A thermal management system and method for an energy storage system

Abstract

The application relates to the field of data center and energy storage thermal management collaborative control, and particularly relates to a thermal management system and a thermal management method of an energy storage system. In view of the problems of independent operation of a computing power side liquid cooling circuit and an energy storage side temperature control circuit, difficulty in utilization of waste heat, high system energy consumption and insufficient linkage control in an existing artificial intelligence data center, a controlled heat exchange channel is constructed between the computing power equipment liquid cooling circuit, the energy storage equipment temperature control circuit and the isolated heat exchanger, and a thermal management controller controls the switching of the flow path of the two sides according to the comparison results of the ambient temperature, the energy storage battery temperature, the energy storage return liquid temperature, the computing power equipment return liquid temperature and the computing power load power and the threshold value, so that the two circuits dynamically distribute heat among the heat exchanger, the cooling tower and the energy storage liquid cooling unit. The scheme can realize the collaborative utilization of the waste heat of the computing power side on the temperature control of the energy storage side, reduce the energy consumption of energy storage temperature regulation and the overall thermal management energy consumption, and improve the heat energy utilization rate, the system linkage and the thermal management efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of coordinated control of thermal management in data centers and thermal management in energy storage, and particularly to a thermal management system and thermal management method for an energy storage system. Background Technology

[0002] In artificial intelligence data centers, high heat density IT (Information Technology) equipment typically uses liquid cooling, and energy storage systems are usually equipped with independent temperature control devices to maintain the operating temperature of the equipment.

[0003] However, in existing solutions, the IT liquid cooling system and the energy storage temperature control system are mostly designed and controlled independently. The heat recovered on the IT side is usually directly discharged to the outside, which is difficult to match with the temperature control requirements of the energy storage side. When the ambient temperature fluctuates or the load changes, the energy storage system still needs to heat or dissipate heat separately, resulting in additional energy consumption and low overall thermal management efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, how to improve the thermal energy utilization efficiency between IT liquid cooling systems and energy storage temperature control systems and reduce overall thermal management energy consumption in artificial intelligence data centers has become a technical problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a thermal management system and method for an energy storage system to solve the aforementioned technical problems. This solution addresses scenarios where computing power and energy storage devices coexist in artificial intelligence data centers. It coordinates and manages the heat dissipation requirements of the computing power side and the temperature control requirements of the energy storage side, establishing a linkage between the heat generated during the operation of the computing power devices and the temperature regulation requirements of the energy storage devices. Furthermore, it adaptively adjusts the thermal management path based on various operating parameters, thereby improving the level of collaborative utilization of thermal energy between the two systems and reducing the additional thermal management energy consumption caused by their independent operation.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a thermal management system for an energy storage system, comprising a computing power device liquid cooling circuit, an energy storage device temperature control circuit, a heat exchanger, and a thermal management controller; the heat exchanger is provided with a first fluid passage and a second fluid passage that are isolated from each other; the computing power device liquid cooling circuit includes a computing power chip cold plate, a first liquid cooling circulation pump, a first electric control three-way valve and a cooling tower; the computing power chip cold plate is attached to a computing power chip inside the computing power device; an outlet of the computing power chip cold plate is in communication with an inlet of the first liquid cooling circulation pump, and an outlet of the first liquid cooling circulation pump is in communication with an inlet of the first electric control three-way valve; two shunt outlets of the first electric control three-way valve are respectively communicated with a coil inlet of the cooling tower and an inlet of the first fluid passage; both the cooling tower and an outlet of the first fluid passage return to the inlet of the computing power chip cold plate; the energy storage device temperature control circuit includes a battery pack liquid cooling plate, a second liquid cooling circulation pump, a second electric control three-way valve and an energy storage liquid cooling unit; the energy storage liquid cooling unit is a refrigeration device supporting the energy storage battery; an outlet of the battery pack liquid cooling plate is in communication with an inlet of the second liquid cooling circulation pump, and an outlet of the second liquid cooling circulation pump is in communication with an inlet of the second electric control three-way valve; two shunt outlets of the second electric control three-way valve are respectively communicated with an inlet of the energy storage liquid cooling unit and an inlet of the second fluid passage; both the energy storage liquid cooling unit and an outlet of the second fluid passage return to the inlet of the battery pack liquid cooling plate; the thermal management controller is configured to: monitor an ambient temperature, an energy storage battery temperature, an energy storage return liquid temperature, a computing power device return liquid temperature and a computing power load power; and generate a control instruction based on comparison results of each of the ambient temperature, the energy storage battery temperature, the energy storage return liquid temperature, the computing power device return liquid temperature and the computing power load power with at least one corresponding threshold, so as to drive the first electric control three-way valve and the second electric control three-way valve to perform passage switching.

[0007] In a possible embodiment, the heat exchanger is a plate heat exchanger.

[0008] In a possible embodiment, the thermal management controller is specifically configured to: if the energy storage battery temperature is greater than a first threshold, and the energy storage return liquid temperature is greater than a sum of the computing power device return liquid temperature and a preset heat exchange temperature difference threshold, determine a heat dissipation margin of the computing power device liquid cooling circuit based on the ambient temperature and the computing power load power; when the heat dissipation margin is greater than or equal to a preset margin threshold, generate a first control instruction, so as to control the first electric control three-way valve to switch to communicate with the first fluid passage, and control the second electric control three-way valve to switch to communicate with the second fluid passage, so that heat of the energy storage device temperature control circuit is transferred to the computing power device liquid cooling circuit via the heat exchanger, and the output power of a cooling tower fan is increased.

[0009] In a possible embodiment, when determining the heat dissipation margin of the computing power device liquid cooling circuit, the thermal management controller is specifically configured to: collect a temperature rise rate of the energy storage battery; determine an initial heat dissipation margin of the computing power device liquid cooling circuit based on the ambient temperature and the computing power load power; and correct the initial heat dissipation margin based on the temperature rise rate to obtain the heat dissipation margin of the computing power device liquid cooling circuit.

[0010] In one possible embodiment, the thermal management controller is further configured to: generate a second control command if the energy storage battery temperature is less than or equal to a first threshold and greater than or equal to a second threshold, or if the heat dissipation margin is less than a preset margin threshold, to control the first electrically controlled three-way valve to switch to connecting to the cooling tower, and to control the second electrically controlled three-way valve to switch to connecting to the energy storage liquid cooling unit, so that the temperature control loop of the energy storage device and the liquid cooling loop of the computing power device can operate independently.

[0011] In one possible embodiment, the thermal management controller is further configured to: if the energy storage battery temperature is less than a second threshold and the liquid return temperature of the computing device is greater than the sum of the energy storage battery temperature and the preset heat exchange temperature difference, generate a third control command to control the first electrically controlled three-way valve to switch to connect to the first fluid channel and control the second electrically controlled three-way valve to switch to connect to the second fluid channel, so as to realize that the waste heat of the liquid cooling circuit of the computing device is transferred to the temperature control circuit of the energy storage device through the heat exchanger to heat the energy storage battery, and control the cooling tower to operate as needed.

[0012] In one possible embodiment, the system further includes an electric heating component disposed in the temperature control loop of the energy storage device for heating the coolant flowing into the liquid cooling plate of the battery pack; the thermal management controller is further configured to: if the temperature of the energy storage battery is less than a second threshold and the return liquid temperature of the computing device is less than or equal to the sum of the temperature of the energy storage battery and the preset heat exchange temperature difference, generate a fourth control command to control the first electrically controlled three-way valve to switch to connect to the cooling tower and control the second electrically controlled three-way valve to switch to connect to the energy storage liquid cooling unit, so that the temperature control loop of the energy storage device and the liquid cooling loop of the computing device operate independently, and start the electric heating component to heat the energy storage battery.

[0013] In one possible embodiment, the thermal management controller is also configured to: determine a preset heat exchange temperature difference threshold based on the state of charge of the energy storage battery.

[0014] In one possible embodiment, the system is provided with a first flow detection component and a second flow detection component, wherein the first flow detection component is provided on the liquid cooling circuit of the computing device, and the second flow detection component is provided on the temperature control circuit of the energy storage device; the thermal management controller is further configured to: when the first electrically controlled three-way valve and the second electrically controlled three-way valve are both switched to the corresponding fluid channel connected to the heat exchanger, generate a speed adjustment command based on the flow difference of the coolant flow rate collected by the first flow detection component and the second flow detection component, so as to adjust the speed of the first liquid cooling circulation pump and / or the second liquid cooling circulation pump.

[0015] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a thermal management method applied to the thermal management system provided in the first aspect above, the method comprising:

[0016] Monitor ambient temperature, energy storage battery temperature, energy storage return liquid temperature, computing power equipment return liquid temperature, and computing power load power; based on the comparison results of each of the ambient temperature, energy storage battery temperature, energy storage return liquid temperature, computing power equipment return liquid temperature, and computing power load power with at least one corresponding threshold, drive the first and second electrically controlled three-way valves to switch channels.

[0017] This application provides a thermal management system and method for an energy storage system. By setting up a heat exchanger with a first fluid channel and a second fluid channel that are isolated from each other between the liquid cooling circuit of the computing device and the temperature control circuit of the energy storage device, a unified thermal management controller generates control commands based on the ambient temperature, energy storage battery temperature, energy storage return liquid temperature, computing device return liquid temperature and computing load power, and drives the first and second electrically controlled three-way valves to achieve channel switching. It can flexibly switch between independent heat dissipation on the computing side and heat exchange from the computing side to the energy storage side, and between independent temperature control on the energy storage side and temperature adjustment on the energy storage side using the waste heat of the computing power, thereby improving the thermal energy utilization efficiency between the computing device and the energy storage device, reducing the additional heating or cooling requirements of the energy storage system, and reducing the overall thermal management energy consumption. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a thermal management system for an energy storage system provided in this application;

[0020] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of heat flow for heating energy storage batteries using waste heat from computing power under low-temperature conditions provided in this application;

[0021] Figure 3 A schematic flowchart of a thermal management method provided in this application;

[0022] Figure 4 A flowchart illustrating another thermal management method provided in this application.

[0023] Icon labels:

[0024] 100-Thermal Management System;

[0025] 110 - Liquid cooling circuit for computing equipment; 120 - Temperature control circuit for energy storage equipment; 130 - Heat exchanger; 140 - Thermal management controller;

[0026] 111-Computing chip cold plate; 112-First liquid cooling circulation pump; 113-First electrically controlled three-way valve; 114-Cooling tower;

[0027] 121-Battery pack liquid cooling plate; 122-Second liquid cooling circulation pump; 123-Second electronically controlled three-way valve; 124-Energy storage liquid cooling unit.

[0028] The accompanying drawings illustrate specific embodiments of this application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of this application to those skilled in the art through reference to particular embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0029] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application.

[0030] This application relates to the field of thermal management in artificial intelligence data centers, and is applied to operating environments where high-heat-density computing power equipment and energy storage equipment are deployed in parallel. In such systems, computing power equipment typically uses liquid cooling circuits to remove the heat generated by chip operation, while energy storage equipment uses temperature control circuits to maintain batteries, such as lithium batteries, within a suitable temperature range, such as 15℃-35℃.

[0031] In existing AI data centers, the computing power side liquid cooling system and the energy storage side temperature control system are usually set up separately. The computing power side forms a heat dissipation link through cold plates, circulating pumps and cooling towers; the energy storage side cools or heats the batteries through heating components, liquid cooling plates, circulating pumps and energy storage liquid cooling units, and the control logic is mainly executed independently based on the battery temperature.

[0032] While this type of solution can meet the basic temperature control requirements of both computing and energy storage devices, there is a lack of controllable heat exchange between the two loops. Most of the heat in the return liquid on the computing side is directly released, and the heat cannot be recovered and reused, resulting in energy waste. In low-temperature environments, the energy storage device still needs to activate its heating components separately; under high-temperature or fluctuating load conditions, the two systems adjust independently and cannot coordinate based on changes in ambient temperature, energy storage temperature, return liquid temperature, and computing load.

[0033] This independent operation mode results in a single heat flow direction, and the available thermal energy in the system is not uniformly allocated, which increases the energy consumption of energy storage temperature control. It also causes the cooling tower and energy storage liquid cooling unit to bear separate loads for a long time, resulting in low overall thermal management efficiency.

[0034] To address the aforementioned technical issues, this application provides a thermal management system that introduces a heat exchange path between the liquid cooling loop of the computing device and the temperature control loop of the energy storage device during the thermal management process. A controllable heat exchange relationship is established within two isolated fluid channels. Combined with the channel switching of the three-way valves on both sides, a dynamic match is achieved between the heat return from the computing side and the temperature control requirements of the energy storage side. The thermal management controller monitors ambient temperature, energy storage battery temperature, energy storage return temperature, computing device return temperature, and computing load power. After comparing each parameter with corresponding thresholds, control commands are generated to adjust the flow paths of the two loops between the heat exchanger, cooling tower, and energy storage liquid cooling unit. This ensures that heat is distributed between the two systems according to operating conditions, reducing overall thermal management energy consumption and improving thermal energy utilization efficiency.

[0035] The technical solution of this application and how the technical solution of this application solves the above-mentioned technical problems are described in detail below with specific embodiments. These specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some embodiments. The embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a thermal management system for an energy storage system provided in this application is shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the thermal management system 100 includes a computing device liquid cooling circuit 110, an energy storage device temperature control circuit 120, a heat exchanger 130, and a thermal management controller 140. The heat exchanger 130 is provided with a first fluid channel and a second fluid channel that are isolated from each other. The computing device liquid cooling circuit 110 includes a computing chip cold plate 111, a first liquid cooling circulation pump 112, a first electrically controlled three-way valve 113, and a cooling tower 114. The energy storage device temperature control circuit 120 includes a battery pack liquid cooling plate 121, a second liquid cooling circulation pump 122, a second electrically controlled three-way valve 123, and an energy storage liquid cooling unit 124. The thermal management controller 140 is used to collect ambient temperature Tamb, energy storage battery temperature Tbat, energy storage return liquid temperature TST_ret, computing device return liquid temperature TIT_ret, and computing load power Pload. Based on the comparison results of the collected parameters with at least one corresponding threshold, it generates control commands to drive the first electrically controlled three-way valve 113 and the second electrically controlled three-way valve 123 to switch channels.

[0037] The liquid cooling circuit 110 of the computing power equipment is located on the computing power side. It refers to the liquid circulation path used to circulate and cool the heat-generating components inside the computing power equipment, including the computing power chip. Its function is to absorb the heat generated by the computing power chip through the computing power chip cold plate 111 and then transport it to different heat exchange units such as cooling towers or heat exchangers 130 through the first liquid cooling circulation pump 112 to adapt to changes in computing power load and environmental conditions.

[0038] The computing chip cold plate 111 is attached to the computing chip inside the computing device. The outlet of the computing chip cold plate 111 is connected to the inlet of the first liquid cooling circulation pump 112. The outlet of the first liquid cooling circulation pump 112 is connected to the inlet of the first electrically controlled three-way valve 113. The two branch outlets of the first electrically controlled three-way valve 113 are respectively connected to the coil inlet of the cooling tower 114 and the inlet of the first fluid channel. The outlets of the cooling tower 114 and the first fluid channel both return to the inlet of the computing chip cold plate 111, thus forming a closed loop.

[0039] In one possible embodiment, the computing chip cold plate 111 can be a flat cold plate, a micro-groove cold plate, or a pin-rib cold plate. The plate body of the computing chip cold plate 111 can be made of aluminum alloy, copper-based composite material, or stainless steel welded parts, and the internal flow channel can be a serpentine flow channel, a parallel flow channel, or a partitioned flow channel.

[0040] In one possible embodiment, the flow channel width of the computing chip cold plate 111 can be adapted to the heating area of ​​the computing chip, the external dimensions of the computing chip cold plate 111 can cover the projection range of the computing chip array, the outlet and inlet pipe diameters can be matched with the main pipe diameter of the liquid cooling circuit 110 of the computing equipment, and the thickness of the computing chip cold plate 111 can be adapted and designed according to the structural strength and heat exchange path.

[0041] The temperature control circuit 120 of the energy storage device is located on the energy storage side. It is a liquid circulation path used to cool down, regulate the temperature of the energy storage battery pack or receive heat compensation under low temperature conditions. Its function is to conduct heat generated during the operation of the energy storage battery pack, or to receive heat from the liquid cooling circuit 110 of the computing device through the heat exchanger 130 when the outside temperature is low, or to heat the liquid flowing into the liquid cooling plate of the battery pack through the heating component, so as to maintain the energy storage battery in a suitable temperature range, such as between 15°C and 35°C.

[0042] The battery pack liquid cooling plate 121 is located at the heat exchange interface of the energy storage battery pack. The outlet of the battery pack liquid cooling plate 121 is connected to the inlet of the second liquid cooling circulation pump 122. The outlet of the second liquid cooling circulation pump 122 is connected to the inlet of the second electrically controlled three-way valve 123. The two branch outlets of the second electrically controlled three-way valve 123 are respectively connected to the inlet of the energy storage liquid cooling unit 124 and the inlet of the second fluid channel. The outlets of the energy storage liquid cooling unit 124 and the second fluid channel both return to the inlet of the battery pack liquid cooling plate 121 to form a loop that can switch between independent cooling and heat exchange.

[0043] In one possible embodiment, the battery pack liquid cooling plate 121 can be an attached liquid cooling plate, a sandwich liquid cooling plate, or an embedded liquid cooling plate. The plate body can be made of aluminum alloy, copper-based composite material, or stainless steel welded parts. The flow channel can be a straight flow channel, an arc-shaped flow channel, or a partitioned parallel flow channel.

[0044] In one possible embodiment, the coverage area of ​​the battery pack liquid cooling plate 121 can be adapted to the surface size of the single battery pack or module, the flow channel spacing can be set according to the energy storage battery arrangement spacing, the inlet and outlet pipe diameter can be consistent with or slightly enlarged with the diameter of the second liquid cooling circulation pump 122 and the second electronically controlled three-way valve 123, and the thickness of the battery pack liquid cooling plate 121 can be reduced as much as possible to shorten the heat conduction path while meeting the structural strength requirements.

[0045] Heat exchanger 130 refers to a heat exchange unit installed between the liquid cooling circuit 110 of the computing device and the temperature control circuit 120 of the energy storage device, used to exchange heat between the fluids on both sides without direct mixing. Its function is to establish a controllable heat transfer path between the two circuits, so that the residual heat in the return liquid on the computing device side can participate in the temperature regulation on the energy storage device side, or transfer the heat on the energy storage device side to the liquid cooling circuit 110 of the computing device for dissipation when needed.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, the heat exchanger 130 has a first fluid channel and a second fluid channel that are isolated from each other. The first fluid channel is connected to the reversing outlet of the first electrically controlled three-way valve 113 and the return end of the computing chip cold plate 111. The second fluid channel is connected to the reversing outlet of the second electrically controlled three-way valve 123 and the return end of the battery pack liquid cooling plate 121. The two channels exchange heat only through the heat exchange wall to avoid cross-contamination between the two loops.

[0047] In one possible embodiment, the heat exchanger 130 may adopt a heat exchange structure with mutually isolated fluid channels. The heat exchange body may be made of metal heat exchange material, and the sealing parts may be made of media-resistant sealing material. The heat exchange area may be designed to match the heat load of the return liquid on the computing equipment side and the temperature control requirements on the energy storage equipment side. The hydraulic diameter of the channel may be determined in combination with the loop flow rate and allowable pressure drop. The channel spacing may be set according to the target heat transfer coefficient. The overall shape of the heat exchanger 130 may be arranged according to the cabinet installation space. The inlet and outlet diameters may be consistent with or slightly enlarged from the corresponding loop pipe diameter.

[0048] The thermal management controller 140 is a control unit used to collect the system operating status and output valve switching control signals. Its function is to monitor the ambient temperature Tamb, the energy storage battery temperature Tbat, the energy storage return liquid temperature TST_ret, the computing power equipment return liquid temperature TIT_ret, and the computing power load power Pload in real time or periodically, and determine the current heat distribution status based on the comparison results of each monitored quantity with the preset threshold, and then control the first electrically controlled three-way valve 113 and the second electrically controlled three-way valve 123 to switch channels between the cooling tower 114, the energy storage liquid cooling unit 124 and the heat exchanger 130.

[0049] Among them, the ambient temperature Tamb is the air temperature of the space where the thermal management system is located; the energy storage battery temperature Tbat is the monitored temperature of the energy storage battery body; the energy storage return temperature TST_ret is the temperature of the coolant after flowing out of the battery pack cold plate 121, such as the temperature of the coolant at the outlet of the battery pack cold plate 121; and the computing power device return temperature TIT_ret is the temperature of the coolant after flowing out of the computing power chip cold plate 111, such as the temperature of the coolant at the outlet of the computing power chip cold plate 111.

[0050] The aforementioned temperatures can be collected by one or more temperature sensors deployed in suitable locations.

[0051] The computing load power Pload is the current output power of the computing device, which can be obtained by the computing device itself based on the operating conditions of the computing chip and reported to the thermal management controller 140.

[0052] The thermal management controller 140 is electrically connected to detection units such as temperature sensors and computing devices used to acquire various monitoring parameters, as well as the first electrically controlled three-way valve 113 and the second electrically controlled three-way valve 123. The thermal management controller 140 can be installed in a data center control cabinet, an edge control box, or a control module integrated with an energy storage system management unit. The thermal management controller 140 can be implemented using a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller), an industrial embedded controller, or an edge computing control unit. The housing can be a metal shielded housing, a flame-retardant engineering plastic housing, or an aluminum alloy heat dissipation housing. The internal components can be configured with analog signal acquisition, digital signal output, and communication interfaces. The number of interfaces of the thermal management controller 140 matches the number of sensors and actuators. The external dimensions can be set according to the control cabinet space and heat dissipation requirements. The area of ​​the heat exchange device can be adapted to the power consumption level.

[0053] The first liquid-cooled circulation pump 112 is a power transmission component installed in the liquid-cooled circuit 110 of the computing equipment. Its function is to provide circulation pressure for the coolant in the computing chip cold plate 111, so that the coolant flows continuously between the computing chip cold plate 111, the first electrically controlled three-way valve 113, the cooling tower 114, or the heat exchanger 130. The inlet of the first liquid-cooled circulation pump 112 is connected to the outlet of the computing chip cold plate 111, and its outlet is connected to the inlet of the first electrically controlled three-way valve 113. The pump body is usually installed in the return water... The pipeline should be located in a low-resistance section or a location that is easy to maintain; the first liquid-cooled circulating pump 112 can be a centrifugal pump, a magnetically driven pump, or a canned pump, and the pump casing can be made of stainless steel, cast aluminum, or corrosion-resistant engineering plastics, while the impeller can be made of stainless steel or polymer composite materials; the rated flow and head of the first liquid-cooled circulating pump 112 can be set according to the heat generation power of the computing chip, the pressure drop of the computing chip cold plate 111, and the pipeline resistance, and the inlet and outlet diameters can be consistent with the pipeline diameter, while the pump body installation length can be determined according to the cabinet layout and maintenance space.

[0054] The second liquid-cooled circulating pump 122 is a power transmission component installed in the temperature control circuit 120 of the energy storage device. Its function is to provide circulating pressure for the coolant or heat exchange fluid in the battery pack liquid-cooled plate 121, so that it flows between the battery pack liquid-cooled plate 121, the second electrically controlled three-way valve 123, the energy storage liquid-cooled unit 124, or the heat exchanger 130. The inlet of the second liquid-cooled circulating pump 122 is connected to the outlet of the battery pack liquid-cooled plate 121, and its outlet is connected to the inlet of the second electrically controlled three-way valve 123. The pump body can be installed... The second liquid-cooled circulating pump 122 can be a centrifugal pump, a magnetically driven pump, or a canned pump. The pump casing can be made of stainless steel, cast aluminum, or engineering plastics, and the impeller can be made of stainless steel, copper alloy, or reinforced composite materials. The flow rate and head of the second liquid-cooled circulating pump 122 can be matched according to the heat load of the battery pack, the resistance of the liquid cooling plate 121 of the battery pack, and the resistance of the heat exchanger 130. The diameter can correspond to the diameter of the circuit pipe, and the external dimensions can be adapted according to the internal layout of the battery cabinet.

[0055] The first electrically controlled three-way valve 113 is an electrically operated switching valve installed in the liquid cooling circuit 110 of the computing equipment. Its function is to switch or distribute the flow direction of the return liquid from the computing equipment between the cooling tower 114 passage and the first fluid passage according to the control command issued by the thermal management controller 140, so that the heat on the computing equipment side is preferentially discharged to the external heat dissipation unit or transferred to the heat exchanger 130 to participate in the temperature control on the energy storage equipment side. The inlet of the first electrically controlled three-way valve 113 is connected to the outlet of the first liquid cooling circulation pump 112, and the two branch outlets are respectively connected to the inlet of the cooling tower 114 coil. The valve body is located at the branch node of the liquid cooling circuit 110 of the computing equipment and the inlet of the first fluid channel; the first electrically controlled three-way valve 113 can be an electric ball valve, an electric plug valve, a proportional regulating valve or a multi-channel switching valve, the valve body can be made of brass, stainless steel or engineering plastic, and the valve core can be made of stainless steel or wear-resistant composite material; the diameter of the first electrically controlled three-way valve 113 can be the same as or slightly larger than the diameter of the liquid cooling circuit 110 of the computing equipment, the opening and closing stroke and the motor torque can be set according to the system pressure difference and switching frequency, and the valve body installation length can be adapted to the cabinet piping layout.

[0056] The second electrically controlled three-way valve 123 is an electrically operated switching valve installed in the temperature control circuit 120 of the energy storage device. Its function is to switch or distribute the flow direction of the battery pack return liquid between the energy storage liquid cooler unit 124 passage and the second fluid channel passage according to the control command issued by the thermal management controller 140, so that the energy storage device can switch between independent cooling and receiving external heat. The inlet of the second electrically controlled three-way valve 123 is connected to the outlet of the second liquid cooling circulation pump 122, and the two branch outlets are respectively connected to the inlet of the energy storage liquid cooler unit 124 and the second fluid channel. The valve body is located at a branch node of the temperature control circuit 120 of the energy storage device. The second electrically controlled three-way valve 123 can be an electric ball valve, an electric plug valve, a proportional regulating valve, or a multi-channel switching valve. The valve body can be made of brass, stainless steel, or engineering plastic, and the valve core can be made of stainless steel, ceramic, or wear-resistant composite material. The diameter of the second electrically controlled three-way valve 123 matches the pipe diameter of the temperature control circuit 120 of the energy storage device. The length of the valve body structure can be set according to the installation space of the cabinet. The output torque of the drive mechanism can be adapted to the requirements of circuit voltage drop and switching stability.

[0057] Cooling tower 114 refers to a heat dissipation unit used to dissipate heat from the liquid cooling circuit 110 of the computing equipment to the external environment. It is equipped with coils inside, and the coolant in the circuit flows within the coils without direct contact with the outside air. When the first electrically controlled three-way valve 113 switches to the cooling tower 114 passage, the heat carried by the coolant is dissipated to the external environment through the cooling tower 114.

[0058] The coil inlet of the cooling tower 114 is connected to one branch outlet of the first electrically controlled three-way valve 113, and the outlet of the cooling tower 114 flows back to the inlet of the computing chip cold plate 111, thus forming a closed heat dissipation path with the computing equipment liquid cooling circuit 110. The cooling tower 114 can be a closed cooling tower 114, an air-cooled cooling tower 114, or an evaporative cooling tower 114. The coil can be made of copper, stainless steel, or aluminum alloy. The tower body can be made of metal shell, fiberglass shell, or composite material shell. The heat exchange coil area can be set according to the liquid return heat load of the computing equipment. The tower height and fan configuration can be determined according to the layout of the computer room and the heat dissipation conditions. The inlet and outlet water diameters can be consistent with the pipe diameter of the computing equipment liquid cooling circuit 110.

[0059] In some embodiments, the outlet of the cooling tower 114 can be connected to the inlet of the computing chip cold plate 111 via an auxiliary pump.

[0060] The energy storage liquid cooling unit 124 refers to the refrigeration equipment installed in conjunction with the energy storage battery. Its function is to cool or regulate the temperature of the loop fluid when independent cooling is required on the energy storage device side, and to provide the temperature-controlled cooling medium to the battery pack liquid cooling plate 121 when the second electronically controlled three-way valve 123 opens the path. The inlet of the energy storage liquid cooling unit 124 is connected to one of the branch outlets of the second electronically controlled three-way valve 123, and the outlet of the energy storage liquid cooling unit 124 flows back to the inlet of the battery pack liquid cooling plate 121.

[0061] The energy storage liquid cooling unit 124 can be a compressor refrigeration unit, a liquid-liquid heat exchanger unit, or an air-cooled integrated unit. The heat exchanger 130 shell can be made of stainless steel, aluminum alloy, or engineering plastic, and the internal refrigeration piping can be made of copper or stainless steel. The cooling capacity of the energy storage liquid cooling unit 124 can be matched and set according to the battery pack heat load, ambient temperature, and allowable return liquid temperature range. The interface diameter can be adapted to the second circuit pipe diameter, and the external dimensions can be determined according to the internal installation space of the energy storage cabinet.

[0062] In some embodiments, the outlet of the energy storage liquid cooling unit 124 can be connected to the inlet of the battery pack liquid cooling plate 121 via an auxiliary pump. The thermal management system of the energy storage system provided in this application sets the computing equipment liquid cooling circuit 110 and the energy storage equipment temperature control circuit 120 as independent circulation paths, and introduces a heat exchanger 130 with mutually isolated fluid channels between them, so that the return liquid on the computing equipment side and the return liquid on the energy storage equipment side can exchange heat without mixing; at the same time, the thermal management controller 140 jointly judges the ambient temperature, energy storage battery temperature, energy storage return liquid temperature, computing equipment return liquid temperature and computing load power, and drives the first electrically controlled three-way valve 113 and the second electrically controlled three-way valve 123 to switch the flow path, so that the coolant selects the appropriate path between the cooling tower 114, the energy storage liquid cooling unit 124 and the heat exchanger 130 according to the operating conditions. When the system starts up, the heat generated by the computing chip is first absorbed by the computing chip cold plate 111. The first liquid cooling circulation pump 112 pushes the coolant through the first electrically controlled three-way valve 113. When the thermal management controller 140 determines that the return liquid temperature of the computing equipment meets the dissipation conditions, the first electrically controlled three-way valve 113 directs the fluid to the cooling tower 114, which then dissipates the heat. When the thermal management controller 140 determines that the energy storage device needs to use the waste heat from the computing equipment for temperature control, the first electrically controlled three-way valve 113... The first fluid channel of the heat exchanger 130 is guided by the second electrically controlled three-way valve 123, while the return liquid from the energy storage device side is guided to the second fluid channel of the heat exchanger 130. After heat exchange is completed in their respective isolated channels, the fluids on both sides flow back to the computing chip cold plate 111 and the battery pack liquid cooling plate 121, respectively. When the energy storage device side needs independent cooling, the second electrically controlled three-way valve 123 switches to the path of the energy storage liquid cooling unit 124, which regulates the temperature of the return liquid before sending it back to the battery pack liquid cooling plate 121. Thus, the heat discharged from the computing device side can be transferred to the energy storage device side for utilization when the conditions are met. The energy storage device side can switch between heat exchange and cooling under low temperature or high temperature conditions. Heat is no longer solely dependent on a single path for dissipation, and the system's distribution of usable thermal energy is more concentrated. The operational demand for independent heating or cooling on the energy storage device side is correspondingly reduced, and the overall thermal management process can form a linkage control according to changes in the environment and load.

[0063] For example, the computing chip can be a GPU, and the computing device can be a server.

[0064] The thermal management system provided in this application sets up a heat exchanger with a first fluid channel and a second fluid channel that are isolated from each other between the liquid cooling circuit of the computing device and the temperature control circuit of the energy storage device. A unified thermal management controller generates control commands based on the ambient temperature, energy storage battery temperature, energy storage return liquid temperature, computing device return liquid temperature and computing load power, and drives the first and second electrically controlled three-way valves to achieve channel switching. It can flexibly switch between independent heat dissipation on the computing side and heat exchange from the computing side to the energy storage side, and between independent temperature control on the energy storage side and temperature adjustment on the energy storage side using the waste heat of the computing power. This improves the thermal energy utilization efficiency between the computing device and the energy storage device, reduces the additional heating or cooling requirements of the energy storage system, and reduces the overall thermal management energy consumption.

[0065] Furthermore, the thermal management controller 140 can also be electrically connected to the first liquid cooling circulation pump 112, the second liquid cooling circulation pump 122, and the cooling tower 114 fan, and the generated control signal can also control the speed of the first liquid cooling circulation pump 112, the second liquid cooling circulation pump 122, and the cooling tower 114 fan.

[0066] Based on the aforementioned embodiments, the heat exchanger 130 is further configured as a plate heat exchanger, a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, a coaxial heat exchanger, etc.

[0067] In one possible embodiment, heat exchanger 130 is a plate heat exchanger.

[0068] Plate heat exchangers can be designed in any of the following forms: detachable, brazed, or fully welded. Detachable structures facilitate maintenance and cleaning, brazed structures are suitable for small, compact layouts, and fully welded structures are better suited for high-pressure or high-reliability applications. The plates can be made of stainless steel, titanium, or copper-nickel alloy to balance corrosion resistance, thermal conductivity, and structural strength. Gaskets can be made of rubber, fluororubber, or EPDM (Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer) to adapt to different media temperatures and chemical environments. Connections can be made using flanges, threads, or quick-connect fittings to match the installation methods of piping inside and outside the server rack. The heat exchange area, plate corrugation depth, plate spacing, and flow channel aspect ratio of this plate heat exchanger can be designed to match the system's heat load and allowable pressure drop. For example, its effective heat exchange area can range from several square meters to tens of square meters, and the overall structure can be designed as a compact cuboid to accommodate the relatively limited installation space within AI data center cabinets or stations.

[0069] When the system starts, the thermal management controller 140 first collects the ambient temperature, energy storage battery temperature, energy storage return liquid temperature, computing power equipment return liquid temperature, and computing power load power, and compares these parameters with preset thresholds to generate corresponding control commands. On the computing power equipment side, the high-temperature return liquid formed after the computing chip cold plate 111 absorbs the heat of the computing chip is pressurized by the first liquid cooling circulation pump 112 and sent to the first electrically controlled three-way valve 113. The thermal management controller 140 determines the return liquid based on the heat load on the computing power equipment side and the external environmental conditions. Whether to directly enter the cooling tower 114 coil for external heat dissipation, or to switch to the first fluid channel of the plate heat exchanger for heat exchange with the other side loop; on the energy storage device side, the return liquid flowing out of the battery pack liquid cooling plate 121 is transported to the second electronically controlled three-way valve 123 via the second liquid cooling circulation pump 122. The thermal management controller 140 then determines, based on the energy storage battery temperature and the energy storage return liquid temperature, whether the fluid enters the energy storage liquid cooling unit 124 for conventional cooling, or switches to the second fluid channel of the plate heat exchanger for heat exchange with the return liquid on the computing device side.

[0070] Because the plate heat exchanger uses adjacent isolated flow channels composed of multiple plates, when the two loops flow along their respective flow channels in counter-current or co-current conditions, heat can be efficiently transferred through the plate wall without the fluids mixing. Thus, in low-temperature environments, the waste heat from the computing equipment side can be introduced to the energy storage equipment side to reduce the heating or temperature regulation burden of the energy storage liquid cooler unit 124. In high-temperature or load fluctuation conditions, the cooling capacity from the energy storage equipment side can be auxiliaryly distributed to the computing equipment side to reduce the long-term independent operation energy consumption of the cooling tower 114 and the energy storage liquid cooler unit 124.

[0071] Based on the above analysis, it can be seen that the plate heat exchanger can not only improve the heat transfer coefficient and reduce the equipment layout volume, but also work in coordination with the channel switching of the two-way electrically controlled three-way valves to form a controllable flow path of heat between the liquid cooling circuit 110 of the computing equipment and the temperature control circuit 120 of the energy storage equipment, thereby improving the overall thermal management efficiency of the system and reducing the comprehensive energy consumption.

[0072] Based on the foregoing embodiments, the thermal management controller 140 is further specifically used for:

[0073] If the temperature of the energy storage battery is greater than the first threshold, and the temperature of the energy storage return liquid is greater than the sum of the temperature of the computing device return liquid and the preset heat exchange temperature difference threshold, then the heat dissipation margin of the computing device liquid cooling circuit 110 is determined based on the ambient temperature and the computing load power. When the heat dissipation margin is greater than or equal to the preset margin threshold, a first control command is generated to control the first electrically controlled three-way valve 113 to switch to connect to the first fluid channel and to control the second electrically controlled three-way valve 123 to switch to connect to the second fluid channel, so that the heat of the energy storage device temperature control circuit 120 is transferred to the computing device liquid cooling circuit 110 through the heat exchanger 130, and the output power of the cooling tower 114 fan is increased.

[0074] The first threshold can be the upper limit of the suitable temperature range for energy storage batteries, such as 35°C.

[0075] When the energy storage battery temperature exceeds the first threshold, i.e., the energy storage battery temperature is too high, further analysis can be conducted to determine whether the temperature difference between the return liquid of the two circuits is large enough, and whether the computing power side has sufficient remaining heat dissipation capacity. Specifically, the temperature difference between the return liquid temperature of the energy storage and the return liquid temperature of the computing power device is greater than the preset heat exchange temperature difference threshold, and the heat dissipation margin of the liquid cooling circuit 110 of the computing power device is greater than or equal to the preset margin threshold. If so, the collaborative auxiliary heat dissipation mode is entered. Through the generated first control command, the heat exchanger is turned on, i.e., the first electrically controlled three-way valve 113 is switched to connect to the first fluid channel, and the second electrically controlled three-way valve 123 is switched to connect to the second fluid channel, thereby utilizing the heat dissipation capacity of the computing power side to cool the energy storage battery.

[0076] In one possible embodiment, the thermal management controller 140 first acquires the temperature of the energy storage battery, the energy storage return liquid temperature, and the computing device return liquid temperature based on the temperature acquisition module, and makes a comprehensive judgment based on the ambient temperature and computing load power. When the energy storage battery temperature is higher than a first threshold, and the energy storage return liquid temperature is higher than the sum of the computing device return liquid temperature and the preset heat exchange temperature difference threshold, it indicates that there is heat to be released on the energy storage device side and that the heat has the temperature difference conditions to be transferred to the computing device side; at this time, the thermal management controller 140 further estimates the heat dissipation margin of the computing device liquid cooling circuit 110 based on the ambient temperature and computing load power. If the heat dissipation margin is greater than or equal to the preset margin threshold, the thermal management controller 140 outputs a first control command to switch the first electrically controlled three-way valve 113 to connect to the first fluid channel and the second electrically controlled three-way valve 123 to connect to the second fluid channel. Simultaneously, the output power of the cooling tower 114 fan is increased, so that the high-temperature return liquid in the energy storage device temperature control circuit 120 enters the heat exchanger 130 through the second fluid channel. In the heat exchanger 130, the heat is transferred to the first fluid channel corresponding to the computing power device liquid cooling circuit 110 and then flows back to the battery pack liquid cooling plate 121. The fluid in the computing power device liquid cooling circuit 110, after obtaining heat from the energy storage device side, is then cooled by the cooling tower 114 for unified heat dissipation or heat dissipation according to the operating conditions.

[0077] To increase the output power of the cooling tower 114 fan, you can use continuous speed adjustment or step-by-step adjustment, such as increasing the speed by one or more steps according to the preset speed, thereby improving the heat dissipation capacity of the cooling tower 114.

[0078] Furthermore, if the heat dissipation margin is less than the preset margin threshold, it indicates that the heat dissipation capacity of the computing equipment is insufficient, and a second control command is generated to maintain the heat dissipation of each circuit independently. Under the control of the second control command, the first electrically controlled three-way valve 113 is connected to the cooling tower 114, and the second electrically controlled three-way valve 123 is connected to the energy storage liquid cooling unit 124.

[0079] The heat dissipation margin can be understood as the additional heat capacity that the liquid cooling circuit 110 of the computing power device can still bear under the existing environmental heat exchange capacity and load heat input conditions. It can usually be obtained through calculation formulas or by looking up tables. Among them, the lower the ambient temperature and the smaller the computing power load power, the larger the heat dissipation margin.

[0080] When determining the heat dissipation margin, the computing load power can be approximated as the heat generation power of the computing equipment. Combined with the performance curve of the cooling tower, the heat dissipation capacity of the cooling tower at the corresponding ambient temperature can be determined. The difference between the heat dissipation capacity of the cooling tower and the heat generation power of the computing equipment can be calculated to obtain the heat dissipation margin.

[0081] For example, the preset heat exchange temperature difference threshold ΔTmin can be in the range of 3℃ to 8℃, such as 5℃.

[0082] For example, the heat dissipation margin threshold can range from 10kW to 20kW, such as 15kW.

[0083] The heat exchanger 130 is preferably a plate heat exchanger, which achieves efficient heat transfer and avoids fluid mixing through the isolation plate between the first fluid channel and the second fluid channel, thereby enabling the two circuits to complete heat coupling while maintaining medium isolation; the cooling tower 114 can improve the heat exchange capacity of the coil side after the fan is enhanced, thereby providing more sufficient heat dissipation conditions for absorbing heat from the energy storage device side and the waste heat of the computing load.

[0084] When the temperature of the energy storage battery rises and the temperature difference between the energy storage return liquid and the effective temperature difference between the energy storage return liquid and the computing equipment return liquid is higher, the thermal management controller 140 does not directly maintain independent cooling on the energy storage side. Instead, it first determines whether the computing equipment liquid cooling circuit 110 has a heat dissipation margin to accept additional heat. Only when the margin meets the requirements will the heat from the energy storage temperature control circuit 120 be introduced into the computing equipment liquid cooling circuit 110 and the output power of the cooling tower 114 fan be increased. This allows the energy storage heat that might have been discharged separately to be reused, while reducing the continuous load of the energy storage liquid cooling unit 124 and improving the computing equipment side cooling tower 114's ability to handle mixed heat loads. This improves the overall thermal management efficiency and reduces system energy consumption without exceeding the thermal safety boundaries of each circuit.

[0085] Based on the foregoing embodiments, the thermal management controller 140, when determining the heat dissipation margin of the liquid cooling circuit 110 of the computing device, is specifically used for:

[0086] The temperature rise rate of the energy storage battery is collected; based on the ambient temperature and computing load power, the initial heat dissipation margin of the computing equipment liquid cooling circuit 110 is determined; based on the temperature rise rate, the initial heat dissipation margin is corrected to obtain the heat dissipation margin of the computing equipment liquid cooling circuit 110.

[0087] Among them, the temperature rise rate is a dynamic parameter used to characterize the temperature change trend of the energy storage battery per unit time. It essentially reflects the speed of change in the current heat absorption, heat release and heat accumulation state of the energy storage battery. By introducing the dynamic change of the energy storage battery temperature, the ability of the liquid cooling circuit 110 of the computing equipment to participate in heat exchange can be corrected in real time. This allows the assessment of heat dissipation margin to not only consider the static heat load represented by the ambient temperature and computing load power, but also to make a forward-looking judgment based on the current thermal response state of the energy storage battery. This reduces the risk of valve position switching lag or excessive heat exchange caused by relying solely on a single operating condition parameter.

[0088] Specifically, the computing load power can be approximated as the heat generation power of the computing equipment. The maximum heat dissipation capacity of the cooling tower under the current ambient temperature is obtained by combining the cooling tower's performance curve. Subtracting the heat generation power of the computing equipment from the maximum heat dissipation capacity of the cooling tower yields the initial heat dissipation margin. Considering the rapid heating of the energy storage battery, the battery temperature rise rate reflects the potential short-term heat release capacity of the energy storage side. Therefore, the initial heat dissipation margin is corrected based on the energy storage battery temperature rise rate, resulting in the corrected heat dissipation margin of the computing equipment's liquid cooling circuit 110. When the energy storage battery temperature rise rate is high, indicating that the energy storage is about to release a large amount of heat, the heat dissipation margin is reduced to reserve a safety margin, preventing the short-term large heat generation of the energy storage from exceeding the actual capacity of the liquid cooling circuit and ensuring that the cooling of the computing equipment is not impacted. When the energy storage battery temperature rise rate is low, the initial heat dissipation margin can be maintained or slightly increased.

[0089] The thermal management controller 140 is located at the control center of the thermal management system of the energy storage system. Its input terminals are electrically connected to the energy storage battery temperature sampling circuit, the ambient temperature sampling circuit, and the computing load power detection circuit, respectively. Its output terminals are connected to the control interfaces of the first electrically controlled three-way valve 113, the second electrically controlled three-way valve 123, and the cooling tower 114 speed control unit, so as to convert the heat dissipation margin calculation results into specific control commands.

[0090] In one possible embodiment, the temperature rise rate can be acquired by a thermistor, a patch digital temperature sensor, or a thermocouple that is in contact with the battery casing and is placed on the surface of the energy storage battery module. The thermal management controller 140 can be a microcontroller, industrial computer, or edge controller with timing sampling and computing acceleration capabilities. The circuit board can be an FR-4 copper-clad laminate, a metal substrate, or a ceramic substrate to meet heat dissipation and electromagnetic compatibility requirements.

[0091] Furthermore, the temperature sensors can be deployed according to the number of energy storage battery modules and the temperature measurement accuracy requirements. For example, one or more modules can be set to correspond to one or more temperature measurement points. The sampling period can be matched with the thermal inertia time constant of the energy storage battery, which can usually be set to the second level to the minute level to ensure that the first-order difference or slope calculation can reflect the real thermal change trend. The correction coefficient between the initial heat dissipation margin and the temperature rise rate can be configured according to a linear, piecewise linear or exponential relationship to adapt to the thermal response differences under different battery chemical systems and different environmental conditions.

[0092] When the system starts up, the thermal management controller 140 first continuously samples the temperature of the energy storage battery and calculates the temperature rise rate of the energy storage battery based on the temperature difference and time interval between adjacent sampling times. Alternatively, it can use sliding window regression, Kalman filter estimation, or even neural network prediction to obtain a smoother temperature rise trend. Subsequently, the thermal management controller 140 determines the initial heat dissipation margin of the computing device liquid cooling circuit 110 by combining the current ambient temperature and computing load power. The ambient temperature is used to characterize the external heat dissipation conditions, and the computing load power is used to characterize the heat load currently generated by the computing chip. Together, they determine the theoretical heat exchange capacity of the computing device liquid cooling circuit 110 without considering the dynamic changes on the energy storage device side. Furthermore, the thermal management controller 140 corrects the initial heat dissipation margin based on the temperature rise rate of the energy storage battery. When the temperature rise rate is high, it indicates that heat accumulation inside or on the surface of the energy storage battery is accelerating, and the thermal management controller 140 can correspondingly increase the correction value of the heat dissipation margin to reserve more adjustment space for the heat from the computing device side to be transferred to the energy storage device side via the heat exchanger 130. When the temperature rise rate is low or close to zero, the correction magnitude can be reduced to avoid excessive occupation of the heat dissipation capacity of the computing device side. In this way, the thermal management controller 140 can output a final heat dissipation margin that is more in line with the actual thermal state of the energy storage battery, and coordinate the channel switching of the first electronically controlled three-way valve 113 and the second electronically controlled three-way valve 123 and the change of the output power of the cooling tower 114 accordingly, so that the heat exchange relationship between the computing device liquid cooling circuit 110 and the energy storage device temperature control circuit 120 keeps dynamically matched with the heat demand of the energy storage device side.

[0093] By combining the aforementioned method of calculating the heat dissipation margin with the temperature rise rate of the energy storage battery, the heat exchange capacity can be adjusted in advance when the heat load of the energy storage battery changes rapidly. This improves the accuracy and foresight of the heat margin assessment in the context of fluctuating ambient temperature and computing load, reduces insufficient heat exchange or energy waste caused by misjudgment, and thus improves the overall thermal management efficiency.

[0094] Based on the foregoing embodiments, the thermal management controller 140 is further configured to:

[0095] If the temperature of the energy storage battery is less than or equal to the first threshold and greater than or equal to the second threshold, or if the heat dissipation margin is less than the preset margin threshold, a second control command is generated to control the first electrically controlled three-way valve 113 to switch to connect to the cooling tower 114 and to control the second electrically controlled three-way valve 123 to switch to connect to the energy storage liquid cooling unit 124, so that the temperature control circuit 120 of the energy storage device and the liquid cooling circuit 110 of the computing power device can operate independently.

[0096] The second threshold is the lower limit of the suitable temperature range for energy storage batteries, such as 15°C.

[0097] When the energy storage battery temperature is between the second threshold and the first threshold, it indicates that the energy storage battery temperature is in a suitable operating range and there is no need for heat exchange through the heat exchanger 130. The two circuits can operate independently. At this time, the operating mode is the independent operating mode. The heat exchanger does not perform heat exchange. The thermal management controller 140 generates a second control command to control the first electrically controlled three-way valve 113 to switch to connect to the cooling tower 114 and the second electrically controlled three-way valve 123 to switch to connect to the energy storage liquid cooling unit 124.

[0098] In one possible embodiment, the second control command corresponds to an independent operating mode determination result of the system. When the temperature of the energy storage battery is less than or equal to the first threshold and greater than or equal to the second threshold, it indicates that the energy storage battery is in a medium temperature range suitable for maintaining temperature control, and it is not necessary to continue to introduce thermal coupling between the heat exchanger 130 and the computing device liquid cooling circuit 110. However, when the heat dissipation margin is less than the preset margin threshold, it indicates that the current ability of the computing device liquid cooling circuit 110 to absorb additional heat is insufficient. If the heat from the energy storage device side is still forcibly introduced into the computing device side through the heat exchanger 130, it may cause the return liquid temperature of the computing chip cold plate 111 to rise and the heat dissipation link load to increase, thereby affecting the temperature control stability of the computing device. Based on the above, when the thermal management controller 140 detects that any of the above conditions are met, it outputs switching signals to the first electrically controlled three-way valve 113 and the second electrically controlled three-way valve 123 respectively, so that the first electrically controlled three-way valve 113 connects to the cooling tower 114 and disconnects the first fluid channel, and the second electrically controlled three-way valve 123 connects to the energy storage liquid cooling unit 124 and disconnects the second fluid channel, so that the computing power equipment liquid cooling circuit 110 and the energy storage equipment temperature control circuit 120 each form an independent cycle through the corresponding external heat dissipation unit.

[0099] In this embodiment, the second control command can be generated by the mode determination module inside the thermal management controller 140. The mode determination module outputs a logical result based on the collected energy storage battery temperature, heat dissipation margin, and comparison with a preset threshold, and controls the valve core rotation of the two electrically controlled three-way valves through the drive interface. When the first electrically controlled three-way valve 113 is in the position connected to the cooling tower 114, the coolant output from the computing chip cold plate 111 enters the cooling tower 114 coil directly after passing through the first liquid cooling circulation pump 112 to exchange heat with the outside air, and then flows back to the inlet of the computing chip cold plate 111 to maintain normal heat dissipation on the computing device side; when the second electrically controlled three-way valve 123 is in the position connected to the energy storage liquid cooling unit 124, the coolant output from the battery pack liquid cooling plate 121 enters the energy storage liquid cooling unit 124 for cooling or temperature regulation after passing through the second liquid cooling circulation pump 122, and then returns to the inlet of the battery pack liquid cooling plate 121 to maintain the energy storage battery temperature within the set range. At this point, no heat exchange path is established between the two fluid channels and the heat exchanger 130. The two are isolated from each other in the liquid path, thus avoiding ineffective heat transfer under medium temperature conditions.

[0100] In this application, when the energy storage battery temperature is less than or equal to a first threshold and greater than or equal to a second threshold, it can be understood that the energy storage battery has entered a temperature control range where it does not need to absorb additional heat through the heat exchanger 130. The first and second thresholds can be preset based on the battery chemical system, ambient temperature, and allowable operating range, typically corresponding to the temperature range where the energy storage battery does not require significant heating or forced cooling. If the heat dissipation margin is less than the preset margin threshold, it indicates that the liquid cooling circuit 110 of the computing equipment has insufficient margin under the current ambient temperature and load conditions. The heat dissipation margin can be comprehensively estimated by the thermal management controller 140 in conjunction with parameters such as ambient temperature, computing load power, and return liquid temperature difference, and a certain safety margin can be further reserved. When any condition is met, the thermal management controller 140 switches to an independent operation mode, enabling the computing equipment side and the energy storage equipment side to independently complete the heat exchange process relying on the cooling tower 114 and the energy storage liquid cooling unit 124, respectively, without changing the basic structure of their respective circuits. This reduces the additional pressure drop and switching frequency caused by the heat exchanger 130 participating in the operation.

[0101] In one possible embodiment, both the first electrically controlled three-way valve 113 and the second electrically controlled three-way valve 123 can adopt a motor-driven three-way valve structure. A rotatable valve core is installed inside the valve body, and the switching between the two branch ports is achieved by a servo motor or stepper motor. The second control command issued by the thermal management controller 140 can be transmitted to the valve actuator via a PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) signal, a switching signal, or a bus communication signal. The cooling tower 114 may include a metal heat exchange coil, a circulating fan, and a shell structure for exchanging heat between the coolant and the outside air. The energy storage liquid cooling unit 124 may include a compressor, a condenser, an evaporator, and a throttling device to provide independent cooling capacity on the energy storage device side. In this mode, valve switching can be designed with a second-level response to promptly reconfigure the circuit when the energy storage battery temperature or the heat dissipation margin of the computing device liquid cooling circuit 110 exceeds a threshold, avoiding temperature overshoot due to thermal inertia.

[0102] During operation, when the system starts up and enters the temperature control determination stage, the thermal management controller 140 continuously receives the status data of the energy storage battery temperature and heat dissipation margin, and compares them with the corresponding thresholds. Once it is detected that the energy storage battery temperature is between the first threshold and the second threshold, or that the heat dissipation margin available for heat exchange in the computing power equipment liquid cooling circuit 110 is lower than the preset margin threshold, the thermal management controller 140 generates a second control command to switch the first electrically controlled three-way valve 113 to connect to the cooling tower 114, so that the computing power equipment liquid cooling circuit 110 dissipates heat only through the cooling tower 114. At the same time, it switches the second electrically controlled three-way valve 123 to connect to the energy storage liquid cooling unit 124, so that the energy storage equipment temperature control circuit 120 maintains the energy storage battery temperature stability only through the energy storage liquid cooling unit 124.

[0103] Through the aforementioned independent operation mode, the two circuits, namely the computing power equipment liquid cooling circuit 110 and the energy storage equipment temperature control circuit 120, can maintain independent operation when thermal coupling conditions are not available or the coupling benefits are low. This avoids overheating or temperature disturbances caused by the energy storage battery continuing to absorb heat from the computing power equipment side, and also avoids the computing power equipment liquid cooling circuit 110 accumulating temperature rise due to bearing additional load when its heat dissipation capacity is insufficient. As a result, the system can maintain a stable and reliable thermal management state in the medium temperature range and under conditions where heat dissipation capacity is limited.

[0104] Based on the foregoing embodiments, the thermal management controller 140 is further configured to:

[0105] If the temperature of the energy storage battery is less than the second threshold and the return liquid temperature of the computing device is greater than the sum of the temperature of the energy storage battery and the preset heat exchange temperature difference, a third control command is generated to control the first electrically controlled three-way valve 113 to switch to connect to the first fluid channel and the second electrically controlled three-way valve 123 to switch to connect to the second fluid channel. This enables the waste heat of the liquid cooling circuit 110 of the computing device to be transferred to the temperature control circuit 120 of the energy storage device via the heat exchanger 130 to heat the energy storage battery, and controls the cooling tower 114 to operate as needed.

[0106] When the energy storage battery temperature is too low, i.e. below the second threshold such as 15°C, if the return liquid temperature of the computing device is significantly greater than the energy storage battery temperature (i.e., the difference between the return liquid temperature of the computing device and the energy storage battery temperature is greater than the preset heat exchange temperature difference), the energy storage low-temperature heating mode is entered. The heat exchanger 130 is opened, i.e., the first electrically controlled three-way valve 113 is connected to the first fluid channel, and the second electrically controlled three-way valve 123 is connected to the second fluid channel, so that the return liquid of the computing device heats the energy storage battery. At this time, the cooling tower 114 fan can operate at low frequency or on demand. For example, the speed of the cooling tower 114 fan can be adjusted to the lowest speed. The default operating speed of the fan is higher than the lowest speed. Alternatively, the fan speed can be dynamically adjusted according to the coolant temperature of the computing device liquid cooling circuit 110. When the coolant temperature does not exceed the preset upper temperature limit, the fan is kept at a low speed. When the coolant temperature exceeds the preset upper temperature limit, the fan speed is increased to dissipate heat. By reducing the heat dissipation capacity of the cooling tower in the above manner, the loss of residual heat from the liquid cooling circuit 110 of the computing equipment to the environment is reduced, and the residual heat generated by the computing equipment is retained in the circuit as much as possible to provide heat for the energy storage battery.

[0107] In some embodiments, the third control command is also used to activate the electric heating component of the energy storage battery to heat the coolant flowing into the battery pack liquid cooling plate 121.

[0108] In one possible embodiment, the first electrically controlled three-way valve 113 and the second electrically controlled three-way valve 123, in the energy storage low-temperature heating mode, respectively guide the corresponding liquid flow to the corresponding channel of the heat exchanger 130. This allows the heat from the liquid returning from the computing device to enter the first fluid channel, and then be transferred through the isolation heat exchange wall to the cooling liquid in the energy storage device temperature control circuit 120 in the second fluid channel, thereby heating or insulating the battery pack liquid cooling plate 121. The cooling tower 114 does not always operate at full load, but operates on demand according to the residual heat dissipation requirements on the computing device side and the circuit temperature difference. When the heat exchanger 130 has already undertaken part of the heat transfer task, the cooling tower 114 can be in a low-speed, intermittent, or bypass operation state to avoid excessive discharge of recoverable heat to the outside.

[0109] Figure 2 This application provides a heat flow diagram illustrating the use of waste heat from computing power to heat energy storage batteries under low-temperature operating conditions. Figure 2As shown, when the battery temperature of the battery cluster is 12℃ (below the second threshold of 15℃), the coolant return temperature of the computing power equipment liquid cooling circuit 110 is 35℃, and the temperature difference between the computing power equipment return temperature and the energy storage battery temperature is 23℃, which is greater than the preset heat exchange temperature difference of 10℃. The heat exchange path of the plate heat exchanger is connected, and the waste heat generated by the computing power equipment is transferred to the energy storage equipment temperature control circuit 120 through the plate heat exchanger to preheat the energy storage battery using the waste heat from the computing power. At the same time, the cooling tower 114 fan is controlled to operate at low frequency or on demand, maintaining a standby state, while reducing the heat dissipation of the cooling tower to the external environment, reducing the loss of waste heat from the computing power circuit, and supplying as much heat in the circuit as possible to heat the energy storage battery. Under this condition, the energy storage liquid cooling unit is shut down, and the waste heat from the computing power equipment is reused first to heat the energy storage battery, reducing the system temperature control energy consumption. The electric heating component can also be further activated, or activated when the battery temperature is too low. The aforementioned mode is used until the temperature difference between the liquid return temperature of the computing device and the temperature of the energy storage battery is less than the preset heat exchange temperature difference, at which point the temperature of the energy storage battery rises to 22°C.

[0110] The control logic provided in this embodiment can be further refined into a temperature determination and valve position linkage relationship under low-temperature heating mode. Where the energy storage battery temperature is less than the second threshold, it indicates a clear heating demand on the energy storage device side. Conversely, if the liquid return temperature of the computing device is greater than the sum of the energy storage battery temperature and the preset heat exchange temperature difference, it indicates that the liquid return temperature on the computing device side has an effective thermal potential difference sufficient to drive heat transfer across the loop. Under this condition, after the thermal management controller 140 generates a third control command, the first electrically controlled three-way valve 113 switches to connect to the first fluid channel, ensuring that the heat flow in the computing device liquid cooling circuit 110 enters the first side of the heat exchanger 130; the second electrically controlled three-way valve 123 switches to connect to the second fluid channel, forming a closed heat exchange path between the energy storage device temperature control circuit 120 and the second side of the heat exchanger 130. In this way, the heat required for the energy storage battery to heat up can be provided by the liquid return of the computing equipment, avoiding the energy storage liquid cooling unit 124 from bearing the entire heating load alone in the low temperature environment. At the same time, the cooling tower 114 operates as needed to maintain the side loop temperature of the computing equipment within the limit and to compensate for and discharge excess heat, thereby forming a controllable balance between heating, heat dissipation and energy consumption.

[0111] In one possible embodiment, the thermal management controller 140 can acquire the energy storage battery temperature and the liquid return temperature of the computing device through a high-precision NTC (Negative Temperature Coefficient), RTD (Resistance Temperature Detector), or digital temperature sensor.

[0112] During operation, when the system starts up and detects that the temperature of the energy storage battery is lower than the second threshold, the thermal management controller 140 will synchronously read the return liquid temperature of the computing device and compare it with the temperature of the energy storage battery and the preset heat exchange temperature difference. If it is determined that the return liquid of the computing device has a sufficient heat gradient, it will output a third control command to drive the two electronically controlled three-way valves to switch synchronously, so that the return liquid on the computing device side enters the heat exchanger 130 through the first fluid channel, and the return liquid on the energy storage device side couples with the heat exchanger 130 through the second fluid channel. The residual heat in the liquid cooling circuit 110 of the computing device is thus introduced into the temperature control circuit 120 of the energy storage device to continuously provide heat to the liquid cooling plate 121 of the battery pack to achieve preheating or heat preservation. At the same time, the cooling tower 114 operates at low speed, intermittently or in a start-stop manner according to the current return liquid temperature rise and heat load conditions, and only provides auxiliary heat dissipation when there is still heat on the computing device side that exceeds the absorption capacity of the heat exchanger 130.

[0113] The solution provided in this embodiment can fully utilize the waste heat of computing equipment to meet the heating needs of energy storage equipment in low-temperature environments, reduce the activation frequency of energy storage liquid cooling unit 124 or electric heating device, reduce external energy consumption, and enable the waste heat of computing equipment to be transferred and distributed on demand between two independent fluid channels instead of being directly discharged into the environment, thereby improving the energy utilization rate and coordinated regulation capability of the entire thermal management system.

[0114] In one possible implementation, the system further includes an electric heating component, located in the energy storage device temperature control circuit 120, for heating the coolant flowing into the battery pack liquid cooling plate; the thermal management controller 140 is also configured to: if the energy storage battery temperature is less than a second threshold and the computing device return liquid temperature is less than or equal to the sum of the energy storage battery temperature and the preset heat exchange temperature difference, generate a fourth control command to control the first electrically controlled three-way valve 113 to switch to connect to the cooling tower 114, and control the second electrically controlled three-way valve 123 to switch to connect to the energy storage liquid cooling unit 124, so that the energy storage device temperature control circuit 120 and the computing device liquid cooling circuit 110 operate independently, and start the electric heating component to heat the energy storage battery.

[0115] In one possible embodiment, the electric heating component is an auxiliary heating component used to convert electrical energy into heat energy and heat the coolant flowing through it. Its function is to provide directional heating to the coolant before it enters the liquid cooling plate 121 of the battery pack when the energy storage battery is in a low temperature condition and the heat returned by the computing device is insufficient to provide effective heat to the energy storage device side through the heat exchanger 130, so that the energy storage battery pack can be restored to the usable temperature range in a short time.

[0116] The electric heating component is preferably arranged in the pipeline of the temperature control circuit 120 of the energy storage device, usually located downstream of the energy storage liquid cooler 124 and upstream of the battery pack liquid cooling plate 121, so that the coolant after initial temperature adjustment by the energy storage liquid cooler 124 can be reheated before entering the battery pack liquid cooling plate 121; the electric heating component is electrically connected to the heating control output terminal of the thermal management controller 140. The thermal management controller 140 outputs a start signal when the low temperature and insufficient residual heat conditions are met, and can adjust the heating power according to the temperature change of the energy storage battery.

[0117] In one possible embodiment, the electric heating component can be a tubular electric heater, an immersion heating rod, or a PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient) heating module. The tubular electric heater can be installed inside the pipe or on the outside of the pipe wall and fixed by flanges, threads, or clamps. The immersion heating rod can be directly inserted into the heating chamber to exchange heat with the coolant. The PTC heating module can achieve indirect heating by attaching to the outer wall of the flow channel through a heat-conducting base plate. The shell material can be stainless steel or aluminum alloy to improve corrosion resistance and structural strength. The insulation layer can be made of ceramic, mica, or polymer insulation materials to ensure electrical safety and thermal stability. The end seals can be made of high-temperature resistant rubber or fluororubber to adapt to long-term cyclic working environments.

[0118] The size and power of the electric heating components are generally matched with the flow rate of the temperature control loop 120 of the energy storage device and the capacity of the energy storage battery pack. The effective heating section length of the heater can be set from tens of millimeters to hundreds of millimeters depending on the pipe diameter and installation space. The outer diameter can be slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the pipe to ensure fluid passage and heat exchange area. The rated power can be configured in stages according to the energy storage battery capacity, ambient temperature and target heating rate, usually using an adjustable range from tens of watts to thousands of watts to avoid local overheating and improve thermal efficiency. When PTC devices are used, their self-limiting temperature characteristics can further suppress the risk of overheating and ensure the stability of the coolant outlet temperature.

[0119] When the system starts, the thermal management controller 140 continuously collects the temperature of the energy storage battery and the return liquid temperature of the computing device, and compares them with a second threshold and a preset heat exchange temperature difference. If the energy storage battery temperature is lower than the second threshold and the return liquid temperature of the computing device is less than or equal to the sum of the energy storage battery temperature and the preset heat exchange temperature difference, it indicates that the available heat carried by the return liquid on the computing device side is insufficient to provide effective heat replenishment to the energy storage device side through the heat exchanger 130. If the thermal coupling mode continues to be used, it will be difficult to meet the heating requirements of the energy storage battery. Therefore, the thermal management controller 140 outputs a fourth control signal. The control command switches the first electrically controlled three-way valve 113 to connect to the cooling tower 114 and the second electrically controlled three-way valve 123 to connect to the energy storage liquid cooling unit 124, so that the computing equipment liquid cooling circuit 110 and the energy storage equipment temperature control circuit 120 operate independently according to their respective cooling needs. At the same time, the thermal management controller 140 starts the electric heating component to supplement the heat of the coolant flowing into the battery pack liquid cooling plate 121. The supplemented coolant exchanges heat with the battery module in the battery pack liquid cooling plate 121, so that the temperature of the energy storage battery gradually rises and is maintained in the usable temperature range. Since the heat returned to the liquid on the computing device side is no longer the main heat source on the energy storage device side, but is provided by the electric heating component with controlled heat, the problem of slow heating or excessive temperature fluctuation of the energy storage battery under the condition of insufficient residual heat at low temperature can be avoided, and the dependence on the thermal coupling efficiency of the heat exchanger 130 can be reduced, thereby improving the start-up reliability and operation stability of the energy storage system in cold environment. At the same time, after the first electrically controlled three-way valve 113 and the second electrically controlled three-way valve 123 are switched to independent paths, the two circuits operate according to the optimal operating conditions, reducing unnecessary heat crosstalk and energy consumption fluctuations caused by frequent switching of pumps and valves, making the overall thermal management logic clearer.

[0120] By adding an electric heating component, the waste heat from the computing equipment and the electric heating component can be used together to provide heat for the energy storage battery under low-temperature conditions. When the waste heat from the computing equipment is sufficient, the waste heat from the computing equipment is used first to heat the energy storage battery, and the output of the electric heating component is reduced or turned off to reduce the power consumption of electric heating. When the waste heat from the computing equipment is insufficient and cannot meet the temperature rise requirements of the energy storage battery, the output power of the electric heating component is activated or increased, and the waste heat from the computing equipment and the electric heating component work together to heat the energy storage battery, ensuring that the temperature of the energy storage battery rises to a suitable operating range.

[0121] Based on the foregoing embodiments, the thermal management controller 140 is further configured to: determine a preset heat exchange temperature difference threshold based on the state of charge of the energy storage battery.

[0122] The preset heat exchange temperature difference threshold is a benchmark used to characterize whether the heat exchange conditions between the temperature control loop 120 of the energy storage device and the liquid cooling loop 110 of the computing device are met. The internal resistance, thermal stability, and safety tolerance of the energy storage battery are all related to its state of charge (SOC). Under high SOC conditions, the risk of battery thermal runaway is higher, and it is more sensitive to temperature disturbances and external heat shocks. Under low SOC conditions, the battery internal resistance is relatively larger, and the charging and discharging heating characteristics also change. If a fixed heat exchange temperature difference threshold is used throughout, there will be insufficient adaptability. When the SOC is high, the preset heat exchange temperature difference threshold can be appropriately increased to raise the threshold for starting heat exchange, preventing the heat exchanger from starting at a small temperature difference between the two loops, and preventing a large amount of heat from the IT side (i.e., the computing side loop) from being transferred to the energy storage side, causing the energy storage battery temperature to rise rapidly, thus reducing the high-temperature safety risk. When the SOC is low, the preset heat exchange temperature difference threshold can be appropriately decreased to allow heat exchange to start under smaller temperature difference conditions, making full use of the waste heat of the computing device to preheat the energy storage battery and improve energy-saving benefits. Therefore, the heat exchange temperature difference threshold is dynamically adjusted according to the SOC, taking into account both battery safety life and system energy saving effect.

[0123] By incorporating the SOC (State of Charge) parameter of the energy storage battery into the heat exchange threshold setting, the preset heat exchange temperature difference threshold can adaptively change with the remaining charge state of the energy storage battery. This allows for differentiated control of the heat exchange triggering conditions under different charge states, thus balancing the safety, usable capacity, and thermal management efficiency of the energy storage battery.

[0124] The preset heat exchange temperature difference threshold is usually generated by the threshold generation module inside the thermal management controller 140. The threshold generation module can be electrically connected to the energy storage battery management system (BMS), the state of charge estimation unit, or the communication interface. The SOC value output by the BMS, the SOC value obtained by coulomb measurement, the SOC value estimated based on open circuit voltage, or the SOC value obtained by integrating current, voltage, and temperature information can all be used as input parameters. The thermal management controller 140 outputs the corresponding preset heat exchange temperature difference threshold according to the SOC value and the preset mapping relationship, and provides the preset heat exchange temperature difference threshold to the subsequent temperature difference comparison logic to determine whether the temperature conditions of the energy storage battery, the temperature conditions of the energy storage return liquid, and the temperature conditions of the computing equipment return liquid meet the control requirements of heat exchange, independent operation, or heating operation.

[0125] In one possible embodiment, the thermal management controller 140 can be implemented using an industrial computer, a microcontroller, an edge computing module, or an embedded controller. The threshold generation logic runs within it as a software algorithm module, and the SOC data can be updated in real time via a wired bus, CAN (Controller Area Network) bus, Ethernet, or other industrial communication interfaces. For example, the preset heat exchange temperature difference threshold can have a linear, piecewise linear, or curvilinear mapping relationship with the SOC. When the SOC is high, to avoid the energy storage battery being in an unnecessary heat exchange state for a long time, the preset heat exchange temperature difference threshold can be set relatively high, allowing heat exchange only when the temperature difference between the two sides reaches a more significant level. When the SOC is low, to ensure the operating temperature and range availability of the energy storage battery, the preset heat exchange temperature difference threshold can be set relatively low to trigger heat exchange or heating coordination earlier. Correspondingly, the SOC range can be divided into multiple levels in percentage increments, such as a low SOC zone, a medium SOC zone, and a high SOC zone. The preset heat exchange temperature difference threshold is set to decrease or increase with each level, and its variation range can be configured in conjunction with the energy storage battery's safety margin, allowable charge / discharge rate, and ambient temperature conditions. In terms of size and proportion, the preset heat exchange temperature difference threshold as a control parameter does not have a fixed physical size, but it can be calibrated in degrees Celsius. Typically, it can be set to different levels in the range of 0.5℃ to 10℃, or with a minimum adjustment step of 0.1℃. In some implementations, the preset heat exchange temperature difference threshold can be adjusted by 0.2℃ to 2℃ for every 5% to 10% change in SOC, so as to form a graded control strategy that is easy to deploy in engineering.

[0126] When the system starts, the thermal management controller 140 first obtains the current State of Charge (SOC) from the energy storage battery management system or the corresponding acquisition module, and inputs the SOC into the preset threshold generation logic. Based on the current remaining power, energy storage operating conditions, and preset safety boundaries, it calculates the corresponding preset heat exchange temperature difference threshold. Subsequently, this preset heat exchange temperature difference threshold is used in the subsequent temperature difference comparison and mode determination process, participating in the control decision along with the energy storage battery temperature, energy storage return liquid temperature, and computing equipment return liquid temperature. This allows the system to dynamically adjust the heat exchange triggering conditions according to the energy storage battery's power reserve. Since the focus of energy storage battery thermal management differs when the SOC is high or low, the thermal management controller 140 adapts the heat exchange triggering threshold accordingly. This avoids premature heat exchange, insufficient heat exchange, or unnecessary independent operation caused by a uniform threshold, thus making the heat distribution between the computing equipment liquid cooling circuit 110 and the energy storage equipment temperature control circuit 120 more in line with actual operating conditions, reducing the additional heating or cooling requirements on the energy storage side, and improving the thermal energy utilization efficiency when the two circuits operate in tandem. Based on the above analysis, it can be seen that this scheme can match the heat exchange control with the actual state of charge of the energy storage battery, thereby improving the temperature control accuracy and optimizing the system energy consumption.

[0127] In addition to the aforementioned control of the first electrically controlled three-way valve 113, the second electrically controlled three-way valve 123, the cooling tower 114 fan, and the electric heating components, the thermal management controller 140 is also used to control at least one of the following: the opening degree of the first electrically controlled three-way valve 113 and the second electrically controlled three-way valve 123, the rotational speed of the first liquid cooling circulation pump 112 and the second liquid cooling circulation pump 122, and the output power of the energy storage liquid cooling unit 124.

[0128] Furthermore, the thermal management controller 140 is also used to: solve for minimizing total heat dissipation power consumption as the optimization objective under the premise of meeting heat dissipation requirements, and generate control commands based on the solution results to control at least one of the following: the opening degree of the first electrically controlled three-way valve 113 and the second electrically controlled three-way valve 123, the rotation speed of the first liquid cooling circulation pump 112 and the second liquid cooling circulation pump 122, and the output power of the energy storage liquid cooling unit 124.

[0129] The total heat dissipation power consumption includes the power of the first liquid-cooled circulating pump 112, the power of the cooling tower fan, and the power of the energy storage side temperature control. The energy storage side temperature control power is the sum of all temperature control energy consumption in the temperature control loop of the energy storage equipment, including the operating power of the energy storage liquid-cooled unit 124, the power of the second liquid-cooled circulating pump 122, and the heating power of the electric heating components under low-temperature conditions.

[0130] The first electrically controlled three-way valve 113 and the second electrically controlled three-way valve 123 can both be proportional three-way diverter valves. Their opening degree is used to adjust the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the corresponding channel, thereby adjusting the coolant flow rate.

[0131] The opening degree of the first electrically controlled three-way valve 113 and the second electrically controlled three-way valve 123 is related to the speed of the circulating pump. Under the premise of maintaining a constant total flow rate, the smaller the opening degree, the higher the speed of the circulating pump and the higher the output power.

[0132] When calculating the total heat dissipation power consumption, the control signals or operating modes generated by the aforementioned control logic, as well as the collected data, including various temperatures and computing load power, can be combined.

[0133] By introducing the optimization objective of minimizing total heat dissipation energy consumption, the circulating pump speed, three-way valve opening, energy storage liquid chiller output power, and cooling tower fan speed are controlled in a coordinated manner. While ensuring the temperature control requirements of the equipment, the overall power consumption of the system is further reduced.

[0134] Based on the foregoing embodiments, the system further includes a first flow detection component and a second flow detection component, wherein the first flow detection component is disposed on the liquid cooling circuit 110 of the computing device, and the second flow detection component is disposed on the temperature control circuit 120 of the energy storage device; the thermal management controller 140 is also used for:

[0135] When the first electrically controlled three-way valve 113 and the second electrically controlled three-way valve 123 are both switched to the corresponding fluid channels connected to the heat exchanger 130, a speed adjustment command is generated based on the flow difference between the coolant flow rate collected by the first flow detection component and the second flow detection component, so as to adjust the speed of the first liquid cooling circulation pump 112 and / or the second liquid cooling circulation pump 122.

[0136] In one possible embodiment, both the first and second flow detection components are detection devices used to detect the volumetric flow rate or mass flow rate of the coolant in the pipeline. The flow detection components can send real-time flow signals to the thermal management controller 140, so that the thermal management controller 140 can determine the flow matching status between the computing device liquid cooling circuit 110 and the energy storage device temperature control circuit 120 after both electrically controlled three-way valves are switched to the corresponding fluid channels connected to the heat exchanger 130. The thermal management controller 140 forms a closed-loop speed regulation based on the flow difference between the two channels, thereby keeping the coolant flow rate entering the heat exchanger 130 within a preset balance range or distributing it according to a target ratio, thereby improving the stability of heat exchange within the heat exchanger 130 and reducing pump power loss caused by excessive flow margin of the liquid cooling circulating pump.

[0137] The first flow detection component is connected in series to the main pipe of the liquid cooling circuit 110 of the computing device, the branch of the heat exchanger 130, or the outlet side of the first liquid cooling circulation pump 112. The second flow detection component is connected in series to the main pipe of the temperature control circuit 120 of the energy storage device, the branch of the heat exchanger 130, or the outlet side of the second liquid cooling circulation pump 122. Both are connected to the thermal management controller 140 through wired signal or bus communication. The thermal management controller 140 calculates the flow difference based on the flow values ​​output by the two components and sends a speed adjustment command to the corresponding liquid cooling circulation pump.

[0138] In one possible embodiment, the first flow detection component and the second flow detection component can be implemented using a turbine flow meter, an electromagnetic flow meter, an ultrasonic flow meter, or a differential pressure flow sensor, respectively. The turbine flow meter can be composed of a metal impeller, a detection chamber, and a signal acquisition module. The electromagnetic flow meter can be composed of a lined pipe section, an electrode assembly, and an excitation coil. The ultrasonic flow meter can be composed of an external clamp-on transducer and a signal processing unit. The differential pressure flow sensor can be composed of a throttling element, a pressure tap, and a differential pressure transmitter. The sensor housing can be made of stainless steel, engineering plastic, or copper alloy to adapt to the coolant medium and pipeline environment.

[0139] In one possible embodiment, the nominal diameter of the first flow detection component and the second flow detection component can match or be slightly smaller than the pipe diameter of the installed pipeline. The measurement range can cover a wide range of the rated flow of the loop. Preferably, the flow rate under normal operating conditions is in the middle of the range to improve the detection accuracy. When the heat exchange capacity of the two loops or the head of the liquid-cooled circulating pump are not synchronized, the target ratio of the first flow rate to the second flow rate can be set according to the heat exchange area of ​​the heat exchanger 130, the system heat load, and the efficiency curve of the liquid-cooled circulating pump. The threshold window of the flow difference can be dynamically corrected according to the changes in operating conditions.

[0140] In one possible embodiment, when the system starts up and enters the heat exchange operation mode, the thermal management controller 140 first receives the flow signals output by the first flow detection component and the second flow detection component. After both the first electrically controlled three-way valve 113 and the second electrically controlled three-way valve 123 are switched to the corresponding fluid channels connecting the heat exchanger 130, the actual flow rates of the two coolants in the corresponding branches are synchronously sampled and compared, and then the flow difference is calculated. If the flow difference exceeds the preset matching range, the thermal management controller 140 generates a speed adjustment command to implement speed increase or decrease control on the first liquid-cooled circulation pump 112 and / or the second liquid-cooled circulation pump 122, so that the flow rates entering the heat exchanger 130 from both loops gradually converge to the set value. Since adjusting the speed of the liquid-cooled circulating pump directly alters the loop flow rate, the fluid residence time in the heat exchanger 130, and the heat transfer coefficients on both sides, increasing the speed of the liquid-cooled circulating pump on the side with a lower flow rate enhances the circulation driving force on that side and improves the heat transfer capacity of the heat exchanger 130. Conversely, decreasing the speed of the liquid-cooled circulating pump on the side with a higher flow rate avoids ineffective overflow and additional pressure drop, thereby maintaining a more stable flow ratio on both sides under dynamically changing heat load conditions. Based on the above analysis, this scheme can achieve flow matching under heat exchange conditions through dual-loop flow detection and closed-loop speed regulation based on flow difference. This ensures higher heat exchange efficiency when heat is transferred between the liquid-cooled loop 110 of the computing device and the temperature control loop 120 of the energy storage device, reduces energy consumption caused by the liquid-cooled circulating pump operating under suboptimal conditions for extended periods, and minimizes heat exchange fluctuations caused by flow imbalance.

[0141] Figure 3 A flowchart illustrating a thermal management method provided in this application is shown below. Figure 3 As shown, the method includes:

[0142] S301, monitor ambient temperature, energy storage battery temperature, energy storage return liquid temperature, computing power equipment return liquid temperature, and computing power load power;

[0143] S302. Based on the comparison results of each of the ambient temperature, energy storage battery temperature, energy storage return liquid temperature, computing power equipment return liquid temperature and computing power load power with at least one corresponding threshold, drive the first electrically controlled three-way valve and the second electrically controlled three-way valve to switch channels.

[0144] Optionally, based on the comparison results of each of the following parameters—ambient temperature, energy storage battery temperature, energy storage return liquid temperature, computing power equipment return liquid temperature, and computing power load power—with at least one corresponding threshold, the first electrically controlled three-way valve and the second electrically controlled three-way valve are driven to switch channels, including:

[0145] If the temperature of the energy storage battery is greater than the first threshold, and the temperature of the energy storage return liquid is greater than the sum of the temperature of the computing power equipment return liquid and the preset heat exchange temperature difference threshold, then the heat dissipation margin of the computing power equipment liquid cooling circuit is determined based on the ambient temperature and the computing power load power. When the heat dissipation margin is greater than or equal to the preset margin threshold, the first electrically controlled three-way valve is switched to connect to the first fluid channel, and the second electrically controlled three-way valve is switched to connect to the second fluid channel, so as to realize that the heat of the energy storage equipment temperature control circuit is transferred to the computing power equipment liquid cooling circuit through the heat exchanger, and the output power of the cooling tower fan is increased.

[0146] Optionally, the heat dissipation margin of the liquid cooling circuit of the computing equipment is determined based on the ambient temperature and computing load power, including: collecting the temperature rise rate of the energy storage battery; determining the initial heat dissipation margin of the liquid cooling circuit of the computing equipment based on the ambient temperature and computing load power; and correcting the initial heat dissipation margin based on the temperature rise rate to obtain the heat dissipation margin of the liquid cooling circuit of the computing equipment.

[0147] Optionally, the method further includes: if the temperature of the energy storage battery is less than or equal to a first threshold and greater than or equal to a second threshold, or if the heat dissipation margin is less than a preset margin threshold, then controlling the first electrically controlled three-way valve to switch to connecting to the cooling tower, and controlling the second electrically controlled three-way valve to switch to connecting to the energy storage liquid cooling unit, so that the temperature control circuit of the energy storage device and the liquid cooling circuit of the computing power device operate independently.

[0148] Optionally, the method further includes: if the temperature of the energy storage battery is less than the second threshold and the return liquid temperature of the computing device is greater than the sum of the temperature of the energy storage battery and the preset heat exchange temperature difference, then control the first electrically controlled three-way valve to switch to connect to the first fluid channel and control the second electrically controlled three-way valve to switch to connect to the second fluid channel, so as to realize that the waste heat of the liquid cooling circuit of the computing device is transferred to the temperature control circuit of the energy storage device through the heat exchanger to heat the energy storage battery, and control the cooling tower to operate as needed.

[0149] Optionally, the method further includes: if the temperature of the energy storage battery is less than the second threshold, and the liquid return temperature of the computing device is less than or equal to the sum of the temperature of the energy storage battery and the preset heat exchange temperature difference, then controlling the first electrically controlled three-way valve to switch to connect to the cooling tower, and controlling the second electrically controlled three-way valve to switch to connect to the energy storage liquid cooling unit, so that the temperature control circuit of the energy storage device and the liquid cooling circuit of the computing device operate independently, and starting the electric heating component to heat the energy storage battery.

[0150] Optionally, the method further includes: determining a preset heat exchange temperature difference threshold based on the state of charge of the energy storage battery.

[0151] Optionally, the method further includes: when both the first electrically controlled three-way valve and the second electrically controlled three-way valve are switched to the corresponding fluid channel connected to the heat exchanger, adjusting the speed of the first liquid cooling circulation pump and / or the second liquid cooling circulation pump according to the flow difference between the coolant flow rate collected by the first flow detection component and the second flow detection component.

[0152] Figure 4 This is a schematic flowchart of another thermal management method provided in this application. In this embodiment... Figure 2 Based on the embodiments, the thermal management method is described in detail, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the method includes:

[0153] S401. Collect operating parameters, including ambient temperature Tamb, energy storage battery temperature Tbat, energy storage return liquid temperature TST_ret, computing power equipment return liquid temperature TIT_ret, and computing power load power Pload.

[0154] S402. Determine whether the energy storage battery temperature Tbat is less than the second threshold, such as 15℃; if not, proceed to step S403; if yes, proceed to step S407.

[0155] S403. Determine whether the energy storage battery temperature Tbat is less than or equal to the first threshold, such as 35°C; if not, proceed to step S404; if yes, proceed to step S406.

[0156] S404. Determine whether the energy storage return liquid temperature TST_ret is greater than the sum of the computing power device return liquid temperature TIT_ret and the preset heat exchange temperature difference threshold ΔTmin; if yes, proceed to step S405; if no, proceed to step S406.

[0157] S405. Enter the collaborative auxiliary heat dissipation mode, turn on the plate heat exchanger, and turn off the electric heating component; turning on the plate heat exchanger means switching the three-way valve to connect with the fluid passage of the heat exchanger.

[0158] S406. Enter independent operation mode and shut down the plate heat exchanger; turning on the plate heat exchanger means switching the three-way valve to connect with the cooling tower or energy storage liquid cooling unit, thereby disconnecting the heat exchanger's path and allowing the two loops to operate independently.

[0159] S407. Determine whether the liquid return temperature TIT_ret of the computing power device is greater than the sum of the energy storage battery temperature Tbat and the preset heat exchange temperature difference threshold ΔTmin; if yes, proceed to step S408; if no, proceed to step S409.

[0160] S408, Enter the energy storage low-temperature heating mode, turn on the plate heat exchanger, turn off the electric heating components, and control the cooling tower to enter the low-frequency mode or operate as needed;

[0161] S409. Turn on the electric heating assembly; at this time, each circuit can run in sequence or the plate heat exchanger can be turned on.

[0162] S410 generates control commands with the goal of minimizing total heat dissipation and power consumption, in order to adjust the opening of the three-way valve, the speed of the circulating pump, the speed of the cooling tower fan, and the output power of the energy storage liquid chiller.

[0163] The aforementioned control logic can be executed periodically to continuously monitor various system indicators and generate control commands for each cycle, thereby achieving dynamic and coordinated regulation of various system components.

[0164] This application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described fault diagnosis method for an energy storage system.

[0165] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the aforementioned fault diagnosis method for the energy storage system.

[0166] The aforementioned readable storage medium can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as static random access memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic storage, flash memory, magnetic disk, or optical disk. The readable storage medium can be any available medium accessible to a general-purpose or special-purpose computer.

[0167] An exemplary readable storage medium is coupled to a processor, enabling the processor to read information from and write information to the readable storage medium. Of course, the readable storage medium can also be a component of the processor. The processor and the readable storage medium can reside in an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC). Alternatively, the processor and the readable storage medium can exist as discrete components in the device.

[0168] The division of units is merely a logical functional division; in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices, or units, and may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0169] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0170] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0171] If a function is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of the various embodiments of this invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0172] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps of the above-described method embodiments can be implemented by hardware related to program instructions. The aforementioned program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When executed, the program performs the steps of the above-described method embodiments; and the aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as ROM, RAM, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0173] Finally, it should be noted that other embodiments of the invention will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This invention is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention that follow the general principles of the invention and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein, and is not limited to the precise structures described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope.

Claims

1. A thermal management system for an energy storage system, characterized in that, comprises: a liquid cooling loop for computing power equipment, a temperature control loop for energy storage equipment, a heat exchanger, and a thermal management controller; the heat exchanger is provided with a first fluid passage and a second fluid passage that are isolated from each other; the liquid cooling loop for computing power equipment comprises a computing power chip cold plate, a first liquid cooling circulation pump, a first electronically controlled three-way valve and a cooling tower; the computing power chip cold plate is attached and arranged on a computing power chip inside the computing power equipment; an outlet of the computing power chip cold plate is in communication with an inlet of the first liquid cooling circulation pump, and an outlet of the first liquid cooling circulation pump is in communication with an inlet of the first electronically controlled three-way valve; two split outlets of the first electronically controlled three-way valve are respectively communicated with a coil inlet of the cooling tower and an inlet of the first fluid passage; both the cooling tower and an outlet of the first fluid passage return to the inlet of the computing power chip cold plate; the temperature control loop for energy storage equipment comprises a battery pack liquid cooling plate, a second liquid cooling circulation pump, a second electronically controlled three-way valve and an energy storage liquid cooling unit; the energy storage liquid cooling unit is a refrigeration device supporting an energy storage battery; an outlet of the battery pack liquid cooling plate is in communication with an inlet of the second liquid cooling circulation pump, and an outlet of the second liquid cooling circulation pump is in communication with an inlet of the second electronically controlled three-way valve; two split outlets of the second electronically controlled three-way valve are respectively communicated with an inlet of the energy storage liquid cooling unit and an inlet of the second fluid passage; both the energy storage liquid cooling unit and an outlet of the second fluid passage return to the inlet of the battery pack liquid cooling plate; the thermal management controller is configured to: monitor ambient temperature, energy storage battery temperature, energy storage return liquid temperature, computing power equipment return liquid temperature and computing power load power; and generate a control instruction based on comparison results of each of the ambient temperature, the energy storage battery temperature, the energy storage return liquid temperature, the computing power equipment return liquid temperature and the computing power load power with at least one corresponding threshold value, so as to drive the first electronically controlled three-way valve and the second electronically controlled three-way valve to perform passage switching; wherein, when generating the control instruction, the thermal management controller is specifically configured to: if the energy storage battery temperature is greater than a first threshold value, and the energy storage return liquid temperature is greater than a sum of the computing power equipment return liquid temperature and a preset heat exchange temperature difference threshold value, determine a heat dissipation margin of the liquid cooling loop for computing power equipment based on the ambient temperature and the computing power load power; when the heat dissipation margin is greater than or equal to a preset margin threshold value, generate a first control instruction, so as to control the first electronically controlled three-way valve to switch to communicate with the first fluid passage, control the second electronically controlled three-way valve to switch to communicate with the second fluid passage, so that heat of the temperature control loop for energy storage equipment is transferred to the liquid cooling loop for computing power equipment via the heat exchanger, and increase the output power of a fan of the cooling tower.

2. The thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat exchanger is a plate heat exchanger.

3. The thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, When determining the heat dissipation margin of the liquid cooling loop for computing power equipment, the thermal management controller is specifically configured to: collect the temperature rise rate of the energy storage battery; determine an initial heat dissipation margin of the liquid cooling loop for computing power equipment based on the ambient temperature and the computing power load power; correct the initial heat dissipation margin based on the temperature rise rate, to obtain the heat dissipation margin of the liquid cooling loop for computing power equipment.

4. The thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thermal management controller is further configured to: If the temperature of the energy storage battery is less than or equal to the first threshold and greater than or equal to the second threshold, or if the heat dissipation margin is less than the preset margin threshold, then a second control command is generated to control the first electrically controlled three-way valve to switch to connect to the cooling tower, and to control the second electrically controlled three-way valve to switch to connect to the energy storage liquid cooling unit, so that the temperature control circuit of the energy storage device and the liquid cooling circuit of the computing power device can operate independently.

5. The thermal management system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The thermal management controller is also used for: If the temperature of the energy storage battery is less than the second threshold, and the return liquid temperature of the computing device is greater than the sum of the temperature of the energy storage battery and the preset heat exchange temperature difference, a third control command is generated to control the first electrically controlled three-way valve to switch to connect to the first fluid channel and to control the second electrically controlled three-way valve to switch to connect to the second fluid channel, so that the waste heat of the liquid cooling circuit of the computing device is transferred to the temperature control circuit of the energy storage device via the heat exchanger to heat the energy storage battery, and to control the cooling tower to operate as needed.

6. The thermal management system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The system also includes an electric heating component, which is installed in the temperature control circuit of the energy storage device, for heating the coolant flowing into the liquid cooling plate of the battery pack; The thermal management controller is also used for: If the temperature of the energy storage battery is less than the second threshold, and the return liquid temperature of the computing device is less than or equal to the sum of the temperature of the energy storage battery and the preset heat exchange temperature difference, a fourth control command is generated to control the first electrically controlled three-way valve to switch to connect to the cooling tower, and to control the second electrically controlled three-way valve to switch to connect to the energy storage liquid cooling unit, so that the temperature control circuit of the energy storage device and the liquid cooling circuit of the computing device operate independently, and the electric heating component is started to heat the energy storage battery.

7. The system according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The thermal management controller is also used for: The preset heat exchange temperature difference threshold is determined based on the state of charge of the energy storage battery.

8. The system according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, A first flow detection component is installed on the liquid cooling circuit of the computing power device, and a second flow detection component is installed on the temperature control circuit of the energy storage device; The thermal management controller is also used for: When both the first and second electrically controlled three-way valves are switched to the corresponding fluid channels connecting the heat exchanger, a speed adjustment command is generated based on the flow difference between the coolant flow rate collected by the first and second flow detection components to adjust the speed of the first liquid-cooled circulating pump and / or the second liquid-cooled circulating pump.

9. A thermal management method, characterized in that, Applied to the thermal management system according to any one of claims 1-8, the method comprises: Monitor ambient temperature, energy storage battery temperature, energy storage return liquid temperature, computing power equipment return liquid temperature, and computing power load power; Based on the comparison results of each of the ambient temperature, energy storage battery temperature, energy storage return liquid temperature, computing power equipment return liquid temperature and computing power load power with at least one corresponding threshold, the first electrically controlled three-way valve and the second electrically controlled three-way valve are driven to switch channels. The step of driving the first and second electrically controlled three-way valves to switch channels based on the comparison results of each of the ambient temperature, energy storage battery temperature, energy storage return liquid temperature, computing power equipment return liquid temperature, and computing power load power with at least one corresponding threshold includes: If the temperature of the energy storage battery is greater than the first threshold, and the temperature of the energy storage return liquid is greater than the sum of the temperature of the computing power device return liquid and the preset heat exchange temperature difference threshold, then the heat dissipation margin of the liquid cooling circuit of the computing power device is determined based on the ambient temperature and the computing power load power. When the heat dissipation margin is greater than or equal to a preset margin threshold, the first electrically controlled three-way valve is switched to connect to the first fluid channel, and the second electrically controlled three-way valve is switched to connect to the second fluid channel, so as to realize the heat of the temperature control circuit of the energy storage device is transferred to the liquid cooling circuit of the computing device through the heat exchanger, and the output power of the cooling tower fan is increased.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The method of driving the first and second electrically controlled three-way valves to switch channels based on the comparison results of each of the ambient temperature, energy storage battery temperature, energy storage return liquid temperature, computing power equipment return liquid temperature, and computing power load power with at least one corresponding threshold also includes: If the temperature of the energy storage battery is less than or equal to the first threshold and greater than or equal to the second threshold, or if the heat dissipation margin is less than the preset margin threshold, then the first electrically controlled three-way valve is switched to connect to the cooling tower, and the second electrically controlled three-way valve is switched to connect to the energy storage liquid cooling unit, so that the temperature control circuit of the energy storage device and the liquid cooling circuit of the computing power device can operate independently.

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