A frequency domain grouping method for wireless frequency conversion terminal, network device and system

Abstract

The application discloses a frequency domain grouping and calling method of a wireless frequency conversion terminal, network equipment and a system. The method comprises the following steps: according to the frequency distribution of the frequency selection of each wireless frequency conversion terminal in a coverage area, each terminal is divided into a plurality of terminal groups, and a corresponding downlink driving signal frequency and a response time slot are allocated to each terminal group; each terminal generates an uplink mixing signal with the sum frequency or difference frequency of the downlink driving signal frequency and its own frequency selection frequency when being excited; the corresponding downlink driving signal is transmitted in the response time slot of each group; the uplink mixing signal is received and it is judged whether there is an unresponsive terminal; the frequency range of the group with the unresponsive terminal is reduced for subdivision, and the secondary calling is performed on the unresponsive sub-group after the subdivision. The application realizes selective calling according to the frequency selection grouping, and the mask matching is realized by the hardware characteristics that the frequency returned by the frequency conversion falls into the response frequency band, and is not dependent on the terminal chip to analyze the calling command, and is suitable for passive wireless frequency conversion terminals.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the fields of Internet of Things and wireless sensing technology, specifically to a frequency domain grouping and naming method for a wireless frequency conversion terminal, a network device, and a wireless frequency conversion measurement system. Background Technology

[0002] In a passive frequency conversion system, network equipment (base stations or relay devices) transmits microwave downlink drive signals to wireless frequency conversion terminals within the coverage area. The frequency selection unit within the terminal is excited and oscillates. This oscillation is mixed with the downlink drive signal in the terminal's frequency conversion device, generating an uplink mixed signal with a different frequency than the downlink drive signal, which is then transmitted back to the network equipment. Each terminal has a different frequency selection frequency, and the terminals do not require battery power when being inventoried.

[0003] Chinese Patent Publication No. CN118432631B discloses a passive sensor frequency conversion transmission method, a system time-division polling method, and a system. This method involves a base station transmitting an excitation signal during a transmission period and receiving the reflection frequencies of multiple passive sensors during a reception period. The base station switches its local oscillator frequency to the local oscillator corresponding to different sensors in different time slots, sequentially obtaining the uplink mixing signal of each sensor. The base station's receiving capability is divided into batches according to m = t / tmin. If m is not greater than the number of sensors n, the base station transmits the excitation signal in batches k = ⌈n / m⌉, obtaining the reflection frequency of each batch of sensors; where ⌈⌉ is the rounding up operator. In this method, the base station needs to perform full excitation on all sensors within its coverage area in batches. The more sensors covered, the more batches are required to complete one inventory, and the inventory cycle increases linearly with the number of sensors.

[0004] Chinese patent CN118612685A discloses a method of adding a modulation module to a radio frequency transmission module to modulate a high-frequency downlink drive signal to generate an ID query signal, thereby naming wireless frequency conversion terminals within the coverage area, and including ID information type in the baseband digital signal type. This disclosure only relates to the concept of naming terminals; it does not disclose the time slot scheduling mechanism after naming or the secondary naming method for unresponsive terminals.

[0005] In the traditional field of RFID, there is a deterministic binary tree anti-collision method, represented by the ISO 14443-3 Type B standard. This method involves the terminal comparing the high-order bits of its own identifier with the bit prefix carried by the base station in the command. The matching terminal responds to the allocated time slot and transmits its identifier back within that slot. For time slots where a collision occurs, the base station issues a supplementary name command containing the corresponding bit prefix, and then subdivides the terminal within the colliding time slot bit by bit before querying again. Existing anti-collision methods for RFID rely on the terminal chip parsing commands, performing identifier bit comparisons, generating random numbers, and actively modulating and transmitting the identifier data back.

[0006] Passive frequency conversion (PFC) wireless frequency conversion terminals lack the ability to store and compare identification data, as well as the ability to generate random numbers and parse commands. The terminal's identifier is carried by its selected frequency, and its response behavior when stimulated depends on the combination of its selected frequency and the downlink drive signal frequency. Existing anti-collision methods in the field of radio frequency identification (RFID) cannot be directly applied to wireless frequency conversion systems. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this application provides a frequency domain grouping and naming method for a wireless frequency conversion terminal, a network device, and a wireless frequency conversion measurement system.

[0008] The first aspect of this application provides a frequency domain grouping and naming method for wireless frequency conversion terminals, applied to network devices. The method includes: dividing each terminal into multiple terminal groups according to the frequency selection distribution of each wireless frequency conversion terminal within a coverage area, and assigning a corresponding downlink drive signal frequency and response time slot to each terminal group; wherein, when each wireless frequency conversion terminal is excited by the downlink drive signal, it generates an uplink mixing signal at the frequency of the sum or difference of the downlink drive signal frequency and its own frequency selection frequency; transmitting the downlink drive signal corresponding to the terminal group to the coverage area within the response time slot corresponding to each terminal group; receiving the uplink mixing signal and determining whether there are any unresponsive terminals within the response time slot corresponding to each terminal group; for terminal groups with unresponsive terminals, narrowing the frequency range corresponding to the terminal group to subdivide the terminal group, and performing a secondary naming for the unresponsive subgroups in the subdivided subgroups.

[0009] A second aspect of this application provides a network device, comprising: a partitioning module, configured to partition each terminal into multiple terminal groups based on the frequency distribution of each wireless frequency conversion terminal within a coverage area, and to allocate a corresponding downlink drive signal frequency and response time slot to each terminal group; a transmitting module, configured to transmit a downlink drive signal corresponding to the terminal group to the coverage area within the response time slot corresponding to each terminal group; a receiving module, configured to receive an uplink mixing signal; a determining module, configured to determine whether there are any unresponsive terminals within the response time slot corresponding to each terminal group; and a secondary roll call module, configured to narrow down the frequency range corresponding to the terminal group to subdivide the terminal group for terminal groups with unresponsive terminals, and to perform a secondary roll call on the unresponsive subgroups in the subdivided subgroups.

[0010] A third aspect of this application provides a wireless frequency conversion measurement system, comprising: a network device and a plurality of wireless frequency conversion terminals; wherein the plurality of wireless frequency conversion terminals each have a different frequency selection frequency; when excited by a downlink drive signal, each wireless frequency conversion terminal generates an uplink mixing signal at the frequency of the sum or difference between the downlink drive signal frequency and its own frequency selection frequency; the network device is used to perform the method described in any of the above claims.

[0011] Compared with existing technologies, this application has the following advantages: By dividing each wireless frequency converter terminal into multiple terminal groups according to its selected frequency, and assigning different time slots and corresponding downlink drive signal frequencies to each group, the network device can selectively name terminals by group, eliminating the need for batch-by-batch full-scale excitation of all terminals within the coverage area. Terminal groups that have already responded are not repeatedly named, shortening the inventory cycle in large-scale terminal scenarios. Both terminal grouping and secondary naming are based on the terminal's selected frequency. Mask matching is achieved through the passive hardware characteristic that the uplink mixing signal frequency falls within the network device's receiving frequency band. It does not rely on the terminal chip's parsing of the naming command or active comparison of the identifier data bits, and can be applied to passive wireless frequency converter terminals that do not have command parsing and active encoding capabilities. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the main flow of the frequency domain grouping naming method provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0013] Figure 2 is a scheduling diagram showing the correspondence between terminal groups, response time slots, and return frequency bands provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0014] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of frequency band subdivision for groups with unresponsive terminals provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The technical solution of this application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The following embodiments are only used to illustrate this application and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. The described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0016] The wireless frequency conversion measurement system provided in this application includes a network device and multiple wireless frequency conversion terminals. The network device is a base station or a relay device. The network device includes a first antenna, a transmit link, a receive link, a local oscillator, a baseband processing unit, and a storage unit. The transmit link generates a frequency of f under the drive of the local oscillator. in The downlink drive signal is transmitted via the first antenna to the coverage area of ​​the network equipment. The receiving link receives the uplink mixer signal within the coverage area via the first antenna, filters, down-converts, and performs analog-to-digital conversion on the received signal before sending it to the baseband processing unit. The baseband processing unit performs spectrum analysis and frequency measurement on the analog-to-digital converted signal to obtain the frequency of the uplink mixer signal and signal quality parameters such as signal-to-noise ratio and frequency stability. The storage unit stores the nominal frequency selection frequency, terminal group table, and response time slot table of each wireless frequency conversion terminal within the coverage area, as well as the downlink drive signal frequency and response band configuration corresponding to each terminal group.

[0017] Each wireless frequency converter terminal includes a second antenna, a frequency converter, and a frequency selection unit. The frequency converter is connected to both the second antenna and the frequency selection unit. The terminal does not have a power module, a logic processing chip, or store identification data; all the power required for the terminal to operate comes from the downlink drive signals transmitted by the network equipment.

[0018] The wireless frequency conversion terminals described in this application include two types: sensor terminals and ID terminals. Sensor terminals, while generating uplink mixing signals upon excitation, also transmit the sensed quantities of the measured physical quantities such as temperature and pressure. ID terminals, on the other hand, are only used to transmit identification information and do not include a sensed quantity acquisition stage. The aforementioned frequency domain grouping and naming method, network devices, and systems are equally applicable to both sensor terminals and ID terminals. The following embodiments use sensor terminals as examples for illustration; when the technical solution of this application is applied to ID terminals, only the sensed quantity acquisition stage needs to be omitted; the remaining processes regarding frequency domain grouping, naming, and secondary naming are completely identical, and will not be elaborated upon further in this application.

[0019] In one example, the frequency selection unit employs a crystal resonator, a ceramic resonator, or a surface acoustic wave resonator, and the frequency selection unit has a selection frequency f. r .

[0020] When the second antenna receives the downlink drive signal transmitted by the network device, the frequency converter couples the energy of the downlink drive signal to the frequency selection unit, and the frequency selection unit generates a frequency of f. r The selected frequency signal is mixed with the downlink drive signal in the frequency converter. The combined frequency component generated by the mixing is reflected back to the network device via the second antenna to form the uplink mixed signal.

[0021] In one example, when the frequency conversion combination relationship is a first-order sum-frequency relationship, the frequency f of the uplink mixer signal is... out = f in +f r When the frequency conversion combination relationship is a first-order difference frequency, the frequency f of the uplink mixer signal is... out = f in -f r .

[0022] Frequency selection f of each terminal r These frequencies are set to different values ​​during terminal manufacturing. Because each terminal has a different frequency selection frequency, the uplink mixing signal generated by each terminal will also have a different frequency under the same downlink drive signal. Therefore, the terminal's identification information is carried by its frequency selection frequency, and network devices can distinguish different terminals by measuring the frequency of the uplink mixing signal.

[0023] Whether a terminal generates an uplink mixing signal detectable by a network device when excited by a downlink drive signal depends on whether the frequency of the terminal's uplink mixing signal falls within the response band currently configured by the network device. When the frequency of a terminal's uplink mixing signal falls within the response band, the network device can detect the terminal's uplink mixing signal from the received signal, and the terminal responds. When the frequency of a terminal's uplink mixing signal does not fall within the response band, the terminal's uplink mixing signal is selectively suppressed by the frequency band of the receiving link, the network device cannot detect the terminal, and the terminal does not respond. This application utilizes the above characteristics, using the terminal's frequency selection as the grouping basis, and achieves selective naming on a group-by-group basis by configuring the response band and response time slot.

[0024] Therefore, the system of this application embodiment realizes the carrying and selective response of terminal identifiers through the combination of frequency selection frequency and downlink drive signal frequency, providing a hardware foundation for the frequency domain grouping naming method. Based on the above overall system structure, the following describes the system in conjunction with the appendix. Figure 1 The overall flow of the frequency domain grouping and naming method according to the embodiments of this application will be described.

[0025] Reference Figure 1 The frequency domain grouping naming method provided in this application includes steps S1 to S5. Each step is described below.

[0026] Step S1: The network device divides each terminal into multiple terminal groups according to the frequency distribution of each wireless frequency conversion terminal in the coverage area, and assigns a corresponding downlink drive signal frequency and response time slot to each terminal group.

[0027] Specifically, the frequency distribution of each terminal can be obtained using one or more of the following methods:

[0028] In one example, the network device reads the nominal frequency of each terminal from the deployment record, which is created when the terminal is installed;

[0029] In another example, after system deployment, the network device performs an initial inventory of the coverage area using broadband reception, measures the uplink mixer signal frequency of each terminal, and calculates the frequency based on f. out = f in ± f r The frequency selection frequency of each terminal is calculated.

[0030] In another example, the network device reads the selected frequency recorded in the terminal's factory calibration file.

[0031] It is understandable that the selected frequency obtained through any of the above methods can be the nominal value or an estimated value after correction by the temperature compensation model.

[0032] When dividing terminal groups, the network device divides the frequency selection axis into multiple frequency ranges, with each frequency range corresponding to one terminal group. Terminals whose selected frequencies fall within the same range are grouped into the same terminal group. The following conditions must be met during the division: First, the frequency range width of the same terminal group is not greater than the preset upper limit of the group bandwidth, which is set based on the network device's receiving bandwidth and frequency measurement capability within a single response time slot; Second, a guard interval is provided between the frequency ranges of two adjacent terminal groups. The width of the guard interval is not less than the sum of the terminal's selected frequency drift and the network device's frequency measurement error. The selected frequency drift includes drift caused by temperature drift and drift caused by aging. The guard interval is used to prevent uplink mixing signals generated by terminals in adjacent terminal groups from entering each other's response frequency bands.

[0033] For each terminal packet, the network device determines the downlink drive signal frequency and response band corresponding to that packet based on a preset frequency conversion combination relationship. Taking the sum-frequency combination relationship as an example, let the frequency range of the k-th terminal packet be [f r,min,k ,f r,max,k The downlink drive signal frequency selected by the network device for this packet is f. in,k The response frequency band configured for this group is [f B,L,k , f B,H,k ], then f in,k f r,min,k fr,max,k The frequency band and the response band satisfy: f in,k + f r,min,k Greater than or equal to f B,L,k And f in,k + f r,max,k Less than or equal to f B,H,k The above relationship ensures that the frequencies of all uplink mixing signals generated by all terminals within the terminal group in the sum-frequency mode fall within the response frequency band corresponding to that group. When using the difference-frequency combination relationship, the above relationship becomes: f in,k -f r,max,k Greater than or equal to f B,L,k And f in,k -f r,min,k Less than or equal to f B,H,k .

[0034] The allocation of response time slots satisfies the following conditions: the response time slots corresponding to each terminal group do not overlap; the duration t of each response time slot is [missing information]. slot It shall not be less than the sum of the downlink drive signal transmission duration, signal propagation delay, terminal oscillation setup time, uplink mixing signal reception duration, and time slot protection time; a protection time shall be provided between adjacent response time slots to prevent crosstalk between the uplink mixing signals of adjacent terminal groups at the time slot boundaries.

[0035] In step S2, the network device transmits a downlink drive signal corresponding to the terminal group to the coverage area within the response time slot corresponding to each terminal group.

[0036] Specifically, within the k-th response time slot, the network device configures the signal frequency of the transmit link to the downlink drive signal frequency f corresponding to the k-th terminal packet. in,k The system transmits a downlink drive signal to the coverage area at a preset transmit power. All terminals within the coverage area will receive this downlink drive signal and generate an uplink mixing signal under the action of the frequency converter and frequency selection unit. However, only when the frequency of the uplink mixing signal of a certain terminal falls into the response frequency band corresponding to the k-th response time slot [f] will the uplink mixing signal be transmitted. B,L,k , f B,H,k Only when the uplink mixing signal of a terminal is detected by the network device can the terminal respond; the uplink mixing signal frequencies of other terminals are outside the response frequency band and are selectively suppressed by the frequency band of the receiving link, thus these terminals do not respond. Therefore, the packet filtering of terminals is entirely accomplished by the passive frequency conversion characteristics of the terminals themselves: the terminal does not need to receive or parse any name-calling commands, does not need to store or compare identification number data, and does not need to generate random numbers or perform active modulation. All the terminal's behavior in the packet filtering process is passively determined by the frequency relationship between its selected frequency, the downlink drive signal frequency, and the response frequency band.

[0037] Step S3: The network device receives the uplink mixing signal in each response time slot and determines whether there is an unresponsive terminal in the response time slot corresponding to each terminal group.

[0038] Specifically, for the k-th response time slot, the network device configures the response frequency band of the receiving link to [f] within that response time slot. B,L,k , f B,H,k The system performs energy detection and frequency measurement within the response frequency band. It determines whether there are unresponsive terminals using one or more of the following methods: First, if the network device does not detect an uplink mixing signal exceeding the detection threshold within the entire response time slot, it determines that all terminals in the k-th terminal group are unresponsive; Second, if the number of uplink mixing signals detected by the network device within the response frequency band is less than the expected number of terminals in the k-th terminal group, it determines that there are unresponsive terminals in the k-th terminal group, where the expected number is determined based on the number of terminals recorded in the terminal group table; Third, if the network device detects an uplink mixing signal, but the signal-to-noise ratio or frequency stability of a certain uplink mixing signal is lower than a preset quality threshold, it determines that the terminal corresponding to that uplink mixing signal has not responded effectively. The detection threshold is preset based on the noise figure of the receiving link, the downlink drive signal transmit power, and the path loss between the terminal and the network device.

[0039] Step S4: For terminal packets with unresponsive terminals, the network device narrows the frequency range corresponding to the terminal packet to subdivide the terminal packet, and performs a second roll call on the unresponsive sub-packets in the subdivided sub-packets.

[0040] The purpose of this subdivision is to divide the frequency range of unresponsive terminals into narrower sub-ranges, so that unresponsive terminals are separated from responsive terminals in the frequency domain. This way, during the second roll call, only the sub-group containing the unresponsive terminal is activated, and responsive terminals are no longer repeatedly rolled and no longer consume response time slot resources.

[0041] In one segmentation method, network devices use a binary segmentation approach. The frequency range of terminal groups containing unresponsive terminals [f] is defined. a , f b [With midpoint f] mid = (f a + f b ) / 2 is divided into [f a , f mid ] and [f mid , f b Two subranges, [f a , f mid The corresponding terminals constitute subgroup Ga, [f] mid , f bThe corresponding terminals constitute sub-packets Gb. The network device allocates new downlink drive signal frequencies and new acknowledgment time slots to sub-packets Ga and Gb respectively, ensuring that the corresponding response frequency bands of sub-packets Ga and Gb do not overlap. The network device sequentially transmits the corresponding downlink drive signals in the two new acknowledgment time slots and, based on the reception results in the two new acknowledgment time slots, determines which sub-packets in Ga and Gb have unresponsive terminals.

[0042] In another segmentation method, network devices use a bit-mask shrinking approach. The frequency range of terminal packets is uniformly quantized into 2^L quantization intervals, where L is a positive integer. Each quantization interval is identified by an L-bit binary index. When configuring response bands for sub-packets, the network device specifies the prefix of the quantization interval index using a B-bit mask. Quantization intervals whose first B bits of the index match the mask are configured as response bands, while the remaining quantization intervals are excluded. When a sub-packet contains an unresponsive terminal, the network device increases the mask bit width B, refining the index prefix bit by bit, gradually narrowing the frequency range covered by the response band until the quantization interval containing the unresponsive terminal is located. When B is 1, the bit-mask shrinking method is a binary segmentation method.

[0043] Regardless of the segmentation method used, for sub-packets where all responses have been confirmed after segmentation, the network device marks the corresponding frequency range of that sub-packet as completed. Subsequent rounds will not allocate downlink drive signal frequencies or acknowledgment slots to this sub-packet, and the terminals within that sub-packet will not be called again. For sub-packets where there are still unresponsive terminals after segmentation, the network device continues to segment the sub-packet using the above method and calls them again, forming a multi-round, hierarchical segmentation process. When the frequency range width of a sub-packet is less than the preset termination width, the network device will no longer segment that sub-packet, will mark all terminals within that sub-packet as pending verification, and will record the frequency range of that sub-packet, awaiting manual verification or other maintenance procedures. The termination width is not less than the sum of the network device's frequency measurement resolution and the terminal's frequency selection drift.

[0044] When reallocating downlink drive signal frequencies and acknowledgment slots to sub-packets that still have unresponsive terminals after segmentation, the network device redetermines the downlink drive signal frequency f according to the frequency range [fr,a, fr,b] of the sub-packet, based on the frequency combination relationship determined in step S1. in' and response frequency band [f B,L' , f B,H' ], making f in' The frequency conversion combination results of each terminal's selected frequency within the subgroup all fall within the response frequency band of that subgroup; where, f in'The frequency of f can be the same as the downlink drive signal used by the terminal group before subdivision, or it can be a different value. in' After the response frequency band, the network device uses f in the response time slot corresponding to the sub-packet. in' Transmit a downlink drive signal and receive the echo of the sub-packet only within the response band. Sub-packets that have been confirmed to have responded are not involved in the aforementioned reallocation of the downlink drive signal frequency and response time slot.

[0045] Step S5: When all groups have no unresponsive terminals, or the second roll call rounds reach the preset maximum number of rounds, the network device ends the current inventory count and outputs the inventory results. The inventory results include the uplink mixer signal frequency of the responding terminals, and the frequency of the signals according to f... out = f in ± f r The converted selected frequencies and corresponding terminal identifiers also include the frequency ranges corresponding to terminals in the pending verification state. The maximum number of rounds is preset according to the real-time requirements of the actual application scenario, for example, it can be set to 3 rounds, 5 rounds, or 10 rounds.

[0046] Referring to Figure 2, the network device allocates non-overlapping response time slots and non-overlapping response frequency bands to multiple terminal packets within the coverage area, ensuring that each terminal packet is staggered in the two-dimensional resources formed by the response time slots and response frequency bands. In the embodiment shown in Figure 2, there are a total of 6 terminal packets G1 to G6 within the coverage area. The 6 terminal packets occupy response time slots t1 to t6 respectively and correspond to response frequency bands B1 to B6 respectively. Within the response time slot t1, the network device transmits the downlink drive signal f corresponding to terminal packet G1. in,1 Only terminals whose selected frequency falls within the frequency range corresponding to terminal group G1 generate uplink mixing signals that fall into response band B1; although the terminals in the other terminal groups G2 to G6 are also excited by the downlink drive signal and generate uplink mixing signals within the response time slot t1, their uplink mixing signal frequencies are outside the response band B1 and cannot be detected by the network device.

[0047] Reference Figure 3 The segmentation process will be explained using the example of a non-responding terminal in terminal packet G2. The frequency range of terminal packet G2 is [f a , f b The network device will [f] a , f b Divide into [f] a , f mid ] and [f mid , f b Two subranges, [f a ,f mid ] Corresponding subgroup G2a, [fmid , f b The network device allocates new acknowledgment time slots and non-overlapping acknowledgment frequency bands to sub-packets G2a and G2b respectively, and transmits the corresponding downlink drive signals sequentially within the two new acknowledgment time slots. Based on the received results, the network device confirms that the terminal corresponding to sub-packet G2b has responded, while the terminal corresponding to sub-packet G2a has not responded. The network device only further subdivides sub-packet G2a and performs a second roll call; sub-packet G2b is marked as having completed its roll call and no longer occupies acknowledgment time slot resources.

[0048] Therefore, the frequency domain grouping and naming method achieves selective naming without relying on terminal command parsing by grouping by selected frequency, configuring downlink drive signal frequency and response frequency band, and performing secondary naming on unresponsive subgroups, thus shortening the inventory cycle in large-scale terminal scenarios.

[0049] To illustrate the specific implementation of the frequency domain grouping naming method in a fixed grouping granularity scenario, the following examples are provided. In deployment scenarios where the number and distribution of terminals are relatively stable and the group size is predictable, using a fixed grouping granularity can simplify group configuration and reduce maintenance complexity.

[0050] In this embodiment, during deployment, the network device divides the N terminals within the coverage area into K fixed-size terminal groups based on the nominal frequency of each terminal. Each terminal group corresponds to a response time slot t. k A downlink drive signal frequency f in,k A response frequency band is used. Network devices sequentially transmit the corresponding downlink drive signals within each response time slot, completing one round of calling out all terminal packets. For terminal packets with unresponsive terminals, the network device divides the packet's frequency range in half, allocates new response time slots to the two resulting sub-packets, and sequentially transmits the corresponding downlink drive signals. For unresponsive sub-packets, the process of dividing in half again and calling out the signals is repeated until all packets have no unresponsive terminals, or the number of rounds of secondary calling reaches the preset maximum.

[0051] The following is a specific numerical example of this embodiment. In a certain application scenario, a total of 120 wireless frequency conversion terminals are deployed in the coverage area, with the selected frequency of each terminal distributed between 800 kHz and 1200 kHz. The network devices adopt a differential frequency combination relationship, and the downlink drive signal frequency is uniformly f. in = 2.45GHz, the frequency of the uplink mixing signal of each terminal is f out =f in -f r That is, the uplink mixer signal frequency distribution of each terminal is in f in- 1200 kHz to f in - Within the range of 800 kHz. The maximum frequency range width of a single terminal packet preset by the network device is 20 kHz, and the guard interval between the frequency ranges of adjacent terminal packets is 5 kHz. The network device divides the frequency range of 800 kHz to 1200 kHz into 16 terminal packets G1 to G16. The frequency range of the k-th terminal packet is [800 + 25×(k-1)] kHz to [800 + 25×(k-1) + 20] kHz, and the frequency range of the last terminal packet G16 is 1175 kHz to 1195 kHz. The frequency range of all terminal packets is within the terminal frequency selection distribution range.

[0052] The response time slots are configured as follows: the duration t of each response time slot. slot The duration is 8 ms, including a 2 ms downlink drive signal transmission time, a 0.5 ms terminal oscillation setup time, a 5 ms uplink mixer signal reception time, and a 0.5 ms time-slot protection time. The network device responds in time slot t... k The internal response frequency band of the receiving link is configured as the uplink mixer signal frequency range of the k-th terminal packet, i.e., f. in - [800 + 25×(k-1) + 20] kHz to f in - [800 + 25×(k-1)] kHz. Network devices sequentially respond in time slots t1 to t2. 16 The downlink drive signal corresponding to each terminal group is transmitted internally, and a complete round of name-calling takes 16 × 8 = 128 ms. In this numerical example, the downlink drive signal frequency assigned to each terminal group is the same, and the frequency distinction between each terminal group is achieved by the non-overlapping uplink mixer signal frequency range of each group; in other embodiments, different downlink drive signal frequencies may be assigned to different terminal groups.

[0053] The following example details the implementation of secondary roll call. In a certain roll call, the network device detects an uplink mixer signal from terminal packet G7 (e.g., a frequency range from 950 kHz to 970 kHz) within the response time slot t7. However, the signal-to-noise ratio of the detected uplink mixer signal is lower than a preset quality threshold, and the number of detected uplink mixer signals is less than the expected number of terminals within packet G7. The network device determines that there are unresponsive terminals in packet G7. The network device divides [950, 970] kHz into [950, 960] kHz and [960, 970] kHz, corresponding to sub-packets G7a and G7b respectively, and allocates a new response time slot t. 17With t 18 The network device responds in time slot t. 17 The internal response frequency band is configured as f in - 960 kHz to f in - 950 kHz, in response time slot t 18 The internal response frequency band is configured as f in - 970kHz to f in - 960 kHz. The reception result shows: Response time slot t 18 One uplink mixer signal was detected, with a frequency of f. in - 964.2 kHz, which translates to a frequency selection frequency of 964.2 kHz for the corresponding terminal; response time slot t 17 No uplink mixing signal exceeding the detection threshold was detected. Due to the narrowing of the response band after subdivision, the noise in the receiving link band is reduced accordingly, and the detection threshold is relatively lowered. The terminal corresponding to sub-packet G7b is effectively detected in the secondary roll call. The network device marks sub-packet G7b as completed roll call, further divides sub-packet G7a into [950, 955] kHz and [955, 960] kHz, and allocates a response time slot t. 19 With t 20 Response time slot t 19 One uplink mixer signal was detected, corresponding to a frequency selection frequency of 952.6 kHz for the terminal; response time slot t 20 No uplink mixing signal was detected. Since the frequency range width of the sub-packet [955, 960] kHz is 5 kHz, which is less than the preset termination width of 6 kHz, the network device will not further subdivide the sub-packet and will mark it as pending verification. At this point, the secondary roll call of terminal packet G7 is complete, occupying a total of 4 newly added response time slots and performing 2 rounds of subdivision.

[0054] In the aforementioned examples, the downlink drive signal frequency is the same value fin; in other embodiments, different downlink drive signal frequencies may be assigned to subgroups G7a and G7b respectively, and the determination method is the same as in step S1 and the aforementioned reallocation of downlink drive signal frequencies for unresponsive subgroups.

[0055] In the aforementioned examples, the downlink drive signal frequency is the same value fin; in other embodiments, different downlink drive signal frequencies may be assigned to subgroups G7a and G7b respectively, and the determination method is the same as in step S1 and the aforementioned reallocation of downlink drive signal frequencies for unresponsive subgroups.

[0056] Therefore, the embodiments of this application can complete inventory counts with a fixed grouping granularity. The grouping configuration is simple and easy to maintain, making it suitable for application scenarios with high requirements for system configuration stability.

[0057] The following will describe in detail the specific implementation of the frequency domain grouping and naming method of this application, which is compatible with the existing time-division polling method. The time-division polling method disclosed in Chinese Patent Publication No. CN118432631B divides the inventory period into multiple batches and sequentially switches the local oscillator to acquire the uplink mixing signal of each batch of sensors; when the number of sensors in a single batch is large, the inventory time in a single batch is still relatively long.

[0058] In this embodiment, the network device adopts the time-division polling method disclosed in Chinese Patent Publication No. CN118432631B, dividing the inventory cycle into k batches. Within each batch, the local oscillator frequency is switched to the frequency corresponding to the corresponding terminal, and the reflected signal of that batch is received. Based on this, within each batch, the network device divides the terminals to be inventoried into multiple subgroups according to the selected frequency, and assigns a response time slot and response frequency band to each subgroup within that batch. The network device sequentially transmits the corresponding downlink drive signal and receives the uplink mixing signal within each response time slot, determining whether there are any unresponsive terminals on a subgroup basis. For subgroups with unresponsive terminals, the network device further subdivides and performs secondary naming within the same batch or the next batch. The frequency domain group naming result of the subgroup serves as the input for the local oscillator switching order of that batch: the local oscillator is preferentially switched to the frequency corresponding to the subgroup that has confirmed a response; for unresponsive subgroups, the local oscillator switching is rearranged after subdivision. In this embodiment, the hardware configuration of the network device remains unchanged, and the frequency domain group naming is implemented in software within the baseband processing unit.

[0059] Therefore, while retaining the compatibility of time-division polling, the embodiments of this application reduce the full excitation in a single batch and improve inventory efficiency by introducing frequency domain grouping within the same batch.

[0060] The following section details the specific implementation method for dynamically adjusting the grouping granularity based on the response status. In deployment scenarios where the number and distribution of terminals change over time, a fixed grouping granularity may affect inventory efficiency due to too many or too few terminals within a group. Therefore, it is necessary to dynamically adjust the grouping granularity based on the response status of each response slot.

[0061] In this embodiment, the network device dynamically adjusts the frequency range of each terminal group based on the response status within each response time slot. Specifically, the network device counts the number of uplink mixing signals detected within each response time slot and compares it with the expected number of terminals within the group recorded in the terminal group table. When the number of unresponsive terminals within a certain response time slot exceeds a preset first threshold, the network device narrows the frequency range of that terminal group to more quickly locate unresponsive terminals during secondary roll call. When the number of responsive terminals within a certain response time slot exceeds a preset second threshold, the network device expands the frequency range of that terminal group by incorporating a portion of the frequency range of adjacent terminal groups into that terminal group, thereby reducing the number of terminal groups and the number of response time slots.

[0062] To avoid frequent changes in packet parameters, network devices implement a hysteresis condition for adjusting packet ranges: adjustments are only performed when the statistical results of multiple consecutive inventory cycles meet the adjustment conditions. After adjusting the packet range, the network device updates the terminal packet table, the response time slot table, and the downlink drive signal frequency and response band configuration corresponding to each terminal packet.

[0063] Therefore, the grouping granularity of this application embodiment can be adaptively adjusted according to the terminal response, maintaining inventory efficiency when the terminal distribution changes, and improving the system's environmental adaptability.

[0064] The following will describe the network device structure and its hardware and software implementation methods used to implement the frequency domain packet naming method described above. The functionality of the frequency domain packet naming method needs to be completed collaboratively by the corresponding processing units of the network device, and the implementation method of the processing units affects the system's flexibility and cost.

[0065] This embodiment provides a network device. The network device includes a segmentation module, a transmission module, a receiving module, a determination module, and a secondary roll call module. The segmentation module is used to divide each wireless frequency-converting terminal in the coverage area into multiple terminal groups based on the frequency distribution of each wireless frequency-converting terminal, and to allocate a corresponding downlink drive signal frequency and response time slot to each terminal group. The transmission module is used to transmit the downlink drive signal corresponding to that terminal group into the coverage area within the response time slot corresponding to that terminal group. The receiving module is used to receive the uplink mixing signal. The determination module is used to determine whether there are any unresponsive terminals within the response time slot corresponding to each terminal group. The secondary roll call module is used to narrow down the frequency range corresponding to the terminal group to subdivide the terminal group for those with unresponsive terminals, and to perform a secondary roll call on the unresponsive subgroups within the subdivided subgroups.

[0066] The above modules can be implemented entirely or partially in software: the processing logic corresponding to each module is stored in the network device's storage unit in the form of program code, and is called and executed by the network device's processor. Alternatively, the above modules can be implemented entirely or partially in hardware. For example, the functions of the partitioning module, the decision module, and the secondary roll call module are implemented by application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) or field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) in the baseband processing unit; the function of the transmitting module is implemented by the transmitting link; and the function of the receiving module is implemented by the receiving link. The above modules can also be implemented partially in software and partially in hardware. The network device can be a base station, a relay device, or other equipment capable of transmitting downlink drive signals and receiving uplink mixing signals.

[0067] Therefore, the network device in this application embodiment can implement the frequency domain grouping and naming function in various ways, such as software, hardware, or a combination of software and hardware, which facilitates flexible implementation under different deployment conditions.

[0068] The following embodiments illustrate the specific structure of the wireless frequency conversion terminal used in the frequency domain grouping naming method. In the frequency domain grouping naming method, the terminal, as a passive frequency conversion device, determines the generation method of the uplink mixing signal and the degree of dependence of the terminal on command parsing and logic processing.

[0069] This embodiment describes the structure of a wireless frequency conversion terminal. The terminal includes a second antenna, a frequency conversion device, and a frequency selection unit. The second antenna receives downlink drive signals transmitted by the network device and reflects uplink mixing signals. The frequency conversion device is implemented using nonlinear devices such as transistors and diodes. The frequency conversion device couples the energy of the downlink drive signal to the frequency selection unit, which generates a frequency selection signal with the selected frequency. The frequency conversion device mixes the downlink drive signal with this selected frequency signal. The combined frequency component generated by the mixing is reflected back to the network device via the second antenna, forming the uplink mixing signal. The frequency selection frequency of the frequency selection unit is calibrated during terminal manufacturing. The frequency selection unit can use a crystal resonator, ceramic resonator, surface acoustic wave resonator, or other passive devices or circuits with a fixed frequency selection frequency. When a sensing terminal is used to measure a physical quantity, the measured physical quantity acts on the frequency selection unit, causing the frequency selection frequency of the frequency selection unit to change with the measured physical quantity. The frequency of the uplink mixing signal changes accordingly, and the network device obtains the value of the measured physical quantity by measuring the frequency of the uplink mixing signal. The terminal does not have batteries or other energy storage devices, nor does it have logic devices such as microprocessors and memory. The cost and size of the terminal are not limited by logic devices.

[0070] Therefore, the wireless frequency conversion terminal of this application embodiment can generate uplink mixing signals in a purely passive manner, without relying on power supply and logic chips, which simplifies the terminal structure, reduces terminal cost and size, and is suitable for large-scale low-cost deployment.

[0071] The following embodiments illustrate the specific implementation of the frequency domain grouping and naming method in a software carrier format. Based on the previously disclosed implementation of each processing module in software or hardware by the network device, this application further clarifies the implementation of the method in the form of a computer program and its carrier: each processing step of the method is stored in the form of computer instructions on a computer-readable storage medium and is read and executed by the processor of the network device. Therefore, it is necessary to explain the program carrier and operating environment upon which this method relies.

[0072] This embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium and a computer program product containing the computer program. The computer-readable storage medium is a non-volatile readable medium storing a computer program thereon. The computer program includes instructions for performing each step of the above-described frequency domain grouping naming method. When the processor of a network device (base station or relay device) reads and runs the computer program from the computer-readable storage medium, the processor performs the following steps: dividing each terminal into multiple terminal groups according to the frequency distribution of each wireless frequency conversion terminal within the coverage area, and assigning a corresponding downlink drive signal frequency and response time slot to each terminal group; transmitting a downlink drive signal corresponding to the terminal group to the coverage area within the response time slot corresponding to each terminal group; receiving an uplink mixing signal and determining whether there are any unresponsive terminals within the response time slot corresponding to each terminal group; for terminal groups with unresponsive terminals, narrowing the frequency range corresponding to the terminal group to subdivide the terminal group, and performing a secondary naming for the unresponsive subgroups in the subdivided subgroups.

[0073] Specific implementations of the computer-readable storage medium include, but are not limited to: read-only memory, erasable programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable read-only memory, flash memory, hard disk, solid-state drive, portable compact disk read-only memory, optical disk, or any other tangible medium known in the art capable of storing a computer program and readable by a processor. The computer program product includes the computer program, which is distributed on a computer-readable medium and, when run on a network device with a processor, causes the network device to perform the aforementioned frequency domain group naming method.

[0074] Therefore, the embodiments of this application carry out the frequency domain grouping naming method in the form of a computer-readable storage medium and a computer program product, so that the method can be deployed and implemented in network devices through software distribution and firmware upgrades without being in a specific hardware form. This expands the carrier for realizing the method's rights and the objects of rights protection, and is conducive to its application in network equipment products from different manufacturers.

[0075] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0076] In addition to the above embodiments, the frequency domain grouping naming method and system of this application may also have the following variant implementations.

[0077] In other embodiments, the response time slots corresponding to multiple terminal groups do not overlap; and / or, the response frequency bands corresponding to multiple terminal groups do not overlap.

[0078] In other embodiments, the combination relationship between the downlink drive signal frequency corresponding to each terminal group and the terminal selection frequency is a sum frequency or a difference frequency, and the combination relationship is pre-configured by the network device.

[0079] In other embodiments, the secondary roll call is repeated until all groups have no unresponsive terminals, or the number of rounds of the secondary roll call reaches a preset maximum.

[0080] In the description of this application, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0081] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A frequency domain grouping and naming method for a wireless frequency conversion terminal, characterized in that, Applied to network devices, including: Based on the frequency distribution of each wireless frequency converter terminal within the coverage area, each terminal is divided into multiple terminal groups, and each terminal group is assigned a corresponding downlink drive signal frequency and response time slot; wherein, each wireless frequency converter terminal can generate an uplink mixing signal when excited by the downlink drive signal, and the frequency of the uplink mixing signal is the sum or difference frequency of the downlink drive signal frequency and its own frequency selection frequency. Within the response time slot corresponding to each terminal group, a downlink drive signal corresponding to that terminal group is transmitted to the coverage area; Receive uplink mixing signals and determine whether there are any unresponsive terminals in the response time slots corresponding to each terminal group; For terminal groups with unresponsive terminals, the frequency range corresponding to the terminal group is narrowed to subdivide the terminal group, and a second roll call is performed on the unresponsive subgroups in the subdivided subgroups.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Narrowing the frequency range corresponding to the terminal group to subdivide the terminal group includes: dividing the frequency range of the terminal group in half, or shrinking the mask bit by bit according to a preset bit width.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Determining whether there are unresponsive terminals within the response time slot corresponding to each terminal group includes: not detecting an uplink mixing signal within the response frequency band corresponding to the response time slot, or the signal quality of the detected uplink mixing signal being lower than a preset threshold.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, For the subgroups that do not respond after subdivision, a second roll call is performed, including: for subgroups that still have unresponsive terminals after subdivision, the downlink drive signal frequency and acknowledgment time slot are reallocated and the downlink drive signal is retransmitted; for subgroups that have confirmed all responses after subdivision, the downlink drive signal frequency and acknowledgment time slot are no longer allocated, and the terminals in the subgroup are no longer rolled call.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The response time slots corresponding to multiple terminal groups do not overlap; and / or, the response frequency bands corresponding to multiple terminal groups do not overlap.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The frequency range of each terminal group is dynamically adjusted based on the response status of each response time slot. When the number of unresponsive terminals in a certain response time slot exceeds the threshold, the frequency range of that group is reduced; when the number of responsive terminals in a certain response time slot exceeds the threshold, the frequency range of that group is expanded.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second roll call is repeated until all groups have no unresponsive terminals or the preset maximum number of second roll call rounds is reached.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The network equipment is a base station or a relay device.

9. A network device, characterized in that, include: The segmentation module is used to divide each terminal into multiple terminal groups according to the frequency distribution of each wireless frequency conversion terminal in the coverage area, and to allocate the corresponding downlink drive signal frequency and response time slot to each terminal group respectively. The transmission module is used to transmit downlink drive signals corresponding to each terminal group to the coverage area within the response time slot corresponding to each terminal group; The receiving module is used to receive the uplink mixer signal; The determination module is used to determine whether there are any unresponsive terminals in the response time slot corresponding to each terminal group; The secondary roll call module is used to narrow down the frequency range corresponding to a terminal group with unresponsive terminals to further subdivide the terminal group, and then perform a secondary roll call on the unresponsive subgroups in the subdivided subgroups.

10. A wireless frequency conversion measurement system, characterized in that, include: The network device and multiple wireless frequency conversion terminals; wherein, each of the multiple wireless frequency conversion terminals has a different frequency selection frequency, and each wireless frequency conversion terminal generates an uplink mixing signal by the sum or difference frequency of the downlink drive signal frequency and its own frequency selection frequency when excited by the downlink drive signal. The network device includes a partitioning unit, a transmitting unit, a receiving unit, a judging unit, and a secondary roll call unit; The partitioning unit is used to divide the multiple wireless frequency conversion terminals into multiple terminal groups according to the frequency selection distribution of the multiple wireless frequency conversion terminals, and to allocate corresponding downlink drive signal frequencies and response time slots to each terminal group respectively; The transmitting unit is used to transmit a downlink drive signal corresponding to the terminal group to the plurality of wireless frequency conversion terminals within the response time slot corresponding to each terminal group; The receiving unit is used to receive the uplink mixing signal; The determination unit is used to determine whether there are any unresponsive terminals in the response time slot corresponding to each terminal group; The secondary roll call unit is used to narrow down the frequency range corresponding to the terminal group with unresponsive terminals to subdivide the terminal group, and to perform secondary roll call on the unresponsive subgroups in the subdivided subgroups.

11. A wireless frequency conversion terminal, characterized in that, This includes the second antenna, frequency converter, and frequency selection unit; among which, A frequency converter, connected to the second antenna, is used to couple the energy of the downlink drive signal received by the second antenna to the frequency selection unit, and to mix the frequency selection signal generated by the frequency selection unit with the downlink drive signal to generate an uplink mixed signal; The system includes a frequency selection unit connected to the frequency converter, which has an inherent frequency selection frequency and is used to generate a frequency selection signal with the frequency selection frequency when excited by a downlink drive signal; wherein the frequency of the uplink mixing signal is the sum or difference between the frequency of the downlink drive signal and the frequency selection frequency; the wireless frequency converter terminal is a passive terminal, without a power supply module, and does not have the ability to store identification number data and parse commands.

12. A network device comprising a processor and a communication interface; the communication interface being coupled to the processor, the processor being configured to run a computer program or instructions to implement the frequency domain grouping naming method as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

13. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores instructions that, when executed by a computer, perform the frequency domain grouping naming method as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

14. A computer program product comprising a computer program or instructions that, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the frequency domain grouping naming method as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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