A method and system for constructing a focal caustic Airy beam codebook based on spatial correlation

Abstract

The application relates to a focal caustic Airy beam codebook construction method and system based on spatial correlation. The method first generates corresponding mother focal caustic Airy beams for different trajectory parameters, and calculates the spatial correlation between the mother focal caustic Airy beams. Then, a plurality of target trajectory parameter groups are screened according to the spatial correlation, and each trajectory parameter group corresponds to a beam cluster. For each target trajectory parameter group, the target mother focal caustic Airy beam corresponding to the target trajectory parameter group is uniformly angularly rotated to generate a plurality of code words in the corresponding beam cluster. Finally, a plurality of focal caustic Airy beam clusters are combined to form a focal caustic Airy beam codebook, so that the continuous coverage capability of a near-field region is improved by utilizing the characteristics of focal caustic Airy beam propagation along a continuous curved trajectory. The codebook constructed by the method has not only good spatial coverage performance, but also a regular code word organization structure, which is convenient for code word numbering, storage, beam scanning and subsequent hierarchical search.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a method and system for constructing a caustic Airy beam codebook based on spatial correlation. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of high-frequency communication technologies such as millimeter waves and terahertz waves, communication systems typically employ large-scale antenna arrays to compensate for the propagation loss of high-frequency signals and achieve higher beamforming gain. The increase in carrier frequency and the enlargement of the antenna array aperture lead to a significant expansion of the array's near-field region. Unlike plane wave propagation in the far field, near-field electromagnetic waves exhibit spherical wave characteristics. By applying appropriate phase modulation to each antenna element, energy focusing can be achieved simultaneously in both the angular and distance dimensions.

[0003] Existing near-field communication codebooks are primarily based on focused beamforming, which involves setting multiple discrete sampling points in the angular and distance dimensions of the target coverage area and generating corresponding beamforming codewords for each sampling point. Since the high-energy region of the focused beam is mainly concentrated near the preset focal point, multiple discrete focal points are typically required to cover a certain near-field area. Increasing the number of focal points improves coverage accuracy but also increases the codebook size, storage overhead, and codeword selection complexity. Therefore, the codebook size in practical systems is usually limited.

[0004] Caustic Airy beams can be controlled by adjusting the array aperture phase to allow the main lobe to propagate along a predetermined curved trajectory within a certain propagation range while maintaining energy concentration, thus exhibiting the characteristic of covering space along a continuous trajectory. Existing research mainly focuses on the trajectory design, array phase calculation, and obstacle-around transmission of caustic Airy beams. A systematic codebook construction method is lacking for near-field coverage, determining trajectory parameters based on the spatial correlation of the parent caustic Airy beam, and forming multiple beam clusters through angular rotation.

[0005] In summary, existing technologies have the following drawbacks: Firstly, continuous spatial coverage is difficult to achieve with a limited codebook size. Existing near-field focusing beam codebooks typically use multiple discrete focal points as the design target for codewords. The high-gain region of each focusing beam is mainly concentrated near the corresponding focal point. When the user's position deviates from the focal point, the received power may drop rapidly. With a limited codebook size, only a limited number of sampling points can be set in the angle and distance dimensions. There may be regions with low beam gain between adjacent discrete focal points, resulting in significant fluctuations in coverage performance within the target area depending on the user's position, making it difficult to achieve relatively continuous and stable near-field spatial coverage. Secondly, there is a lack of a systematic codebook construction method oriented towards the spatial characteristics of caustic Airy beams. The curvature, initial propagation trend, and spatial coverage position of caustic Airy beams can be controlled by corresponding trajectory parameters. Caustic Airy beams corresponding to different trajectory parameters have different array phase distributions and spatial radiation characteristics. If only simple equal-interval sampling is performed based on the numerical range of trajectory parameters, the resulting parameter intervals may not accurately characterize the differences in actual spatial radiation characteristics of different caustic Airy beams. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides a method and system for constructing a caustic Airy beam codebook based on spatial correlation. It aims to solve the problem that existing near-field communication codebooks are mainly constructed based on focused beams, which makes it difficult to achieve continuous spatial coverage when the codebook size is limited. The codebook constructed by this invention not only has good spatial coverage performance, but also has a regular codeword organization structure, which facilitates codeword numbering, storage, beam scanning and subsequent hierarchical search.

[0007] According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, a method for constructing a caustic Airy beamcodebook based on spatial correlation is provided, comprising the following steps: Acquire communication system parameters and environmental information, including the array parameters, carrier parameters, target coverage area, and actual environmental information of the communication system, and determine the curvature parameter range, initial slope parameter, and rotation angle range of the caustic Airy beam based on the communication system parameters and environmental information; Construct multiple candidate trajectory parameter sets, each candidate trajectory parameter set including candidate curvature parameters and their corresponding initial slope parameters; For each candidate trajectory parameter group, based on the corresponding preset trajectory and caustic formation principle, the phase of each antenna element in the linear antenna array is determined, and candidate parent caustic Airy beams and their beamforming vectors are generated. Based on the beamforming vectors corresponding to different candidate trajectory parameter sets, calculate the spatial correlation between candidate parent caustic Airy beams; An initial trajectory parameter set is selected from the candidate trajectory parameter set. Based on the obtained spatial correlation, the next target trajectory parameter set is determined along the preset trajectory parameter change direction. When the spatial correlation reaches a preset threshold, the corresponding trajectory parameter set is determined as the next target trajectory parameter set. The spatial correlation calculation and comparison process is repeated until the preset trajectory parameter range is covered. Uniform sampling of rotation angles within a preset rotation angle range; Regarding the first i The target trajectory parameter set is used to rotate the corresponding parent caustic Airy beam sequentially within a preset propagation plane according to a uniformly sampled rotation angle, generating the first target trajectory parameter set. i A cluster of caustic Airy beams; Multiple caustic Airy beam clusters are combined to form a caustic Airy beam codebook.

[0008] A further technical solution of the present invention is: based on the first n Coordinates of each antenna element The beamforming vector of the candidate parent caustic Airy beam is represented as: in, Indicates the candidate trajectory parameter set The corresponding number n The phase of each antenna element.

[0009] A further technical solution of the present invention is: for candidate trajectory parameter sets and The normalized spatial correlation between the corresponding parent caustic Airy beams is expressed as: in, , Candidate curvature parameters, , To match the candidate curvature parameters , The corresponding initial slope parameter, , To match the candidate trajectory parameter set , The beamforming vector of the corresponding candidate parent caustic Airy beam.

[0010] A further technical solution of the present invention is: within a preset rotation angle range Uniform sampling is performed on the rotation angle within the beam cluster, targeting a number of codewords within the beam cluster. At that time, the angle sampling interval is ,for , No. k The rotation angle is A uniform set of rotation angles is obtained. .

[0011] A further technical solution of the present invention is: the first i A caustic Airy beam cluster is represented as ,in, Represents the set of uniform rotation angles. Indicates the first k One rotation angle, , Represents the target trajectory parameter set The corresponding number N The phase of each antenna element, Indicates the first N The coordinates of each antenna element.

[0012] A further technical solution of the present invention is: when each caustic Airy beam cluster contains the same number of rotation angle codewords, the codebook is represented as follows: The total number of codewords in the constructed codebook is Each codeword uses a binary index. To identify, among which, i Indicates the number of the caustic Airy beam cluster. k Indicates the number of the rotation angle within the cluster.

[0013] According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, a caustic Airy beamcodebook construction system based on spatial correlation is provided, the system comprising: The parameter acquisition module is used to acquire communication system parameters and environmental information, including the array parameters, carrier parameters, target coverage area and actual environmental information of the communication system, and to determine the curvature parameter range, initial slope parameter and rotation angle range of the caustic Airy beam based on the communication system parameters and environmental information. The mother beam generation module is used to construct multiple candidate trajectory parameter sets, each candidate trajectory parameter set including candidate curvature parameters and their corresponding initial slope parameters; for each candidate trajectory parameter set, based on the corresponding preset trajectory and caustic formation principle, the phase of each antenna element in the linear antenna array is determined, and candidate mother caustic Airy beams and their beamforming vectors are generated. The correlation calculation module is used to calculate the spatial correlation between candidate parent caustic Airy beams based on the beamforming vectors corresponding to different candidate trajectory parameter sets. The parameter determination module is used to select an initial trajectory parameter group from the candidate trajectory parameter group, and use the correlation calculation module to calculate the spatial correlation between the corresponding parent caustic Airy beam and other candidate parent caustic Airy beams along the preset trajectory parameter change direction; when the spatial correlation reaches a preset threshold, the corresponding trajectory parameter group is determined as the next target trajectory parameter group, and the spatial correlation calculation and comparison process is repeated until the preset trajectory parameter range is covered. An angle sampling module is used to uniformly sample the rotation angle within a preset rotation angle range; Beam cluster generation module, used for targeting the first i The target trajectory parameter set is used to rotate the corresponding parent caustic Airy beam sequentially within a preset propagation plane according to a uniformly sampled rotation angle, generating the first target trajectory parameter set. i A cluster of caustic Airy beams; The codebook combination module is used to combine multiple caustic Airy beam clusters to form a caustic Airy beam codebook.

[0014] According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, an electronic device is provided, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the steps of the above-described spatial correlation-based caustic Airy beamcodebook construction method.

[0015] According to a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium is provided, wherein computer instructions are stored on the storage medium, and when executed by a processor, the instructions implement the steps of the above-described method for constructing a caustic Airy codebook based on spatial correlation.

[0016] The present invention provides a method, system, and medium for constructing a caustic Airy beamcodebook based on spatial correlation, which has at least the following advantages compared with the prior art: First, the present invention utilizes the characteristic of caustic Airy beams to maintain energy concentration along a continuous curved trajectory, which improves the continuous coverage capability of the near-field region with a limited codebook size compared to a focused beam codebook that only forms a high-gain near a discrete focus.

[0017] Second, the present invention determines the trajectory parameters corresponding to different beam clusters based on the spatial correlation between candidate parent caustic Airy beams, so that the selection of trajectory parameters matches the actual spatial radiation characteristics of the caustic Airy beams.

[0018] Third, each caustic Airy beam cluster in this invention consists of a set of trajectory parameters. Confirmed. Among them, the parameters... Used to adjust the curvature of the trajectory, parameters Used to adjust the initial slope of the trajectory, enabling the codebook to adapt to different target coverage areas, obstacle distributions, and desired propagation directions.

[0019] Fourth, the present invention employs uniform rotation angle sampling within each caustic Airy beam cluster, so that the codewords within the cluster have a regular angular arrangement relationship, which facilitates codeword numbering, codebook storage, beam scanning, hierarchical search, and hardware implementation.

[0020] Fifth, this invention combines the inter-cluster trajectory parameter determination method based on spatial correlation with the intra-cluster uniform angle sampling method, which can take into account both near-field continuous coverage capability and codebook structure regularity under a limited codebook size.

[0021] Sixth, the main embodiments of the present invention are applicable to linear antenna arrays and two-dimensional propagation planes. At the same time, the planar antenna array can add directional control phase or focusing phase in orthogonal directions to extend the beam pointing and area coverage in three-dimensional space.

[0022] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the caustic Airy beam codebook construction method based on spatial correlation in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the caustic Airy beam communication system in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the caustic Airy beam codebook construction system based on spatial correlation in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the average received power of users when different caustic Airy beam clusters are applied in the verification embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cumulative distribution function of user received power corresponding to the caustic Airy beam codebook provided in the verification embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the average spectral efficiency corresponding to the caustic Airy beamcodebook provided in the verification embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts relevant to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not the entire structure.

[0026] Before discussing the exemplary embodiments in more detail, it should be noted that some exemplary embodiments are described as processes or methods depicted as flowcharts. Although the flowcharts describe the steps as sequential processes, many of these steps can be performed in parallel, concurrently, or simultaneously. Furthermore, the order of the steps can be rearranged. The process can be terminated when its operation is complete, but may also have additional steps not included in the figures. The process can correspond to a method, function, procedure, subroutine, subroutine, etc.

[0027] This invention generates Airy beams that propagate along a preset curved trajectory based on the principle of caustics. First, corresponding parent caustic Airy beams are generated for different trajectory parameters, and the spatial correlation between these parent caustic Airy beams is calculated. Then, multiple target trajectory parameter groups are selected based on the spatial correlation, with each trajectory parameter group corresponding to a beam cluster. Finally, each parent caustic Airy beam is rotated at a uniform angle to generate multiple codewords within the corresponding beam cluster. This utilizes the characteristic of caustic Airy beams propagating along a continuous curved trajectory to improve continuous coverage in the near-field region.

[0028] Specifically, such as Figure 1 The diagram illustrates a method for constructing a caustic Airy beam codebook based on spatial correlation, comprising the following steps: S1. Obtain communication system parameters and environmental information, including the array parameters, carrier parameters, target coverage area and actual environmental information of the communication system, and determine the curvature parameter range, initial slope parameter and rotation angle range of the caustic Airy beam based on the communication system parameters and environmental information. S2. Construct multiple candidate trajectory parameter sets, each candidate trajectory parameter set including candidate curvature parameters and their corresponding initial slope parameters; for each candidate trajectory parameter set, determine the phase of each antenna element in the linear antenna array according to the corresponding preset trajectory and caustic formation principle, and generate candidate parent caustic Airy beams and their beamforming vectors. S3. Calculate the spatial correlation between candidate parent caustic Airy beams based on the beamforming vectors corresponding to different candidate trajectory parameter groups. S4. Select an initial trajectory parameter group from the candidate trajectory parameter group. Based on the obtained spatial correlation, determine the next target trajectory parameter group along the preset trajectory parameter change direction. When the spatial correlation reaches the preset threshold, determine the corresponding trajectory parameter group as the next target trajectory parameter group. Repeat the spatial correlation calculation and comparison process until the preset trajectory parameter range is covered. S5. Uniformly sample the rotation angle within the preset rotation angle range; S6, Regarding the first i The target trajectory parameter set is used to rotate the corresponding parent caustic Airy beam sequentially within a preset propagation plane according to a uniformly sampled rotation angle, generating the first target trajectory parameter set. i A cluster of caustic Airy beams; S7. Combine multiple caustic Airy beam clusters to form a caustic Airy beam codebook.

[0029] In the specific implementation of S1, the curvature parameter range is as follows: The rotation angle range is Initial slope parameter It can be a preset value, or one or more candidate values ​​can be determined according to the actual environment.

[0030] In the specific implementation of S2, the first The candidate trajectory parameter set is represented as ,in Candidate curvature parameters, The initial slope parameter is the one corresponding to the candidate curvature parameter.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the parent curvature trajectory of the caustic Airy beam within the preset propagation plane is a parabolic trajectory, represented as follows: ,in, z Indicates the coordinates of the main propagation direction of the beam. x This represents the horizontal coordinate within the preset propagation plane that is orthogonal to the main propagation direction.

[0032] The initial slope of the trajectory at the array reference position is: Therefore, parameters Parameters used to control the curvature and rate of curvature of the trajectory. Used to control the initial propagation trend of caustic Airy beams.

[0033] In another implementation, each candidate trajectory parameter group has the same initial slope parameter, i.e. In another implementation, different candidate trajectory parameter sets can have different initial slope parameters. The parameters The direction of propagation is determined based on the location of the target area, the location of obstacles, the desired obstacle avoidance direction, or the desired initial propagation direction.

[0034] For each candidate trajectory parameter group in S2 Based on the corresponding preset bending trajectory and the caustic formation principle, the phase of each antenna element in the linear antenna array is determined, and candidate parent caustic Airy beams are generated. Let the nth antenna element be located at coordinate... The beamforming vector of the candidate parent caustic Airy beam is represented as: in, Indicates the candidate trajectory parameter set The corresponding number n The phase of each antenna element.

[0035] The phase can be determined based on the envelope relationship between the preset curved trajectory and the array's emitted rays, so that the electromagnetic waves emitted by different antenna elements form a caustic Airy beam with the preset curved trajectory as the caustic line within the preset propagation plane. The parent caustic Airy beam corresponds to a reference rotation angle. In one embodiment, the reference rotation angle is... .

[0036] In the specific implementation of S3, the spatial correlation between candidate parent caustic Airy beams is calculated based on the parent caustic Airy beamforming vectors corresponding to different candidate trajectory parameter groups. For candidate trajectory parameter groups... and The normalized spatial correlation between the corresponding mother caustic Airy beams is expressed as follows: in, , Candidate curvature parameters, , To match the candidate curvature parameters , The corresponding initial slope parameter, , To match the candidate trajectory parameter set , The beamforming vector of the corresponding candidate parent caustic Airy beam.

[0037] When the parent caustic Airy beamforming vector has been normalized, the spatial correlation can be simplified to: The spatial correlation is used to characterize the similarity between two candidate parent caustic Airy beams in terms of array phase distribution and spatial radiation characteristics. When each candidate trajectory parameter group has the same parameters... At that time, the spatial correlation between the parent caustic Airy beams corresponding to different curvature parameters is expressed as follows: In the specific implementation of S4, multiple target trajectory parameter sets for constructing the codebook are determined based on the spatial correlation between candidate parent caustic Airy beams. Specifically, an initial trajectory parameter set can be selected first, and the spatial correlation between the corresponding parent caustic Airy beam and other candidate parent caustic Airy beams can be calculated along the preset trajectory parameter variation direction. When the spatial correlation decreases to a preset threshold, or reaches the first zero point, first local minimum point, or first main lobe boundary of the correlation function, the corresponding trajectory parameter set is determined as the next target trajectory parameter set. The above process is repeated until the preset trajectory parameter range is covered.

[0038] Each target trajectory parameter set corresponds to a parent caustic Airy beam, and further corresponds to a caustic Airy beam cluster. The set of target trajectory parameter sets is represented as follows: In one implementation, a preset correlation threshold is used. Select the target trajectory parameter set so that adjacent target parent caustic Airy beams satisfy the following conditions: .

[0039] With fixed initial slope parameters In this case, the curvature sampling set can be determined based on the spatial correlation between different curvature parameters. .

[0040] When there are multiple initial slope parameters At that time, it is possible to target each parameter Determine the corresponding curvature sampling set respectively At this point, the set of target trajectory parameters can be represented as Indicates optional The total number of items.

[0041] By selecting different caustic Airy beam clusters based on spatial correlation, redundant beam clusters with similar spatial radiation characteristics can be reduced, and the effective coverage capability of trajectory parameter space can be improved under the condition of limited codebook size.

[0042] In the specific implementation of S5, within the preset rotation angle range Uniform sampling is performed on the rotation angle within the cluster. When the number of codewords within the cluster is... At that time, the angle sampling interval is: for , No.k The rotation angle is This yields a set of uniform rotation angles. .

[0043] In another implementation, different caustic Airy beam clusters can be configured according to corresponding parameters. The effect of the achievable range of rotation angles is considered by using different angle ranges. For the first... i A cluster of caustic Airy beams, whose uniform angular sampling interval can be expressed as: The corresponding number k The rotation angle is .

[0044] Regardless of whether each caustic Airy beam cluster uses the same or different angle ranges, the rotation angle within each caustic Airy beam cluster is uniformly sampled.

[0045] In the specific implementation of S6, regarding the first i Target trajectory parameter set The corresponding parent caustic Airy beam is rotated sequentially within a preset propagation plane according to a uniformly sampled rotation angle to generate the first... i A caustic Airy beam cluster. When each beam cluster uses the same angle ensemble. At that time, the first i A caustic Airy beam cluster can be represented as in, Represents the target trajectory parameter set The corresponding number N The phase of each antenna element, Indicates the first N The coordinates of each antenna element.

[0046] Codewords within the same caustic Airy beam cluster have the same set of trajectory parameters. , and have different and uniformly distributed rotation angles. Therefore, the first i A beam cluster can be understood as a set of trajectory parameters. The determined parent caustic Airy beam generates a set of beamforming codewords by rotating at multiple uniform angles within a preset propagation plane.

[0047] In the specific implementation of S7, based on the caustic Airy beam clusters corresponding to multiple target trajectory parameter groups, a caustic Airy beam codebook composed of multiple beam clusters can be obtained. . The codebook represents the number of beam clusters in the codebook. When each beam cluster contains the same number of rotation angle codewords, the codebook is represented as follows: The total number of codewords in the constructed codebook is Each codeword can use a binary index. To identify, among which, i Indicates the number of the caustic Airy beam cluster. k Indicates the number of the rotation angle within the cluster.

[0048] In actual communication, beam training can be performed on all codewords in the constructed codebook, or candidate caustic Airy beam clusters can be determined first, and then angle codeword search can be performed within the candidate caustic Airy beam clusters.

[0049] The following are two specific examples of communication systems that use uniform linear antenna arrays and planar antenna arrays, respectively: The communication system employs a uniform linear antenna array, which is positioned along the x-axis within a preset propagation plane. The target coverage area is located on one side of the positive z-axis, and the caustic Airy beam propagates within the xz plane. In this embodiment, the parameters are... Set as The corresponding parent caustic Airy beam trajectory is: Under paraxial propagation conditions, the array phase of the corresponding parent caustic Airy beam can be expressed as: in, For wave number, The phase is an arbitrary constant.

[0050] For the two curvature parameters are respectively and The spatial correlation between the two parent caustic Airy beams can be expressed as follows: in d This indicates the spacing between adjacent antennas.

[0051] As can be seen from the above correlations, the correlation between the parent caustic Airy beams mainly depends on Therefore, transformation curvature parameters can be defined. The sampling interval in the transform curvature domain is determined based on the first main lobe width, the first local minimum point, or a preset correlation threshold of the spatial correlation function. Therefore, the first i The curvature parameter can be expressed as: For each curvature parameter According to the uniform angle set It can generate corresponding caustic Airy beam clusters And finally, the following caustic Airy beam codebook was obtained. It should be noted that this implementation method will Setting it to zero is merely to illustrate one specific implementation of the invention and does not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the invention. In other embodiments, the parameter... The parameters can be set to non-zero values ​​based on the target coverage area, obstacle distribution, desired initial beam propagation direction, or beam obstacle avoidance requirements. Different caustic Airy beam clusters can use the same or different parameters. .

[0052] In another example, the communication system employs a planar antenna array. The planar antenna array includes multiple antenna elements arranged along a first aperture direction and a second aperture direction. A phase distribution for generating a caustic Airy beam is applied along the first aperture direction, causing the beam to propagate along a curved trajectory within a predetermined propagation plane. A direction control phase or focusing phase is applied along the second aperture direction, orthogonal to the first aperture direction, to adjust the spatial pointing of the caustic Airy beam in three-dimensional space.

[0053] Let the aperture coordinates of the antenna elements in the planar antenna array be... Its phase can be expressed as in, The phase used to generate a caustic Airy beam within a preset propagation plane, An auxiliary phase used to control the spatial orientation of orthogonal directions. These are angle parameters or focusing parameters for orthogonal directions.

[0054] When direction control phase is used, the auxiliary phase can be expressed as: The corresponding three-dimensional codeword can be represented as Therefore, while maintaining the bending propagation characteristics within the preset propagation plane, the direction of the caustic Airy beam can be adjusted in three-dimensional space.

[0055] The three-dimensional extension method does not limit the caustic Airy beam to propagate along any three-dimensional curve. Instead, it achieves three-dimensional spatial coverage by forming a two-dimensional curved trajectory within a preset propagation plane and controlling or focusing the angle in the orthogonal direction.

[0056] Another embodiment provides a spatially correlated caustic Airy beamcodebook construction system, the system 300 comprising: The parameter acquisition module 310 is used to acquire communication system parameters and environmental information, including the array parameters, carrier parameters, target coverage area and actual environmental information of the communication system, and to determine the curvature parameter range, initial slope parameter and rotation angle range of the caustic Airy beam based on the communication system parameters and environmental information. The mother beam generation module 320 is used to construct multiple candidate trajectory parameter groups, each candidate trajectory parameter group including candidate curvature parameters and their corresponding initial slope parameters; for each candidate trajectory parameter group, according to the corresponding preset trajectory and caustic formation principle, the phase of each antenna element in the linear antenna array is determined, and candidate mother caustic Airy beams and their beamforming vectors are generated. The correlation calculation module 330 is used to calculate the spatial correlation between candidate parent caustic Airy beams based on the beamforming vectors corresponding to different candidate trajectory parameter groups. The parameter determination module 340 is used to select an initial trajectory parameter group from the candidate trajectory parameter group, and use the correlation calculation module to calculate the spatial correlation between the corresponding parent caustic Airy beam and other candidate parent caustic Airy beams along the preset trajectory parameter change direction; when the spatial correlation reaches a preset threshold, the corresponding trajectory parameter group is determined as the next target trajectory parameter group, and the spatial correlation calculation and comparison process is repeated until the preset trajectory parameter range is covered; An angle sampling module 350 is used to uniformly sample the rotation angle within a preset rotation angle range; Beam cluster generation module 360, used for targeting the first i The target trajectory parameter set is used to rotate the corresponding parent caustic Airy beam sequentially within a preset propagation plane according to a uniformly sampled rotation angle, generating the first target trajectory parameter set. i A cluster of caustic Airy beams; The codebook combination module 370 is used to combine multiple caustic Airy beam clusters to form a caustic Airy beam codebook.

[0057] In addition to the modules described above, the spatial correlation-based caustic Airy beamcodebook construction system 300 may also include other components; however, since these components are not relevant to the embodiments of this disclosure, their illustrations and descriptions are omitted here.

[0058] Other specific working processes of constructing spatially correlated caustic Airy beamcodebooks using the aforementioned spatially correlated caustic Airy beamcodebook construction system 300 are described in the above-described embodiment of the spatially correlated caustic Airy beamcodebook construction method and will not be repeated here.

[0059] Another embodiment illustrating that the system of the present invention can also be achieved by means of... Figure 4 The architecture of the computing device shown is used to implement this. Figure 4The architecture of the computing device is shown. For example... Figure 4 As shown, it includes a computer system 410, a system bus 430, one or more CPUs 440, input / output 420, and a memory 450. The memory 450 may store various data or files used by the computer for processing and / or communication, as well as program instructions executed by the CPU, including a spatial correlation-based caustic Airy beamcodebook construction method. Figure 4 The architecture shown is merely exemplary and should be adjusted according to actual needs when implementing different devices. Figure 4 One or more components are included. The memory 450, as a computer-readable storage medium, can be used to store software programs, computer-executable programs, and modules, such as the program instructions / modules corresponding to the spatial correlation-based caustic Airy beamcodebook construction method described above in this embodiment of the invention. One or more CPUs 440 execute various functional applications and data processing of the system of the present invention by running the software programs, instructions, and modules stored in the memory 450.

[0060] Of course, the server provided in the embodiments of the present invention is not limited to executing the method operations described above, but can also execute the related operations in the above-described method for constructing caustic Airy beamcodebooks based on spatial correlation provided in any embodiment of the present invention.

[0061] The memory 450 may primarily include a program storage area and a data storage area. The program storage area may store the operating system and applications required for at least one function; the data storage area may store data created based on terminal usage. Furthermore, the memory 450 may include high-speed random access memory and non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-volatile solid-state storage device. In some instances, the memory 450 may further include memory remotely configured relative to one or more CPUs 440, these remote memories being connected to the device via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the Internet, intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.

[0062] Input / output 420 can be used to receive input digital or character information, and to generate key signal inputs related to user settings and function control of the device. Input / output 420 may also include a display device such as a display screen.

[0063] This invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon. When executed by a processor, this computer program implements the spatial correlation-based caustic Airy beamcodebook construction method described in the above embodiments. The computer-readable storage medium of this invention can be any combination of one or more computer-readable media. A computer-readable medium can be a computer-readable signal medium or a computer-readable storage medium. A computer-readable storage medium can be, for example, but not limited to, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any combination thereof. More specific examples of computer-readable storage media (a non-exhaustive list) include: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage device, magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination thereof. In this document, a computer-readable storage medium can be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0064] Computer-readable signal media may include data signals propagated in baseband or as part of a carrier wave, carrying computer-readable program code. Such propagated data signals may take various forms, including but not limited to electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or any suitable combination thereof. Computer-readable signal media may also be any computer-readable medium other than computer-readable storage media, capable of sending, propagating, or transmitting programs for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0065] The program code contained on the storage medium can be transmitted using any suitable medium, including but not limited to wireless, wire, optical fiber, RF, etc., or any suitable combination thereof.

[0066] Furthermore, other specific operating procedures of a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium are described in the above-described embodiment of the spatial correlation-based caustic Airy beam codebook construction method, and will not be repeated here.

[0067] To verify the effectiveness of the method of this invention, a verification experiment was conducted. The simulation experiment was conducted in a near-field communication scenario, with the carrier frequency set to 30 GHz, the base station configured with a uniform linear array with an aperture length of 1 m, and the angular range of the target coverage area being [missing information]. That is, the total coverage angle is In this embodiment, the initial slope parameter of the caustic Airy beam is set to... . Figure 5The average received power of caustic Airy beam clusters with different curvature parameters was evaluated as a function of transmission distance within the fan-shaped coverage area. Each beam cluster maintained relatively stable received power within a certain distance range; however, due to the limited array aperture, the received power decreased significantly beyond the effective non-diffraction propagation range. A larger curvature parameter resulted in higher received power at close range but a shorter stable coverage area; conversely, a smaller curvature parameter yielded greater coverage depth but relatively lower received power. Figure 6 and Figure 7 The cumulative distribution function of user received power and the average spectral efficiency are shown for the caustic Airy beamcodebook within a sector region with a depth range of [3, 20] m. , The results show that, compared with focused beamcodebooks and directional beamcodebooks, caustic Airy beamcodebooks can reduce the proportion of low-receive-power regions and achieve higher average spectral efficiency at different transmit powers, indicating that they can improve near-field continuous coverage with a limited codebook size.

[0068] In this document, the terms “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a step or method that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such a step or method.

[0069] The above description, in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, provides a further detailed explanation of the present invention. It should not be construed that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art, various simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and all such modifications and substitutions should be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for constructing a caustic Airy beamcodebook based on spatial correlation, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Acquire communication system parameters and environmental information, including the array parameters, carrier parameters, target coverage area, and actual environmental information of the communication system, and determine the curvature parameter range, initial slope parameter, and rotation angle range of the caustic Airy beam based on the communication system parameters and environmental information; Construct multiple candidate trajectory parameter sets, each candidate trajectory parameter set including candidate curvature parameters and their corresponding initial slope parameters; For each candidate trajectory parameter group, based on the corresponding preset trajectory and caustic formation principle, the phase of each antenna element in the linear antenna array is determined, and candidate parent caustic Airy beams and their beamforming vectors are generated. Based on the beamforming vectors corresponding to different candidate trajectory parameter sets, calculate the spatial correlation between candidate parent caustic Airy beams; Select an initial trajectory parameter set from the candidate trajectory parameter set, and determine the next target trajectory parameter set according to the obtained spatial correlation along the preset trajectory parameter change direction; When the spatial correlation reaches a preset threshold, the corresponding trajectory parameter group is determined as the next target trajectory parameter group, and the spatial correlation calculation and comparison process is repeated until the preset trajectory parameter range is covered. Uniform sampling of rotation angles within a preset rotation angle range; Regarding the first i The target trajectory parameter set is used to rotate the corresponding parent caustic Airy beam sequentially within a preset propagation plane according to a uniformly sampled rotation angle, generating the first target trajectory parameter set. i A cluster of caustic Airy beams; Multiple caustic Airy beam clusters are combined to form a caustic Airy beam codebook.

2. The method for constructing a caustic Airy beamcodebook based on spatial correlation according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the n Coordinates of each antenna element The beamforming vector of the candidate parent caustic Airy beam is represented as: in, N This represents the total number of antenna elements, and T represents the vector transpose. Indicates the relationship with candidate trajectory parameter set The corresponding number n The phase of each antenna element.

3. The method for constructing a caustic Airy beamcodebook based on spatial correlation according to claim 1, characterized in that, For candidate trajectory parameter sets and The normalized spatial correlation between the corresponding parent caustic Airy beams is expressed as: in, , Candidate curvature parameters, , To match the candidate curvature parameters , The corresponding initial slope parameter, , To match the candidate trajectory parameter set , The beamforming vector of the corresponding candidate parent caustic Airy beam.

4. The method for constructing a caustic Airy beamcodebook based on spatial correlation according to claim 1, characterized in that, Within the preset rotation angle range Uniform sampling is performed on the rotation angle within the beam cluster, targeting a number of codewords within the beam cluster. At that time, the angle sampling interval is ,for , No. k The rotation angle is A uniform set of rotation angles is obtained. .

5. The method for constructing a caustic Airy beamcodebook based on spatial correlation according to claim 4, characterized in that, No. i A caustic Airy beam cluster is represented as ,in, Represents the set of uniform rotation angles. Indicates the first k One rotation angle, , Represents the target trajectory parameter set The corresponding number N The phase of each antenna element, Indicates the first N The coordinates of each antenna element.

6. The method for constructing a caustic Airy beamcodebook based on spatial correlation according to claim 5, characterized in that, When each caustic Airy beam cluster contains the same number of rotation angle codewords, the codebook is represented as follows: The total number of codewords in the constructed codebook is , The codeword represents the number of beam clusters in the codebook, and each codeword uses a binary index. To identify, among which, i This indicates the caustic Airy beam cluster number, which corresponds to the caustic Airy beam cluster number. k Indicates the number of the rotation angle within the cluster.

7. A caustic Airy beamcodebook construction system based on spatial correlation, characterized in that, The system includes: The parameter acquisition module is used to acquire communication system parameters and environmental information, including the array parameters, carrier parameters, target coverage area and actual environmental information of the communication system, and to determine the curvature parameter range, initial slope parameter and rotation angle range of the caustic Airy beam based on the communication system parameters and environmental information. The mother beam generation module is used to construct multiple candidate trajectory parameter sets, each candidate trajectory parameter set including candidate curvature parameters and their corresponding initial slope parameters; for each candidate trajectory parameter set, based on the corresponding preset trajectory and caustic formation principle, the phase of each antenna element in the linear antenna array is determined, and candidate mother caustic Airy beams and their beamforming vectors are generated. The correlation calculation module is used to calculate the spatial correlation between candidate parent caustic Airy beams based on the beamforming vectors corresponding to different candidate trajectory parameter sets. The parameter determination module is used to select an initial trajectory parameter group from the candidate trajectory parameter group, and use the correlation calculation module to calculate the spatial correlation between the corresponding parent caustic Airy beam and other candidate parent caustic Airy beams along the preset trajectory parameter change direction; when the spatial correlation reaches a preset threshold, the corresponding trajectory parameter group is determined as the next target trajectory parameter group, and the spatial correlation calculation and comparison process is repeated until the preset trajectory parameter range is covered. An angle sampling module is used to uniformly sample the rotation angle within a preset rotation angle range; Beam cluster generation module, used for targeting the first i The target trajectory parameter set is used to rotate the corresponding parent caustic Airy beam sequentially within a preset propagation plane according to a uniformly sampled rotation angle, generating the first target trajectory parameter set. i A cluster of caustic Airy beams; The codebook combination module is used to combine multiple caustic Airy beam clusters to form a caustic Airy beam codebook.

8. A communication device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the spatial correlation-based caustic Airy beamcodebook construction method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, wherein computer instructions are stored on the storage medium, characterized in that, When the computer instructions are executed by the processor, they implement the steps of the spatial correlation-based caustic Airy beamcodebook construction method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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