A magnetic tape target device for ultra-intense laser high-repetition-rate target shooting

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of magnetic tape target device for ultra-intense laser high repetition rate shooting, belong to laser accelerator technical field.The device includes target device mainboard, driven shaft tape disc group, guide shaft group, limit shaft group, vacuum stepper motor group, vacuum speed reducer group, two-dimensional electric control displacement table, water cooling system and control system.Through the driving shaft tape disc group of initiative and driven switching, in combination with the low friction design of guide shaft group and the high stability constraint of limit shaft group, the running time of each disc tape target is significantly improved, and the flatness and position stability of (thin) tape target at laser focal point are ensured.Water cooling system effectively reduces the thermal load of motor and limit shaft, improves the reliability of long-time operation in vacuum environment.The device solves the problems of poor adaptability, short running time, stability and reliability of existing solid target system under high repetition rate laser, and is suitable for high repetition rate ultra-intense laser driven particle source and radiation source application scenarios.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser accelerator technology, specifically to the field of secondary radiation generated by the interaction of high-power lasers with matter and particle sources, and more specifically to a magnetic tape target device for high-repetition-rate laser targeting. Background Technology

[0002] By utilizing the interaction of ultra-intense lasers with matter (existing as a target), it is possible to generate a large number of high-energy particles, high-brightness X-rays / gamma rays, strong terahertz radiation, and strong microwave radiation, which can be applied in a variety of fields. However, lasers are destructive; each interaction with matter requires a new target. The laser emission frequency directly affects data acquisition efficiency; to improve efficiency, the target update frequency must match the laser emission frequency. Using high-repetition-rate ultra-intense lasers to interact with matter is currently a major trend in this field. It can significantly improve the statistical capabilities of data, reduce the time required to understand many phenomena, increase the average flux of radiation / particle sources, and improve the efficiency of subsequent applications and the signal-to-noise ratio of the data.

[0003] The material that interacts with ultra-intense lasers is called a target, including gaseous targets, liquid targets, and solid targets. Gaseous and liquid targets, due to their flow properties, can easily match the repetition rate of ultra-intense lasers, but their applications are limited. Solid targets are irreplaceable in many fields of laser-matter interaction research, such as high-brightness Kα X-ray sources, strong-field THz sources, target-sheath acceleration of protons and ions (TNSA), atomic physics in hot dense plasmas, laboratory astrophysics, and controlled nuclear fusion. Solid targets are generally based on target disks or similar tools, such as circular or gridded target disks. However, the number of consecutive ultra-intense laser flares is limited by the area of ​​the target disk. Therefore, improving the compatibility of solid targets with high-repetition-rate ultra-intense lasers is a pressing issue. Taking the widely used grid-based target system as an example, although it can provide multiple solid targets and switching between them does not require breaking the vacuum, the number of flares per vacuum period is still limited to tens or hundreds of times due to the area of ​​these solid targets. Furthermore, once all solid targets are consumed, target replacement still requires frequent vacuum evacuation and re-aiming, which significantly limits the user's available time and data acquisition efficiency. In addition, this target system is extremely inefficient when matched with high-repetition-rate lasers, especially in high-brightness Kα X-ray sources driven by kHz lasers and strong-field THz sources, where high efficiency is crucial. Taking laser-driven high-brightness Kα hard X-ray sources as an example, thanks to their ultra-small source size, ultra-short pulse width, high brightness, and desktop compatibility, they have wide and important applications in industry and science, such as high-resolution non-destructive testing in industry (real-time monitoring of lithium battery charging and discharging processes), high-resolution biomedical imaging (early cancer screening), and ultrafast lattice dynamics and phase transition research in materials science. Kα hard X-ray sources consist of a relatively strong laser beam (I>10). 16 W / cm 2 This is generated by the interaction between the laser and a high atomic number solid target. Currently, increasing the average photon flux is one of the most critical parameters for optimizing Kα source applications. High repetition rate and high average power driving the laser pulse are key technical approaches to reducing irradiation time and improving the signal-to-noise ratio. This necessitates a target system that is frequency-matched and can operate stably and continuously in a vacuum for extended periods. However, existing target systems either lack stability, are unsuitable for long-term operation in a vacuum, or are unsuitable for thin-strip targets; there is no target system well-suited to high-repetition-rate, ultra-intense lasers.

[0004] It should be noted that the background information provided is only for illustrating relevant information about the present invention to aid in understanding the technical solutions of the present invention, and does not imply that the relevant information is necessarily prior art. In the absence of evidence indicating that the relevant information was disclosed before the filing date of this invention, the relevant information should not be considered prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a magnetic tape target device suitable for high-repetition-rate laser ablation of thin tape targets that can operate stably and continuously for a long time under vacuum.

[0006] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0007] This invention provides a magnetic tape target device for high-repetition-rate (PRR) laser targeting, used to mount the magnetic tape target required for PRR, wherein the magnetic tape target is a thin tape target. The device includes: a target device main board, a drive shaft and target disk assembly, a guide shaft assembly, a limit shaft assembly, a vacuum reducer assembly, a vacuum stepper motor assembly, a two-dimensional electrically controlled displacement stage, a water cooling system, and a control system. The target device main board is a vertical plate for mounting other components, with a trapezoidal opening on one side of its central portion forming a laser incidence slot, allowing the laser to pass unobstructed through the slot and strike the target at the interaction point. The drive shaft and target disk assembly includes... The device includes a first drive shaft with a target disk and a second drive shaft with a target disk, which are respectively installed on the upper and lower sides of the same side of the laser injection slot. The first drive shaft with a target disk is used to wind a new or used magnetic tape target, and the second drive shaft with a target disk is used to wind a used or new magnetic tape target. Each drive shaft with a target disk rotates under the action of an external force to pull the magnetic tape target along the desired direction, and one drive shaft with a target disk acts as the driving shaft and the other drive shaft with a driven shaft, and the driving and driven functions can be switched between each other. The guide shaft group includes multiple guide shafts, all of which are fixed on the target device main board with drive shafts and target disks. On the same side of the magnetic tape target's running path, the azimuth angle of the magnetic tape target's movement is limited to ensure that the magnetic tape target moves to the position of the limiting shaft; the limiting shaft group includes two limiting shafts, which are symmetrically spaced and installed on both sides of the interaction point on the same side of the laser injection slot, used to confine the magnetic tape target at the focal point of the incident laser injection slot and ensure positional stability; the vacuum reducer group includes two vacuum reducers, both fixed on the target device main board, and each connected to a drive shaft with a target disk, used to ensure the stability of the drive shaft with the target disk's rotation, increase torque, and provide damping to ensure that the magnetic tape target is in a taut state at the interaction point; the The vacuum stepper motor assembly includes two vacuum stepper motors, each fixed to the main plate of the target device via a vacuum reducer, and each connected to a drive shaft driving a target disk. This provides power to the vacuum reducer motor at a preset speed and tension, driving the corresponding drive shaft to rotate the target disk. The two-dimensional electronically controlled displacement stage is mounted on the bottom of the target device's main plate for adjusting the target position. The water cooling system is connected to the vacuum stepper motor assembly and the limit shaft assembly via pipes for cooling. The control system adjusts the rotational speed and position of the magnetic tape target to make the target device adaptable to different laser repetition frequencies and target spacing.

[0008] Preferably, the trapezoidal opening in the middle of the target device motherboard divides the motherboard into three parts: an upper motherboard, a lower motherboard, and a connecting plate. The connecting plate connects the upper motherboard and the lower motherboard and is opposite to the bottom of the trapezoidal opening. The upper motherboard has a first drive shaft with target plate mounting hole on one side for mounting the first drive shaft with target plate. The lower motherboard has a second drive shaft with target plate mounting hole on one side for mounting the second drive shaft with target plate. The connecting plate has a groove for mounting the limiting shaft assembly. The high-intensity laser enters from the trapezoidal opening and is focused on the target between the limiting shafts.

[0009] Preferably, the drive shaft with target disk is a disc disk, which includes: target disk shaft, target disk outer cover, target disk bottom cover, and vacuum geared motor adapter plate. The parts are arranged from the outside to the inside in the manner of target disk outer cover, target disk shaft, target disk bottom cover, and vacuum geared motor adapter plate and are fixed with bolts. The two ends of the target disk shaft are respectively connected to the target disk outer cover and the target disk bottom cover. The vacuum geared motor adapter plate is connected to a vacuum geared motor and rotates under the drive of the vacuum geared motor assembly. The vacuum geared motor is powered by a vacuum stepper motor connected to it.

[0010] Preferably, the guide shaft assembly includes four cylindrical guide shafts, wherein two guide shafts are fixed between the first drive shaft with the target disk and the limiting shaft to form a new or applied sliding path for the magnetic tape target between the first drive shaft with the target disk and the limiting shaft, and the other two guide shafts are fixed between the limiting shaft and the second drive shaft with the target disk to form a new or applied sliding path for the magnetic tape target between the limiting shaft and the second drive shaft with the target disk.

[0011] Preferably, each guide shaft includes a roller, a roller clamp, two bearings, and a retaining ring. The roller body is cylindrical, and concentric cylindrical pins matching the inner diameter of the bearings are provided at both ends of the cylindrical body for bearing installation. The roller clamp includes a connecting beam, an upper clamping plate, and a lower clamping plate, wherein the upper and lower clamping plates are perpendicularly connected to the two ends of the connecting beam and are parallel to each other. Pin holes matching the outer diameter of the bearings are provided on both the upper and lower clamping plates for bearing installation, and the pin holes on the upper and lower clamping plates are aligned with each other. The rollers are designed to be parallel to the connecting beam after installation. The positions of the pin holes on the upper and lower clamping plates are determined according to the required clearance between the rollers and the connecting beam. The clearance between the rollers and the connecting beam is used to ensure that the rollers can rotate during the movement of the magnetic tape target to smooth the movement of the magnetic tape target. A retaining ring groove is opened on the inner side of the upper clamping plate for retaining rings to fix the bearings, and the bearing surface is 1mm higher than the surface of the upper clamping plate. There is a step in the lower clamping plate so that the bearing is 1mm higher than the surface of the lower clamping plate after it is placed. There are also mounting holes next to the pin holes on the lower clamping plate so that it can be fixed to the main board of the target device with bolts.

[0012] Preferably, the bearing is a smooth ceramic bearing.

[0013] Preferably, the limiting shaft assembly includes two limiting shafts, each of which includes: a limiting shaft adapter, a limiting shaft clamp, and a limiting shaft body. The limiting shaft adapter includes a long strip with a triangular cross-section, and U-shaped grooves are provided at both ends of the bottom surface of the strip. The strip is fixed to the side of the target device's mainboard drive shaft on the same side as the target disk. The limiting shaft clamp includes a T-shaped component and an L-shaped component. The T-shaped component has a channel on its longitudinal arm with two welding holes on the side of the channel, and a plug is welded to one end of the channel. One transverse arm of the T-shaped component has a circular hole for installing the limiting shaft body, and the other transverse arm matches and is fixed to the U-shaped groove on the limiting shaft adapter. The L-shaped component has a circular hole for installing the limiting shaft body on its short arm, and its long arm matches and is fixed to the U-shaped groove on the limiting shaft adapter. The limiting shaft is a long cylindrical shaft with its two ends embedded in the round holes of the T-shaped and L-shaped components, respectively. The limiting shaft is parallel to the longitudinal arm of the T-shaped component, and the shaft has a small groove for limiting at the part embedded in the round hole or threaded holes at both ends to prevent the solid shaft from rotating. Two limiting shafts are mounted parallel to each other on the connecting plate at a preset interval, and the shaft is parallel to the roller of the guide shaft.

[0014] Preferably, the limiting shaft adapter and the limiting shaft clamp are both made of an alloy with a Young's modulus of less than or equal to 110 Gpa and a hardness of greater than or equal to 30 HRC, and the limiting shaft body is made of tungsten steel, alloy or carbon steel.

[0015] Preferably, both the limiting shaft adapter and the limiting shaft clamp are made of titanium alloy.

[0016] Preferably, the distance between the two limiting axes can be adjusted according to the needs of the interaction points.

[0017] Preferably, the vacuum stepper motor assembly includes two vacuum stepper motor assemblies, and the vacuum reducer assembly includes two vacuum reducers; wherein, one vacuum stepper motor and one vacuum reducer correspond to one drive shaft with a target disk, the vacuum stepper motor is connected to the vacuum reducer, and the vacuum reducer is connected to the drive shaft with a target disk through a vacuum reducer adapter plate corresponding to the drive shaft with a target disk, and the vacuum stepper motor assembly and the vacuum reducer are symmetrically mounted on two sides of the target device main board with the corresponding drive shaft with a target disk.

[0018] Preferably, the water-cooling system includes: a first motor cooling assembly and a second motor cooling assembly, a first limit shaft cooling assembly and a second limit shaft cooling assembly, a vacuum adapter flange, a water chiller, four stainless steel pipes, and four metal hoses. Each motor cooling assembly includes an aluminum block and two compression fittings. The aluminum block contains three interconnected channels, two of which are parallel and their ports on the same side are perpendicularly connected to another channel. Compression fittings are installed on the ports of the two channels not connected to the other channel for connecting the stainless steel pipe or metal hose. The port of the third channel is plugged. Each motor cooling assembly is bolted to the bottom of a vacuum stepper motor. Each limit shaft cooling assembly includes two stainless steel bends and two compression fittings. The ports on the same side of the two stainless steel bends are welded to welding holes on the side of the longitudinal arm channel of the same T-shaped component, and compression fittings are installed on the other ends. The bending shape and curvature of the stainless steel bends are designed according to the installation position of the limit shaft to avoid other parts of the limit shaft and not affect laser transmission. In this system, one ferrule of the first motor cooling assembly is connected to one ferrule of the first limiting shaft cooling assembly via a stainless steel pipe, and the other ferrule is connected to one ferrule of the second motor cooling assembly via a stainless steel pipe. One ferrule of the second motor cooling assembly is connected to one ferrule of the first motor cooling assembly via a stainless steel pipe, and the other ferrule is connected to a vacuum adapter flange via a flexible metal hose. Similarly, one ferrule of the first limiting shaft cooling assembly is connected to one ferrule of the first motor cooling assembly via a stainless steel pipe, and the other ferrule is connected to one ferrule of the second limiting shaft cooling assembly via a stainless steel pipe. The other ferrule is connected to a stainless steel pipe, and the other end of the stainless steel pipe is connected to a flexible metal hose via another ferrule and then to the vacuum adapter flange. The vacuum adapter flange is connected to the water chiller via two flexible metal hoses. One flexible metal hose connects the motor cooling assembly to the water chiller, and the other flexible metal hose connects the limiting shaft cooling assembly to the water chiller.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0020] 1. The design incorporates a master-slave drive and bidirectional switching mechanism. It employs two sets of drive shafts (one active and one passive) to drive the target belt, controlled by a vacuum stepper motor and vacuum reducer, moving the target belt at a preset speed and tension. When one axis of the target belt is exhausted, the target belt position is adjusted laterally via a two-dimensional electronically controlled displacement stage, and the master-slave axis function is switched (the original active axis becomes the passive axis, and vice versa). Combined with long-length target belts (e.g., 500 meters), continuous target supply is achieved, significantly extending the operating time within a vacuum cycle. By using magnetic tape targets in the hundreds of meters range (e.g., 500 meters), combined with bidirectional switching of the master and slave axes and lateral position adjustment by the two-dimensional electronically controlled displacement stage, the target belt usage time is significantly extended, avoiding frequent target replacements. It can support tens of millions to hundreds of millions of laser strikes within a single vacuum cycle, far exceeding disk targets and existing unidirectional rotating tape targets, and is suitable for long-term operation of high-repetition-rate lasers.

[0021] 2. It boasts advantages of low-friction guidance and high-precision positioning. The guide shaft assembly is equipped with ceramic bearing rollers and custom-designed clamps. The rollers can rotate freely with the target strip, significantly reducing friction and preventing breakage of the thin target strip. The positioning shaft assembly is made of high-hardness materials (such as tungsten steel, HRC≥30), with a tolerance of ≤10μm between the two shafts. Its non-rotatable design ensures the flatness and positional stability of the target strip at the laser focal point. The structural design of the guide shaft, especially the smoothness of the ceramic bearings and the smooth surface of the rollers, significantly reduces friction, preventing breakage of the thin target strip and solving the problem of traditional fixed guide shafts easily damaging thin targets.

[0022] 3. It has the advantages of vacuum compatibility and water cooling. The vacuum stepper motor, vacuum reducer, metal hose and other components are designed to be compatible with the full vacuum environment. Combined with the high efficiency water cooling system, heat is quickly removed by circulating cooling water, which can suppress motor overheating and thermal deformation of the limit shaft. It supports long-term vacuum operation, reduces maintenance frequency, ensures stable operation for a long time and improves experimental efficiency.

[0023] 4. It can achieve intelligent control and dynamic adjustment. The control system can adjust the motor speed, tension and movement of the two-dimensional displacement stage in real time to accurately match the laser repetition rate and target spacing requirements, thereby improving data acquisition efficiency and light source stability.

[0024] 5. Significantly Improved Stability and Reliability: The high hardness (HRC≥30), low tolerance (<10μm), and non-rotatable design of the limiting shaft ensure that the target position jitter at the laser focal point is better than ±20μm (compared to >50μm in traditional systems). The vacuum stepper motor is connected to the drive shaft via a vacuum reducer, reducing the target disc jitter caused by motor shaft runout in single-motor designs. Furthermore, the water-cooling system further enhances reliability during long-term operation.

[0025] In summary, this invention solves the problems of poor adaptability, short operating time, and reliability issues caused by thermal load in traditional solid target systems under high repetition rate lasers by means of continuous target material supply, master-slave drive switching, low-friction precision transmission, and vacuum heat dissipation optimization. It achieves a comprehensive breakthrough in stability, efficiency, and applicability, and realizes long-term continuous and stable operation of thin strip targets under high repetition rate and ultra-intense lasers, providing a reliable technical foundation for the industrial application of laser-driven particle sources and radiation sources. Attached Figure Description

[0026] The embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0027] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a magnetic tape target device for high-repetition-rate laser target firing according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a magnetic tape target device for high-repetition-rate laser target firing according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a magnetic tape target device for high-repetition-rate laser target firing according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the target device motherboard structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a top view of the target device motherboard according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a drive shaft with a target disk according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the explosive disassembly structure of the drive shaft with target disk according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the guide shaft structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded disassembly structure of the guide shaft according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting shaft structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the explosive disassembly structure of the limiting shaft according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the connection structure of a vacuum stepper motor and a vacuum reducer;

[0039] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of a water cooling system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the motor cooling assembly in a water-cooling system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the limiting shaft cooling assembly in a water cooling system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the experimental verification results of the target position stability during actual operation according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 17 To utilize the K generated by laser ablation of a copper strip target according to an embodiment of the present invention α Schematic diagram of X-ray characteristic spectrum;

[0044] Figure 18 To utilize the K generated by laser ablation of a copper strip target according to an embodiment of the present invention α A schematic diagram showing the stability of the X-ray spot direction after being focused onto the sample by a Montel-type focusing lens.

[0045] Figure 19 To utilize the K generated by laser ablation of a copper strip target according to an embodiment of the present invention α A schematic diagram showing the stability of the number of X-ray photons focused onto the sample by a Montel-type focusing lens. Detailed Implementation

[0046] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0047] As mentioned in the background section, existing target systems either suffer from poor stability, are unsuitable for long-term operation in a vacuum, or are unsuitable for thin strip targets; none are well-suited for high-repetition-rate, ultra-intense lasers. Therefore, to address the problems of existing technologies, this invention provides a magnetic tape target device for high-repetition-rate laser targeting that can operate stably for extended periods. This invention aims to solve the problems of short continuous operation time, poor stability, and low reliability of existing target systems in a vacuum.

[0048] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0049] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the magnetic tape target device for high-repetition-rate laser target ablation of the present invention is displayed in three dimensions from different angles. The device includes: a target device main board, a drive shaft with target disk assembly, a guide shaft assembly, a limit shaft assembly, a vacuum reducer assembly, a vacuum stepper motor assembly, a two-dimensional electrically controlled displacement stage, a water cooling system, and a control system. The target device main board is a vertical plate for mounting other components, with a trapezoidal opening on one side of its central portion forming a laser incidence slot, allowing the laser to pass unobstructed through the slot and strike the target at the interaction point. The drive shaft with target disk assembly includes a first drive shaft with target disk and a second... Two drive shafts with target disks are respectively installed on the upper and lower sides of the same side of the laser injection slot. The first drive shaft with target disk is used to wind new or used magnetic tape targets, and the second drive shaft with target disk is used to wind used or new magnetic tape targets. Each drive shaft with target disk rotates under the action of external force to pull the magnetic tape target along the desired direction, and one drive shaft with target disk acts as the driving shaft and the other as the driven shaft, and the driving and driven functions can be switched between each other. The guide shaft group includes multiple guide shafts, all of which are fixed on the main board of the target device to drive the magnetic tape target on the same side of the drive shaft with target disk. Along the path, the azimuth angle of the magnetic tape target's movement is limited to ensure it reaches the position of the limiting axis. The limiting axis group includes two limiting axes, symmetrically spaced on both sides of the interaction point on the same side of the laser injection slot, used to confine the magnetic tape target at the focal point of the incident laser injection slot and ensure positional stability. The vacuum reducer group includes two vacuum reducers, both fixed to the target device's main board, each connected to a drive shaft with a target disk, used to ensure the stability of the drive shaft's rotation with the target disk, increase torque, and provide damping to ensure the magnetic tape target is taut at the interaction point. The vacuum stepper... The motor assembly includes two vacuum stepper motors, each fixed to the main plate of the target device via a vacuum reducer, and connected to a drive shaft that drives the target disk. These motors provide power to the vacuum reducer motors at preset speeds and tensions to rotate the corresponding drive shafts that drive the target disks. A two-dimensional electronically controlled displacement stage is mounted on the bottom of the main plate of the target device for adjusting the target position. A water-cooling system is connected to the vacuum stepper motor assembly and the limit shaft assembly via pipes for cooling. The control system adjusts the rotational speed and position of the magnetic tape target to ensure the target device is adaptable to different laser repetition frequencies and target spacing.

[0050] The following is a brief introduction to each part from a functional perspective.

[0051] The target device motherboard is the main frame of the target device of the present invention, which is used to install the drive shaft with target disk assembly, guide shaft assembly, limit shaft assembly, vacuum stepper motor assembly and vacuum reducer assembly, as well as connect the water cooling system and the two-dimensional electronically controlled displacement stage.

[0052] The drive shaft with target assembly is mainly used to pull the winding magnetic tape target along the required direction. One end of the drive shaft with target assembly is connected to a vacuum reducer. The drive shaft with target assembly includes two sets, which are respectively installed on the upper and lower parts of the side of the main board of the target device. One set acts as the drive shaft for winding the magnetic tape target after the winding process, and the other set acts as the driven shaft for winding the target for interaction. After the target on the driven shaft is used up, the target is rotated in the opposite direction (in conjunction with the lateral movement of the target). The functions of the original drive shaft and driven shaft switch back and forth, and this process is repeated until the entire target is used up.

[0053] The guide shaft assembly is mainly used to limit the orientation angle of the magnetic tape target and bring it to the position of the limiting shaft, thereby placing it at the laser focus. Each shaft is equipped with a bearing to smooth the movement of the magnetic tape and reduce the friction between the magnetic tape target and the guide shaft to prevent the magnetic tape target from breaking. It is suitable for thin targets.

[0054] The limiting shaft assembly is mainly used to ensure that the interaction point (targeting point) is located at the laser focal point, as well as the flatness of the target at the interaction point and the stability of the target. It consists of three parts. Two parts are the limiting shaft fixture and the limiting shaft adapter made of alloys such as titanium alloy, which can be easily fixed to the main board of the target device. The other part is a shaft made of a very wear-resistant material (such as tungsten steel, titanium alloy, etc., with a low elastic modulus of ~110 GPa and good thermal stability) that can be machined with high precision. Its hardness (HRC 30+) makes it more resistant to damage. For example, high carbon steel rods have very high hardness (HRC 60), are wear-resistant, and have a small diameter tolerance (5μm), thus ensuring very good flatness at the interaction point and stability between the target shots; or alloy shafts can be made and attached to the fixture, with the two limiting shafts having a diameter of 6mm, a tolerance of less than 10μm, and a spacing of 1cm.

[0055] The vacuum stepper motor assembly and vacuum reducer assembly are mainly used to drive the target disk to rotate at a suitable speed and tension. The vacuum stepper motor assembly is used in environments with strong ionizing radiation and high vacuum, while the vacuum reducer assembly is used to improve the rotational stability of the drive shaft, increase torque, and provide damping to ensure that the magnetic tape target is taut at the point of interaction.

[0056] The two-dimensional electrically controlled displacement stage is mainly used to adjust the target position so that the interaction point is in a suitable position on the target band. After completing one circle of the target band, it can significantly improve the running time by simply moving in two dimensions and then rotating the target in the opposite direction.

[0057] The water cooling system is mainly used to cool the motor assembly and the limit shaft assembly, ensuring that the device can operate continuously for a long time under vacuum. Under vacuum, the motor will generate a lot of heat when running under continuous load, which may affect the torque of the motor and the stability of the drive shaft. The limit shaft is close to the interaction point, and a lot of heat will also be generated due to thermal shock waves and friction of the target tape, which may cause the limit shaft to deform or be damaged after working continuously for a period of time. The water cooling system can greatly alleviate this problem and improve the running time and reliability of the magnetic tape target.

[0058] The control system is mainly used to adjust the rotation speed of the magnetic tape target and the position of the interaction point on the target tape, so that the device of the present invention is adaptable to the laser repetition frequency and the target spacing (between shots).

[0059] To better understand the present invention, the structure of each part of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0060] According to one embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 4 and 5 As shown, the target device mainboard has a trapezoidal opening in the middle to divide it into three parts: an upper mainboard, a lower mainboard, and a connecting plate. The connecting plate connects the upper and lower mainboards and is opposite to the bottom of the trapezoidal opening. The upper mainboard has a first drive shaft with target plate mounting hole on one side for mounting the first drive shaft with target plate; the lower mainboard has a second drive shaft with target plate mounting hole on one side for mounting the second drive shaft with target plate; the connecting plate has a groove for mounting a limiting shaft assembly. A high-intensity laser is injected from the trapezoidal opening or from the opposite side relative to the vertical surface of the mainboard and focused at the groove. According to one embodiment of the invention, the cone angle of the trapezoidal opening is 30 degrees, which can ensure high repetition rate laser or focused F-number. When the PW laser is incident from this side, it is focused onto the magnetic tape target without obstruction. The size of the target device's main board and the opening cone angle can be flexibly adjusted according to actual needs. The upper and lower mounting holes are used to fix the hollow vacuum reducer assembly, with the end face of the vacuum reducer protruding 1mm beyond the main board surface to ensure the rotation of the magnetic tape target drive shaft. According to one embodiment of the invention, the upper and lower main boards each have two sets of vertical threaded holes, and the four sets of vertical threaded holes are used to fix the guide shaft assembly, and the position of the guide shaft can be flexibly adjusted by adjusting the hole positions. The groove portion of the intermediate connecting plate is provided with four threaded holes for fixing the limiting shaft assembly.

[0061] According to one embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, each drive shaft with target disc is a disc, which includes: target disc shaft, target disc outer cover, target disc bottom cover, and vacuum reducer adapter plate. The parts are arranged from the outside to the inside in the order of target disc outer cover, target disc shaft, target disc bottom cover, and vacuum reducer adapter plate and are fixed with bolts. The two ends of the target disc shaft are connected to the target disc outer cover and the target disc bottom cover, respectively. The target disc bottom cover is then connected to the vacuum reducer adapter plate. The vacuum reducer adapter plate is connected to a vacuum reducer and rotates under the drive of the vacuum reducer, thereby realizing that the drive shaft with target disc follows the rotation of the vacuum reducer and ensuring good rotational stability.

[0062] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the guide shaft assembly includes four cylindrical guide shafts, wherein two guide shafts are fixed between the first drive shaft with target disk and the limiting shaft to form a new sliding path for the magnetic tape target from the first drive shaft with target disk to the limiting shaft, and the other two guide shafts are fixed between the limiting shaft and the second drive shaft with target disk to form a sliding path for the magnetic tape target after action from the limiting shaft to the second drive shaft with target disk. Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the assembled structure of the guide shaft is shown. Figure 9 The guide shaft is shown in exploded view, revealing that each guide shaft includes a roller, a roller clamp, two bearings, and a retaining ring. The roller body is cylindrical, with concentric cylindrical pins at both ends. The roller clamp includes a connecting beam, an upper clamp, and a lower clamp. The upper and lower clamps are perpendicularly connected to the two ends of the connecting beam and are parallel to each other. Both the upper and lower clamps have pin holes matching the outer diameter of the bearings for bearing installation. The cylindrical pins at both ends of the roller match the inner diameter of the bearings for bearing installation. The holes are symmetrical to ensure that the roller is parallel to the connecting beam after installation. The positions of the pin holes on the upper and lower clamping plates are determined according to the required clearance between the roller and the connecting beam. The clearance between the roller and the connecting beam ensures that the roller can rotate during the movement of the magnetic tape target to smooth the movement of the magnetic tape target. A retaining ring groove is opened on the inner side of the upper clamping plate. After the retaining ring is inserted into the retaining ring groove, the bearing surface is about 1 mm higher than the surface of the upper clamping plate. There is a small step in the pin hole on the lower clamping plate, so that the bearing is about 1 mm higher than the surface of the lower clamping plate after installation. There are also mounting holes next to the pin hole on the lower clamping plate to fix it to the main board of the target device with bolts. After the roller is connected to the bearing, it is inserted into the roller clamping fixture from one side of the upper clamping plate. This is according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0063] According to one embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, Figure 10 The structure of the limiting shaft assembly was demonstrated. Figure 11The limiting shaft mechanism was demonstrated using an exploded view. Each limiting shaft comprises: a limiting shaft adapter, a limiting shaft fixture, and a limiting shaft body. The limiting shaft adapter includes a long strip with a triangular cross-section. Both ends of the strip's bottom surface are equipped with U-shaped grooves. The strip is fixed to the side of the target device's mainboard drive shaft on the same side as the target disk. The limiting shaft fixture includes a T-shaped component and an L-shaped component. The T-shaped component has a channel on its longitudinal arm with two welding holes on its side. A plug is welded to one end of the channel. One transverse arm of the T-shaped component has a circular hole for mounting the limiting shaft body, and the other transverse arm matches and is fixed to the U-shaped groove on the limiting shaft adapter. The L-shaped component has a circular hole for mounting the limiting shaft body on its short arm, and its long arm matches and is fixed to the U-shaped groove on the limiting shaft adapter. The limiting shaft body is a long cylindrical shaft, with its two ends respectively embedded in the round holes of the T-shaped and L-shaped components. The limiting shaft is parallel to the longitudinal arm of the T-shaped component, and the shaft body has a small groove for limiting at the embedded part or threaded holes at both ends to prevent the solid shaft from rotating. Two limiting shaft adapter components are installed on the main board at a preset interval and angle, so that the shaft body is parallel to the roller of the guide shaft; the two limiting shafts are non-rotatable, with a distance of about 10mm to ensure that the magnetic tape target is flat and moves stably in this area. It should be noted that the limiting shaft adapter components and the limiting shaft fixture are both made of alloy with a Young's modulus of less than or equal to 110 Gpa and a hardness of greater than or equal to 30 HRC, and the limiting shaft body is made of tungsten steel, alloy, or carbon steel.

[0064] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the vacuum stepper motor assembly includes two vacuum stepper motor assemblies, and the vacuum reducer assembly includes two vacuum reducers, wherein, as... Figure 12 As shown, a vacuum stepper motor and a vacuum reducer correspond to a drive shaft with a target disk. The vacuum stepper motor is connected to the vacuum reducer, and the vacuum reducer is connected to the drive shaft with the target disk through the vacuum reducer motor adapter plate of the corresponding drive shaft with the target disk. The vacuum stepper motor and the vacuum reducer are symmetrically mounted on two sides of the main board of the target device with the corresponding drive shaft with the target disk.

[0065] According to one embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 13 As shown, the water cooling system includes: a first motor cooling assembly and a second motor cooling assembly, a first limit shaft cooling assembly and a second limit shaft cooling assembly, a vacuum adapter flange, a water chiller, four stainless steel pipes, and four metal flexible hoses. Among them, as shown... Figure 14As shown, the motor cooling assembly is connected to the tail of the vacuum stepper motor assembly. Each motor cooling assembly includes an aluminum block and two compression fittings. The aluminum block contains three interconnected channels. Two channels are parallel, and the same side port of these two channels is perpendicularly connected to another channel. Compression fittings are installed on the non-connecting sides of the two channels for connecting stainless steel tubing or flexible metal hoses. The port of the third channel is plugged. Each motor cooling assembly is bolted to the bottom of a vacuum stepper motor. Figure 15 As shown, each limiting shaft cooling assembly includes two stainless steel bends and two compression fittings. The ends of the two stainless steel bends are welded to welding holes on the side of the longitudinal arm channel of the same T-shaped component, and the other ends are fitted with compression fittings. The bending shape and curvature of the stainless steel bends are designed according to the installation position of the limiting shaft to avoid other parts of the limiting shaft and not affect laser transmission. (The last sentence appears to be incomplete and possibly refers to a different part of the assembly.) Figure 13 One ferrule of the first motor cooling assembly is connected to a ferrule of the first limiting shaft cooling assembly via a stainless steel pipe; the other ferrule is connected to a ferrule of the second motor cooling assembly via a stainless steel pipe. A ferrule of the second motor cooling assembly is connected to a ferrule of the first motor cooling assembly via a stainless steel pipe; the other ferrule is connected to a vacuum adapter flange via a flexible metal hose. The other ferrule is connected to a stainless steel pipe, and the other end of the stainless steel pipe is connected to a flexible metal hose via another ferrule and then to the vacuum adapter flange. The vacuum adapter flange is connected to the water chiller via two flexible metal hoses. One flexible metal hose connects the motor cooling assembly to the water chiller, and the other flexible metal hose connects the limiting shaft cooling assembly to the water chiller.

[0066] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are reflected in the following aspects: First, the two sets of drive shafts of the present invention are rotated by a vacuum stepper motor combined with a vacuum reducer. In actual operation, one set acts as an active drive for winding the target tape after interaction; the other is passively driven, providing fresh, unused target tape and appropriate damping to ensure sufficient tension in the target tape to guarantee its flatness and stability near the interaction point. When the target tape on the passively driven shaft is used up, the two-dimensional electronically controlled displacement stage translates the target tape to a new lateral position, and the original driven shaft switches to the active shaft to rotate the target in the opposite direction (the original active shaft becomes the driven shaft); this process is repeated, and combined with magnetic tape targets that are hundreds of meters long and a few centimeters wide, it significantly increases the running time of the magnetic tape target in each vacuum cycle. Second, the guide shaft of the present invention consists of rollers, roller supports, ceramic bearings, and retaining rings, with four sets symmetrically fixed to the main board. This can limit the movement of the target tape along a specific path, ensuring that it always fits the limiting shaft, and it is itself capable of rolling, reducing the friction during the rotation of the target tape, making it suitable for thin magnetic tapes and preventing breakage. Meanwhile, the limiting shaft is made of wear-resistant, high-flatness tungsten steel alloy and is fixed to the main board to prevent rolling, ensuring the positional stability of the target tape at the interaction point. Finally, this invention features a water-cooling system for cooling the motor and limiting shaft, which can dissipate the large amount of heat generated by the motor during continuous load operation and greatly reduce the risk of deformation and damage to the limiting shaft caused by heat generated by target tape friction and thermal shock waves, thereby improving the operating time and reliability of the magnetic tape target.

[0067] To verify the effectiveness of this invention, the stability of the tape target position during actual operation of the magnetic tape target device was measured within the vacuum chamber used in the experiment. Physical verification was also conducted by focusing a 100Hz, 30mJ, 20fs laser onto a copper tape target. The results are as follows: Figure 16-19 As shown. Among them, Figure 16 The invention demonstrates the stability of the target position of the magnetic tape target device under atmospheric conditions, measured using a high-precision laser rangefinder (Jingjiake HR-30-R, ranging 30±4mm, accuracy 0.5μm). The target position jitter between the two limiting shafts is better than ±15μm. This shows that the invention can ensure the flatness and positional stability of the target tape at the laser focal point, meeting the stringent requirements of laser for target position accuracy. Figure 17 This demonstrates the K-series energy produced by focusing 100Hz, 28mJ, and 20fs onto a copper strip target using an off-axis parabolic mirror (f=9inch). α The X-ray characteristic spectrum shows that the copper strip target used is 15 μm thick, 2 cm wide, and 500 m long; this indicates that the present invention can stably generate a high-brightness X-ray source and verifies its ability to support efficient coupling between laser and target material. Figure 18 The above-mentioned K-type laser generated by laser ablation of a copper strip target is shown. αThe positional stability of the X-ray spot collected and focused on the sample by the Montel-type multilayer film reflector (collection angle ~42mard, working distance ~800mm, magnification ~7) showed that the standard deviations of the horizontal and vertical pointing jitter were 16.28μrad and 13.29μrad, respectively. This indicates the overall stability of the experimental system and reflects the excellent overall mechanical and thermal stability of the invention, ensuring the stability of the X-ray source position. Figure 19 The above-mentioned single-shot laser ablation of a copper strip target produces Ka α The stability of the photon number of X-rays reaching the sample after passing through the Montel-type multilayer mirror is approximately 1.21 × 10⁻⁶ photons per shot. 5 The standard deviation is approximately 10% of the average value, indicating the stability of the interaction between the experimental laser and the target. It also reflects the excellent overall mechanical and thermal stability of the invention, ensuring the stability of X-ray intensity and guaranteeing high repeatability and signal-to-noise ratio of the experimental data.

[0068] It can be seen that, Figure 16-19 The experimental results jointly demonstrate that the present invention can achieve highly stable operation of the target strip position, and achieve core advantages such as efficient X-ray generation, high stability of spot direction and photon number under high repetition rate and high intensity laser drive, verifying its technological breakthroughs in stability, reliability and adaptability.

[0069] The various embodiments of the present invention have been described above. These descriptions are exemplary and not exhaustive, nor are they limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen to best explain the principles, practical application, or technical improvements to the embodiments in the market, or to enable others skilled in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A magnetic tape target device for high-repetition-rate (PRR) laser ablation, used to mount the magnetic tape target required for PPR laser ablation, wherein the magnetic tape target is a thin tape target, characterized in that, The device includes: a target device main board, a drive shaft with target disk assembly, a guide shaft assembly, a limit shaft assembly, a vacuum reducer assembly, a vacuum stepper motor assembly, a two-dimensional electrically controlled displacement stage, a water cooling system, and a control system, wherein: The target device main board is a vertical board used to install other components. One side of its middle section is a trapezoidal laser incident slot, which allows the laser to pass through the incident slot unobstructed and be incident on the target at the interaction point. The drive shaft target disk assembly includes a first drive shaft target disk and a second drive shaft target disk, which are respectively installed on the upper and lower sides of the same side of the laser injection slot. The first drive shaft target disk is used to wind a new or used magnetic tape target, and the second drive shaft target disk is used to wind a used or new magnetic tape target. Each drive shaft target disk rotates under the action of external force to pull the magnetic tape target along the desired direction, and one drive shaft target disk acts as the driving shaft and the other drive shaft target disk acts as the driven shaft. The driving and driven functions can be switched between each other. The guide shaft assembly includes multiple guide shafts, all of which are fixed on the target device motherboard on the same side of the magnetic tape target running path as the drive shaft and target disk, and are used to limit the azimuth angle of the magnetic tape target running so that the magnetic tape target runs to the limit shaft position. The limiting shaft group includes two limiting shafts, which are symmetrically spaced and installed on both sides of the interaction point on the same side of the laser injection groove, to limit the magnetic tape target at the focal point of the incident laser injection groove and ensure positional stability. The vacuum reducer unit includes two vacuum reducers, both fixed on the main board of the target device, and each connected to a drive shaft with a target disk. They are used to ensure the stability of the drive shaft with the target disk rotation, increase the torque, and provide damping to ensure that the magnetic tape target is in a taut state at the interaction point. The vacuum stepper motor assembly includes two vacuum stepper motors, each fixed on the main disk of the target device by a vacuum reducer, and each connected to a drive shaft that drives the target disk. The vacuum reducer motors are powered at a preset speed and tension to drive the corresponding drive shaft to rotate the target disk. The two-dimensional electrically controlled displacement stage is installed at the bottom of the target device main board and is used to adjust the target position; The water cooling system is connected to the vacuum stepper motor assembly and the limit shaft assembly via pipes and is used to perform cooling work. The control system adjusts the rotation speed and position of the magnetic tape target to make the target device adaptable to the laser repetition frequency and the target spacing.

2. The magnetic tape target device for high-repetition-rate laser target firing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The trapezoidal opening in the middle of the target device's main board divides the main board into three parts: an upper main board, a lower main board, and a connecting plate. The connecting plate connects the upper and lower main boards and is opposite to the bottom of the trapezoidal opening. A first drive shaft with target plate mounting hole is provided on one side of the main board for mounting the first drive shaft with target plate; A second drive shaft with target plate mounting hole is provided on one side of the lower motherboard for mounting the second drive shaft with target plate; The connecting plate has a groove for installing the limiting shaft assembly. The high-intensity laser enters from the trapezoidal opening and is focused on the target between the limiting shafts.

3. The magnetic tape target device for high-repetition-rate laser target firing according to claim 2, characterized in that, The drive shaft with target plate is a disc, which includes: target plate shaft, target plate outer cover, target plate bottom cover, and vacuum geared motor adapter plate. The parts are arranged from the outside to the inside in the form of target plate outer cover, target plate shaft, target plate bottom cover, and vacuum geared motor adapter plate and are fixed with bolts. The two ends of the target plate shaft are connected to the target plate outer cover and the target plate bottom cover respectively. The vacuum geared motor adapter plate is connected to a vacuum geared motor and rotates under the drive of the vacuum geared motor assembly. The vacuum geared motor is powered by a vacuum stepper motor connected to it.

4. The magnetic tape target device for high-repetition-rate laser target firing according to claim 3, characterized in that, The guide shaft assembly includes four cylindrical guide shafts, two of which are fixed between the first drive shaft with the target disk and the limiting shaft to form a new or applied sliding path for the magnetic tape target between the first drive shaft with the target disk and the limiting shaft. The other two guide shafts are fixed between the limiting shaft and the second drive shaft with the target disk to form a new or applied sliding path for the magnetic tape target between the limiting shaft and the second drive shaft with the target disk.

5. The magnetic tape target device for high-repetition-rate laser target ablation according to claim 4, characterized in that, Each guide shaft includes a roller, a roller clamp, two bearings, and a retaining ring. The roller body is cylindrical, with concentric cylindrical pins at both ends matching the inner diameter of the bearings for bearing installation. The roller clamp includes a connecting beam, an upper clamping plate, and a lower clamping plate, wherein: The upper and lower clamping plates are vertically connected to both ends of the connecting beam and are parallel to each other. Both the upper and lower clamping plates are provided with pin holes that match the outer diameter of the bearing for bearing installation. The pin holes on the upper and lower clamping plates are symmetrical to ensure that the roller is parallel to the connecting beam after installation. The positions of the pin holes on the upper and lower clamping plates are determined according to the required gap between the roller and the connecting beam. The gap between the roller and the connecting beam is used to ensure that the roller can rotate during the movement of the magnetic tape target to smooth the movement of the magnetic tape target. The upper clamping plate has a retaining ring groove on the inner side for retaining the bearing and making the bearing surface 1mm higher than the upper clamping plate surface; the lower clamping plate has a step so that the bearing is 1mm higher than the lower clamping plate surface after it is placed in. Next to the pin hole on the lower clamp plate, there are also mounting holes so that it can be fixed to the target device mainboard with bolts.

6. The magnetic tape target device for high-repetition-rate laser target firing according to claim 5, characterized in that, The bearing is a smooth ceramic bearing.

7. The magnetic tape target device for high-repetition-rate laser target firing according to claim 6, characterized in that, The limiting shaft assembly includes two limiting shafts, each of which includes: a limiting shaft adapter, a limiting shaft clamp, and a limiting shaft body, wherein: The limiting shaft adapter includes a long strip with a triangular cross-section. Both ends of the bottom surface of the long strip are equipped with U-shaped grooves. The long strip is fixed on the side of the target device main board drive shaft with the target disk on the same side. The limiting shaft fixture includes a T-shaped component and an L-shaped component. The longitudinal arm of the T-shaped component has a channel with two welding holes on the side of the channel, and a plug is welded to one end of the channel. One horizontal arm of the T-shaped component has a round hole for installing the limiting shaft body, and the other horizontal arm matches and is fixed with the U-shaped groove on the limiting shaft adapter component. The short arm of the L-shaped component has a round hole for installing the limiting shaft body, and the long arm matches and is fixed with the U-shaped groove on the limiting shaft adapter component. The limiting shaft is a long cylindrical shaft with its two ends embedded in the round holes of the T-shaped component and the L-shaped component, respectively. The limiting shaft is parallel to the longitudinal arm of the T-shaped component, and the shaft has a small groove for limiting at the part embedded in the round hole or threaded holes at both ends of the shaft to prevent the solid shaft from rotating. Two limiting shafts are installed parallel to each other on the connecting plate at a preset interval, and the shaft body is parallel to the roller of the guide shaft.

8. The magnetic tape target device for high-repetition-rate laser target ablation according to claim 7, characterized in that, The limiting shaft adapter and the limiting shaft clamp are both made of alloy with a Young's modulus of less than or equal to 110 Gpa and a hardness of greater than or equal to 30 HRC, while the limiting shaft body is made of tungsten steel, alloy or carbon steel.

9. The magnetic tape target device for high-repetition-rate laser target firing according to claim 8, characterized in that, Both the limiting shaft adapter and the limiting shaft clamp are made of titanium alloy.

10. The magnetic tape target device for high-repetition-rate laser target firing according to claim 8, characterized in that, The distance between the two limiting axes can be adjusted according to the needs of the interaction points.

11. The magnetic tape target device for high-repetition-rate laser target firing according to claim 8, characterized in that, The vacuum stepper motor assembly includes two vacuum stepper motor assemblies, and the vacuum reducer assembly includes two vacuum reducers. Each vacuum stepper motor and vacuum reducer corresponds to a drive shaft with a target disk. The vacuum stepper motor is connected to the vacuum reducer, and the vacuum reducer is connected to the drive shaft with a target disk via a vacuum reducer assembly adapter plate. The vacuum stepper motor assembly and vacuum reducer are symmetrically mounted on two sides of the target device mainboard with the corresponding drive shaft with the target disk.

12. The magnetic tape target device for high-repetition-rate laser target firing according to claim 8, characterized in that, The water cooling system includes: a first motor cooling assembly and a second motor cooling assembly, a first limit shaft cooling assembly and a second limit shaft cooling assembly, a vacuum adapter flange, a water chiller, four stainless steel pipes, and four metal flexible hoses, wherein: Each motor cooling assembly includes an aluminum block and two compression fittings. The aluminum block contains three interconnected channels, two of which are parallel and have their ports on the same side perpendicularly connected to another channel. The ports on the non-connected sides of the two channels are fitted with compression fittings for connecting stainless steel pipes or metal hoses. The port of the third channel is plugged. Each motor cooling assembly is bolted to the bottom of a vacuum stepper motor. Each limiting shaft cooling assembly includes two stainless steel bends and two ferrule fittings. The ends of the two stainless steel bends on the same side are welded to the welding holes on the side of the longitudinal arm channel of the same T-shaped component, and the ferrule fittings are installed on the other ends. The bending shape and curvature of the stainless steel bends are designed according to the installation position of the limiting shaft to avoid other parts of the limiting shaft and not affect laser transmission. Among them, one ferrule of the first motor cooling assembly is connected to one ferrule of the first limit shaft cooling assembly through a stainless steel pipe, and the other ferrule is connected to one ferrule of the second motor cooling assembly through a stainless steel pipe. One ferrule of the second motor cooling assembly is connected to one ferrule of the first motor cooling assembly through a stainless steel pipe, and the other ferrule is connected to the vacuum adapter flange through a metal hose. The first limiting shaft cooling assembly has one ferrule connector connected to one ferrule connector of the first motor cooling assembly via a stainless steel pipe, and another ferrule connector connected to one ferrule connector of the second limiting shaft cooling assembly via a stainless steel pipe. The second limiting shaft cooling assembly has one ferrule connector connected to one ferrule connector of the first limiting shaft cooling assembly via a stainless steel pipe, and the other ferrule connector is connected to a stainless steel pipe. The other end of the stainless steel pipe is then connected to a metal hose via a ferrule connector and connected to a vacuum adapter flange. The vacuum adapter flange is connected to the water chiller via two metal hoses. One metal hose connects the motor cooling assembly to the water chiller, and the other metal hose connects the limit shaft cooling assembly to the water chiller.

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