Reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer and spectrum tracking system and method

Abstract

The application provides a reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer and a spectrum tracking system and method, and applies to the technical field of networks, and comprises: application to the reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer, the reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer is internally provided with a spectrum detection device, the spectrum detection device comprises a beam splitter, an optical signal monitoring module and a data acquisition and calculation processing unit; through the beam splitter, a fixed proportion of optical signals is tapped from a combined wave signal transmitted from a main link as a monitoring branch signal; through the optical signal monitoring module, wavelength selection, coupling calibration and photoelectric conversion are carried out on the monitoring branch signal, and an analog electric signal is output; through the data acquisition and calculation processing unit, the analog electric signal is converted into a digital signal, and key spectrum indexes are calculated according to the digital signal, so that the spectrum detection device is integrated in the reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer to perform online detection on the main link optical signal, the real-time state of the optical signal is judged, and the problems of large volume and high cost of introducing external equipment are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of network technology, and in particular to reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexers and spectral tracking systems and methods. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, in optical networks, the reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer (ROADM) is the core device for realizing dynamic wavelength scheduling. When it is necessary to monitor the optical signal, an external spectrum analyzer or optical power meter is generally used to monitor the optical signal.

[0003] However, external spectrometers are bulky and expensive, making them difficult to integrate into devices and unable to meet the needs of real-time monitoring. While optical power meters can be integrated, their function is limited to the acquisition and feedback of optical power, and they cannot provide key spectral characteristic information, such as optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR), center wavelength, and spectral shape, making it difficult to support the refined operation and maintenance of optical networks. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, a reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer and spectral tracking system and method are proposed to overcome or at least partially solve the above problems, including: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer, wherein the reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer has a built-in spectral detection device, the spectral detection device including a beam splitter, an optical signal monitoring module, and a data acquisition and processing unit; The beam splitter is deployed in the main link between the multiplexer output and the post-amplifier input of the reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer. The beam splitter is used to split a fixed proportion of optical signal from the multiplexed signal transmitted from the main link as a monitoring branch signal. The optical signal monitoring module is connected to the output terminal of the beam splitter. The optical signal monitoring module is used to perform wavelength selection, coupling calibration and photoelectric conversion on the monitoring branch signal, and output an analog electrical signal. The data acquisition and processing unit is connected to the output of the optical signal monitoring module. The data acquisition and processing unit is used to convert the analog electrical signal into a digital signal and calculate key spectral indicators based on the digital signal.

[0005] Optionally, the optical signal monitoring module includes a wavelength selective switch or wavelength selective switch array, a precision link, and a miniature detection unit; The wavelength selection switch or wavelength selection switch array is connected to the monitoring branch signal link output by the beam splitter. The wavelength selection switch or wavelength selection switch array is used to select the wavelength of the monitoring branch signal according to the monitoring requirements and filter the target monitoring optical signal. The precision link is deployed between the wavelength selective switch or wavelength selective switch array and the micro detection unit, and the precision link is used to couple and calibrate the target monitoring optical signal. The micro-detection unit is connected to the output end of the precision link, and the micro-detection unit is used to convert the coupled and calibrated target monitoring optical signal into an analog electrical signal.

[0006] Optionally, wavelength selection is performed on the monitoring branch signals according to monitoring requirements to filter target monitoring optical signals, including: When the monitoring requirement is full-channel scanning monitoring mode, all wavelength channels in the monitoring branch signal are selected in turn and the optical signal of each wavelength channel is output as the target monitoring optical signal. When the monitoring requirement is a specific channel monitoring mode, the optical signal of a specified single wavelength channel or a specified wavelength group is selected from the monitoring branch signal as the target monitoring optical signal.

[0007] Optionally, the target monitoring optical signal is coupled and calibrated, including compensating for the optical power loss and phase deviation generated during beam splitting, transmission and wavelength selection of the target monitoring optical signal.

[0008] Optionally, the key spectral indicators include any one or more of the following: center wavelength, optical signal-to-noise ratio, and power spectral density.

[0009] Secondly, the present invention provides a spectral tracking system, the spectral tracking system comprising: Multiple reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexers as described above; The network management system is communicatively connected to the reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer. The network management system is used to identify optical signal anomalies based on key spectral indicators uploaded by multiple reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexers, generate decision schemes based on the optical signal anomalies, generate execution instructions based on the decision schemes, and send the execution instructions to the corresponding reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexers.

[0010] Optionally, the network management system is also used to: visualize and trigger anomaly alarms based on the key spectral indicators.

[0011] Optionally, the network management system adopts a distributed hierarchical architecture; the network management system includes regional network management systems and a central network management system; the regional network management systems are deployed at the core nodes of each regional network, and the central network management system is deployed at the network control center.

[0012] Optionally, the abnormal characteristics of the optical signal include any one or more of the following: excessive center wavelength shift, decreased optical signal-to-noise ratio, and abnormal power spectrum; The decision-making options include one or more of the following: Wavelength reconstruction, amplifier gain adjustment, fault port switching.

[0013] Thirdly, the present invention provides a spectral tracking method applied to a reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer, wherein the reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer has a built-in spectral detection device, which includes a beam splitter, an optical signal monitoring module, and a data acquisition and processing unit. The beam splitter is deployed in the main link between the multiplexer output and the post-amplifier input of the reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer. The optical signal monitoring module is connected to the output of the beam splitter, and the data acquisition and processing unit is connected to the output of the optical signal monitoring module. The method includes: The beam splitter separates a fixed proportion of optical signals from the multiplexed signal transmitted through the main link to serve as monitoring branch signals. The optical signal monitoring module performs wavelength selection, coupling calibration, and photoelectric conversion on the monitored branch signal to output an analog electrical signal. The data acquisition and processing unit converts the analog electrical signal into a digital signal and calculates key spectral indicators based on the digital signal.

[0014] The embodiments of the present invention have the following advantages: In this embodiment of the invention, the technology is applied to a reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer (OLD). The OLD incorporates a spectral detection device, which includes a beam splitter, an optical signal monitoring module, and a data acquisition and processing unit. The beam splitter separates a fixed proportion of optical signals from the multiplexed signal transmitted in the main link as monitoring branch signals. The optical signal monitoring module performs wavelength selection, coupling calibration, and photoelectric conversion on the monitoring branch signals, outputting an analog electrical signal. The data acquisition and processing unit converts the analog electrical signal into a digital signal and calculates key spectral indicators based on the digital signal. This integrates the spectral detection device into the OLD to perform online detection of the main link optical signal, using key spectral indicators to determine the real-time status of the optical signal, thus avoiding the problems of large size and high cost associated with external equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer provided in some embodiments of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an optical signal processing link for a reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer provided in some embodiments of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of another reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer optical signal processing link provided in some embodiments of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the signal processing link of a spectral detection device provided in some embodiments of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the communication connection between a network management system and a reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer device, provided in some embodiments of the present invention. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the data interaction between a spectral detection device and a network management system according to some embodiments of the present invention; Figure 7 This is an architecture diagram of a spectral tracking system provided in some embodiments of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a flowchart of the steps of a spectral tracking method provided in some embodiments of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Currently, with the rapid development of services such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and artificial intelligence (AI) computing networks, optical transmission networks are evolving towards higher speeds, larger capacities, lower latency, and higher reliability. Reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexers (RDBMLs), as core devices for dynamic and flexible scheduling in optical networks, face the following challenges in practical applications: First, the complexity of operation and maintenance increases significantly. Multi-dimensional reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexers cause the service transmission path to be in a dynamic state of change, and the fault location method that relies on manual operation and test instruments is relatively cumbersome and time-consuming, making it difficult to meet the time requirements for rapid service recovery.

[0019] Second, optical signal performance degradation is difficult to detect effectively. The wavelength selective switches (WSS) cascaded in reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexers produce a filtering accumulation effect, causing out-of-band optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) measurement methods to fail. Meanwhile, accurate in-band OSNR measurement, which accurately reflects signal quality, currently relies on bulky and expensive external test instruments, which cannot provide real-time online continuous monitoring.

[0020] Third, the fault location accuracy is insufficient. Currently, alarm information can only be provided at the optical power level, and it is impossible to accurately locate the fault to a specific transmission port or functional sub-unit. For example, there is a lack of effective basis for judging whether the fault occurred in the through-path, the uplink port, or the downlink port.

[0021] Fourth, it lacks predictive maintenance capabilities. It cannot perform early identification and trend warnings for gradual performance degradation, such as gradual wavelength drift in lasers and slow shift in filter passbands.

[0022] In related technologies, while external optical spectrometers (OSA) can provide relatively rich spectral information, they are bulky, expensive, and cannot meet the needs of real-time monitoring. Some reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer systems use optical power meters or external optical spectrometers to monitor optical signals. These methods also suffer from the problems of large equipment size, high cost, and slow response speed, and cannot achieve real-time integrated monitoring.

[0023] Secondly, in high-dimensional, multi-wavelength channel wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) systems, external devices struggle to continuously and accurately track the spectral characteristics of each wavelength channel in real time, and cannot achieve on-chip integration with reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer devices, thus limiting further improvements in system intelligence and automation capabilities.

[0024] Furthermore, some optical power monitoring (OPM) methods cannot distinguish the optical power distribution of different wavelength channels, making it difficult to accurately assess the actual performance of each channel when noise and signal are superimposed. In wide-spectrum applications such as C+L bands, the addition of an external spectrometer will introduce additional insertion loss and light reflection, adversely affecting the system's transmission performance.

[0025] Based on this, this invention proposes to achieve distributed real-time monitoring of optical signals within the node by deeply integrating miniature spectral sensing units into key optical path positions in the reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer node. This solves the problems of traditional external monitoring devices being bulky, costly, and unable to perform real-time online monitoring. Through innovative algorithms, it achieves in-band optical signal-to-noise ratio measurement and high-precision spectral reconstruction without relying on expensive hardware, thus replacing benchtop instruments. This solves the problems of out-of-band optical signal-to-noise ratio measurement methods failing due to filtering effects and in-band optical signal-to-noise ratio measurement relying on expensive external instruments.

[0026] This invention, through the fusion and correlation analysis of spectral data from multiple monitoring points, locates faults in specific channels, thereby pinpointing the location of physical hardware, such as lasers or optical fibers. This solves the problem that coarse-grained alarms at the node level cannot accurately locate faults to specific ports or functional subunits. By responding to dynamic changes in the network and enabling early prediction and warning of performance degradation trends, it provides support for network self-optimization and self-healing, solving the problem of the inability to identify and warn of progressive faults in their early stages.

[0027] Specifically, this invention integrates a miniature spectral detection device within a reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer and combines it with a high-precision adaptive spectral tracking algorithm to achieve high-precision acquisition and dynamic tracking of the spectral characteristics (such as optical signal-to-noise ratio, center wavelength shift, spectral shape, etc.) of multi-directional and multi-wavelength optical signals. This provides data support for optical network fault location and performance optimization, and constructs an intelligent operation and maintenance closed loop of monitoring, analysis, decision-making, and execution.

[0028] Reference Figure 1 The diagram shows a structural diagram of a reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer provided in some embodiments of the present invention. The reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer 10 has a built-in spectral detection device 101, which includes a beam splitter 1011, an optical signal monitoring module 1012, and a data acquisition and processing unit 1013.

[0029] In some examples, reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexers (OPDs) can be core scheduling devices in optical transport networks. OPDs can utilize components such as wavelength selection switches to enable uplink, downlink, pass-through, and directional scheduling of multi-wavelength optical signals. OPDs can also support dynamic reconfiguration of network services.

[0030] like Figure 2 As shown, the core functional modules of the reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer (ODM) device can adopt a modular architecture design, with each component deployed sequentially according to the signal flow direction to form a complete optical signal processing and scheduling link. This link includes, in sequence along the signal transmission direction, PA (Pre-amplifier), Demux (Demultiplexer), line-direction WWS (wavelength selection switch), local dimension WWS, up-and-down WWS, Mux (Multiplexer), and BA (BoosterAmplifier).

[0031] The preamplifier (PA) is configured for each input line. This component is directly connected to the optical signal link of the input line and pre-amplifies the input optical signal. Its function is to compensate for the link loss generated during long-distance transmission of the optical signal and the power attenuation before the subsequent wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) stage, ensuring that the optical signal power entering the WDM reaches the preset processing threshold, thus providing a signal basis for the independent scheduling of each wavelength after WDM.

[0032] The demultiplexer (Demux) is directly connected to the output of the preamplifier and receives the pre-amplified optical signal. This component has wavelength separation capability, which can separate the input multi-wavelength combined signal into multiple single-wavelength optical signals. Each single-wavelength signal corresponds to an independent processing branch, providing a basis for subsequent flexible scheduling (uplink, downlink, pass-through) of each wavelength through wavelength selection switches.

[0033] The line-direction WWS is deployed between the demultiplexer and the multiplexer, with its input corresponding one-to-one with the single-wavelength signal branch output by the demultiplexer. This component has the ability to decouple wavelength from transmission direction, and can schedule optical signals of specific wavelengths to different output line directions or local service dimensions according to network service requirements, realizing dynamic reconstruction of optical channels between different lines and meeting multi-directional transmission needs.

[0034] Among them, the local dimension WWS: The local dimension WWS serves as a component for interaction between the reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer (OLLD) device and the local service side. One end connects to the optical signal tributary output by the WWS in the line direction, and the other end connects to the local service equipment. Its main function is to realize the access and stripping of local service optical signals, that is, to receive the optical signals output by the local service equipment (uplink) and dispatch them to the target transmission line, while guiding the optical signals that need to be downlinked to the local area in the transmission line (downlink) to the local service equipment.

[0035] Among them, the wavelength uplink / downlink WWS works in conjunction with the local dimension WWS to be responsible for wavelength uplink / downlink scheduling of local service optical signals. Through its linkage with the local dimension WWS, this component can filter and schedule local service signals of specific wavelengths to adapt to different bandwidth and different types of local service requirements.

[0036] The multiplexer (Mux) connects simultaneously to the pass-through optical signal branch output from the WWS in the line direction and the uplink optical signal branch output from the WWS in the local dimension. This component has the capability of multi-wavelength signal combining, which can recombine all the scheduled single-wavelength optical signals into a single multi-wavelength combined signal for transmission through a single optical fiber.

[0037] The post-amplifier (BA) is positioned between the output of the multiplexer and the output line of the device. It receives the multi-wavelength multiplexed signal synthesized by the multiplexer. Its function is to amplify the power of the multiplexed signal, compensate for the power loss during the multiplexing process, and ensure that the optical signal output to the line has sufficient transmission power to guarantee the stability of the optical signal in subsequent long-distance transmission.

[0038] In some examples, a spectral detection device can be a collection of functional modules that detect the spectral characteristics of an optical signal.

[0039] In practical applications, the spectral detection device can acquire the monitoring branch optical signal from the main link of the reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer, perform optical domain processing and photoelectric conversion on the monitoring branch optical signal, and perform digital calculation on the converted electrical signal to output key spectral indicators.

[0040] like Figure 3 As shown, an integrated miniature spectral detection device can be built into the reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer (OLD) as a built-in functional module, working in conjunction with the core functional module of the OLD to achieve interference-free monitoring of optical signals. The miniature spectral detection device deploys beamsplitters in the main link between the multiplexer output and the post-amplifier input of each output line. Each beamsplitter branches a fixed proportion of the monitoring branch signal from its corresponding main link and sends it to the built-in optical signal monitoring module for signal processing, detection, and analysis.

[0041] Specifically, the spectral detection device 101 may include: The beam splitter 1011 is deployed in the main link between the multiplexer output and the post-amplifier input of the reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer. The beam splitter is used to split a fixed proportion of optical signals from the multiplexed signals transmitted from the main link as monitoring branch signals.

[0042] In some examples, a beam splitter can be a component with beam splitting capabilities. A beam splitter can divide an input optical signal into two output optical signals at a fixed ratio. A beam splitter can be deployed in an optical link to divert a portion of the optical signal from the main link as a monitoring tributary signal. A beam splitter can also be embedded in an optical link, allowing the remaining optical signal in the main link to continue transmission along the original path.

[0043] In some examples, the multiplexer can be a wavelength combining component in a reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer. The input of the multiplexer can be simultaneously connected to both a pass-through optical signal branch and an uplink optical signal branch. The multiplexer can recombine multiple single-wavelength optical signals after scheduling into a single multi-wavelength multiplexed signal. The multiplexed signal output by the multiplexer can be transmitted over a single optical fiber.

[0044] In practical applications, a multiplexer can receive the pass-through optical signal branch output from the line direction wavelength selection switch and the uplink optical signal branch output from the local dimension wavelength selection switch, combining the single-wavelength optical signals into a single multiplexed signal containing all wavelength channels.

[0045] In some examples, the post-amplifier can be an optical amplification component deployed after the multiplexer. The post-amplifier receives the multiplexed signal output from the multiplexer and amplifies its power. The post-amplifier can compensate for power losses during the multiplexing process. The post-amplifier ensures that the optical signal output to the line has sufficient transmission power.

[0046] In practical applications, a post-amplifier can be deployed between the output of the multiplexer and the output line of the device to amplify the power of the multiplexed signal, thereby ensuring the stability of subsequent long-distance transmission.

[0047] In some examples, the main link between the output of the multiplexer and the input of the post-amplifier can be an optical signal transmission channel between the multiplexer and the post-amplifier.

[0048] One end of the main link can be connected to the output port of the multiplexer, and the other end can be connected to the input port of the post-amplifier. The optical signal transmitted by the main link is the combined signal that has just been synthesized by the multiplexer and has not yet entered the post-amplifier for power amplification. That is, the main link is located after the multiplexing process and before the power amplification process.

[0049] In some examples, splitting can refer to a beam splitter extracting a portion of the optical signal from the main link and sending it to the monitoring tributary. The fixed ratio can be the ratio between the power of the monitoring tributary optical signal split by the beam splitter and the total power of the combined signal in the main link; the fixed ratio can be preset; the fixed ratio ensures that the split monitoring tributary optical signal can meet the needs of subsequent monitoring and processing, while the remaining optical signal in the main link maintains sufficient power for normal transmission.

[0050] For example, the fixed ratio can be any value between 1% and 20%. If the fixed ratio is 10%, the beam splitter will split 10% of the optical power of the main link multiplexed signal to the monitoring branch, and the remaining 90% of the optical signal of the main link will continue to be transmitted to the post-amplifier.

[0051] In some examples, the monitoring tributary signal can be an optical signal split from the main link multiplexed signal by a beamsplitter. The monitoring tributary signal can be used for subsequent spectral detection processing. The monitoring tributary signal can carry the same spectral characteristics as the main link multiplexed signal. The optical power of the monitoring tributary signal can be a fixed proportion of the optical power of the main link multiplexed signal.

[0052] In practical applications, the monitoring branch signal can enter the optical signal monitoring module, and undergo wavelength selection, coupling calibration and photoelectric conversion in sequence, and finally be used to calculate key spectral indicators.

[0053] For example, the multiplexer of a reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer can combine multiple single-wavelength optical signals into a single multiplexed signal after scheduling. This multiplexed signal is transmitted from the output of the multiplexer to the input of a post-amplifier. A beam splitter is deployed in this main link segment, splitting 10% of the optical signal from the multiplexed signal as a monitoring branch signal. The monitoring branch signal can be sent to an optical signal monitoring module for further processing, while the remaining 90% of the optical signal in the main link continues to be transmitted to the post-amplifier for power amplification.

[0054] like Figure 3 As shown, the BS (Beam Splitter) is an embedded component integrated into the main link between the multiplexer output and the post-amplifier input of a reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer. This component has a splitting function, capable of splitting a fixed proportion (e.g., 10%) of the multiplexed signal transmitted from the main link as a monitoring tributary signal; the remaining 90% of the optical signal in the main link continues to transmit normally, ensuring that the monitoring process does not affect the transmission quality and efficiency of the main service.

[0055] The optical signal monitoring module 1012 is connected to the output terminal of the beam splitter. The optical signal monitoring module is used to perform wavelength selection, coupling calibration and photoelectric conversion on the monitoring branch signal, and output an analog electrical signal.

[0056] In some examples, the optical signal monitoring module can be a functional module that performs optical domain processing and photoelectric conversion on the optical signal. The optical signal monitoring module can receive the monitoring branch signal output by the beam splitter.

[0057] In practical applications, the optical signal monitoring module may include a wavelength selective switch or wavelength selective switch array, a precision link, and a miniature detection unit. After the monitoring branch signal output from the beam splitter enters the optical signal monitoring module, wavelength selection, coupling calibration, and photoelectric conversion are performed sequentially.

[0058] In some examples, wavelength selection can be used to filter optical signals within a specific wavelength range from monitoring branch signals that contain multiple wavelength channels. Wavelength selection can determine the target wavelength channel based on monitoring requirements. Wavelength selection can output optical signals from a single wavelength channel, a group of optical signals consisting of multiple wavelength channels, or optical signals covering the entire wavelength range.

[0059] For example, wavelength selection can include a full-channel scanning monitoring mode and a specific-channel monitoring mode. In full-channel scanning monitoring mode, all wavelength channels in the monitored branch signal can be selected sequentially in a polling manner, and the optical signal of each wavelength channel can be output. In specific-channel monitoring mode, the optical signal of a specified single wavelength channel or a specified group of wavelengths can be filtered from the monitored branch signal.

[0060] In some examples, coupling calibration can be a process of compensating for optical power loss and phase deviation that occur during optical signal transmission. Coupling calibration ensures that the calibrated optical signal maintains spectral consistency with the main link optical signal. Coupling calibration can compensate for losses and deviations incurred during optical signal splitting, transmission, and wavelength selection.

[0061] In practical applications, the optical signal from the monitoring branch is split from the main link between the multiplexer and the post-amplifier. After passing through the beam splitter, fiber optic transmission, and wavelength selection switch, the optical power will be attenuated, and the phase may also shift. The fine-tuning link can couple and calibrate the optical signal, compensate for the loss and deviation, and then send it to the miniature detection unit.

[0062] In some examples, photoelectric conversion can be the conversion of an optical signal into an electrical signal. For instance, photoelectric conversion can convert the power and spectral shape information of an optical signal into the amplitude information of an electrical signal. Photoelectric conversion can be achieved through photodetector devices.

[0063] In practical applications, miniature detection units can use APDs (Avalanche Photodiodes) or PINs (PIN Photodiodes) to convert optical signals into analog electrical signals. The power of the optical signal corresponds to the amplitude of the electrical signal, and the spectral shape of the optical signal corresponds to the amplitude distribution of the electrical signal over time.

[0064] In some examples, the analog electrical signal can be a continuous electrical signal output after photoelectric conversion. The analog electrical signal can carry information about the power and spectral shape of the optical signal; wherein, the analog electrical signal can be output in the form of voltage or current.

[0065] In practical applications, after the micro-detection unit converts the coupled and calibrated target monitoring optical signal into an analog electrical signal, the analog electrical signal can be transmitted to the data acquisition and processing unit through circuit connection, where it is acquired at high speed and converted from analog to digital.

[0066] For example, a beam splitter can split the monitoring tributary signal from the main link multiplexed signal and transmit it to the optical signal monitoring module via optical fiber. The wavelength selection switch in the optical signal monitoring module selects a specified single wavelength channel optical signal from the monitoring tributary signal containing multiple wavelength channels according to the monitoring requirements issued by the Network Management System (NMS).

[0067] After the optical signal is selected, it can be sent to the fine-tuning link, which compensates for the optical power loss and phase deviation that occur during beam splitting, transmission, and wavelength selection. The calibrated optical signal then enters the miniature detection unit, which uses a PIN photodiode to convert the optical signal into an analog electrical signal and outputs it.

[0068] The data acquisition and processing unit 1013 is connected to the output terminal of the optical signal monitoring module. The data acquisition and processing unit is used to convert the analog electrical signal into a digital signal and calculate key spectral indicators based on the digital signal.

[0069] In some examples, the data acquisition and processing unit can be a functional module that performs digital acquisition and computation processing of electrical signals.

[0070] For example, the data acquisition and processing unit may include a high-speed data acquisition module, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), and an algorithm processing module. The high-speed data acquisition module and ADC are responsible for high-speed acquisition and analog-to-digital conversion of analog electrical signals; the algorithm processing module can analyze and calculate digital signals using built-in algorithms.

[0071] In some examples, a digital signal can be obtained by analog-to-digital conversion of an analog electrical signal; a digital signal can be a discrete numerical sequence obtained by sampling and quantizing an analog electrical signal. Analog-to-digital conversion can include sampling the analog electrical signal, converting a continuous signal into a discrete-time signal. Analog-to-digital conversion can also include quantizing the sampled values, converting each sampled value into a corresponding digital quantity.

[0072] In practical applications, the analog-to-digital converter module can acquire analog electrical signals at a certain sampling rate, obtain a voltage amplitude at each sampling moment, and convert the voltage amplitude into a binary digital quantity to form a digital signal sequence.

[0073] In some examples, key spectral metrics can be quantitative parameters characterizing the spectral properties of an optical signal. Key spectral metrics may include center wavelength, optical signal-to-noise ratio, and power spectral density. Key spectral metrics can be determined by calculating the digital signal using built-in algorithms. For example, built-in algorithms may include FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) algorithms, peak detection algorithms, and spectral fitting algorithms.

[0074] For example, the data acquisition and processing unit can take a digital signal as input, convert the digital signal in the time domain into a frequency domain signal using a fast Fourier transform algorithm, and obtain a frequency domain power spectrum, which is the power spectral density; use a peak detection algorithm to locate the peak position of each channel in the frequency domain power spectrum, and obtain the center wavelength of each channel; use a spectral fitting algorithm to fit the signal shape near the signal peak, and fit a noise floor in the frequency band where there is no signal, and use the ratio of the signal peak power to the noise floor power as the optical signal-to-noise ratio.

[0075] In some implementations, the output analog electrical signal can be connected to a data acquisition and processing unit via a circuit. The high-speed data acquisition module in the data acquisition and processing unit samples the analog electrical signal at a period of 10 milliseconds. The analog-to-digital converter (ADC) module converts the voltage amplitude at each sampling point into a digital value, forming a digital signal.

[0076] After generating the digital signal, the algorithm processing module performs a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) on the signal to obtain the frequency domain power spectrum, i.e., the power spectral density. The peak detection algorithm locates the frequency positions corresponding to the peak values ​​of each channel within this power spectrum and converts them into the center wavelength. The spectral fitting algorithm fits the signal power near the peaks and fits the noise floor in the no-signal region, calculating the ratio of signal power to noise power to obtain the optical signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The calculated power spectral density, center wavelength, and SNR are then output as key spectral indicators.

[0077] like Figure 4 As shown, the input terminal receives multiple monitoring branch signals (including monitoring signals from each output line and upwave / downwave signals) from each beam splitter. These signals are then sequentially connected by a WSS (wavelength selective switch) or WSS array, a fine-tuning link, a miniature detection unit, and a data acquisition and processing unit to form a complete optical signal processing link.

[0078] The wavelength selection switch or wavelength selection switch array filters the optical signal of the target wavelength from multiple input signals according to the monitoring requirements. The fine link performs coupling calibration on the filtered optical signal to compensate for the loss and deviation generated during transmission. The micro detection unit converts the calibrated optical signal into an analog electrical signal. The data acquisition and processing unit performs analog-to-digital conversion on the analog electrical signal and extracts key spectral indicators through the built-in algorithm, thereby realizing the detection and analysis of the spectral characteristics of the optical signal of each monitoring branch.

[0079] The data acquisition and processing unit is connected to the output of the micro-detection unit and includes a high-speed data acquisition module, an analog-to-digital converter module, and an algorithm processing module. The high-speed data acquisition module and the analog-to-digital converter module are responsible for high-speed acquisition and analog-to-digital conversion of the analog electrical signals output by the micro-detection unit, converting the analog signals into digital signals. The algorithm processing module uses built-in professional algorithms, such as FFT (Fast Fourier Transform), peak detection, and spectral fitting algorithms, to analyze and calculate the digital signals, extracting key spectral indicators such as the center wavelength, optical signal-to-noise ratio, and power spectral density of the optical signal.

[0080] In some embodiments of the present invention, the optical signal monitoring module includes a wavelength selective switch or wavelength selective switch array, a precision link, and a miniature detection unit.

[0081] like Figure 3 As shown, the optical signal monitoring module is the core processing unit of the miniature spectral detection device. It receives the monitoring branch signal output from the beam splitter and completes signal processing, detection, and analysis. Specifically, it includes the following sub-components: 1. WWS (Wavelength Selective Switch) or WWS Array: The WWS or WWS array serves as the wavelength selection component for the monitoring branch, directly connected to the monitoring signal link output by the beam splitter. This component has wavelength selection and splitting capabilities, and can select a single wavelength, multiple wavelength groups, or the entire wavelength range of optical signals for monitoring according to monitoring needs (such as specific channel performance monitoring or full channel scanning monitoring), to adapt to monitoring requirements in different scenarios.

[0082] 2. Coupling Link: The coupling link is deployed between the WWS or WWS array and the micro-detector unit, serving as a calibration and transmission channel for the optical signal. Its function is to couple and calibrate the wavelength-selected monitoring optical signal, compensating for optical power loss and phase deviation generated during beam splitting, transmission, and wavelength selection, so that the optical signal input to the micro-detector unit can reflect the spectral characteristics of the main link optical signal.

[0083] 3. Miniature Detection Unit: The miniature detection unit adopts a highly integrated design. The core component can be a high-sensitivity photodetector, such as an APD (Avalanche Photodiode) or a PIN photodiode. The specific model can be selected according to the monitoring accuracy requirements. The function of this unit is to convert the optical signal after fine-tuning and calibration into a corresponding electrical signal, while capturing the optical power and spectral shape information of the optical signal, providing raw signal data for subsequent spectral index calculations.

[0084] In some embodiments of the present invention, the wavelength selective switch or wavelength selective switch array is connected to the monitoring branch signal link output by the beam splitter, and the wavelength selective switch or wavelength selective switch array is used to select the wavelength of the monitoring branch signal according to the monitoring requirements and filter the target monitoring optical signal.

[0085] In some examples, a wavelength selection switch can be a component with wavelength selection and splitting functions. A wavelength selection switch can select a specific wavelength of optical signal from multiple input wavelength optical signals and output it to a designated port. A wavelength selection switch array can be a collection of multiple wavelength selection switches. A wavelength selection switch array can process optical signals from multiple wavelength channels in parallel. A wavelength selection switch array can simultaneously select optical signals from multiple wavelength channels and output them to the corresponding miniature detection unit.

[0086] In practical applications, beam splitters can split the monitoring branch signals from the main link multiplexed signal and transmit them to the input ports of wavelength selective switches or wavelength selective switch arrays via optical fibers or waveguides.

[0087] In some examples, monitoring requirements may include the range of wavelength channels to be monitored. For example, monitoring requirements may include full-channel scan monitoring or specific channel monitoring. Monitoring requirements may be issued by the network management system. Monitoring requirements may be preset in the configuration of wavelength selective switches or wavelength selective switch arrays.

[0088] In practical applications, the network management system can issue monitoring request commands to the wavelength selective switch or wavelength selective switch array according to the network operation and maintenance strategy, specifying the wavelength channel or monitoring mode to be monitored.

[0089] After the wavelength selective switch or wavelength selective switch array receives the monitoring branch signal, it can route a specific wavelength channel in the monitoring branch signal to the corresponding output port according to the monitoring requirements, while other wavelength channels can be blocked or routed to other ports.

[0090] In some examples, the target monitoring optical signal can be a wavelength-selected optical signal output within a specific wavelength range. The target monitoring optical signal can carry spectral characteristic information of a specified wavelength channel.

[0091] In practical applications, after the wavelength selective switch or wavelength selective switch array selects the optical signal of the target wavelength channel according to the monitoring requirements, it can be sent to the fine link for coupling calibration.

[0092] In some embodiments of the present invention, the precision link is deployed between the wavelength selective switch or wavelength selective switch array and the micro detection unit, and the precision link is used to couple and calibrate the target monitoring optical signal.

[0093] In some examples, the fine-tuning link can be a functional component for coupling and calibrating optical signals. For instance, the fine-tuning link may include optical power compensation elements and phase compensation elements. The optical power compensation element may be an adjustable optical attenuator or optical amplifier for adjusting the power level of the optical signal. The phase compensation element may be a phase modulator or delay line for correcting phase shifts in the optical signal.

[0094] In practical applications, after the target monitoring optical signal is split from the main link multiplexed signal, it undergoes multiple stages, including beam splitting by a beam splitter, transmission through optical fiber or waveguide, and wavelength selection by a wavelength selective switch or wavelength selective switch array. During this process, the optical power attenuates, and the phase may shift. The precision-coupled link can couple and calibrate the target monitoring optical signal, ensuring that the optical signal input to the micro-detector unit accurately reflects the spectral characteristics of the main link optical signal.

[0095] In some embodiments of the present invention, the micro-detection unit is connected to the output terminal of the precision link, and the micro-detection unit is used to convert the coupled and calibrated target monitoring optical signal into an analog electrical signal.

[0096] In some examples, the miniature detection unit can be an optoelectronic device that converts optical signals into electrical signals. In these cases, a high-sensitivity photodetector can be used as the core component of the miniature detection unit.

[0097] For example, the miniature detection unit can employ an avalanche photodiode or a PIN photodiode. An avalanche photodiode can convert weak light signals into electrical signals through the avalanche multiplication effect, exhibiting high responsivity and low noise characteristics. A PIN photodiode can achieve the conversion of light signals to electrical signals through the photoelectric effect of the PIN junction, possessing fast response speed and good linearity. The miniature detection unit can be selected according to the monitoring accuracy requirements; this invention does not impose any limitations on this selection.

[0098] For example, after obtaining the coupled and calibrated target monitoring optical signal, it can be irradiated onto the photosensitive surface of a micro-detector unit. The photoelectric material inside the micro-detector unit absorbs photons and generates photogenerated carriers, forming a photocurrent. The amplitude of this photocurrent is proportional to the power of the incident optical signal. The micro-detector unit outputs the photocurrent as an analog electrical signal, and the amplitude of this analog electrical signal can reflect the power change and spectral shape characteristics of the target monitoring optical signal over time.

[0099] In some embodiments of the present invention, wavelength selection is performed on the monitoring branch signals according to monitoring requirements to filter target monitoring optical signals, including sub-steps S1-S2: Sub-step S1: When the monitoring requirement is full-channel scanning monitoring mode, all wavelength channels in the monitoring branch signal are selected in turn by polling, and the optical signals of each wavelength channel are output as target monitoring optical signals.

[0100] In some examples, the full-channel scan monitoring mode can be a monitoring method that acquires spectral data for all wavelength channels in the monitored branch signal one by one. Specifically, the full-channel scan monitoring mode can acquire spectral data for all wavelength channels and can be used to comprehensively evaluate the performance of each wavelength channel in the network to discover unknown abnormal channels.

[0101] In some examples, sequential polling selection can refer to a wavelength selection switch or array of wavelength selection switches selecting different wavelength channels at different times in a preset order. Sequential polling selection ensures that each wavelength channel is output sequentially in time, guaranteeing that every wavelength channel can be selected.

[0102] For example, the multiplexer output of a reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer contains a multiplexed signal with 40 wavelength channels, ranging from 1528.77 nm to 1563.86 nm. The network management system issues a full-channel scan monitoring mode command.

[0103] Upon receiving the full-channel scan monitoring mode command, the wavelength selection switch can start from the first wavelength channel (1528.77 nm), outputting the optical signal of that wavelength channel to the coupling link. After completing the coupling calibration and photoelectric conversion of that wavelength channel, the wavelength selection switch switches to the second wavelength channel (1529.55 nm), and so on, until the 40th wavelength channel (1563.86 nm) is output, completing one full scan cycle. After completing the scan, the wavelength selection switch can return to the first wavelength channel to start the next scan.

[0104] Sub-step S2: When the monitoring requirement is a specific channel monitoring mode, select the optical signal of a specified single wavelength channel or a specified wavelength group from the monitoring branch signal as the target monitoring optical signal.

[0105] In some examples, specific channel monitoring mode can be a monitoring method that directionally acquires spectral data from one or more specific wavelength channels in the monitored branch signal. Specific channel monitoring mode can acquire spectral data for a specified wavelength channel. Specific channel monitoring mode can be used for focused monitoring of critical service channels or suspected abnormal channels in the network.

[0106] In practical applications, when the network management system detects abnormal characteristics such as center wavelength shift or decreased optical signal-to-noise ratio of a certain wavelength channel, it can issue a specific channel monitoring mode command to focus on monitoring the abnormal channel.

[0107] In some examples, a specified wavelength group can be a collection of multiple wavelength channels. A specified wavelength group can include multiple consecutive wavelength channels or multiple non-consecutive wavelength channels. The specified wavelength group can be determined based on network service requirements and specified through the network management system.

[0108] In practical applications, a specified wavelength group can include multiple wavelength channels belonging to the same service type, such as multiple wavelength channels carrying the same customer service. A specified wavelength group can also include multiple wavelength channels within the same band.

[0109] For example, the network management system detects an anomaly in the 1550.12 nm channel, indicating an excessive center wavelength shift. The network management system can then generate instructions for a specific channel monitoring mode, specifying the 1550.12 nm wavelength channel to be monitored.

[0110] After the wavelength selection switch receives the instruction, it can filter out the 1550.12 nm wavelength optical signal from all wavelength channels contained in the monitoring branch signal and output it to the fine-tuning link, while the optical signals of the other wavelength channels are blocked.

[0111] For example, the network management system can also specify the wavelength groups to be monitored as three channels: 1550.12 nm, 1551.72 nm, and 1553.33 nm. The wavelength selection switch will simultaneously filter out the optical signals from the above three wavelength channels and output them to the Jinghe Link.

[0112] In some embodiments of the present invention, coupling calibration of the target monitoring optical signal includes: compensating for optical power loss and phase deviation generated during beam splitting, transmission and wavelength selection of the target monitoring optical signal.

[0113] In some examples, compensation can refer to the process of correcting optical power loss and phase deviation through fine-tuning the link. Compensation can restore the power level of the target monitoring optical signal to match the power level of the same wavelength channel in the main link multiplexed signal. Compensation can also restore the phase state of the target monitoring optical signal to match the phase state of the same wavelength channel in the main link multiplexed signal.

[0114] For example, the power level of an optical signal can be increased by using an optical power compensation element; the phase shift of an optical signal can be corrected by using a phase compensation element.

[0115] In practical applications, the Jinghe Link can detect the current power level and phase state of the target monitoring optical signal, compare it with the preset standard value, calculate the power loss and phase deviation, and correct the power and phase respectively through optical power compensation element and phase compensation element.

[0116] For example, after the target monitoring optical signal is split from the main link multiplexed signal, it passes through a beam splitter, fiber optic transmission, and wavelength selection by a wavelength selection switch before reaching the fine link. The fine link detects that the power of the target monitoring optical signal is attenuated by 3 dB compared to the power of the same wavelength channel in the main link multiplexed signal, and the phase shift is 0.1 radians.

[0117] After detecting optical power loss and phase deviation, the Jinghe Link can increase the power of the optical signal by 3 dB through the optical power compensation element and correct the phase of the optical signal by 0.1 radians through the phase compensation element, so that the compensated target monitoring optical signal is consistent with the optical signal of the same wavelength channel in the main link multiplexing signal in terms of power level and phase state.

[0118] In some embodiments of the present invention, the key spectral indicators include any one or more of the following: center wavelength, optical signal-to-noise ratio, and power spectral density.

[0119] In some examples, the center wavelength can be the nominal wavelength value of the optical signal wavelength channel. The center wavelength can refer to the wavelength position corresponding to the peak power of each wavelength channel. The center wavelength can be calculated by a peak detection algorithm locating the peak position of each channel in the frequency domain power spectrum. The center wavelength can be used to detect whether the laser has experienced wavelength drift.

[0120] For example, the data acquisition and processing unit can convert digital signals into frequency domain power spectra using the Fast Fourier Transform algorithm. Through the peak detection algorithm, it can search for local maxima of each channel in the power spectrum, convert the frequency positions corresponding to the local maxima into wavelength values, and obtain the center wavelength.

[0121] In some examples, the optical signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) can be the ratio of optical signal power to noise power. The SNR can be expressed in decibels (dB). It can be calculated using spectral fitting algorithms. The SNR can be used to measure the transmission quality of optical signals and to determine whether an optical signal is affected by noise interference.

[0122] For example, the data acquisition and processing unit can use a spectral fitting algorithm to fit the signal power near the signal peak in the frequency domain power spectrum, and fit the noise floor in the frequency band where there is no signal. The ratio of the signal peak power to the noise floor power is used as the optical signal-to-noise ratio.

[0123] In some examples, power spectral density can be the distribution of optical signal power in the frequency domain. Power spectral density can be obtained using the Fast Fourier Transform algorithm. It can show the power distribution across different wavelength channels, reflecting the spectral shape of the optical signal. Power spectral density can be used to detect spectral distortion.

[0124] For example, the data acquisition and processing unit can use the Fast Fourier Transform algorithm to convert the digital signal in the time domain into a signal in the frequency domain, obtain the frequency domain power spectrum, and use it as the power spectral density.

[0125] Reference Figure 5 The diagram illustrates an architecture of a spectral tracking system according to some embodiments of the present invention. The spectral tracking system includes: Multiple reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexers as described above; a network management system, communicatively connected to the reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexers, the network management system being used to identify optical signal anomaly characteristics based on key spectral indicators uploaded by the multiple reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexers, generate a decision scheme based on the optical signal anomaly characteristics, generate an execution instruction based on the decision scheme, and send the execution instruction to the corresponding reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer.

[0126] In some examples, the network management system can be a centralized management platform for the optical network. The network management system can be deployed at the network control center or a core node of the regional network. For example... Figure 5 The network management system can connect to multiple reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer (ROADM) devices via DCN (Data Communication Network).

[0127] In practical applications, the network management system can receive monitoring data uploaded by multiple reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexers, and store, analyze, display alarms, and issue commands based on the monitoring data.

[0128] For example, the built-in spectral detection device of the reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer can transmit key spectral indicators to the main control module of the device through a high-speed backplane bus, and the main control module can upload the key spectral indicators to the network management system through the data communication network.

[0129] After the network management system receives key spectral indicators, it can analyze these indicators, such as by using anomaly detection algorithms, spectral model reasoning, threshold comparison, and trend analysis to determine whether there are any anomalies.

[0130] For example, the data processing and intelligent computing module of the network management system can compare the received key spectral indicators with preset thresholds. If the center wavelength shift exceeds 0.1 nanometers or the optical signal-to-noise ratio drops by more than 0.5 dB, it is determined that the wavelength channel has abnormal characteristics.

[0131] In some examples, the decision-making scheme can be a processing strategy targeting anomalies in the optical signal. The decision-making scheme can be generated by the network management system's policy engine. This scheme may include wavelength reconstruction, amplifier gain adjustment, or fault port switching. The decision-making scheme can be determined based on the type and severity of the anomaly.

[0132] In practical applications, the strategy engine can diagnose abnormal characteristics, determine whether the fault type is laser wavelength drift, increased fiber loss, or filter passband shift, and select the corresponding decision-making scheme based on the fault type. For example, for laser wavelength drift, the decision-making scheme could be wavelength reconstruction, which involves switching the service from the current wavelength channel to a backup wavelength channel.

[0133] In some examples, the execution instructions can be operational commands issued to the reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer. These instructions can be generated by the decision-making and planning module of the network management system. Execution instructions may include adjusting the configuration of wavelength selection switches, adjusting amplifier gain settings, etc.

[0134] For example, the decision planning module can convert the "wavelength reconfiguration" decision scheme into specific execution instructions, such as "switch the service with a wavelength of 1550.12 nanometers to the 1551.72 nanometer channel". After being encapsulated according to the control protocol of the reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer, the reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer can drive the wavelength selection switch to switch the wavelength channel.

[0135] like Figure 6As shown, the spectral detection device in the reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer can interact with the network management system via a bidirectional communication link (based on Ethernet or optical transmission network). The spectral detection device is responsible for the acquisition, processing, and uploading of optical signals, while the network management system is responsible for the centralized reception, storage, analysis, display, and command issuance of data. Together, they form a complete closed loop for spectral monitoring and management.

[0136] The spectral detection device includes an optical signal monitoring module, a data processing unit (i.e., a data acquisition and processing unit), a local storage module, and a communication interface module. The optical signal monitoring module receives the optical signal from the monitoring branch of the beam splitter, converts it into an analog electrical signal, and acquires it as a digital signal. The data processing unit processes and analyzes the digital signal. The local storage module temporarily or locally stores the data processed during the process. The communication interface module uploads data to the network management system via a two-way communication link and receives control commands from the network management system.

[0137] The network management system includes a data receiving module, a data storage module, a data processing and intelligent computing module, a communication interface module, and an alarm display module. The data receiving module receives spectral data uploaded by the spectral detection device via a two-way communication link; the data storage module stores and manages the received data; the data processing and intelligent computing module analyzes and processes the data, identifies abnormal characteristics of the optical signal, and generates decision-making schemes; the communication interface module enables command issuance and data reception with the spectral detection device; and the alarm display module provides visual display of the analysis results and triggers abnormal alarms.

[0138] In some specific implementations, the network management system serves as a centralized management and data interaction platform for the optical network, enabling unified control over multiple reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer devices and their built-in spectral detection devices. The network management system may include a data receiving module, a data storage module, an alarm display module, and a command issuing module.

[0139] The data receiving module is multi-protocol compatible, supporting parallel reception of spectral data uploaded by the built-in spectral detection devices of multiple reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer (OLD) devices via communication protocols such as TCP (Transmission Control Protocol), IP (Internet Protocol), and OTN (Optical Transport Network). The data receiving module can employ a distributed data receiving architecture, simultaneously processing monitoring data from different OLD nodes and ports, achieving efficient aggregation of monitoring data from multiple devices and ports, and providing a data foundation for subsequent data processing and analysis.

[0140] The data storage module can utilize high-speed storage media to construct a storage array, offering large capacity and high read / write speeds. This module can store historical monitoring data from the optical network's operation, including raw spectral data, spectral index data calculated using algorithms (such as optical signal-to-noise ratio, center wavelength, and equipment operating status data). The stored data can provide support for fault retrospective analysis, optical signal performance trend prediction, and network optimization decisions.

[0141] The alarm display module can include a data visualization unit and an alarm triggering unit. The data visualization unit can display the spectral characteristics of optical signals at various wavelengths (such as power variation trends and wavelength shifts) through real-time curves, spectrum graphs, and parameter lists, enabling maintenance personnel to monitor the network's operational status in real time. The alarm triggering unit can compare monitored indicators (such as optical signal-to-noise ratio, power shift, and center wavelength shift) with preset thresholds in real time. When an indicator exceeds the threshold range, it triggers an audible and visual alarm or an interface alarm to alert maintenance personnel to handle the anomaly.

[0142] The instruction issuance module serves as the control output unit of the network management system. Based on the monitoring data processing results or the operation instructions of maintenance personnel, it issues configuration instructions to the built-in spectral detection devices of each reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer. These instructions may include adjusting the monitoring frequency (e.g., from 10 milliseconds per cycle to 5 milliseconds per cycle), setting the spectral monitoring range (e.g., from C-band to C+L band), and modifying alarm thresholds (e.g., adjusting the optical signal-to-noise ratio alarm threshold from 20 dB to 18 dB) to achieve adaptive adjustment of the monitoring strategy.

[0143] In some embodiments of the present invention, the network management system is further configured to: perform visualization display and trigger anomaly alarms based on the key spectral indicators.

[0144] In some examples, visualization can refer to presenting key spectral indicators as graphs or charts on a display device.

[0145] For example, visualizations can include real-time curves that show the trend of optical signal power over time. Visualizations can also include spectrum graphs that show the power distribution of each wavelength channel. Furthermore, visualizations can include parameter lists that display the center wavelength and optical signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) values ​​for each wavelength channel. These visualizations can be implemented by the data visualization unit of the network management system.

[0146] In practical applications, the data visualization unit of a network management system can plot the received power spectral density as a spectrum, with the horizontal axis representing wavelength and the vertical axis representing power. The power of each wavelength channel is presented in the form of spectral lines. The data visualization unit can also display the center wavelength and optical signal-to-noise ratio as a numerical list on the display interface.

[0147] In some examples, anomaly alarm triggering can refer to the network management system issuing an alarm signal when a key spectral indicator exceeds a preset threshold. Anomaly alarm triggering can be implemented by the alarm triggering unit of the network management system.

[0148] For example, anomaly alarm triggering can include audible and visual alarms, which can alert maintenance personnel through sound and flashing lights. Anomaly alarm triggering can also include interface alarms, which can display anomaly information on the screen via pop-ups or highlighted markers. Finally, anomaly alarm triggering can include alarm event logging, which can store information such as the time of the anomaly, wavelength channel, and anomaly type in a database.

[0149] In practical applications, the alarm triggering unit can compare the received key spectral indicators with preset thresholds in real time. An alarm can be triggered when the center wavelength offset exceeds the preset threshold, when the optical signal-to-noise ratio is lower than the preset threshold, or when there is an abnormal change in the power spectral density.

[0150] In some embodiments of the present invention, the network management system adopts a distributed hierarchical architecture; the network management system includes regional network management systems and a central network management system; the regional network management systems are deployed at the core nodes of each regional network, and the central network management system is deployed at the network control center.

[0151] In some examples, a distributed hierarchical architecture can refer to a network management system divided into multiple subsystems according to geographical regions and management levels. A distributed hierarchical architecture allows different levels of network management systems to undertake different management functions. It can adapt to the management needs of optical networks of different sizes. Distributed hierarchical architectures can be used in large-scale optical networks, such as inter-provincial backbone networks or nationwide optical networks.

[0152] In practical applications, a distributed hierarchical architecture can include two layers: a regional network management system and a central network management system. The regional network management system is responsible for localized management within its designated region, while the central network management system is responsible for unified management of the entire network.

[0153] In some examples, the network control center can be the core location for the overall management of the optical network. The network control center can be connected to the core nodes of each regional network via a data communication network. The network control center can centrally monitor and uniformly schedule the operational status of the entire network.

[0154] In practical applications, the network control center can be equipped with a large-screen display system and multiple management servers to display the operational status of the optical network in various areas of the entire network.

[0155] For example, the nationwide optical network is divided into four regions: East China, South China, North China, and Southwest China. Each region's core computer room deploys a regional network management system, which is responsible for receiving key spectral indicators uploaded by all reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexers within its region and performing localized processing and storage.

[0156] The East China Regional Network Management System is deployed in the Shanghai hub data center, responsible for managing reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexers in Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Anhui provinces. The National Network Control Center is deployed in Beijing, and its network management system connects to the four regional network management systems in East China, South China, North China, and Southwest China via a data communication network. Each regional network management system can aggregate and analyze its monitoring data and report abnormal events to the central network management system, which can then provide unified display and global scheduling of all network data.

[0157] In some embodiments of the present invention, the abnormal characteristics of the optical signal include any one or more of the following: excessive center wavelength shift, decreased optical signal-to-noise ratio, and abnormal power spectrum.

[0158] In some examples, center wavelength offset can be the amount of change in the center wavelength of the optical signal relative to its nominal value. Center wavelength offset can be determined by comparing the received center wavelength with a preset standard center wavelength. Excessive center wavelength offset occurs when the offset exceeds a preset threshold. Excessive center wavelength offset can indicate that the laser is experiencing wavelength drift.

[0159] For example, the center wavelength of each received wavelength channel can be compared with the nominal center wavelength of that channel to calculate the offset. When the offset exceeds a preset threshold of 0.1 nanometers, it is determined that the center wavelength offset exceeds the standard.

[0160] In some examples, a decrease in optical signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) can mean that the SNR of the optical signal is lower than its normal value. A decrease in SNR can be determined by comparing the received SNR with a preset reference SNR. A decrease in SNR can also mean that the SNR value is lower than a preset threshold. A decrease in SNR can indicate that the optical signal is affected by noise interference or has degraded.

[0161] For example, the optical signal-to-noise ratio of each received wavelength channel can be compared with a preset reference optical signal-to-noise ratio. When the optical signal-to-noise ratio is lower than the preset threshold of 18 dB, it is determined that the optical signal-to-noise ratio has decreased.

[0162] In some examples, power spectrum anomalies can be caused by the power spectral density distribution of an optical signal deviating from its normal shape. Power spectrum anomalies can be detected by comparing the received power spectral density with a pre-defined normal power spectrum model. Power spectrum anomalies can manifest as power spectrum distortion, abnormal peaks or dips in the power spectrum, or indicate filter passband shifts or reflections in the optical path.

[0163] In practical applications, the received power spectral density can be compared with a preset normal power spectral model. When the power spectral shape deviates significantly, it is determined to be an abnormal power spectral density.

[0164] In some embodiments of the present invention, the decision-making scheme includes any one or more of the following: wavelength reconstruction, amplifier gain adjustment, and fault port switching.

[0165] In some examples, wavelength reconstruction can be a change in the transmission wavelength channel of an optical signal; for example, wavelength reconstruction can be achieved by adjusting the routing configuration of a wavelength selection switch.

[0166] In practical applications, when the center wavelength offset of a certain wavelength channel is detected to be excessive, it can be determined that the laser wavelength is drifting. By generating a wavelength reconstruction decision scheme, the services carried on that wavelength channel can be switched to the backup wavelength channel.

[0167] In some examples, amplifier gain adjustment can be a change in the amplification factor of an optical amplifier. For example, amplifier gain adjustment can be achieved by sending a gain adjustment command to the amplifier; amplifier gain adjustment can include adjusting the gain of the preamplifier or adjusting the gain of the postamplifier.

[0168] In practical applications, when a decrease in the optical signal-to-noise ratio is detected in a certain line direction, it can be determined that the optical signal power is insufficient. By generating a decision scheme for amplifier gain adjustment, the corresponding post-amplifier gain is increased by a preset value.

[0169] In some examples, fault port switching can be the process of switching an optical signal from the current transmission port to a backup port. For instance, fault port switching can be achieved by adjusting the port routing configuration of a wavelength selection switch.

[0170] In practical applications, when an abnormal power spectrum is detected at a certain output port, it can be determined that the port or link is faulty. By generating a decision scheme for switching the faulty port, the optical signal that needs to be output can be switched from the faulty port to the backup port.

[0171] like Figure 7 As shown, multiple reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer (ROADM) devices achieve multi-directional optical signal transmission through optical path and wavelength scheduling. Each device uploads monitoring data to the network management system through the communication link. After completing data acquisition and storage, monitoring data processing and model inference, fault detection and decision-making, the network management system issues execution instructions to the corresponding devices.

[0172] In the monitoring signal acquisition stage, a beam splitter is deployed between the output of the multiplexer and the input of the post-amplifier of each reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer device. A fixed proportion (e.g., 10%) of the optical signal is split from the multiplexed signal transmitted from the main link as the monitoring branch signal, while the main link optical signal continues to transmit normally, ensuring that the main service is not interfered with.

[0173] In the signal processing and detection stage, the monitoring branch signal is transmitted to the optical signal monitoring module, where wavelength selection is performed by a wavelength selection switch or wavelength selection switch array. The target monitoring optical signal is screened according to a preset monitoring strategy (such as specific channel monitoring and full channel scanning). After the screened optical signal is calibrated by the fine link (compensating for loss and phase deviation), it is input to the micro detection unit, which converts the optical signal into an electrical signal and captures optical power and spectral shape information.

[0174] In the preliminary data analysis and uploading stage, the electrical signal output by the micro-detection unit is transmitted to the data acquisition and processing unit. After high-speed acquisition and analog-to-digital conversion, the key spectral indicators such as center wavelength, optical signal-to-noise ratio and power spectral density are calculated through built-in algorithms (such as fast Fourier transform, peak detection and spectral fitting). After the calculation is completed, the monitoring data is transmitted to the main control module of the device through the high-speed backplane bus of the reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer, and then uploaded to the network management system through the data communication network.

[0175] In the centralized data processing and fault detection stage, after receiving monitoring data uploaded by multiple reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer devices, the data receiving module performs data synchronization and standardization processing, and then the data storage module stores and maps the processed data in a unified manner to provide data support for subsequent analysis. At the same time, the data processing and intelligent computing module of the network management system identifies abnormal features in optical signals in real time through anomaly detection algorithms (such as threshold comparison and trend analysis) and spectral model inference, including excessive center wavelength shift, decreased optical signal-to-noise ratio, and abnormal power spectrum.

[0176] In the decision generation and execution phase, when the network management system detects an optical signal anomaly, the strategy engine diagnoses the anomaly (e.g., determining the fault type as laser wavelength drift or increased fiber loss) and generates corresponding decision schemes (e.g., wavelength reconstruction, amplifier gain adjustment, and fault port switching). After the decision scheme is converted into specific execution instructions by the decision planning module, it is sent to the corresponding reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer device through the data communication network. After receiving the instructions, the reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer device executes the corresponding operations through core functional modules (e.g., wavelength selection switch, preamplifier) ​​and postamplifier to complete the processing of the optical signal anomaly.

[0177] In the adaptive adjustment and closed-loop optimization phase, the adaptive spectral tracking algorithm combines historical monitoring data with real-time link status to dynamically adjust monitoring parameters, including monitoring frequency, alarm thresholds (dynamically adjusting thresholds such as optical signal-to-noise ratio and wavelength shift according to different channel performance requirements), and spectral monitoring range (such as switching between C-band, L-band, or C+L-band monitoring according to service deployment). At the same time, the network management system provides real-time feedback and verification of the execution results. If the optical signal spectral indicators recover to the preset threshold range, the alarm is automatically deactivated and the event is recorded, forming an intelligent operation and maintenance closed loop of "monitoring-analysis-decision-execution-verification".

[0178] For example, in a typical metropolitan area network (MAN) application, multiple reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexers (OLDs) supporting more than four line directions can be deployed in the core equipment room, forming a ring or mesh topology via fiber optic links. Each OLD integrates the aforementioned miniature spectral detection device. The beam splitter distributes approximately 10% of the main path's combined signal to the monitoring branch, which is then precisely coupled into a wavelength selective switch array. Finally, a high-sensitivity detector performs photoelectric conversion and outputs spectral data. The data acquisition unit transmits standardized data to the regional network management system at 10-millisecond intervals. The regional network management system uniformly stores, maps, and analyzes spectral information from multiple nodes, and invokes spectral modeling and anomaly detection algorithms. When a center wavelength drift exceeding 0.1 nanometers or a decrease in optical signal-to-noise ratio exceeding 0.5 dB is detected in a certain line direction, an alarm is immediately triggered, and the strategy engine is activated to complete anomaly diagnosis.

[0179] After confirming the fault type, a scheduling strategy is automatically generated, such as adjusting the amplifier gain of adjacent nodes or reallocating wavelength resources. The system then issues instructions to the target reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer node for execution via the decision planning module. The execution results are fed back to the monitoring module in real time. If the spectral indicators recover to the set threshold range, the system automatically clears the alarm and records the event for subsequent trend analysis.

[0180] For example, in a cross-provincial backbone network scenario, multiple reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer nodes are connected to the central network management system through a distributed and hierarchical network management architecture. Spectral detection data can be acquired, processed, and reported in milliseconds, enabling real-time tracking of a wide range and multiple wavelengths. Under extreme conditions such as sudden changes in optical power or spectral distortion, the system can complete anomaly detection, threshold updates, and scheduling command issuance within one second to ensure stable transmission of high-load networks.

[0181] Reference Figure 8 The diagram illustrates a flowchart of a spectral tracking method according to some embodiments of the present invention, applied to a reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer. The reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer has a built-in spectral detection device, which includes a beam splitter, an optical signal monitoring module, and a data acquisition and processing unit.

[0182] In some embodiments of the present invention, the beam splitter is deployed in the main link between the multiplexer output and the post-amplifier input of the reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer, the optical signal monitoring module is connected to the output of the beam splitter, and the data acquisition and processing unit is connected to the output of the optical signal monitoring module.

[0183] Specifically, it may include the following steps: Step 801: Using the beam splitter, a fixed proportion of optical signal is split from the multiplexed signal transmitted by the main link as a monitoring branch signal. Step 802: The optical signal monitoring module performs wavelength selection, coupling calibration, and photoelectric conversion on the monitoring branch signal to output an analog electrical signal. Step 803: The analog electrical signal is converted into a digital signal by the data acquisition and processing unit, and key spectral indicators are calculated based on the digital signal.

[0184] In this embodiment of the invention, the beam splitter extracts a fixed proportion of optical signals from the multiplexed signal transmitted in the main link as monitoring branch signals. The optical signal monitoring module performs wavelength selection, coupling calibration, and photoelectric conversion on the monitoring branch signals to output analog electrical signals. The data acquisition and processing unit converts the analog electrical signals into digital signals and calculates key spectral indicators based on the digital signals. This achieves online detection of the main link optical signals by integrating the spectral detection device into a reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer, using key spectral indicators to determine the real-time status of the optical signals, thus avoiding the problems of large size and high cost of external equipment.

[0185] Specifically, a fixed proportion of optical signal is split from the main link multiplexed signal using a beam splitter as the monitoring branch signal. This ensures that the acquisition of the monitoring signal does not interrupt the normal transmission of the service signal in the main link. Furthermore, the beam splitter is deployed between the output of the multiplexer and the input of the post-amplifier, so that the monitoring branch signal is split before being amplified by the post-amplifier. This avoids the influence of power changes and noise introduced by the post-amplifier on the monitoring results, thereby ensuring the accuracy of subsequent spectral index calculations.

[0186] In the above embodiments, the optical signal monitoring module performs wavelength selection, coupling calibration, and photoelectric conversion on the monitoring branch signal and outputs an analog electrical signal. This enables the monitoring system to flexibly select the wavelength channel to be monitored according to actual needs. Furthermore, the coupling calibration compensates for the optical power loss and phase deviation generated during the beam splitting, transmission, and wavelength selection processes of the optical signal, eliminating the errors introduced in the transmission path of the monitoring branch and ensuring that the spectral characteristics of the optical signal entering the photoelectric conversion stage are consistent with those of the main link optical signal.

[0187] In the above embodiments, the analog electrical signal is converted into a digital signal by the data acquisition and processing unit, and key spectral indicators are calculated based on the digital signal. This allows the calculation of spectral indicators to be completed inside the miniaturized device, eliminating the need for an external benchtop spectrometer to output key spectral indicators such as center wavelength, optical signal-to-noise ratio, and power spectral density in real time, thus reducing the space occupied by the device and the deployment cost.

[0188] It should be noted that, for the sake of simplicity, the method embodiments are all described as a series of actions. However, those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the described order of actions, because according to the embodiments of the present invention, some steps can be performed in other orders or simultaneously. Furthermore, those skilled in the art should also understand that the embodiments described in the specification are preferred embodiments, and the actions involved are not necessarily essential to the embodiments of the present invention.

[0189] Some embodiments of the present invention also provide an electronic device, including a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein the computer program, when executed by the processor, implements the method described above.

[0190] Some embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, and which, when executed by a processor, implements the method described above.

[0191] Some embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method described above.

[0192] As the device embodiment is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and relevant parts can be found in the description of the method embodiment.

[0193] It should be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, data stored, data displayed, etc.) involved in this invention are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties. Furthermore, the collection, use and processing of related data must comply with the relevant laws, regulations and standards of the relevant countries and regions, and corresponding operation entry points are provided for users to choose to authorize or refuse.

[0194] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0195] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, apparatus, or computer program products. Therefore, embodiments of the present invention can take the form of entirely hardware embodiments, entirely software embodiments, or embodiments combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, embodiments of the present invention can take the form of computer program products implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0196] Embodiments of the present invention are described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, terminal devices (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing terminal device to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing terminal device, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0197] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing terminal device to operate in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0198] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing terminal equipment, causing a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable terminal equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable terminal equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0199] Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0200] Finally, it should be noted that in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or terminal device that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or terminal device. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or terminal device that includes the aforementioned element.

[0201] The reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer and spectral tracking system and method provided above have been described in detail. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of the present invention. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer, characterized in that, The reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer has a built-in spectral detection device, which includes a beam splitter, an optical signal monitoring module, and a data acquisition and processing unit. The beam splitter is deployed in the main link between the multiplexer output and the post-amplifier input of the reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer. The beam splitter is used to split a fixed proportion of optical signal from the multiplexed signal transmitted from the main link as a monitoring branch signal. The optical signal monitoring module is connected to the output terminal of the beam splitter. The optical signal monitoring module is used to perform wavelength selection, coupling calibration and photoelectric conversion on the monitoring branch signal, and output an analog electrical signal. The data acquisition and processing unit is connected to the output of the optical signal monitoring module. The data acquisition and processing unit is used to convert the analog electrical signal into a digital signal and calculate key spectral indicators based on the digital signal.

2. The reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The optical signal monitoring module includes a wavelength selective switch or wavelength selective switch array, a precision link, and a miniature detection unit; The wavelength selective switch or wavelength selective switch array is connected to the monitoring branch signal link output by the beam splitter. The wavelength selective switch or wavelength selective switch array is used to select the wavelength of the monitoring branch signal according to the monitoring requirements and filter the target monitoring optical signal. The precision link is deployed between the wavelength selective switch or wavelength selective switch array and the micro detection unit, and the precision link is used to couple and calibrate the target monitoring optical signal. The micro-detection unit is connected to the output end of the precision link, and the micro-detection unit is used to convert the coupled and calibrated target monitoring optical signal into an analog electrical signal.

3. The reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer according to claim 2, characterized in that, Based on monitoring requirements, wavelength selection is performed on the monitoring branch signals to filter target monitoring optical signals, including: When the monitoring requirement is full-channel scanning monitoring mode, all wavelength channels in the monitoring branch signal are selected in turn and the optical signal of each wavelength channel is output as the target monitoring optical signal. When the monitoring requirement is a specific channel monitoring mode, the optical signal of a specified single wavelength channel or a specified wavelength group is selected from the monitoring branch signal as the target monitoring optical signal.

4. The reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The target monitoring optical signal is coupled and calibrated, including compensating for the optical power loss and phase deviation generated during beam splitting, transmission and wavelength selection of the target monitoring optical signal.

5. The reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The key spectral indicators include one or more of the following: center wavelength, optical signal-to-noise ratio, and power spectral density.

6. A spectral tracking system, characterized in that, The spectral tracking system includes: Multiple reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexers as described in any one of claims 1 to 5; The network management system is communicatively connected to the reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer. The network management system is used to identify optical signal anomaly characteristics based on key spectral indicators uploaded by multiple reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexers, generate a decision scheme based on the optical signal anomaly characteristics, generate an execution instruction based on the decision scheme, and send the execution instruction to the corresponding reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer.

7. The spectral tracking system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The network management system is also used for: visualizing and triggering abnormal alarms based on the key spectral indicators.

8. The spectral tracking system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The network management system adopts a distributed hierarchical architecture; the network management system includes regional network management systems and a central network management system; the regional network management systems are deployed at the core nodes of each regional network, and the central network management system is deployed at the network control center.

9. The spectral tracking system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The abnormal characteristics of the optical signal include any one or more of the following: excessive center wavelength shift, decreased optical signal-to-noise ratio, and abnormal power spectrum. The decision-making options include one or more of the following: Wavelength reconstruction, amplifier gain adjustment, fault port switching.

10. A spectral tracking method, characterized in that, It is applied to a reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer, wherein the reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer has a built-in spectral detection device, which includes a beam splitter, an optical signal monitoring module, and a data acquisition and processing unit; The beam splitter is deployed in the main link between the multiplexer output and the post-amplifier input of the reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer. The optical signal monitoring module is connected to the output of the beam splitter, and the data acquisition and processing unit is connected to the output of the optical signal monitoring module. The method includes: The beam splitter separates a fixed proportion of optical signals from the multiplexed signal transmitted through the main link to serve as monitoring branch signals. The optical signal monitoring module performs wavelength selection, coupling calibration, and photoelectric conversion on the monitored branch signal to output an analog electrical signal. The data acquisition and processing unit converts the analog electrical signal into a digital signal and calculates key spectral indicators based on the digital signal.

Images