Hash chain-based ship carbon emission data security storage system and method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of ship carbon emission data security storage systems and methods based on hash chain, it is related to data security and intelligent communication technical field, the system mainly includes: data acquisition and verification module is used to real-time acquisition ship multi-source operating variable and executes consistency verification, discriminates source tampering risk to generate underlying data sub-chain;Environment perception and link prediction module is output link quality prediction index by constructing space-time attribute graph and prediction model;Hierarchical anchor point dynamic generation module adjusts storage frequency according to the index self-adapting, and signature aggregation is generated to main chain anchor point block to sub-chain root hash;Asynchronous communication and data stitching module then preferentially transports main chain anchor point block and maintains continuity evidence, and after network recovery, missing underlying data is directed repair and stitching.This application realizes entity data source anti-fake and seamless breakpoint continuation under adverse network conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of data security and intelligent communication technology, specifically to a secure storage system and method for ship carbon emission data based on hash chains. Background Technology

[0002] As the global shipping industry undergoes a low-carbon transformation, accurate monitoring and reliable documentation of ship carbon emissions have become core requirements for meeting international maritime regulatory needs. However, ocean-going vessels navigate complex natural environments for extended periods, and the demand for reliable carbon emission documentation, which requires strong continuity and stringent auditing standards, presents an irreconcilable contradiction with the extremely limited and vulnerable physical communication infrastructure in the ocean.

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, existing technologies typically tend to introduce a basic blockchain framework or a conventional hash chain structure to ensure the immutability of stored data. In practical engineering implementations, the industry generally employs a communication synchronization strategy of edge-range packetization and centralized verification. Furthermore, to adapt to limited transmission bandwidth, existing engineering implementations usually supplement this with conventional data compression algorithms or breakpoint full retransmission mechanisms.

[0004] Despite these solutions, several issues remain in the complexities of ocean-going engineering practices: First, traditional hash chains are extremely sensitive to temporal continuity. In the frequently disconnected network environment at sea, the loss of even a single data packet can paralyze all subsequent verifications of the entire chain, leading to malicious full retransmissions and exhausting channel resources. Second, existing evidence storage mechanisms only guarantee information security after data is embedded in the chain, but cannot identify human intervention at the data collection source, resulting in a severe disconnect between the actual energy consumption of physical equipment and the digital traceability results. Finally, facing the high-frequency vibrations, high temperatures, and strong electromagnetic interference inside the ship's engine room, existing solutions generally lack the robustness and fault tolerance of the underlying storage bits. Even minor damage to the local physical medium can easily lead to the complete obsolescence of historical evidence storage chains with extremely long lifecycles.

[0005] Therefore, this invention proposes a secure storage system and method for ship carbon emission data based on hash chains. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a secure storage system and method for ship carbon emission data based on hash chains, so as to solve the existing problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a secure storage system for ship carbon emission data based on hash chains, comprising: The data acquisition and verification module is used to collect multi-source operating parameters of ships in real time, and to perform consistency verification on the underlying data, identify the risk of source tampering, and generate the initial underlying data sub-chain. The environmental perception and link prediction module is used to construct a spatiotemporal attribute map characterizing the ship's dynamic environment, establish a link status perception and prediction model, and then output a link quality prediction index. The hierarchical anchor point dynamic generation module is used to dynamically adjust the storage frequency according to the link quality prediction index, and at the same time perform a signature aggregation operation on the root hash of the underlying data sub-chain to generate the main chain anchor point block. The asynchronous communication and data stitching module is used to prioritize the transmission of the main chain anchor block for continuous evidence storage, and after detecting network recovery, to perform targeted repair and chain stitching for missing data.

[0008] A further improvement of this invention is that the data acquisition and co-source verification module comprises a multi-dimensional parameter acquisition unit and an energy logic verification unit; wherein, the multi-dimensional parameter acquisition unit is responsible for synchronously acquiring characteristic data of the combustion input end and the power output end; and the energy logic verification unit is responsible for verifying the matching correlation between mechanical work output and fuel consumption.

[0009] A further improvement of the present invention is that the specific method by which the energy logic verification unit performs consistency verification includes: The fuel mass flow rate, shaft torque, and instantaneous speed of the main engine are acquired by the multi-source sampling unit; the above multi-dimensional parameters are substituted into the pre-configured longitudinal dynamic energy evolution equation to calculate the energy operation deviation between the actual work output of the main engine and the theoretical calorific value of fuel consumption. Determine whether the energy operation deviation is within a preset reasonable tolerance range; If the energy operation deviation exceeds the reasonable tolerance range, it is determined that the carbon emission data within the current time window is at risk of source tampering, and the on-chain action is rejected. The critical condition for the reasonable tolerance range is set as follows: the deviation of the energy operation deviation from the ship's initial calibration power consumption benchmark is less than or equal to 5%; the sampling frequency of the multi-source sampling unit is set to 1Hz, and the sampling channels are aligned in sequence through a unified system timestamp.

[0010] A further improvement of this invention is that the environmental perception and link prediction module includes a spatiotemporal topology construction unit and an attenuation feature analysis unit; the spatiotemporal topology construction unit maps the flight trajectory and meteorological grid to graph structure nodes; the attenuation feature analysis unit is used to mine the deep correlation attenuation patterns of each node in the time and space dimensions.

[0011] A further improvement of this invention is that the specific process of the attenuation feature parsing unit in carrying out prediction based on the link state awareness prediction model includes: receiving the graph node features output by the spatiotemporal topology construction unit and inputting them into the adaptive sliding window graph attention network model; then, through the control center built into the adaptive sliding window graph attention network model, dynamically scaling the observation step of the time sliding window according to the time-varying gradient of the node attributes; finally, quantifying and calculating the attention allocation weight of each node across different spatiotemporal domains, thereby extracting the implicit attenuation features of the communication channel under dynamic navigation environment.

[0012] A further improvement of this invention is that the link state awareness prediction model further includes: real-time monitoring of the convergence state of the attention weights, and when the weights diverge, the historical steady-state weight average of the preceding communication cycle is introduced as compensation; the step size adjustment process of the adaptive sliding window is dynamically solved based on the Markov decision process to find the optimal observation window under the current meteorological grid data.

[0013] A further improvement of this invention is that the hierarchical anchor point dynamic generation module includes a periodic control unit and a signature aggregation unit; the periodic control unit is configured to adjust the step size of anchor point generation according to the link quality; and the signature aggregation unit is configured to calculate the sub-chain root hash and perform asymmetric encryption.

[0014] A further improvement of the present invention is that the method for dynamically optimizing the generation period span of the anchor point by the period control unit includes: when the link quality prediction index is observed to be deteriorating and breaking through a preset fading threshold, the generation time window of the main link anchor point block is shortened, thereby reducing the data retransmission load caused by a single disconnection; conversely, when the link quality prediction index rises and exceeds a stable threshold, the generation time window of the main link anchor point block is widened to reduce the frequency of interactive handshakes in the satellite channel.

[0015] A further improvement of the present invention is that the asynchronous communication and data stitching module includes an anchor-priority transmission unit and a directional retransmission repair unit; the anchor-priority transmission unit is configured to ensure the continuity of the main link in a narrow bandwidth environment; the directional retransmission repair unit is configured to complete the missing underlying data after the link is restored. The specific method by which the directional retransmission repair unit performs chain stitching includes: real-time detection of the connectivity status of the ship's communication link based on hardware level fluctuations; during the link interruption, the underlying data sub-link is continuously written into the independent trusted execution environment of the shipborne terminal for temporary storage; after the link is restored, the missing time interval is locked based on the verification identifier of shore-based feedback, and the corresponding data is directionally extracted from the independent trusted execution environment for retransmission.

[0016] On the other hand, the present invention provides a secure storage method for ship carbon emission data based on hash chains, comprising the following steps: S1. Simultaneously acquire the operating parameters of the ship's combustion end and power output end, and perform a consistency check based on energy operation laws; S2. Construct a spatiotemporal attribute map of the ship and use the link status awareness prediction model to predict the link quality prediction index within the future observation window; S3. Dynamically adjust the anchor point generation frequency of the hierarchical hash structure based on the prediction results; S4. Prioritize transmitting the main chain anchor point to the shore base, and automatically retransmit the missing bottom-level sub-chain nodes after detecting link recovery to complete chain stitching.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This invention first solves the technical problem of severe disconnect between underlying entity energy consumption and digital traceability results caused by the high dependence of existing hash evidence storage systems on single sensor signals by synchronously acquiring multi-dimensional operational characteristic parameters of the ship's combustion end and power output end and performing consistency cross-verification. It achieves strong coupling discrimination of data source and ensures the objectivity of carbon emission evidence storage data and source anti-counterfeiting under extremely long life cycle.

[0018] 2. By constructing a spatiotemporal attribute map that integrates navigation trajectory and meteorological grid, and using an adaptive sliding time window graph attention network model, the spatiotemporal correlation attention weights of each node are obtained to output the link quality prediction index. This solves the problem of large-scale data link loss caused by extremely weak connectivity in the ocean, realizes accurate feedforward prediction of the implicit attenuation characteristics of microwave channels, and enables the system to adaptively adjust the generation of hierarchical anchor points and handshake frequency, greatly reducing communication congestion and retransmission overhead under limited satellite bandwidth. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the operation of a hash chain-based secure storage system for ship carbon emission data according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments of the present invention and the specific features in the embodiments are detailed descriptions of the technical solution of the present invention, rather than limitations thereof. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the technical features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0021] The term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent three cases: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone.

[0022] Example 1 Figure 1 This embodiment illustrates the operation flowchart of a hash chain-based secure storage system for ship carbon emission data, including: The main framework of the hash chain-based ship carbon emission data secure storage system is as follows: Deployed within the shipborne intelligent gateway, the system primarily consists of four core components integrated into a collaborative workflow: a data acquisition and verification module, an environmental perception and link prediction module, a hierarchical anchor point dynamic generation module, and an asynchronous communication and data stitching module.

[0023] During routine ocean voyages, the data acquisition and verification module intercepts multi-source operational parameters at the underlying level in real time and performs consistency verification. The verified parameters are then encapsulated into an initial underlying data sub-chain. The environment perception and link prediction module constructs a graph by parsing external spatiotemporal attributes and proactively outputs a link quality prediction index. The hierarchical anchor point dynamic generation module receives this index, adaptively adjusts the storage frequency, and performs signature aggregation on the root hash of the sub-chain to generate the main chain anchor block. Finally, the asynchronous communication and data stitching module prioritizes pushing the main chain anchor block to the shore-based terminal for continuous storage under weak bandwidth conditions and performs targeted repair on missing underlying data after network recovery. This basic embodiment, through the coupling of these four components, initially constructs a mechanism where the main chain is continuous and the sub-chains are asynchronous, thus resolving the challenge of link synchronization in a weak connection environment at the macro-system level.

[0024] Example 2 This embodiment provides a highly detailed preferred system solution to address the problems of disconnect between digital traceability and adaptive transmission of high-dimensional data. For the data acquisition and verification stages, conventional evidence storage systems often directly hash the level signals output by various sensors. If shipping companies, in order to circumvent high carbon emission allowance fees, implant bypass jammers at the hardware connection points of the sensors, the system will irreversibly solidify this false data on the blockchain, thus creating a data deception problem where the physical layer and the digital layer are completely disconnected.

[0025] To address this issue, the multi-dimensional parameter acquisition unit under the data acquisition and verification module synchronously acquires parameters from the combustion input and power output ends at a uniformly calibrated sampling frequency of 1 Hz. The energy logic verification unit then checks the matching correlation between actual mechanical work and fuel consumption. The specific derivation process is as follows: First, the shaft torque within the current observation time window is multiplied by the instantaneous rotational angular velocity of the main engine, and an integral operation is performed in the continuous time domain within this time window to obtain the actual work output of the main engine. Second, the fuel mass flow rate output from the Coriolis mass flow meter, the lower heating value of this batch of marine heavy oil, and the theoretical thermal efficiency benchmark value under specific load conditions are multiplied and integrated within the same observation time window to obtain the corresponding theoretical calorific value consumption. Finally, the absolute value of the difference between the actual work output and the theoretical calorific value consumption is calculated and divided by the sum of the theoretical calorific value consumption and a very small positive number to calculate the energy operation deviation rate for the current window. This zero-prevention minimum positive number is introduced into the calculation logic to avoid arithmetic division-by-zero paralysis caused by the theoretical energy consumption approaching zero under extremely low idling conditions of the ship. The preferred value is 10 to the power of -6. The technical support for this value is that the random level fluctuation of marine flow meters under low noise conditions is usually on the order of 10 to the power of -4. This setting can both avoid calculation crashes and ensure an objective reflection of the deviation rate within the normal power range.

[0026] The critical condition for this reasonable tolerance range is set at a deviation rate of less than 5%. This is because large two-stroke diesel engines experience transient speed fluctuations due to sudden changes in wave resistance under complex sea conditions. The natural drift of their energy conversion rate typically oscillates between 3.5% and 4.2%. Therefore, a 5% tolerance limit can fully accommodate mechanical fluctuations caused by the objective physical environment, while also effectively intercepting tampering actions such as manually opening bypass drain valves. For example, when faced with profit-driven sensor tampering, traditional methods often fail to identify the source of the false signal, resulting in invalid evidence. This solution, through the strong coupling logic of mechanical output and chemical input, can instantly lock onto tampering and prevent forged data from being uploaded to the blockchain.

[0027] Following this, in the environmental perception and link prediction phase, conventional maritime communication synchronization mechanisms often employ a fixed-period heartbeat packet probing method, which is highly susceptible to retransmission problems due to sudden channel drops during severe convective weather. This system's spatiotemporal topology construction unit maps the navigation trajectory and meteorological grid to graph structure nodes, while the attenuation performance analysis unit uses an adaptive sliding window graph attention network model to uncover the correlation attenuation patterns. The process of quantifying and calculating the attention allocation weights for each node is as follows: The hidden state vectors of the current entity node and the predicted associated nodes are obtained separately. These two state vectors are linearly mapped using an internally defined shared dimensionality reduction weight matrix, and then concatenated at the bit level with a parameter representing the attenuation severity of the water vapor microwave absorption rate between the two nodes. Subsequently, parameterized row vectors are used to map the concatenated multidimensional vectors to a one-dimensional scalar, and the activation state values ​​of the forward connections are extracted using a leaky modified linear unit. Finally, within a defined local effective observation neighborhood, the activation state values ​​generated between the current node and all associated nodes are subjected to exponential normalization, thereby deriving the attention allocation weights. The leakage rate of the negative half-axis of the modified linear unit with leakage is preferably 0.2. This is because the scattering of microwaves in cumulonimbus clouds can result in extremely weak signals. Retaining this negative gradient slope can effectively transmit the fading gradient information in the weak connection state and prevent neuron inactivation in severe sea conditions.

[0028] For the step size adjustment of the adaptive sliding window, the system uses a Markov decision process for dynamic solution. The system simultaneously acquires the mean square error (MSE) parameter of the link quality prediction index for the current cycle, and the absolute value of the sliding window observation step size adjustment span. A first penalty allocation factor of 0.85 is assigned to the MSE parameter, and a second penalty allocation factor of 0.15 is assigned to the absolute value of the span. The weighted sum of the two is then calculated. Finally, the negative of this weighted sum is taken as the comprehensive reward value for the current scaling action. This high penalty ratio is because the cost of link loss due to inaccurate storm fading prediction far outweighs the computational overhead of microprocessor adjustment, thus driving the model to converge rapidly to the optimal observation window. If attention weights diverge due to sudden loss of sensor data, the system automatically imports the historical steady-state weight average of the previous ten communication cycles for smooth replacement. During the dynamic generation phase of hierarchical anchor points, the aggregation process for generating main chain anchor block is as follows: Collect the hash values ​​of all underlying data blocks generated within the dynamic generation time window, and concatenate them sequentially to form a sub-chain data string; merge this sub-chain data string with the absolute time-series timestamp uniformly issued by the system at the bit level; finally, perform asymmetric encryption in the hash function, and the unique output hash value serves as the main chain anchor block. When the predicted exponential rate is observed to fall below the fading threshold, the generation time window is tightened. This fading threshold is preferably set to 1.5 times the lower limit of the nominal available bandwidth of the current satellite package. The reason for this setting is that the system must reserve sufficient time margin for secure data from underlying generation to antenna queuing for transmission, avoiding a large number of main chain anchor points remaining in memory when the channel is disconnected; conversely, when the stability threshold is exceeded, the time window is widened.

[0029] Finally, during the asynchronous communication and data stitching phase, the directional retransmission repair unit detects connectivity status in real time based on hardware level fluctuations. During the disconnection period, it continuously writes the underlying data sub-chain into an independent trusted execution environment for temporary storage. After the link is restored, a Bloom filter carrying misalignment offsets, based on shore-based feedback, verifies and locks the missing time interval, and retrieves the corresponding data from the temporary storage area for retransmission. For example, traditional blockchain synchronization solutions often require re-reconciling tens of megabytes of data after experiencing signal blind spots, while this solution, through a continuous main chain and sub-chain stitching mechanism, only requires a few thousand bytes of mutual recognition traffic to quickly locate the missing block.

[0030] The threshold and weight settings involved in this embodiment can be set by default according to the present invention, or can be set by those skilled in the art.

[0031] Example 3 This embodiment provides an execution flow scheme for a hash chain-based method for secure storage of ship carbon emission data.

[0032] Within each set operating clock cycle, the system triggers step one, activating the multi-channel analog-to-digital converter interface to simultaneously acquire high-frequency operating parameters from the ship's combustion and power output ends. It then performs a consistency check based on the aforementioned energy operation deduction logic and tolerance thresholds, directly blocking forged data that does not conform to the energy conversion conservation logic from being uploaded to the blockchain. After successful verification, the data enters the cache and proceeds to step two. The system retrieves the current ship's latitude and longitude vectors and meteorological grid information to construct a spatiotemporal attribute map of the ship. Using a link state awareness prediction model that has undergone offline training and online fine-tuning, it deduces the link quality prediction index within the future observation window. Subsequently, the instruction set advances to step three. Based on the acquired prediction index, the central control logic dynamically issues instructions to adjust the anchor point generation frequency of the hierarchical hash structure. This accelerates the snapshot capture of the main chain anchor points when network deterioration is predicted, not only avoiding the risk of data backlog during disconnection but also setting a high-frequency positioning beacon for subsequent breakpoint resumption. Finally, in step four, the underlying transmission protocol stack prioritizes sending a very small main chain anchor point to the shore-based server to maintain the continuity of the evidence declaration. In the background process, it continuously polls the link status, and once a successful radio frequency handshake is detected, it automatically retransmits the missing underlying sub-chain nodes to complete the stitching and comparison of the entire data. This coherent method eliminates the need for detailed hardware implementation, ensuring efficient, pipeline-like operation of ship data from acquisition to rights confirmation.

[0033] Example 4 This embodiment provides a variant alternative to address algorithm degradation and disaster recovery in harsh physical environments during the long service life of ships. Considering the decades-long lifespan of cargo ships, existing cryptographic hash algorithms may face the threat of being cracked by quantum computing. Therefore, this variant scheme embeds an algorithm agility replacement mechanism in the signature aggregation unit, allocates a dual-key derivation space within an independent trusted execution environment, and reserves an adaptive version identifier bit when data is aggregated and uploaded to the chain. When the encryption algorithm needs to be reconstructed, the system combines the verification signatures generated by the old and new algorithms in the next main chain anchor generation cycle, achieving smooth algorithm iteration without truncating the historical data chain. In addition, the ship's engine room is filled with extremely high temperatures and electromagnetic interference, which can easily cause random bit flips in the storage medium, and hash operations are extremely sensitive to such underlying bit distortions. To address this issue, this variant pre-intervenes a Reed-Solomon error correction coding process before writing the underlying data sub-chain nodes into the temporary storage area. The original sensor parameters and the generated accompanying checksum are packaged together. When media damage occurs during the reading process, causing local data block distortion, the system does not immediately declare the chain broken. Instead, it first calls the error correction matrix to perform inverse algebraic operations for bit-level repair. Only after successful repair is the hash comparison performed. This variant mechanism gives the hash chain the ability to be self-immune to minor media damage, significantly extending the system's fault-free operation cycle under extreme conditions.

[0034] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0035] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0036] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0037] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0038] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims. All of these forms are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A secure storage system for ship carbon emission data based on hash chains, characterized in that: The system includes: The data acquisition and verification module is used to collect multi-source operating parameters of ships in real time, and to perform consistency verification on the underlying data, identify the risk of source tampering, and generate the initial underlying data sub-chain. The environmental perception and link prediction module is used to construct a spatiotemporal attribute map characterizing the ship's dynamic environment, establish a link status perception and prediction model, and then output a link quality prediction index. The hierarchical anchor point dynamic generation module is used to dynamically adjust the storage frequency according to the link quality prediction index, and at the same time perform a signature aggregation operation on the root hash of the underlying data sub-chain to generate the main chain anchor point block. The asynchronous communication and data stitching module is used to prioritize the transmission of the main chain anchor block for continuous evidence storage, and after detecting network recovery, to perform targeted repair and chain stitching for missing data.

2. The secure storage system for ship carbon emission data based on hash chain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data acquisition and source verification module comprises a multi-dimensional parameter acquisition unit and an energy logic verification unit; wherein, the multi-dimensional parameter acquisition unit is responsible for synchronously acquiring characteristic data of the combustion input end and the power output end; and the energy logic verification unit is responsible for verifying the matching relationship between mechanical work output and fuel consumption.

3. The secure storage system for ship carbon emission data based on hash chain according to claim 2, characterized in that: The specific methods by which the energy logic verification unit performs consistency verification include: The fuel mass flow rate, shaft torque, and instantaneous speed of the main engine are acquired by the multi-source sampling unit; the above multi-dimensional parameters are substituted into the pre-configured longitudinal dynamic energy evolution equation to calculate the energy operation deviation between the actual work output of the main engine and the theoretical calorific value of fuel consumption. Determine whether the energy operation deviation is within a preset reasonable tolerance range; If the energy operation deviation exceeds the reasonable tolerance range, it is determined that the carbon emission data within the current time window is at risk of source tampering, and the on-chain action is rejected; The critical condition for the reasonable tolerance range is set as follows: the deviation of the energy operation deviation from the ship's initial calibration power consumption benchmark is less than or equal to 5%; the sampling frequency of the multi-source sampling unit is set to 1Hz, and the sampling channels are aligned in sequence through a unified system timestamp.

4. A secure storage system for ship carbon emission data based on hash chain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The environmental perception and link prediction module includes a spatiotemporal topology construction unit and an attenuation feature analysis unit. The spatiotemporal topology construction unit maps the flight trajectory and meteorological grid to graph structure nodes. The attenuation feature analysis unit is used to mine the deep correlation attenuation patterns of each node in the time and space dimensions.

5. A secure storage system for ship carbon emission data based on hash chains according to claim 4, characterized in that: The specific process of the attenuation feature analysis unit in making predictions based on the link state awareness prediction model includes: receiving the graph node features output by the spatiotemporal topology construction unit and inputting them into the adaptive sliding window graph attention network model; then, through the control center built into the adaptive sliding window graph attention network model, dynamically scaling the observation step of the time sliding window according to the time-varying gradient of the node attributes; finally, quantifying and calculating the attention allocation weight of each node across different spatiotemporal domains, thereby extracting the implicit attenuation features of the communication channel under dynamic navigation environment.

6. A secure storage system for ship carbon emission data based on hash chains according to claim 5, characterized in that: The link state awareness prediction model further includes: real-time monitoring of the convergence state of the attention weights, and when the weights diverge, the historical steady-state weight average of the preceding communication cycle is introduced as compensation; the step size adjustment process of the adaptive sliding window is dynamically solved based on the Markov decision process to find the optimal observation window under the current meteorological grid data.

7. A secure storage system for ship carbon emission data based on hash chain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hierarchical anchor point dynamic generation module includes a periodic control unit and a signature aggregation unit; the periodic control unit is configured to adjust the step size of anchor point generation according to link quality. The signature aggregation unit is configured to calculate the root hash of the subchain and perform asymmetric encryption.

8. A secure storage system for ship carbon emission data based on hash chain according to claim 7, characterized in that: The method for dynamically optimizing the anchor point generation period span by the period control unit includes: when the link quality prediction index is observed to be deteriorating and falls below a preset fading threshold, the generation time window of the main link anchor block is shortened to reduce the data retransmission load caused by a single disconnection; conversely, when the link quality prediction index rises and exceeds a stable threshold, the generation time window of the main link anchor block is widened to reduce the frequency of satellite channel handshakes.

9. A secure storage system for ship carbon emission data based on hash chains according to claim 2, characterized in that: The asynchronous communication and data stitching module includes an anchor-priority transmission unit and a directional retransmission repair unit; the anchor-priority transmission unit is configured to ensure the continuity of the main chain in a narrow bandwidth environment; The directional retransmission repair unit is configured to complete the missing underlying data after the link is restored; The specific method by which the directional retransmission repair unit performs chain stitching includes: real-time detection of the connectivity status of the ship's communication link based on hardware level fluctuations; During the link interruption, the underlying data sub-chain is continuously written to the shipborne terminal's independent trusted execution environment for temporary storage; after the link is restored, the missing time interval is locked based on the verification identifier from shore-based feedback, and the corresponding data is extracted from the independent trusted execution environment for retransmission.

10. A method for securely storing ship carbon emission data based on hash chains, used to execute a secure storage system for ship carbon emission data based on hash chains as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Simultaneously acquire the operating parameters of the ship's combustion end and power output end, and perform a consistency check based on energy operation laws; S2. Construct a spatiotemporal attribute map of the ship and use the link status awareness prediction model to predict the link quality prediction index within the future observation window; S3. Dynamically adjust the anchor point generation frequency of the hierarchical hash structure based on the prediction results; S4. Prioritize transmitting the main chain anchor point to the shore base, and automatically retransmit the missing bottom-level sub-chain nodes after detecting link recovery to complete chain stitching.

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