PCB board separating jig

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of PCB production, in particular to a PCB separating jig, which comprises a lower cover plate, the lower cover plate is provided with a through groove, the lower cover plate is provided with a mounting seat, the mounting seat is rotationally connected with an upper cover plate, a clamping mechanism comprises a positioning groove provided in the upper cover plate and a positioning block clamped with the positioning groove, a locking mechanism comprises a sliding frame, the sliding frame is provided with a driving plate, the positioning block is provided with a guide surface, when a cutter performs a cutting operation, the cutting load drives the driving plate to displace downward through the sliding frame, the driving plate is matched with the inclined surface between the guide surface, and the positioning block is further clamped in the positioning groove. The locking mechanism is arranged, the locking performance of the clamping mechanism can be improved by using the cutting load generated during cutting; and the hinged rotating side of the upper cover plate is assisted and compressed through an auxiliary compression mechanism, so that the reliability of the upper cover plate in covering and clamping is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of PCB manufacturing technology, specifically to a PCB separation fixture. Background Technology

[0002] After the PCB array board is manufactured, it needs to be divided into individual finished boards along the deflection edge. Especially for rigid-flex PCB products such as automotive millimeter-wave radar, the requirements for the quality of the board edges and the safety of the operation after deflection are very strict. Defects such as burrs on the board edges, dust entering the holes, and damage to the board components are not allowed. Traditional processes rely on manual deflection followed by sanding of the board edges, which is not only inefficient, but also allows dust generated during sanding to easily fall into the holes of the board components. Therefore, sandwich-type PCB deflection fixtures have emerged.

[0003] Most existing PCB separation fixtures use a lower cover plate and an upper cover plate to form a clamping and limiting structure for the PCB array board. The upper cover plate has an opening to avoid the board breaking edge during separation, thereby suppressing board vibration during the separation process and reducing the probability of burr generation. These fixtures often have one side of the upper cover plate hinged to the lower cover plate, and the other side away from the hinge uses a buckle, magnetic attraction, or spring to achieve clamping and locking after the cover is closed.

[0004] However, existing locking mechanisms still have significant shortcomings: conventional latches rely solely on manual closing and fastening to provide pre-tightening force, and the locking force provided by magnetic structures is also a fixed value. During board separation, the downward cutting of the tool applies a vertically downward cutting load to the PCB array board, accompanied by continuous vibration and impact. Under repeated vibration and disturbance, both latches and magnetic components are at risk of loosening. Once a false latch or lock loosening occurs, the clamping and pressing effect of the top cover fails, the PCB array board vibrates, and defects such as burrs on the board edges will still occur. If the friction of the latches, the magnetic force, or the spring pre-tightening force is simply increased to resist vibration, the operating resistance of opening and unlocking the cover will be increased, making it difficult to open the top cover, which is not conducive to the rapid handling of boards on the production line and affects the efficiency of board separation.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to invent a PCB depaneling fixture to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a PCB depaneling fixture that, through the setting of cutting load linkage, automatically improves the locking effect of the latches during cutting.

[0007] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A PCB depaneling fixture is provided, including a lower cover plate with a through groove. A mounting base is installed on the lower cover plate, and an upper cover plate is rotatably connected to the mounting base. The lower cover plate is provided with a locking mechanism to restrict the rotation of the upper cover plate. The locking mechanism includes a positioning groove in the upper cover plate and a positioning block that engages with the positioning groove. The lower cover plate is provided with a locking mechanism to abut the positioning block. The locking mechanism includes a sliding frame with a drive plate mounted on it. The positioning block has a guide surface. When the cutting tool performs a cutting operation, the cutting load drives the drive plate downward through the sliding frame. The inclined surface between the drive plate and the guide surface further engages the positioning block within the positioning groove.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the PCB depaneling fixture, the locking mechanism further includes a sliding groove formed in the lower cover plate. The sliding groove is equipped with a fixed rod that slides with the sliding frame. A third elastic element is sleeved on the outside of the fixed rod. A limit block is installed in the through groove. The limit block is slidably connected to a limit rod connected to the sliding frame. A movable block is installed on the limit rod.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the PCB depaneling fixture, the locking mechanism further includes a locking seat installed on the lower cover plate. The locking seat has a fixing groove inside. The locking seat is slidably connected to a connecting rod connected to a positioning block. A second elastic element is sleeved on the outside of the connecting rod. A cross plate is installed on the connecting rod.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of PCB separation fixture, the distance between the positioning block and the drive board is greater than the internal depth of the positioning groove, so as to ensure that the positioning block has sufficient sliding stroke to disengage from the positioning groove.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the PCB depaneling fixture, the mounting base is provided with an auxiliary clamping mechanism for limiting and clamping the upper cover plate. The auxiliary clamping mechanism includes a reserved slot opened in the mounting base, a slide rod installed in the reserved slot, a slider slidably connected to the slide rod, a first elastic element sleeved on the outer side of the slide rod, a clamping plate installed on the slider, a push plate that abuts against the clamping plate slidably connected to the reserved slot, and a linkage rod that abuts against the push plate installed on the horizontal plate.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of PCB depaneling fixture, the push plate is provided with a driving ramp, and the clamping plate is provided with a guide ramp adapted to the driving ramp.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of PCB depaneling fixture, the clamping plate is equipped with an elastic plate, and one side of the elastic plate is inclined.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of PCB depaneling fixture, the upper cover plate has a clearance opening that corresponds one-to-one with the through slot, and the through slot and the clearance opening are respectively located at the broken edge position of the PCB array board.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the PCB depaneling fixture, the lower cover plate is equipped with an elastic boss for positioning the PCB array board, and the corners of the elastic boss are rounded.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of PCB depaneling fixture, the upper cover plate is provided with a finger groove, and the inner wall of the finger groove is arc-shaped.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. The snap-fit ​​mechanism enables quick assembly and disassembly of the upper and lower cover plates, facilitating the assembly and removal of the PCB array board; at the same time, the locking mechanism ensures that the positioning block is more tightly locked inside the positioning groove during cutting, and the greater the cutting force generated by the cutting itself, the stronger the locking force becomes, effectively suppressing the positioning block and positioning groove from loosening or becoming loose due to continuous vibration, and ensuring the reliability of the upper and lower cover plates.

[0018] 2. Through the auxiliary clamping mechanism, after the upper and lower cover plates are closed, the clamping plate and the elastic plate can extend to provide auxiliary clamping to the hinge rotation side of the upper cover plate. Since the upper cover plate uses the rotation axis at the mounting base as the fulcrum, when it is locked by the locking mechanism alone, the clamping torque at the hinge end far from the locking mechanism is attenuated, which can easily produce microscopic pressure gaps. Therefore, the extended clamping plate and elastic plate can maintain the horizontal posture of the upper cover plate and eliminate gaps, avoid pressure gaps and slight warping on the hinge side, and reduce burr defects. In addition, with the double-point constraint of the locking mechanism, the vibration of the PCB array board caused by the cutting tool can be effectively suppressed. At the same time, after the upper cover plate is opened and the horizontal plate tension is removed, the clamping plate remains extended, which can prevent the upper cover plate from accidentally rotating and closing when picking up and removing the PCB array board, thus improving operational safety. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the PCB array board before assembly of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention viewed from below.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall partial cross-sectional structure of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a side view cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a top view of the PCB array board structure after cutting according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the sliding frame of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 8 This is a partial cross-sectional structural diagram of the upper cover plate and mounting base of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 9 This is the present invention. Figure 4 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle.

[0029] Figure 10 This is the present invention. Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram at point B.

[0030] Figure 11 This is the present invention. Figure 8 Enlarged structural diagram at point C.

[0031] In the picture: 1. Top cover plate; 11. Finger groove; 2. Bottom cover plate; 3. Elastic boss; 4. Auxiliary pressing mechanism; 41. Linkage rod; 42. Pressing plate; 43. Elastic plate; 44. Reserved groove; 45. Push plate; 46. Slide rod; 47. First elastic element; 48. Slider; 5. Engaging mechanism; 51. Engaging seat; 52. Horizontal plate; 53. Positioning groove; 54. Positioning block; 541. Guide surface; 55. Second elastic element; 56. Fixing groove; 57. Connecting rod; 6. Through groove; 7. Mounting seat; 8. Locking mechanism; 81. Sliding groove; 82. Sliding frame; 83. Drive plate; 84. Movable block; 85. Third elastic element; 86. Fixing rod; 87. Limiting rod; 88. Limiting block. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0033] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are schematic diagrams, not actual images. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent. To better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual dimensions of the product. It is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings.

[0034] In the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, they are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe positional relationships in the drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting the present patent. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0035] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the term "connection" or similar designation indicating a connection between components should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can refer to the internal communication between two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances. Example

[0036] refer to Figures 1 to 10 This invention provides a PCB depaneling fixture, including a lower cover plate 2 with a through slot 6 and a mounting base 7. The mounting base 7 is rotatably connected to an upper cover plate 1. The lower cover plate 2 is provided with a locking mechanism 5 to restrict the rotation of the upper cover plate 1. The locking mechanism 5 includes a positioning groove 53 in the upper cover plate 1 and a positioning block 54 that engages with the positioning groove 53. The lower cover plate 2 is provided with a locking mechanism 8 to abut the positioning block 54. The locking mechanism 8 includes a sliding frame 82 with a drive plate 83 mounted on it. The positioning block 54 has a guide surface 541. When the cutting tool performs a cutting operation, the cutting load drives the drive plate 83 downward through the sliding frame 82. The inclined surface between the drive plate 83 and the guide surface 541 further engages the positioning block 54 within the positioning groove 53. A drive surface adapted to the guide surface 541 is provided on one side of the drive plate 83.

[0037] Specifically, such as Figure 4 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 9 and Figure 10As shown, the locking mechanism 8 also includes a sliding groove 81 opened in the lower cover plate 2. The sliding groove 81 is equipped with a fixed rod 86 that slides with the sliding frame 82. A third elastic element 85 is sleeved on the outside of the fixed rod 86. The third elastic element 85 is preferably a miniature disc spring. A limit block 88 is installed in the through groove 6. The limit block 88 is slidably connected to a limit rod 87 connected to the sliding frame 82. A movable block 84 is installed on the limit rod 87.

[0038] In this embodiment, when the cutter performs the cutting operation, the PCB array board bears the downward cutting force of the cutter and undergoes a certain deformation. This deformation drives the movable block 84 to move down and drives the limiting rod 87 to descend synchronously. This causes the sliding frame 82 to slide down along the surface of the fixed rod 86 and compress the third elastic element 85. At the same time, the sliding frame 82 slides down and synchronously drives the drive plate 83 to move down. With the help of the inclined surface cooperation between the drive plate 83 and the guide surface 541, the positioning block 54 is driven to move, so that it can be further locked inside the positioning groove 53. This avoids the vibration generated during the cutting process from causing the upper cover plate 1 and the lower cover plate 2 to loosen. At the same time, after the cutter rises, the elastic force of the third elastic element 85 can be used to make the sliding frame 82 rise and drive the drive plate 83 to return to its original position, which facilitates the subsequent sliding of the positioning block 54 to achieve the disassembly action.

[0039] Specifically, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 9 As shown, the engaging mechanism 5 also includes an engaging seat 51 mounted on the lower cover plate 2. The engaging seat 51 has a fixing groove 56 inside. A connecting rod 57 connected to the positioning block 54 is slidably connected to the engaging seat 51. A second elastic element 55 is sleeved on the outer side of the connecting rod 57. The second elastic element 55 is preferably a helical cylindrical spring. A cross plate 52 is mounted on the connecting rod 57. The distance between the positioning block 54 and the drive plate 83 is greater than the internal depth of the positioning groove 53, ensuring that the positioning block 54 has sufficient sliding stroke to disengage from the positioning groove 53.

[0040] In this embodiment, pulling the horizontal plate 52 can drive the connecting rod 57 to slide, causing the positioning block 54 to slide and engage with the second elastic element 55 until the positioning block 54 is completely retracted into the fixing groove 56. Then, the upper cover plate 1 is placed on the lower cover plate 2, and the horizontal plate 52 is released. With the help of the elastic force of the second elastic element 55, the positioning block 54 is pushed to slide and engage in the positioning groove 53, realizing the reliable closing of the upper cover plate 1 and the lower cover plate 2, and completing the limiting and fixing of the PCB array board. When it is necessary to open the upper cover plate 1, under the elastic force of the third elastic element 85, the driving plate 83 rises and separates from the top of the positioning block 54. Then, the horizontal plate 52 is pulled to make the positioning block 54 slide and completely disengage from the positioning groove 53.

[0041] Specifically, such as Figures 1 to 5 and Figure 8 As shown, the upper cover plate 1 has a clearance opening that corresponds one-to-one with the through slot 6. The through slot 6 and the clearance opening are located at the broken edge of the PCB array board.

[0042] In this embodiment, by setting the clearance opening and the through slot 6, the tool can pass through and perform cutting operations on the broken edge of the PCB array board; at the same time, the debris generated by cutting can be directly discharged through the through slot 6, effectively preventing debris accumulation.

[0043] Specifically, such as Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, the lower cover plate 2 is equipped with a flexible boss 3 for positioning the PCB array board, and the corners of the flexible boss 3 are rounded.

[0044] In this embodiment, the elastic boss 3 adopts a modular design and is fixedly installed to the lower cover plate 2 by means of buckles or bolts. Thus, by replacing the elastic boss 3 with different module specifications, it can adapt to the cutout shape of different PCB array boards.

[0045] Specifically, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 8 As shown, the upper cover plate 1 has a finger groove 11, and the inner wall of the finger groove 11 is arc-shaped.

[0046] In this embodiment, the finger groove 11 with an arc-shaped inner wall is used to facilitate the user to pull the upper cover 1 upward and open it. Example

[0047] Based on the above embodiment 1, the upper cover plate 1 uses the rotating shaft at the mounting base 7 as the fulcrum. If it is locked only by the locking mechanism 5 located away from the mounting base 7, the clamping force will gradually decrease from the locking mechanism 5 to the hinge side. The clamping force on the hinge side is naturally weak. Therefore, the hinge side is prone to false pressure and slight warping gaps. Consequently, under the vibration of the cutting tool, the PCB array board in this area will experience slight vibration, which will lead to defects such as burrs and defects. In order to solve this problem, this embodiment provides an auxiliary clamping mechanism 4 that can assist in clamping the hinge rotating side of the upper cover plate 1.

[0048] Specifically, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 11As shown, the mounting base 7 is provided with an auxiliary clamping mechanism 4 for limiting and clamping the upper cover plate 1. The auxiliary clamping mechanism 4 includes a reserved groove 44 opened in the mounting base 7, a slide rod 46 installed in the reserved groove 44, a slider 48 slidably connected to the slide rod 46, a first elastic element 47 sleeved on the outer side of the slide rod 46, the first elastic element 47 preferably being a helical cylindrical spring, a pressing plate 42 installed on the slider 48, a push plate 45 abutting against the pressing plate 42 slidably connected to the reserved groove 44, and a linkage rod 41 abutting against the push plate 45 installed on the horizontal plate 52. The push plate 45 is provided with a driving inclined surface, and the pressing plate 42 is provided with a guide inclined surface adapted to the driving inclined surface. An elastic plate 43 is installed on the pressing plate 42, one side of the elastic plate 43 being inclined.

[0049] In this embodiment, when the horizontal plate 52 is pulled, the linkage rod 41 will move synchronously and separate from the push plate 45. Then, under the elastic force of the first elastic element 47, the slider 48 will slide and drive the pressing plate 42 to move. Then, by utilizing the inclined surface cooperation between the pressing plate 42 and the push plate 45, the push plate 45 will be driven to move towards the locking seat 51 until the pressing plate 42 drives the elastic plate 43 to disengage from the top of the upper cover plate 1. At this time, the upper cover plate 1 can be opened or closed normally. After the cover is closed, the horizontal plate 52 returns to its original position and slides, driving the linkage rod 41 to slide and push the push plate 45 to move. This causes the pressing plate 42 to drive the elastic plate 43 to slide out and apply a downward force to the top of the upper cover plate 1, thereby achieving auxiliary pressing on the hinged rotation side of the upper cover plate 1. This counteracts the vibration generated during the cutting operation and ensures that the upper cover plate 1 is evenly and reliably covered by the lower cover plate 2. In addition, after the upper cover 1 is opened and the tension applied to the horizontal plate 52 is removed, the clamping plate 42 can extend normally, thereby preventing the upper cover 1 from being accidentally rotated and closed directly during the process of picking up and putting down the PCB array board. Meanwhile, when the tool is cutting, the locking mechanism 8 will drive the positioning block 54 to be more tightly locked inside the positioning groove 53, and the displacement trend of the positioning block 54 will pull the horizontal plate 52 through the connecting rod 57, which will cause the pressure plate 42 to extend further, further ensuring the auxiliary pressing effect on the hinged rotating side of the upper cover plate 1.

[0050] In use, the upper cover plate 1 is first opened, and then the PCB array board is positioned and locked onto the lower cover plate 2 by the elastic boss 3. Then, the upper cover plate 1 is closed onto the lower cover plate 2 by the locking mechanism 5. At this time, the auxiliary pressing mechanism 4 is used to assist in pressing the hinge rotation side of the upper cover plate 1, thereby ensuring the reliable closing and pressing of the upper cover plate 1 and the lower cover plate 2. At the same time, when the tool is cutting, the locking mechanism 8 can be used to further improve the locking effect of the locking mechanism 5, so that the greater the cutting vibration, the stronger the locking force, effectively suppressing the positioning block 54 and the positioning groove 53 from loosening or disengaging due to continuous vibration, and ensuring the reliability of the closing of the upper cover plate 1 and the lower cover plate 2.

[0051] It should be stated that the above-described specific embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, equivalent substitutions, and variations can be made to the present invention. However, such variations, as long as they do not depart from the spirit of the present invention, should be within the scope of protection of the present invention. Furthermore, some terminology used in this specification and claims is not limiting, but merely for ease of description.

Claims

1. A PCB separation fixture, characterized in that: Includes a lower cover plate (2), which has a through groove (6) and a mounting base (7) installed on it. The mounting base (7) is rotatably connected to an upper cover plate (1). The lower cover plate (2) is provided with a locking mechanism (5) for restricting the rotation of the upper cover plate (1). The locking mechanism (5) includes a positioning groove (53) opened in the upper cover plate (1) and a positioning block (54) that engages with the positioning groove (53). The lower cover plate (2) is provided with a clamping mechanism. The locking mechanism (8) of the positioning block (54) includes a sliding frame (82) on which a drive plate (83) is mounted. The positioning block (54) has a guide surface (541). When the tool performs the cutting operation, the cutting load drives the drive plate (83) to move downward through the sliding frame (82). By utilizing the inclined surface cooperation between the drive plate (83) and the guide surface (541), the positioning block (54) is driven to be further clamped in the positioning groove (53).

2. The PCB depaneling fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking mechanism (8) further includes a sliding groove (81) opened in the lower cover plate (2). The sliding groove (81) is equipped with a fixed rod (86) that slides with the sliding frame (82). A third elastic element (85) is sleeved on the outside of the fixed rod (86). A limit block (88) is installed in the through groove (6). The limit block (88) is slidably connected to a limit rod (87) connected to the sliding frame (82). A movable block (84) is installed on the limit rod (87).

3. A PCB depaneling fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking mechanism (5) further includes a locking seat (51) installed on the lower cover plate (2). The locking seat (51) has a fixing groove (56) inside. The locking seat (51) is slidably connected to a connecting rod (57) connected to the positioning block (54). A second elastic element (55) is sleeved on the outside of the connecting rod (57). A cross plate (52) is installed on the connecting rod (57).

4. A PCB depaneling fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the positioning block (54) and the drive plate (83) is greater than the internal depth of the positioning groove (53) to ensure that the positioning block (54) has sufficient sliding stroke to disengage from the positioning groove (53).

5. A PCB depaneling fixture according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mounting base (7) is provided with an auxiliary pressing mechanism (4) for limiting and pressing the upper cover plate (1). The auxiliary pressing mechanism (4) includes a reserved groove (44) opened in the mounting base (7). A slide rod (46) is installed in the reserved groove (44). A slider (48) is slidably connected to the slide rod (46). A first elastic element (47) is sleeved on the outside of the slide rod (46). A pressing plate (42) is installed on the slider (48). A push plate (45) that abuts against the pressing plate (42) is slidably connected to the reserved groove (44). A linkage rod (41) that abuts against the push plate (45) is installed on the horizontal plate (52).

6. A PCB depaneling fixture according to claim 5, characterized in that: The push plate (45) is provided with a driving slope, and the clamping plate (42) is provided with a guide slope adapted to the driving slope.

7. A PCB depaneling fixture according to claim 5, characterized in that: The clamping plate (42) is equipped with an elastic plate (43), one side of which is inclined.

8. A PCB depaneling fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper cover plate (1) has a clearance opening that corresponds one-to-one with the through slot (6). The through slot (6) and the clearance opening are located at the broken edge of the PCB array board.

9. A PCB depaneling fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower cover plate (2) is equipped with an elastic boss (3) for positioning the PCB array board, and the corner of the elastic boss (3) is rounded.

10. A PCB depaneling fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper cover plate (1) has a finger groove (11), and the inner wall of the finger groove (11) is arc-shaped.

Images