Display device

Abstract

A display device includes a substrate having a light emitting region and a non-light emitting region; a thin film transistor located above the substrate and including a gate electrode, an active layer, a source electrode, and a drain electrode; a light emitting diode located in the light emitting region on the thin film transistor and including a first electrode, a light emitting layer, and a second electrode; a bank located in the non-light emitting region above the thin film transistor and disposed between the first electrode and the light emitting layer; a control pattern located on the light emitting diode and the bank and corresponding to the light emitting region; and a lens located on the control pattern and corresponding to the light emitting region, wherein the control pattern corresponds one-to-one to the lens and forms a step under the lens.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to a display device, and more specifically, to a display device capable of selectively limiting the viewing angle. Background Technology

[0002] With the advancement of the information society, the demand for different types of display devices has increased, and flat panel displays (FPDs) such as liquid crystal displays (LCDs) and organic light-emitting diode displays (OLEDs) have been developed and applied in various fields.

[0003] In flat panel display devices, organic light-emitting diode (OLED) displays (also known as organic electroluminescent displays) emit light due to the radiative recombination of excitons. Excitons are formed by electrons and holes by injecting charge into the light-emitting layer between the cathode (for injecting electrons) and the anode (for injecting holes) in the OLED.

[0004] Organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display devices can be formed on flexible substrates (e.g., plastics), offering a variety of advantages and improved performance. For example, because they are self-emissive, OLED displays offer excellent contrast and ultra-thin thickness, and have response times of a few microseconds. Therefore, they offer advantages in displaying moving images and videos without delay.

[0005] In addition, organic light-emitting diode (OLED) displays offer wide viewing angles and are stable at low temperatures. Furthermore, since OLED displays are typically driven by low-voltage (e.g., 5V to 15V) direct current (DC), the drive circuitry for OLED displays is easy to design and manufacture.

[0006] The descriptions provided in the background section should not be assumed to be prior art simply because they are mentioned or associated with in that section. The background section may include information describing one or more aspects of the subject matter art, and the descriptions in this section do not limit this disclosure. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Although there is no limitation on the viewing angle of organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display devices, there has been a recent desire to restrict the viewing angle due to privacy and information protection concerns.

[0008] For example, devices such as bank ATMs, car navigation systems, laptops, and tablets require restrictions on viewing angles in the left, right, up, and down directions for privacy protection.

[0009] Therefore, embodiments of this disclosure relate to display devices that substantially eliminate one or more problems caused by limitations and disadvantages of related technologies.

[0010] One aspect of this disclosure is to provide a display device capable of selectively limiting the viewing angle.

[0011] Another aspect of this disclosure is to provide a display device that can improve reliability.

[0012] Further features and aspects will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practice of the inventive concept provided herein. Other features and aspects of the inventive concept may be realized and obtained by means of structures particularly pointed out in the written description, or may be deduced from the written description, and may be realized and obtained by means of the claims and the drawings.

[0013] To realize these and other aspects of the present invention, as implemented and broadly described herein, a display device includes: a substrate having a light-emitting region and a non-light-emitting region; a thin-film transistor located above the substrate and including a gate electrode, an active layer, a source electrode, and a drain electrode; a light-emitting diode located in the light-emitting region on the thin-film transistor and including a first electrode, a light-emitting layer, and a second electrode; a dam located in the non-light-emitting region above the thin-film transistor and disposed between the first electrode and the light-emitting layer; a control pattern located on the light-emitting diode and the dam and corresponding to the light-emitting region; and a lens located above the control pattern and corresponding to the light-emitting region, wherein the control pattern corresponds one-to-one with the lens and forms a step below the lens.

[0014] It should be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and illustrative, and are intended to provide further explanation of the claimed inventive concept. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of this disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application. The drawings illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the various principles of the disclosure. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic plan view of a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 3 This is a schematic enlarged cross-sectional view of a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figures 4A to 4C This is a schematic enlarged cross-sectional view of the display device according to embodiments of the present disclosure during the lens formation step and the reliability test step. Figures 5A to 5CThis is a schematic enlarged cross-sectional view of the display device according to the comparative example during the lens formation step and the reliability test execution step. Figure 6 This is a schematic enlarged cross-sectional view of a display device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure; and Figure 7 This is a schematic enlarged cross-sectional view of a display device according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0016] For functional purposes, the terminology used in the embodiments of this disclosure has been selected from widely used current terminology. However, these terms may vary depending on the intent of those skilled in the art, precedents, the emergence of technology, etc. In certain cases, the applicant may arbitrarily choose terms, in which case their meanings will be described in detail in the relevant specification. Therefore, the terms used in this disclosure should not be based simply on their names, but rather on their meanings and the overall context of this disclosure.

[0017] When a part of this disclosure is referred to as "including" a component, this does not exclude other components, but rather implies the inclusion of other components, unless otherwise specifically stated.

[0018] The expression "at least one of a, b, and c" throughout this disclosure can include "a alone," "b alone," "c alone," "a and b," "a and c," "b and c," or "all of a, b, and c." The advantages and features of this disclosure, as well as the methods for implementing them, will become apparent from the following detailed description of embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

[0019] The shapes, areas, proportions, angles, quantities, etc., disclosed in the accompanying drawings used to explain the embodiments of this document are illustrative and are not limited to the embodiments shown. In describing embodiments, detailed descriptions of related known technologies are omitted if they are deemed to unnecessarily obscure the essence of the embodiments.

[0020] When used herein, terms such as “comprising,” “having,” and “consisting of” may be used to indicate that additional components may be added. When a component is expressed in the singular, the plural is also included, unless otherwise expressly stated. Furthermore, when interpreting components, a range of errors is assumed to be included, even if not explicitly stated.

[0021] When describing positional relationships, for example, when using terms such as “above,” “over,” “below,” or “adjacent” to describe the positional relationship between two parts, one or more other components may be located between the two parts. When an element or layer is referred to as being “on” another element or layer, this includes both cases where the other element is directly on top of the other element or where the other layer or another element is inserted therein.

[0022] Although terms such as "first" and "second" are used to describe various components, these components are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one component from another. Therefore, the "first" component mentioned below can also be the "second" component within the scope of this disclosure.

[0023] For ease of illustration, the area, length, or thickness of each component described in this disclosure is shown, and this disclosure is not necessarily limited to the area and thickness of the components shown.

[0024] Features of each embodiment in the various embodiments of this disclosure can be combined partially or completely, or combined with each other, to enable various technical interlocks and operations. Each embodiment can be implemented independently of each other, or can be implemented together in a related manner.

[0025] The terms described below are defined based on their function in the implementation of this disclosure and may vary depending on the intent or habits of the user or operator. Therefore, their definitions should be based on the entirety of this disclosure.

[0026] Unless otherwise specified, the transistors constituting the pixel circuitry of this disclosure may include one or more of oxide thin-film transistors (oxide TFTs), amorphous silicon TFTs (a-Si TFTs), or low-temperature polycrystalline silicon TFTs (LTPS TFTs).

[0027] The following embodiments are described focusing on organic light-emitting diode (OLED) displays. However, the embodiments of this disclosure are not limited to organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display devices, and can also be applied to inorganic light-emitting diode display devices and micro-LED display devices that include inorganic light-emitting materials. For example, the embodiments of this disclosure can also be applied to quantum dot (QD) display devices. That is, the display devices of this disclosure can be light-emitting display devices including light-emitting diodes, quantum dot light-emitting display devices including quantum dot light-emitting diodes, or micro-LED display devices including micro-LEDs.

[0028] Terms such as "first," "second," and "third" are used to distinguish the configurations of the implementation, and the implementation is not limited to these terms. Therefore, the same term may refer to different configurations depending on the implementation.

[0029] Any implementation described in this article as an "example" is not necessarily to be interpreted as preferred or advantageous over other implementations.

[0030] When describing temporal relationships, when the temporal order is described as such as "after", "following", "next" and "before", discontinuous situations may be included unless more restrictive terms such as "exactly", "immediately" or "directly" are used.

[0031] The expressions "first element," "second element," and " / or" "third element" should be understood as one of the first element, the second element, and the third element, or any or all combinations of the first element, the second element, and the third element. For example, A, B, and / or C can refer to only A; only B; only C; any or some combinations of A, B, and C; or all of A, B, and C.

[0032] In the following, examples of embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic plan view of a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, the display device 100 according to embodiments of the present disclosure may include a plurality of pixels, and each pixel may include a plurality of sub-pixels SP1, SP2 and SP3. For example, each pixel may include a first sub-pixel SP1, a second sub-pixel SP2 and a third sub-pixel SP3, and the first sub-pixel SP1, the second sub-pixel SP2 and the third sub-pixel SP3 may be a red sub-pixel, a green sub-pixel and a blue sub-pixel, respectively.

[0035] The third sub-pixel SP3 can be arranged adjacent to the first sub-pixel SP1 and the second sub-pixel SP2 in the first direction X. The first sub-pixel SP1 and the second sub-pixel SP2 can be arranged adjacent to each other in the second direction Y, which intersects the first direction X.

[0036] Therefore, the third sub-pixel SP3 can be positioned between adjacent first sub-pixels SP1 in the first direction X and between adjacent second sub-pixels SP2 in the first direction X. The first sub-pixels SP1 and the second sub-pixels SP2 can be positioned between adjacent third sub-pixels SP3 in the first direction X.

[0037] In addition, the second sub-pixel SP2 can be set between the first sub-pixels SP1 adjacent to each other in the second direction Y, and the first sub-pixels SP1 can be set between the second sub-pixels SP2 adjacent to each other in the second direction Y.

[0038] However, the embodiments disclosed herein are not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the arrangement of the first sub-pixel SP1, the second sub-pixel SP2, and the third sub-pixel SP3 may be changed.

[0039] Each of the first sub-pixel SP1, the second sub-pixel SP2, and the third sub-pixel SP3 may include at least one first light-emitting region EA1 and at least one second light-emitting region EA2. For example, each of the first sub-pixel SP1 and the second sub-pixel SP2 may include one first light-emitting region EA1 and one second light-emitting region EA2, and the third sub-pixel SP3 may include two first light-emitting regions EA1 and one second light-emitting region EA2.

[0040] Here, the first light-emitting region EA1 of the first sub-pixel SP1 and the second sub-pixel SP2 can be disposed between the second light-emitting regions EA2 of the first sub-pixel SP1 and the second sub-pixel SP2 in the second direction Y, and the second light-emitting region EA2 of the third sub-pixel SP3 can be disposed between the two first light-emitting regions EA1 of the third sub-pixel SP3 in the second direction Y. Furthermore, the first light-emitting region EA1 of the first sub-pixel SP1 can be disposed adjacent to one of the first light-emitting regions EA1 of the third sub-pixel SP3 in the first direction X, and the first light-emitting region EA1 of the second sub-pixel SP2 can be disposed adjacent to the other first light-emitting region EA1 of the third sub-pixel SP3 in the first direction X.

[0041] However, the embodiments disclosed herein are not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the first sub-pixel SP1, the second sub-pixel SP2, and the third sub-pixel SP3 may include the same number of first light-emitting regions EA1 or different numbers of first light-emitting regions EA1.

[0042] The first light-emitting region EA1 and the second light-emitting region EA2 may have different areas. In this case, the area of ​​the second light-emitting region EA2 may be larger than the area of ​​the first light-emitting region EA1. However, the embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the first light-emitting region EA1 and the second light-emitting region EA2 may have the same area, or the area of ​​the first light-emitting region EA1 may be larger than the area of ​​the second light-emitting region EA2.

[0043] The first light-emitting area EA1 of the first sub-pixel SP1, the second sub-pixel SP2, and the third sub-pixel SP3 can be rhomboid in shape, and the second light-emitting area EA2 of the first sub-pixel SP1, the second sub-pixel SP2, and the third sub-pixel SP3 can be hexagonal in shape. However, the embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the first light-emitting area EA1 and the second light-emitting area EA2 can have polygonal shapes, circular shapes, or elliptical shapes other than rhomboid and hexagonal shapes.

[0044] Lens 174 can be configured to correspond to the first light-emitting region EA1 and the second light-emitting region EA2, respectively. Lens 174 can be a semi-cylindrical lens extending in the first direction X and spaced apart from each other. In this case, the first light-emitting region EA1 and the second light-emitting region EA2 can correspond to different lenses 174.

[0045] Specifically, one lens 174 can be configured to correspond to the first light-emitting region EA1 of the first sub-pixel SP1 and the first light-emitting region EA1 of the third sub-pixel SP3, which are adjacent to each other in the first direction X. Another lens 174 can be configured to correspond to the first light-emitting region EA1 of the second sub-pixel SP2 and the first light-emitting region EA1 of the third sub-pixel SP3, which are adjacent to each other in the first direction X. Other lenses 174 can be configured to correspond to the second light-emitting regions EA2 of the first sub-pixel SP1, the second sub-pixel SP2, and the third sub-pixel SP3, respectively. Therefore, five lenses 174 can be provided to correspond to the first sub-pixel SP1, the second sub-pixel SP2, and the third sub-pixel SP3 of a pixel. However, embodiments of this disclosure are not limited to this, and the number and arrangement of the lenses 174 can vary.

[0046] In addition, the black matrix 152 and the sensor layer 162 can be disposed between the first light-emitting area EA1 and the second light-emitting area EA2 and the lens 174.

[0047] The black matrix 152 and the sensor layer 162 can be used as light blocking layers to block light, and can be disposed between adjacent sub-pixels SP1, SP2 and SP3 and between adjacent first light-emitting area EA1 and second light-emitting area EA2.

[0048] The sensor layer 162 may extend in a first direction X and / or a second direction Y to form sensing electrodes. The sensing electrodes may include transmitter electrodes and receiver electrodes, and touch input can be detected based on the amount of change in capacitance between the transmitter electrodes and the receiver electrodes.

[0049] Reference Figure 2 The cross-sectional configuration of a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is described.

[0050] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and shows a view with... Figure 1 The cross section corresponding to line I-I'.

[0051] like Figure 2 As shown, the display device 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may include a display panel DP, a light control panel LP, and a polarizing plate PO.

[0052] The display panel DP may include multiple sub-pixels SP1, SP2, and SP3, and each of the multiple sub-pixels SP1, SP2, and SP3 may include light-emitting areas EA1 and EA2 and a non-light-emitting area NEA. Thin-film transistors TR and light-emitting diodes De may be disposed above the substrate 110 of the display panel DP, and the light-emitting diodes De may be configured to correspond to the light-emitting areas EA1 and EA2.

[0053] The light control panel LP may include a black matrix 152, a sensor layer 162, and a lens 174. Light emitted from the light-emitting diodes De of the display panel DP can be output to the outside through the lens 174 of the light control panel LP, thereby being focused in the forward direction, and the viewing angle can be limited by the black matrix 152 and the sensor layer 162.

[0054] In addition, the polarizing plate PO can prevent or reduce external light from being reflected by the display panel DP and output to the outside.

[0055] Specifically, the substrate 110 of the display panel DP can be formed of a transparent insulating material, and can be, for example, a glass substrate or a plastic substrate. Polyimide can be used for the plastic substrate, and the plastic substrate can have a laminated structure including at least one polyimide layer and at least one inorganic layer. However, embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0056] A buffer layer 111 may be disposed above the substrate 110. The buffer layer 111 may be substantially disposed above the entire substrate 110. The buffer layer 111 may be formed as a single layer or multiple layers of inorganic insulating material. The inorganic insulating material of the buffer layer 111 may include silicon nitride (SiNx), silicon oxide (SiOx), or silicon oxide nitride (SiON).

[0057] Semiconductor layer 122 may be disposed above buffer layer 111. Semiconductor layer 122 may include a channel region located in its central portion and source and drain regions located on both sides of the channel region. Semiconductor layer 122 may be formed of an oxide semiconductor material. Alternatively, semiconductor layer 122 may be formed of polysilicon, and in this case, the two ends of semiconductor layer 122 may be doped with impurities.

[0058] Furthermore, although not shown in the figure, a light-shielding pattern may be provided between the substrate 110 and the buffer layer 111, and the light-shielding pattern may be formed of a conductive material such as metal. The light-shielding pattern may overlap with the semiconductor layer 122 and may block light incident on the semiconductor layer 122, thereby reducing or preventing or minimizing the degradation of the semiconductor layer 122 due to light.

[0059] A gate insulating layer 112 may be disposed above the semiconductor layer 122. The gate insulating layer 112 may be substantially disposed on the entire substrate 110. The gate insulating layer 112 may be formed as a single layer or multiple layers of inorganic insulating material. The inorganic insulating material of the gate insulating layer 112 may include silicon nitride (SiNx), silicon oxide (SiOx), or silicon oxide nitride (SiON).

[0060] The gate electrode 124 can be disposed on the gate insulating layer 112. The gate electrode 124 can overlap with the semiconductor layer 122 and can be configured to correspond to the central portion of the semiconductor layer 122. Therefore, the gate electrode 124 can overlap with the channel region of the semiconductor layer 122.

[0061] The gate electrode 124 can be formed of a conductive material such as a metal. For example, the gate electrode 124 can be formed of one or more of the following: aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), molybdenum (Mo), titanium (Ti), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), tungsten (W), and alloys thereof. The gate electrode 124 can have a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure.

[0062] Although not shown in the figure, the first capacitor electrode may also be disposed above the gate insulating layer 112 and may be formed of the same material as the gate electrode 124. The first capacitor electrode may be spaced apart from the semiconductor layer 122 and the light-shielding pattern.

[0063] An interlayer insulating layer 113 may be disposed above the gate electrode 124. The interlayer insulating layer 113 may be substantially disposed on the entire substrate 110. The interlayer insulating layer 113 may be formed as a single layer or multiple layers of inorganic insulating material. The inorganic insulating material of the interlayer insulating layer 113 may include silicon nitride (SiNx), silicon oxide (SiOx), or silicon oxide nitride (SiON).

[0064] The source electrode 126 and the drain electrode 128 can be disposed above the interlayer insulating layer 113. The source electrode 126 and the drain electrode 128 can be spaced apart from each other, and the gate electrode 124 is located between them and can contact the two ends of the semiconductor layer 122 through contact holes disposed in the interlayer insulating layer 113 and the gate insulating layer 112.

[0065] The source electrode 126 and the drain electrode 128 can be formed of a conductive material such as a metal. For example, the source electrode 126 and the drain electrode 128 can be formed of one or more of the following: aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), molybdenum (Mo), titanium (Ti), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), tungsten (W), and alloys thereof. The source electrode 126 and the drain electrode 128 can have a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure.

[0066] The source electrode 126, drain electrode 128, gate electrode 124, and semiconductor layer 122 can form a thin-film transistor TR.

[0067] In addition, one or more transistors electrically connected to the thin-film transistor TR can be disposed above the substrate 110. The transistor can have a structure substantially the same as that of the thin-film transistor TR.

[0068] However, the embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto. Alternatively, the transistor may have a different configuration than the thin-film transistor TR. For example, the thin-film transistor TR may be an oxide semiconductor thin-film transistor using an oxide semiconductor material as the semiconductor layer 122, and the transistor may be a low-temperature polycrystalline silicon thin-film transistor using a polycrystalline semiconductor material as the semiconductor layer.

[0069] Alternatively, the second capacitor electrode can be disposed on the interlayer insulating layer 113 and can be formed of the same material as the source electrode 126 and the drain electrode 128. The second capacitor electrode can overlap with the first capacitor electrode to form a storage capacitor.

[0070] However, the embodiments disclosed herein are not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the second capacitor electrode may be disposed on a different layer than the source electrode 126 and the drain electrode 128.

[0071] A planarization layer 114 may be disposed above the source electrode 126 and the drain electrode 128. The planarization layer 114 may be substantially disposed above the entire substrate 110. The planarization layer 114 can eliminate step differences caused by the underlying layers and can have a substantially flat top surface. The planarization layer 114 may be formed of an organic insulating material such as photoacrylic polymer.

[0072] The first electrode 132 may be located above the planarization layer 114, and the first electrode 132 may be formed of a conductive material with a relatively high work function. The first electrode 132 may be positioned to correspond to the light-emitting regions EA1 and EA2. Alternatively, the first electrode 132 may also be partially disposed in the non-light-emitting region NEA.

[0073] The first electrode 132 can be electrically connected to the drain electrode 128. In this case, the first electrode 132 can directly contact the drain electrode 128 through a contact hole provided in the planarization layer 114.

[0074] However, the embodiments disclosed herein are not limited thereto. In other embodiments, a connecting electrode may be provided between the drain electrode 128 and the first electrode 132. The first electrode 132 may be in direct contact with the connecting electrode, and the connecting electrode may be in direct contact with the drain electrode 128, so that the first electrode 132 may be electrically connected to the drain electrode 128 through the connecting electrode.

[0075] For example, the first electrode 132 may comprise a transparent conductive material such as indium tin oxide (ITO) or indium zinc oxide (IZO), or may comprise titanium (Ti). However, embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0076] Furthermore, the first electrode 132 may have a multilayer structure comprising a material with relatively high reflectivity. For example, the first electrode 132 may be formed into a structure with relatively high reflectivity (e.g., a three-layer structure of titanium, aluminum, and titanium (Ti / Al / Ti), a three-layer structure of indium tin oxide, aluminum, and indium tin oxide (ITO / Al / ITO), a three-layer structure of indium tin oxide, silver, and indium tin oxide (ITO / Ag / ITO), or a three-layer structure of indium tin oxide, silver alloy, and indium tin oxide (ITO / Ag alloy / ITO)). Here, the silver alloy may be a silver-palladium-copper (APC) alloy.

[0077] An organic insulating material dam 115 may be disposed above the first electrode 132. The dam 115 may be configured to correspond to the non-light-emitting region NEA. The dam 115 may overlap with and cover the edge of the first electrode 132. The dam 115 may expose the central portion of the first electrode 132. The dam 115 may cover the contact holes disposed in the planarization layer 114.

[0078] The embankment 115 may have an opening that exposes the first electrode 132. The opening of the embankment 115 may be configured to correspond to the light-emitting regions EA1 and EA2. The light-emitting regions EA1 and EA2 may be defined by the embankment 115 having the opening.

[0079] In addition, although not shown in the figure, a spacer may be provided above the embankment 115 in the non-luminous area NEA.

[0080] The light-emitting layer 134 can be disposed on the first electrode 132 exposed through the embankment 115. The light-emitting layer 134 can be configured to correspond to the light-emitting regions EA1 and EA2. Alternatively, the light-emitting layer 134 can also be partially disposed in the non-light-emitting region NEA.

[0081] The light-emitting layer 134 can emit one of red, green, and blue light. For example, the light-emitting layer 134 of the first sub-pixel SP1 can emit red light, the light-emitting layer 134 of the second sub-pixel SP2 can emit green light, and the light-emitting layer 134 of the third sub-pixel SP3 can emit blue light.

[0082] The light-emitting layer 134 may include at least one hole auxiliary layer, at least one light-emitting material layer and at least one electron auxiliary layer constituting a light-emitting unit.

[0083] The luminescent material layer may include one of red, green, and blue luminescent materials. The luminescent material may be an organic luminescent material such as a phosphorescent or fluorescent compound, or an inorganic luminescent material such as a quantum dot.

[0084] The hole auxiliary layer may include at least one of a hole injection layer (HIL) and a hole transport layer (HTL). The electron auxiliary layer may include at least one of an electron injection layer (EIL) and an electron transport layer (ETL).

[0085] As shown in the figure, the light-emitting layer 134 can be disposed on the first electrode 132 exposed through the embankment 115, and can be separate for each of the first sub-pixel SP1, the second sub-pixel SP2, and the third sub-pixel SP3. In this case, the light-emitting layer 134 can partially contact the top surface and the side surface of the embankment 115.

[0086] However, the embodiments disclosed herein are not limited thereto. In other embodiments, some of the light-emitting layers 134 (e.g., light-emitting material layers) may be disposed only on the first electrode 132, and the hole-assisted layer and the electron-assisted layer may be disposed substantially over the entire substrate 110.

[0087] Alternatively, the light-emitting layer 134 can emit white light and can be disposed on the top and side surfaces of the embankment 115, so that the light-emitting layer 134 can be substantially disposed above the entire substrate 110. In this case, the light-emitting layer 134 may include a plurality of light-emitting units that emit light of different colors and are stacked. Each stack may include at least one hole-assisted layer, at least one light-emitting material layer, and at least one electron-assisted layer.

[0088] For example, the light-emitting layer 134 may have a stacked structure of two or more light-emitting units that emit different colors, and may provide a charge generation layer (CGL) between adjacent light-emitting units.

[0089] A second electrode 136 made of a conductive material with a relatively low work function can be disposed above the light-emitting layer 134. The second electrode 136 can be disposed substantially above the entire substrate 110.

[0090] The second electrode 136 can be formed of aluminum (Al), magnesium (Mg), silver (Ag), or alloys thereof. In this case, the second electrode 136 can have a relatively thin thickness so that light from the light-emitting layer 134 can be transmitted through it. For example, the second electrode 136 can have a thickness of 5 nm to 10 nm, but embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0091] Alternatively, the second electrode 136 may be formed of a transparent conductive material such as indium gallium oxide (IGO) or IZO.

[0092] The first electrode 132, the light-emitting layer 134, and the second electrode 136 can constitute a light-emitting diode (LED). Here, the first electrode 132 can be used as the anode, and the second electrode 136 can be used as the cathode. However, the embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the first electrode 132 can be used as the cathode, and the second electrode 136 can be used as the anode.

[0093] The encapsulation layer 140 may be disposed above the second electrode 136, and the encapsulation layer 140 is substantially disposed above the entire substrate 110. The encapsulation layer 140 can protect the light-emitting diode De from external moisture or oxygen. The encapsulation layer 140 may have a multilayer structure including at least one inorganic layer and at least one organic layer.

[0094] For example, encapsulation layer 140 may include a first encapsulation layer 142, a second encapsulation layer 144, and a third encapsulation layer 146. In this case, the second encapsulation layer 144 may be disposed between the first encapsulation layer 142 and the third encapsulation layer 146. The first encapsulation layer 142 and the third encapsulation layer 146 may be inorganic layers. The second encapsulation layer 144 may be an organic layer and may be a layer covering particles generated during the manufacturing process.

[0095] Furthermore, although not shown in the figure, a capping layer can be disposed between the second electrode 136 and the encapsulation layer 140. The capping layer can be formed of an insulating material with a relatively high refractive index. The wavelength of light propagating along the capping layer can be amplified by surface plasmon resonance. Therefore, the intensity of the peak can be increased, thereby improving the light efficiency in the display device. For example, the capping layer can be formed as a single organic or inorganic layer, or it can be formed as an organic / inorganic layer stack.

[0096] Next, a light control panel LP can be disposed above the encapsulation layer 140. The light control panel LP may include a black matrix 152, an intermediate insulating layer 160, a sensor layer 162, a passivation layer 170, a control pattern 172, a lens 174, and a protective layer 180.

[0097] Specifically, the black matrix 152 can be disposed above the encapsulation layer 140. The black matrix 152 can be configured to correspond to the non-light-emitting region NEA and can overlap with the embankment 115. The black matrix 152 can have openings corresponding to the light-emitting regions EA1 and EA2.

[0098] The width and area of ​​the opening of the black matrix 152 can be greater than the width and area of ​​the opening of the dike portion 115. That is, the width and area of ​​the black matrix 152 can be smaller than the width and area of ​​the dike portion 115. However, the embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0099] The black matrix 152 can be formed from a light-absorbing black resin. For example, the black resin may include black pigments and / or carbon black. However, embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0100] Furthermore, although not shown in the figure, a bridging electrode and at least one sensor buffer layer may be provided between the encapsulation layer 140 and the black matrix 152. The bridging electrode may be formed of a conductive material such as metal, and the sensor buffer layer may be formed of an inorganic insulating material.

[0101] The bridging electrode can correspond to the non-light-emitting region NEA and can overlap with the black matrix 152. The bridging electrode can selectively contact multiple patterns of the sensor layer 162 and can connect multiple patterns of the sensor layer 162 in the first direction X and / or the second direction Y.

[0102] An intermediate insulating layer 160, serving as the insulating layer for the first sensor, can be disposed on the black matrix 152. The intermediate insulating layer 160 can be formed of an organic insulating material such as photosensitive acrylic polymer.

[0103] Sensor layer 162 can be disposed above intermediate insulating layer 160. Sensor layer 162 can serve as a light-blocking layer to block light. Sensor layer 162 can correspond to non-light-emitting region NEA and can overlap with black matrix 152 and embankment 115. Sensor layer 162 can have openings corresponding to light-emitting regions EA1 and EA2.

[0104] The width and area of ​​the opening in sensor layer 162 can be greater than the width and area of ​​the opening in dike 115. That is, the width and area of ​​sensor layer 162 can be smaller than the width and area of ​​dike 115. Furthermore, the width and area of ​​the opening in sensor layer 162 can be substantially the same as the width and area of ​​the opening in black matrix 152. In other words, the width and area of ​​sensor layer 162 can be substantially the same as the width and area of ​​black matrix 152.

[0105] However, embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto. The width and area of ​​each of the black matrix 152 and the sensor layer 162 may vary depending on the thickness of the intermediate insulating layer 160 and the area and / or structure of the light-emitting regions EA1 and EA2.

[0106] Sensor layer 162 can be formed of a conductive material such as a metal. Sensor layer 162 can be formed of one or more of the following: aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), molybdenum (Mo), titanium (Ti), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), tungsten (W), and their alloys. For example, sensor layer 162 can have a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure.

[0107] The sensor layer 162 may include multiple patterns. The multiple patterns of the sensor layer 162 may be selectively connected to each other in a first direction X and / or a second direction Y by bridging electrodes to form sensing electrodes.

[0108] Passivation layer 170, serving as a second sensor insulating layer, can be disposed above sensor layer 162. Passivation layer 170 can be formed as a single layer or multiple layers of inorganic insulating material. The inorganic insulating material of passivation layer 170 may include silicon nitride (SiNx), silicon oxide (SiOx), or silicon oxide nitride (SiON).

[0109] Pattern 172 and lens 174 can be controlled sequentially above passivation layer 170. The control pattern 172 and lens 174 can be set to correspond to the light-emitting areas EA1 and EA2, and can be one-to-one. That is, the number of control patterns 172 can be the same as the number of lenses 174.

[0110] The control pattern 172 and the lens 174 can have substantially the same planar shape. In this case, the width and area of ​​the lens 174 can be the same as or smaller than the width and area of ​​the control pattern 172.

[0111] Additionally, the control pattern 172 and lens 174 can be partially disposed in the non-light-emitting area NEA. Therefore, the control pattern 172 and lens 174 can overlap with the sensor layer 162, the black matrix 152, and the embankment 115.

[0112] The control pattern 172 can limit the contact angle of the material of the lens 174, thereby improving the uniformity of the lens 174 during its formation and preventing or reducing shape deformation caused by the reflow of the lens 174 material in high-temperature reliability environments. The control pattern 172 will be described in detail later.

[0113] Lens 174 can output light emitted from the light-emitting diode De at a specific angle, thereby increasing the brightness in front. Lens 174 can have a relatively high refractive index. For example, the refractive index of lens 174 can be greater than 1.5 and less than 1.8, and preferably greater than 1.6 and less than 1.7. However, embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0114] Lens 174 may be formed of an organic polymer. For example, lens 174 may include acrylate polymers, biphenyl polymers, phenyl sulfide polymers, diphenyl fluoropolymers, or carbazole polymers, but embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0115] The protective layer 180 can then be disposed above the lens 174 and can protect the lens 174. The protective layer 180 can be formed of an organic insulating material and can have a substantially flat top surface. The protective layer 180 can be formed of an organic insulating material (e.g., photoacrylic polymer, benzocyclobutene (BCB), polyimide (PI), or polyamide (PA)), but embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0116] The protective layer 180 may have a relatively low refractive index. The refractive index of the protective layer 180 may be less than that of the lens 174. For example, the refractive index of the protective layer 180 may be greater than 1.0 and less than 1.5. However, embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0117] In addition, a polarizing plate PO can be disposed above the protective layer 180 of the light control panel LP. The polarizing plate PO may include a linear polarization layer and a retardation layer. The retardation layer may be disposed between the protective layer 180 and the linear polarization layer. The polarizing plate PO can change the polarization state of external light incident on the display panel DP, thereby preventing or reducing the external light from being reflected in the display panel DP and output to the outside.

[0118] Thus, in the display device 100 according to the embodiment of this disclosure, by providing lenses 174 corresponding to the light-emitting areas EA1 and EA2, light can be concentrated by the lenses 174 and output to the outside in the forward direction. Furthermore, by providing a black matrix 152 and a sensor layer 162 corresponding to the non-light-emitting area NEA, light in the lateral direction can be blocked, and the light influence of adjacent sub-pixels SP1, SP2, and SP3 can be limited. Therefore, front brightness can be improved, and viewing angle can be limited.

[0119] Here, if only one of the black matrix 152 and the sensor layer 162 is provided, light oriented to the side cannot be completely blocked, and thus the viewing angle cannot be completely limited. Therefore, the display device 100 according to the embodiments of this disclosure can have a dual light-blocking structure of the black matrix 152 and the sensor layer 162.

[0120] The display device 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure can be applied to a vehicle. In this case, since the display device 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure can have a narrow viewing angle in the vertical direction (i.e., in the second direction Y), it can prevent or reduce the reflection of images by the vehicle's windshield or glare and prevent obstruction of the driver's view.

[0121] Furthermore, the lens 174 of the display device 100 according to embodiments of the present disclosure can be formed by a thermal reflow process after the polymer pattern is formed. The thermal reflow process may involve applying heat to the polymer pattern to impart fluidity and having a specific contact angle due to the difference in surface energy relative to the underlying component.

[0122] However, since polymers have a specific range of molecular weights after curing rather than a single molecular weight, the glass transition temperature Tg and heat resistance vary depending on each molecular weight level, and the lens 174 can be formed differently depending on the location when manufacturing large-area display devices.

[0123] Furthermore, products for each application may require reliability environments with different temperature conditions, and if the reflow is designed to occur at low temperatures, the shape of lens 174 (i.e., the width and thickness of lens 174) may deform at high temperatures, leading to reliability issues. In particular, when applied to vehicles, reliability for higher temperature environments is required.

[0124] Therefore, in the display device 100 according to the embodiments of the present disclosure, a control pattern 172 can be provided below the lens 174 (i.e., between the passivation layer 170 and the lens 174) to control the contact angle of the polymer material and limit the reflow area, and to refer to Figure 3 This will be described.

[0125] Figure 3 This is a schematic enlarged cross-sectional view of a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, showing a configuration corresponding to a lens. (Refer to...) Figure 1 and Figure 2 Describe it.

[0126] exist Figure 3 In this configuration, sensor layer 162 can be disposed above intermediate insulating layer 160, passivation layer 170 can be disposed above sensor layer 162, and control pattern 172 and lens 174 can be disposed sequentially above passivation layer 170.

[0127] Here, the lens 174 can be disposed only on the control pattern 172, and can be spaced apart from the passivation layer 170 without contacting the passivation layer 170.

[0128] The width of lens 174 (i.e., chord length l1) can be equal to or less than the width of control pattern 172. Additionally, the thickness of lens 174 (i.e., arc height h1) can be less than the chord length l1. For example, the arc height h1 of lens 174 can be approximately 7 μm to 13 μm, and the chord length l1 of lens 174 can be approximately 17 μm to 23 μm. However, embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0129] Furthermore, the control pattern 172 can form a step with a height greater than a predetermined height below the lens 174 to limit the contact angle of the material of the lens 174. That is, the control pattern 172 can have a step relative to the top surface of the passivation layer 170. Preferably, the step height h2 of the control pattern 172 can be 1 μm or less. If the step height h2 of the control pattern 172 is greater than 1 μm, the light emitted from the light-emitting diode De can be output without passing through the lens 174, resulting in a reduction in the brightness in front.

[0130] A relatively high contact angle a1 can be achieved by minimizing or reducing the difference between the surface energy of the control pattern 172 and the surface tension (surface energy) of the material of the lens 174. For example, the contact angle a1 of the lens 174 can be 70 to 80 degrees, but is not limited to this.

[0131] In this case, to minimize or reduce the decrease in transmittance, it is preferable that the control pattern 172 has a transmittance similar to that of the lens 174. That is, the transmittance of the control pattern 172 can be equal to or greater than the transmittance of the lens 174.

[0132] Furthermore, to prevent or reduce the reflection of light emitted from the light-emitting diode De at the interface between the control pattern 172 and the lens 174, the refractive index of the control pattern 172 can be equal to or greater than the refractive index of the lens 174. If the refractive index of the control pattern 172 is less than the refractive index of the lens 174, the light emitted from the light-emitting diode De can be reflected, thereby reducing the light efficiency. Preferably, the refractive index of the control pattern 172 can be equal to or less than the refractive index of the passivation layer 170.

[0133] For example, the refractive index of the control pattern 172 may be 1.65 or greater and 1.8 or less, and the refractive index of the passivation layer 170 may be 1.8 or greater. However, the embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0134] The control pattern 172 may be formed of an inorganic insulating material. For example, the inorganic insulating material of the control pattern 172 may include silicon nitride (SiNx), silicon oxide (SiOx), or silicon oxide nitride (SiON).

[0135] Alternatively, the control pattern 172 may be formed of an organic insulating material. For example, the organic insulating material of the control pattern 172 may include acrylate polymers, biphenyl polymers, phenyl sulfide polymers, diphenyl fluoropolymers, or carbazole polymers.

[0136] Additionally, the control pattern 172 may also include inorganic particles. For example, the inorganic particles may include zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) and / or titanium dioxide (TiO2). In this case, the inorganic particles may be in a core-shell form having a titanium dioxide (TiO2) core and a zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) shell.

[0137] When the control pattern 172 is formed of an organic insulating material, it is preferable that the glass transition temperature Tg of the control pattern 172 is greater than the glass transition temperature Tg of the lens 174, so that even if the material of the lens 174 is fluid, the material of the control pattern 172 may not be fluid.

[0138] Furthermore, preferably, the surface energy of the control pattern 172 is equal to or less than the surface tension of the material of the lens 174. In this case, the surface energy of the control pattern 172 can be less than the surface energy of the passivation layer 170.

[0139] If the surface energy of the control pattern 172 is greater than the surface tension of the material of the lens 174, the shape of the lens 174 may be deformed because the contact angle of the material of the lens 174 may decrease during the reflow process.

[0140] The control pattern 172 may comprise a polymer formed using the same material as the lens 174. In this case, the polymer of the control pattern 172 may have a different molecular weight than the polymer of the lens 174.

[0141] The molecular weight can vary depending on the degree of crosslinking, and the degree of crosslinking can be controlled by adjusting the ratio of monomer to initiator and / or exposure dose and luminescence intensity.

[0142] For example, the materials controlling pattern 172 and lens 174 may include binders, monomers, initiators, and other additives. The initiator content in the monomer material controlling pattern 172 may be greater than the initiator content in the material of lens 174. Therefore, the molecular weight of the polymer controlling pattern 172 may be greater than the molecular weight of the polymer in lens 174. Furthermore, the glass transition temperature Tg of the polymer controlling pattern 172 may be greater than the glass transition temperature Tg of the polymer in lens 174.

[0143] Reference Figures 4A to 4C The formation and deformation prevention of lens 174 using control pattern 172 are described in detail.

[0144] Figures 4A to 4C This is a schematic enlarged cross-sectional view of a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure during the lens formation step and the reliability test step.

[0145] like Figure 4AAs shown, a control pattern 172 with steps can be formed on the substrate 110. Although not shown in the figure, Figure 2 The multiple layers described herein can be disposed between the substrate 110 and the control pattern 172.

[0146] Then, by applying an organic insulating material and patterning it using a photolithography process, a polymer pattern 174a can be formed on the control pattern 172. At this point, the width of the polymer pattern 174a can be smaller than the width of the control pattern 172. When heat is applied, the polymer pattern 174a can be incompletely cured to maintain its fluidity.

[0147] Next, as Figure 4B As shown, the lens 174 can be formed by heating and reflowing the polymer pattern 174a.

[0148] Specifically, a first temperature T1 equal to or higher than the glass transition temperature Tg of the material of polymer pattern 174a can be applied. Therefore, the storage modulus and viscosity of polymer pattern 174a can be reduced, allowing polymer pattern 174a to become a liquid phase that can flow from the glass phase, and due to the difference in surface energy with the control pattern 172 below it, the phase change polymer pattern 174a can be refluxed to have a specific contact angle α1.

[0149] In this case, the phase change polymer pattern 174a can be changed to a shape close to a sphere with the smallest surface area in order to achieve the most stable state, thereby realizing the shape of the lens 174. Due to the steps of the control pattern 172, a contact angle a1 can be generated at the end of the steps (i.e., at the edge of the top surface of the control pattern 172), and the shape of the lens 174 can be maintained when the return flow in the horizontal direction changes to the vertical direction.

[0150] Lens 174 may have a width substantially the same as control pattern 172, and the contact angle a1 of lens 174 (i.e., first contact angle a1) may be 70 to 80 degrees.

[0151] Next, as Figure 4C As shown, reliability testing can be performed by exposing lens 174 to a high-temperature environment equal to or higher than the glass transition temperature Tg. That is, a second temperature T2 equal to or higher than the glass transition temperature Tg can be applied to lens 174. At this time, lens 174 can change to a liquid phase and become fluid, and after the width of pattern 172 remains unchanged in response to a change in contact angle, lens 174 can return to the glass phase, thus having a second contact angle a2.

[0152] The second contact angle a2 of lens 174 can be substantially the same as the first contact angle a1, and the deformation of lens 174 under high temperature environment can be suppressed by controlling pattern 172. Therefore, reliability can be improved.

[0153] On the other hand, if the control pattern 172 is not provided, the shape of the lens 174 may change depending on its position during formation, and the shape of the lens 174 may change in a high-temperature environment, thereby reducing reliability. This will refer to... Figures 5A to 5C Describe it.

[0154] Figures 5A to 5C This is a schematic enlarged cross-sectional view of the display device according to the comparative example during the lens formation step and the reliability test step.

[0155] like Figure 5A As shown, in the display device according to the comparative example, a polymer pattern 74a can be formed on the substrate 10 by applying an organic insulating material and patterning it through a photolithography process.

[0156] Next, as Figure 5B As shown, the lens 74 can be formed by heating and reflowing the polymer pattern 74a. That is, a first temperature T1 equal to or higher than the glass transition temperature Tg of the material of the polymer pattern 74a can be applied. In this case, the lens 74 can have a first contact angle b1, and the first contact angle b1 can be... Figure 4B The first contact angle a1 of lens 174 is basically the same.

[0157] However, as mentioned above, the first contact angle b1 of the lens 74 may be non-uniform and may vary depending on the location due to variations in the molecular weight of the polymer pattern 74a and the glass transition temperature Tg.

[0158] Next, as Figure 5C As shown, reliability testing can be performed by exposing lens 74 to a high-temperature environment equal to or higher than its glass transition temperature Tg. That is, a second temperature T2 equal to or higher than Tg can be applied to lens 74. In this case, lens 74 can exhibit fluidity, and its width and contact angle can be altered. Specifically, the width of lens 74 can be increased, and its contact angle can be decreased.

[0159] The lens 74 may have a second contact angle b2, and the second contact angle b2 may be smaller than the first contact angle b1.

[0160] Therefore, in the display device according to the comparative example, the shape of the lens 74 can be changed in a high-temperature environment, thereby reducing reliability.

[0161] Thus, in the display device 100 according to the embodiments of the present disclosure, by providing a control pattern 172 below the lens 174 and limiting the contact angle and reflow area of ​​the material of the lens 174, uniformity can be improved and reliability can be increased.

[0162] The control pattern 172 can be configured differently. That is, the shape and size of the control pattern 172 can be varied. (Refer to...) Figure 6 and Figure 7 The present disclosure describes a display device according to other embodiments thereof.

[0163] Figure 6 This is a schematic enlarged cross-sectional view of a display device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, and Figure 7 This is a schematic enlarged cross-sectional view of a display device according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0164] Apart from the control pattern and lens, the display device according to other embodiments of this disclosure has a configuration substantially the same as that of the display device of the foregoing embodiments. Components identical to those in the foregoing embodiments are indicated by the same or similar reference numerals, and descriptions of the same components may be shortened or omitted.

[0165] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, in display devices 200 and 300 according to other embodiments of the present disclosure, sensor layer 162 may be disposed above intermediate insulating layer 160, passivation layer 170 may be disposed on sensor layer 162, and control patterns 272 and 372 and lenses 274 and 374 may be sequentially disposed on passivation layer 170. Control patterns 272 and 372 and lenses 274 and 374 may be configured to correspond to light-emitting regions EA1 and EA2.

[0166] According to Figure 6 In another embodiment of the display device 200 of this disclosure, the control pattern 272 and the lens 274 may be disposed only in the opening of the sensor layer 162 and may not overlap with the sensor layer 162. In this case, the control pattern 272 and the lens 274 may be spaced apart from the sensor layer 162.

[0167] Alternatively, depending on Figure 7 In another embodiment of the display device 300 of this disclosure, the control pattern 372 and the lens 374 may overlap with the sensor layer 162. In this case, a portion of the side surface of the control pattern 372 may have an opposite tilt relative to the substrate 110.

[0168] and Figure 3Compared to control pattern 172, control patterns 272 and 372 can increase the length of their side surfaces, thereby increasing the distance between lenses 274 and 3744 and the passivation layer 170. Therefore, shape deformation of lenses 274 and 3744 in high-temperature environments can be further prevented or reduced.

[0169] In the display device disclosed herein, by providing a light control panel including a lens and a light blocking layer on the display panel, the front brightness can be increased and the viewing angle can be limited.

[0170] Furthermore, in the display device disclosed herein, by providing a control pattern below the lens, uniformity can be improved, and lens deformation in high-temperature environments can be prevented or reduced.

[0171] Therefore, reliability can be improved, and production power consumption can be reduced by extending lifespan, thereby achieving low power consumption.

[0172] Furthermore, the size and shape of the control pattern can be applied in different ways, thereby increasing the degree of freedom in the process.

[0173] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the electroluminescent display device and its manufacturing method disclosed herein without departing from the technical spirit or scope of this disclosure. Therefore, this disclosure is intended to cover any modifications and variations thereof, provided they fall within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0174] Cross-references to related applications

[0175] This application claims the prior filing date and priority of Korean Patent Application No. 10-2025-0054452, filed in Korea on April 25, 2025, the entire contents of which are expressly incorporated herein by reference.

Claims

1. A display device, the display device comprising: A substrate having a light-emitting region and a non-light-emitting region; A thin-film transistor, the thin-film transistor being located above the substrate, and the thin-film transistor including a gate electrode, an active layer, a source electrode, and a drain electrode; A light-emitting diode, the light-emitting diode being located in the light-emitting region above the thin-film transistor, and the light-emitting diode including a first electrode, a light-emitting layer, and a second electrode; A dam, the dam being located in the non-light-emitting region above the thin-film transistor, and the dam being disposed between the first electrode and the light-emitting layer; A control pattern is located above the light-emitting diode and the embankment, and the control pattern corresponds to the light-emitting area; as well as A lens, positioned above the control pattern and corresponding to the light-emitting area, The control pattern corresponds one-to-one with the lens and forms a step below the lens.

2. The display device according to claim 1, wherein, The control pattern and the lens overlap with the embankment.

3. The display device according to claim 1, wherein, The width and area of ​​the lens are equal to or less than the width and area of ​​the control pattern.

4. The display device according to claim 1, further comprising a sensor layer located between the light-emitting diode and the control pattern, and the sensor layer corresponding to the non-light-emitting area.

5. The display device according to claim 4, wherein, The control pattern and the lens overlap with the sensor layer.

6. The display device according to claim 4, wherein, The sensor layer has an opening corresponding to the light-emitting area, and the control pattern and the lens are disposed in the opening.

7. The display device according to claim 4, wherein, At least a portion of the side surface of the control pattern has an opposite tilt relative to the substrate.

8. The display device according to claim 4, further comprising a black matrix located between the light-emitting diode and the sensor layer, and the black matrix corresponding to the non-light-emitting area.

9. The display device according to claim 8, further comprising an intermediate insulating layer located between the black matrix and the sensor layer.

10. The display device according to claim 1, wherein, The refractive index of the control pattern is equal to or greater than the refractive index of the lens.

11. The display device according to claim 1, wherein, The glass transition temperature of the control pattern is higher than that of the lens.

12. The display device according to claim 1, wherein, The control pattern and the lens are formed of the same material, and the control pattern and the lens comprise polymers with different molecular weights.

13. The display device according to claim 12, wherein, The molecular weight of the polymer in the control pattern is greater than the molecular weight of the polymer in the lens.

14. The display device according to claim 12, wherein, The controlled pattern includes acrylate polymers, biphenyl polymers, phenyl sulfide polymers, diphenyl fluoropolymers, or carbazole polymers.

15. The display device according to claim 14, wherein, The control pattern also includes inorganic particles.

16. The display device according to claim 15, wherein, The inorganic particles include at least one of zirconium dioxide and titanium dioxide.

17. The display device according to claim 16, wherein, The inorganic particles are in a core-shell form, having a titanium dioxide core and a zirconium dioxide shell.

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