Herbicidal compositions comprising a malonamide compound and a whitening herbicide for effective weed control

Abstract

A herbicidal composition comprising a herbicidal malonamide selected from the group consisting of compounds of formula (I) (component A) and a bleaching herbicide (component B).

Description

[0001] This invention relates to a method for weed control, comprising applying an effective amount of malondiamide (component A) and bleacher herbicide (component B) to a non-crop area or crop-cultivated area where weeds grow or may grow, as described herein.

[0002] The present invention also relates to a composition comprising malondiamide (component A) and albino herbicide (component B) and its use for weed control in non-crop areas or crop-grown areas. Background Technology

[0003] Weed control is a critical and pressing issue in agricultural practice, impacting crop productivity and overall agricultural sustainability.

[0004] Weeds compete with crops for essential resources such as water, nutrients, and sunlight. If not properly controlled, their rapid growth and invasiveness can significantly reduce crop yields.

[0005] Over time, weeds may develop resistance to herbicides, making them less susceptible to chemical control methods. This can render some herbicides ineffective and limit the options available for weed management.

[0006] Furthermore, different weed species often coexist in farmland, and it is highly desirable to provide herbicidal compositions that offer broad-spectrum control against multiple weed species. Ensuring effective control of multiple weeds can be a significant challenge.

[0007] Addressing these challenges requires innovative solutions and sustained research and development efforts to strengthen weed control strategies while minimizing their impact on the environment and crop productivity.

[0008] WO 2021 / 170464 discloses certain malonamide compounds and compositions containing them for controlling unwanted vegetation. While these malonamide compounds have shown excellent herbicidal activity and a degree of selectivity in crops, methods for controlling a wide variety of weed species remain needed.

[0009] We have discovered that this objective and other objectives are achieved by a composition comprising

[0010] A) Herbicidal malonamide (component A), which is selected from compounds having formula (I).

[0011] ,

[0012] in

[0013] R 1 R 2and R 3 Each is independently hydrogen, halogen, cyano, (C1-C3)-alkyl, (C1-C3)-haloalkyl, (C1-C3)-alkoxy, or (C1-C3)-haloalkoxy; and

[0014] R 4 It is hydrogen or (C1-C6)-alkyl, (C2-C4)-alkenyl, (C3-C4)-ynyl, (C3-C6)-cycloalkyl, (C3-C6)-cycloalkyl-(C1-C3)-alkyl, phenyl-(C1-C3)-alkyl, or furanyl-(C1-C3)-alkyl, wherein each of the last seven groups mentioned is substituted by m groups selected from the group consisting of: fluorine, chlorine, bromine, cyano, CO2R a CONR b R c (C1-C2)-alkoxy, (C1-C3)-alkylthio, (C1-C3)-alkylsulfinyl, (C1-C3)-alkylsulfonyl, phenylthio, phenylsulfinyl, and phenylsulfonyl;

[0015] Each R a It is independently (C1-C6)-alkyl, (C2-C4)-ynyl or (C3-C6)-cycloalkyl, each of which is substituted by m groups selected from the group consisting of: fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, cyano, hydroxyl, and (C1-C3)-alkoxy;

[0016] R b Is it hydrogen or has the properties of R? a One of the meanings given;

[0017] R c It is hydrogen or (C1-C6)-alkyl, (C1-C2)-alkoxy, (C3-C6)-cycloalkyl, (C2-C4)-alkenyl, (C1-C6)-alkoxycarbonyl-(C1-C6)-alkyl, or (C3-C4)-alkynyl, wherein each of the last six groups mentioned is substituted by m groups selected from the group consisting of: fluorine, chlorine, bromine, cyano, CO2R a and (C1-C2)-alkoxy groups;

[0018] Each m is independently 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5;

[0019] This includes its agriculturally acceptable salts, stereoisomers, and tautomers; and

[0020] B) Albinism herbicide (component B), which is selected from phytorepinephrine dehydrogenase (PDS) inhibitors, beflubutamid, diflufenican, fluridone, flurochloridone, flurtamone, norflurazon, picolinafen, and rimisoxafen; and hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) inhibitors, benquitrione, benzobicyclon, benzofenap, bicyclopyrone, bipyrazone, cypyrafluone, dioxopyritrione, fenquinotrione, fenpyrazone, and flusulfanilamide. finam, isoxaflutole, iptriazopyrid, mesotrione, lancotrione, oxotrione, pyrasulfotole, pyraquinate, pyrazolynate, pyrazoxyfen, sulcotrione, tefuryltrione, tembotrione, tolpyralate, toramezone, tripyrasulfone; deoxy-D-xylulose phosphate synthase (DOXP) inhibitors, clonazone, bixlozone, broclozone, and 2-(2,5-dichlorophenyl)methyl-4,4-dimethyl-3-isoxazolidinone (CAS) 81778-66-7); Solanesyl diphosphate synthase (SDS) inhibitor, aclonifen; Solanesyl transferase (HST) inhibitor, cyclopyrimorate.And herbicides targeting whitening with unknown targets: 2-chloro-3-methylthioalkyl-N-(1-methyltetrazole-5-yl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide (CAS 1361139-71-0), 2-methyl-N-(5-methyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)-3-methylsulfonyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide, 1-[2-chloro-6-(5-chloropyrimidin-2-yl)oxy-phenyl]-4,4,4-trifluoro-but-1-one (CAS: 2052297-97-7), 4-(2,6-diethyl-4-methyl-phenyl)-5-hydroxy-2,6-dimethyl-pyridazin-3-one, 4-(2,6-diethyl-4-methyl-phenyl)-5-hydroxy-6-methoxy-2-methyl-pyridazin-3-one, 6-chloro-4 -(2,7-dimethyl-1-naphthyl)-5-hydroxy-2-methyl-pyridazin-3-one (CAS: 2414510-21-5), 2-chloro-N-(5-methyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)-3-methylsulfinyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide, 2-chloro-N-(5-methyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)-3-[(S)-methylsulfinyl]-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide, and 2-chloro-N-(5-methyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)-3-[(R)-methylsulfinyl]-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide. Summary of the Invention

[0021] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for weed control in non-crop areas or crop-cultivated areas, which allows control of weeds that are growing or may grow in these areas.

[0022] In addition, the method should provide weed control over a sufficiently long period of time to allow for flexible application.

[0023] Surprisingly, it has now been found that weeds growing or about to grow in non-crop areas or crop-cultivated areas can be controlled by applying effective amounts of the following combinations to these areas:

[0024] A) Herbicidal malonamide (component A), which is selected from compounds having formula (I).

[0025]

[0026] in

[0027] R 1 R 2 and R 3 Each is independently hydrogen, halogen, cyano, (C1-C3)-alkyl, (C1-C3)-haloalkyl, (C1-C3)-alkoxy, or (C1-C3)-haloalkoxy; and

[0028] R 4 It is hydrogen or (C1-C6)-alkyl, (C2-C4)-alkenyl, (C3-C4)-ynyl, (C3-C6)-cycloalkyl, (C3-C6)-cycloalkyl-(C1-C3)-alkyl, phenyl-(C1-C3)-alkyl, or furanyl-(C1-C3)-alkyl, wherein each of the last seven groups mentioned is substituted by m groups selected from the group consisting of: fluorine, chlorine, bromine, cyano, CO2R a CONR b R c (C1-C2)-alkoxy, (C1-C3)-alkylthio, (C1-C3)-alkylsulfinyl, (C1-C3)-alkylsulfonyl, phenylthio, phenylsulfinyl, and phenylsulfonyl;

[0029] Each R a It is independently (C1-C6)-alkyl, (C2-C4)-ynyl or (C3-C6)-cycloalkyl, each of which is substituted by m groups selected from the group consisting of: fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, cyano, hydroxyl, and (C1-C3)-alkoxy;

[0030] R b Is it hydrogen or has the properties of R? a One of the meanings given;

[0031] R c It is hydrogen or (C1-C6)-alkyl, (C1-C2)-alkoxy, (C3-C6)-cycloalkyl, (C2-C4)-alkenyl, (C1-C6)-alkoxycarbonyl-(C1-C6)-alkyl, or (C3-C4)-alkynyl, wherein each of the last six groups mentioned is substituted by m groups selected from the group consisting of: fluorine, chlorine, bromine, cyano, CO2R a and (C1-C2)-alkoxy groups;

[0032] Each m is independently 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5;

[0033] This includes its agriculturally acceptable salts, stereoisomers, and tautomers; and

[0034] B) Albinism herbicide (component B), which is selected from phytorepinephrine dehydrogenase (PDS) inhibitors, including flubutyrazole, pyrifluquinazon, flupyrflufenoxam, fluroxypyr, furazolidone, dapoxetine, flupyrflufenoxam, and pyrimifluoxetine; and hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) inhibitors, including quinalazon, cypermethrin, pyrifluquinazon, flupyrflufenoxam, cypermethrin, pyridaben, fenquinazon, benzoylflufenoxam, flusulfonamide, isoxazol, triazolamide, mesotrione, oxamylsulfuron, sulfadiazine, pyrazosulfuron, pyrazosulfuron-methyl, pyrazosulfuron, benzylazine, sulfadiazine, and furazolidone. , pyrazosulfuron, benzoxazole, triazolesulfuron; deoxy-D-xylulose phosphate synthase (DOXP) inhibitors, isoxaflutole, dichloroisooxaflutole, bromooxazol, and 2-(2,5-dichlorophenyl)methyl-4,4-dimethyl-3-isooxazolidinone (CAS81778-66-7); solanesyl diphosphate synthase (SDS) inhibitor, bensulfuron; urobenzyl solanesyltransferase (HST) inhibitor, cyclopyridazine; and a whitening herbicide with an unknown target: 2-chloro-3-methylthioalkyl-N-(1-methyltetrazole-5-yl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide (CAS81778-66-7). 1361139-71-0), 2-methyl-N-(5-methyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)-3-methylsulfonyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide, 1-[2-chloro-6-(5-chloropyrimidin-2-yl)oxy-phenyl]-4,4,4-trifluoro-but-1-one (CAS: 2052297-97-7), 4-(2,6-diethyl-4-methyl-phenyl)-5-hydroxy-2,6-dimethyl-pyridazin-3-one, 4-(2,6-diethyl-4-methyl-phenyl)-5-hydroxy-6-methoxy-2-methyl-pyridazin-3-one, 6-chloro-4 -(2,7-dimethyl-1-naphthyl)-5-hydroxy-2-methyl-pyridazin-3-one (CAS: 2414510-21-5), 2-chloro-N-(5-methyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)-3-methylsulfinyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide, 2-chloro-N-(5-methyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)-3-[(S)-methylsulfinyl]-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide, and 2-chloro-N-(5-methyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)-3-[(R)-methylsulfinyl]-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide.

[0035] Combinations of components A and B, as well as compositions containing components A and B, are suitable as herbicides. They are suitable as is or appropriately formulated (agrochemical compositions).

[0036] In the method according to the invention, the desired application rate of the herbicidal malondiamide (component A) depends on the density of the unwanted vegetation, the developmental stage of the plants, the climatic conditions of the location where the combination or composition of components A and B is used, and the method of application. Typically, the application rate of the herbicidal malondiamide (component A) is 1 to 500 g / ha, preferably 1 to 250 g / ha, more preferably 2 to 100 g / ha of active substance.

[0037] In the method according to the invention, the desired application rate of the albino herbicide (component B) depends on the density of the unwanted vegetation, the developmental stage of the plants, the climatic conditions of the location where the combination or composition of components A and B is used, and the method of application. Typically, the application rate of the albino herbicide (component B) is 1 to 2000 g / ha, preferably 2 to 1000 g / ha, more preferably 3 to 500 g / ha of active substance.

[0038] The combination of components A and B, or a composition containing malondiamide (component A) and a whitening herbicide (component B), can generally be applied to weeds at any growth stage with good results. In one embodiment, the combination of components A and B, or a composition containing malondiamide (component A) and a whitening herbicide (component B), is applied to the BBCH growth stage 37 of the weeds.

[0039] Weeds controlled by the method according to the invention include monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants.

[0040] This invention relates to a method for selectively controlling weeds in crops, preferably cereal crops (including cereals, corn, sorghum, and rice).

[0041] In the method for controlling weeds in crops according to the invention, the combination of components A and B, and the composition comprising malondiamide (component A) and a whitening herbicide (component B), can generally be applied as a pre-planting burn-down and as a pre-emergence or post-emergence treatment of the crop, preferably as a post-emergence treatment.

[0042] The BBCH growth stage is defined as follows: “Growth stage of monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants”, BBCH monograph edited by Uwe Meier Julius Kühn-Institut (JKI), Open Agrar Repositorium, Quedlinburg 2018 DOI: 10.5073 / 20180906-074619 ISBN: 978-3-95547-071-5.

[0043] Compared with methods of applying individual components A or B or other herbicidal combinations, the method of the present invention for controlling weeds has several advantages:

[0044] - Compared to applying individual herbicides alone, the herbicide combination of the present invention exhibits enhanced weed control (efficacy). Surprisingly, the herbicide combination of the present invention exhibits super-additive or synergistic effects in weed control compared to applying individual herbicides alone.

[0045] - While exhibiting enhanced weed control, the herbicide combinations of the present invention show low phytotoxicity in certain crops, particularly cereal crops.

[0046] - Through their enhanced weed control, the herbicide combinations of the present invention can be applied at lower application rates to achieve the desired weed control effect, thereby reducing potential negative impacts on the environment, including soil and water quality, beneficial organisms and non-target plants.

[0047] - Compared to applying individual herbicides alone, the herbicide combinations of the present invention exhibit an increased spectrum of weed control.

[0048] - Compared to applying individual herbicides alone, the herbicide combination of the present invention reduces the likelihood of resistance development.

[0049] - Compared to applying individual herbicides alone, the herbicide combinations of the present invention can provide more effective control of herbicide-resistant weeds. Typically, the loss of efficacy in individual plants (due to resistance development) can be compensated to a limited extent by higher herbicide application rates, which has the potential side effect of increased crop damage (reduced selectivity). The herbicide combinations of the present invention achieve control of resistant weeds while maintaining low crop response, especially in monocotyledonous crops.

[0050] - The herbicide combination of the present invention can also exhibit an accelerating effect on weeds, that is, they can achieve damage to harmful plants more quickly than when applied alone as individual herbicides.

[0051] - The herbicide combination of the present invention provides sufficient duration of weed control activity, allowing for more flexible application and minimizing the risk of weed escape, even under severe weathering conditions.

[0052] Further embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the specification, examples, and claims. It should be understood that the features of the subject matter of the invention mentioned above and further described below can be applied not only to the combinations given in each particular case, but also to other combinations without departing from the scope of the invention. Detailed Implementation

[0053] As used in this article, the terms “control” and “counter” are synonyms, referring to the inhibition, control, reduction or complete destruction of weed growth.

[0054] As used herein, the term "combination" refers to any combination of components A and B, including compositions comprising components A and B. In the context of this invention, it is not important whether the herbicidal malondiamide (component A) and the whitening herbicide (component B) are formulated individually or in combination. It is also not important whether the herbicidal malondiamide (component A) and the whitening herbicide (component B) are applied in combination or individually. In the case of individual application, the order of application is less important. The only requirement is that components A and B (herbicidal malondiamide and whitening herbicide) of the combination or composition are applied in effective amounts and within a timeframe that allows the components to act simultaneously on the plant, preferably within a timeframe of up to 14 days, particularly up to 7 days, and very particularly up to 1 day.

[0055] As used herein, the term "composition" refers to a composition or mixture comprising malonamide A and whitening herbicide B. Different salts of malonamide are considered to be the same herbicide compound.

[0056] As used herein, the term "agricultural chemical composition" refers to a composition or mixture comprising malondiamide A, whitening herbicide B, and one or more adjuvants commonly used in weed control products or crop protection compositions.

[0057] As used herein, "herbicide" means one or more reagents, compounds and / or compositions that have herbicidal and / or herbicidal activity.

[0058] As used herein, the terms “undesirable vegetation,” “undesirable species,” “undesirable plant,” “harmful plant,” “undesirable weed,” “native plant,” “weed,” or “harmful weed” are used synonymously.

[0059] As used herein, the term "effective amount" refers to the quantity or application rate of components A and B necessary to achieve the desired effect or result. The quantity of components A and B is sufficient to effectively control or eliminate the target weed or plant while minimizing any adverse effects on non-target organisms or the environment. Specific effective amounts can vary depending on factors such as the target plant species, application method, environmental conditions, and required level of control.

[0060] Synergistic effects can be determined using the Colby method (Colby, SR, Weeds, 1967(15), pp. 20-22), whereby the expected (or predicted) response of the combination is calculated by dividing the product of the observed responses of each individual component of the combination when applied alone by 100, and subtracting this value from the sum of the observed responses of each component when applied alone. The synergistic effect of the combination is then determined by comparing the observed response of the combination with the expected (or predicted) response calculated from the observed responses of each individual component alone. The combination is said to be synergistic if the observed response of the combination is significantly greater than the expected (or predicted) response determined using a significance level of 0.05, as determined by the Fisher protection minimum significance difference (LSD) test.

[0061] The above can be expressed mathematically as follows:

[0062]

[0063] and

[0064]

[0065] The combination consists of components X and Y, and Obs. indicates the observed response of this combination. The synergistic effect can also be obtained as a percentage ratio of the observed response to the expected response, i.e.

[0066] Synergy [%] = Obs. / Exp. x 100

[0067] As used in this article, "pre-planting herbicide control" refers to the practice of applying herbicides to fields or areas before planting crops. The purpose of pre-planting herbicide control is to control or eliminate existing weeds or vegetation to create a weed-free environment for crops. Pre-planting herbicide control can also help prevent the development of herbicide-resistant weeds because it reduces the overall weed seed bank in the soil.

[0068] As used in this article, "pre-emergence" refers to herbicide treatment applied to areas before the crop emerges from the ground or growing medium.

[0069] As used in this article, "post-emergence" refers to herbicide treatment applied to areas where the crop has already germinated and emerged from the ground or growing medium.

[0070] This invention relates to a composition for weed control, comprising...

[0071] A) Herbicidal malonamide (component A), which is selected from compounds having formula (I).

[0072]

[0073] in

[0074] R 1 R 2 and R 3 Each is independently hydrogen, halogen, cyano, (C1-C3)-alkyl, (C1-C3)-haloalkyl, (C1-C3)-alkoxy, or (C1-C3)-haloalkoxy; and

[0075] R 4 It is hydrogen or (C1-C6)-alkyl, (C2-C4)-alkenyl, (C3-C4)-ynyl, (C3-C6)-cycloalkyl, (C3-C6)-cycloalkyl-(C1-C3)-alkyl, phenyl-(C1-C3)-alkyl, or furanyl-(C1-C3)-alkyl, wherein each of the last seven groups mentioned is substituted by m groups selected from the group consisting of: fluorine, chlorine, bromine, cyano, CO2R a CONR b R c (C1-C2)-alkoxy, (C1-C3)-alkylthio, (C1-C3)-alkylsulfinyl, (C1-C3)-alkylsulfonyl, phenylthio, phenylsulfinyl, and phenylsulfonyl;

[0076] Each R a It is independently (C1-C6)-alkyl, (C2-C4)-ynyl or (C3-C6)-cycloalkyl, each of which is substituted by m groups selected from the group consisting of: fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, cyano, hydroxyl, and (C1-C3)-alkoxy;

[0077] R b Is it hydrogen or has the properties of R? a One of the meanings given;

[0078] R c It is hydrogen or (C1-C6)-alkyl, (C1-C2)-alkoxy, (C3-C6)-cycloalkyl, (C2-C4)-alkenyl, (C1-C6)-alkoxycarbonyl-(C1-C6)-alkyl, or (C3-C4)-alkynyl, wherein each of the last six groups mentioned is substituted by m groups selected from the group consisting of: fluorine, chlorine, bromine, cyano, CO2R a and (C1-C2)-alkoxy groups;

[0079] Each m is independently 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5;

[0080] This includes its agriculturally acceptable salts, stereoisomers, and tautomers; and

[0081] B) Albinism herbicide (component B), which is selected from phytorepinephrine dehydrogenase (PDS) inhibitors, including flubutyrazole, pyrifluquinazon, flupyrflufenoxam, fluroxypyr, furazolidone, dapoxetine, flupyrflufenoxam, and pyrimifluoxetine; and hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) inhibitors, including quinalazon, cypermethrin, pyrifluquinazon, flupyrflufenoxam, cypermethrin, pyridaben, fenquinazon, benzoylflufenoxam, flusulfonamide, isoxazol, triazolamide, mesotrione, oxamylsulfuron, sulfadiazine, pyrazosulfuron, pyrazosulfuron-methyl, pyrazosulfuron, benzylazine, sulfadiazine, and furazolidone. , pyrazosulfuron, benzoxazole, triazolesulfuron; deoxy-D-xylulose phosphate synthase (DOXP) inhibitors, isoxaflutole, dichloroisooxaflutole, bromooxazol, and 2-(2,5-dichlorophenyl)methyl-4,4-dimethyl-3-isooxazolidinone (CAS81778-66-7); solanesyl diphosphate synthase (SDS) inhibitor, bensulfuron; urobenzyl solanesyltransferase (HST) inhibitor, cyclopyridazine; and a whitening herbicide with an unknown target: 2-chloro-3-methylthioalkyl-N-(1-methyltetrazole-5-yl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide (CAS81778-66-7). 1361139-71-0), 2-methyl-N-(5-methyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)-3-methylsulfonyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide, 1-[2-chloro-6-(5-chloropyrimidin-2-yl)oxy-phenyl]-4,4,4-trifluoro-but-1-one (CAS: 2052297-97-7), 4-(2,6-diethyl-4-methyl-phenyl)-5-hydroxy-2,6-dimethyl-pyridazin-3-one, 4-(2,6-diethyl-4-methyl-phenyl)-5-hydroxy-6-methoxy-2-methyl-pyridazin-3-one, 6-chloro-4 -(2,7-dimethyl-1-naphthyl)-5-hydroxy-2-methyl-pyridazin-3-one (CAS: 2414510-21-5), 2-chloro-N-(5-methyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)-3-methylsulfinyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide, 2-chloro-N-(5-methyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)-3-[(S)-methylsulfinyl]-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide, and 2-chloro-N-(5-methyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)-3-[(R)-methylsulfinyl]-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide.

[0082] The present invention also relates to an agricultural chemical composition for weed control, the agricultural chemical composition comprising herbicidal malondiamide (component A), a whitening herbicide (component B), and one or more adjuvants commonly used in weed control products or crop protection compositions.

[0083] Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method for controlling weeds in non-crop areas, wherein an effective amount of malondiamide (component A) and a whitening herbicide (component B) are applied to non-crop areas where weeds are growing or will grow.

[0084] Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method for controlling weeds in a crop cultivation area, wherein an effective amount of malondiamide (component A) and a whitening herbicide (component B) are applied to the crop cultivation area where weeds are growing or will grow.

[0085] In variable definitions, the terms used for organic groups, such as the expression "halogen," are collective terms representing the individual members of these organic unit groups.

[0086] prefix C x -C y This indicates the possible number of carbon atoms under a specific condition. All hydrocarbon chains can be straight or branched.

[0087] Halogens: fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine, especially fluorine, chlorine, or bromine;

[0088] Alkyl groups, and the alkyl moiety of complex groups (such as alkoxy, alkylamino, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylthio, alkylsulfinyl, alkylsulfonyl): saturated straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon groups having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, such as C1-C 10 -alkyl groups, such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, 1-methylethyl, butyl, 1-methylpropyl, 2-methylpropyl, 1,1-dimethylethyl, pentyl, 1-methylbutyl, 2-methylbutyl, 3-methylbutyl, 2,2-dimethylpropyl, 1-ethylpropyl, hexyl, 1,1-dimethylpropyl, 1,2-dimethylpropyl, 1-methylpentyl, 2-methylpentyl, 3-methylpentyl, 4-methylpentyl, 1,1-dimethyl Butyl, 1,2-dimethylbutyl, 1,3-dimethylbutyl, 2,2-dimethylbutyl, 2,3-dimethylbutyl, 3,3-dimethylbutyl, 1-ethylbutyl, 2-ethylbutyl, 1,1,2-trimethylpropyl, 1,2,2-trimethylpropyl, 1-ethyl-1-methylpropyl and 1-ethyl-2-methylpropyl; heptyl, octyl, 2-ethylhexyl and their positional isomers; nonyl, decyl and their positional isomers;

[0089] Halogenated alkyl groups: straight-chain or branched alkyl groups having 1 to 10 carbon atoms (as mentioned above), wherein some or all of the hydrogen atoms in these groups are replaced by halogen atoms as mentioned above. In one embodiment, the alkyl group is substituted at least once or completely with a specific halogen atom, preferably at least once or completely with fluorine, chlorine, or bromine. In another embodiment, the alkyl group is partially or completely halogenated with different halogen atoms; in the case of mixed halogen substitution, a combination of chlorine and fluorine is preferred. Particularly preferred are (C1-C3)-haloalkyl groups, more preferably (C1-C2)-haloalkyl groups, such as chloromethyl, bromomethyl, dichloromethyl, trichloromethyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, chlorofluoromethyl, dichlorofluoromethyl, chlorodifluoromethyl, 1-chloroethyl, 1-bromoethyl, 1-fluoroethyl, 2-fluoroethyl, 2,2-difluoroethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, 2-chloro-2-fluoroethyl, 2-chloro-2,2-difluoroethyl, 2,2-dichloro-2-fluoroethyl, 2,2,2-trichloroethyl, pentafluoroethyl, or 1,1,1-trifluoropropyl-2-yl;

[0090] Alkenyl groups, as well as the alkenyl moiety in complex groups such as alkenyloxy groups, are unsaturated straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon groups having 2 to 10 carbon atoms and a double bond at any position. According to the invention, small alkenyl groups, such as (C2-C4)-alkenyl groups, are preferred; on the other hand, larger alkenyl groups, such as (C5-C8)-alkenyl groups, are also preferred. Examples of alkenyl groups are, for example, C2-C6-alkenyl groups, such as vinyl, 1-propenyl, 2-propenyl, 1-methylvinyl, 1-butenyl, 2-butenyl, 3-butenyl, 1-methyl-1-propenyl, 2-methyl-1-propenyl, 1-methyl-2-propenyl, 2-methyl-2-propenyl, 1-pentenyl, 2-pentenyl, 3-pentenyl, 4-pentenyl, 1-methyl-1-butenyl, 2-methyl-1-butenyl, 3-methyl-1-butenyl, 1-methyl-2-butenyl, 2-methyl-2-butenyl, 3-methyl-2-butenyl, 1-methyl-3-butenyl. 2-Methyl-3-butenyl, 3-methyl-3-butenyl, 1,1-dimethyl-2-propenyl, 1,2-dimethyl-1-propenyl, 1,2-dimethyl-2-propenyl, 1-ethyl-1-propenyl, 1-ethyl-2-propenyl, 1-hexenyl, 2-hexenyl, 3-hexenyl, 4-hexenyl, 5-hexenyl, 1-methyl-1-pentenyl, 2-methyl-1-pentenyl, 3-methyl-1-pentenyl, 4-methyl-1-pentenyl, 1-methyl-2-pentenyl, 2-methyl-2-pentenyl, 3-methyl-2-pentenyl, 4-methyl-2-pentenyl, 1- Methyl-3-pentenyl, 2-methyl-3-pentenyl, 3-methyl-3-pentenyl, 4-methyl-3-pentenyl, 1-methyl-4-pentenyl, 2-methyl-4-pentenyl, 3-methyl-4-pentenyl, 4-methyl-4-pentenyl, 1,1-dimethyl-2-butenyl, 1,1-dimethyl-3-butenyl, 1,2-dimethyl-1-butenyl, 1,2-dimethyl-2-butenyl, 1,2-dimethyl-3-butenyl, 1,3-dimethyl-1-butenyl, 1,3-dimethyl-2-butenyl, 1,3-dimethyl-3-butenyl, 2,2-dimethyl- 3-Butenyl, 2,3-dimethyl-1-butenyl, 2,3-dimethyl-2-butenyl, 2,3-dimethyl-3-butenyl, 3,3-dimethyl-1-butenyl, 3,3-dimethyl-2-butenyl, 1-ethyl-1-butenyl, 1-ethyl-2-butenyl, 1-ethyl-3-butenyl, 2-ethyl-1-butenyl, 2-ethyl-2-butenyl, 2-ethyl-3-butenyl, 1,1,2-trimethyl-2-propenyl, 1-ethyl-1-methyl-2-propenyl, 1-ethyl-2-methyl-1-propenyl and 1-ethyl-2-methyl-2-propenyl;

[0091] Halogenated alkenyl groups: alkenyl groups mentioned above that are partially or wholly substituted with fluorine, chlorine, bromine and / or iodine, such as 2-chloroprop-2-en-1-yl, 3-chloroprop-2-en-1-yl, 2,3-dichloroprop-2-en-1-yl, 3,3-dichloroprop-2-en-1-yl, 2,3,3-trichloro-2-en-1-yl, 2,3-dichlorobut-2-en-1-yl, 2-bromoprop-2-en-1-yl, 3-bromoprop-2-en-1-yl, 2,3-dibromoprop-2-en-1-yl, 3,3-dibromoprop-2-en-1-yl, 2,3,3-tribromo-2-en-1-yl or 2,3-dibromobut-2-en-1-yl;

[0092] Alkynyl and complex groups such as the alkynyl moiety in alkynoxy groups: straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon groups having 2 to 10 carbon atoms and one or two triple bonds at any position, such as C2-C6-alkynyl, including ethynyl, 1-propynyl, 2-propynyl, 1-butynyl, 2-butynyl, 3-butynyl, 1-methyl-2-propynyl, 1-pentynyl, 2-pentynyl, 3-pentynyl, 4-pentynyl, 1-methyl-2-butynyl, 1-methyl-3-butynyl, 2-methyl-3-butynyl, 3-methyl-1-butynyl, 1,1-dimethyl-2-propynyl, 1-ethyl-2-propynyl, 1-hexynyl, 2-hexynyl, 3-hexynyl, 4-hexynyl 5-Hexynyl, 1-Methyl-2-pentynyl, 1-Methyl-3-pentynyl, 1-Methyl-4-pentynyl, 2-Methyl-3-pentynyl, 2-Methyl-4-pentynyl, 3-Methyl-1-pentynyl, 3-Methyl-4-pentynyl, 4-Methyl-1-pentynyl, 4-Methyl-2-pentynyl, 1,1-Dimethyl-2-butynyl, 1,1-Dimethyl-3-butynyl, 1,2-Dimethyl-3-butynyl, 2,2-Dimethyl-3-butynyl, 3,3-Dimethyl-1-butynyl, 1-Ethyl-2-butynyl, 1-Ethyl-3-butynyl, 2-Ethyl-3-butynyl and 1-Ethyl-1-methyl-2-propynyl;

[0093] Halogenated alkynyl: Alynyl groups mentioned above that are partially or wholly substituted with fluorine, chlorine, bromine and / or iodine, such as 1,1-difluoroprop-2-yn-1-yl, 3-chloroprop-2-yn-1-yl, 3-bromoprop-2-yn-1-yl, 3-iodoprop-2-yn-1-yl, 4-fluorobut-2-yn-1-yl, 4-chlorobut-2-yn-1-yl, 1,1-difluorobut-2-yn-1-yl, 4-iodobut-3-yn-1-yl, 5-fluoropent-3-yn-1-yl, 5-iodopent-4-yn-1-yl, 6-fluorohex-4-yn-1-yl or 6-iodohex-5-yn-1-yl;

[0094] Cycloalkyl groups, and also cycloalkyl moieties in complex groups: monocyclic or bicyclic saturated hydrocarbon groups having 3 to 10, particularly 3 to 6, carbon ring members, such as C3-C6-cycloalkyl groups, like cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, or cyclooctyl. Examples of bicyclic groups include bicyclic [2.2.1]heptyl, bicyclic [3.1.1]heptyl, bicyclic [2.2.2]octyl, and bicyclic [3.2.1]octyl. In this regard, optionally substituted C3-C8-cycloalkyl means a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, wherein at least one hydrogen atom, for example 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 hydrogen atoms, is replaced by a substituent that is inert under the reaction conditions. Examples of inert substituents are CN, C1-C6-alkyl, C1-C4-haloalkyl, C1-C6-alkoxy, C3-C6-cycloalkyl, and C1-C4-alkoxy-C1-C6-alkyl;

[0095] The halocycloalkyl moiety in halocycloalkyl and halocycloalkoxy, halocycloalkylcarbonyl, etc.: a monocyclic saturated hydrocarbon group having 3 to 10 carbon ring members (as mentioned above), some or all of which of the hydrogen atoms can be replaced by halogen atoms as mentioned above, especially by fluorine, chlorine and bromine.

[0096] Cycloalkoxy group: a cycloalkyl group as mentioned above that is attached via oxygen;

[0097] Alkoxy groups and also complex groups such as the alkoxy moiety in alkoxyalkyl groups: alkyl groups as defined above attached via oxygen, preferably having 1 to 10, more preferably 2 to 6 carbon atoms. Examples are: methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, 1-methylethoxy, butoxy, 1-methylpropoxy, 2-methylpropoxy or 1,1-dimethylethoxy, and also, for example, pentoxy, 1-methylbutoxy, 2-methylbutoxy, 3-methoxybutoxy, 1,1-dimethylpropoxy, 1,2-dimethylpropoxy, 2,2-dimethylpropoxy, 1-ethylpropoxy, hexoxy, 1-methylpentoxy, 2-methylpentoxy, 3-methylpentoxy, 4-methylpentoxy, 1,1-dimethylbutoxy, 1,2-dimethylbutoxy, 1,3-dimethylbutoxy, 2,2-dimethylbutoxy, 2,3-dimethylbutoxy, 3,3-dimethylbutoxy, 1-ethylbutoxy, 2-ethylbutoxy, 1,1,2-trimethylpropoxy, 1,2,2-trimethylpropoxy, 1-ethyl-1-methylpropoxy or 1-ethyl-2-methylpropoxy;

[0098] Haloalkoxy groups: Alkoxy groups as defined above, wherein some or all of the hydrogen atoms in these groups are replaced by halogen atoms as described above under haloalkyl groups, particularly by fluorine, chlorine, or bromine. Examples are OCH2F, OCHF2, OCF3, OCH2Cl, OCHCl2, OCCl3, chlorofluoromethoxy, dichlorofluoromethoxy, chlorodifluoromethoxy, 2-fluoroethoxy, 2-chloroethoxy, 2-bromoethoxy, 2-iodoethoxy, 2,2-difluoroethoxy, 2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy, 2-chloro-2-fluoroethoxy, 2-chloro-2,2-difluoroethoxy, 2,2-dichloro-2-fluoroethoxy, 2,2,2-trichloroethoxy, OC2F5, 2-fluoropropoxy, 3-fluoropropoxy, 2,2-difluoropropoxy, 2,3-difluoropropoxy, 2-chloropropoxy, 3-chloropropoxy, 2, 3-Dichloropropoxy, 2-bromopropoxy, 3-bromopropoxy, 3,3,3-trifluoropropoxy, 3,3,3-trichloropropoxy, OCH2-C2F5, OCF2-C2F5, 1-(CH2F)-2-fluoroethoxy, 1-(CH2Cl)-2-chloroethoxy, 1-(CH2Br)-2-bromoethoxy, 4-fluorobutoxy, 4-chlorobutoxy, 4-bromobutoxy or nonafluorobutoxy; and also 5-fluoropentoxy, 5-chloropentoxy, 5-bromopentoxy, 5-iodopentoxy, undecylfluoropentoxy, 6-fluorohexyloxy, 6-chlorohexyloxy, 6-bromohexyloxy, 6-iodohexyloxy or dodecafluorohexyloxy;

[0099] Hydroxyl group: an OH group attached via an O atom;

[0100] Cyano group: A CN group attached via a C atom.

[0101] The preferred embodiments of the invention mentioned below should be understood as being preferred either independently or in combination with each other.

[0102] In the context of this invention, herbicidal malondiamide (component A) can be used as is, or, for example, if they have a free carboxyl group (i.e., R). 4 = Hydrogen), then it is used in the form of an agriculturally acceptable salt. Generally, salts of cations are suitable, whose cations do not adversely affect the activity of the active compound.

[0103] Preferred cations are alkali metal ions, preferably lithium, sodium, and potassium ions; alkaline earth metal ions, preferably calcium and magnesium ions; and transition metal ions, preferably manganese, copper, zinc, and iron ions. Additional ammonium and substituted ammonium compounds in which one to four hydrogen atoms are replaced by C1-C4-alkyl, hydroxy-C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-alkoxy-C1-C4-alkyl, hydroxy-C1-C4-alkoxy-C1-C4-alkyl, phenyl, or benzyl groups are preferred. Methylammonium, isopropylammonium, dimethylammonium, diethylammonium, diisopropylammonium, trimethylammonium, triethylammonium, tri(isopropyl)ammonium, heptylammonium, dodecylammonium, tetradecylammonium, tetramethylammonium, tetraethylammonium, and tetrabutylammonium are also preferred. Ammonium, 2-hydroxyethylammonium (ethanolamine salt), 2-(2-hydroxyethyl-1-oxy)ethyl-1-ylammonium (diethylene glycolamine salt), di(2-hydroxyethyl-1-yl)ammonium (diethanolamine salt), tri(2-hydroxyethyl)ammonium (triethanolamine salt), tri(2-hydroxypropyl)ammonium, benzyltrimethylammonium, benzyltriethylammonium, N,N,N-trimethylethanolammonium (choline salt), as well as phosphonium ions, sulfonium ions, preferably tri(C1-C4-alkyl)sulfonium such as trimethylsulfonium, and sulfonium oxide ions, preferably tri(C1-C4-alkyl)sulfonium oxide, and finally polyamines such as salts of N,N-bis-(3-aminopropyl)methylamine and diethylenetriamine.

[0104] The carboxyl-containing whitening herbicide (component B) described herein can be in the form of an acid, in the form of an agriculturally suitable salt as described above for the herbicidal malondiamide (component A), or otherwise in the form of an agriculturally acceptable derivative, for example as an amide such as mono- and di-C1-C6-alkylamides or arylamides, or as an ester such as an allyl ester, propargyl ester, C1-C6 ester, etc. 10 -alkyl esters, alkoxyalkyl esters, tetrahydrofuryl (tefuryl) ((tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl) esters, and also as thioesters, for example as C1-C 10 - Alkylthio esters are used. Preferred mono- and di-C1-C6-alkylamides are methyl and dimethylamides. Preferred arylamides are, for example, acetanilide and 2-chloroacetanilide. Preferred alkyl esters are, for example, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, pentyl, 1-methylhexyl, 1-methylheptyl, heptyl, octyl, or isooctyl (2-ethylhexyl) esters. Preferred C1-C4-alkoxy-C1-C4-alkyl esters are straight-chain or branched C1-C4-alkoxyethyl esters, such as 2-methoxyethyl, 2-ethoxyethyl, 2-butoxyethyl (butoxyethyl), 2-butoxypropyl, or 3-butoxypropyl esters. Straight-chain or branched C1-C 10 An example of an alkylthioester is an ethylthioester.

[0105] If component A or B, as described herein, can form geometric isomers, such as E / Z isomers, then both pure isomers and mixtures thereof can be used in combinations or compositions according to the invention.

[0106] If component A or B, as described herein, has one or more chiral centers and is therefore present as an enantiomer or diastereomer, then both pure enantiomers and diastereomers and mixtures thereof may be used in combinations or compositions according to the invention.

[0107] If component A or B, as described herein, can form tautomers by hydrogen substitution, then references to the component by way of a tautomer description should be considered to include all tautomer forms.

[0108] The malondiamide compound having formula (I) has several chiral centers and therefore exists as a diastereomer.

[0109] In the context of this invention, malondiamide compounds having formula (Ia) are preferred component A of the combination or composition.

[0110]

[0111] Depending on the stereochemical orientation of the methoxy group (R or S), the cis diastereomer Ia exists in different ratios as an epimeric / diastereomer mixture (IaR + IaS).

[0112] In the context of this invention, any ratio of malonamide compounds of formula (I) in the corresponding diastereomer / diastereomer mixtures is considered and is available. Non-limiting examples of the ratio of diastereomers in the corresponding diastereomer / diastereomer mixtures are 100:0, 99.9:0.1, 99.5:0.5, 99:1, 98:2, 95:5, 90:10, 80:20, 70:30, 60:40, 55:45, 50:50, 45:55, 40:60, 30:70, 20:80, 10:90, 5:95, 2:98, 1:99, 0.5:99.5, 0.1:99.9, and 0:100. In some embodiments, the ratio of diastereomers in the corresponding diastereomer / diastereomer mixture is 50: 50+ / - 10%.

[0113] Malonamide compounds having formula (I) are known from WO 2021 / 170464. According to specific embodiments of the invention, those compounds having formula (I) are preferred, wherein the variables, independently or in combination with each other, have the following meanings:

[0114] The preferred component A (malonamide) in the combination or composition according to the invention is a compound having formula (I), wherein R 1 The group selected is from the group consisting of: hydrogen, halogen, (C1-C3)-alkyl, (C1-C3)-haloalkyl, (C1-C3)-alkoxy, and (C1-C3)-haloalkoxy. In a more preferred embodiment, R 1 Choose from the group consisting of: hydrogen, halogens, and (C1-C3)-haloalkoxy groups, especially R 1 Selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and halogens. In a very particularly preferred embodiment, R 1 It is a halogen, such as fluorine, chlorine or bromine.

[0115] Preferred component A in the combination or composition according to the invention is a compound having formula (I), wherein R 2 It is hydrogen.

[0116] Preferred component A in the combination or composition according to the invention is a compound having formula (I), wherein R 3 Selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, halogen, (C1-C3)-alkyl, (C1-C3)-haloalkyl, (C1-C3)-alkoxy, and (C1-C3)-haloalkoxy. In a particularly preferred embodiment, R 3 The group selected is composed of: hydrogen, halogens, and (C1-C3)-haloalkoxy groups. In a very particularly preferred embodiment, R 3 It is a halogen, such as fluorine or chlorine.

[0117] Preferred component A in the combination or composition according to the invention is a compound having formula (I), wherein R 4 Selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, (C1-C6)-alkyl, and (C3-C6)-cycloalkyl. In a particularly preferred embodiment, R 4 The group consisting of: hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopropyl, and cyclobutyl. In the most preferred embodiment, R 4 Choose from the following groups: hydrogen, methyl, and isopropyl.

[0118] In one embodiment, component A in the combination or composition according to the invention is a compound having formula (I), wherein the substituents have the following meanings:

[0119] R 1Selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, halogen, (C1-C3)-alkyl, (C1-C3)-haloalkyl, (C1-C3)-alkoxy and (C1-C3)-haloalkoxy;

[0120] R 2 It is hydrogen;

[0121] R 3 Choose from the group consisting of: hydrogen, halogen, (C1-C3)-alkyl, (C1-C3)-haloalkyl, (C1-C3)-alkoxy, and (C1-C3)-haloalkoxy; and

[0122] R 4 Choose from the following groups: hydrogen, (C1-C6)-alkyl and (C3-C6)-cycloalkyl.

[0123] In another embodiment, component A in the combination or composition according to the invention is a compound having formula (I), wherein the substituents have the following meanings:

[0124] R 1 Choose from the group consisting of: hydrogen, halogens, and (C1-C3)-haloalkoxy groups;

[0125] R 2 It is hydrogen;

[0126] R 3 Choose from the group consisting of: hydrogen, halogens, and (C1-C3)-haloalkoxy groups; and

[0127] R 4 Choose from the following groups: hydrogen, (C1-C6)-alkyl and (C3-C6)-cycloalkyl.

[0128] In another embodiment, preferred component A in the combination or composition according to the invention is a compound having formula (I), wherein the substituents have the following meanings:

[0129] R 1 It is hydrogen or halogen;

[0130] R 2 It is hydrogen;

[0131] R 3 It is halogen; and

[0132] R 4 The group consisting of hydrogen, (C1-C6)-alkyl, and (C3-C6)-cycloalkyl, such as hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, cyclopropyl, and cyclobutyl.

[0133] In a preferred embodiment, component A in the combination or composition according to the present invention is a compound having formula (I), wherein the substituents have the following meanings:

[0134] R 1 It is halogen;

[0135] R 2 It is hydrogen;

[0136] R 3 It is halogen; and

[0137] R 4 The group is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, (C1-C6)-alkyl, and (C3-C6)-cycloalkyl, more preferably hydrogen, methyl, isopropyl, and cyclobutyl.

[0138] In a more preferred embodiment, component A in the combination or composition according to the invention is a compound having formula (Ia), wherein the substituents have the following meanings:

[0139]

[0140] R 1 It is halogen;

[0141] R 2 It is hydrogen;

[0142] R 3 It is halogen; and

[0143] R 4 The group is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, (C1-C6)-alkyl, and (C3-C6)-cycloalkyl, more preferably hydrogen, methyl, isopropyl, and cyclobutyl.

[0144] In another preferred embodiment, component A in the combination or composition according to the invention is a compound having formula (I), wherein the substituents have the following meanings:

[0145] R 1 It is fluorine, chlorine, or bromine;

[0146] R 2 It is hydrogen;

[0147] R 3 It is either fluorine or chlorine; and

[0148] R 4 Choose from the following groups: hydrogen, methyl, isopropyl, and cyclobutyl.

[0149] In a highly preferred embodiment, component A in the combination or composition according to the invention is a compound having formula (Ia), wherein the substituents have the following meanings:

[0150]

[0151] R 1 It is fluorine, chlorine, or bromine;

[0152] R 2 It is hydrogen;

[0153] R 3 It is either fluorine or chlorine; and

[0154] R 4 Choose from the following groups: hydrogen, methyl, isopropyl, and cyclobutyl.

[0155] The most preferred component A in the combination or composition according to the invention is a combination of compounds having formulas (Ia1) to (Ia6) and their corresponding stereoisomers:

[0156]

[0157] Particularly preferred albino herbicides (as component B, which is a component of the combination or composition according to the invention) are the albino herbicides defined above; particularly the albino herbicides B.1-B.57 listed in Table 1 below:

[0158] Table 1:

[0159]

[0160]

[0161] Particularly preferred are the combinations or compositions C (C.1 to C.288) mentioned below, which comprise a herbicidal malondiamide having formula I as component A and a whitening herbicide as component B, each of which is defined as in the corresponding row of Table 2. The weight ratio of the individual components in the preferred combinations or compositions mentioned below is within the limits given herein, and particularly within the preferred limits.

[0162] Table 2 (C.1 to C.288):

[0163]

[0164]

[0165]

[0166] The combination or composition of the present invention comprising malonamide as component A and a whitening herbicide as component B contains a typically weight ratio [w / w] of 5:1 to 1:75, for example 5:1, 4:1, 3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6, 1:7, 1:8, 1:9, 1:10, 1:11, 1:12, 1:13, 1:14, 1:15, 1:16, 1:17, 1:18, 1:19, 1:20, 1:21, 1:22, 1:23, 1:24, 1:25, 1:30, 1 Component A and component B are in the following proportions: 35, 1:40, 1:45, 1:50, 1:55, 1:60, 1:65, 1:70 or 1:75, preferably with a weight ratio [w / w] of 5:1 to 1:25 and more preferably with a weight ratio [w / w] of 5:1 to 1:10.

[0167] Preferred combinations or compositions according to the invention are combinations or compositions D.1 to D.288 as examples of combinations or compositions C.1 to C.288, wherein the weight ratio [w / w] of components A and B is typically 5:1 to 1:75.

[0168] A further preferred combination or composition according to the invention is combination or composition E.1 to E.288, which are examples of combinations or compositions C.1 to C.288, wherein the weight ratio [w / w] of components A and B is typically 5:1 to 1:25.

[0169] A further preferred combination or composition according to the invention is combination or composition F.1 to F.288, which are examples of combinations or compositions C.1 to C.288, wherein the weight ratio [w / w] of components A and B is typically 5:1 to 1:10.

[0170] Those skilled in the art will recognize that, for any combination or composition listed in Table 2 (C.1 to C.288) above, the preferred ratio of component A to component B is likely to be in the range of 5:1 to 1:25, with a preferred range of 2:1 to 1:20. It should be noted that each ratio can be further optimized depending on the mixture pairings. Therefore, ratios such as 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6, 1:7, 1:8, 1:9, 1:10, 1:11, 1:12, 1:13, 1:14, 1:15, 1:16, 1:17, 1:18, 1:19, and 1:20 are also contemplated in the context of this invention.

[0171] A further preferred combination or composition according to the invention is a combination or composition comprising exactly one herbicidal malondiamide as component A and exactly one whitening herbicide as component B.

[0172] A further preferred combination or composition according to the invention is a combination or composition comprising exactly one herbicidal malondiamide as component A and exactly two different whitening herbicides as component B.

[0173] A further preferred combination or composition according to the invention is a combination or composition comprising exactly one herbicide malondiamide as component A, exactly one whitening herbicide as component B, and exactly one safener (component S).

[0174] Safeguards are compounds that protect crops from herbicide-induced damage, namely cloquintocet, cloquintocet, cloquintocet, dichlormid, dicyclonon, dietholate, fenchlorazole, fenclorim, flurazole, fluxofenim, furilazole, isoxadifen, mefenpyr, mephenate, naphthalenecarboxylic anhydride, cloquintocet, 4-(dichloroacetyl)-1-oxa-4-azaspiro[4.5]decane (MON4660, CAS 71526-07-3), and 2,2,5-trimethyl-3-(dichloroacetyl)-1,3-oxazolidine (R-29148, CAS 71526-07-3). 52836-31-4), sulfanilamide, BPCMS (CAS 54091-06-4).

[0175] The whitening herbicide (component B) and safener (component S) are known herbicides and safeners, see, for example, The Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (http: / / www.alanwood.net / pesticides / ); Farm Chemicals Handbook, Vol. 86, 2000, Meister Publishing Company; B. Hock, C. Fedtke, R.R. Schmidt, Herbizide, Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart, 1995; W.H. Ahrens, Herbicide Handbook, 7th edition, Weed Science Society of America, 1994; and K.K. Hatzios, Herbicide Handbook, 7th edition supplement, Weed Science Society of America. 1998. 2,2,5-Trimethyl-3-(dichloroacetyl)-1,3-oxazolidine [CAS No. 52836-31-4] is also known as R-29148. 4-(dichloroacetyl)-1-oxa-4-azaspiro[4.5]decane [CAS No. 71526-07-3] is also known as AD-67 and MON 4660.

[0176] Preferred combinations or compositions according to the invention are combinations or compositions G.1 to G.288, which differ from combinations or compositions D.1 to D.288 because they additionally contain the safener oxalic acid or antitoxin quinolone as component S in a weight ratio of 10:1 to 1:50 (weight ratio of component A to S [w / w]), and more preferably in a weight ratio of 5:1 to 1:25, for example 5:1, 4:1, 3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6, 1:7, 1:8, 1:9, 1:10, 1:11, 1:12, 1:13, 1:14, 1:15, 1:16, 1: 17, 1: 18, 1: 19, 1: 20, 1: 21, 1: 22, 1: 23, 1: 24, 1: 25.

[0177] Preferred combinations or compositions according to the invention are combinations or compositions H.1 to H.288, which differ from combinations or compositions D.1 to D.288 because they additionally contain pyrazole oxalic acid as a safener for component S in a weight ratio [w / w] of 10:1 to 1:50 (weight ratio of component A to S [w / w]), and more preferably in a weight ratio [w / w] of 5:1 to 1:25, for example 5:1, 4:1, 3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6, 1:7, 1:8, 1:9, 1:10, 1:11, 1:12, 1:13, 1:14, 1:15, 1:16, 1: 17, 1:18, 1:19, 1:20, 1:21, 1:22, 1:23, 1:24, 1:25.

[0178] Preferred combinations or compositions according to the invention are combinations or compositions J.1 to J.288, which differ from combinations or compositions D.1 to D.288 because they additionally contain the safener cyclopropanesulfonamide as component S in a weight ratio [w / w] of 10:1 to 1:50 (weight ratio of component A to S [w / w]), and more preferably in a weight ratio [w / w] of 5:1 to 1:25, for example 5:1, 4:1, 3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6, 1:7, 1:8, 1:9, 1:10, 1:11, 1:12, 1:13, 1:14, 1:15, 1:16, 1: 17, 1:18, 1:19, 1:20, 1:21, 1:22, 1:23, 1:24, 1:25.

[0179] Preferred combinations or compositions according to the invention are combinations or compositions K.1 to K.288, which differ from combinations or compositions D.1 to D.288 because they additionally contain the safety agent bis(oxazolyl) acid as component S in a weight ratio [w / w] of 10:1 to 1:50 (weight ratio of component A to S [w / w]), and more preferably in a weight ratio [w / w] of 5:1 to 1:25, for example 5:1, 4:1, 3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6, 1:7, 1:8, 1:9, 1:10, 1:11, 1:12, 1:13, 1:14, 1:15, 1:16, 1: 17, 1:18, 1:19, 1:20, 1:21, 1:22, 1:23, 1:24, 1:25.

[0180] Preferred combinations or compositions according to the invention are combinations or compositions L.1 to L.288, which differ from combinations or compositions D.1 to D.288 because they additionally contain the safener sulfanilamide as component S in a weight ratio [w / w] of 10:1 to 1:50 (weight ratio of component A to S [w / w]), and more preferably in a weight ratio [w / w] of 5:1 to 1:25, for example 5:1, 4:1, 3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6, 1:7, 1:8, 1:9, 1:10, 1:11, 1:12, 1:13, 1:14, 1:15, 1:16, 1:17, 1 : 18、1 : 19、1 : 20、1 : 21、1 : 22、1 : 23、1 : 24、1 : 25。

[0181] Preferred component B in the combination or composition according to the invention is a whitening herbicide according to Table 3:

[0182] Table 3:

[0183]

[0184]

[0185] Therefore, a further preferred combination or composition for weed control in non-crop areas or crop-cultivated areas includes

[0186] A) Herbicidal malonamide (component A), which is selected from compounds having formula (Ia).

[0187]

[0188] The substituents have the following meanings:

[0189] R 1 It is fluorine, chlorine, or bromine;

[0190] R 2 It is hydrogen;

[0191] R 3 It is either fluorine or chlorine; and

[0192] R 4 Choose from the group consisting of: hydrogen, methyl, isopropyl, and cyclobutyl; and

[0193] B) Albinism herbicide (component B), which is selected from phytorepinephrine dehydrogenase (PDS) inhibitors, including flubutyrazole, pyrifluquinazon, flupyrfluquinazon, flurfluquinazon, furazolidone, dapoxetine, flupyrfluquinazon, and pyrimifluquinazon; and hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) inhibitors, including quinclorac, dicyclosulfuron, pyrifluquinazon, flupyrfluquinazon, cyclosulfuron, fenquinazon, isoxaflutole, triazolamide, mesotrione, oxamylsulfuron, sulfadiazine, pyrazosulfuron, and benzylpyridinium. Herbicides including sulfadiazine, sulfadiazine, furazolidone, cyclosulfonamide, pyrazosulfuron, and benzoxazine; deoxy-D-xylulose phosphate synthase (DOXP) inhibitors, isoxaflutole and dichloroisoxaflutole; solanyl diphosphate synthase (SDS) inhibitor, bensulfuron; urosuccinate solanyltransferase (HST) inhibitor, cyclopyridazine; and a whitening herbicide with an unknown target, 2-chloro-3-methylthioalkyl-N-(1-methyltetrazole-5-yl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide (CAS). 1361139-71-0), 2-methyl-N-(5-methyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)-3-methylsulfonyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide, 1-[2-chloro-6-(5-chloropyrimidin-2-yl)oxy-phenyl]-4,4,4-trifluoro-but-1-one (CAS: 2052297-97-7), and 2-chloro-N-(5-methyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)-3-[(S)-methylsulfinyl]-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide.

[0194] Furthermore, the weight ratio [w / w] of component A to component B is between 5:1 and 1:75, for example, 5:1, 4:1, 3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6, 1:7, 1:8, 1:9, 1:10, 1:11, 1:12, 1:13, 1:14, 1:15, 1:16, 1:17, 1:18, 1:19, 1:20, 1:21, 1:22, 1:23, 1:24, 1:25, 1:30, 1:35, 1:40, 1: 45, 1:50, 1:55, 1:60, 1:65, 1:70 or 1:75, preferably 5:1 to 1:25 and more preferably 5:1 to 1:10.

[0195] A highly preferred combination or composition for weed control in non-crop areas or crop-cultivated areas contains

[0196] A) Herbicidal malonamide (component A), which is selected from compounds having formula (Ia).

[0197]

[0198] The substituents have the following meanings:

[0199] R 1 It is fluorine, chlorine, or bromine;

[0200] R 2 It is hydrogen;

[0201] R 3 It is either fluorine or chlorine; and

[0202] R 4 Choose from the group consisting of: hydrogen, methyl, isopropyl, and cyclobutyl; and

[0203] B) Albino herbicide (component B), which is selected from phytorepinephrine dehydrogenase (PDS) inhibitors, flubutyrazole, pyrifluquinazon, flufenoxuron, fluroxypyr, furazolidone, dapoxetine, flupyrazole, and pyrimifluzazole; and

[0204] The weight ratio [w / w] of component A to component B is from 5:1 to 1:75, for example 5:1, 4:1, 3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6, 1:7, 1:8, 1:9, 1:10, 1:11, 1:12, 1:13, 1:14, 1:15, 1:16, 1:17, 1:18, 1:19, 1:20, 1:21, 1:22, 1:23, 1:24, 1:25, 1:30, 1:35, 1:40, 1: 45, 1:50, 1:55, 1:60, 1:65, 1:70 or 1:75, preferably 5:1 to 1:25 and more preferably 5:1 to 1:10.

[0205] Further preferred combinations or compositions for weed control in non-crop areas or crop-cultivated areas include

[0206] A) Herbicidal malonamide (component A), which is selected from compounds having formula (I),

[0207]

[0208] The substituents have the following meanings:

[0209] R 1 It is fluorine, chlorine, or bromine;

[0210] R 2 It is hydrogen;

[0211] R 3 It is either fluorine or chlorine; and

[0212] R 4 Choose from the group consisting of: hydrogen, methyl, isopropyl, and cyclobutyl; and

[0213] B) Albino herbicide (component B), which is selected from hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) inhibitors, quinclorac, cypermethrin, fluopyram, cycloflufenoxam, fenquinoline, isoxaflutole, triazine, mesotrione, oxamylsulfuron, sulfadiazine, pyrazosulfuron, benzylpyrazol, sulfadiazine, furazolidone, cyclosulfuron, pyrazosulfuron-methyl, and benzoxazine; and

[0214] The weight ratio [w / w] of component A to component B is from 5:1 to 1:75, for example 5:1, 4:1, 3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6, 1:7, 1:8, 1:9, 1:10, 1:11, 1:12, 1:13, 1:14, 1:15, 1:16, 1:17, 1:18, 1:19, 1:20, 1:21, 1:22, 1:23, 1:24, 1:25, 1:30, 1:35, 1:40, 1: 45, 1:50, 1:55, 1:60, 1:65, 1:70 or 1:75, preferably 5:1 to 1:25 and more preferably 5:1 to 1:10.

[0215] Further preferred combinations or compositions for weed control in non-crop areas or crop-cultivated areas include

[0216] A) Herbicidal malonamide (component A), which is selected from compounds having formula (I),

[0217]

[0218] The substituents have the following meanings:

[0219] R 1 It is fluorine, chlorine, or bromine;

[0220] R 2 It is hydrogen;

[0221] R 3 It is either fluorine or chlorine; and

[0222] R 4 Choose from the group consisting of: hydrogen, methyl, isopropyl, and cyclobutyl; and

[0223] B) Albino herbicide (component B), which is selected from deoxy-D-xylulose phosphate synthase (DOXP) inhibitors, isoxaflutole and dichloroisoxaflutole; solanyl diphosphate synthase (SDS) inhibitor, bensulfuron-methyl; urine solanyltransferase (HST) inhibitor, cyclopyridazine; and

[0224] The weight ratio [w / w] of component A to component B is from 5:1 to 1:75, for example 5:1, 4:1, 3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6, 1:7, 1:8, 1:9, 1:10, 1:11, 1:12, 1:13, 1:14, 1:15, 1:16, 1:17, 1:18, 1:19, 1:20, 1:21, 1:22, 1:23, 1:24, 1:25, 1:30, 1:35, 1:40, 1: 45, 1:50, 1:55, 1:60, 1:65, 1:70 or 1:75, preferably 5:1 to 1:25 and more preferably 5:1 to 1:10.

[0225] Further preferred combinations or compositions for weed control in non-crop areas or crop-cultivated areas include

[0226] A) Herbicidal malonamide (component A), which is selected from compounds having formula (Ia).

[0227]

[0228] The substituents have the following meanings:

[0229] R 1 It is fluorine, chlorine, or bromine;

[0230] R 2 It is hydrogen;

[0231] R 3 It is either fluorine or chlorine; and

[0232] R 4 Choose from the group consisting of: hydrogen, methyl, isopropyl, and cyclobutyl; and

[0233] B) Albino herbicides (component B), wherein the albino herbicides are selected from flubutyrazole, pyrfluthrin, flupyrfluthrin, isoxaflutole, mesotrione, benzoxazine, dichloroisoxane, bensulfuron, and cyclopyridazine; as well as pyras, benzobic, and bicyclop.

[0234] The weight ratio [w / w] of component A to component B is between 5:1 and 1:75, for example, 5:1, 4:1, 3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6, 1:7, 1:8, 1:9, 1:10, 1:11, 1:12, 1:13, 1:14, 1:15, 1:16, 1:17, 1:18, 1:19, 1:20, 1:21, 1:22, 1:23, 1:24, 1:25, 1:30, 1:35, 1:40, 1: 45, 1:50, 1:55, 1:60, 1:65, 1:70 or 1:75, preferably 5:1 to 1:25 and more preferably 5:1 to 1:10.

[0235] Further preferred combinations or compositions for weed control in non-crop areas or crop-cultivated areas include

[0236] A) Herbicidal malonamide (component A), which is selected from compounds having formula (Ia).

[0237]

[0238] The substituents have the following meanings:

[0239] R 1 It is fluorine, chlorine, or bromine;

[0240] R 2 It is hydrogen;

[0241] R 3 It is either fluorine or chlorine; and

[0242] R 4 Choose from the group consisting of: hydrogen, methyl, isopropyl, and cyclobutyl; and

[0243] B) Albino herbicide (component B), which is selected from flubutyrazole, pyrfluthrin, flupyrfluthrin, isoxaflutole, mesotrione, benzoxazine, sulfadiazine, bicyclosulfuron, flupyrazole, dichloroisooxaflutole, bensulfuron-methyl, and cyclopyridazine.

[0244] The weight ratio [w / w] of component A to component B is between 5:1 and 1:75, for example, 5:1, 4:1, 3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6, 1:7, 1:8, 1:9, 1:10, 1:11, 1:12, 1:13, 1:14, 1:15, 1:16, 1:17, 1:18, 1:19, 1:20, 1:21, 1:22, 1:23, 1:24, 1:25, 1:30, 1:35, 1:40, 1: 45, 1:50, 1:55, 1:60, 1:65, 1:70 or 1:75, preferably 5:1 to 1:25 and more preferably 5:1 to 1:10.

[0245] A particularly preferred combination or composition for weed control in non-crop areas or crop-cultivated areas contains

[0246] A) Herbicidal malonamide (component A), wherein the herbicidal malonamide is selected from compounds having the formulas Ia1, Ia2, Ia3, Ia4, Ia5, and Ia6, preferably Ia1; and

[0247] B) Albinism herbicide (component B), which is selected from phytorepinephrine dehydrogenase (PDS) inhibitors, including flubutyrazole, pyrifluquinazon, flupyrfluquinazon, flurfluquinazon, furazolidone, dapoxetine, flupyrfluquinazon, and pyrimifluquinazon; and hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) inhibitors, including quinclorac, dicyclosulfuron, pyrifluquinazon, flupyrfluquinazon, cyclosulfuron, fenquinazon, isoxaflutole, triazolamide, mesotrione, oxamylsulfuron, sulfadiazine, pyrazosulfuron, and benzylpyridinium. Herbicides including sulfadiazine, sulfadiazine, furazolidone, cyclosulfonamide, pyrazosulfuron, and benzoxazine; deoxy-D-xylulose phosphate synthase (DOXP) inhibitors, isoxaflutole and dichloroisoxaflutole; solanyl diphosphate synthase (SDS) inhibitor, bensulfuron; urosuccinate solanyltransferase (HST) inhibitor, cyclopyridazine; and a whitening herbicide with an unknown target, 2-chloro-3-methylthioalkyl-N-(1-methyltetrazole-5-yl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide (CAS). 1361139-71-0), 2-methyl-N-(5-methyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)-3-methylsulfonyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide, 1-[2-chloro-6-(5-chloropyrimidin-2-yl)oxy-phenyl]-4,4,4-trifluoro-but-1-one (CAS: 2052297-97-7), and 2-chloro-N-(5-methyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)-3-[(S)-methylsulfinyl]-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide; and

[0248] The weight ratio [w / w] of component A to component B is from 5:1 to 1:75, for example 5:1, 4:1, 3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6, 1:7, 1:8, 1:9, 1:10, 1:11, 1:12, 1:13, 1:14, 1:15, 1:16, 1:17, 1:18, 1:19, 1:20, 1:21, 1:22, 1:23, 1:24, 1:25, 1:30, 1:35, 1:40, 1: 45, 1:50, 1:55, 1:60, 1:65, 1:70 or 1:75, preferably 5:1 to 1:25 and more preferably 5:1 to 1:10.

[0249] Further, very particularly preferred combinations or compositions for weed control in non-crop areas or crop-cultivated areas include

[0250] A) Herbicidal malonamide (component A), wherein the herbicidal malonamide is selected from compounds having the formulas Ia1, Ia2, Ia3, Ia4, Ia5 and Ia6, preferably Ia1; and

[0251] B). Albino herbicide (component B), which is selected from phytorepinephrine dehydrogenase (PDS) inhibitors, flubutyrazole, pyrifluquinazon, flufenoxuron, fluroxypyr, furazolidone, dapoxetine, flupyrazole, and pyrimisulfuron; and

[0252] The weight ratio [w / w] of component A to component B is from 5:1 to 1:75, for example 5:1, 4:1, 3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6, 1:7, 1:8, 1:9, 1:10, 1:11, 1:12, 1:13, 1:14, 1:15, 1:16, 1:17, 1:18, 1:19, 1:20, 1:21, 1:22, 1:23, 1:24, 1:25, 1:30, 1:35, 1:40, 1: 45, 1:50, 1:55, 1:60, 1:65, 1:70 or 1:75, preferably 5:1 to 1:25 and more preferably 5:1 to 1:10.

[0253] Further, very particularly preferred combinations or compositions for weed control in non-crop areas or crop-cultivated areas include

[0254] A) Herbicidal malonamide (component A), wherein the herbicidal malonamide is selected from compounds having the formulas Ia1, Ia2, Ia3, Ia4, Ia5, and Ia6, preferably Ia1; and

[0255] B) Albino herbicide (component B), which is selected from hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) inhibitors, quinclorac, cypermethrin, fluopyram, cycloflufenoxam, fenquinoline, isoxaflutole, triazine, mesotrione, oxamylsulfuron, sulfadiazine, pyrazosulfuron, benzylpyrazol, sulfadiazine, furazolidone, cyclosulfuron, pyrazosulfuron-methyl, and benzoxazine; and

[0256] The weight ratio [w / w] of component A to component B is from 5:1 to 1:75, for example 5:1, 4:1, 3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6, 1:7, 1:8, 1:9, 1:10, 1:11, 1:12, 1:13, 1:14, 1:15, 1:16, 1:17, 1:18, 1:19, 1:20, 1:21, 1:22, 1:23, 1:24, 1:25, 1:30, 1:35, 1:40, 1: 45, 1:50, 1:55, 1:60, 1:65, 1:70 or 1:75, preferably 5:1 to 1:25 and more preferably 5:1 to 1:10.

[0257] Further, very particularly preferred combinations or compositions for weed control in non-crop areas or crop-cultivated areas include

[0258] A) Herbicidal malonamide (component A), wherein the herbicidal malonamide is selected from compounds having the formulas Ia1, Ia2, Ia3, Ia4, Ia5, and Ia6, preferably Ia1; and

[0259] B) Albino herbicide (component B), which is selected from deoxy-D-xylulose phosphate synthase (DOXP) inhibitors, isoxaflutole and dichloroisoxaflutole; solanyl diphosphate synthase (SDS) inhibitor, bensulfuron-methyl; urine solanyltransferase (HST) inhibitor, cyclopyridazine; and

[0260] The weight ratio [w / w] of component A to component B is from 5:1 to 1:75, for example 5:1, 4:1, 3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6, 1:7, 1:8, 1:9, 1:10, 1:11, 1:12, 1:13, 1:14, 1:15, 1:16, 1:17, 1:18, 1:19, 1:20, 1:21, 1:22, 1:23, 1:24, 1:25, 1:30, 1:35, 1:40, 1: 45, 1:50, 1:55, 1:60, 1:65, 1:70 or 1:75, preferably 5:1 to 1:25 and more preferably 5:1 to 1:10.

[0261] Further, very particularly preferred combinations or compositions for weed control in non-crop areas or crop-cultivated areas include

[0262] A) Herbicidal malonamide (component A), wherein the herbicidal malonamide is selected from compounds having the formulas Ia1, Ia2, Ia3, Ia4, Ia5, and Ia6, preferably Ia1; and

[0263] B) Albino herbicide (component B), wherein the albino herbicide is selected from flubutyrazole, pyrifluquinazon, flubutyrazole, isoxaflutole, mesotrione, benzoxazole, dichloroisoxane, bensulfuron-methyl, and cyclopyridazon; and

[0264] The weight ratio [w / w] of component A to component B is from 5:1 to 1:75, for example 5:1, 4:1, 3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6, 1:7, 1:8, 1:9, 1:10, 1:11, 1:12, 1:13, 1:14, 1:15, 1:16, 1:17, 1:18, 1:19, 1:20, 1:21, 1:22, 1:23, 1:24, 1:25, 1:30, 1:35, 1:40, 1: 45, 1:50, 1:55, 1:60, 1:65, 1:70 or 1:75, preferably 5:1 to 1:25 and more preferably 5:1 to 1:10.

[0265] Further, very particularly preferred combinations or compositions for weed control in non-crop areas or crop-cultivated areas include

[0266] A) Herbicidal malonamide (component A), wherein the herbicidal malonamide is selected from compounds having the formulas Ia1, Ia2, Ia3, Ia4, Ia5, and Ia6, preferably Ia1; and

[0267] B) Albino herbicide (component B), wherein the albino herbicide is selected from flubutyrazole, pyrifluquinazon, flupyrazole, isoxaflutole, mesotrione, benzoxazole, sulfadiazine, bicyclosulfuron, flupyrazole, dichloroisoxane, bensulfuron, and cyclopyridazine; and

[0268] The weight ratio [w / w] of component A to component B is from 5:1 to 1:75, for example 5:1, 4:1, 3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6, 1:7, 1:8, 1:9, 1:10, 1:11, 1:12, 1:13, 1:14, 1:15, 1:16, 1:17, 1:18, 1:19, 1:20, 1:21, 1:22, 1:23, 1:24, 1:25, 1:30, 1:35, 1:40, 1: 45, 1:50, 1:55, 1:60, 1:65, 1:70 or 1:75, preferably 5:1 to 1:25 and more preferably 5:1 to 1:10.

[0269] The combinations or compositions according to the invention are suitable as herbicides. They are suitable either as is or as appropriately formulated compositions (agrochemical compositions).

[0270] In the method according to the invention, the desired application rate of the combination or composition comprising malondiamide as component A and a whitening herbicide as component B depends on the density of the unwanted vegetation, the developmental stage of the plants, the climatic conditions of the location where the composition is applied, and the application method.

[0271] Typically, the application rate of malondiamide (total amount of component A) as a component A in a combination or composition is 1 g / ha to 500 g / ha, preferably 1 g / ha to 250 g / ha, more preferably 2 g / ha to 100 g / ha of active substance.

[0272] Typically, a description of a range of values ​​refers to each individual value within that range. This means that each individual value within the range is included in this specification as if it were described separately. The range includes endpoints, and any combination of values ​​within the range can be used independently. When referring to numeric values ​​or ranges of values, integers and fractions within the range are included unless the context explicitly indicates otherwise.

[0273] For example, the application rate range of 1 g / ha to 100 g / ha includes all application rates having values ​​between 1 and 100, namely 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, and 99, as well as values ​​like 30.1, 35.4, 42.5, and 48.8.

[0274] In one embodiment of the method according to the invention, the herbicidal malondiamide (total amount of component A) as component A of the combination or composition is applied as a sterilization treatment at an application rate of 1 g / ha to 500 g / ha, for example 2 g / ha to 250 g / ha.

[0275] In one embodiment of the method according to the invention, the herbicidal malondiamide (total amount of component A) as component A of the combination or composition is applied before crop emergence at an application rate of 1 g / ha to 500 g / ha, for example 2 g / ha to 250 g / ha of component A.

[0276] In a specific embodiment of the method according to the invention, the herbicidal malondiamide (total amount of component A) as component A of the combination or composition is applied after crop emergence at an application rate of 1 g / ha to 500 g / ha, preferably at an application rate of 1 to 250 g / ha, and more preferably at an application rate of 2 to 100 g / ha.

[0277] Typically, the application rate (total amount of component B) of the whitening herbicide as a combination or composition is from 1 g / ha to 2000 g / ha, and preferably in the range of 2 g / ha to 1000 g / ha or 3 g / ha to 500 g / h.

[0278] The application rates of components A and B mentioned above indicate the amount of surfactant in the absence of adjuvants such as carrier materials or surfactants.

[0279] Non-limiting examples of the application rates of components A and B in the method according to the invention for controlling weeds in non-crop areas or crop-cultivated areas are provided in Table 4.

[0280] Table 4:

[0281]

[0282]

[0283]

[0284]

[0285]

[0286] The combinations or compositions according to the invention are suitable for application in non-crop areas and crop-cultivated areas.

[0287] As used herein, the term "non-crop area" refers to any area of ​​land not used for crop cultivation or agricultural production. Combinations or formulations according to the invention can be applied to non-crop areas for weed control and vegetation management. For example, combinations or formulations according to the invention can be used to control weeds and unwanted plant growth in turf, lawns, parks, and gardens. They can also be used to maintain vegetated areas around roads, railways, sidewalks, and other infrastructure.

[0288] In the context of this invention, "lawn" refers to a land area covered with short-cut grass, typically used for aesthetic and recreational purposes. It is commonly found in residential and commercial properties, parks, and other public spaces.

[0289] "Turf" refers to the actual herbaceous plants that make up a lawn. It includes the visible grass blades as well as the roots and soil beneath. In the context of this invention, turf is the target of weed control, which aims to eliminate unwanted plant growth while preserving desired grass species.

[0290] Common grass species used for turf include Kentucky Bluegrass (Poapratensis), Bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon), Zoysia spp., Lolium spp., and Festuca spp.

[0291] As used in this article, the term "crop cultivation area" refers to any land used for growing crops, such as fields, gardens, orchards, vineyards, etc. Herbicides are typically applied to these areas to control the growth of unwanted plants or weeds that may compete with crops for nutrients, water, and sunlight.

[0292] Unless otherwise stated, the combinations or compositions according to the invention are suitable for application in any kind of crop as outlined herein.

[0293] In the context of this invention, crop plants (cultivated plants) should be understood to include all species, subspecies, varieties, and / or hybrids belonging to the corresponding cultivated plants, including but not limited to winter and spring varieties, particularly cereals such as wheat and barley, such as winter wheat, spring wheat, winter barley, etc. Winter wheat varieties of the species common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) (TRZAW) include varieties such as Cubus, Chevignon, Foxx, Informer, Extase, and Skyscraper.

[0294] Combinations or arrangements according to the present invention are generally suitable for controlling weeds in the following crops:

[0295] Onion (Allium cepa, onions), garlic (Allium sativum, garlic), pineapple (Ananascomosus, pineapples), peanut (Arachis hypogaea) [peanut (groundnuts)], asparagus (Asparagus officinalis), sugar beet (Beta vulgaris spec. altissima), turnip (Beta vulgaris spec. rapa, turnips), tea (Camellia sinensis), safflower (Carthamus tinctorius), pecan (Carya illinoinensis), lemon (Citrus limon, lemons), sweet orange (Citrus sinensis), small-bean coffee (Coffea arbica), medium-bean coffee (Coffea canephora), large-bean coffee (Coffea liberica), cucumber (Cucumis sativus, cucumber), bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) dactylon, Bermudagrass, carrot (Daucus carota subspec. sativa, carrot), oil palm (Elaeis guineensis, oil palms), European strawberry (Fragaria vesca) (strawberry), soybean (Glycine max, soybeans), upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), Asian cotton (Gossypium arboreum), herb cotton (Gossypium herbaceum), grape-leaf cotton (Gossypium vitifolium), rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis, rubber plants), barley (Hordeum vulgare, barley), hops (Humulus lupulus, hops), sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas, sweetpotatoes), walnut (Juglans regia) (walnut tree), lentil (Lens culinaris, lentil), flax (Linumus itatisimum, flax), tomato (Lycopersicon) lycopersicum, tomatoes), and species of the genus Malus (Malusspec).Apple tree, cassava (Manihot esculenta, cassava), alfalfa (Medicago sativa [alfalfa (lucerne)]), banana species (Musa spec.), tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) (yellow-flowered tobacco (N. rustica)), olive (Olea europaea), rice (Oryzasativa), lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus), green bean (Phaseolus vulgaris, snapbeans), European spruce (Picea abies, Norway spruce), pine species (Pinus spec.), pistachio (Pistacia vera), pea (Pisum sativum), European sweet cherry (Prunus avium), peach (Prunus Peach (Prunus persica), pear (Pyrus communis), apricot (Prunus armeniaca), sour cherry (Prunus cerasus), almond (Prunus dulcis), plum (Prunus domestica), red currant (Ribes sylvestre), castor bean (Ricinus communis), sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum), rye (Secale cereale), white mustard (Sinapisalba), potato (Solanum tuberosum), bicolor sorghum (Sorghum bicolor).cacao (the cacao plant), red clover (Trifolium aestivum), wild wheat (Triticale triticale), durum wheat (Triticum durum), fudge (Triticum turgidum), spelt wheat (Triticum spelta), broad beans (Vicia faba), grapes (Vitis vinifera), and maize (Zea mays) (maize, such as Indian corn, sweet corn, popcorn corn, seed corn, and feed corn).

[0296] Combinations or arrangements according to the invention are particularly suitable for controlling weeds in the following crops:

[0297] Onions, garlic, peanuts, beets, bermudagrass, carrots, soybeans, upland cotton, Asian cotton, grass cotton, grape leaf cotton, sunflowers, barley, lentils, flax, tomatoes, apple species, alfalfa, rice, golden bean, common bean, pea, sugarcane, rye, potatoes, bicolor sorghum, black wheat, common wheat, durum wheat, broad beans, grapes, and maize (Zea mays) (maize, such as Indian maize, sweet maize, popcorn maize, seed maize, and feed maize).

[0298] In a preferred embodiment, the combination or composition according to the invention is used to control weeds in turf and the following crops: cereals, maize (corn, such as Indian maize, sweet maize, popcorn, seed maize and feed maize), sorghum, rice, peas, broad beans, phaseolus beans, peanuts, cotton, potatoes, sugar beets, sugarcane, and vegetables.

[0299] In particularly preferred embodiments, combinations or compositions according to the invention are used to control weeds in turf and the following crops: wheat, barley, rye, triticale, maize (corn, such as Indian maize, sweet maize, popcorn maize, seed maize and feed maize), sorghum, rice, peas, broad beans, kidney beans, peanuts, cotton, potatoes, sugar beets, sugarcane and vegetables.

[0300] In a particularly preferred embodiment, unwanted vegetation in the grain is controlled. Specifically, the grain is selected from the group consisting of wheat, barley, rye, and triticale.

[0301] The combinations or compositions according to the invention are particularly suitable for controlling weeds in fields with turf and the following cereal crops: for example

[0302] - Cereals (minor crops) such as wheat (common wheat) and wheat-like crops such as durum wheat (durum wheat), einkorn (T. monococcum), emmer (T. dicoccon) and spelt (T. spelta), rye, triticale (Tritiosecale), barley;

[0303] - Sorghum (e.g., bicolor sorghum); and

[0304] - Rice (Oryza species, such as rice and African cultivated rice);

[0305] The combinations or compositions according to the invention are particularly suitable for controlling weeds in fields of grains, sorghum and rice.

[0306] According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, an effective amount of a combination or composition selected from C.1 to C.288, D.1 to D.288, E.1 to E.288, F.1 to F.288, G.1 to G.288, H.1 to H.288, J.1 to J.288, K.1 to K.288 or L.1 to L.288 is applied to a crop cultivation area in which wheat, durum wheat, single-grain wheat, double-grain wheat, spelt wheat, rye, triticale or barley (preferably barley or wheat) is grown.

[0307] According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, an effective amount of a combination or composition selected from C.1 to C.288, D.1 to D.288, E.1 to E.288, F.1 to F.288, G.1 to G.288, H.1 to H.288, J.1 to J.288, K.1 to K.288 or L.1 to L.288 is applied to a non-crop area of ​​cultivated turf.

[0308] According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, an effective amount of a combination or composition selected from C.1, C.2, C.7, C10, C.19, C.21, C.24, C.32, C.35, C.38, C.39, and C.47 is applied to a crop cultivation area where wheat, durum wheat, single-grain wheat, double-grain wheat, spelt wheat, rye, black wheat, or barley (preferably barley or wheat) is grown.

[0309] As used in this article, the term "crop" also includes (crop) plants that have been modified by mutagenesis or genetic engineering to provide new traits or improve existing traits.

[0310] Mutagenesis includes random mutagenesis techniques using X-rays or mutagenic chemicals, but there are also targeted mutagenesis techniques that aim to induce mutations at specific loci in the plant genome. Targeted mutagenesis techniques often use oligonucleotides or proteins like CRISPR / Cas, zinc finger nucleases, TALENs, or a wide range of nucleases to achieve a targeted effect.

[0311] Genetic engineering typically uses recombinant DNA technology to create modifications in the plant genome that cannot be easily obtained naturally through hybridization, mutagenesis, or natural recombination. Typically, one or more genes are integrated into the plant genome to enhance or improve traits. These integrated genes are also known in the art as transgenes, and plants containing such transgenes are called transgenic plants. The process of plant transformation usually produces several transformation events, which differ at the genomic loci where the transgene has been integrated. Plants containing a specific transgene at a particular genomic locus are often described as containing a specific "event," identified by the event name. Traits that have been introduced into plants or modified include, in particular, herbicide tolerance, insect resistance, increased yield, and tolerance to abiotic conditions such as drought.

[0312] Herbicide tolerance has been developed through mutagenesis and genetic engineering. Plants induced to tolerate acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitor herbicides through conventional mutagenesis and breeding methods include those named Clearfield. ® Commercially acquired plant varieties. However, most herbicide tolerance traits have been developed through the use of genetic modification.

[0313] Herbicide tolerance has been developed to glyphosate, glufosinate, 2,4-D, dicamba, oxynil herbicides such as bromobenzonitrile and iodobenzonitrile, sulfonylurea herbicides, ALS inhibitor herbicides, and 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) inhibitors such as isoxaflutole and mesotrione.

[0314] Transgenic herbicides already used to provide herbicide tolerance traits include: glyphosate tolerance: cp4 epsps, epsps grg23ace5, mepsps, 2mepsps, gat4601, gat4621, and goxv247; glufosinate tolerance: pat and bar; 2,4-D tolerance: aad-1 and aad-12; dicamba tolerance: dmo; benzonitrile herbicide tolerance: bxn; sulfonylurea herbicide tolerance: zm-hra, csr1-2, gm-hra, and S4-HrA; ALS inhibitor herbicide tolerance: csr1-2; and HPPD inhibitor herbicide tolerance: hppdPF, W336, and avhppd-03.

[0315] Transgenic maize events containing herbicide tolerance genes include, for example (but not excluding others), DAS40278, MON801, MON802, MON809, MON810, MON832, MON87411, MON87419, MON87427, MON88017, MON89034, NK603, GA21, MZHG0JG, HCEM485, VCO-Ø1981-5, 676, 678, 680, 33121, 4114, 59122, 98140, Bt10, Bt176, CBH-351, DBT418, DLL25, MS3, MS6, MZIR098, T25, TC1507, and TC6275.

[0316] Transgenic soybeans containing herbicide tolerance genes include, for example (but not excluding others), GTS 40-3-2, MON87705, MON87708, MON87712, MON87769, MON89788, A2704-12, A2704-21, A5547-127, A5547-35, DP356043, DAS44406-6, DAS68416-4, DAS-81419-2, GU262, SYHTØH2, W62, W98, FG72, and CV127.

[0317] Transgenic cotton events containing herbicide tolerance genes include, for example (but excluding others), 19-51a, 31707, 42317, 81910, 281-24-236, 3006-210-23, BXN10211, BXN10215, BXN10222, BXN10224, MON1445, MON1698, MON88701, MON88913, GHB119, GHB614, LLCotton25, T303-3, and T304-40.

[0318] Transgenic canola events containing herbicide tolerance genes include, for example (but excluding others), MON88302, HCR-1, HCN10, HCN28, HCN92, MS1, MS8, PHY14, PHY23, PHY35, PHY36, RF1, RF2, and RF3.

[0319] Insect resistance is primarily developed by transferring bacterial genes encoding insecticidal proteins into plants. The most commonly used transgenes are toxin genes from Bacillus species and their synthetic variants, such as cry1A, cry1Ab, cry1Ab-Ac, cry1Ac, cry1A.105, cry1F, cry1Fa2, cry2Ab2, cry2Ae, mcry3A, ecry3.1Ab, cry3Bb1, cry34Ab1, cry35Ab1, cry9C, vip3A(a), and vip3Aa20. However, plant-derived genes have also been transferred into other plants, particularly genes encoding protease inhibitors, such as CpTI and pinII. Another approach uses transgenes to generate double-stranded RNA in plants to target and downregulate insect genes. An example of such a transgene is dvsnf7.

[0320] Transgenic maize genes containing insecticidal proteins or double-stranded RNA include, for example (but not excluding others), Bt10, Bt11, Bt176, MON801, MON802, MON809, MON810, MON863, MON87411, MON88017, MON89034, 33121, 4114, 5307, 59122, TC1507, TC6275, CBH-351, MIR162, DBT418, and MZIR098.

[0321] Genetically modified soybeans containing genes for insecticidal proteins include, for example (but not excluding others), MON87701, MON87751 and DAS-81419.

[0322] Transgenic cotton events containing genes for insecticidal proteins include, for example (but not excluding others), SGK321, MON531, MON757, MON1076, MON15985, 31707, 31803, 31807, 31808, 42317, BNLA-601, Event1, COT67B, COT102, T303-3, T304-40, GFM Cry1A, GK12, MLS 9124, 281-24-236, 3006-210-23, GHB119, and SGK321.

[0323] Increased yields are achieved by using the transgenic athb17 present in maize event MON87403 to increase ear biomass, or by using the transgenic bbx32 present in soybean event MON87712 to enhance photosynthesis.

[0324] Crop varieties with improved oil content have been produced using the following transgenic genes: gm-fad2-1, Pj.D6D, Nc.Fad3, fad2-1A, and fatb1-A. Soybean events containing at least one of these genes are: 260-05, MON87705, and MON87769.

[0325] Tolerance to abiotic conditions, particularly drought tolerance, has been achieved through the use of the transgenic cspB contained in the maize event MON87460 and the transgenic Hahb-4 contained in the soybean event IND-ØØ41Ø-5.

[0326] Traits are typically combined by combining genes during transformation events or by combining different events during the breeding process. Preferred combinations of traits include herbicide tolerance to different groups of herbicides, insect tolerance to different species of insects, particularly tolerance to Lepidoptera and Coleoptera, herbicide tolerance combined with resistance to one or more types of insects, herbicide tolerance combined with increased yield, and herbicide tolerance combined with tolerance to abiotic conditions.

[0327] Plants containing single or superimposed traits, as well as the genes and events that provide these traits, are well known in the art. For example, detailed information on mutagenic or integrated genes and corresponding events can be obtained from the websites of agencies such as the International Service for the Application of Agricultural Biotechnology (ISAAA) (http: / / www.isaaa.org / gmapprovaldatabase) and the Centre for Environmental Risk Assessment (CERA) (http: / / cera-gmc.org / GMCropDatabase), as well as patent applications such as EP 3028573 and WO2017 / 011288.

[0328] Using the combinations or compositions according to the invention on crops may result in specific effects on crops containing a particular gene or event. These effects may involve alterations in growth behavior or changes in resistance to biotic or abiotic stresses. Such effects may in particular include increased yield, increased resistance or tolerance to insect, nematode, fungus, bacteria, mycoplasma, virus, or viroid pathogens, as well as early vigor, early or delayed maturity, cold or heat tolerance, and altered amino acid or fatty acid profiles or contents.

[0329] In addition, it also covers plants that specifically improve raw material production by using recombinant DNA technology to contain modified or new components, such as potatoes that produce increased amounts of amylopectin.

[0330] The combinations and compositions according to the invention can be used to control a wide variety of harmful plants (undesirable vegetation), including monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous weeds.

[0331] In cereal crop cultivation areas, the combinations and compositions of the present invention effectively control a wide range of weed species, including both monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous species from various genera and species, such as *Abutilon*, *Aeschynomene*, *Alisma*, *Alopecurus*, *Alternanthera*, *Amaranthus*, *Ambrosia*, *Ammannia*, and *Stellaria*. (Anagallis), Anthemis, Arctium, Arctotheca, Bacopa, Bassia, Bidens, Bifora, Bolboschoenus, Brachiaria, Brassica, Bromus secalinus, Bromus sterilis, Bromus squarinus tectorum, Caperonia, Capsella, Calystegia, Centaurea, Cephalotaxus, Chenopodium, Chloris, Cleome, Commelina, Convolvulus, Conyza, Cynodon, Cyperus, Descurainia, Desmodium, Digitaria gitaria, Echinochloa, Eclipta, Eleocharis, Eleusine, Elymus, Eriochloa, Erigeron, Equisetum, Erodium, Euphorbia, Fagopyrum, Fimbristylis, Galium, Galeopsis, Geranium, Helianthus*Helianthus*, *Heteranthera*, *Ipomoea*, *Ischaemum*, *Isolepis*, *Kochia*, *Lactuca*, *Lamium*, *Lappula*, *Leersia*, *Leptochloa*, *Lepidium*, *Lindernia*, *Limnocharis*, *Linum*, *Lolium*, *Ludwigia*, *Luziola*, *Malva*, *Marsilia*, *Matricaria*, *Melochia*, *Mollugo*, *Monochoria*, *Oryza* *Latifolia*, *Oryza rufipogon*, *Panicum*, *Papaver*, *Paspalum*, *Persicaria*, *Phalaris*, *Plantago*, *Poa*, *Polygonum*, *Pontederia*, *Portulaca*, *Potamogeton*, *Puccinellia*, *Raphanus*, *Rapistrum*, *Rottboelli* a) Genus *Rumex*, *Sagittaria*, *Schoenoplectiella*, *Schoenoplectus*, *Scirpoides*, *Scirpus*, *Sclerochloa*, *Sesbania*, *Setaria*, *Sida*, *Sinapis*, *Sisymbrium*, *Sonchus*, *Sphenoclea*, *Sorghum*The genera *Halpense*, *Stellaria*, *Thlaspi*, *Tragopogon*, *Trichophorum*, *Trifolium*, *Tripleurospermum*, *Typha*, *Urtica*, *Urochloa*, *Veronica*, *Vicia*, *Viola*, and *Xanthium*.

[0332] In cereal crop cultivation areas, the combinations and compositions of the present invention effectively control a wide range of dicotyledonous weed species from various genera and species, such as *Abutilon theophrasti*, *Alternanthera*, *Alternanthera*, *Raphanus*, *Amaranthus*, *Stellaria*, *Chrysanthemum*, *Arctium*, *Cephalotaxus*, *Portulaca*, *Chenopodium*, *Cleome*, *Biphasus*, *Bidens*, *Brassica*, *Sanguisorba officinalis*, *Capsella*, *Caesalpinia*, *Centipeda*, *Cleome*, *Commelina*, *Convolvulus*, *Euphorbia*, *Equisetum*, *Gerberis*, *Erigeron*, *Erigeron*, *Euphorbia*, *Fagopyrum*, *Fagopyrum*, and *Fumaria*. The genera *Ipomoea*, *Gnaphalium*, *Pelargonium*, *Helianthus*, *Helianthus*, *Ipomoea*, *Kochia*, *Lactuca*, *Sesamum*, *Gnaphalium*, *Lepidium*, *Heliotropium*, *Heliotropium*, *Heliotropium*, *Flame*, *Polygonum*, *Malva*, *Chaenomeles*, *Pseudolarix*, *Paspalum*, *Polygonum*, *Plantago*, *Polygonum*, *Prunella*, *Portulaca*, *Radix*, *Brassica*, *Rumex*, *Sorbus*, *Senecio*, *Rhododendron*, *Sinapis*, *Mustard*, *Mustardia*, *Sonchus*, *Platycodon*, *Stellaria*, *Ipomoea*, *Gnaphalium*, *Trifolium*, *Trifolium*, *Ulva*, *Veronica*, *Viola*, and *Xanthium*; and especially the following dicotyledonous weed species: *Abutilon*. amaranth (Amaranthus albus), white amaranth (Amaranthus albus), North American amaranth (Amaranthus blitoides), green amaranth (Amaranthus hybridus), long-awned amaranth (Amaranthus palmmeri), Bowell's amaranth (Amaranthus powellii), retroflex amaranth (Amaranthus retroflexus), rough-fruited amaranth (Amaranthus tuberculatus), western amaranth (Amaranthus rudis), wrinkled-fruited amaranth (Amaranthus viridis), ragweed (Ambrosia artemisifolia), auricularia auriculata (Ammannia auriculata), amaranth (Ammannia baccifera), multiflora amaranth (Ammannia multiflora), field chamomile (Anthemisarvensis), shepherd's purse (Capsella bursa-pastoris), cornflower (Centaurea cyanus), quinoa (Chenopodium) album), Chenopodium ficifolium, Chenopodium polyspermum, Chenopodium hybridum, Commelinabenghalensis, Conyza bonariensis, Conyza canadensis, Descuraniasophia, Galium aparine, Galium spurium, Galium tricornutum, Galeopsis tetrahit, Geranium dissectum, Geranium pusillum, Kochia scoparia, Lamium amplexicaule, Lamium purpureum, Limnocharis flava, Ludwigia decurrens, Ludwigia octovalvis, Ludwigia prostrata, Matricaria chamomilla, Matricaria discoidea, Matricaria The following plants are listed: *Papaver inodora*, *Papaver rhoeas*, *Polygonum convolvulus*, *Pontederia korsakowii*, *Pontederia vaginalis*, *Potamogeton distinctus*, *Papaver rhoeas*, *Raphanus raphanistrum*, *Sinapis alba*, *Sinapis arvensis*, *Sisymbrium officinale*, *Sisymbrium orientale*, *Stellaria media*, *Sphenoclea zeylanic*, *Thlaspi arvense*, *Tripleu-rospermuminodorum*, *Veronica hederifolia*, *Veronica persica*, and *Viola arvensis*.

[0333] In areas where cereal crops (especially wheat, barley, or rye) are cultivated, the combinations and compositions of the present invention effectively and selectively control a wide range of dicotyledonous weed species from the following genera: such as *Raphanus*, *Stellaria*, *Arctium*, *Cephalotaxus*, *Centipeda*, *Brassica*, *Capsella*, *Centipeda*, *Chenopodium*, *Gnaphalium*, *Equisetum*, *Gerberis*, and *Fagopyrum*. The genera *Corydalis*, *Corydalis*, *Garcinia*, *Pelargonium*, *Heliotropium*, *Lactuca*, *Sesamum*, *Gnaphalium*, *Lepidium*, *Flaxum*, *Malva*, *Chaenomeles*, *Oenothera*, *Papaver*, *Plantago*, *Polygonum*, *Radix*, *Brassica*, *Sorbus*, *Sinapis*, *Sinapis*, *Sonchus*, *Stellaria*, *Iris*, *Gynostemma*, *Trifolium*, *Urtica*, *Veronica*, *Viola*, and *Xanthium*.

[0334] In areas where cereal crops (especially wheat), barley, or rye) are cultivated, the combinations and compositions of the present invention effectively and selectively control a wide range of monocotyledonous weed species from various genera and species, such as *Aegilops*, *Agropyron*, *Agrostis*, *Aisma*, *Alerkurs*, *Apera*, *Avena*, *Beckmannia*, *Trigonella*, *Bromus*, *Bromus*, *Tribulus*, *Centipeda*, *Commelina*, *Cynodon*, *Sedge*, *Digitaria*, *Echinochloa*, *Echinochloa*, *Echinochloa*, *Eriocaulon*, *Eriocaulon*, *Eriocaulon*, *Eriocaulon*, *Eriocaulon*, *Eriocaulon*, *Eriocaulon*, *Eriocaulon*, *Hordium*, and *Hordeum*. spontaneum), *Solanum*, *Solanum*, *Juncus*, *Lysimachia*, *Echinochloa*, *Rhizophora*, *Lycium*, *Lysimachia*, *Ornithogalum*, *Oryza sativa*, *Oryza sativa*, *Sorghum*, *Paspalum*, *Pennisetum*, *Phalaris*, *Phragmites*, *Polypogostemon* n), *Poa*, *Potamogeton*, *Potamogeton*, *Potamogeton*, *Potamogeton lanceolata*, *Sagittaria*, *Iris*, *Onion*, *Scirpus*, *Scirpus*, *Setaria*, *Potamogeton*, *Symplocos*, *Rhizophora*, *Typha*, *Leptochloa*, and *Vulpia*; and especially the following species: *Aequivalvis*, *Agrostiflora*, *Ambatoensis*, *Agrostis*. Canina, Agrostis castellana, Agrostis gigantea, Agrostis stolonifera, Agrostis vinealis, Aegilops cylindrica, Agropyron spp., Alisma, Alerkurs, Alopecurus aequalis, Alopecurus myosuroides, Apteraspica-venti, Avena fatua, Avena sterilis, Bassiascoparia, Bolboschoenus planiculmis, Brachiaria*Decumbens*, *Brachiaria plantaginea*, *Brachiaria tectorum*, *Brassica napus*, *Centchrus longispinus*, *Centchrus spinifex*, *Chlorisverticillate*, *Commelina communis*, *Cyperus difformis*, *Cyperus iria*, *Cynodon* species, *Cynodon transvaalensis*, *Digitaria ciliaris*, *Digitaria ischaemum*, *Digitaria sanguinalis*, *Echinochloa colona*, *Echinochloa* *Echinochloa colonum*, *Echinochloa galli*, *Echinochloa crus-pavonis*, *Echinochloa erecta*, *Echinochloa for-mosensis*, *Echinochloa ory-zoides*, *Echinochloa phyllogogon*, species of the genus *Echinochloa*, *Echinochloa zelayensis*, species of the genus *Echinochloa*, *Eleusine indica*, *Elymus repens*, species of the genus *Eriochloa*, *Eriochloa villosa*, *Fimbristylis quinquangularis*, *Hordeum spontaneum*, species of the genus *Heterostachys*, species of the genus *Hordeum*, *Ischaemum* *Russum*, *Leptochloa* species, *Juncus* species, *Leptochloa* species, *Leptochloa* species, *Leptochloa chinensis*, *Leptochloa panicoides*, *Leptochloa scabra*, *Leptochloa virgata*, *Limnocharis flava*, *Lolium perenne*, *Lolium rigidum*, *Lolium x hybridum*, *Monochoria*korsakowii, Monochooriavaginalis, Ornithogalum umbellatum, broadleaf rice, wild rice, Panicum capillare, Panicum dichotomiflorum, Paspalum dilatatatum, Paspalum nicorae, Paspalum setaceum, Paspalum species, Pennisetum ciliare, Pennisetum setaceum, Pharisarundinacea, Pharis brachystachyx, Pharis minor, Pharis paradoxa, Reed species, Polygonum *Convolvulus*, *Poa* species, *Poa annua*, *Poa pratensis*, *Poatrivialis*, *Potamogeton distinctus*, *Eragrostis* species, *Rottboellia exaltata*, *Sagittaria* species, *Schoenoplectiella juncoides*, *Schoenoplectiella mucronate*, *Schoenoplectus lacustris*, *Scirpus planiculmis*, *Scirpus* species, *Setaria* species, *Setaria faberi*, *Setaria glauca*, *Setaria pumila*, *Setaria verticillate*, *Setaria* viridis, species of the genus *Urochloa*, species of the genus *Urochloa*, species of the genus *Typha*, *Urochloa platyphylla*, *Urochloa ramose*, *Urochloa subquadripara*, *Urochloa texana*, and *Vulpiamyuros*.

[0335] In rice-growing regions, the combinations and compositions of the present invention effectively and selectively control a wide range of dicotyledonous weed species from various genera and species, such as Abutilon, Amaranthus, Agrimonia, Amaranthus, Amaranthus, Alternanthera, Portulaca, Bidens, Bidens pilosa, Bindweed, Sanguisorba officinalis, Chenopodium, Cleome, Convolvulus, Erigeron, Erigeron, Erigeron tiglium, Euphorbia, Helianthus, Ipomoea, Helianthus, Polygonum, Polygonum, Polygonum, Polygonum, Portulaca, Sesbania, Helianthus, Platycodon, and Xanthium.

[0336] In rice-growing regions, the combinations and compositions of the present invention effectively and selectively control a wide range of monocotyledonous weed species from various genera and species, such as: *Gnaphalium*, *Tribulus*, *Heliotropium*, *Commelina*, *Cyperus*, *Digitaria*, *Diplachne*, *Gnaphalium*, *Echinochloa*, *Barnyardgrass*, *Sorghum*, *Heliotropium*, *Duckbill*, *Agropyron*, *Leymus*, *Echinochloa*, *Heliotropium*, and *Heliotropium*. Broadleaf rice, wild rice, millet, paspalum, foxtail, sedge, pickerelweed, pondweed, arrowhead, arrowhead, bulrush, water onion, sedge, sedge, foxtail, stone grass, rush, cattail, and sedge; and especially the following species: creeping armgrass, plantain armgrass, long-spined thorny thorn, whooper grass, round-leaved dayflower, flat-spike sedge, fascicular sedge, dark sedge, millet-like sedge. Panicoides), species of the genus *Panicoides*, *Digitaria sanguinalis*, *Eleusine indica*, species of the genus *Echinochloa*, *Barnyardgrass*, *Barnyardgrass*, *Barnyardgrass var. peacockii*, *Barnyardgrass var. erecta*, *Barnyardgrass taiwanensis*, *Barnyardgrass var. taiwanensis*, species of the genus *Barnyardgrass*, *Barnyardgrass var. spp.*, species of the genus *Barnyardgrass*, species of the genus *Gynostemma pentaphyllum ... Millet, hairy privet, buffalo grass, sedge, short-spike sedge, small sedge, strange sedge, pickerelweed species, pondweed, tubular grass, arrowhead species, firefly grass, thorny firefly grass, marsh water onion, spherical grass species, flat-stemmed grass, grass species, large foxtail grass, golden foxtail grass, golden foxtail grass, thorny foxtail grass, foxtail grass, stone grass, rush grass species, cattail species, broadleaf lemma, multibranched lemma, tetrad lemma, and Texas lemma.

[0337] In sorghum cultivation areas, the combinations and compositions of the present invention effectively and selectively control a wide range of monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous weed species from various genera, such as *Abutilon*, *Amaranthus*, *Raphanus*, *Anoda*, *Centipeda*, *Tribulus*, *Chenopodium*, *Cirsium*, *Convolvulus*, *Sedge*, *Digitaria*, *Echinochloa*, *Erigeron*, *Erigeron*, *Erigeron*, *Erigeron*, *Ipomoea*, *Lolium*, *Sorghum*, *Phytolacca*, *Salsola*, *Senna*, *Setaria*, *Imperata*, *Ipomoea*, *Ipomoea*, and *Xanthium*; and particularly the following monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous weed species: *Abutilon*, *Amaranthus longiflorus*, *Amaranthus retroflexus*, *Amaranthus* species, *Amaranthus burmannii*, *Raphanus*, and *Anoda*. cristata), slender twig thorny thorn, long thorny thorn, few-flowered thorn, quinoa, silk thistle (Cirsium arvense), field bindweed (Convolvulus sarvensis), oil sedge (Cyperus esculentus), rising barnyard grass, barnyard grass, barnyard grass, goosegrass, Canadian fleabane, split-leaved morning glory, small white-flowered morning glory, sweet potato species, multiflora perennial ryegrass species (Lolium perenne L. ssp. multiflorum), branching millet, wild millet, American pokeweed (Phytolacca americana), spiny sand sedge (Salsola tragus), obtuse-leaved cassia (Senna obtusifolia), large foxtail grass, golden foxtail grass, foxtail grass species, foxtail grass, reed-like bicolor sorghum species (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) ssp.arundinaceum), stone grass, storax, broadleaf storax, multibranched storax, Texas storax, cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium).

[0338] In turf cultivation areas, the combinations and compositions of the present invention effectively and selectively control a wide range of monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous weed species from various genera, such as Acer, Achillea, Ragweed, Artemisia, Bothriochloa, Bromus, Campanula, Capsella, Scirpus, Thistle, Convolvulium, Bermudagrass, Cyperus, and Orchardgrass. Dactylis, Dichondra, Digitaria, Diodia, Eriocaulon, Leymus, Equisetum, Chrysanthemum, Euphorbia, Gynostemma, Hedera, Humulus, Hydrocotyle, Kummerowia, Kyllinga, L. The genera *Amium*, *Lolium*, *Malva*, *Medicago*, *Microstegium*, *Muhlenbergia*, *Murdania*, *Ornithogalum*, *Oxalis*, *Sorghum*, *Paspalum*, *Paulownia*, *Plantago*, *Plantain*, *Poa*, *Polygonum*, *Rumex*, *Salvinia*, *Sorghum*, *Stellaria*, *Taraxacum*, *Trifolium*, *Ulmus*, *Paspalum*, *Veronica*, *Viola*, *Wisteria*, and *Zoysia*; and especially the following monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous weed species: Norway maple (*Acer*) platanoides, yarrow (Achilleamillefolium), ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia), northern wormwood (Artemisia vulgaris), stinking root grass (Bothriochloa bladhii), white sheep grass (Bothriochloa ischaemum), awnless bromegrass (Bromusinermis), species of the genus Bromus, bellflower (Campanula rapunculoides), shepherd's purse, sedge, silk thistle (Cirsium arvense), field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis), bermudagrass, sedge (Cyperusesculentus), nutgrass (Cyperus)rotundus), sedge species, Dactylis glomerata, Carolina clover (Dichondra carolinensis), crabgrass, crabgrass, crabgrass species, Diodia virginiana, goosegrass, creeping crested sedge, Equisetum arvense, Erechtites hieraciifolius, wild millet species, Euphorbia maculata, creeping euphorbia prostrata, Euphorbia species, giraffe, millet, Glechomahederacea, hedera helix, Humulus japonicus, Hydrocotyles ibthorpioides, Kummerowia striata, Kyllinga *Brevifolia*, *Kyllinga spp.*, *Lamium amplexicaule*, *Loliuma rundinaceum*, perennial ryegrass, *Malva pusilla*, *Medicago lupulina*, *Microstegium vimineum*, *Muhlenbergia schreberi*, *Murdania nudiflora*, *Aglaonema 'Umbrella'*, *Oxalis corniculata*, *Oxalis stricta*, *Panicum repens*, *Paspalum notatum*, *Paspalum notatum*, *Paspalum notatum*, *Paulownia tomentosa*, *Plantago lanceolata*, *Plantago major*, *Plantago* species, *Plantago buds* Heterophyta heterophylla, Poa annua, Poa commonensis, Polygonum aviculare, Rumex acetosella, Salvinia molesta, Styrax, Stellaria media, Taraxacum officinale, Trifolium repens, elm species, Tetracentron tetrapod, Veronica arvensis, Viola yedoensisspecies of the genus *Sororia*, *Viola*, *Wisteria sinensis*, and *Zoysia japonica*.

[0339] In the context of this invention, it is not important whether the herbicidal malondiamide (component A) and the whitening herbicide (component B) are formulated alone or in combination. It is also not important whether the herbicidal malondiamide (component A) and the whitening herbicide (component B) are applied in combination or alone. In the case of single application, the order of application is less important. The only requirement is that components A and B (herbicidal malondiamide and whitening herbicide) of the combination or composition are applied in effective amounts and within a timeframe allowing the components to act simultaneously on the plant, preferably within a timeframe of up to 14 days, particularly up to 7 days, and very particularly up to 1 day.

[0340] Combinations or formulations containing malondiamide as component A and a whitening herbicide as component B can generally be applied to weeds at any growth stage with good results. In one embodiment, application of a combination or formulation containing malondiamide as component A and a whitening herbicide as component B to weed growth stage 37 showed effective weed control.

[0341] In the method for selective control of weeds in crops according to the invention, a combination or composition comprising malondiamide as component A and a whitening herbicide as component B can generally be applied before or after crop emergence, preferably after emergence to the BBCH growth stage 37 of the crop.

[0342] In a preferred embodiment, a combination or composition comprising malondiamide as component A and a whitening herbicide as component B is applied after crop planting and before emergence.

[0343] In another preferred embodiment, a combination or composition comprising malondiamide as component A and a whitening herbicide as component B is applied early after crop emergence up to the BBCH growth stage 11.

[0344] In another preferred embodiment, a combination or composition comprising malondiamide as component A and a whitening herbicide as component B is applied after crop emergence at BBCH growth stages 11 to 37, particularly preferably at BBCH growth stages 13 to 32.

[0345] In a highly preferred method for weed control in wheat-growing areas, the combination or composition of the present invention comprises

[0346] A) Herbicidal malonamide (component A), wherein the herbicidal malonamide is selected from compounds having the formulas Ia1, Ia2, Ia3, Ia4, Ia5, and Ia6, preferably Ia1; and

[0347] B) Albino herbicide (component B), wherein the albino herbicide is selected from flubutyrazole, pyrifluquinazon, dichlorvos, and bensulfuron; wherein

[0348] The weight ratio [w / w] of component A to component B is from 5:1 to 1:75, for example 5:1, 4:1, 3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6, 1:7, 1:8, 1:9, 1:10, 1:11, 1:12, 1:13, 1:14, 1:15, 1:16, 1:17, 1:18, 1:19, 1:20, 1:21, 1:22, 1:23, 1:24, 1:25, 1:30, 1:35, 1:40, 1: 45, 1:50, 1:55, 1:60, 1:65, 1:70 or 1:75, preferably 5:1 to 1:25 and more preferably 5:1 to 1:10, applied before wheat emergence or after wheat emergence until the BBCH growth stage 11.

[0349] In a highly preferred method for weed control in wheat-growing areas, the combination or composition of the present invention comprises

[0350] A) Herbicidal malonamide (component A), wherein the herbicidal malonamide is selected from compounds having the formulas Ia1, Ia2, Ia3, Ia4, Ia5, and Ia6, preferably Ia1; and

[0351] B) Albino herbicide (component B), which is selected from flupyrazole and sulfonylpyrazole; wherein

[0352] The weight ratio [w / w] of component A to component B is from 5:1 to 1:75, for example 5:1, 4:1, 3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6, 1:7, 1:8, 1:9, 1:10, 1:11, 1:12, 1:13, 1:14, 1:15, 1:16, 1:17, 1:18, 1:19, 1:20, 1:21, 1:22, 1:23, 1:24, 1:25, 1:30, 1:35, 1:40, 1: 45, 1:50, 1:55, 1:60, 1:65, 1:70 or 1:75, preferably 5:1 to 1:25 and more preferably 5:1 to 1:10, applied at BBCH growth stage 11-32 after wheat crop emergence.

[0353] In a highly preferred method for weed control in maize cultivation areas, the combination or composition of the present invention comprises

[0354] A) Herbicidal malonamide (component A), wherein the herbicidal malonamide is selected from compounds having the formulas Ia1, Ia2, Ia3, Ia4, Ia5, and Ia6, preferably Ia1; and

[0355] B) Albino herbicide (component B), wherein the albino herbicide is selected from isoxaflutole, mesotrione, and benzoxazine; wherein

[0356] The weight ratio [w / w] of component A to component B is from 5:1 to 1:75, for example 5:1, 4:1, 3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6, 1:7, 1:8, 1:9, 1:10, 1:11, 1:12, 1:13, 1:14, 1:15, 1:16, 1:17, 1:18, 1:19, 1:20, 1:21, 1:22, 1:23, 1:24, 1:25, 1:30, 1:35, 1:40, 1: 45, 1:50, 1:55, 1:60, 1:65, 1:70 or 1:75, preferably 5:1 to 1:25 and more preferably 5:1 to 1:10, applied before corn emergence or after corn emergence at BBCH growth stage 11-32.

[0357] In a highly preferred method for weed control in rice-growing areas, the combination or composition of the present invention comprises

[0358] A) Herbicidal malonamide (component A), wherein the herbicidal malonamide is selected from compounds having the formulas Ia1, Ia2, Ia3, Ia4, Ia5, and Ia6, preferably Ia1; and

[0359] B) Albino herbicide (component B), wherein the albino herbicide is selected from cyclosulfuron and cyclopyridazine; wherein

[0360] The weight ratio [w / w] of component A to component B is from 5:1 to 1:75, for example 5:1, 4:1, 3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6, 1:7, 1:8, 1:9, 1:10, 1:11, 1:12, 1:13, 1:14, 1:15, 1:16, 1:17, 1:18, 1:19, 1:20, 1:21, 1:22, 1:23, 1:24, 1:25, 1:30, 1:35, 1:40, 1: 45, 1:50, 1:55, 1:60, 1:65, 1:70 or 1:75, preferably 5:1 to 1:25 and more preferably 5:1 to 1:10, applied before rice emergence or after rice emergence until BBCH growth stage 22.

[0361] Combinations or formulations containing malondiamide as component A and a whitening herbicide as component B can be applied in a conventional manner using techniques familiar to a skilled technician. Suitable techniques include spraying, atomizing, dusting, broadcasting, or watering. The type of application depends on the intended purpose, and in any case, it should ensure the finest possible distribution of the active ingredient.

[0362] If certain crop plants are poorly tolerant to a combination or composition containing malondiamide as component A and a whitening herbicide as component B, the following application technique can be used: spray the herbicide composition with a spraying device in a manner that minimizes contact (if any) with the leaves of the sensitive crop plants, while reaching the leaves of unwanted plants growing underneath or the bare soil (post-directed, lay-by).

[0363] The combination or composition of herbicides, comprising malondiamide as component A and a whitening herbicide as component B, is applied to an area primarily by spraying, particularly by foliar spraying, using an aqueous dilution of the active ingredient of the composition. Application can be carried out using conventional spraying techniques, for example, with water as a carrier and a spray solution ratio of approximately 10 to 2000 l / ha or 50 to 1000 l / ha, for example, 100 to 500 l / ha. Application of the herbicidal combination or composition via low-volume and ultra-low-volume methods is possible, such as when they are applied in particulate form.

[0364] The combinations or compositions of the present invention can also be applied in conjunction with or utilizing smart agriculture technologies such as precision agriculture, remote and near-field imaging and image recognition, or smart agriculture site management programs. These smart agriculture technologies typically include models, such as computer programs, that support users by considering information from various sources to increase the quality and yield of harvested materials, reduce pest damage, including the prediction of pest stress and the intelligent application of crop protection products, ensure environmental protection, support rapid and reliable agronomic decision-making, reduce the use of fertilizers and crop protection products, reduce product residues in consumer products, increase the spatial and temporal accuracy of agronomic measures, automate processes, and enable traceability of measures.

[0365] Commercially available systems that include agronomic models include, for example, FieldScripts™ from The Climate Corporation, Xarvio™ from BASF, and AGLogic™ from John Deere.

[0366] The information inputs to these models include, but are not limited to, soil data (e.g., pH, organic matter content, moisture levels, nutrient content such as nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, and micronutrients); information about plants currently growing or likely to grow in the target area, including crop plants and / or weeds (e.g., plant type, chlorophyll level, biomass, growth stage, plant health, plant water status, plant growth model, genetic traits, biotic damage caused by pest infestation or infection, abiotic damage caused by drought or nutrient stress, etc.); and weather information (e.g., information about the past and present, and predictions of future temperature, humidity, and / or precipitation). Information about the location of the area and information that can be directly derived therefrom (e.g., topographic features such as altitude, slope, water bodies, sunlight exposure and daily sunshine hours, vegetation cycle, etc.); information about pest stress (e.g., past or present information about unwanted vegetation, fungal diseases and invertebrate pests in the target area, in adjacent areas, regions or vegetation zones); information about beneficial organisms (e.g., past or present information about beneficial organisms in the target area, in adjacent areas, regions or vegetation zones); and / or historical information about any of the above (e.g., information about previous seasons or earlier points in the same season).

[0367] Information applicable to precision agriculture can be based on input from at least one user, accessed from external data sources and databases, or based on sensor data. Data sources typically include short-range sensing systems, such as soil sensors, and remote sensing, which can be achieved, for example, through imaging by unmanned aerial vehicles such as drones or satellites. Imaging techniques include multispectral and multispectral imaging in the UV-VIS, NIR, and UV spectra. Sensors can be included in Internet of Things (IoT) systems and can be directly or indirectly connected to the processing unit, for example via wireless networks and / or cloud applications. The information is typically considered by at least one processing unit and used to provide recommendations, generate control signals (e.g., for controlling agricultural machinery such as tractors, drones, irrigation systems, farm management systems, etc.), and / or generate (digital) maps of the target area. These (digital) maps contain spatial and optionally temporally resolved information about the agricultural site, which may include directly collected information as described above, combinations thereof, or derived information such as pest stress, nutrient levels, etc. Recommendations, control signals, and (digital) maps may relate to or be used to control the application of water, nutrients, agrochemicals, or plant propagation materials to the target field, or to implement other management measures such as tillage, physical or laser-induced weeding.

[0368] Typical technologies used in smart agriculture include automated control robots (such as tractors, harvesters, and drones), artificial intelligence (such as machine learning), imaging technology (such as image segmentation), big data analytics, model generation, cloud computing, and machine-to-machine communication.

[0369] Precision agriculture, such as precision farming, is characterized by the targeted application of active ingredients like pesticides (preferably compositions according to the invention), plant growth regulators, fertilizers, and / or water, analyzed spatially and / or temporally. This includes variations in application rates at agronomic sites, regions, or specific locations, and variations in the targeted planting or sowing of desired plant propagation material at agronomic sites in a spatially and / or temporally analyzed manner. Precision agriculture typically involves using geolocation technologies like GPS to acquire information about the location and boundaries of a target area, the application equipment used, sensing devices, and recorded data, and to control the actions of agricultural vehicles, such as sprayers. By combining geolocation data with (digital) maps, it is possible to perform (semi-)automatic agricultural measures at the target point, for example, by using (semi-)automatic spraying or sowing equipment.

[0370] Precision agriculture typically includes the application of smart spraying devices, such as spot spraying; and precision spraying on farms, such as via irrigation systems, tractors, robots, helicopters, airplanes, and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Such devices typically include input sensors (e.g., cameras) and a processing unit configured to analyze the input data and to provide recommendations or decisions based on the analysis of the input data, to apply the compositions of the invention to agronomic sites such as soil, or to control pests in a specific and precise manner.

[0371] For example, weeds can be detected, identified, and / or classified based on images acquired by a camera. This identification and / or classification can utilize image processing algorithms that leverage artificial intelligence (such as machine learning algorithms) or decision trees.

[0372] In this way, the combinations or compositions described herein can be administered at the desired location, time point, and dosage ratio.

[0373] In addition to malondiamide (component A) and whitening herbicide (component B), the agrochemical composition (formulation) according to the invention also contains one or more adjuvants commonly used in weed control products or crop protection compositions, such as at least one organic or inorganic carrier material. The formulation may also contain, if desired, one or more surfactants and, if desired, one or more additional adjuvants commonly used in weed control products or crop protection compositions.

[0374] In formulations, the active ingredient and optional other active substances are present in suspension, emulsion, or dissolved form. Formulations may be in the form of aqueous solutions, powders, suspensions, as well as highly concentrated aqueous, oil, or other suspensions or dispersions, water emulsions, water microemulsions, water suspension emulsions, oil dispersions, pastes, dusts, spreading materials, or granules.

[0375] Depending on the type of formulation, they contain one or more liquid or solid carriers, (if appropriate) surfactants (such as dispersants, protective colloids, emulsifiers, wetting agents, and thickeners), and (if appropriate) additional adjuvants commonly used in formulating protective products for organisms. Those skilled in the art are well familiar with the formulation of such formulations. Additional adjuvants include, for example, organic and inorganic thickeners, bactericides, antifreeze agents, defoamers, colorants, and binders for seed formulations.

[0376] Suitable carriers include liquid and solid carriers. Liquid carriers include, for example, non-aqueous solvents such as cyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons such as paraffin, tetrahydronaphthalene, alkylnaphthalene and their derivatives, alkylbenzene and their derivatives, alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol and cyclohexanol, ketones such as cyclohexanone, strongly polar solvents such as amines such as N-methylpyrrolidone, and water, and mixtures thereof. Solid carriers include, for example, minerals such as silica, silica gel, silicates, talc, kaolin, limestone, lime, chalk, red basalt, loess, clay, dolomite, diatomaceous earth, calcium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, magnesium oxide, ground synthetic materials, fertilizers such as ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate, ammonium nitrate, urea, and plant-derived products such as grain flour, bark flour, wood flour and nut shell powder, cellulose powder, or other solid carriers.

[0377] Suitable surfactants (auxiliaries, wetting agents, thickeners, dispersants, and emulsifiers) are aromatic sulfonic acids, such as lignin sulfonic acids (e.g., Borrespers type, Borregaard), phenol sulfonic acids, naphthalene sulfonic acids (Morwet type, Akzo Nobel), and dibutylnaphthalene sulfonic acids (Nekal type, BASF). Alkali metal salts, alkaline earth metal salts, and ammonium salts of fatty acids, alkyl sulfonates and alkyl aryl sulfonates, alkyl sulfates, lauryl ether sulfates, and fatty alcohol sulfates, and salts of sulfated hexa-, hepta-, and octadecyl alcohols, as well as salts of fatty alcohol glycol ethers, condensates of sulfonated naphthalene and its derivatives with formaldehyde, condensates of naphthalene or naphthalene sulfonic acid with phenol and formaldehyde, octylphenol polyoxyethylene ethers, ethoxylated isooctyl-, octyl-, or nonylphenol, alkylphenyl or tributylphenyl polyethylene glycol ethers, alkyl aryl polyether alcohols, isotriadecyl alcohol, fatty alcohol / ethylene oxide condensates Materials, ethoxylated castor oil, polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers or polyoxypropylene alkyl ethers, lauryl glycol ether acetate, sorbitol esters, lignin sulfite waste liquid and proteins, denatured proteins, polysaccharides (e.g., methylcellulose), hydrophobically modified starch, polyvinyl alcohol (Mowiol type, Clariant), polycarboxylate (BASF, Sokalan type), polyalkoxylates, polyvinylamine (BASF, Lupamine type), polyethyleneimine (BASF, Lupasol type), polyvinylpyrrolidone and its copolymers.

[0378] The following commercial products are suitable adjuvants and can be added in formulation form or as a drum mix: Access®, Actirob B®, Adhäsit®, Break-Thru S 301®, Cocana®, Dash® or DashE.C.®, Designer®, Destiny®, Hasten®, Heliosol®, Kantor®, Karibu®, Leci-Tech®, Mero®, MSO®, PH-FIX forte®, ProFital fluid®, ProNet-Alfa®, Sulpro®, Trend®, Vivolt®, Vrusade®.

[0379] Examples of thickeners (i.e., compounds that impart altered flow properties to a formulation, i.e., high viscosity at rest and low viscosity when in motion) are polysaccharides, such as xanthan gum (Kelzan® from Kelco), Rhodopol® 23 (Rhone Poulenc) or Veegum® (from RTVanderbilt), as well as organic and inorganic platy minerals, such as Attaclay® (from Engelhardt).

[0380] Examples of defoamers include silicone emulsions (such as Silikon® SRE, Wacker, or Rhodorsil®, from Rhodia), long-chain alcohols, fatty acids, fatty acid salts, organofluorine compounds, and mixtures thereof.

[0381] Fungicides can be added to stabilize water-based herbicidal formulations. Examples of fungicides include dichlorophenol and benzyl alcohol hemiformal-based fungicides (Proxel® from ICI, Acticide® RS from Thor Chemie, and Kathon® MK from Rohm & Haas), as well as isothiazolinone derivatives such as alkylisothiazolinones and benzisothiazolinones (Acticide MBS from Thor Chemie).

[0382] Examples of antifreeze agents are ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, urea, or glycerin.

[0383] Examples of colorants are both slightly water-soluble pigments and water-soluble dyes. Examples that may be mentioned are dyes known by the following names: Rhodamine B, CI Pigment Red 112 and CI Solvent Red 1, as well as Pigment Blue 15:4, Pigment Blue 15:3, Pigment Blue 15:2, Pigment Blue 15:1, Pigment Blue 80, Pigment Yellow 1, Pigment Yellow 13, Pigment Red 112, Pigment Red 48:2, Pigment Red 48:1, Pigment Red 57:1, Pigment Red 53:1, Pigment Orange 43, Pigment Orange 34, Pigment Orange 5, Pigment Green 36, Pigment Green 7, Pigment White 6, Pigment Brown 25, Basic Violet 10, Basic Violet 49, Acid Red 51, Acid Red 52, Acid Red 14, Acid Blue 9, Acid Yellow 23, Basic Red 10, and Basic Red 108.

[0384] Examples of adhesives are polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, and methylcellulose (tylose).

[0385] To prepare emulsions, pastes, or oil dispersions, the active ingredient (either as is or dissolved in oil or solvent) can be homogenized in water using a wetting agent, thickener, dispersant, or emulsifier. Alternatively, a concentrate can be prepared consisting of the active substance, a wetting agent, thickener, dispersant, or emulsifier, and (if desired) a solvent or oil, and these concentrates are suitable for dilution with water.

[0386] Powders, spreading materials, and dusts can be prepared by mixing or simultaneously grinding the active ingredients herbicides A and B with a solid carrier.

[0387] Granules, such as coated granules, impregnated granules, and uniform granules, can be prepared by bonding the active ingredient to a solid carrier.

[0388] These formulations contain a herbicide combination of herbicides A and B in herbicidally effective amounts. The concentration of the active ingredient in the formulation can vary over a wide range. Typically, the formulation contains 1% to 98%, preferably 10% to 60% by weight, of the active ingredient (the sum of herbicides A and B and optionally other additional active substances). The active ingredient is used at a purity of 90% to 100%, preferably 95% to 100% (based on NMR spectra).

[0389] A composition comprising malonamide as component A and a whitening herbicide as component B can be formulated, for example, as follows:

[0390] Products diluted with water

[0391] A water-soluble concentrate

[0392] Dissolve 10 parts by weight of the composition according to the invention in 90 parts by weight of water or a water-soluble solvent. Alternatively, a wetting agent or other adjuvant may be added. The active compound is dissolved upon dilution with water. This yields a formulation containing 10% by weight of the active compound.

[0393] B Dispersible Concentrate

[0394] 20 parts by weight of the composition according to the invention are dissolved in 70 parts by weight of cyclohexanone, and 10 parts by weight of a dispersant, such as polyvinylpyrrolidone, are added. The mixture is diluted with water to obtain a dispersion. The content of the active compound is 20% by weight.

[0395] C emulsifiable concentrate

[0396] 15 parts by weight of the composition according to the invention are dissolved in 75 parts by weight of an organic solvent (e.g., an alkyl aromatic compound), and calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and castor oil ethoxylate (5 parts by weight in each case) are added. The mixture is diluted with water to obtain an emulsion. The formulation has an active compound content of 15% by weight.

[0397] D Emulsion

[0398] 25 parts by weight of the composition according to the invention are dissolved in 35 parts by weight of an organic solvent (e.g., an alkyl aromatic compound), and calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and castor oil ethoxylate (5 parts by weight in each case) are added. This mixture is introduced into 30 parts by weight of water using an emulsifier (Ultraturrax) to form a homogeneous emulsion. The emulsion is diluted with water. The formulation has an active compound content of 25% by weight.

[0399] E suspension

[0400] In a stirred ball mill, 20 parts by weight of the composition according to the invention are pulverized, and 10 parts by weight of a dispersant and a wetting agent and 70 parts by weight of water or an organic solvent are added to obtain a fine suspension of the active compound. The suspension is diluted with water to obtain a stable suspension of the active compound. The content of the active compound in the formulation is 20% by weight.

[0401] F Water-dispersible granules and water-soluble granules

[0402] 50 parts by weight of the composition according to the invention are finely ground, and 50 parts by weight of a dispersant and a wetting agent are added. The mixture is then prepared into water-dispersible or water-soluble granules using technical equipment (e.g., extrusion, spray tower, fluidized bed). The granules are diluted with water to obtain a stable dispersion or solution of the active compound. The formulation has an active compound content of 50% by weight.

[0403] G water-dispersible powder and water-soluble powder

[0404] 75 parts by weight of the composition according to the invention are milled in a rotor-stator mill, and 25 parts by weight of a dispersant, a wetting agent, and silica gel are added. The mixture is diluted with water to obtain a stable dispersion or solution of the active compound. The active compound content of the formulation is 75% by weight.

[0405] H gel formulation

[0406] 20 parts by weight of the composition according to the invention, 10 parts by weight of the dispersant, 1 part by weight of the gelling agent, and 70 parts by weight of water or an organic solvent are mixed in a ball mill to obtain a fine suspension. The suspension is then diluted with water to obtain a stable suspension with an active compound content of 20% by weight.

[0407] Aqueous forms can be prepared by adding water from emulsion concentrates, suspensions, pastes, wettable powders, or water-dispersible granules.

[0408] Furthermore, it may be advantageous to apply the compositions according to the invention, alone or in combination with other herbicides or additionally in mixtures with other crop protectants, such as with agents for controlling harmful organisms or plant pathogenic fungi or bacteria. Also of interest is the miscibility with mineral salt solutions used to treat nutrient and trace element deficiencies. Other additives, such as non-phytotoxic oils and oil concentrates, may also be added.

[0409] Examples of uses

[0410] The herbicidal activity of the combination and composition containing malondiamide as component A and a whitening herbicide as component B was demonstrated through the following greenhouse experiments:

[0411] The culture containers used were plastic flowerpots filled with sandy loam soil containing approximately 3.0% organic matter as a substrate. Seeds of test plants were sown individually for each species.

[0412] For post-emergence treatment, the test plants were first allowed to grow to a height of 2 to 25 cm.

[0413] This depends on the plant's habits, and only at this time should components A and B, which are already suspended or emulsified in water, be used for treatment.

[0414] For this purpose, the test plants were directly sown in the same containers and allowed to grow.

[0415] Alternatively, they can be allowed to grow individually as seedlings first, and then transplanted into test containers a few days before treatment.

[0416] Depending on the species, the test plants were kept at 10°C-25°C or 20°C-35°C, respectively.

[0417] The testing period lasts 2 to 4 weeks. During this time, the test plants are cared for, and their responses to individual treatments are evaluated.

[0418] Evaluation was conducted using a rating scale from 0 to 100. 100 indicates that at least the above-ground parts were completely destroyed, and 0 indicates no damage or normal growth. Values ​​of 80 to 90 were given for good herbicidal activity, and values ​​of 90 to 100 were given for very good herbicidal activity.

[0419] The test plants used in the greenhouse experiment belong to the following species:

[0420]

[0421] Dash® is an EC-formulated adjuvant containing oleic acid (46.5 g / L), fatty acid methyl esters (348.75 g / L), and fatty alcohols (209.25 g / L).

[0422] The Colby formula is applied to determine whether a composition exhibits a synergistic effect. If the activities of the individual compounds are simply additive, the expected value E is calculated using the method described in SR Colby (1967), “Calculating synergistic and antagonistic responses of herbicide combinations,” Weeds, 15, page 22 and following pages. For mixtures of two components, the value E is calculated using the following formula.

[0423] E = X + Y – (X . Y / 100)

[0424] Where X = the effect achieved by using herbicide A at the application rate a (in percentage);

[0425] Y = The effect achieved by using herbicide B at the application rate b (in percentage).

[0426] E = A + B is the expected effect (in %) at application rates a + b.

[0427] If the observed value in this manner is higher than the value E calculated by Colby, then a synergistic effect exists. Synergistic effect is the ratio of the observed effect to the expected effect E (in percentage).

[0428] The invention will be described in more detail by way of examples below.

[0429] Example 1:

[0430] Component A: Ia1 is used as a 5% EC formulation with 0.5% DASH.

[0431] Component B: Use B.38 (benzyl ether) as a 600 g / l SC formulation with 0.5% DASH.

[0432] An assessment was conducted 20 days after the treatment.

[0433]

[0434] Example 2:

[0435] Component A: Ia1 is used as a 5% EC formulation with 0.5% DASH.

[0436] Component B: Use B.7 (flupyridine) as a 75% WG formulation with 0.5% DASH.

[0437] An assessment was conducted 20 days after the treatment.

[0438]

[0439] Example 3:

[0440] Component A: Ia1 is used as a 5% EC formulation with 0.5% DASH.

[0441] Component B: B.35 (dichloroisoxane) is used as a 400 g / l SC formulation with 0.5% DASH.

[0442] An assessment was conducted 20 days after the treatment.

[0443]

[0444] Example 4:

[0445] Component A: Ia1 is used as a 5% EC formulation with 0.5% DASH.

[0446] Component B: Use B.24 (sulfonylpyrazole) as a 5% EC formulation with 0.5% DASH.

[0447] An assessment was conducted 21 days after the treatment.

[0448]

[0449] Example 5:

[0450] Component A: Ia1 is used as a 5% EC formulation with 0.5% DASH.

[0451] Component B: Use B.2 (pyrfluthrin) as a 500 g / l SC formulation with 0.5% DASH.

[0452] An assessment was conducted 20 days after the treatment.

[0453]

[0454] Example 6:

[0455] Component A: Ia1 is used as a 5% EC formulation with 0.5% DASH.

[0456] Component B: Use B10 (bicyclosulfuron) as a 50 g / l EC formulation with 0.5% DASH.

[0457] An assessment was conducted 18 days after the treatment.

[0458]

[0459] Example 7:

[0460] Component A: Ia1 is used as a 5% EC formulation with 0.5% DASH.

[0461] Component B: Use B32 (benzoxazine) as a 336 g / l SC formulation with 0.5% DASH.

[0462] Assessment 21 days after treatment

[0463]

[0464] Example 8:

[0465] Component A: Ia1 is used as a 5% EC formulation with 0.5% DASH.

[0466] Component B: B19 (isoxatriazole) is used as a 486 g / l SC formulation with 0.5% DASH.

[0467] Assessment 21 days after treatment

[0468]

[0469] Example 8:

[0470] Component A: Ia1 is used as a 5% EC formulation with 0.5% DASH.

[0471] Component B: Use B12 (flupyrrolidone) as a 50 g / l EC formulation with 0.5% DASH.

[0472] Assessment 21 days after treatment

[0473]

[0474] Example 9:

[0475] Component A: Ia1 is used as a 5% EC formulation with 0.5% DASH.

[0476] Component B: Use B39 (cyclopyridazine) as a 200 g / l SC formulation with 0.5% DASH.

[0477] Assessment 20 days after treatment

[0478]

[0479] Example 10:

[0480] Component A: Ia1 is used as a 5% EC formulation with 0.5% DASH.

[0481] Component B: Use B1 (flubutamidoamine) as a 500 g / l SC formulation with 0.5% DASH.

[0482] Assessment 20 days after treatment

[0483] .

Claims

1. A herbicidal composition comprising A) Herbicidal malonamide (component A), which is selected from compounds having formula (I). in R 1 R 2 and R 3 Each is independently hydrogen, halogen, cyano, (C1-C3)-alkyl, (C1-C3)-haloalkyl, (C1-C3)-alkoxy, or (C1-C3)-haloalkoxy; and R 4 It is hydrogen or (C1-C6)-alkyl, (C2-C4)-alkenyl, (C3-C4)-ynyl, (C3-C6)-cycloalkyl, (C3-C6)-cycloalkyl-(C1-C3)-alkyl, phenyl-(C1-C3)-alkyl, or furanyl-(C1-C3)-alkyl, wherein each of the last seven groups mentioned is substituted by m groups selected from the group consisting of: fluorine, chlorine, bromine, cyano, CO2R a CONR b R c (C1-C2)-alkoxy, (C1-C3)-alkylthio, (C1-C3)-alkylsulfinyl, (C1-C3)-alkylsulfonyl, phenylthio, phenylsulfinyl, and phenylsulfonyl; Each R a It is independently (C1-C6)-alkyl, (C3-C4)-ynyl or (C3-C6)-cycloalkyl, each of which is substituted by m groups selected from the group consisting of: fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, cyano, hydroxyl, and (C1-C3)-alkoxy; R b Is it hydrogen or has the properties of R? a One of the meanings given; R c It is hydrogen or (C1-C6)-alkyl, (C1-C2)-alkoxy, (C3-C6)-cycloalkyl, (C2-C4)-alkenyl, (C1-C6)-alkoxycarbonyl-(C1-C6)-alkyl, or (C2-C4)-alkynyl, wherein each of the last six groups mentioned is substituted by m groups selected from the group consisting of: fluorine, chlorine, bromine, cyano, CO2R a and (C1-C2)-alkoxy groups; Each m is independently 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5; This includes its agriculturally acceptable salts, stereoisomers, and tautomers; and B) Albino herbicide (component B), which is selected from phytorepinephrine dehydrogenase (PDS) inhibitors, including flubutyrazole, pyrifluquinazon, flupyrflufenoxam, fluroxypyr, furazolidone, dapoxetine, flupyrflufenoxam, and pyrimifluoxetine; and hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) inhibitors, including quinclorac, dicyclosulfuron, pyrifluquinazon, flupyrflufenoxam, cycloflufenoxam, pyridaben, fenquinazon, benzoylflufenoxam, and flusulfanilamide. Isoxazolidinone, triazole oxychloride, mesotrione, oxamylsulfuron, oxamylsulfuron, sulfadiazine, pyrazosulfuron, pyrazosulfuron, benzylazolidinone, sulfadiazine, furazolidinone, cyclosulfonone, pyrazosulfuron, benzoxazolidinone, triazolesulfuron; deoxy-D-xylulose phosphate synthase (DOXP) inhibitors, isoxaflutole, dichloroisooxaflutole, bromooxazolone and 2-(2,5-dichlorophenyl)methyl-4,4-dimethyl-3-isooxazolidinone (CAS 81778-66-7); solanesyl diphosphate synthase (SDS) inhibitors; urobenzene solanesyltransferase (HST) inhibitors, cyclopyridazine; and a herbicide with an unknown target: 2-chloro-3-methylthioalkyl-N-(1-methyltetrazole-5-yl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide (CAS 81778-66-7). 1361139-71-0), 2-methyl-N-(5-methyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)-3-methylsulfonyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide, 1-[2-chloro-6-(5-chloropyrimidin-2-yl)oxy-phenyl]-4,4,4-trifluoro-but-1-one (CAS: 2052297-97-7), 4-(2,6-diethyl-4-methyl-phenyl)-5-hydroxy-2,6-dimethyl-pyridazin-3-one, 4-(2,6-diethyl-4-methyl-phenyl)-5-hydroxy-6-methoxy-2-methyl-pyridazin-3-one, 6-chloro-4 -(2,7-dimethyl-1-naphthyl)-5-hydroxy-2-methyl-pyridazin-3-one (CAS: 2414510-21-5), 2-chloro-N-(5-methyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)-3-methylsulfinyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide, 2-chloro-N-(5-methyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)-3-[(S)-methylsulfinyl]-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide, and 2-chloro-N-(5-methyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)-3-[(R)-methylsulfinyl]-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide.

2. The herbicidal composition of claim 1, comprising a herbicidal malondiamide (component A) having formula (I), wherein R 1 It is halogen; R 2 It is hydrogen; R 3 It is halogen; and R 4 It is hydrogen, (C1-C6)-alkyl or (C3-C6)-cycloalkyl.

3. The herbicidal composition of claim 1, comprising a herbicidal malondiamide (component A) having formula (I), wherein R 1 It is fluorine, chlorine, or bromine; R 2 It is hydrogen; R 3 It is either fluorine or chlorine; and R 4 It is hydrogen, (C1-C6)-alkyl or (C3-C6)-cycloalkyl.

4. The herbicidal composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising a herbicidal malondiamide having formula (Ia) (component A). 。 5. The herbicidal composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising malonamide (component A), the malonamide being selected from compounds having formulas (Ia1) to (Ia6). 。 6. The herbicidal composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising an albino herbicide (component B) selected from phytorepinephrine dehydrogenase (PDS) inhibitors, flubutyrazole, pyrifluquinazon, flupyrfluquinazon, flurfluquinazon, furazolidone, dapoxetine, flupyrfluquinazon, and pyrimifluquinazon; and hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) inhibitors, quinclorac, dicyclosulfuron, pyrifluquinazon, flupyrfluquinazon, cyclosulfuron, fenquinazon, isoxaflutole, triazolamide, mesotrione, and oxamylsulfuron. Sulfopyrazole, pyrazosulfuron, benzylpyrazosulfuron, sulfadiazine, furazolidone, cyclosulfonylpyrazosulfuron, pyrazosulfuron-methyl, and benzoxazolone; deoxy-D-xylulose phosphate synthase (DOXP) inhibitors, isoxaflutole and dichloroisooxaflutole; solanyl diphosphate synthase (SDS) inhibitor, bensulfuron-methyl; urobenzyl solanyltransferase (HST) inhibitor, cyclopyridazine; and a whitening herbicide with an unknown target, 2-chloro-3-methylthioalkyl-N-(1-methyltetrazole-5-yl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide (CAS 1361139-71-0), 2-methyl-N-(5-methyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)-3-methylsulfonyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide, 1-[2-chloro-6-(5-chloropyrimidin-2-yl)oxy-phenyl]-4,4,4-trifluoro-but-1-one (CAS: 2052297-97-7), and 2-chloro-N-(5-methyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)-3-[(S)-methylsulfinyl]-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide.

7. The herbicidal composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising albino herbicide (component B), the albino herbicide being selected from flubutyrazole, pyrfluthrin, flupyrfluthrin, bispyribac-sodium, isoxaflutole, mesotrione, sulfadiazine, benzoxazine, dichloroisoxane, bensulfuron, and cyclopyridazine.

8. The herbicidal composition as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The weight ratio [w / w] between the herbicidal malondiamide (component A) and the whitening herbicide (component B) is 5:1 to 1:

75.

9. A method for weed control in a non-crop area or a crop-cultivated area, the method comprising applying an effective amount of the herbicidal malondiamide (component A) and the whitening herbicide (component B) as described in any one of claims 1 to 8 to the non-crop area or the crop-cultivated area where weeds grow or may grow.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein, This non-crop area is where turf is cultivated.

11. The method of claim 9, wherein, This crop cultivation area is a region where cereal crops are cultivated.

12. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 11, wherein, These weeds are monocotyledonous weeds.

13. The method of any one of claims 11 or 12, wherein, The herbicidal malondiamide (component A) and the whitening herbicide (component B) are applied before or after emergence in these cereal crops.

14. The use of a combination of components A and B as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, or a composition comprising the herbicidal malonamide (component A) and the whitening herbicide (component B), for controlling weeds in non-crop areas or crop-cultivated areas.

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