Mode selection system and method in microgrid

Abstract

Systems and methods for operating a microgrid can include a plurality of microgrid power asset of a microgrid, where the microgrid power asset includes a first microgrid power asset of a first type and a second microgrid power asset different from the first type; and a microgrid controller communicably coupled to the plurality of microgrid power asset and configured to control power supply from one or more of the plurality of microgrid power asset to one or more load of the microgrid. The microgrid controller can receive, via a human-machine interface (HMI), an operation sequence with which to control power supply to the microgrid, determine, from the operation sequence, an operation mode with which to supply power to the load(s), and control, from the operation mode, one or more interface to control power supply to the load(s).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure generally relates to the field of microgrids, including but not limited to efficiency mode selection systems and methods for grid-connected microgrids. Background Technology

[0002] Various locations, buildings, work sites, and other facilities may require electricity for operation. For example, at a construction site, electricity may be supplied to operate equipment, provide lighting, and support other applications or loads. Some locations can implement microgrids, which may include various power sources that deliver power to the microgrid or otherwise supply power for delivery to loads. Such power sources may include, for example, generator sets, battery storage devices, renewable energy sources, and / or utility grid lines. Such microgrids can be controlled by a microgrid controller.

[0003] For example, PCT Publication No. WO2015 / 063159 describes a method and apparatus for controlling power distribution within a microgrid (1). The microgrid includes power source modules, power storage modules, and load modules. The power storage modules can operate as another power source and power storage device. The load modules can receive power from the power source modules and the power storage modules. The described method includes: providing predefined operating modes for the microgrid, each mode specifying an operating mode for one or more of the microgrid modules; receiving one or more signals, each signal specifying operating parameters for the microgrid module; using the received signals, selecting an operating mode for the microgrid; and controlling the microgrid modules such that they operate as specified in the selected operating mode. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The first aspect provided herein relates to a system. The system includes multiple microgrid power assets of a microgrid, the multiple microgrid power assets including a first type of first microgrid power assets and a second type of microgrid power assets different from the first type. The system includes a microgrid controller communicatively coupled to the multiple microgrid power assets and configured to control the power supply from one or more of the multiple microgrid power assets to one or more loads of the microgrid. The microgrid controller includes one or more processors and a memory storing instructions that, when executed, cause the microgrid controller to: receive, via a human-machine interface (HMI), an operational sequence for controlling the power supply to the microgrid; determine, based on the operational sequence, an operational mode for supplying power to the one or more loads; and control one or more interfaces based on the operational mode to control the power supply to the one or more loads.

[0005] The second aspect provided herein relates to a method. The method includes a microgrid controller receiving, via a human-machine interface (HMI), an operational sequence for controlling the supply of power to the microgrid from a plurality of microgrid power assets, including a first type of microgrid power assets and a second type of microgrid power assets different from the first type. The method includes the microgrid controller determining, based on the operational sequence, an operational mode from a plurality of operational modes for supplying power to one or more loads of the microgrid. The method also includes the microgrid controller controlling one or more interfaces based on the operational mode to control the power supply to the one or more loads.

[0006] The third aspect provided herein relates to a microgrid controller. The microgrid controller includes a communication interface communicatively coupled to a plurality of microgrid power assets, including a first type of microgrid power assets and a second type of microgrid power assets. The microgrid controller includes a human-machine interface configured to receive an operational sequence for controlling the power supply to the microgrid. In some embodiments, the microgrid controller further includes processing circuitry including one or more processors and a memory storing instructions, which, when executed, cause the processing circuitry to determine, based on the operational sequence, an operational mode for supplying power to one or more loads of the microgrid, and to control one or more interfaces based on the operational mode to control the power supply to the one or more loads. Attached Figure Description

[0007] Figure 1 A diagram of a first microgrid system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0008] Figure 2 A diagram of a second microgrid system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0009] Figure 3 A flowchart illustrating a method for selecting an operating mode for a microgrid according to embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0010] Figures 4A-4B A flowchart illustrating a method for initiating a process for selecting an operating mode for a microgrid according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0011] Figures 5A-5C A flowchart illustrating a method for selecting an operating mode for a microgrid in an automation mode according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0012] Figure 6A flowchart illustrating a method for selecting an operating mode for a microgrid in manual mode according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0013] Figure 7 A flowchart illustrating a method for selecting an operating mode for a microgrid in an idle mode according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0014] Before turning to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate certain embodiments in detail, it should be understood that this disclosure is not limited to the details or methods set forth in the description or shown in the drawings. It should also be understood that the terminology used herein is for descriptive purposes only and should not be considered limiting.

[0015] Now for reference Figure 1 This diagram depicts a first microgrid system 100 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. The microgrid system 100 may be of the type of energy system having one or more distributed energy assets and loads, acting as a single controllable entity. The microgrid can be connected to and disconnected from the grid, allowing it to operate in grid-connected or islanded mode. The microgrid system 100 may include one or more microgrid assets (e.g., energy sources) configured to generate electricity and (e.g., via thickened busbars / high-power lines, and...) Figure 1 and Figure 2 The solid lines shown in the diagram provide power to the microgrid system 100. The energy source can be a generator set, renewable energy (e.g., wind, solar, hydro, geothermal, etc.), energy storage devices (e.g., batteries, etc.), or fuel cells. For example, the microgrid system 100 may include photovoltaic panels 112, generator sets 102, and a public power grid 110. In some embodiments, the generator set may include an engine and a generator. In some embodiments, the microgrid system 100 may include one or more field loads 114 configured to receive power from the microgrid system.

[0016] In some embodiments, each of the microgrid assets may be connected to transfer switch 116. In some embodiments, the transfer switch may be an automatic transfer switch. In other embodiments, the transfer switch may be a manual transfer switch. A transfer switch is an electrical switch that switches the power supply to a load between two (or more) sources, such as between a generator set and a utility grid source. Transfer switch 116 may be configured to switch the microgrid from connection to or disconnection from the utility grid 110.

[0017] In some embodiments, the microgrid system 100 includes a generator parallel controller 106 configured to parallel a plurality of generator sets 102 to a public grid 110. In some embodiments, the microgrid system 100 includes an electricity meter 108 configured to monitor electricity generated or otherwise supplied by microgrid assets and used by field loads 114.

[0018] In some embodiments, the microgrid system 100 includes a microgrid controller 104 (generally referred to as "controller 104"). The microgrid controller 104 may be configured (e.g., to generate control signals via a control / communication / signaling connection) to... Figure 1 and Figure 2 (shown as dashed lines) manages power distribution within the microgrid. In some embodiments, the microgrid controller 104 may (e.g., through data / information received via such control / communication / signaling connections) monitor available energy and its utilization, and adjust power distribution within the microgrid accordingly to optimize power supplied to or otherwise distributed within the microgrid system 100. In some embodiments, the microgrid controller 104 may manage the connectivity and interaction between microgrid assets (e.g., generator 102, photovoltaic panels 112, field loads 114, etc.) and the utility grid 110. The microgrid controller 104 may be configured to manage power exchange between the microgrid assets and the utility grid 110. In some embodiments, the microgrid controller 104 may be configured to manage power exchange between the microgrid assets and the utility grid 110 according to one or more selected modes and selected operating sequences, as described in more detail below. In some embodiments, the microgrid controller 104 may be configured to receive operating sequences via a human-machine interface (HMI) for controlling the power supply to the microgrid. The microgrid controller 104 can also be configured to determine, from a plurality of operating modes, an operating mode for supplying power to one or more loads based on the operating sequence. The microgrid controller 104 can be configured to control one or more interfaces according to the operating mode to control the power supply to one or more loads.

[0019] The microgrid controller 104 may include one or more processors 118 and memory 120. The processors 118 may be or include any means, components, elements, or hardware designed or configured to perform the steps described herein. For example, the processors 118 may include any number of general-purpose single-chip or multi-chip processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or one or more other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed or configured to perform the steps described herein. In some embodiments, the microgrid controller 104 may include a single processor 118 designed or configured to perform each of the steps described herein.

[0020] In some embodiments, a microgrid controller may include a plurality of processors 118 designed or configured to perform (e.g., individually or together) each of the steps described herein. As an example, a microgrid controller 104 may include a first processor 118 designed or configured to perform a first subset of the steps, and a second processor 118 designed or configured to perform a second subset of the steps (wherein the first subset differs from the second subset). As another example, a microgrid controller 104 may include a first processor and a second processor 118, which together perform the steps in a distributed manner. Therefore, unless explicitly indicated otherwise, such as by using terms like “single processor,” the term “one or more processors” as used herein contemplates and covers embodiments in which all of the one or more processors perform all of the described steps or features, different processors respectively perform different steps or features, the same or different sets of two or more processors work in combination to perform the steps or features, or any variations thereof. In other words, unless otherwise explicitly indicated, the term "one or more processors" is used herein to contemplate and cover a single processor performing all steps or features, as well as two or more processors operating individually or in combination, wherein each step or feature is performed by any one or combination of the two or more processors. Memory 120 may be or include any type or form of data storage device, including tangible non-transient volatile memory and / or non-volatile memory.

[0021] Now for reference Figure 2This diagram illustrates a second microgrid system 200 according to another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. The microgrid system 200 may be of the type of energy system having one or more distributed energy assets and loads, acting as a single controllable entity. The microgrid can be connected to and disconnected from the grid, allowing it to operate in grid-connected or islanded mode. The microgrid system 100 may include one or more microgrid assets (e.g., energy sources) configured to generate and supply electricity to the microgrid system 100. Energy sources may be generator sets, renewable energy sources (e.g., wind, solar, hydro, geothermal, etc.), energy storage devices (e.g., batteries, etc.), or fuel cells. For example, the microgrid system 100 may include generator sets 202 and energy storage containers 210. In some embodiments, generator sets 202 may include an engine and a generator. In some embodiments, the microgrid system 200 includes a generator set parallel controller 203 configured to parallel multiple generator sets 202 to a public grid 110.

[0022] In some embodiments, the energy storage container 210 may be an energy storage device configured to store energy that the microgrid system 200 can use to supplement the electricity supplied by the microgrid assets. In some embodiments, the energy storage container may be, but is not limited to, a battery energy storage system, a compressed air storage system, a fuel cell, a thermal energy storage system, and a mechanical energy storage system.

[0023] The microgrid system 200 includes a variable frequency drive 206. The variable frequency drive 206 may be a type of motor controller that drives a motor 208 by changing the frequency of the voltage of its power supply. In some embodiments, the variable frequency drive 206 controls the speed of the motor 208.

[0024] In some embodiments, the microgrid system 200 includes a microgrid controller 204, which may be similar to... Figure 1 The microgrid controller 104. In other words, the microgrid controller 204 can be configured to manage power distribution within the microgrid. Similar to... Figure 1 The microgrid controller 104 and microgrid controller 204 can monitor available energy and its utilization, and adjust the power distribution in the microgrid accordingly to optimize the power generated by the microgrid system 200. In some embodiments, the microgrid controller 204 can manage the connection and interaction between microgrid assets (e.g., generator set 202, energy storage container 210, etc.) and the public power grid (not shown).

[0025] Industrial applicability

[0026] The disclosed embodiments are applicable to any microgrid system or solution. A microgrid system can be any type of self-sufficient energy system serving a specific and geographically isolated area, such as a construction site, industrial park, hospital, business, or residential community. A microgrid system may include one or more energy / microgrid assets, loads, and a microgrid controller. The one or more energy sources may include renewable energy sources (e.g., solar panels, wind turbines, etc.), energy storage sources (e.g., batteries, fuel cells), and generator sets. The microgrid may also be connected to a public power grid.

[0027] In some embodiments, a microgrid can operate independently. Specifically, a microgrid can be disconnected from the central grid and operate independently (e.g., islanded operation). This ability to operate independently allows the microgrid to provide power when the central grid or the utility grid experiences outages or power shortages. Furthermore, the microgrid can supplement the power supplied by the central grid during periods of high demand.

[0028] Now for reference Figure 3 A flowchart illustrating an exemplary method 300 for selecting an operating mode for a microgrid according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure is depicted. Method 300 can be described by reference above. Figures 1 to 2 The described component, element, or hardware is implemented, carried out, or otherwise performed by it. For example, method 300 may be performed by... Figure 1 microgrid controller 104 or Figure 2 The microgrid controller 204 executes this. As a brief overview, in step 302, the microgrid controller may receive an operational sequence for controlling the power supply to the microgrid. In step 304, the microgrid controller can determine an operating mode for supplying power to one or more loads based on the operational sequence. In step 306, the microgrid controller can control one or more interfaces according to the operating mode to control the power supply to one or more loads.

[0029] In step 302, the microgrid controller may receive an operational sequence for controlling the power supply to the microgrid. The operational sequence may refer to a set of control setpoints that can be used to control the operation of the microgrid (such as microgrids 100 and 200 described above). In some embodiments, the operational sequence may be received from a user via a human-machine interface (HMI). In some embodiments, the operational sequence may include one or more optimization mode setpoints corresponding to the state of the respective microgrid power assets, one or more asset group operational mode setpoints, and one or more power dispatch schemes. For example, the optimization mode setpoints may include an economic mode that optimizes the operation of the microgrid for economic priorities. The optimization mode setpoints may also include a renewable mode that optimizes the operation of the microgrid to prioritize the use of renewable energy resources. The optimization mode setpoints may include an emission mode that optimizes the operation of the microgrid to reduce emissions. The optimization mode setpoints may include a reliability mode that optimizes the reliability of the microgrid. In some embodiments, the operational sequence may be determined by and based on one or more operating conditions of the microgrid. Operating conditions may include certain times of day, certain seasons, weather conditions, etc. For example, the electricity demand for a microgrid may be higher or lower at certain times of the day. For instance, the electricity demand for a microgrid may be higher during the daytime. Therefore, during the daytime, the operating sequence may prioritize microgrid assets that can handle higher electricity demand, or ensure that more microgrid assets are activated to meet the demand. In contrast, during the nighttime, the operating sequence may prioritize the use of the utility grid due to lower operating or electricity costs.

[0030] In step 304, the microgrid controller can determine an operating mode for supplying power to one or more loads associated with the microgrid based on the operating sequence. In some embodiments, the operating mode can be selected from multiple operating modes. For example, multiple operating modes may include a managed point-of-compatibility (POC) mode, an unmanaged POC mode, a demand-limited mode, an input / output mode, a silent mode, an islanded operation mode, or a utility grid failure mode. The operating mode can be determined based on the operating sequence received at step 302. As described, the operating sequence is determined based on the microgrid's operating conditions (e.g., operating time, weather conditions, power demand conditions, etc.). The operating sequence can also be based on the microgrid operator's preferences. The microgrid controller can use the operating sequence to determine the microgrid's operating mode. In some embodiments, the multiple operating modes can be configurable setpoints that can work with grid-connected or islanded microgrid systems.

[0031] In step 306, the microgrid controller can control one or more interfaces according to this operating mode to control the power supply to one or more loads. In some embodiments, the one or more interfaces can be configured to connect various parts of the microgrid and control the power supply from power sources in the microgrid to loads connected to the microgrid. In some embodiments, the one or more interfaces may include at least one of a transmission switch, a transfer switch, or a generator parallel controller. The microgrid controller can control the operation of the transmission switch, transfer switch, or generator parallel controller to connect or disconnect different assets in the microgrid to control the power supply to one or more loads.

[0032] Now for reference Figures 4A-4B The diagram depicts a flowchart illustrating an exemplary method 400 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, which illustrates a method for initiating a process for selecting an operating mode for a microgrid. Method 400 can be referenced above. Figures 1 to 2 The described component, element, or hardware is implemented, carried out, or otherwise performed by it. For example, method 400 may be performed by... Figure 1 microgrid controller 104 or Figure 2 The microgrid controller 204 executes.

[0033] After method 400 begins at step 402, in step 404, the microgrid controller sets the control mode to "Transition to Auto". This allows the operation of the microgrid controller to switch to automatic mode. In some embodiments, the microgrid can operate in automatic mode, manual mode, non-control mode, idle mode, and on / off mode. In automatic mode, the microgrid automatically determines which commands to send to the microgrid assets. In manual mode, the user manually enters the commands to be sent to the microgrid assets. Figures 4A-4B In the microgrid startup method described herein, the microgrid controller can be configured to operate the microgrid in automatic mode. However, this is merely an exemplary embodiment, and in step 404, the microgrid controller can switch to any other mode, including manual mode, non-control mode, and on / off mode. In idle mode, the microgrid controller may not issue / send / provide (one or more) commands to the microgrid assets, but may monitor / receive / detect data, measurements, or other information related to the microgrid assets. In off mode, the microgrid controller may not issue / send / provide (one or more) commands to the microgrid assets, and may also not monitor / receive / detect data, measurements, or other information related to the microgrid assets.

[0034] In step 406, the microgrid controller can determine whether any microgrid assets are connected to the electrical bus used for the microgrid. In some embodiments, the electrical bus may be an alternating current (AC) electrical bus configured to facilitate interconnection between microgrid assets (e.g., photovoltaic panels, wind turbines, generator sets, energy storage containers, loads, utility grid assets, etc.). In other embodiments, the electrical bus may be a direct current (DC) electrical bus. If assets are connected to the electrical bus, the method proceeds to step 408. If no assets are connected to the electrical bus, the method proceeds to step 414. In step 408, the microgrid controller can send a start command to all non-generator sets and / or non-utility grid assets on the electrical bus. For example, refer to... Figure 1 In the microgrid 100 shown, at step 408, the microgrid controller 104 can send a start command to the photovoltaic panel 112. At step 410, the microgrid controller can set the control mode for the microgrid controller to automatic (e.g., "AUTO"), completing the transition to the automatic mode initiated at step 404. At step 412, the microgrid controller proceeds to method 500, which is described below regarding... Figures 5A-5C To describe in more detail.

[0035] As described above, if no asset is connected to the electrical bus, the method proceeds to step 414. In step 414, the microgrid controller can determine what the grid connection interface setpoint is. The grid connection interface setpoint can describe the connection scheme between the microgrid and the utility grid asset. In some embodiments, the grid connection interface setpoint can be at least one of ATS, grid parallel, or utility grid parallel. If the grid connection interface setpoint is set to ATS, the method returns to step 408, which is described in more detail above. If the grid connection interface setpoint is set to utility grid parallel, the method proceeds to step 416.

[0036] In step 416, the microgrid controller determines whether to enable grid paralleling. In grid paralleling control mode, microgrid assets (e.g., photovoltaic panels, generator sets, etc.) are connected in parallel to and synchronized with the public grid. If grid paralleling is not enabled at step 416 (e.g., no), the method proceeds to... Figure 4B Point A on the grid. If grid paralleling is enabled (e.g., yes), the method proceeds to step 418. In step 418, the microgrid controller determines whether the grid is available. If the grid is unavailable (e.g., no), the method proceeds to... Figure 4B Point A on the grid. If the power grid is available (e.g., yes), the method proceeds to step 420. If the power grid is unavailable (e.g., no), the method proceeds to... Figure 4B Point A on the [plane / node].

[0037] In step 420, the microgrid controller sends a grid circuit breaker closing request. In some embodiments, the circuit breaker closing request is sent to a synchronization check device, which closes the circuit breaker when synchronization is determined in the microgrid. The grid circuit breaker closing request may be or includes a signal sent by the microgrid controller to a circuit breaker that connects the microgrid to the public grid. This signal can cause the circuit breaker to close, thereby connecting the microgrid to the public grid. In step 422, the microgrid controller starts or continues a grid circuit breaker closing timer. In some embodiments, the grid circuit breaker closing timer triggers a "failed to close" diagnostic (i.e., if the circuit breaker does not close before the expiration of this time). Once this diagnostic is triggered, the microgrid controller notifies the user via the HMI that the circuit breaker failed to close. The grid circuit breaker closing timer may be or includes a timer that times or calculates the duration of the connection between the public grid and the microgrid. For example, certain operating modes may include maintaining the connection between the public grid and the microgrid for a predetermined or set duration (e.g., hours, predetermined time window, etc.) to limit the power supplied by the public grid. The microgrid controller can start or continue the grid circuit breaker closing timer to compare the time for the utility grid to supply power to the microgrid with a predetermined or set duration.

[0038] In step 424, the microgrid controller identifies one or more assets that meet the startup conditions. In some embodiments, after step 424, the microgrid controller may identify the asset group with the highest startup priority (e.g., photovoltaic panel groups, wind turbine groups, generator groups, energy storage container groups, etc.). In some embodiments, the highest startup priority may be predetermined and stored in the microgrid controller. For example, each asset may have a predetermined priority score or value relative to each other (e.g., photovoltaic panels may have a higher priority score than generator groups, etc.). In other embodiments, the highest startup priority may be determined dynamically based on the currently operating microgrid. For example, the highest priority may be assigned to any asset group with the highest power output, the most sustainable power output, or the most economical power output, according to the microgrid controller's objectives.

[0039] In step 426, the microgrid controller sends a start command to the asset in the asset group with the highest start priority. In step 428, the microgrid controller resets and starts the start timer. In step 430, the microgrid controller determines whether any other assets are connected to the electrical bus of the microgrid. If any other assets are connected to the electrical bus (e.g., yes), the method proceeds to... Figure 4APoint B. If no other assets exist (e.g., no), the method proceeds to step 432. In step 432, the microgrid controller determines whether the start timer has expired. If the timer has expired (e.g., yes), the method proceeds to step 434, in which the microgrid controller resets and starts the start timer. If the timer has not expired (e.g., no), the method proceeds to step 430 as explained above.

[0040] Now for reference Figures 5A-5C The diagram depicts a flowchart illustrating an exemplary method 500 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the exemplary method illustrating a method for selecting an operating mode for a microgrid in an automatic mode. Method 500 can be referenced above. Figures 1 to 2 The described components, elements, or hardware are implemented, carried out, or otherwise performed by them. For example, method 500 may be performed by... Figure 1 microgrid controller 104 or Figure 2 The microgrid controller 204 executes.

[0041] For details, please refer to the following: Figure 5A In step 502, the microgrid controller determines whether a desired control mode has been received. In some embodiments, the desired control mode may be at least one of a shutdown mode, an idle mode, and a manual mode. If the desired control mode has been received (e.g., its overriding automatic mode), then in step 504, the microgrid exits automatic mode and begins operating in the desired control mode. If the desired control mode has not been received, the microgrid controller proceeds to step 506. In step 506, it is determined whether any microgrid assets (e.g., solar panels, wind turbines, generator sets, energy storage containers, etc.) are connected to the public grid. If no assets are connected to the public grid, the method proceeds to step 508. In step 508, the microgrid controller may command the grid to operate in a grid-forming mode. In grid-forming mode, inverter-based energy sources in the microgrid (e.g., solar panels, wind turbines, batteries, etc.) provide voltage and frequency support to the public grid during periods when the public grid is experiencing interference or power outages. In grid-formation mode, inverter-based energy sources can adjust their output power and voltage in response to the microgrid's operating conditions and coordinate with other energy sources in the microgrid to balance power supply and demand. If any assets are connected to the public grid, the method proceeds to step 510. In step 510, the microgrid controller can command the grid to operate in grid-following mode. In grid-following mode, inverter-based energy sources synchronize their output with the public grid voltage and frequency. In grid-following mode, inverter-based energy sources rely on the public grid to provide a stable voltage and frequency they can follow. In grid-following mode, the microgrid may not operate in islanded mode.

[0042] In step 512, the microgrid controller can determine the grid connection interface setpoint. The grid connection interface setpoint describes the connection scheme between the microgrid and the public grid assets. In some embodiments, the grid connection interface setpoint can be at least one of Automatic Transfer Switching (ATS), grid paralleling, or public grid paralleling. If the grid connection interface setpoint is ATS, the method proceeds to... Figure 5B Point B, which is described in more detail below. If the grid connection interface setting point is grid parallel connection, the method proceeds to... Figure 5C Point C on the [plane], which will be described in more detail below.

[0043] If no grid connection interface setpoint is found at step 512, the method proceeds to step 514. In step 514, the microgrid controller resets the timer used for silent mode shutdown. In step 516, the microgrid controller determines whether one or more conditions for the microgrid to operate in silent mode are met. In some embodiments, the condition for silent mode operation may be the time of day of operation. For example, silent mode may be enabled during the night because it may be desirable to operate silent assets during the night or outside of working hours to avoid causing disturbances. In some embodiments, the condition for silent mode operation may be that the energy storage device has sufficient reserve power to cover the required reserves. In some embodiments, the condition for silent mode operation may be that the energy storage device has sufficient energy to sustain the load for a user-specified duration. In some embodiments, the condition for silent mode operation may be that the energy storage device has a kVAr and kVA capacity to carry the load. In some embodiments, the condition for silent mode operation is that the generator set has been running continuously for at least a certain period of time. In silent mode, the microgrid can operate using power supplies from microgrid assets that are quieter than other microgrid assets. For example, in silent mode, the microgrid can operate using power supplied from photovoltaic panels instead of generators because photovoltaic panels generate less noise than generators. If the conditions for silent mode are met (e.g., each, a subset, or one or more of the conditions are met), the method proceeds to step 518, where the microgrid controller commands the microgrid to enter silent mode. If the conditions for silent mode are not met, the method returns to step 502.

[0044] refer to Figure 5BWhen the grid connection interface setpoint is ATS, in step 520, the microgrid controller determines whether grid paralleling is enabled. In grid paralleling control mode, microgrid assets (e.g., photovoltaic panels, generator sets, etc.) are connected in parallel to and synchronized with the public grid. For example, the microgrid controller can sense the output voltage and / or current from the public grid and control one or more interfaces of the microgrid (e.g., transfer switches, etc.) to mirror and synchronize with the microgrid. If grid paralleling is enabled (e.g., yes), the method proceeds to steps 522 and 524. In step 522, the microgrid controller sets the planned islanding request to false. In step 524, the microgrid controller disables the automatic transfer switching islanding command output. If grid paralleling is not enabled (e.g., no), the method proceeds to steps 526 and 528. In step 526, the microgrid controller sets the planned islanding request to true. In step 528, the microgrid controller activates the automatic transfer switching islanding command output. The method then returns to... Figure 5A Point A on the [plane / node].

[0045] refer to Figure 5C When the grid connection interface setpoint is grid parallel, in step 530, the microgrid controller determines whether grid parallel is enabled. If grid parallel is enabled (e.g., yes), the method proceeds to step 532. In step 532, the microgrid controller sets the planned islanding request to false.

[0046] In step 534, the microgrid controller determines whether any asset is connected to the public grid. If none of the assets are connected to the public grid, the method proceeds to step 536. If one or more assets are connected to the public grid, the method proceeds to step 546. In step 536, the microgrid controller determines whether the grid is available. If the grid is unavailable, the method proceeds to step 542, where the microgrid controller removes a grid circuit breaker closing request. The grid circuit breaker closing request may be or includes a signal sent by the microgrid controller to a circuit breaker that connects the microgrid to the public grid. This signal can cause the circuit breaker to close, thereby connecting the microgrid to the public grid. If the grid is available, the method proceeds to step 538, where the microgrid controller sends a voltage and / or frequency command. In step 540, the microgrid controller sends a grid circuit breaker closing request.

[0047] If grid paralleling is not enabled at step 530 (e.g., no), the method proceeds to step 544. In step 544, the microgrid controller sets the planned islanding request to false. In step 546, the microgrid controller removes the frequency and / or voltage bias command. In step 548, the microgrid controller determines whether any asset in the assets is connected to the public grid. If no asset in the assets is connected to the public grid, the method proceeds to step 550, where the microgrid controller sets the planned islanding request to false. If any asset in the assets is connected to the public grid, the method proceeds to step 552, where the microgrid controller sets the planned islanding request to true. The method then proceeds to... Figure 5A Point D on the top.

[0048] Now for reference Figure 6 The diagram depicts a flowchart illustrating an exemplary method 600 for selecting an operating mode for a microgrid in manual mode according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. Method 600 can be referenced above. Figures 1 to 2 The described components, elements, or hardware are implemented, carried out, or otherwise performed by them. For example, method 600 may be performed by... Figure 1 microgrid controller 104 or Figure 2 The microgrid controller 204 executes.

[0049] In step 602, the method begins. In step 604, the microgrid controller sets the control mode for the microgrid to manual. In step 606, the microgrid controller operates the microgrid in manual mode. In step 608, the microgrid controller determines whether a desired control mode has been received and what the desired control mode is. In some embodiments, the desired control mode may be at least one of a shutdown mode, an idle mode, and an automatic mode. If the desired control mode is shutdown / idle, then in step 612, the microgrid exits the manual control mode and begins operating in idle / shutdown mode. The shutdown / idle mode is discussed below regarding... Figure 7 A more detailed description follows. If the desired control mode is automatic, then in step 610, the microgrid exits the manual control mode and begins operation in automatic mode using the startup process. The startup process is described in more detail above with reference to Figure 4.

[0050] Now for reference Figure 7 The diagram depicts a flowchart illustrating an exemplary method 700 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, which illustrates a method for selecting an operating mode for a microgrid in a shutdown / idle mode. Method 700 can be referenced above. Figures 1 to 2 The described components, elements, or hardware are implemented, carried out, or otherwise performed by them. For example, method 700 may be performed by... Figure 1 microgrid controller 104 or Figure 2 The microgrid controller 204 executes the process. In step 702, the method begins. In step 704, the microgrid controller sets the control mode for the microgrid to idle. In step 706, the microgrid controller determines whether a desired control mode has been received and what that desired control mode is. In some embodiments, the desired control mode may be at least one of a shutdown mode, an idle mode, a manual mode, and an automatic mode. If the desired control mode is shutdown, then in step 708, the microgrid exits the idle control mode and begins operating in shutdown mode. If the desired control mode is automatic, then in step 710, the microgrid exits the idle control mode and begins operating in automatic mode using a startup process. The startup process is described above in more detail with reference to Figure 4. If the desired control mode is manual, then in step 712, the microgrid exits the idle control mode and begins operating in manual mode. If the desired control mode is idle, the microgrid continues to operate in idle mode.

[0051] Microgrids can operate according to one or more operating modes. For example, one or more operating modes may include managed point-of-compatibility (POC) mode, unmanaged POC mode, demand-limited mode, input / output mode, silent mode, islanded operation mode, or utility grid failure mode. Microgrids can be configured based on operating sequences received from users. The operating mode for a microgrid can be determined based on operating sequences received from users. Operating sequences can be determined by and based on one or more operating conditions of the microgrid. Operating conditions may include certain times of day, certain seasons, weather conditions, etc. For example, during certain times of day, the electricity demand for the microgrid may be higher or lower than during those times. As another example, the electricity demand for the microgrid and the ability of certain microgrid assets to provide power may fluctuate based on the operating season of the microgrid. For example, during the summer months when electricity demand is high, the operating sequences received from users may specify that the microgrid priorities include: 1) meeting high electricity demand, and 2) using microgrid assets (e.g., solar panels, generator sets, etc.) that can provide a large amount of electricity during the summer months. In contrast, electricity demand may be lower during the winter, and the operational sequences received from users can prioritize microgrid assets (e.g., wind turbines, utility grids, generator sets, etc.) that can provide a certain amount of electricity under winter weather conditions.

Claims

1. A system comprising: Multiple microgrid power assets of a microgrid, the multiple microgrid power assets including a first type of first microgrid power assets and a second type of microgrid power assets different from the first type; as well as A microgrid controller (204) (104), communicatively coupled to the plurality of microgrid power assets and configured to control power supply from one or more of the plurality of microgrid power assets to one or more loads of the microgrid, the microgrid controller (204) (104) including one or more processors (118) and a memory (120) storing instructions that, when executed, cause the microgrid controller (204) (104) to: Receives an operational sequence via a human-machine interface (HMI) for controlling the power supply to the microgrid; Based on the operation sequence, an operating mode for supplying power to the one or more loads is determined from a plurality of operating modes; as well as According to the operating mode, one or more interfaces are controlled to control the power supply to the one or more loads.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of microgrid assets include at least one of generator sets, photovoltaic (PV) panels, or a utility grid connector, the utility grid connector being configured to connect the microgrid to a utility grid (110).

3. The system according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the one or more interfaces include at least one of a power transmission switch, a transfer switch (116) or a generator set parallel controller (203) (106).

4. The system according to any one of claims 1-3 further includes one or more sensors configured to monitor one or more conditions of a respective microgrid power asset among the plurality of microgrid power assets.

5. The system of claim 4, wherein the one or more sensors include a circuit breaker monitoring sensor configured to sense the operational status of a public grid connector that connects the microgrid to a public grid (110), and wherein one of the microgrid power assets includes the public grid connector.

6. The system according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the operation sequence comprises a first sequence according to a first time period and a second sequence according to a second time period, and wherein the microgrid controller (204) (104) is further configured to: The operation sequence is determined from the first sequence and the second sequence based on the current time instance relative to the first time period or the second time period.

7. The system of claim 6, wherein the microgrid controller (204) (104) is configured to determine the operating sequence based on the current time instance and to determine the operating mode based on one or more conditions of the microgrid.

8. The system according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one of the plurality of microgrid power assets is a public grid connector configured to connect the microgrid to a public grid (110), and wherein the plurality of operating modes include at least one of the following: Managed common coupling point pattern; Unmanaged common coupling point pattern; Demand-constrained mode; Input / output mode; Silent mode; Isolated operation mode; or Public power grid failure mode.

9. The system according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the operation sequence includes one or more optimization mode setpoints corresponding to the state of the corresponding microgrid power asset, one or more asset group operation mode setpoints, and one or more power dispatch schemes.

10. A method (300) comprising: The microgrid controller (204) (104) receives (302) an operational sequence via a human-machine interface (HMI) for controlling the power supply to the microgrid from a plurality of microgrid power assets, the plurality of microgrid power assets including a first type of first microgrid power assets and a second type of second microgrid power assets different from the first type; The microgrid controller (204) (104) determines (304) an operating mode from a plurality of operating modes according to the operating sequence for supplying power to one or more loads of the microgrid; as well as The microgrid controller (204) (104) controls (306) one or more interfaces according to the operating mode to control the power supply to the one or more loads.

11. The method (300) of claim 10, further comprising monitoring one or more conditions of the respective microgrid power assets among the plurality of microgrid power assets by the microgrid controller (204) (104) via data from one or more sensors.

12. The method (300) according to claim 10 or claim 11, wherein the operation sequence comprises a first sequence according to a first time period and a second sequence according to a second time period, the method (300) further comprising: The microgrid controller (204) (104) determines the operation sequence from the first sequence and the second sequence based on the current time instance relative to the first time period or the second time period.

13. The method (300) according to claim 12, further comprising: The operating mode is determined by the microgrid controller (204) (104) based on one or more conditions of the microgrid.

14. The method (300) according to claim 10, wherein the operating mode is a first operating mode, and the method (300) further comprises: The microgrid controller (204) (104) determines the status of the microgrid and / or one or more of the plurality of microgrid power assets; as well as The microgrid controller (204) (104) switches from the first operating mode to the second operating mode according to the situation, so as to change the power supply from the first microgrid power asset to the one or more loads to the power supply from the second microgrid power asset to the one or more loads.

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