Display module, manufacturing method thereof and display device

Abstract

The application relates to a display module, a manufacturing method thereof and a display device. The display module comprises a display panel, a touch structure and an electrochromic structure. The display panel comprises a substrate and a plurality of sub-pixels. The substrate comprises a display area and a non-display area. The orthographic projection of the plurality of sub-pixels on the substrate is located in the display area. The touch structure comprises a touch electrode layer. The touch electrode layer is arranged on the side of the plurality of sub-pixels away from the substrate. The orthographic projection of the touch electrode layer on the substrate is in a grid shape. The orthographic projection of the sub-pixel on the substrate is located in the grid-shaped mesh. The electrochromic structure is arranged on the side of the touch structure away from the substrate. The orthographic projection of the electrochromic structure on the substrate overlaps the orthographic projection of the touch electrode layer on the substrate, and does not overlap the orthographic projection of the sub-pixel on the substrate. The electrochromic structure is configured to be converted into a non-transparent state when the sub-pixel emits light, and be converted into a transparent state when the sub-pixel stops emitting light. In this way, the display effect and reliability of the display module can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to a display module and its manufacturing method, and a display device. Background Technology

[0002] OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode) has the characteristics of self-illumination, high brightness, wide viewing angle, high contrast, flexibility, and low power consumption, and has therefore attracted widespread attention. As a new generation of display technology, it has begun to gradually replace traditional LCD displays and is widely used in mobile phone screens, computer monitors, full-color TVs, etc.

[0003] With the development of display technology, display panels can integrate touch and display functions to enable touch functionality, and touch-enabled display panels are increasingly being used in various electronic devices.

[0004] However, current touch display panels still suffer from poor display quality. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on this, this application provides a display module and its manufacturing method, as well as a display device, to improve the display effect and reliability of the display module.

[0006] According to one aspect of this application, a display module is provided, comprising:

[0007] A display panel includes a substrate and a plurality of sub-pixels spaced apart on one side of the substrate; the substrate includes a display area and a non-display area, and the orthographic projection of the plurality of sub-pixels on the substrate is located in the display area;

[0008] A touch structure includes a touch electrode layer; the touch electrode layer is disposed on the side of the plurality of sub-pixels away from the substrate; at least a portion of the orthographic projection of the touch electrode layer on the substrate is located in the display area; the orthographic projection of the touch electrode layer on the substrate is in the form of a grid; the orthographic projection of the sub-pixels on the substrate is located within the mesh of the grid.

[0009] An electrochromic structure is disposed on the side of the touch structure away from the substrate; the orthographic projection of the electrochromic structure on the substrate overlaps with the orthographic projection of the touch electrode layer on the substrate; and the orthographic projection of the electrochromic structure on the substrate does not overlap with the orthographic projection of the sub-pixel on the substrate.

[0010] The electrochromic structure is configured to switch to an opaque state when the sub-pixel emits light and to switch to a transparent state when the sub-pixel stops emitting light.

[0011] In one embodiment, the orthographic projection of the electrochromic structure onto the substrate covers the non-display area;

[0012] Optionally, the touch structure further includes touch traces disposed in the non-display area, the touch traces being connected to the touch electrode layer; the orthographic projection of the touch traces on the substrate is located within the orthographic projection range of the electrochromic structure on the substrate;

[0013] Optionally, the touch traces and the touch electrode layer are disposed on different layers or on the same layer.

[0014] In one embodiment, the electrochromic structure includes a first electrode, a color-changing layer, and a second electrode stacked together, the color-changing layer being configured to switch between the transparent state and the opaque state based on the voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode;

[0015] Optionally, the color-changing layer includes an ion storage layer, an ion conduction layer, and an electrochromic layer stacked along the thickness direction of the substrate;

[0016] Optionally, the system further includes a driving circuit connected to the first electrode and the second electrode; the driving circuit is configured to control the voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode to cause the color-changing layer to switch between the transparent state and the opaque state.

[0017] In one embodiment, the first electrode is connected to the touch electrode layer; or, at least a portion of the touch electrode layer is reused as the first electrode.

[0018] Optionally, the surface of the first electrode closer to the substrate is in contact with the surface of the touch electrode layer away from the substrate;

[0019] Optionally, the touch structure further includes touch traces disposed in the non-display area, the touch traces being connected to the touch electrode layer; the touch traces are multiplexed as the driving circuit, and the touch traces are connected to the second electrode;

[0020] Optionally, it also includes a touch chip, which is disposed on the side of the substrate away from the touch structure, and the touch chip is connected to the touch trace.

[0021] In one embodiment, the touch electrode layer includes a plurality of touch electrode blocks spaced apart; the first electrode is connected to the touch electrode blocks; or, the touch electrode blocks are reused as the first electrode.

[0022] Optionally, the surface of the first electrode closer to the substrate is in contact with the surface of the touch electrode block away from the substrate;

[0023] Optionally, the orthographic projection of the touch electrode block on the substrate is in the form of a grid.

[0024] Optionally, the plurality of touch electrode blocks are arranged in a row along a first direction and in a column along a second direction intersecting the first direction; both the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to the thickness direction of the substrate.

[0025] Optionally, the touch traces are disposed on the same layer as the touch electrode block.

[0026] In one embodiment, the touch electrode layer includes a plurality of touch electrode units spaced apart, each touch electrode unit including a first touch electrode and a second touch electrode; the first touch electrode and the second touch electrode are spaced apart and electrically insulated; one of the first touch electrode and the second touch electrode is a transmitting electrode, and the other is a receiving electrode; one of the first touch electrode and the second touch electrode is connected to the first electrode; or, one of the first touch electrode and the second touch electrode is reused as the first electrode;

[0027] Optionally, the surface of the first electrode near the substrate is in contact with the surface of the first touch electrode away from the substrate; or, the surface of the first electrode near the substrate is in contact with the surface of the second touch electrode away from the substrate.

[0028] Optionally, there are multiple first touch electrodes and multiple second touch electrodes. The first touch electrodes and the second touch electrodes are arranged alternately along a first direction and alternately along a second direction. The first direction and the second direction intersect and are both perpendicular to the thickness direction of the substrate.

[0029] Optionally, the touch structure includes a bridging layer, and the first touch electrode or the second touch electrode in the touch electrode unit is electrically connected to the bridging layer; the bridging layer and the touch electrode layer are disposed in different layers;

[0030] Optionally, the orthographic projection of the first touch electrode on the substrate is in the form of a grid.

[0031] Optionally, the orthographic projection of the second touch electrode on the substrate is in the form of a grid.

[0032] Optionally, the touch traces are disposed on the same layer as the touch electrode layer, or the touch traces are disposed on the same layer as the bridging layer.

[0033] In one embodiment, the light transmittance of the electrochromic structure in the light-transmitting state is above 25%;

[0034] Optionally, the transmittance of the first electrode is above 60%;

[0035] Optionally, the transmittance of the second electrode is above 60%;

[0036] Optionally, the transmittance of the color-changing layer in the light-transmitting state is above 60%.

[0037] In one embodiment, the display panel further includes an encapsulation structure that covers the plurality of sub-pixels; the touch structure is located on the side of the encapsulation structure away from the substrate;

[0038] Optionally, the display module further includes a first insulating layer disposed between the touch structure and the packaging structure;

[0039] Optionally, the first insulating layer is an inorganic layer;

[0040] Optionally, the display module further includes a polarizer and a cover plate; the polarizer is disposed on the side of the electrochromic structure away from the substrate; at least one optical adhesive layer is disposed between the polarizer and the electrochromic structure; the cover plate is disposed on the side of the polarizer away from the substrate; at least one optical adhesive layer is disposed between the cover plate and the polarizer.

[0041] According to another aspect of this application, a method for manufacturing a display module is provided, comprising:

[0042] A substrate is provided, and a plurality of sub-pixels are formed on one side of the substrate at intervals; the substrate includes a display area and a non-display area, and the orthographic projection of the plurality of sub-pixels on the substrate is located in the display area, which includes the substrate and the plurality of sub-pixels spaced apart on one side of the substrate;

[0043] A touch structure is formed on the side of the plurality of sub-pixels away from the substrate. The touch structure includes a touch electrode layer disposed on the side of the plurality of sub-pixels away from the substrate. At least a portion of the orthographic projection of the touch electrode layer on the substrate is located in the display area. The orthographic projection of the touch electrode layer on the substrate is in the shape of a grid. The orthographic projection of the sub-pixels on the substrate is located within the mesh of the grid.

[0044] An electrochromic structure is formed on the side of the touch structure away from the substrate. The orthographic projection of the electrochromic structure on the substrate overlaps with the orthographic projection of the touch electrode layer on the substrate. The orthographic projection of the electrochromic structure on the substrate does not overlap with the orthographic projection of the sub-pixel on the substrate. The electrochromic structure is configured to switch to an opaque state when the sub-pixel emits light and to switch to a transparent state when the sub-pixel stops emitting light.

[0045] According to another aspect of this application, a display device is provided, comprising the display module described in any of the above embodiments.

[0046] The aforementioned display module has an electrochromic structure disposed on the side of the touch structure away from the substrate; the orthographic projection of the electrochromic structure on the substrate overlaps with the orthographic projection of the touch electrode layer on the substrate; and the orthographic projection of the electrochromic structure on the substrate does not overlap with the orthographic projection of the sub-pixel on the substrate; the electrochromic structure is configured to switch to an opaque state when the sub-pixel emits light, and to switch to a transparent state when the sub-pixel stops emitting light. In this way, the orthographic projection of the electrochromic structure onto the substrate is located in the non-light-emitting area between the sub-pixels. The electrochromic structure is configured to switch to an opaque state when the sub-pixels emit light and to switch to a transparent state when the sub-pixels stop emitting light. On the one hand, when the display module is displaying normally and the sub-pixels emit light, the electrochromic structure switches to an opaque state. This does not affect the light emission of the sub-pixels, while simultaneously blocking large-angle light rays, improving crosstalk between adjacent sub-pixels and enhancing visual comfort. Furthermore, the electrochromic structure consumes power when the sub-pixels emit light and requires no energy to maintain its transparent state at other times, thus reducing the power consumption of the display module. On the other hand, the electrochromic structure can also block the touch electrode layer, reducing interference from the touch electrode layer on light (such as diffraction and reflection), improving the display contrast and overall display effect. Furthermore, by using an electrochromic structure to replace the light-shielding layer in related technologies, the electrochromic structure has a better bonding force with the underlying film layer, which can reduce the probability of display module failure due to film peeling and improve the reliability of the display module. Attached Figure Description

[0047] Figure 1 This is a first cross-sectional view of a display module provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0048] Figure 2 This is a second cross-sectional view of a display module provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0049] Figure 3 A third cross-sectional view of a display module provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0050] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the electrochromic structure in a display module provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0051] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the display panel in the display module provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0052] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a touch structure in a display module provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0053] Figure 7 This is another schematic diagram of the touch structure in the display module provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0054] Figure 8 This is a partial structural diagram of the touch electrode layer in the touch structure of the display module provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0055] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a display device provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0056] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0057] 1. Display device; 10. Display module; 11. Display panel; 111. Substrate; 111a. Display area; 111b. Non-display area; 112. Subpixel; 113. Packaging structure; 1131. Inorganic packaging layer; 1132. Organic packaging layer; 12. Touch structure; 121. Touch electrode layer; 1211. Touch electrode block; 1212. Touch electrode unit; 1212a. First touch electrode; 1212 b. Second touch electrode; 122. Touch trace; 123. Bridging layer; 13. Electrochromic structure; 131. First electrode; 132. Color-changing layer; 1321. Ion storage layer; 1322. Ion conduction layer; 1323. Electrochromic layer; 133. Second electrode; 14. First insulating layer; 15. Polarizer; 16. Cover plate; 17. Optical adhesive layer; 18. Touch chip; X. First direction; Y. Second direction. Detailed Implementation

[0058] To facilitate understanding of this application, a more complete description will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of this application are shown in the drawings. However, this application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of this application.

[0059] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the specification of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0060] When describing positional relationships, unless otherwise specified, when an element such as a layer, film, or substrate is referred to as being "on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be intermediate elements. Furthermore, when a layer is referred to as being "below" another layer, it can be directly below it. It is also understood that when a layer is referred to as being "between" two layers, it can be the only layer between the two layers.

[0061] When using the terms “including,” “having,” and “comprising” as described herein, another component may be added unless explicitly qualifying terms such as “only,” “consisting of,” etc. are used. Unless otherwise stated, singular terms may include plural forms and should not be construed as having a quantity of one.

[0062] It should be understood that although the terms “first,” “second,” etc., may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are used only to distinguish one element from another. For example, without departing from the scope of this application, a first element may be referred to as a second element, and similarly, a second element may be referred to as a first element.

[0063] It should also be understood that, in interpreting an element, although not explicitly described, the element is interpreted as including a range of error, which should be within the acceptable deviation range of a particular value as determined by a person skilled in the art. For example, "approximately," "about," or "substantially" can mean within one or more standard deviations, without limitation herein.

[0064] Furthermore, in the instruction manual, the phrase "planar distribution diagram" refers to the diagram when the target part is viewed from above, and the phrase "cross-sectional diagram" refers to the diagram when the target part is viewed from the side as a cross-section taken by vertically cutting the target part.

[0065] Furthermore, the accompanying drawings are not drawn to a 1:1 scale, and the relative dimensions of the components are shown in the drawings only as examples and not necessarily to actual scale.

[0066] Firstly, such as Figure 1 , Figures 5 to 8As shown, this application provides a display module 10, including a display panel 11, a touch structure 12, and an electrochromic structure 13. The display panel 11 includes a substrate 111 and a plurality of sub-pixels 112 spaced apart on one side of the substrate 111. The substrate 111 includes a display area 111a and a non-display area 111b, and the orthographic projection of the plurality of sub-pixels 112 onto the substrate 111 is located in the display area 111a. The touch structure 12 includes a touch electrode layer 121. The touch electrode layer 121 is located on the side of the plurality of sub-pixels 112 away from the substrate 111. At least a portion of the orthographic projection of the touch electrode layer 121 onto the substrate 111 is located in the display area 111a. The orthographic projection of the touch electrode layer 121 onto the substrate 111 is in the form of a grid; the orthographic projection of the sub-pixel 112 onto the substrate 111 is located within the mesh of the grid; the electrochromic structure 13 is disposed on the side of the touch structure 12 away from the substrate 111; the orthographic projection of the electrochromic structure 13 onto the substrate 111 overlaps with the orthographic projection of the touch electrode layer 121 onto the substrate 111; and the orthographic projection of the electrochromic structure 13 onto the substrate 111 does not overlap with the orthographic projection of the sub-pixel 112 onto the substrate 111; the electrochromic structure 13 is configured to convert to an opaque state when the sub-pixel 112 emits light, and to convert to a transparent state when the sub-pixel 112 stops emitting light.

[0067] Specifically, the display panel 11 can be an organic light-emitting diode display panel 11 (OLED) or a quantum dot light-emitting diode display panel 11 (QLED).

[0068] Exemplarily, the substrate 111 may include a substrate and a driving circuit layer disposed on the substrate. The substrate may be a rigid substrate or a flexible substrate. When the substrate is rigid, the material may be glass or silicon, etc.; when the substrate is flexible, the material may be polyimide. The driving circuit layer includes a pixel driving circuit for driving sub-pixels 112; the pixel driving circuit includes a thin-film transistor. Exemplarily, the multiple sub-pixels 112 may include multiple sub-pixels 112 of different colors, and the multiple sub-pixels 112 are arranged in an array for displaying an image; the specific structure of each sub-pixel 112 may include the fabrication of film layers such as an anode layer, a pixel definition layer, a light-emitting functional layer, and a cathode layer. The light-emitting functional layer includes an organic light-emitting layer (EML). The light-emitting functional unit further includes at least one of a hole injection layer (HIL), a hole transport layer (HTL), an electron transport layer (ETL), an electron injection layer (EIL), a hole block layer (HBL), and an electron block layer (EBL). The light-emitting functional unit can also be a stacked light-emitting layer, that is, it includes at least two light-emitting layers and a charge generation layer (CGL) located between each adjacent light-emitting layer.

[0069] See Figures 5 to 8 As shown, the touch electrode layer 121 is disposed on the side of the plurality of sub-pixels 112 away from the substrate 111; at least a portion of the orthographic projection of the touch electrode layer 121 on the substrate 111 is located in the display area 111a; the orthographic projection of the touch electrode layer 121 on the substrate 111 is in the form of a grid; the orthographic projection of the sub-pixels 112 on the substrate 111 is located within the mesh of the grid. Thus, the orthographic projection of the grid-shaped touch electrode layer 121 on the substrate 111 is located in the non-light-emitting area between the sub-pixels 112, reducing the light obstruction by the touch electrode layer 121, improving the overall light transmittance of the display film assembly, and improving the display effect of the display module 10. The sub-pixels 112 and the mesh are configured in a one-to-one correspondence, that is, the orthographic projection of one sub-pixel 112 is located within the corresponding mesh; one mesh can correspond to multiple sub-pixels 112, for example, one mesh corresponds to two sub-pixels 112, and the orthographic projections of the two sub-pixels 112 on the substrate 111 are located within the same mesh. This embodiment of the application does not limit this.

[0070] The electrochromic structure 13 is disposed on the side of the touch structure 12 away from the substrate 111; the orthographic projection of the electrochromic structure 13 on the substrate 111 overlaps with the orthographic projection of the touch electrode layer 121 on the substrate 111; and the orthographic projection of the electrochromic structure 13 on the substrate 111 does not overlap with the orthographic projection of the sub-pixel 112 on the substrate 111; the electrochromic structure 13 is configured to convert to an opaque state when the sub-pixel 112 emits light, and to convert to a transparent state when the sub-pixel 112 stops emitting light. In other words, the orthographic projection of the electrochromic structure 13 onto the substrate 111 is located in the non-light-emitting area between the sub-pixels 112. The electrochromic structure 13 is configured to switch to an opaque state when the sub-pixels 112 emit light and to switch to a transparent state when the sub-pixels 112 stop emitting light. Thus, on the one hand, when the display module 10 is displaying normally and the sub-pixels 112 emit light, the electrochromic structure 13 switches to an opaque state. While the electrochromic structure 13 does not affect the light emission of the sub-pixels 112, it can block light at large angles, improve the crosstalk problem of large-angle light emission between adjacent sub-pixels 112, and improve visual comfort. The electrochromic structure 13 consumes power when the sub-pixels 112 emit light (switching to an opaque state) and remains in a transparent state at other times without the need for energy maintenance, thereby reducing the power consumption of the display module 10. On the other hand, the electrochromic structure 13 can block the touch electrode layer 121, reduce the interference of the touch electrode layer 121 on light (such as diffraction and reflection), improve the display contrast of the display module 10, and improve the display effect of the display module 10.

[0071] In related technologies, a light-shielding layer, such as a black matrix, is provided on the side of the touch structure 12 away from the substrate 111 to reduce light crosstalk between adjacent sub-pixels 112 and reduce reflection of the touch structure 12. However, during exposure and development of the light-shielding layer, due to its relatively large thickness (3µm-7µm), the layer cannot be fully exposed. The side of the light-shielding layer closest to the substrate 111 is easily washed away by the developer due to incomplete curing, leading to easy peeling of the light-shielding layer and causing the display module 10 to fail. Therefore, in this embodiment, an electrochromic structure 13 is provided on the side of the touch structure 12 away from the substrate 111. The thickness of the electrochromic structure 13 is 1µm-3µm, as described below. Figure 4As shown, the electrochromic structure 13 includes a first electrode 131, a color-changing layer 132, and a first electrode 133. The thickness of both the first electrode 131 and the second electrode 133 is between 100 nm and 500 nm. The color-changing layer 132 includes an ion storage layer 1321, an ion conduction layer 1322, and an electrochromic layer 1323. The thickness of the ion conduction layer 1322 is between 0.1 μm and 1 μm; the thickness of the ion storage layer 1321 is between 50 nm and 500 nm; and the thickness of the electrochromic layer 1323 is between 50 nm and 500 nm. The manufacturing processes of each layer in the electrochromic structure 13 are not entirely the same. Because the thickness of each layer in the electrochromic structure 13 is relatively thin, even if the patterning is carried out by exposure and development process, incomplete exposure will not occur. In this way, the electrochromic structure 13 and the film layer below it can have a better bonding force, reducing the probability of the electrochromic structure 13 peeling off. This overcomes the problem in related technologies that the light-shielding layer is prone to peeling off, which leads to the failure of the display module 10. It can reduce the probability of the display module 10 failing due to film peeling off and improve the reliability of the display module 10.

[0072] In summary, the display module 10 provided in this application embodiment has the following features: the electrochromic structure 13 is disposed on the side of the touch structure 12 away from the substrate 111; the orthographic projection of the electrochromic structure 13 on the substrate 111 overlaps with the orthographic projection of the touch electrode layer 121 on the substrate 111; and the orthographic projection of the electrochromic structure 13 on the substrate 111 does not overlap with the orthographic projection of the sub-pixel 112 on the substrate 111; the electrochromic structure 13 is configured to convert to an opaque state when the sub-pixel 112 emits light, and to convert to a transparent state when the sub-pixel 112 stops emitting light. Thus, the orthographic projection of the electrochromic structure 13 onto the substrate 111 is located in the non-light-emitting area between the sub-pixels 112. The electrochromic structure 13 is configured to switch to an opaque state when the sub-pixels 112 emit light and to switch to a transparent state when the sub-pixels 112 stop emitting light. In this way, on the one hand, when the display module 10 is displaying normally, the electrochromic structure 13 switches to an opaque state when the sub-pixels 112 emit light. The electrochromic structure 13 does not affect the light emission of the sub-pixels 112. At the same time, the electrochromic structure 13 can block light at large angles, improve the crosstalk problem of large-angle light emission between adjacent sub-pixels 112, and improve visual comfort. The electrochromic structure 13 consumes power when the sub-pixels 112 emit light and does not require energy to maintain the transparent state at other times, thereby reducing the power consumption of the display module 10. On the other hand, the electrochromic structure 13 can shield the touch electrode layer 121, reducing the interference of the touch electrode layer 121 on light (such as diffraction and reflection), improving the display contrast of the display module 10, and enhancing the display effect of the display module 10. Furthermore, by using the electrochromic structure 13 instead of the light-shielding layer in related technologies, the electrochromic structure 13 has better adhesion to the underlying film layer, reducing the probability of display module 10 failure due to film peeling and improving the reliability of the display module 10.

[0073] In one embodiment, the orthographic projection of the electrochromic structure 13 onto the substrate 111 covers the non-display area 111b.

[0074] Therefore, when the display module 10 is displaying normally and the sub-pixel 112 emits light, the electrochromic structure 13 is converted to an opaque state. The electrochromic structure 13 can block reflected light or light leakage from the non-display area 111b. Especially in dark scenes or high dynamic range displays, it can prevent the metal traces or circuits of the non-display area 111b from reflecting ambient light, reduce bright edges or halo phenomena at the screen edges, improve the contrast and color performance of the display area 111a, and improve the display effect of the display module 10.

[0075] In one embodiment, see [reference] Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the touch structure 12 also includes a touch trace 122 disposed in the non-display area 111b, and the touch trace 122 is connected to the touch electrode layer 121; the orthographic projection of the touch trace 122 on the substrate 111 is located within the orthographic projection range of the electrochromic structure 13 on the substrate 111.

[0076] Therefore, the electrochromic structure 13 can block the touch trace 122 located in the non-display area 111b, reduce the reflection of light by the touch trace 122, reduce the brightness or halo phenomenon of the shielding edge, improve the contrast and color performance of the display area 111a, and improve the display effect of the display module 10.

[0077] In one embodiment, the touch trace 122 and the touch electrode layer 121 are disposed on different layers.

[0078] Therefore, the touch trace 122 and the touch electrode layer 121 can be isolated by an insulating layer, reducing parasitic capacitance and enhancing signal response speed. Additionally, a shielding layer can be inserted between the touch trace 122 and the touch electrode layer 121 to block interference from display drive signals or external noise. Furthermore, the touch trace 122 and the touch electrode layer 121 can be made of different materials; the touch trace 122 can be made of a low-cost, high-conductivity material, while the touch electrode layer 121 can be made of a transparent conductive material. This reduces the impact of the touch electrode layer 121 on light transmittance, improving the display clarity of the display module 10 while reducing its manufacturing cost.

[0079] In another embodiment, the touch trace 122 is disposed on the same layer as the touch electrode layer 121.

[0080] Therefore, the touch traces 122 and the touch electrode layer 121 can be fabricated simultaneously in the same process. That is, the traces can be fabricated at the same time as the touch electrode layer 121, thereby reducing the use of photomasks and the risk of alignment errors, lowering manufacturing costs, improving manufacturing yield and efficiency, and facilitating the reduction of the thickness of the display module 10. In addition, it can reduce the trace impedance, simplify the signal transmission path, and improve the touch effect.

[0081] In one embodiment, see [reference] Figure 4 As shown, the electrochromic structure 13 includes a first electrode 131, a color-changing layer 132, and a second electrode 133 stacked along a direction away from the substrate 111. The color-changing layer 132 is configured to switch between a transparent state and an opaque state based on the voltage between the first electrode 131 and the second electrode 133.

[0082] Therefore, by controlling the voltage between the first electrode 131 and the second electrode 133, the color-changing layer 132 can be switched between the transparent state and the opaque state, thereby facilitating the switching of the electrochromic structure 13 between the transparent state and the opaque state.

[0083] In one embodiment, see [reference] Figure 4 As shown, the color-changing layer 132 includes an ion storage layer, an ion conduction layer 1322, and an electrochromic layer 1323 stacked together.

[0084] It should be noted that both the first electrode 131 and the second electrode 133 can be transparent conductive layers. The materials of the first electrode 131 and the second electrode 133 include, but are not limited to, indium tin oxide (ITO), fluorine tin oxide (FTO), silver / copper nanowires, conductive polymers, metal-doped ITO / FTO, carbon nanorods, or graphene. The transparent conductive layers can be fabricated using photolithography, wet etching, laser direct writing, or other processes. Specifically, photolithography and wet etching include spin-coating photoresist → exposure → development → FeCl3 or HCl etching of ITO → photoresist removal.

[0085] The electrochromic layer 1323 undergoes an electrochemical redox reaction under an applied electric field, changing its color by gaining or losing electrons. The electrochromic layer 1323 can be made of inorganic or organic electrochromic materials. Inorganic electrochromic materials include tungsten trioxide, while organic electrochromic materials include polythiophene compounds and their derivatives, violetin compounds, tetrathiofulvalene, and metal phthalocyanine compounds. Inorganic electrochromic materials can be fabricated using sputtering and dry etching, or sol-gel and photolithography processes. Specifically, sputtering and dry etching include: magnetron sputtering of a full-film tungsten trioxide layer → coating with photoresist → exposure and development → reactive ion etching (RIE, CF4 / O2 plasma) → photoresist removal. Sol-gel and photolithography specifically involves inducing localized gelation through ultraviolet exposure, followed by solvent elution of unexposed areas. Organic electrochromic materials can be fabricated using inkjet printing, or electrochemical polymerization and masking processes.

[0086] The ion-conducting layer 1322, also known as the electrolyte layer, can be made of lithium salts, such as lithium fluoride. The ion-conducting layer 1322 can be fabricated using processes such as mask deposition or UV curing. Specifically, mask deposition involves depositing lithium phosphooxygenated (LiPON) using a metal mask or photoresist mask, followed by sputtering or atomic layer deposition (ALD). UV curing includes coating a photosensitive polymer precursor (such as PEGDA+LiTFSI) → UV exposure patterning → solvent cleaning of uncured areas.

[0087] The ion storage layer 1321 is used to provide or receive ions migrating during the color change process to maintain the electrical balance inside the electrochromic layer 1323. The material of the ion storage layer 1321 includes inorganic materials or organic materials. The manufacturing process of the inorganic material ion storage layer 1321 can be the same as that of the inorganic electrochromic material; the manufacturing process of the organic material ion storage layer 1321 can be the same as that of the organic electrochromic material.

[0088] In one embodiment, a driving circuit is also included, which is connected to the first electrode 131 and the second electrode 133; the driving circuit is configured to control the voltage between the first electrode 131 and the second electrode 133 to cause the color-changing layer 132 to switch between a transparent state and an opaque state.

[0089] Therefore, the electrochromic structure 13 can be easily controlled by the driving circuit.

[0090] It should be noted that the driving circuit can be the control circuit of the display panel 11, used to control the light emission of the display panel 11. This control circuit drives the electrochromic structure 13 to change its state, which helps improve integration. In other examples, the driving circuit can also be a circuit independent of the control circuit of the display panel 11.

[0091] In one embodiment, see [reference] Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the first electrode 131 is connected to the touch electrode layer 121; or, at least a portion of the touch electrode layer 121 is reused as the first electrode 131.

[0092] Therefore, the electrochromic structure 13 can be controlled by the control circuit of the touch structure 12, thereby improving the integration of the display module 10, reducing the manufacturing process of the display module 10, and improving the manufacturing efficiency of the display module 10.

[0093] In one example, the first electrode 131 can be connected to the touch electrode layer 121 via a via.

[0094] In another example, the first electrode 131 is in direct contact with the touch electrode layer 121. Specifically, the surface of the first electrode 131 closest to the substrate 111 is in contact with the surface of the touch electrode layer 121 furthest from the substrate 111.

[0095] In one embodiment, see Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the touch structure 12 also includes a touch trace 122 disposed in the non-display area 111b, the touch trace 122 being connected to the touch electrode layer 121; the touch trace 122 is multiplexed as a driving circuit, and the touch trace 122 is connected to the second electrode 133.

[0096] Therefore, the electrochromic structure 13 can be controlled by the touch wiring 122 without the need for a separate driving circuit, which improves the integration of the display module 10, reduces the manufacturing process of the display module 10, and improves the manufacturing efficiency of the display module 10.

[0097] In one embodiment, see [reference] Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, it also includes a touch chip 18, which is disposed on the side of the substrate 111 away from the touch structure 12, and is connected to the touch trace 122.

[0098] Therefore, the touch structure 12 and the electrochromic structure 13 can be controlled by the touch chip 18 and the touch wiring 122, eliminating the need for a separate driving circuit to control the electrochromic structure 13, thereby improving the integration of the display module 10, reducing the manufacturing steps of the display module 10, and increasing the manufacturing efficiency of the display module 10.

[0099] In one embodiment, see [reference] Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the touch electrode layer 121 includes a plurality of touch electrode blocks 1211 spaced apart; the first electrode 131 is connected to the touch electrode blocks 1211; or, the touch electrode blocks 1211 are reused as the first electrode 131.

[0100] It should be noted that in the embodiments of this application, each touch electrode block 1211 is both a driving electrode and a receiving electrode. The touch electrode block 1211 can achieve touch function through the self-capacitance principle with the assistance of other metal film layers on the display panel 11.

[0101] In one example, the first electrode 131 can be connected to the touch electrode block 1211 via a via.

[0102] In another example, the first electrode 131 is in direct contact with the touch electrode block 1211. Specifically, the surface of the first electrode 131 near the substrate 111 is in contact with the surface of the touch electrode block 1211 away from the substrate 111.

[0103] In one embodiment, see [reference] Figure 8 As shown, the orthographic projection of the touch electrode block 1211 onto the substrate 111 is in the form of a grid. That is, the touch electrode block 1211 has a grid-like structure. Specifically, the grid-like touch electrode block 1211 may have multiple mesh holes.

[0104] This avoids the touch electrode block 1211 blocking the light of the sub-pixel 112, improves the overall light transmittance of the display module 10, and enhances the display effect of the display module 10.

[0105] In one embodiment, see [reference] Figure 6 As shown, multiple touch electrode blocks 1211 are arranged in rows along a first direction X and in columns along a second direction Y intersecting the first direction X; both the first direction X and the second direction Y are perpendicular to the thickness direction of the substrate 111.

[0106] This allows the touch electrode blocks 1211 to be distributed more evenly, thereby improving the touch accuracy of the display module 10.

[0107] In one embodiment, the touch trace 122 is disposed on the same layer as the touch electrode block 1211.

[0108] Therefore, the touch electrodes can be fabricated simultaneously when the touch electrode block 1211 is fabricated, which can reduce the use of mask and the risk of alignment error, reduce manufacturing costs, improve manufacturing yield and efficiency, and facilitate the reduction of the thickness of the display module 10.

[0109] In one embodiment, see [reference] Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 7 As shown, the touch electrode layer 121 includes a plurality of touch electrode units 1212 spaced apart. Each touch electrode unit 1212 includes a first touch electrode 1212a and a second touch electrode 1212b. The first touch electrode 1212a and the second touch electrode 1212b are spaced apart and electrically insulated from each other. One of the first touch electrode 1212a and the second touch electrode 1212b is a transmitting electrode, and the other is a receiving electrode. One of the first touch electrode 1212a and the second touch electrode 1212b is connected to the first electrode 131. Alternatively, one of the first touch electrode 1212a and the second touch electrode 1212b can be reused as the first electrode 131.

[0110] Therefore, by setting multiple touch electrode units 1212, each including a first touch electrode 1212a and a second touch electrode 1212b, where one of the first touch electrode 1212a and the second touch electrode 1212b is a transmitting electrode and the other is a receiving electrode, the thickness of the display module 10 can be reduced while improving the touch precision and accuracy of the display module 10. By connecting one of the first touch electrode 1212a and the second touch electrode 1212b to the first electrode 131; or by reusing one of the first touch electrode 1212a and the second touch electrode 1212b as the first electrode 131, the electrochromic structure 13 can be controlled by the control circuit of the touch structure 12, thereby improving the integration of the display module 10, reducing the manufacturing steps of the display module 10, and improving the manufacturing efficiency of the display module 10.

[0111] In one example, the first electrode 131 can be connected to one of the first touch electrode 1212a and the second touch electrode 1212b via a via.

[0112] In another example, the first electrode 131 is in direct contact with one of the first touch electrode 1212a and the second touch electrode 1212b. Specifically, the surface of the first electrode 131 near the substrate 111 is in contact with the surface of one of the first touch electrode 1212a and the second touch electrode 1212b away from the substrate 111.

[0113] In one embodiment, see [reference] Figure 7 As shown, there are multiple first touch electrodes 1212a and multiple second touch electrodes 1212b. The first touch electrodes 1212a and the second touch electrodes 1212b are arranged alternately along the first direction X and alternately along the second direction Y. The first direction X and the second direction Y intersect and are both perpendicular to the thickness direction of the substrate 111.

[0114] This increases the mutual capacitance between the first touch electrode 1212a and the second touch electrode 1212b, making the mutual capacitance electric field lines more uniform and improving the resolution and accuracy of touch position detection.

[0115] In one embodiment, see [reference] Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the touch structure 12 includes a bridging layer 123, and the first touch electrode 1212a or the second touch electrode 1212b in the touch electrode unit 1212 is electrically connected to the bridging layer 123; the bridging layer 123 and the touch electrode layer 121 are disposed in different layers.

[0116] This avoids short circuits between the first touch electrode 1212a and the second touch electrode 1212b, ensuring the implementation of the touch function. Furthermore, the touch electrode layer 121 and the bridging layer 123 can be fabricated independently (either by fabricating the bridging layer 123 first, depositing the insulating layer, and then fabricating the touch electrode layer 121; or by fabricating the touch electrode layer 121 first, depositing the insulating layer, and then fabricating the bridging layer 123), simplifying the patterning process, reducing the number of photolithography steps, and lowering mask costs and process complexity.

[0117] In one embodiment, see [reference] Figure 8 As shown, the orthographic projection of the first touch electrode 1212a onto the substrate 111 is a grid pattern. That is, the first touch electrode 1212a has a grid-like structure. Specifically, the grid-like first touch electrode 1212a may have multiple mesh openings. In one example, a sub-pixel 112 is disposed in the same mesh opening. In another example, multiple sub-pixels 112 are disposed in the same mesh opening. This application embodiment does not impose any limitations on this.

[0118] In one embodiment, see [reference] Figure 8 As shown, the orthographic projection of the second touch electrode 1212b onto the substrate 111 is a grid pattern. That is, the second touch electrode 1212b has a grid-like structure. Specifically, the grid-like second touch electrode 1212b can have multiple mesh openings. In one example, a sub-pixel 112 is disposed in the same mesh opening. In another example, multiple sub-pixels 112 are disposed in the same mesh opening. This application embodiment does not impose any limitations on this.

[0119] In one embodiment, the touch trace 122 is disposed on the same layer as the touch electrode layer 121, or the touch trace 122 is disposed on the same layer as the bridging layer 123.

[0120] In this way, the touch traces 122 can be fabricated simultaneously when fabricating the touch electrode layer 121 or the bridging layer 123, thereby reducing the use of photomasks and the risk of alignment errors, reducing manufacturing costs, improving manufacturing yield and efficiency, and facilitating the reduction of the thickness of the display module 10.

[0121] In one embodiment, the light transmittance of the electrochromic structure 13 in the transparent state is above 25%. Specifically, the light transmittance of the electrochromic structure 13 in the transparent state can be any value between 25%, 35%, 45%, 60%, 70%, 80%, or 25%-100%.

[0122] In one embodiment, the transmittance of the first electrode 131 is above 60%. Specifically, the transmittance of the first electrode 131 can be any value between 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, or 60%-100%, to ensure that the transmittance of the electrochromic structure 13 in the transparent state is above 25%.

[0123] In one embodiment, the transmittance of the second electrode 133 is above 60%. Specifically, the transmittance of the second electrode 133 can be any value between 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, or 60%-100%, to ensure that the transmittance of the electrochromic structure 13 in the transparent state is above 25%.

[0124] In one embodiment, the transmittance of the color-changing layer 132 in the light-transmitting state is above 60%. Specifically, the transmittance of the color-changing layer 132 can be any value between 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, or 60%-100%, to ensure that the transmittance of the electrochromic structure 13 in the light-transmitting state is above 25%.

[0125] In one embodiment, see [reference] Figure 5 As shown, the display panel 11 also includes an encapsulation structure 113, which covers a plurality of sub-pixels 112; the touch structure 12 is located on the side of the encapsulation structure 113 away from the substrate 111.

[0126] Therefore, the encapsulation structure 113 can be used to encapsulate and protect multiple sub-pixels 112, reducing the probability of sub-pixels 112 failing due to moisture erosion and improving the display effect of the display module 10. The touch structure 12 is located on the side of the encapsulation structure 113 away from the substrate 111. In this way, the manufacturing process of the touch structure 12 is completely independent from that of the display panel 11, avoiding the complex process adjustments required to integrate the touch into the display panel 11; it allows the touch signal and the display driving signal to be processed in layers, reducing electromagnetic crosstalk; the touch structure 12 is close to the side operated by the user's finger, shortening the sensing distance and improving the signal-to-noise ratio and edge touch accuracy; it can avoid light loss caused by multi-layer refraction when the touch structure 12 is embedded inside the display panel 11.

[0127] It should be noted that, for reference Figure 5 As shown, the encapsulation structure 113 may include multiple layers of inorganic encapsulation layers 1131 stacked together, and at least one organic encapsulation layer 1132 is provided between adjacent inorganic encapsulation layers 1131.

[0128] In one embodiment, see [reference] Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the display module 10 also includes a first insulating layer 14, which is disposed between the touch structure 12 and the encapsulation structure 113. Further, the first insulating layer 14 is an inorganic layer.

[0129] In one embodiment, the refractive index of the first insulating layer 14 may be greater than the refractive index of the inorganic encapsulation layer 1131 in the encapsulation structure 113. This reduces the reflection of light emitted from the sub-pixel 112 at the interface between the first insulating layer 14 and the encapsulation structure 113, improving light extraction efficiency and thus helping to reduce the power consumption of the display module 10.

[0130] In one embodiment, see [reference] Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the display module 10 also includes a polarizer 15 and a cover plate 16; the polarizer 15 is disposed on the side of the electrochromic structure 13 away from the substrate 111; at least one optical adhesive layer 17 is disposed between the polarizer 15 and the electrochromic structure 13; the cover plate 16 is disposed on the side of the polarizer 15 away from the substrate 111; at least one optical adhesive layer 17 is disposed between the cover plate 16 and the polarizer 15.

[0131] Therefore, by setting up the polarizer 15 and the cover plate 16, and using a multilayer optical adhesive layer 17 to bond the electrochromic structure 13, the polarizer 15, and the cover plate 16 together, on the one hand, the reflection of ambient light can be reduced, the display contrast can be improved, and the glare caused by the reflection of ambient light can be reduced; on the other hand, moisture can be effectively blocked, reducing the impact of moisture on the film layer of the cover plate 16 near the substrate 111, and improving the reliability of the display module 10. In addition, the impact resistance of the display module 10 can be improved, and the service life of the display module 10 can be extended.

[0132] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a method for manufacturing a display module 10, comprising:

[0133] A substrate 111 is provided, and a plurality of sub-pixels 112 are formed on one side of the substrate 111 at intervals. The substrate 111 includes a display area 111a and a non-display area 111b. The orthographic projection of the plurality of sub-pixels 112 on the substrate 111 is located in the display area 111a, which includes the substrate 111 and the plurality of sub-pixels 112 at intervals on one side of the substrate 111.

[0134] A touch structure 12 is formed on the side of the plurality of sub-pixels 112 away from the substrate 111. The touch structure 12 includes a touch electrode layer 121 disposed on the side of the plurality of sub-pixels 112 away from the substrate 111. At least a portion of the orthographic projection of the touch electrode layer 121 onto the substrate 111 is located in the display area 111a. The orthographic projection of the touch electrode layer 121 onto the substrate 111 is in the form of a grid. The orthographic projection of the sub-pixels 112 onto the substrate 111 is located within the mesh of the grid.

[0135] An electrochromic structure 13 is formed on the side of the touch structure 12 away from the substrate 111. The orthographic projection of the electrochromic structure 13 on the substrate 111 overlaps with the orthographic projection of the touch electrode layer 121 on the substrate 111. The orthographic projection of the electrochromic structure 13 on the substrate 111 does not overlap with the orthographic projection of the sub-pixel 112 on the substrate 111. The electrochromic structure 13 is configured to convert to an opaque state when the sub-pixel 112 emits light and to convert to a transparent state when the sub-pixel 112 stops emitting light.

[0136] The method for manufacturing the display module 10 provided in this application embodiment involves forming an electrochromic film layer on the side of the touch structure 12 away from the substrate 111, and patterning the electrochromic film layer to obtain an electrochromic structure 13. The orthographic projection of the electrochromic structure 13 on the substrate 111 overlaps with the orthographic projection of the touch electrode layer 121 on the substrate 111; and the orthographic projection of the electrochromic structure 13 on the substrate 111 does not overlap with the orthographic projection of the sub-pixel 112 on the substrate 111. The electrochromic structure 13 is configured to convert to an opaque state when the sub-pixel 112 emits light, and to convert to a transparent state when the sub-pixel 112 stops emitting light. Thus, on the one hand, when the display module 10 is displaying normally and the sub-pixels 112 emit light, the electrochromic structure 13 switches to an opaque state. While not affecting the light emission of the sub-pixels 112, the electrochromic structure 13 can block large-angle light, improving crosstalk between adjacent sub-pixels 112 and enhancing visual comfort. The electrochromic structure 13 consumes power when the sub-pixels 112 emit light, but remains transparent at other times without requiring energy, thereby reducing the power consumption of the display module 10. On the other hand, the electrochromic structure 13 can block the touch electrode layer 121, reducing interference (such as diffraction and reflection) of the touch electrode layer 121 on light, improving the display contrast of the display module 10, and enhancing the display effect of the display module 10. In addition, as mentioned above, since the thickness of each layer in the electrochromic structure 13 is relatively thin, even if patterning is performed using an exposure and development process, incomplete exposure will not occur. This allows the electrochromic structure 13 to have a better bond with the underlying film layer, reducing the probability of the electrochromic structure 13 peeling off. This can reduce the probability of the display module 10 failing due to film peeling and improve the reliability of the display module 10.

[0137] Thirdly, see Figure 9 As shown, this application provides a display device 1, including the display module 10 in any of the above embodiments. This improves the display effect and reliability of the display device 1.

[0138] The display device 1 can be a laptop computer, mobile phone, wireless device, personal digital assistant (PDA), handheld or portable computer, GPS receiver / navigator, camera, MP4 video player, camcorder, game console, watch, clock, calculator, TV monitor, flat panel display, computer monitor, car display (e.g., odometer display, etc.), navigator, cockpit controller and / or display, camera view display (e.g., display of a rearview camera in a vehicle), electronic photograph, electronic billboard or sign, projector, etc.

[0139] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0140] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A display module, characterized in that, include: A display panel includes a substrate and a plurality of sub-pixels spaced apart on one side of the substrate; the substrate includes a display area and a non-display area, and the orthographic projection of the plurality of sub-pixels on the substrate is located in the display area; A touch structure includes a touch electrode layer; the touch electrode layer is disposed on the side of the plurality of sub-pixels away from the substrate; at least a portion of the orthographic projection of the touch electrode layer on the substrate is located in the display area; the orthographic projection of the touch electrode layer on the substrate is in the form of a grid; the orthographic projection of the sub-pixels on the substrate is located within the mesh of the grid. An electrochromic structure is disposed on the side of the touch structure away from the substrate; the orthographic projection of the electrochromic structure on the substrate overlaps with the orthographic projection of the touch electrode layer on the substrate; and the orthographic projection of the electrochromic structure on the substrate does not overlap with the orthographic projection of the sub-pixel on the substrate. The electrochromic structure is configured to switch to an opaque state when the sub-pixel emits light and to switch to a transparent state when the sub-pixel stops emitting light.

2. The display module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The orthographic projection of the electrochromic structure onto the substrate covers the non-display area; Optionally, the touch structure further includes touch traces disposed in the non-display area, the touch traces being connected to the touch electrode layer; the orthographic projection of the touch traces on the substrate is located within the orthographic projection range of the electrochromic structure on the substrate; Optionally, the touch traces and the touch electrode layer are disposed on different layers or on the same layer.

3. The display module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrochromic structure includes a first electrode, a color-changing layer, and a second electrode stacked along a direction away from the substrate. The color-changing layer is configured to switch between the transparent state and the opaque state based on the voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode. Optionally, the color-changing layer includes an ion storage layer, an ion conduction layer, and an electrochromic layer stacked together; Optionally, it further includes a driving circuit connected to the first electrode and the second electrode; the driving circuit is configured to control the voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode to cause the color-changing layer to switch between the transparent state and the opaque state.

4. The display module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first electrode is connected to the touch electrode layer; or, at least a portion of the touch electrode layer is reused as the first electrode. Optionally, the surface of the first electrode near the substrate is in contact with the surface of the touch electrode layer away from the substrate; Optionally, the touch structure further includes touch traces disposed in the non-display area, the touch traces being connected to the touch electrode layer; the touch traces are multiplexed as the driving circuit, and the touch traces are connected to the second electrode; Optionally, the system also includes a touch chip, which is disposed on the side of the substrate away from the touch structure, and is connected to the touch traces.

5. The display module according to claim 4, characterized in that, The touch electrode layer includes a plurality of touch electrode blocks spaced apart; the first electrode is connected to the touch electrode blocks; or, the touch electrode blocks are reused as the first electrode. Optionally, the surface of the first electrode closer to the substrate is in contact with the surface of the touch electrode block away from the substrate; Optionally, the orthographic projection of the touch electrode block on the substrate is in the form of a grid. Optionally, the plurality of touch electrode blocks are arranged in a row along a first direction and in a column along a second direction intersecting the first direction; both the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to the thickness direction of the substrate. Optionally, the touch traces are disposed on the same layer as the touch electrode block.

6. The display module according to claim 4, characterized in that, The touch electrode layer includes a plurality of touch electrode units spaced apart, each touch electrode unit including a first touch electrode and a second touch electrode; the first touch electrode and the second touch electrode are spaced apart and electrically insulated; one of the first touch electrode and the second touch electrode is a transmitting electrode, and the other is a receiving electrode; one of the first touch electrode and the second touch electrode is connected to the first electrode; or, one of the first touch electrode and the second touch electrode is reused as the first electrode; Optionally, the surface of the first electrode near the substrate is in contact with the surface of the first touch electrode away from the substrate; or, the surface of the first electrode near the substrate is in contact with the surface of the second touch electrode away from the substrate. Optionally, there are multiple first touch electrodes and multiple second touch electrodes. The first touch electrodes and the second touch electrodes are arranged alternately along a first direction and alternately along a second direction. The first direction and the second direction intersect and are both perpendicular to the thickness direction of the substrate. Optionally, the touch structure includes a bridging layer, and the first touch electrode or the second touch electrode in the touch electrode unit is electrically connected to the bridging layer; the bridging layer and the touch electrode layer are disposed in different layers; Optionally, the orthographic projection of the first touch electrode on the substrate is in the form of a grid. Optionally, the orthographic projection of the second touch electrode on the substrate is in the form of a grid. Optionally, the touch traces are disposed on the same layer as the touch electrode layer, or the touch traces are disposed on the same layer as the bridging layer.

7. The display module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The light transmittance of the electrochromic structure in the light-transmitting state is above 25%; Optionally, the transmittance of the first electrode is above 60%; Optionally, the transmittance of the second electrode is above 60%; Optionally, the transmittance of the color-changing layer in the light-transmitting state is above 60%.

8. The display module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The display panel further includes an encapsulation structure that covers the plurality of sub-pixels; the touch structure is located on the side of the encapsulation structure away from the substrate; Optionally, the display module further includes a first insulating layer disposed between the touch structure and the packaging structure; Optionally, the first insulating layer is an inorganic layer; Optionally, the display module further includes a polarizer and a cover plate; the polarizer is disposed on the side of the electrochromic structure away from the substrate; at least one optical adhesive layer is disposed between the polarizer and the electrochromic structure; the cover plate is disposed on the side of the polarizer away from the substrate; at least one optical adhesive layer is disposed between the cover plate and the polarizer.

9. A method for manufacturing a display module, characterized in that, include: A substrate is provided, and a plurality of sub-pixels are formed on one side of the substrate at intervals; the substrate includes a display area and a non-display area, and the orthographic projection of the plurality of sub-pixels on the substrate is located in the display area, which includes the substrate and the plurality of sub-pixels spaced apart on one side of the substrate; A touch structure is formed on the side of the plurality of sub-pixels away from the substrate. The touch structure includes a touch electrode layer disposed on the side of the plurality of sub-pixels away from the substrate. At least a portion of the orthographic projection of the touch electrode layer on the substrate is located in the display area. The orthographic projection of the touch electrode layer on the substrate is in the shape of a grid. The orthographic projection of the sub-pixels on the substrate is located within the mesh of the grid. An electrochromic structure is formed on the side of the touch structure away from the substrate. The orthographic projection of the electrochromic structure on the substrate overlaps with the orthographic projection of the touch electrode layer on the substrate. The orthographic projection of the electrochromic structure on the substrate does not overlap with the orthographic projection of the sub-pixel on the substrate. The electrochromic structure is configured to switch to an opaque state when the sub-pixel emits light and to switch to a transparent state when the sub-pixel stops emitting light.

10. A display device, characterized in that, Includes the display module according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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