Spectrum-selective photovoltaic display integrated device and display screen structure thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of display integrated device, especially to a spectrum selection type photovoltaic display integrated device and a display screen structure thereof. Red light transmission type, green light transmission type and blue light transmission type photovoltaic units are obtained by adjusting the thickness of the multilayer dielectric film, and the RGB dot array is formed by using the patterning process, which can be integrated with the display module sub-pixel alignment. The present application can not only effectively match the display spectrum to improve the color gamut, reduce the color difference and reduce the display light crosstalk, but also can absorb the non-target transmission band in the ambient light for photoelectric conversion, giving the display screen the functions of low-power consumption maintenance, auxiliary charging and energy recovery. At the same time, the structure can reduce the reflection of ambient light, thereby improving the display contrast and visibility of the equipment in complex scenes such as outdoor natural strong light, and taking into account efficient display and high energy generation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of display integrated device technology, and in particular to a spectrally selective photovoltaic display integrated device and its display screen structure. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of display terminals, automotive displays, wearable electronic devices, and integrated smart window displays, the demand for display devices to have low power consumption, high visibility, and multi-functional integration is constantly increasing. Existing displays typically only have display functions and are difficult to recover energy using ambient light; at the same time, under strong ambient light conditions such as natural light, the screen is prone to strong reflections and stray light, resulting in decreased contrast, color distortion, and poor visibility.

[0003] Semi-transparent photovoltaic devices possess advantages such as adjustable bandgap, lightweight flexibility, low-temperature fabrication, and optical compatibility with display devices, making them ideal candidate technologies for display integration and building-integrated displays. However, existing semi-transparent photovoltaic devices typically require a trade-off between power generation efficiency and transparent display effects. Furthermore, in color display integration, they generally suffer from problems such as large transmission spectral bandwidth, insufficient color purity, and high reflectivity under strong light, making it difficult to meet the requirements for high color gamut and low color difference displays, thus limiting their practical application in the field of display integration. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the difficulty in simultaneously achieving high-efficiency power generation, narrow-band high-purity light transmission display, low reflection, and high visibility under strong light conditions in the existing semi-transparent photovoltaic devices. Thus, a selectively light-transmitting photovoltaic display integrated device is provided. This structure sets up spectrally selective electrodes so that the semi-transparent photovoltaic device can form red light-transmitting units, green light-transmitting units, and blue light-transmitting units respectively. These units can be arranged in the light output path of the display module by pixelation, dot matrix, or sub-pixel array. While realizing ambient light absorption and power generation, a display structure with high color gamut, low color difference, and high ambient light visibility is constructed.

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a spectrally selective photovoltaic display integrated device, comprising a substrate, a first transparent electrode, a first charge transport layer, a photoactive layer, a second charge transport layer, and a spectrally selective electrode arranged sequentially. The spectrally selective electrode comprises a first transparent conductive layer, a first dielectric matching layer, a refractive medium layer, and an antireflection layer arranged sequentially. The first transparent conductive layer is disposed between the second charge transport layer and the first dielectric matching layer. The refractive medium layer may be one or more layers, including a low refractive index medium layer and a high refractive index medium layer.

[0006] The spectrally selective electrode works in conjunction with the first transparent electrode to enable the spectrally selective photovoltaic display integrated device to form a predetermined narrow-band transmission window in the visible light band, and to enhance reflection and suppress transmission in the non-transmission band, so that more light in the non-transmission band is coupled into the photoactive layer and absorbed for power generation.

[0007] Preferably, the spectrally selective photovoltaic display integrated device is disposed in the light-emitting side of the display panel, between the cover plate and the display panel, between the display panel and the touch layer, between the polarizer and the display layer, above the display back panel, or below the display screen in the light transmission path.

[0008] Furthermore, the spectrally selective photovoltaic display integrated device employs pixel-level patterning, sub-pixel-level patterning, or micron-level dot matrix patterning design, enabling the power generation unit and the display light-transmitting area to work collaboratively. This structure absorbs incident light in non-target transmission bands for power generation under ambient light conditions, while allowing the target display bands to pass through, thus providing functions such as auxiliary charging, display brightness enhancement, suppression of specular reflection, and improved outdoor visibility.

[0009] The substrate is a transparent rigid material or a flexible material.

[0010] Furthermore, the rigid material is glass, and the flexible material is polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) with a molecular weight (Mw) of 20,000-100,000 g / mol, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) with a Mw of 20,000-50,000 g / mol, polycarbonate (PC) with a Mw of 30,000-50,000 g / mol, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) with a Mw of 100,000-350,000 g / mol, or polyimide (PI) with a Mw of 20,000-80,000 g / mol. The thickness of the substrate is 100 μm-4 mm.

[0011] Specifically, the thickness of the substrate is 500 μm-2 mm.

[0012] Preferably, the material of the first transparent electrode is silver nanowires (AgNWs), high-conductivity PEDOT:PSS (purchased from Heraeus, CLEVIOS PH1000), indium tin oxide (ITO), fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO), aluminum (Al), silver (Ag), or gold (Au). Its thickness is 20-300 nm, preferably 50-200 nm.

[0013] Preferably, the first charge transport layer is an electron transport layer and the second charge transport layer is a hole transport layer, or the first charge transport layer is a hole transport layer and the second charge transport layer is an electron transport layer.

[0014] Furthermore, the electron transport layer is made of zinc oxide, tin oxide, titanium dioxide, PDINN (amino-modified perylene diimide, CAS number 1020180-01-1, molecular weight 670-680 g / mol) or PFN-Br (brominated polyfluorene conjugated polyelectrolyte, CAS number 889672-99-5, weight-average molecular weight Mw 30,000-50,000 g / mol), and the hole transport layer is made of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-polystyrene sulfonic acid (PEDOT:PSS, purchased from Heraeus, CLEVIOS P VPAI4083), molybdenum oxide, vanadium oxide, tungsten oxide, or nickel oxide.

[0015] Furthermore, the thickness of the first charge transport layer is 3-100 nm, and the thickness of the second charge transport layer is 3-100 nm.

[0016] Specifically, the first charge transport layer and the second charge transport layer are 5-50 nm in size.

[0017] Preferably, the photoactive layer is an organic absorber layer, a perovskite absorber layer, a quantum dot absorber layer, or a crystalline silicon absorber layer (Jinko Solar Co., Ltd., 78HL4-BDV); the organic absorber layer is made of PM6 (fluorobenzodithiophene conjugated polymer, CAS No. 1802013-83-7), D18 (wide bandgap polymer donor, CAS No. 2433725-54-1), Y6 (fluoroBTP series acceptor, CAS No. 2304444-49-1), L8-BO (branched alkyl modified Y6 derivative, CAS No. 2668341-40-8), or N3 (BTP-eC9, CAS No. 2598965-39-8); the perovskite absorber layer is made of MAPbI3 perovskite, FAPbI3 perovskite, or CsPbI3 perovskite; and the quantum dot absorber layer is made of lead sulfide quantum dot. Lead selenide quantum dots (Jiangsu Xianfeng Nanomaterials Technology Co., Ltd., QPbS-850-abs, QPbS-950-abs, QPbS-1050-abs, etc.), lead selenide quantum dots (Beijing Bio-Tech Biotechnology Co., Ltd., BPbSe-1500, BPbSe-1600, BPbSe-1700, BPbSe-1800, BPbSe-1900, BPbSe-2000, BPbSe-2100, etc.), cadmium sulfide quantum dots (Xi'an Qiyue Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Q-0203691, etc.), cadmium selenide quantum dots (Jiangsu Xianfeng Nanomaterials Technology Co., Ltd., CdSe / ZnS-NS50-520, CdSe / ZnS-NS50-620, CdSe / ZnS-NS100-520, etc.), perovskite quantum dots (Sigma-Aldrich, CsPbX3(X... = Cl,Br,I) perovskite quantum dots or carbon quantum dots (purchased from American Elements).

[0018] Furthermore, the thickness of the organic absorber layer is 30-80 nm, the thickness of the perovskite absorber layer is 50-300 nm, the thickness of the quantum dot absorber layer is 50-300 nm, and the thickness of the crystalline silicon absorber layer is 2-100 μm.

[0019] Preferably, the material of the first transparent conductive layer is one or more of silver nanowires (AgNWs), high-conductivity PEDOT:PSS, indium tin oxide (ITO), fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO), aluminum (Al), silver (Ag), and gold (Au), and the thickness is 5-50 nm, preferably 10-20 nm.

[0020] Preferably, the material of the first dielectric matching layer is NPB (N,N'-diphenyl-N,N'-di(1-naphthyl)-1,1'-biphenyl-4,4'-diamine, CAS No. 123847-85-8), BCP (2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline, CAS No. 4733-39-5), lithium fluoride, molybdenum oxide, or magnesium fluoride, with a thickness of 20-150 nm.

[0021] Preferably, the refractive index of the low-refractive-index medium layer is less than 1.55 and the thickness is 20-200 nm; the refractive index of the high-refractive-index medium layer is higher than 1.7 and the thickness is 20-150 nm.

[0022] Preferably, the material of the low refractive index dielectric layer is NPB, BCP, silicon dioxide, magnesium fluoride, lithium fluoride, organic polymer dielectric, or acrylic resin; the material of the high refractive index dielectric layer is titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, niobium oxide, zinc sulfide, NPB, or BCP.

[0023] Furthermore, the material of the high-refractive-index dielectric layer is different from the material of the low-refractive-index dielectric layer.

[0024] The spectrally selective electrode is based on the principle of induced transmission and is formed by multilayer refractive medium films to form a Fabry-Perot type resonant structure, a distributed Bragg reflection structure, a microcavity enhancement structure, or a combination thereof.

[0025] Preferably, the antireflective layer is a fluorocarbon compound (CFC). X (X=1-4) or magnesium fluoride, with a thickness of 20-150 nm.

[0026] Preferably, when the refractive medium layer is multilayered, a second dielectric matching layer, a second transparent conductive layer, and a third dielectric matching layer are further provided between adjacent refractive medium layers.

[0027] Preferably, the spectral selective photovoltaic display integrated device is arranged on the surface of the display module in the form of a dot matrix, stripe array, rectangular subpixel array, triangular subpixel array, mosaic array, honeycomb array or high-fill subpixel array to form an RGB display compatible photovoltaic array; by stacking and combining refractive medium layers of different thicknesses, the spectral selective photovoltaic display integrated device can form a transmissive photovoltaic unit including red light, green light and blue light.

[0028] Furthermore, the red light-transmitting photovoltaic unit, green light-transmitting photovoltaic unit, and blue light-transmitting photovoltaic unit can be arranged on the surface of the display module (or device) in the form of dot matrix, stripe array, rectangular sub-pixel array, triangular sub-pixel array, mosaic array, or honeycomb array, forming an RGB dot matrix array using a patterning process, and then integrated with the sub-pixels of the display module to obtain an integrated display screen structure.

[0029] Furthermore, the center wavelength of the transmission peak of the red light-transmitting photovoltaic unit is 600-700 nm, the center wavelength of the transmission peak of the green light-transmitting photovoltaic unit is 500-580 nm, and the center wavelength of the transmission peak of the blue light-transmitting photovoltaic unit is 420-500 nm; the half-width at half maximum (WHM) of the target transmission band is less than 50 nm.

[0030] Specifically, the center wavelength of the transmission peak of the red light-transmitting photovoltaic unit is 625 nm, the center wavelength of the transmission peak of the green light-transmitting photovoltaic unit is 525 nm, and the center wavelength of the transmission peak of the blue light-transmitting photovoltaic unit is 470 nm.

[0031] The target transmission band has a half-width of less than 50 nm, preferably 10-50 nm, and more preferably 10-30 nm.

[0032] The aforementioned spectrally selective electrode has a narrow half-peak and wide transmission peak in the target transmission band; it has low transmittance in the non-target transmission band; it enhances the intracavity light field distribution in the main absorption band of the photovoltaic device; and it balances the purity of visible light transmission color with the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the device.

[0033] The present invention also provides a display screen structure, including the above-mentioned spectral selective photovoltaic display integrated device and display module, wherein the spectral selective photovoltaic display integrated device is arranged on the surface of the display module, and the substrate is disposed between the display module and the first transparent electrode.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the above-described technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages: This invention discloses a selectively transparent photovoltaic display integrated device. Through spectrally selective electrodes, a narrow-band transparent design is achieved in the semi-transparent photovoltaic module, successfully constructing red, green, and blue transparent units that possess both high color purity and excellent photoelectric conversion performance. Furthermore, an RGB dot matrix design allows the photovoltaic module to simultaneously serve as an auxiliary optical layer for the display. This not only effectively matches the display spectrum to improve color gamut, reduce color difference, and lower display light crosstalk, but also fully absorbs non-target transmission bands in ambient light for photovoltaic power generation, endowing the display with low-power maintenance, auxiliary charging, and energy recovery functions. Simultaneously, this structure significantly reduces ambient light reflection, substantially improving the display contrast and visibility of the device in complex scenarios such as outdoor natural strong light. Moreover, this invention not only boasts strong process compatibility, suitable for processes such as vacuum deposition, solution coating, patterning, and roll-to-roll fabrication, but also has broad industrialization prospects and is compatible with various cutting-edge application platforms such as flexible displays, transparent displays, and automotive terminals. Attached Figure Description

[0035] To make the content of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the selective light-transmitting photovoltaic display integrated device of the present invention; Figure 2 The transmission spectra of the photovoltaic units of Embodiment 1 (red light transmitting type (a), Embodiment 2 (green light transmitting type (b), and Embodiment 3 (blue light transmitting type) of the present invention are shown. Figure 3 The photovoltaic performance results of the photovoltaic units of Embodiment 1 (red light transmitting type (a), Embodiment 2 (green light transmitting type (b), and Embodiment 3 (blue light transmitting type (c)) of the present invention are shown in the figure. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the correspondence between the RGB dot matrix photovoltaic unit and the sub-pixels of the display screen in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of the device of the present invention to achieve non-target band absorption power generation and target band transmission display under ambient light illumination.

[0037] Explanation of reference numerals in the accompanying drawings: 10-Display module, 11-Substrate, 12-First transparent electrode, 13-First charge transport layer, 14-Photoactive layer, 15-Second charge transport layer, 16-Spectroscopically selective electrode, 17-First transparent conductive layer, 18-First dielectric matching layer, 19-Low refractive index dielectric layer, 20-High refractive index dielectric layer, 21-Antireflection layer. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can better understand and implement the present invention. However, the embodiments described are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0039] Example 1: Red light transmittance selective light transmittance photovoltaic display integrated unit like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a red light-transmitting selective photovoltaic display integrated device. The device includes a substrate 11, a first transparent electrode 12 on the substrate 11, a first charge transport layer 13 on the first transparent electrode 12, a photoactive layer 14 on the first charge transport layer 13, a second charge transport layer 15 on the photoactive layer 14, and a spectrally selective electrode 16 on the second charge transport layer 15. The spectrally selective electrode 16 includes a first transparent conductive layer 17, a first dielectric matching layer 18, a low refractive index dielectric layer 19, a high refractive index dielectric layer 20, and an antireflection layer 21.

[0040] The first charge transport layer 13 ensures the effective transport of charge carriers. The photoactive layer 14 is used to absorb light energy. The second charge transport layer 15 ensures the effective transport of charge carriers. The spectrally selective electrode 16 is used to form a predetermined narrow-band transmission window in the visible light band to ensure the effective light output efficiency of the display module. At the same time, it enhances reflection and suppresses transmission in the non-transmission band so that more light in the non-transmission band is coupled into the photoactive layer 14 and absorbed for power generation.

[0041] Using a rigid glass sheet as a substrate 11, the ITO on the surface of the substrate 11 serves as the first transparent electrode 12 of the device. The ITO glass is placed in an ultrasonic cleaner and ultrasonically cleaned for 15 minutes with DECON cleaning solution, anhydrous ethanol, and isopropanol, respectively. After that, it is dried with a nitrogen gun and subjected to ultraviolet ozone treatment.

[0042] A first charge transport layer 13, a photoactive layer 14, a second charge transport layer 15, and a spectrally selective electrode 16 were coated onto the first transparent electrode 12. The first charge transport layer 13 was made of PEDOT:PSS. PEDOT:PSS was spin-coated onto a clean ITO glass surface at 4000 rpm for 40 s, followed by annealing at 140℃ for 15 min to obtain a first charge transport layer 13 with a thickness of 50 nm. Next, the photoactive layer was made of PM6:BTP-eC9:L8-BO (mass ratio 1:0.96:0.24, total concentration 16 mg / mL, dissolved in chloroform, wherein the chloroform solution contains 5 mg / mL of 1,4-diiodobenzene) as the photoactive layer material. The photoactive layer was spin-coated onto the first charge transport layer 13 using a spin coater at 2000 rpm for 1 min to obtain a photoactive layer with a thickness of 100 nm. A photoactive layer 14 with a thickness of 10 nm was obtained; a second charge transport layer 15 with a thickness of 20 nm was obtained by using PNDIT-F3N as the second charge transport layer with a concentration of 0.5 mg / mL, controlling the rotation speed at 3000 rpm and the time at 40 s.

[0043] A spectrally selective electrode 16 is fabricated on the second charge transport layer 15: The above sample is transferred to a thermal evaporation system, and the vacuum level of the vacuum chamber is controlled at 5 × 10⁻⁶. -6 Below Torr, a transparent conductive layer is deposited using a vacuum thermal evaporation method, with aluminum / silver as the material of the first transparent conductive layer 17, and the evaporation rate of the silver in the second electrode is controlled at 1 Å / s, with a thickness of 15 nm.

[0044] The deposition method of the refractive medium layer is as follows: depositing a first LiF medium matching layer 18; then sequentially depositing an optical resonance structure composed of alternating LiF low refractive index medium layer 19 and NPB high refractive index medium layer 20.

[0045] The method for antireflection layer 21 is as follows: the sample is transferred to a chemical vapor deposition system, and the vacuum level is controlled at 1.5 × 10⁻⁶. -3 Below Torr, fluorocarbons were used as the antireflection layer 21, and the deposition rate was controlled at 5 Å / s.

[0046] In this embodiment, a red-light-transmitting photovoltaic unit was finally prepared. The structural parameters of the spectrally selective electrode 16 are as follows: Al:Ag (transparent conductive layer, Al thickness 0.5 nm, Ag thickness 15 nm) / LiF (dielectric matching layer, 104.3 nm) / LiF:NPB (low refractive index dielectric layer: high refractive index dielectric layer, 111.4 nm: 77.5 nm; 2 pairs) / NPB:LiF (high refractive index dielectric layer: low refractive index dielectric layer, 77.5 nm: 111.4 nm; 5 pairs) / LiF (dielectric matching layer, 89.3 nm) / Al:Ag (transparent conductive layer, 70 nm) / LiF (dielectric matching layer, 89.3 nm) / LiF:NPB (low refractive index dielectric layer: high refractive index dielectric layer, 114.4 nm: 77.5 nm; 6 pairs) / fluorocarbon compound (100 nm antireflection layer). By designing the thickness of the multilayer film as described above, a narrow-band transmission window for red light is formed in the wavelength range of 620-680 nm, while a lower transmission region is formed in other visible wavelength bands, thus obtaining a red light-transmitting selective photovoltaic unit. This structure, while maintaining red light transmission, also restricts the transmission of non-target wavelengths such as green and blue light, allowing them to be coupled to the photoactive layer 14 for absorption, achieving compatibility between red light transmission for display and ambient light power generation.

[0047] Example 2: Green light transmittance selective light transmittance photovoltaic display integrated unit Except for the optical thickness of the film layer of the spectrally selective electrode 16, the materials and preparation process in this embodiment are the same as in Embodiment 1.

[0048] For the green light-transmitting photovoltaic unit, the structural parameters of the spectrally selective electrode 16 are Al:Ag (transparent conductive layer, Al: 0.5 nm, Ag: 15 nm) / LiF (dielectric matching layer, 86.3 nm) / LiF:NPB (low refractive index dielectric layer: high refractive index dielectric layer, 93.5 nm: 65 nm; 2 pairs) / NPB:LiF (high refractive index dielectric layer: low refractive index dielectric layer, 65 nm: 93.5 nm; 4 pairs) / LiF (dielectric matching layer, 70.8 nm) / Al:Ag (transparent conductive layer, 70 nm) / LiF (dielectric matching layer, 70.8 nm) / LiF:NPB (low refractive index dielectric layer: high refractive index dielectric layer, 93.5 nm: 65 nm; 5 pairs) / CFx (100 nm antireflection layer). By designing the thickness of the multilayer film as described above, a narrow green light transmission window is formed in the 520-560 nm range, while a lower transmission region is formed in other visible wavelengths, thus obtaining a green light-transmitting selective photovoltaic unit. This structure, while maintaining green light transmission, restricts the transmission of non-target wavelengths such as red and blue light, allowing them to be coupled to the photoactive layer for absorption, achieving compatibility between green display light transmission and ambient light power generation.

[0049] Example 3: Blue light transmittance selective light transmittance photovoltaic display integrated unit Except for the optical thickness of the film layer of the spectrally selective electrode 16, the materials and preparation process in this embodiment are the same as in Example 1.

[0050] For the blue light-transmitting photovoltaic unit, the structural parameters of the spectrally selective electrode 16 are as follows: Al:Ag (transparent conductive layer, Al: 0.5 nm, Ag: 15 nm) / LiF (dielectric matching layer, 72.9 nm) / LiF:NPB (low refractive index dielectric layer: high refractive index dielectric layer, 80.0 nm: 55.6 nm; 1 pair) / NPB:LiF (high refractive index dielectric layer: low refractive index dielectric layer, 55.6 nm: 80.0 nm; 3 pairs) / LiF (dielectric matching layer, 56.3 nm) / Al:Ag (transparent conductive layer, 70 nm) / LiF (dielectric matching layer, 56.3 nm) / LiF:NPB (low refractive index dielectric layer: high refractive index dielectric layer, 80.0 nm: 55.6 nm; 4 pairs) / CFx (100 nm antireflection layer). By designing the thickness of the multilayer film as described above, a narrow blue light transmission window is formed in the 440-480 nm range, while a lower transmission region is formed in other visible wavelengths, thus obtaining a blue light-transmitting selective photovoltaic unit. This structure, while maintaining blue light transmission, restricts the transmission of non-target wavelengths such as red and green light, allowing them to be coupled to the photoactive layer for absorption, achieving compatibility between blue light transmission and ambient light power generation.

[0051] Example 4: Application of Transmissive Photovoltaic Units in Display Devices The red light-transmitting photovoltaic unit prepared in Example 1, the green light-transmitting photovoltaic unit prepared in Example 2, and the blue light-transmitting photovoltaic unit prepared in Example 3 were integrated into a display device. The specific process is as follows: First, an OLED display module with an RGB sub-pixel array was selected as the display substrate. The position coordinates of the red, green, and blue sub-pixels were determined using a micro-alignment system, and a corresponding metal mask was prepared according to the sub-pixel period of the display module. The metal mask includes opening areas corresponding to the red, green, and blue sub-pixels, respectively, and the opening size matches the light-transmitting area of ​​the sub-pixels of the display module.

[0052] Secondly, a first transparent electrode, a first charge transport layer, a photoactive layer, and a second charge transport layer are sequentially fabricated on the same transparent glass substrate. Subsequently, an RGB selectively transparent photovoltaic array is fabricated using a step-by-step mask evaporation process. Specifically, first, the mask corresponding to the red sub-pixel region is aligned with the substrate, and the red light-transmitting spectral-selective electrode described in Example 1 is deposited on the red sub-pixel region to form a red light-transmitting photovoltaic unit. Then, the mask corresponding to the green sub-pixel region is replaced and aligned, and the green light-transmitting spectral-selective electrode described in Example 2 is deposited on the green sub-pixel region to form a green light-transmitting photovoltaic unit. Finally, the mask corresponding to the blue sub-pixel region is replaced and aligned, and the blue light-transmitting spectral-selective electrode described in Example 3 is deposited on the blue sub-pixel region to form a blue light-transmitting photovoltaic unit. After three mask evaporation processes, an RGB repeating selectively transparent photovoltaic array corresponding one-to-one with the RGB sub-pixels of the display module is obtained on the same substrate.

[0053] Finally, the fabricated RGB repeating selectively transparent photovoltaic array is aligned and bonded to the OLED display module using transparent optical adhesive. During bonding, alignment marks are used to align red-transmitting photovoltaic units with OLED red sub-pixels, green-transmitting photovoltaic units with OLED green sub-pixels, and blue-transmitting photovoltaic units with OLED blue sub-pixels. After bonding, air bubbles are removed in a vacuum bonding machine, and the array is then cured with ultraviolet light to obtain the selectively transparent photovoltaic integrated display screen structure.

[0054] In terms of electrical connection, the photovoltaic units in the RGB selectively transparent photovoltaic array are connected in series or in parallel via transparent conductive busbars. These busbars are led out to the display module bezel area and sequentially connected to a power management chip, an energy storage capacitor, or a thin-film battery. The power management chip is used to rectify, boost, or regulate the voltage and current output by the photovoltaic units. When ambient light illuminates the device, the non-transmissive wavelengths are preferentially absorbed by the photovoltaic structure and converted into electrical energy, providing auxiliary power to the display module, sensors, low-power standby circuits, or energy storage units.

[0055] When the display module is working, red, green, and blue display light are output through the photovoltaic units of their corresponding transmission windows, reducing spectral crosstalk between different color sub-pixels and improving the purity of the displayed colors. Figure 2It is known that red-light-transmitting photovoltaic units have a main transmission peak in the 600-650 nm range, green-light-transmitting photovoltaic units have a main transmission peak in the 500-580 nm range, and blue-light-transmitting photovoltaic units have a main transmission peak in the 450-500 nm range. The transmittance of each unit is significantly reduced in the non-target transmission band, thus improving the selectivity of the RGB display spectrum. To evaluate the outdoor display enhancement effect, a conventional OLED display was used as a comparative example, and the selectively transmittant photovoltaic integrated display obtained in this embodiment was used as the example sample. The screen surface reflectance and contrast ratio were tested under the same display brightness and the same ambient illuminance. The results show that at a wavelength of 550 nm, the apparent reflectance of a conventional OLED display is about 8.5%, while the apparent reflectance of the sample in this embodiment is reduced to about 4.2%. Under ambient light conditions of 10000 lux, the contrast ratio of the conventional OLED display is about 120:1, while the contrast ratio of the sample in this embodiment is increased to about 210:1. This demonstrates that the selective light-transmitting photovoltaic integrated display screen structure described in this embodiment can reduce ambient light reflection and improve image contrast and readability under strong light conditions.

[0056] Example 5: Flexible Selective Transmittance Photovoltaic Integrated Device This embodiment provides a flexible selective light-transmitting photovoltaic integrated display screen structure. Aside from using a transparent flexible polymer film as the substrate and silver nanowires as the first transparent electrode, the remaining steps are the same as in Embodiment 4. The RGB dot-matrix selective light-transmitting photovoltaic array is integrated into the light emission path of a flexible OLED, flexible Micro-LED, or flexible liquid crystal display (LCD) module via optical adhesive bonding, vacuum bonding, or flexible transfer printing, resulting in the flexible selective light-transmitting photovoltaic integrated display screen structure. This structure combines flexible display, ambient light power generation, selective spectral transmission, and outdoor visibility enhancement functions.

[0057] Effect evaluation: To verify the technical effect of the selective light-transmitting photovoltaic display integrated device of the present invention, the transmission spectrum and photovoltaic output performance of the red light-transmitting photovoltaic unit prepared in Example 1, the green light-transmitting photovoltaic unit prepared in Example 2, and the blue light-transmitting photovoltaic unit prepared in Example 3 were tested.

[0058] Figure 2 These are the transmission spectra of red-light-transmitting, green-light-transmitting, and blue-light-transmitting photovoltaic units obtained in Embodiments 1, 2, and 3 of this invention. Figure 2It can be seen that the red-light-transmitting photovoltaic unit forms a distinct narrow-band transmission window in the 600-650 nm range, with a transmission peak center wavelength of approximately 620 nm and a half-width at half-maximum (HWHM) of approximately 45 nm; the green-light-transmitting photovoltaic unit forms a distinct narrow-band transmission window in the 500-580 nm range, with a transmission peak center wavelength of approximately 540 nm and a HWHM of approximately 30 nm; and the blue-light-transmitting photovoltaic unit forms a distinct narrow-band transmission window in the 450-500 nm range, with a transmission peak center wavelength of approximately 460 nm and a HWHM of approximately 28 nm. These results indicate that by adjusting the thickness of the high-refractive-index dielectric layer and the low-refractive-index dielectric layer in the spectrally selective electrode, three narrow-band transmission windows (red, green, and blue) can be obtained, respectively, meeting the requirements for spectral matching with the RGB sub-pixels of the display module. Further analysis of the transmittance in non-target wavelength bands is then conducted. The average transmittance of the red-light-transmitting photovoltaic unit in the green and blue light bands, the average transmittance of the green-light-transmitting photovoltaic unit in the red and blue light bands, and the average transmittance of the blue-light-transmitting photovoltaic unit in the red and green light bands are all less than 5%. Therefore, the selective transmittance photovoltaic unit of the present invention can effectively suppress the transmission of non-target light bands while ensuring the transmission of target display light, reduce spectral crosstalk between different color sub-pixels, and improve the purity of display color. Figure 3 The photovoltaic performance results of the photovoltaic units obtained in Examples 1 to 3 are presented below. Under standard illumination conditions of AM 1.5G and 100 mW / cm², the open-circuit voltage of the red light-transmitting photovoltaic unit is approximately 0.82 V, the short-circuit current density is approximately 7.8 mA / cm², the fill factor is approximately 0.55, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency is approximately 3.5%; the open-circuit voltage of the green light-transmitting photovoltaic unit is approximately 0.81 V, the short-circuit current density is approximately 7.2 mA / cm², the fill factor is approximately 0.54, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency is approximately 3.1%; the open-circuit voltage of the blue light-transmitting photovoltaic unit is approximately 0.80 V, the short-circuit current density is approximately 6.6 mA / cm², the fill factor is approximately 0.53, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency is approximately 2.8%. These results demonstrate that the present invention can maintain effective photovoltaic power generation capacity while achieving RGB narrowband selective light transmission.

[0059] In summary, this invention constructs narrow-band transmission windows for red, green, and blue light using spectrally selective electrodes, achieving a synergistic effect of selective transmission of display spectra, absorption of non-target wavelength light for power generation, suppression of ambient light reflection, and enhanced outdoor display visibility. It can balance display performance and photovoltaic power generation performance and is applicable to various display terminals such as OLED, Micro-LED, LCD, flexible displays, transparent displays, and automotive displays.

[0060] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A spectrally selective photovoltaic display integrated device, characterized in that, It includes a substrate (11), a first transparent electrode (12), a first charge transport layer (13), a photoactive layer (14), a second charge transport layer (15), and a spectrally selective electrode (16) arranged sequentially. The spectrally selective electrode (16) includes a first transparent conductive layer (17), a first dielectric matching layer (18), one or more refractive dielectric layers, and an antireflection layer (21) arranged sequentially. The first transparent conductive layer (17) is disposed between the second charge transport layer (15) and the first dielectric matching layer (18). The refractive dielectric layer includes a low refractive index dielectric layer (19) and a high refractive index dielectric layer (20).

2. The spectrally selective photovoltaic display integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first charge transport layer (13) is an electron transport layer and the second charge transport layer (15) is a hole transport layer, or the first charge transport layer (13) is a hole transport layer and the second charge transport layer (15) is an electron transport layer.

3. The spectrally selective photovoltaic display integrated device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The electron transport layer is made of zinc oxide, tin oxide, titanium dioxide, PDINN or PFN-Br, and the hole transport layer is made of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-polystyrene sulfonic acid, molybdenum oxide, vanadium oxide, tungsten oxide or nickel oxide.

4. The spectrally selective photovoltaic display integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photoactive layer (14) is an organic absorption layer, a perovskite absorption layer, a quantum dot absorption layer, or a crystalline silicon absorption layer; the material of the organic absorption layer is PM6, D18, Y6, L8-BO, or BTP-eC9; the material of the perovskite absorption layer is MAPbI3 perovskite, FAPbI3 perovskite, or CsPbI3 perovskite; and the material of the quantum dot absorption layer is lead sulfide quantum dots, lead selenide quantum dots, cadmium sulfide quantum dots, cadmium selenide quantum dots, perovskite quantum dots, or carbon quantum dots.

5. The spectrally selective photovoltaic display integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the first transparent conductive layer (17) is one or more of silver nanowires, high-conductivity PEDOT:PSS, indium tin oxide, fluorine-doped tin oxide, aluminum, silver and gold, and the thickness is 5-50 nm.

6. The spectrally selective photovoltaic display integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the first dielectric matching layer (18) is NPB, BCP, lithium fluoride, molybdenum oxide or magnesium fluoride, and the thickness is 20-100 nm.

7. The spectrally selective photovoltaic display integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low refractive index medium layer (19) has a refractive index of less than 1.55 and a thickness of 20-200 nm; the high refractive index medium layer (20) has a refractive index of more than 1.7 and a thickness of 20-150 nm.

8. The spectrally selective photovoltaic display integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the low refractive index dielectric layer (19) is NPB, BCP, silicon dioxide, magnesium fluoride, lithium fluoride, organic polymer dielectric or acrylic resin; the material of the high refractive index dielectric layer (20) is titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, niobium oxide, zinc sulfide, NPB or BCP.

9. The spectrally selective photovoltaic display integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the refractive medium layer is multilayered, a second dielectric matching layer, a second transparent conductive layer, and a third dielectric matching layer are also provided between adjacent refractive medium layers.

10. A display screen structure, characterized in that, The display module includes the spectrally selective photovoltaic display integrated device and the display module as described in any one of claims 1-9, wherein the spectrally selective photovoltaic display integrated device is arranged on the surface of the display module.

Images