A quantum entanglement state transmission security method based on interlayer synchronization constraint and a system thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a quantum entanglement state transmission protection method and system based on interlayer synchronization constraint. The method distributes each quantum bit in the entanglement state to an independent layer of an isosceles trapezoidal address array, and phase encodes the offset of each layer address relative to the center position; interlayer synchronization constraint is applied to ensure that all layer offsets are consistent; during transmission, the layer offsets are monitored in parallel, and when the consistency is destroyed, interlayer resynchronization is performed; and the receiving end reconstructs the entanglement state phase information from the layer offsets. The application ensures that the phase drift of all quantum bits in the entanglement state is synchronized through interlayer synchronization constraint, avoids entanglement destruction caused by non-synchronous drift, and is suitable for quantum entanglement distribution network, quantum repeater, distributed quantum computing and other scenes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of quantum communication and quantum entangled state transmission technology, specifically to a method and system for preserving quantum entangled state transmission based on inter-layer synchronization constraints. This invention can be applied to scenarios such as quantum entanglement distribution networks, quantum repeaters, and distributed quantum computing. Background Technology

[0002] Quantum entanglement is a core resource for quantum communication and distributed quantum computing. In an entangled state, the phases of multiple qubits are correlated, and a phase drift of any single qubit will destroy the entire entangled state. During transmission, entangled states are more fragile than single quantum states—environmental noise can affect multiple qubits asynchronously, leading to the destruction of entanglement. Existing quantum entangled state transmission schemes have the following shortcomings: (i) Phase asynchrony of multiple qubits. During transmission, different qubits experience different environmental noise, resulting in inconsistent phase drift and disruption of entanglement. (ii) Lack of entanglement preservation mechanism. Existing schemes can only preserve the phase of a single quantum state and cannot simultaneously preserve the phase correlation between multiple qubits. (iii) The distribution efficiency of entangled states is low. In order to ensure the quality of entanglement, existing schemes require repeated transmission and entanglement purification, which consumes a lot of quantum resources. (iv) Lack of inter-layer synchronization constraints. In existing schemes, the encoding of multiple qubits is independent, and there is no geometric mechanism to guarantee phase synchronization between them. Therefore, existing quantum entanglement transmission schemes suffer from problems such as phase asynchrony of multiple qubits, destruction of entanglement correlation, and lack of synchronization constraint mechanism. There is still no transmission scheme that can simultaneously preserve the phase correlation of multiple qubits through geometric constraints. To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a quantum entangled state transmission preservation method and system based on inter-layer synchronization constraints. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention aims to solve the technical problems of phase asynchrony and destruction of entanglement correlation among multiple qubits in existing quantum entangled state transmission schemes. It provides a quantum entangled state transmission preservation method and system based on inter-layer synchronization constraints. The method distributes multiple qubits in the entangled state to different layers of an isosceles trapezoidal address array, and maintains the phase offset of each layer through inter-layer synchronization constraints, thereby preserving the entanglement correlation. (I) This invention provides a method for preserving the transmission of quantum entangled states based on inter-layer synchronization constraints, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Assign each qubit in the quantum entangled state to an independent layer of the isosceles trapezoidal address array. The phase information of each qubit is encoded as the offset of the address pair in that layer relative to the center of that layer. Step 2: Apply inter-layer synchronization constraints: The address pairs of all layers maintain a consistent offset relative to their respective layer centers. This synchronization constraint ensures that the phase drift of multiple qubits in the entangled state is synchronized, preventing entanglement disruption caused by asynchronous drift. Step 3: During transmission, the address pairs of each layer are monitored in parallel. When the offset of one layer changes, the offsets of all other layers change synchronously to maintain consistency between layer offsets. Step 4: When the inter-layer offset consistency is detected to be violated, an inter-layer resynchronization operation is triggered to synchronize each layer address pair back to its initial offset position within its respective layer and restore the entangled association. Step 5: At the receiving end, read the address pair offsets of each layer to reconstruct the phase information of each qubit. Because the inter-layer synchronization constraints ensure the consistency of the offsets across layers, the reconstructed entangled state maintains the original phase correlation. (ii) The present invention also provides a quantum entangled state transmission preservation system based on inter-layer synchronization constraints, comprising: An entangled state allocation unit is used to allocate each qubit in the entangled state to an independent layer of the address array. An inter-layer synchronization constraint unit, connected to the entangled state allocation unit, is used to apply inter-layer offset consistency constraints. An inter-layer offset monitoring unit, connected to the inter-layer synchronization constraint unit, is used to monitor the offsets of each layer's address pairs in parallel. An inter-layer resynchronization unit, connected to the inter-layer offset monitoring unit, is used to perform a resynchronization operation when consistency is violated. A receiver phase reconstruction unit is used to reconstruct the phase information of each qubit in the entangled state from the offsets of each layer's address pairs. (III) The present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) Compared with the independent encoding of multiple qubits in the existing scheme, the present invention ensures that the phase drift of all qubits in the entangled state is synchronized through inter-layer synchronization constraints, avoiding entanglement destruction caused by asynchronous drift. (2) The inter-layer resynchronization mechanism automatically restores entanglement correlation when consistency is destroyed, improving the robustness of entangled state transmission. (3) Parallel monitoring of each layer results in fast error correction response. (4) Compatible with existing quantum repeaters and entanglement distribution networks. (5) Works in conjunction with SG00140: SG00140 provides single-channel phase locking, and SG00141 provides multi-channel synchronization constraints. Detailed Implementation

[0004] Example 1: Interlayer synchronous transmission of two-bit entangled states. This embodiment applies the inter-layer synchronization constraint method of the present invention to the transmission preservation of two-bit entangled states. S1. Entangled State Allocation. The two entangled qubits are allocated to layers 0 and 1 of the address array, respectively. The phase of each qubit is encoded as the offset of that layer's address pair relative to the center position. S2. Inter-layer synchronization constraint. Apply synchronization constraint: The address pair offsets of Layer 0 and Layer 1 remain consistent. During transmission, the offsets of the two layers change synchronously. S3. Offset Monitoring. During transmission, the address pair offsets of Layer 0 and Layer 1 are monitored in parallel. When an inconsistency in the offsets of the two layers is detected, a resynchronization operation is triggered. S4. Resynchronize execution. Pull the two-layer address pairs back to their initial offset positions to restore the entangled association. S5. Receiver reconstruction. Read the offsets of the two address pairs to reconstruct the phase information of the two qubits. Implementation Results: Theoretical analysis shows that without inter-layer synchronization constraints, the entanglement fidelity of two qubits decreases significantly during transmission due to asynchronous phase drift. With the inter-layer synchronization constraints of this invention, the phase drift of the two qubits is synchronized, the entanglement correlation is preserved, and the transmission fidelity is expected to be significantly improved. Example 2: Interlayer synchronous transmission in multi-bit GHZ state. This embodiment applies the inter-layer synchronization constraint method of the present invention to the transmission preservation of multi-bit GHZ states. S1. Entangled state allocation. Multiple qubits in the GHz state are allocated to multiple independent layers of the address array. S2, Inter-layer synchronization constraints (same as in Example 1). S3. Multi-channel parallel monitoring. Address pair offsets are monitored simultaneously across all layers to ensure offset consistency between any two layers. S4. Resynchronize execution (same as Example 1). Implementation Results: Theoretical analysis shows that the GHZ state is extremely sensitive to phase relationships. By employing the interlayer synchronization constraint of this invention, the phase drift of all qubits in the GHZ state remains consistent, thus preserving the entangled structure. Example 3: Synergy with the SG00140 fidelity enhancement system. In this embodiment, the interlayer synchronization constraint system of the present invention works in conjunction with the SG00140 fidelity enhancement system. S1, SG00140 fidelity enhancement layer. The phase-locking mechanism of SG00140 runs independently on each layer to ensure that phase drift of each layer is corrected in a timely manner. S2, SG00141 Inter-layer synchronization layer. Above the SG00140 fidelity enhancement layer, the inter-layer synchronization constraint mechanism of this invention is run to ensure the consistency of offset between layers. S3. Dual-layer protection. Single-layer locking ensures that the phase of each qubit does not drift; inter-layer synchronization ensures that the phase relationship of multiple qubits is not destroyed. Implementation results: Theoretical analysis shows that the fidelity of entangled state transmission can be significantly improved after single-layer locking and inter-layer synchronization. Attached Figure Description

[0005] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of the overall architecture of the interlayer synchronous constrained entangled state transmission system of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of synchronous monitoring of inter-layer offset. Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the inter-layer resynchronization operation. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of synchronization constraints in the transmission of entangled states of multiple qubits. Terminology Explanation

[0006] Interlayer synchronization constraint: The address pairs of all layers maintain the same offset relative to the center position of their respective layers, ensuring the phase drift synchronization of multiple qubits in the entangled state. Interlayer offset monitoring unit: A hardware unit that monitors the offset of address pairs in each layer in parallel and detects whether the consistency has been violated. Inter-layer resynchronization unit: A hardware unit that synchronizes the address pairs of each layer back to their initial offset position when the consistency of offsets between layers is disrupted. Entangled state allocation unit: A hardware unit that assigns each qubit in an entangled state to an independent layer of the address array.

Claims

1. A method for preserving the transmission of entangled quantum states based on inter-layer synchronization constraints, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Each qubit in the quantum entangled state is assigned to an independent layer of an isosceles trapezoidal address array, and the phase of each qubit is encoded as the offset of the layer address pair relative to the center position; Apply inter-layer synchronization constraints: ensure that the address pairs of all layers maintain consistent offsets; During transmission, the offset of each layer's address pair is monitored in parallel. When the consistency of the inter-layer offset is detected to be broken, an inter-layer resynchronization operation is triggered. Inter-layer resynchronization operation pulls the address pairs of each layer back to their initial offset positions. At the receiving end, the offset of each layer address pair is read to reconstruct the phase information of each qubit in the entangled state.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The criterion for determining whether the interlayer offset consistency is disrupted is that the offset difference between any two layers exceeds a preset tolerance.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inter-layer resynchronization operation uses a shared reference address pair as a reference, and all layers are synchronized back to the initial offset position.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The address pair offsets of each layer change synchronously during transmission to ensure that the entanglement association is not destroyed by asynchronous drift.

5. A quantum entangled state transmission preservation system based on inter-layer synchronization constraints, characterized in that, include: Entangled state allocation unit, used to allocate each qubit in the entangled state to an independent layer of the address array; Interlayer synchronization constraint unit, connected to the entangled state allocation unit, is used to apply interlayer offset consistency constraints; Inter-layer offset monitoring unit, connected to the inter-layer synchronization constraint unit, is used to monitor the offset of each layer address pair in parallel; An inter-layer resynchronization unit, connected to the inter-layer offset monitoring unit, is used to perform a resynchronization operation when consistency is violated. The receiver phase reconstruction unit is used to reconstruct the phase information of each qubit in the entangled state from the offset of each layer address pair.

6. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The monitoring frequency of the interlayer offset monitoring unit is greater than the reciprocal of the coherence time of the entangled state.

7. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The execution time of the inter-layer resynchronization unit is less than the decoherence feature time of the entangled state.

8. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The system works in conjunction with the SG00140 macroscopic quantum state fidelity enhancement system, where SG00140 provides single-layer phase locking and SG00141 provides inter-layer synchronization constraints.

9. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The system is compatible with at least one entangled state type among GHZ state, W state, and cluster state.

10. A quantum communication chip, characterized in that: The system includes the quantum entangled state transmission preservation system according to any one of claims 5-9, wherein the chip is integrated into a quantum repeater or a quantum network node.

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