An edge algorithm gateway system based on power distribution room environment monitoring

Abstract

The application discloses an edge algorithm gateway system based on power distribution room environment monitoring, and belongs to the technical field of Internet of Things edge computing, and the system comprises a device layer, an MQTT edge algorithm gateway layer, a visual platform layer and an application layer, and the core lies in the edge algorithm gateway layer, which is provided with a multi-protocol adaptive acquisition module, a logic control engine module and an MQTT communication module; the gateway can dynamically adapt to various sensors accessed and run a control logic script, so that local rapid autonomous response of sound and light alarm, drainage / smoke exhaust, air conditioner start / stop and camera linkage under abnormal conditions such as water immersion, smoke and temperature and humidity is realized; meanwhile, the gateway communicates with the local visual platform and the cloud operation and maintenance platform through the MQTT protocol, so that data uploading and remote management are realized. The application realizes local intelligentization, rapid response and cloud-edge collaboration of power distribution room monitoring, and significantly improves safety and operation and maintenance efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of Internet of Things edge computing and intelligent power distribution monitoring, and specifically relates to an edge algorithm gateway system for environment monitoring of power distribution rooms that integrates environment perception, edge computing, logic control and visualized operation and maintenance. Background Art

[0002] As a key node of power supply, the stability of the internal environment of a power distribution room (such as temperature and humidity, water immersion, smoke, etc.) is directly related to the safe operation and service life of power equipment. Traditional environment monitoring of power distribution rooms mostly adopts a mode in which sensors are directly connected to a supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system, which has the following defects: 1) Data is directly uploaded to the cloud, resulting in strong network dependency, and the monitoring capability is lost when the network is interrupted; 2) The system response has large latency, the link from perception to cloud decision-making and then to on-site control distribution is long, which cannot meet the requirements of rapid linkage disposal for emergency events such as fire and water immersion; 3) The system is inflexible, and the central system needs to be reconfigured when adding or replacing sensor equipment, leading to complicated operation and maintenance; 4) The video monitoring system and the environment parameter monitoring system are usually isolated, making it impossible to realize event-based intelligent linkage and visualized forensics.

[0003] In the prior art, although edge computing devices are used for local data processing, they usually have single functions or only serve as data transparent transmission gateways, lacking the adaptive access capability for on-site devices with multiple protocols and multiple rates, as well as the capability to dynamically execute complex control logic based on collected data. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a power distribution room environment monitoring system that can realize local intelligent decision-making, rapid linkage response, and support cloud collaboration. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide an edge algorithm gateway system based on power distribution room environment monitoring. By constructing a layered Internet of Things architecture and deploying an intelligent edge gateway with dynamic configuration, edge computing and logic control capabilities, the system realizes local autonomy, rapid response and cloud-edge collaborative visualized operation and maintenance for power distribution room environment monitoring.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical solution: An edge algorithm gateway system based on power distribution room environment monitoring, comprising an application layer, a visualization platform layer, an MQTT edge algorithm gateway layer and a device layer arranged from top to bottom; The device layer includes an environment perception module, an execution mechanism and a video acquisition module deployed on the site of the power distribution room; the environment perception module at least includes a water immersion sensor, a temperature and humidity sensor, and a smoke sensor; the execution mechanism at least includes an audible and visual alarm, a drainage pump, a smoke exhaust fan and an air conditioner controller; the video acquisition module is a camera; The MQTT edge algorithm gateway layer, as the core of the system, includes: Multi-protocol adaptive acquisition module: It connects to various sensors and actuators at the device layer through multiple physical serial ports, and can dynamically configure the data format and baud rate parameters of serial communication according to the type of access device, so as to realize unified access and data acquisition of multi-source heterogeneous devices; Edge computing and storage module: It has a built-in edge computing operating system and a small database, which are used to run edge applications, process collected data and provide local storage functions; Logic control engine module: Loads and runs preset or dynamically issued control logic scripts; the control logic scripts define the linkage rules between units within the device layer based on real-time data from the environmental perception module; MQTT Communication Broker / Client Module: As an MQTT client, it encapsulates the collected and processed data and generated alarm information into MQTT messages and publishes them to the MQTT server; at the same time, it subscribes to control command topics from the visualization platform layer or application layer, receives and forwards commands to the logic control engine module or device layer; The visualization platform layer includes a local visualization host deployed at the power distribution room site, which is used to subscribe to data from the MQTT server to realize local real-time display of the power distribution room environment status, historical data query, alarm notification and remote control of equipment; The application layer is a cloud-based operation and maintenance platform used to subscribe to data from the MQTT server to achieve centralized monitoring, big data analysis, operation and maintenance management, and remote policy distribution for multiple power distribution rooms across regions.

[0006] Furthermore, the linkage rules implemented by the control logic script include: Water immersion alarm linkage: When the water immersion sensor detects an alarm signal, the logic control engine module immediately triggers the sound and light alarm to start and controls the drainage pump to start working; at the same time, it sends a command to the camera to control it to rotate to the water immersion sensor installation point to capture or record a picture. Smoke alarm linkage: When the smoke sensor detects an alarm signal, the logic control engine module immediately triggers the audible and visual alarm to start and controls the smoke exhaust fan to start; at the same time, it sends a command to the camera to control it to rotate to the smoke sensor installation point for capturing or recording images. Intelligent temperature and humidity control: The logic control engine module continuously monitors temperature and humidity sensor data. When the temperature is below 0°C, it controls the air conditioner controller to turn on the heating mode and turns it off when the temperature reaches 25°C. When the temperature is above 27°C, it controls the air conditioner controller to turn on the cooling mode and turns it off when the temperature reaches 15°C.

[0007] Furthermore, the MQTT communication broker / client module adopts an event-based real-time communication mechanism, supports message publishing at three different quality of service levels to adapt to unstable network environments, and supports a will mechanism to publish a preset will message to the MQTT server when the edge algorithm gateway is abnormally disconnected.

[0008] Furthermore, the control process of the multi-protocol adaptive acquisition module for the device is as follows: the logic control engine module generates control instructions according to the linkage rules, which are encapsulated by the MQTT communication agent / client module or directly sent to the corresponding actuator at the device layer through the serial port to realize the power-on, power-off or mode switching control of the device.

[0009] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Local autonomy and rapid response: Through the logic control engine built into the edge algorithm gateway, millisecond-level intelligent linkage between sensors, actuators, and cameras is realized locally, eliminating absolute dependence on cloud networks and greatly improving the speed and reliability of handling emergencies such as floods and fires.

[0010] Flexible access and easy expansion: The multi-protocol adaptive acquisition module of the edge gateway can dynamically adapt to sensor devices from different manufacturers and with different communication protocols, which greatly reduces the complexity of system integration and subsequent equipment expansion and replacement.

[0011] Cloud-edge collaboration and reliable communication: The MQTT protocol is used to achieve data communication between the cloud, edge, and terminal. Its low overhead, multiple quality of service levels, and legacy mechanism are very suitable for the weak network environment that may exist in the power distribution room, ensuring reliable transmission of monitoring data and the awareness of connection status.

[0012] Multi-layered visual operation and maintenance: It supports both local visual hosts and cloud-based operation and maintenance platforms, which not only meets the real-time monitoring and operation needs of on-site personnel, but also meets the needs of management personnel for remote centralized supervision and decision analysis, thus achieving comprehensive coverage of operation and maintenance modes. Attached Figure Description

[0013] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an edge algorithm gateway system based on power distribution room environment monitoring in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of a logic script example of an edge algorithm gateway system based on power distribution room environment monitoring in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0016] In this document, the term "comprising" is intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0017] Example: The system of this invention adopts a four-layer Internet of Things (IoT) architecture. In the device layer, the water immersion sensor is installed in the cable trench, the smoke sensor is installed above the high-voltage cabinet, the temperature and humidity sensor is installed on the wall, the camera is installed on a bracket that can cover the entire field, and various actuators are connected to the corresponding power supply circuits.

[0018] The MQTT edge algorithm gateway layer is the core of this system. The gateway hardware provides multiple RS-485 / RS-232 serial ports and Ethernet ports. When a new device is connected for the first time, the multi-protocol adaptive acquisition module can dynamically set the baud rate, data bits, parity bits, and data parsing rules of the channel through configuration commands issued by the visualization platform or automatic identification (such as parsing the first frame of data). The acquired data is sent to the edge computing and storage module, where it is filtered and formatted. The data is then stored in a local small database and simultaneously sent to the logic control engine module.

[0019] The logic control engine module runs a script interpreter that executes control logic scripts written in languages ​​such as Python or Lua. Taking a water immersion alarm as an example, the script continuously monitors the data topic of the water immersion sensor. Upon receiving an "alarm" status message, the script immediately performs the following atomic operations: 1) Issues a "start" command to the "Audio-Visual Alarm Control" topic; 2) Issues a "start" command to the "Drain Pump Control" topic; 3) Sends a PTZ control command to the camera's API via the gateway's network interface, causing its preset position to rotate to the water immersion point and triggering image capture. All commands are issued by the MQTT communication broker / client module or the corresponding interface. The alarm cancellation logic is the reverse.

[0020] The MQTT communication broker / client module encapsulates environmental data (such as temperature and humidity values), alarm events, device status, and image URLs captured by cameras in JSON format and publishes them to an MQTT server (such as Mosquitto) deployed locally or in the cloud, according to a preset topic (such as / substation / 001 / temperature). Simultaneously, it subscribes to control topics such as / substation / 001 / control / #. When maintenance personnel click "Manually turn on the air conditioner" on the local host or cloud platform, the command is forwarded to the gateway via the MQTT server, and the gateway then passes it to the logic control engine or directly to the air conditioner controller.

[0021] In the visualization platform layer, local touchscreen computers run Node-RED, configuration software, or customized web applications, subscribing to all relevant topics on the MQTT server to display real-time status through charts, dashboards, video stream integration, and other methods. The application layer cloud platform architecture is similar, but it features advanced functions such as multi-site management, report generation, and user permission management.

[0022] This system has enabled the monitoring of power distribution room environment to leap from simple data collection to a closed loop of "perception-decision-control-evidence collection", which has significantly improved the intelligence level and safety protection capability of power distribution room operation.

[0023] Finally, it should be noted that the above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An edge algorithm gateway system based on power distribution room environmental monitoring, characterized in that, It includes the application layer, visualization platform layer, MQTT edge algorithm gateway layer, and device layer, arranged from top to bottom; The equipment layer includes an environmental sensing module, an actuator, and a video acquisition module deployed at the power distribution room site; The MQTT edge algorithm gateway layer includes: The multi-protocol adaptive acquisition module is used to connect to device-layer devices through multiple physical serial ports and dynamically configure serial communication parameters to achieve data acquisition. Edge computing and storage module, with built-in edge computing operating system and database, for data processing and local storage; The logic control engine module is used to load and run control logic scripts, which define the linkage rules between various units in the device layer based on real-time data from the environment perception module. The MQTT communication broker / client module is used to publish data and alarm information to the MQTT server and subscribe to control commands from the upper layer; The visualization platform layer includes a local visualization host, which is used to realize the local real-time display and control of the power distribution room environment status; The application layer is a cloud-based operation and maintenance platform used to achieve centralized monitoring and operation and maintenance management of multiple power distribution rooms.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The linkage rules implemented by the control logic script include: Water immersion alarm linkage rules: In response to a water immersion sensor alarm, the sound and light alarm and drainage pump are triggered, and the camera is controlled to rotate to the corresponding position to capture images; Smoke alarm linkage rules: In response to a smoke sensor alarm, the sound and light alarm and the smoke exhaust fan are triggered, and the camera is controlled to rotate to the corresponding position to capture images; Temperature and humidity control rules: Based on the temperature and humidity sensor data, the air conditioner controller is controlled to start or stop the cooling or heating mode at the set threshold.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The parameters dynamically configured by the multi-protocol adaptive acquisition module include at least the serial port baud rate and the data frame format.

4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The MQTT communication broker / client module supports message publishing at least three quality of service levels and supports a will mechanism.

5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control commands generated by the logic control engine module are sent to the device layer execution mechanism through the MQTT communication agent / client module or directly through the serial port.

6. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The edge computing and storage module formats the collected data and simultaneously stores the processed data in the local database and uploads it through the MQTT communication agent / client module.

7. A method for monitoring the environment of a power distribution room based on the system described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Through the multi-protocol adaptive acquisition module, data from various sensors and devices at the device layer are dynamically adapted and acquired; S2: The collected data is processed and stored locally in the edge computing and storage module; S3: The logic control engine module analyzes and processes the data in real time according to the preset linkage rules. If the alarm or control conditions are met, a control command is generated. S4: The environmental data, alarm information and camera capture information are published to the MQTT server through the MQTT communication agent / client module, so that the visualization platform layer and application layer can subscribe to them; S5: Send the control commands generated by S3 to the corresponding actuators and cameras at the device layer to complete local linkage control.

Images