion formed by bending the elastic conductive spring 4 itself, or it can be an additional riveted alloy contact. The stationary contact pad 6-2, as a conductive metal area on the circuit board 6, is located directly below the moving contact. When the pressing handle 2 is not pressed, the elastic conductive spring 4 maintains its natural posture by relying on its own elasticity, and its moving contact is separated from the stationary contact pad 6-2, thus breaking the mechanical circuit; when the pressing handle 2 is pressed down, its bottom presses down on the elastic conductive spring 4, forcing the elastic conductive spring 4 to undergo elastic deformation, and the moving contact and the stationary contact pad 6-2 are tightly attached, thereby conducting the mechanical circuit and generating a mechanical button trigger signal. After the press handle 2 is released, the elastic conductive spring 4 pushes the press handle 2 back to its original position by its own rebound force. At the same time, the moving contact and the stationary contact pad 6-2 separate, the circuit is broken, and the signal is reset.

[0041] The photoelectric triggering mechanism is used to switch the light path on and off under the drive of the pressing handle 2, thereby achieving contactless triggering. It mainly includes a photoelectric pair 6-1 composed of an infrared emitting tube and an infrared receiving tube, and a light path blocking part fixed on the pressing handle 2. The photoelectric pair 6-1 is mounted on the circuit board 6 in a horizontally opposing manner. The emitting tube continuously emits an infrared beam, and the receiving tube receives the beam, thus forming a continuous light path. In this embodiment, the light path blocking part is preferably a baffle extending integrally from the pressing handle 2 body and located on one side of the pressing handle 2. When the pressing handle 2 is in its initial high position, the baffle is located above or beside the light path of the photoelectric pair 6-1, not blocking the light path. The receiving tube normally receives the infrared light, and the photoelectric circuit outputs a certain level (e.g., low level). When the pressing handle 2 moves down, the baffle moves down accordingly and inserts into the light path between the emitting tube and the receiving tube, completely blocking the transmission of the infrared beam. The receiving tube loses the light signal, causing the photoelectric circuit level to flip (e.g., flip to high level), thereby generating a photoelectric trigger signal. After the press handle 2 is released, the baffle rises with the press handle 2 and disengages from the optical path, the beam is restored, and the signal is reset. Thanks to the non-contact nature of the optical path, this mechanism completely eliminates the problems of wear, oxidation, bounce, and double-clicking associated with mechanical contacts.

[0042] The magnetic induction triggering mechanism is used to realize the on / off switching of a magnetic field-induced switch under the drive of the pressing handle 2, which is also a contactless triggering method. It includes a permanent magnet 3 and a magnetic induction chip 6-3. The permanent magnet 3 is fixed on the pressing handle 2 and moves up and down synchronously with the pressing handle 2. Preferably, a groove is formed inside the pressing handle 2, and the permanent magnet 3 is fixed in the groove by means of embedding, snap-fitting or bonding to ensure that there is no relative displacement between the two. The magnetic induction chip 6-3 is fixed on the circuit board 6 and is located on the movement path of the permanent magnet 3, specifically directly below it in this embodiment. When the pressing handle 2 is in the high position, the vertical distance between the permanent magnet 3 and the magnetic induction chip 6-3 is the largest, and the magnetic field strength acting on the magnetic induction chip 6-3 is lower than the preset trigger threshold, and the magnetic induction chip 6-3 outputs an idle level; when the pressing handle 2 moves down, the permanent magnet 3 moves closer to the magnetic induction chip 6-3, and the magnetic field strength gradually increases until it reaches the trigger threshold. The internal circuit of the magnetic induction chip 6-3 flips and outputs a magnetic induction trigger signal. After the press handle 2 is released, the permanent magnet 3 rises away from the magnetic induction chip 6-3 along with the press handle 2, the magnetic field strength drops back to the release threshold, and the signal is reset.

[0043] Detailed implementation of the circuit structure:

[0044] In this embodiment, the circuit board 6 carries three independent circuit modules, which correspond to the photoelectric triggering mechanism, the magnetic induction triggering mechanism and the mechanical triggering mechanism, respectively. The three signals are independent of each other and are not connected to each other. They are independently connected to different input and output pins of the external main control MCU.

[0045] The optical micro-motion circuit module includes a photoelectric pair 6-1, specifically implemented as an optocoupler SW1, which integrates an infrared emitting diode and a phototransistor. For example... Figure 3 As shown, the module also includes R75 as a current-limiting resistor for the infrared emission branch, R72 as a pull-up resistor for the signal line, and independent power supply VDD_IR and signal output node SW_IR. R75 has a resistance of 150Ω and is a 0402 packaged surface-mount resistor; R72 has a resistance of 100KΩ and is also a 0402 packaged surface-mount resistor.

[0046] The connection is as follows: The power supply VDD_IR branches into two paths. The first path connects to the left end of R75, and the right end of R75 connects to pin A of SW1, which is the anode of the built-in infrared emitting diode; pin K of SW1 is directly connected to GND, thus establishing a light-emitting circuit: VDD_IR → R75 → AK pin of SW1 → GND. The second path connects to the upper end of R72, and the lower end of R72 forms the SW_IR signal node. This node is also connected to the collector C of the built-in phototransistor of SW1; the emitter E of the phototransistor of SW1 is directly grounded to GND. Finally, the SW_IR node is routed to the corresponding IO pin of the main control MCU to complete the output of the photoelectric trigger signal. In the static state, the power supply VDD_IR drives the internal infrared emitting diode of SW1 to emit light through R75. The internal phototransistor receives the infrared light and conducts, its collector C is pulled to ground potential, the SW_IR signal node outputs a low level, and the main control MCU determines that the button has not been pressed. When pressed, the baffle on the pressing handle 2 blocks the internal infrared light path of SW1. The phototransistor, unable to receive infrared light, is cut off. R72 pulls the SW_IR signal node up to VDD_IR high level, causing the level to flip, and the main control MCU detects that the button is pressed. This optical micro-motion circuit module completes the switching action by relying on light blocking, eliminating metal contact friction oxidation. R75 precisely controls the current of the infrared emitting diode to optimize power consumption and lifespan, while R72 uses a large-value pull-up resistor to reduce static power consumption.

[0047] The magnetic micro-motion circuit module includes a magnetic induction chip 6-3, which is specifically implemented as a Hall switch integrated chip SW2, used to sense changes in the magnetic field and output a switching level. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the module also includes a resistor R73 for output current limiting and impedance buffering, a capacitor C56 for power supply filtering, a capacitor C55 for high-frequency debouncing of the output signal, and an independent power supply VDD_HALL and a signal output node SW_HALL. Specifically, R73 has a resistance of 22Ω and is a 0402 packaged surface-mount resistor; C56 has a capacitance of 0.1μF and a voltage rating of 10V and is a surface-mount ceramic capacitor; C55 has a capacitance of 20pF and a voltage rating of 50V and is also a surface-mount ceramic capacitor.

[0048] The connections are as follows: For power input, VDD_HALL is connected to the VCC power supply pin 1 of SW2; one end of C56 is connected to VDD_HALL, and the other end is connected to GND, connected in parallel to the power input of SW2 for power filtering; the ground pins 2 and 3 of SW2 are shorted together and then connected to GND. For signal output, the OUT output pin 4 of SW2 branches into two paths: the first path connects to the upper end of C55, and the lower end of C55 is grounded to filter out high-frequency glitches at the output; the second path is connected in series with the left end of R73, and the right end of R73 leads out to the SW_HALL signal node. The SW_HALL wiring is connected to the IO pin of the main control MCU to complete the output of the magnetic induction trigger signal. In static state, the permanent magnet 3 is far from SW2, and the magnetic field strength does not reach the activation threshold. The OUT pin of SW2 maintains the default level (usually high), and the SW_HALL signal node is at an idle level. When pressed, the pressing handle 2 moves the permanent magnet 3 close to SW2. When the magnetic field strength exceeds the trigger threshold, the internal switch of SW2 flips, the level of the OUT pin changes, and after being buffered by R73 and filtered and debounced by C55, the level of the SW_HALL signal node flips, and the main control MCU captures the button press. This magnetic micro-motion circuit module has no mechanical contact throughout the process, resulting in extremely low wear; the two filter capacitors C56 and C55 optimize the noise on the power supply side and the signal side respectively, providing excellent anti-electromagnetic interference capabilities; SW2 has built-in hysteresis characteristics, which can avoid back-and-forth jitter at the critical point.

[0049] The mechanical micro-switch circuit module includes the elastic conductive spring 4 and the stationary contact pad 6-2 in the mechanical triggering mechanism, which together constitute the mechanical micro-switch SW3. For example... Figure 5 As shown, the module also includes a signal output node SW3, which is used to transmit the mechanical button status to the main control MCU.

[0050] The connection is as follows: SW3 has two terminals, with pin 1 directly grounded to GND; pin 2 leads out the SW3 signal node, which is routed to the I / O port of the main control MCU. Pull-up is achieved using the built-in pull-up resistor of the main control MCU's I / O port: when the switch is open, the I / O remains high; when the switch is pressed and turned on, the signal line is pulled down to ground. In the static state, the elastic conductive spring 4 is disconnected from the stationary contact pad 6-2, the SW3 signal node is floating, and the internal pull-up of the main control MCU's I / O port keeps the SW3 signal node high, indicating the button is released. When pressed, the pressing handle 2 presses down the elastic conductive spring 4, the moving contact closes with the stationary contact pad 6-2, the SW3 signal node is directly connected to GND, the level is pulled low, and the main control MCU detects the button being pressed; after release, the contact opens, and the signal returns to high level. This mechanical micro-motion circuit module has a simple topology, few components, and low cost; and the static power consumption of the mechanical path is extremely low in sleep scenarios, making it suitable as a system wake-up path.

[0051] The three signal lines, namely the output terminal SW_IR of the optical micro-movement circuit module, the output terminal SW_HALL of the magnetic micro-movement circuit module, and the output terminal SW3 of the mechanical micro-movement circuit module, are independent of each other, the three wiring paths are not connected to each other, and are independently connected to three different IO pins of the main control MCU respectively. The main control MCU completes redundant logic judgment internally, that is, it is determined that the key is pressed when any one path of signal is valid. The three micro-movement modules share the unified ground plane of the circuit board 6 to achieve common ground, the power supplies between the modules are independent of each other, and are respectively powered by two independent power supplies VDD_IR and VDD_HALL, so there is no mutual power crosstalk. The three sets of circuits are independent of each other, when a single circuit fails, the remaining two circuits still work normally, which can improve the overall reliability of the key.

[0052] The above three sets of trigger mechanisms achieve a high degree of linkage and coordination through the design of the pressing handle 2. Specifically, the pressing handle 2 is configured to, during the downward movement stroke under one pressing operation, synchronously: drive the movable contact and the static contact pad 6-2 in the mechanical trigger mechanism to switch from an open state to a closed state; drive the optical path formed by the photoelectric pair tube 6-1 in the photoelectric trigger mechanism to switch from a conducting state to a blocking state; and drive the sensing intensity of the magnetic field of the permanent magnet 3 acting on the magnetic sensing chip 6-3 in the magnetic induction trigger mechanism to switch from below the threshold to above the threshold. This synchronization mechanism that realizes three responses through one pressing enables three independent key trigger signals to be generated simultaneously and collected independently by the circuit board 6.

[0053] In order to realize unified management and redundant processing of the three paths of trigger signals, the present microswitch further includes a circuit board 6, which is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the housing and carried by the lower cover 5. As Figure 1 shown, the signal contact of the mechanical trigger mechanism (i.e., the lead terminal of the static contact pad 6-2), the signal output end of the photoelectric trigger mechanism (i.e., the signal pin of the photoelectric pair tube 6-1), and the signal output end of the magnetic induction trigger mechanism (i.e., the output pin of the magnetic sensing chip 6-3) are all independently electrically connected to the circuit board 6, so that the circuit board 6 or the main control chip connected thereto can independently collect each path of trigger signals, so as to perform redundant judgment (such as logical OR judgment). This independent wiring method ensures that the three sets of mechanisms are completely electrically isolated, and any open circuit, short circuit or component failure in any one path will not affect the normal operation of the other two paths, realizing triple redundant backup.

[0054] In this embodiment, the circuit board 6 also integrates the core electronic components corresponding to the three mechanisms mentioned above: the static contact pad 6-2 of the mechanical trigger mechanism, the photoelectric pair 6-1 of the photoelectric trigger mechanism, and the magnetic induction chip 6-3 of the magnetic induction trigger mechanism. This highly integrated design consolidates the mechanical switch, photoelectric module, and magnetic sensing module—which traditionally required separate installations—into a single module, greatly simplifying the assembly process of end products (such as mice), reducing the number of internal components, shrinking the PCB footprint, and lowering the overall cost.

[0055] To address the battery life bottleneck of wireless devices, this micro switch utilizes a mechanical trigger mechanism to achieve a low-power wake-up function. Specifically, the mechanical trigger mechanism is designed as a normally open switch, with the contacts open when the push handle 2 is not pressed, resulting in almost zero static current. When the system enters a power-saving sleep mode, only the signal path of the mechanical trigger mechanism remains in an extremely low-power standby state, while the signal processing circuits of the photoelectric trigger mechanism and the magnetic induction trigger mechanism (such as the drive current of the infrared emitter and the scanning logic of the magnetic induction chip 6-3) are shut down or intermittently put into sleep mode. When the user presses the button, the mechanical trigger mechanism closes first, and the mechanical trigger signal it generates is captured by the system first. This signal is configured as a wake-up signal to immediately wake up the signal processing circuits of the photoelectric trigger mechanism and / or the magnetic induction trigger mechanism, which are in a low-power sleep state, restoring them to normal sampling operation to prepare for double confirmation of subsequent or current pressing actions. In this way, both ultra-long standby time of wireless devices and seamless high-precision contactless triggering during operation are ensured, achieving a balance between low power consumption and high performance.

[0056] Furthermore, to prevent signal jitter at the critical travel point during magnetic induction triggering, which could lead to false triggering of "double-clicks" or "double-clicks," the magnetic induction chip 6-3 in this embodiment is preferably a Hall switch chip integrating a hysteresis comparator circuit. This hysteresis comparator circuit creates a hysteresis between the on and off thresholds of the magnetic induction chip 6-3. Specifically, the output only flips when the magnetic field strength rises to a higher on threshold, and resets when the magnetic field strength drops to a lower off threshold. This characteristic avoids high-frequency oscillations at the critical point caused by vibration or incomplete pressing, ensuring the purity and stability of the magnetic induction trigger signal.

[0057] Example 2

[0058] This embodiment, based on Embodiment 1, features a redesigned optical path blocking component. In this embodiment, the optical path blocking component is a separately manufactured light-shielding part that is embedded or fitted onto the press handle 2. The light-shielding part includes a metal stamping part or an injection-molded black light-shielding sheet. This split design allows for flexible replacement of the light-shielding part to accommodate different wavelengths of light, or separate replacement after wear, reducing maintenance costs.

[0059] Meanwhile, the position of the light path blocking part is not limited to one side of the pressing handle 2. Depending on the layout of the circuit board 6, it is set at the center of the bottom of the pressing handle 2 or on the other side, so that it can be inserted into the light path of the photoelectric pair tube 6-1 as the pressing handle 2 moves down.

[0060] Example 3

[0061] This embodiment, based on Embodiment 1, provides multiple options for fixing the permanent magnet 3. This embodiment uses in-mold injection molding to integrally mold the permanent magnet 3 as an insert along with the press handle 2, completely encapsulating it within the material of the press handle 2. This results in a more secure fixation and prevents the permanent magnet 3 from loosening and falling off after prolonged pressing. In another possible design, welding, riveting, or snap-fit ​​fixing can also be used to fix the permanent magnet 3 to the side or bottom surface of the press handle 2, ensuring it moves synchronously with the press handle 2 and remains in a stable position. In this embodiment, the position of the magnetic induction chip 6-3 is not limited to directly below the permanent magnet 3; it can be located diagonally below or to the side of its movement path, ensuring that changes in the magnetic field can be effectively detected.

[0062] Example 4

[0063] This embodiment expands upon the fixing structure of the elastic conductive spring 4 in detail, based on Embodiment 1. In this embodiment, the elastic conductive spring 4 can be embedded at one end during the injection molding of the lower cover 5, or the lower cover 5 can have a slot where the end of the elastic conductive spring 4 is inserted and bent for secure fixing, or the end of the elastic conductive spring 4 can be pressed tightly onto the lower cover 5 using rivets or screws. The moving contact of the elastic conductive spring 4 can be hemispherical, ellipsoidal, or planar, while the surface of the stationary contact pad 6-2 can be plated with gold, silver, or other anti-oxidation treatments to improve conductivity reliability and service life.

[0064] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0065] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and do not constitute any limitation on this application. Any person skilled in the art can make many possible variations and modifications to the technical solution of this application, or modify it into equivalent embodiments, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made based on the shape, structure, and principle of this application without departing from the content of the technical solution of this application should be covered within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A micro switch combining mechanical, optical, and magnetic induction functions, comprising: A housing and a pressing handle (2), the pressing handle (2) being reciprocally slidably inserted through the housing; characterized in that the housing integrates: A mechanical triggering mechanism is used to realize the mechanical contact switch opening and closing under the drive of the pressing handle (2); A photoelectric triggering mechanism is used to realize the switching on and off of the optical path under the drive of the pressing handle (2); A magnetic induction triggering mechanism is used to realize the magnetic field induction switch opening and closing under the drive of the pressing handle (2); The mechanical triggering mechanism, the photoelectric triggering mechanism and the magnetic induction triggering mechanism are set independently of each other and are synchronously driven by the pressing handle (2) to generate independent button triggering signals respectively.

2. The three-in-one micro switch combining mechanical, optical, and magnetic induction functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mechanical triggering mechanism includes an elastic conductive spring (4), one end of which is fixed to the lower cover (5) of the housing, and the other end is a movable end with a moving contact; a circuit board (6) is provided with a stationary contact pad (6-2) corresponding to the position of the moving contact; when the pressing handle (2) descends, it squeezes the elastic conductive spring (4), so that the moving contact and the stationary contact pad (6-2) make contact and conduction.

3. The three-in-one micro switch combining mechanical, optical, and magnetic induction functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photoelectric triggering mechanism includes a photoelectric pair (6-1) consisting of an infrared emitting tube and an infrared receiving tube, and a light path blocking part fixed on the pressing handle (2); when the pressing handle (2) descends, the light path blocking part is inserted between the infrared emitting tube and the infrared receiving tube to block the light path.

4. The three-in-one micro switch combining mechanical, optical, and magnetic induction functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic induction triggering mechanism includes a permanent magnet (3) and a magnetic induction chip (6-3); the permanent magnet (3) is fixed on the pressing handle (2), and the magnetic induction chip (6-3) is fixed on a circuit board (6) and located on the movement path of the permanent magnet (3); when the pressing handle (2) descends, the permanent magnet (3) approaches the magnetic induction chip (6-3) to change the magnetic field strength and cause it to output a trigger signal.

5. The three-in-one micro switch combining mechanical, optical, and magnetic induction functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressing handle (2) is configured to synchronously: during the downward stroke caused by a single pressing: Drive at least one set of contacts in the mechanical triggering mechanism to switch from an open state to a closed state; The optical path in the photoelectric triggering mechanism is switched from the conducting state to the blocking state. as well as, The magnetic field sensing intensity in the magnetic induction triggering mechanism is switched from below a threshold to above a threshold.

6. The three-in-one micro switch combining mechanical, optical, and magnetic induction functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a circuit board (6), which is fixed to the bottom of the housing; the signal contacts of the mechanical triggering mechanism, the signal output terminal of the photoelectric triggering mechanism and the signal output terminal of the magnetic induction triggering mechanism are all independently electrically connected to the circuit board (6) so that the circuit board (6) can independently collect each trigger signal.

7. The three-in-one micro switch combining mechanical, optical, and magnetic induction functions according to claim 6, characterized in that: The circuit board (6) integrates the stationary contact pad (6-2) of the mechanical triggering mechanism, the photoelectric pair (6-1) of the photoelectric triggering mechanism, and the magnetic induction chip (6-3) of the magnetic induction triggering mechanism.

8. The three-in-one micro switch combining mechanical, optical, and magnetic induction functions according to claim 6, characterized in that: The mechanical triggering mechanism is a normally open switch, and the mechanical triggering signal it generates is configured to wake up the signal processing circuit of the photoelectric triggering mechanism and / or the magnetic induction triggering mechanism, which are in a low-power sleep state.

9. The three-in-one micro switch combining mechanical, optical, and magnetic induction functions according to claim 4, characterized in that: The magnetic induction chip (6-3) is a Hall switch chip, which integrates a hysteresis comparison circuit to avoid signal jitter at the critical stroke. The pressing handle (2) has a groove inside, and the permanent magnet (3) is embedded and fixed in the groove.

10. The three-in-one micro switch combining mechanical, optical, and magnetic induction functions according to claim 3, characterized in that: The light path blocking part is a baffle plate set on the pressing handle (2). The housing is formed by the upper cover (1) and the lower cover (5) being fastened together to form a closed structure. The pressing handle (2) passes vertically through the through hole reserved in the upper cover (1).

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