Systems and devices for data transmission in a network and associated methods thereof

Abstract

Systems (100), devices (102), and methods (300) for data transmission in a network are disclosed. The method (300) includes configuring information including an indication related to a transmission frequency; communicating the information to a user apparatus; determining a data frequency based on the information; and initiating a data transmission based on the determined data frequency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure generally relates to one or both of a system and apparatus for data transmission in a network, associated with a user equipment (UE) that can be used for communication, for example. This disclosure further relates to a method that can be associated with the system and / or the apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] Generally, energy efficiency is helpful or desirable in communication networks. An example of a communication network would be a telecommunications network based on the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) 5G (Fifth Generation) New Radio (NR) standard.

[0003] Typically, in conventional technologies used for data transmission, when a next-generation node B (gNB), intermediate node, or external node transmits a carrier wave (CW) for backscattering, the Ambient Internet of Things (A-IoT) device may be unable to use the CW to perform backscattering or energy harvesting if it is unaware of one or more frequencies on which the CW is transmitted. Even if the A-IoT device generates the carrier internally, it must still know the frequency used for device-to-reader (D2R) transmissions. Therefore, this disclosure envisions that conventional technologies for such data transmission may not optimally promote energy efficiency.

[0004] This disclosure envisions that it would be helpful to solve (or at least mitigate) one or more problems associated with conventional technologies used to improve energy efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a method for data transmission in a network is provided, the method comprising: configuring information including an indication related to a transmission frequency; conveying the information to a user device; determining a data frequency based on the information; and initiating data transmission based on the determined data frequency.

[0006] Advantageously, the method described herein enables user devices (e.g., Ambient Internet of Things (A-IoT) devices) to select a CW suitable for backscatter transmission or energy harvesting. When multiple CWs are present and transmitted at different frequencies, device-specific indications as described herein can be useful because different user devices (e.g., A-IoT devices) can multiplex these frequencies to avoid interference.

[0007] In embodiments, conveying information to a user device includes conveying information in reader-to-device (R2D) transmissions via System Information Broadcast (SIB) and / or control information channels associated with a particular user device or group of user devices.

[0008] In this embodiment, conveying information to the user device includes conveying information via an intermediate node.

[0009] In an embodiment, transmitting information via an intermediate node includes transmitting via the SIB and / or control information channels associated with a particular intermediate node.

[0010] In an embodiment, the information includes a table having indexes associated with multiple frequency ranges and / or multiple frequency sets.

[0011] In embodiments, multiple frequency ranges and / or multiple frequency sets can be associated with at least one of the following: the operating spectrum of R2D transmission; and / or the device-to-reader (D2R) transmission frequency.

[0012] In the embodiments, multiple frequency ranges and / or multiple frequency sets include the center frequency of R2D transmission.

[0013] In the embodiments, the multiple frequency ranges and / or multiple frequency sets include at least two parameters, which include the center frequency of the D2R transmission, the offset from the center frequency, and a multiple of the offset from the center frequency.

[0014] In this embodiment, determining the data frequency based on information includes determining it based on a backscatter modulator and / or a frequency shifter.

[0015] In this embodiment, determining the data frequency based on information includes determining it based on the generation of an internal carrier wave (CW).

[0016] In an embodiment, the configuration information includes pre-determining the transmission frequency based on at least one of the following: R2D transmission frequency, device type, and / or transmission type.

[0017] In one embodiment, the user device includes an environmental Internet of Things (A-IoT) device.

[0018] In one embodiment, a computer program (not shown) is provided, which may include instructions that, when executed by a computer (not shown), cause the computer to perform the method of the first aspect.

[0019] In one embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided that stores data representing software executable by a computer, the software including instructions that, when executed by the computer, are used to perform the method of the first aspect.

[0020] According to a second aspect of this disclosure, an apparatus for data transmission in a network is provided, the apparatus comprising: a first module configured to receive at least one input signal associated with information including an indication related to a transmission frequency; a second module configured to perform at least one of the following to generate at least one output signal: a method of processing the first aspect and a method of facilitating the first aspect; and a third module configured to convey at least one output signal, wherein the output signal corresponds to a control signal for data transmission in the network.

[0021] In this embodiment, the device may correspond to a user equipment (UE) that can communicate with a device corresponding to a base station. For example, the base station may correspond to a next-generation node B (gNB) that can be configured to transmit one or more signals (e.g., input signals) to the UE.

[0022] In one embodiment, a system is provided that includes one or more devices and one or more means. The devices and means may be coupled, for example, via wired coupling and / or wireless coupling.

[0023] Advantageously, the system allows user devices (e.g., A-IoT devices) to know which CW frequency to use when transmitting to a reader (or gNB or base station). This enables frequency division multiple access where different user devices (e.g., A-IoT devices) transmit to the reader (or gNB or base station) on different carrier frequencies. The system also provides different options for indicating D2R transmissions with different levels of signaling overhead. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Embodiments of this disclosure are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0025] Figure 1A A schematic diagram of an exemplary system for data transmission in a network according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown, the system including at least one device.

[0026] Figures 1B to 1G The embodiments of the present disclosure are shown. Figure 1A Example scenarios associated with the system.

[0027] Figure 2 Further detailed illustrations of embodiments according to this disclosure are shown. Figure 1A A schematic diagram of the equipment.

[0028] Figure 3 The embodiments of the present disclosure are shown. Figure 1A The system-related methods.

[0029] Figures 4A to 4B Examples of embodiments according to this disclosure are shown. Figure 3 A diagram illustrating example scenarios associated with the method.

[0030] Figures 5A to 5C Examples of embodiments according to this disclosure are shown. Figure 3 A diagram illustrating further example scenarios associated with the method. Detailed Implementation

[0031] This specification discloses devices and / or apparatuses for performing the operations of the methods. Such devices and / or apparatuses may be specifically constructed for the desired purpose, or may include computers or other devices selectively activated or reconfigured by computer programs stored in a computer. The algorithms and displays presented herein are not inherently related to any particular computer or other device. Various machines can be used with the program in accordance with the teachings herein. Alternatively, it may be suitable to construct more specialized equipment to perform the desired method steps. The architecture of a computer will become apparent from the following description.

[0032] Furthermore, this specification implicitly discloses a computer program, as it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that individual steps of the methods described herein can be implemented by computer code. The computer program is not intended to be limited to any particular programming language or its implementation. It should be understood that various programming languages ​​and their encodings can be used to implement the teachings contained herein. Moreover, the computer program is not intended to be limited to any particular control flow. Many other variations of the computer program exist, which may use different control flows without departing from the spirit or scope of this disclosure.

[0033] Furthermore, one or more steps of a computer program may be executed in parallel rather than sequentially. Such a computer program may be stored on any computer-readable medium. The computer-readable medium may include storage devices such as magnetic disks or optical disks, memory chips, or other storage devices suitable for interfacing with a computer. The computer-readable medium may also include hardwired media, such as those exemplified in Internet systems, or wireless media, such as those exemplified in mobile phone systems. When loaded onto and executed on such a computer, the computer program effectively produces devices and / or apparatuses for implementing the steps of the preferred method.

[0034] The detailed description set forth below with reference to the accompanying drawings is intended as a description of various configurations and is not intended to represent only the configurations in which the concepts described herein may be practiced. The detailed description includes specific details for the purpose of providing a thorough understanding of the various concepts. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that these concepts may be practiced without these specific details. Specifically, although terms from 3GPP 5G NR may be used in this disclosure to illustrate embodiments herein, this should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

[0035] Generally, all terms used herein should be interpreted according to their ordinary meaning in the relevant art, unless a different meaning is expressly given and / or implied in the context of their use. Unless otherwise expressly stated, all references to elements, devices, components, means, steps, etc., should be openly interpreted as referring to at least one instance of that element, device, component, means, step, etc. The steps of any method disclosed herein need not be performed in the exact order disclosed, unless a step is explicitly described as occurring after or before another step, and / or it is implied that a step must occur after or before another step. Where appropriate, any feature of any embodiment of the embodiments disclosed herein may be applied to any other embodiment. Similarly, any advantage of any embodiment in the embodiments may be applied to any other embodiment, and vice versa. Other objects, features, and advantages of the appended embodiments will become apparent from the following description.

[0036] In some embodiments, the non-limiting terms User Equipment (UE), or Wireless Device, or User Equipment may be used, and the term may refer to any type of wireless device communicating with a network node and / or with another UE in a cellular or mobile communication system. Examples of UEs include target devices, device-to-device (D2D) UEs, machine-type UEs or UEs capable of machine-to-machine (M2M) communication, PDAs, PADs, tablet computers, mobile terminals, smartphones, laptop embedded devices (LEE), laptop mounted devices (LME), USB dongles, UE class M1, UE class M2, ProSe UE, V2V UE, V2X UE, etc.

[0037] In some embodiments, the more general term "network node" may be used, and this term may correspond to any type of radio network node or any network node that communicates with user equipment (directly or via another node) and / or with another network node. Examples of network nodes are NodeB, MeNB, ENB, network nodes belonging to MCG or SCG, base stations (BS), multi-standard radio (MSR) radio nodes (such as MSR BS), eNodeB, gNodeB, network controller, radio network controller (RNC), base station controller (BSC), repeater, donor node controlling repeater, base transceiver station (BTS), access point (AP), transport point, transport node, RRU, RRH, nodes in distributed antenna system (DAS), core network nodes (e.g., mobile switching center (MSC), mobility management entity (MME), etc.), operations and maintenance (O&M), operations support system (OSS), self-optimizing network (SON), location nodes (e.g., evolved servicing mobile location center (E-SMLC)), minimized drive test (MDT), test equipment (physical node or software), etc.

[0038] Furthermore, terms such as base station / gNodeB and UE should be considered non-restrictive and, in particular, do not imply any hierarchical relationship between the two; generally, "gNodeB" can be considered device 1 and "UE" can be considered device 2, and the two devices communicate with each other via a radio channel. Also, in the following text, the sender or receiver can be either a gNodeB (gNB) or a UE.

[0039] According to embodiments of this disclosure, this disclosure generally envisions promoting, for example (e.g., associated with 3GPP-based standards / specifications, etc.) network and / or user equipment (UE) efficiency (e.g., energy / power efficiency).

[0040] This disclosure envisions that, for user devices, such as Ambient Internet of Things (A-IoT) device types 1 and 2a, the carrier wave (CW) used for backscatter transmission needs to be provided externally. The CW can be transmitted in a different spectrum than the reader-to-device (R2D) transmission, or in the same spectrum as the R2D transmission at a different center frequency. Furthermore, the CW can be transmitted at different frequencies for different A-IoT devices or user device groups to achieve frequency division multiple access for device-to-reader (D2R) transmission. For device type 2b, it may be necessary to know the carrier frequency used for D2R transmission to generate the wave internally. This disclosure also envisions that the frequency of the carrier, whether provided externally or to be generated internally, must be known to the A-IoT device (or user device).

[0041] This disclosure contemplates a method for a device to know the carrier frequency used for D2R transmission, as described above does not provide a means for the device to know the carrier frequency used for D2R transmission. Therefore, this disclosure contemplates the possibility of a method where the gNB or intermediate node (or base station) indicates one or more frequencies for carrier (CW) transmission in the reader-to-device (R2D) control information. Alternatively, the device-to-reader (D2R) transmission frequency can be predetermined in a specification.

[0042] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the above-described manner may improve power and energy consumption efficiency.

[0043] The foregoing will be discussed in further detail below with reference to Figures 1 to 5.

[0044] refer to Figure 1A According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a system 100 for data transmission in a network is shown. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, system 100 may, for example, be adapted to improve energy / power efficiency in a network.

[0045] As shown, according to embodiments of the present disclosure, system 100 may include one or more devices 102, at least one apparatus 104, and optionally a communication network 106.

[0046] Device 102 may be coupled to device 104. Specifically, according to embodiments of the present disclosure, device 102 may be coupled to device 104, for example, via communication network 106.

[0047] In one embodiment, device 102 may be coupled to communication network 106, and device 104 may be coupled to communication network 106. Coupling may be performed via one or both wired and wireless coupling. According to embodiments of this disclosure, device 102 may generally be configured to communicate with device 104 via communication network 106.

[0048] According to embodiments of this disclosure, device 102 may, for example, be associated with / correspond to / include one or more user equipments (UEs), which may carry one or more computers. For example, according to embodiments of this disclosure, device 102 may correspond to a UE carrying at least one computer (e.g., according to embodiments of this disclosure, an electronic device / module with computing capabilities, such as an electronic mobile device that can be carried in a vehicle or an electronic module that can be installed in a vehicle), which may be configured to perform one or more processing tasks associated with adaptive / dynamic / progressive control. In a more specific example, according to embodiments of this disclosure, in one embodiment, device 102 may include one or more processors (not shown) configured to perform one or more processing tasks associated with dynamic / adaptive / progressive control. In one embodiment, device 102 may, for example, be configured to receive one or more input signals and perform at least one processing task based on the input signals in a manner that generates one or more output signals. According to embodiments of this disclosure, input signals may, for example, be communicated from device 104 and received by device 102. As a possible option, according to embodiments of this disclosure, the output signal may, for example, be communicated from device 102. Embodiments of this disclosure will be referenced later. Figure 2 Let’s discuss device 102 in more detail.

[0049] Device 104 may be associated with / correspond to at least one base station (e.g., at least one gNB). Furthermore, device 104 may be configured, for example, to carry / associate with / include one or more computers (e.g., electronic devices / modules with computing capabilities), which may be configured, for example, to perform one or more processing tasks associated with the base station. According to embodiments of this disclosure, device 104 may be configured to generate one or more input signals that can be communicated to device 102. This will be discussed in more detail later in the context of example scenarios according to embodiments of this disclosure.

[0050] Communication network 106 may correspond, for example, to an Internet communication network, a cellular communication network, a wired communication network, a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) communication network, a wireless communication network, or any combination thereof. Communication via communication network 106 (e.g., between devices 102 and / or between devices 102 and apparatus 104) may be conducted through one or both of wired and wireless communication.

[0051] As previously mentioned, device 102 may, for example, be configured to receive at least one input signal and perform at least one processing task associated with dynamic / adaptive / progressive control on the input signal in a manner that generates at least one output signal. Furthermore, according to embodiments of this disclosure, device 104 may, for example, be configured to generate (and communicate) an input signal to device 102. Embodiments of this disclosure will be described below with reference to... Figure 1B This will be discussed in the context of the example scenario in Figure 1H.

[0052] Figure 1B and Figure 1C Example scenarios of Ambient Internet of Things (A-IoT) in 3GPP, according to embodiments of this disclosure, are illustrated, relating to, for example, the Rel-18: RAN research project (producing TR38.848), the Rel-19: RAN1-led research project, and / or the RAN2-led research project. Specifically, Figure 1B Topology 1, illustrating the communication between the base station and the A-IoT device, is shown. Figure 1C Topology 2 illustrates the communication between the base station, intermediate node (or intermediate UE), and A-IoT device.

[0053] In an example scenario, this disclosure envisions investigating a coordinated air interface design with minimized differences for environmental IoT to achieve peak power consumption of approximately 1 μW and energy storage, with neither downlink (DL) amplification nor uplink (UL) amplification in the device. Furthermore, according to embodiments of this disclosure, UL transmission backscattered on the carrier can be provided externally. In another embodiment, the investigation of a coordinated air interface design with minimized differences for environmental IoT can also provide peak power consumption of less than or equal to several hundred μW and energy storage, with DL and / or UL amplification in the device. UL transmission can also be generated internally or backscattered. Further, in the absence of Radio Resource Control (RRC) status, mobility, Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ), and Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ), for indoor devices and for topologies 1 and 2 (such as... Figure 1B and Figure 1C As shown in the figure, the maximum coverage target can be 10 m-50 m.

[0054] This disclosure envisions the possibilities of deployment scenario 1 (microcell or picocell) with topology 1 and deployment scenario 2 (macrocell or microcell) with topology 2. This disclosure further envisions the possibility of FR1 licensed spectrum in Frequency Division Duplex (FDD). Spectrum deployment can be in-band to NR, in guard band to LTE / NR, and in independent frequency bands. Furthermore, service types DO-DTT and DT are also possible, with a focus on rUC1 (indoor inventory) and rUC4 (indoor command), including transmissions from environmental IoT that must occur at least in the UL spectrum.

[0055] This disclosure further envisions that RAN1 may use the following terms. Example terms include device 1 having a peak power consumption of approximately 1 μW, having energy storage, and having up to 10 X The initial sampling frequency offset (SFO) is ppm, and there is neither DL amplification nor UL amplification in the device. The UL transmission of the device is backscattered on an externally provided carrier. Figure 1D An example embodiment of the architecture of a type 1 device is shown. This disclosure contemplates the possibility of studying blocks for the device 1 architecture as shown in the figure.

[0056] Another example term includes device 2a with peak power consumption less than or equal to several hundred μW, energy storage, an initial sampling frequency offset (SFO) of up to 10X ppm, and both DL amplification and / or UL amplification in the device. The UL transmission of the device is backscattered on an externally provided carrier. Figure 1E An example embodiment of the architecture of a type 2a device is shown, which has a radio frequency-envelope detector (RF-ED) receiver. This disclosure contemplates the following blocks for a device 2a having the RF-ED receiver architecture shown.

[0057] Another example term includes device 2b having a peak power consumption of less than or equal to several hundred μW, having energy storage, having an initial sampling frequency offset (SFO) of up to 10X ppm, and having both DL amplification and / or UL amplification in the device. The UL transmission of the device is generated internally by the device.

[0058] This disclosure also envisions carrier wave (CW) transmission, where at least a single-tone unmodulated sine wave can be a candidate waveform for the carrier wave used for D2R backscattering. Furthermore, multi-tone waveforms of the carrier wave used for D2R backscattering can be investigated.

[0059] Figure 1FExample scenarios of carrier (CW) transmission in Topology 1 (i.e., a scenario of communication between a base station (or gNB) and an A-IoT device (or user equipment)) are illustrated. Specifically, the example scenarios illustrate Topology 1 in which D2R backscatter is transmitted on the same carrier as the CW used for D2R backscatter. Scenario 1-1 may include CW transmission from within the topology and in the DL spectrum. Scenario 1-2 may include CW transmission from within the topology and in the UL spectrum. Scenario 1-4 may include CW transmission from outside the topology and in the UL spectrum.

[0060] Figure 1G An example scenario of carrier (CW) transmission in Topology 2 (i.e., a scenario of communication between a base station, an intermediate node (or intermediate UE), and an A-IoT device (or user equipment)) is illustrated. Specifically, the example scenario illustrates Topology 2 in which D2R backscatter is transmitted on the same carrier as the CW used for D2R backscatter. Reference Figure 1G Case 2-2 may include CW transmission from inside the topology (i.e., the intermediate UE) and in the UL spectrum. Case 2-3 may include CW transmission from outside the topology and in the DL spectrum. Case 2-4 may include CW transmission from outside the topology and in the UL spectrum.

[0061] This disclosure envisions that, according to embodiments of this disclosure, as will be discussed in further detail in the context of an example scenario associated with system 100, it may be helpful to consider some form of dynamic / adaptive / progressive configuration / determination strategy for auxiliary power / energy consumption efficiency. According to embodiments of this disclosure, the dynamic / adaptive / progressive control configuration / determination strategy may, for example, be related to dynamic / adaptive / progressive control based on data transmission in a network.

[0062] The advantageous aspects of system 100 described above in this disclosure can also be similarly applied to all aspects of device 102 described below in this disclosure. Similarly, all the advantageous aspects of device 102 described below in this disclosure can also be similarly applied to all aspects of system 100 described above in this disclosure.

[0063] The following will refer to Figure 2 The aforementioned device 102 will be discussed in further detail.

[0064] refer to Figure 2 According to embodiments of the present disclosure, device 102 is shown in further detail in the context of example implementation 200.

[0065] In example implementation 200, device 102 may correspond to electronic module 200a. According to embodiments of this disclosure, in one example, electronic module 200a may correspond to, for example, a mobile device that can be carried by a user into a vehicle. In another example, according to embodiments of this disclosure, electronic module 200a may correspond to an electronic device that can be installed / assembled in a vehicle. In this regard, electronic module 200a can be considered as being carried by the vehicle (e.g., carried by a user into the vehicle or installed / assembled in the vehicle).

[0066] According to embodiments of this disclosure, it is conceivable that the electronic module 200a may be able to perform one or more processing tasks in association with adaptive / dynamic / progressive control-related processing.

[0067] Electronic module 200a may include, for example, a housing 200b. Furthermore, electronic module 200a may, for example, carry any one or any combination of the first module 202, the second module 204, and the third module 206.

[0068] In one embodiment, electronic module 200a may carry first module 202, second module 204, and / or third module 206. In a specific example, according to an embodiment of this disclosure, electronic module 200a may carry first module 202, second module 204, and third module 206.

[0069] In this regard, it can be understood that, in one embodiment, the shape and size of the housing 200b may be designed to carry any one or any combination of the first module 202, the second module 204 and the third module 206.

[0070] The first module 202 may be coupled to one or both of the second module 204 and the third module 206. The second module 204 may be coupled to one or both of the first module 202 and the third module 206. The third module 206 may be coupled to one or both of the first module 202 and the second module 204. In one example, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first module 202 may be coupled to the second module 204, and the second module 204 may be coupled to the third module 206. The coupling between the first module 202, the second module 204, and / or the third module 206 may be performed, for example, by one or both of wired coupling and wireless coupling. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, each of the first module 202, the second module 204, and the third module 206 may correspond to one or both of a hardware-based module and a software-based module.

[0071] In one example, the first module 202 may correspond to a hardware-based receiver that can be configured to receive one or more input signals. According to embodiments of this disclosure, the input signals may be transmitted, for example, from device 104 (e.g., gNB).

[0072] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the second module 204 may correspond, for example, to a hardware-based processor that can be configured to perform one or more processing tasks (e.g., to generate one or more output signals), as will be referred to later. Figure 3 Further detailed discussion is needed.

[0073] The third module 206 may correspond to a hardware-based transmitter that can be configured to transmit one or more output signals from the electronic module 200a. According to embodiments of this disclosure, the output signals may, for example, include / correspond to one or more instruction / command / control signals associated with the aforementioned dynamic / adaptive / progressive control configuration / determination strategy in order to promote efficiency (e.g., power / energy efficiency and / or communication efficiency).

[0074] This disclosure envisions that the first module 202 and the second module 204 may be software-hardware integrated modules (e.g., electronic components carrying software programs / algorithms associated with receiving and processing functions / electronic modules programmed to perform receiving and processing functions). This disclosure further envisions that the first module 202 and the third module 206 may be software-hardware integrated modules (e.g., electronic components carrying software programs / algorithms associated with receiving and transmitting functions / electronic modules programmed to perform receiving and transmitting functions). This disclosure also further envisions that the first module 202 and the third module 206 may be integrated hardware modules capable of performing receiving and transmitting functions (e.g., hardware-based transceivers).

[0075] The advantageous aspects of the apparatus 102 described above in this disclosure can also be similarly applied to all aspects of the processing / communication methods described below in this disclosure. Similarly, all the advantageous aspects of the processing / communication methods described below in this disclosure can also be similarly applied to all aspects of the apparatus 102 described above in this disclosure. It should be understood that these statements similarly apply to the system 100 discussed earlier in this disclosure.

[0076] refer to Figure 3 According to embodiments of this disclosure, a method associated with system 100 is shown.

[0077] According to embodiments of this disclosure, method 300 may be, for example, adapted to / able to promote energy efficiency.

[0078] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the processing method 300 may include any one or any combination of the input step 302, the processing step 304, and the output step 306.

[0079] In one embodiment, processing method 300 may include an input step 302. In another embodiment, processing method 300 may include an input step 302 and a processing step 304. In another embodiment, processing method 300 may include an input step 302, a processing step 304, and an output step 306. In yet another embodiment, processing method 300 may include a processing step 304 and one or both of input step 302 and output step 306. In still another embodiment, processing method 300 may include an input step 302, a processing step 304, and an output step 306. In yet another additional embodiment, processing method 300 may include a processing step 304. In yet another additional embodiment, processing method 300 may include any or any combination of input step 302, processing step 304, and output step 306 (i.e., input step 302, processing step 304, and / or output step 306).

[0080] Regarding input step 302, one or more input signals may be received. For example, according to embodiments of this disclosure, the input signals may be communicated from device 104 and received by device 102.

[0081] Input step 302 may include receiving at least one input signal associated with information including an indication related to the transmission frequency. In an embodiment, the input signal may be generated by and transmitted from device 104 to device 102. Alternatively, the input signal may be generated and received by device 102 to proceed to processing step 304. For example, the input signal may be generated by the transmitting UE and received by the receiving UE.

[0082] Regarding processing step 304, according to embodiments of this disclosure, at least one processing task associated with the received input signal can be performed by generating one or more output signals.

[0083] Processing step 304 may include at least one of the following: configuring information including an indication related to the transmission frequency; conveying the information to the user device; determining a data frequency based on the information; and initiating data transmission based on the determined data frequency. It is understood that, according to embodiments of the invention, the data frequency may be the same as the transmission frequency, or may be a subset of the transmission frequency. In a further embodiment, the data frequency may be different from the transmission frequency. Processing step 304 may also include conveying information in reader-to-device (R2D) transmission via a system information broadcast (SIB) and / or via a control information channel associated with a specific user device or group of user devices. Processing step 304 may further include conveying information via intermediate nodes, wherein conveying information via intermediate nodes further includes conveying via the SIB and / or a control information channel associated with a specific intermediate node.

[0084] Processing step 304 may further include: determining based on a backscatter modulator and / or frequency shifter; determining based on internal carrier (CW) generation; and pre-determining the transmission frequency based on at least one of the following: R2D transmission frequency, device type, and / or transmission type.

[0085] This information may also include a table with indexes associated with multiple frequency ranges and / or multiple frequency sets, wherein the multiple frequency ranges and / or multiple frequency sets can be associated with at least one of: the operating spectrum of R2D transmission; and / or device-to-reader (D2R) transmission frequencies. The multiple frequency ranges and / or multiple frequency sets include a center frequency for R2D transmission, and include at least two parameters, including the center frequency of the D2R transmission, an offset from the center frequency, and a multiple of the offset from the center frequency. User devices include Ambient Internet of Things (A-IoT) devices.

[0086] Regarding output step 306, according to embodiments of the present disclosure, as an option, an output signal may be communicated, for example. For example, the output signal may optionally be communicated from device 102. In a more specific example, according to embodiments of the present disclosure, the output signal may optionally be communicated from device 102 to one or both of at least one device 104 and another device 102.

[0087] This disclosure further envisions a computer program (not shown) that may include instructions that, when executed by a computer (not shown), cause the computer to perform input step 302, processing step 304, and / or output step 306 as discussed in reference method 300. For example, according to an embodiment of the invention, the computer program may include instructions that, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to perform input step 302 and / or processing step 304.

[0088] This disclosure further envisions a computer-readable storage medium (not shown) storing data therein representing software executable by a computer (not shown), the software including instructions that, when executed by a computer, perform input step 302, processing step 304, and / or output step 306 as discussed in reference method 300. For example, according to an embodiment of the invention, the computer-readable storage medium may store data therein representing software executable by a computer, the software including instructions that, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to perform input step 302 and / or processing step 304.

[0089] In light of the foregoing, it is understood that this disclosure generally envisions an energy-efficient device 102 suitable for use in a network, which may include a first module 202, a second module 204, and / or a third module 206.

[0090] The first module 202 can be configured to receive one or more input signals. These input signals may, for example, be associated with information including an indication related to the transmission frequency.

[0091] The second module 204 may be configured to process the input signal and / or facilitate the processing of the input signal according to the method 300 discussed earlier, to generate one or more output signals.

[0092] The third module 206 can be configured to convey one or more output signals. These output signals may, for example, correspond to one or more control signals used for data transmission in a network.

[0093] In one embodiment, device 102 may correspond to a user equipment (UE) that can communicate with device 104 corresponding to a base station. The base station may, for example, correspond to a next-generation node B (gNB) that can be configured to transmit one or more signals (e.g., input signals) to the UE.

[0094] Furthermore, in view of the foregoing, it is understood that this disclosure generally contemplates a system 100, which may include one or more devices 102 and one or more apparatuses 104. Devices 102 and apparatuses 104 may be coupled, for example, via wired coupling and / or wireless coupling.

[0095] It should be understood that the embodiments described above can be combined in any way where appropriate (e.g., one or more embodiments as discussed in the “Detailed Description” section can be combined with one or more embodiments as described in the “Summary of the Invention” section).

[0096] Those skilled in the art will further understand that variations and combinations of the embodiments described above, rather than alternatives or substitutes, can be combined to form even further embodiments.

[0097] In one example, the possibility of an output signal being communicated from device 102 is discussed. It should be understood that the output signal does not necessarily need to be communicated from device 102. Specifically, according to embodiments of the invention, the possibility that the output signal does not necessarily need to be communicated outside device 102 is envisioned. More specifically, according to embodiments of the invention, the output signal may, for example, correspond to internal commands / instructions (e.g., communicated only within device 102) for adaptively controlling the operational configuration of device 102.

[0098] Figure 4A and Figure 4B A schematic diagram illustrating an example scenario associated with method 300 according to embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. Specifically, Figure 4ATwo example embodiments of data transmission in Topology 1 are illustrated. In this figure, the gNB (or reader) can directly indicate the D2R transmission frequency to be used by the A-IoT device in the R2D transmission. Example indication (option 1) can be provided in a system information message broadcast from the reader (or gNB) to all A-IoT devices. This indication can be used when the identity of the A-IoT device is unknown to the reader. In another example indication (option 2), the indication can be provided to a specific A-IoT device or group of A-IoT devices in a control information message or channel. This indication can be used when the identity of the device is known to the reader (or gNB).

[0099] Figure 4B It shows the use of with Figure 4A The flowchart of topology 1 related to the illustrated example embodiment is shown. Figure 4B In the example context shown, a gNB (or reader or base station) can be configured to indicate a D2R transmission frequency to a device (or user device) (e.g., an A-IoT device, such as device 1, device 2a, or device 2b) in an R2D transmission. Device 1 or device 2a can be configured to receive the indication of the D2R transmission frequency from the reader (or gNB). It can then use a backscatter modulator and / or frequency shifter to adjust the D2R transmission frequency and can perform D2R transmission at the indicated frequency. Device 2b can also be configured to receive the indication of the D2R transmission frequency from the reader (or gNB). It can then generate an adjusted D2R transmission frequency for an internal carrier (CW) and can perform D2R transmission at the indicated frequency.

[0100] Figures 5A to 5C Examples of embodiments according to this disclosure are shown. Figure 3 A diagram illustrating further example scenarios associated with the method. Specifically, Figure 5A Two example embodiments of data transmission in Topology 2 are illustrated. In this figure, the gNB (or base station) may first indicate to intermediate nodes or groups of intermediate nodes the potential D2R transmission frequencies or frequency ranges to be used by the A-IoT device (or user device). This indication may be provided in system information broadcasts or node-specific control information. The indication may include an index to a table in the specification listing potential frequency ranges or frequency sets for D2R transmission. Alternatively, the potential D2R transmission frequencies or frequency ranges may be associated with specific operating spectrums for intermediate node-to-device (R2D) transmissions and provided in the specification. In this case, it may not be necessary to give any indication to the intermediate nodes, and the intermediate nodes may autonomously select D2R transmission frequencies from the frequency set associated with R2D transmissions.

[0101] Figure 5BAn example embodiment of data transmission performed by an intermediate node in Topology 2 is illustrated. This example embodiment may be from... Figure 5A This can be a subsequent step, or a standalone step. In this figure, an intermediate node can relay the potential D2R transmission frequency or frequency range to be used by the A-IoT device (or user device) during R2D transmission. An example indication (Option 1) can be provided in a system information message broadcast from the reader (or gNB) to all A-IoT devices (or user devices). This indication can be used when the identity of the A-IoT device is unknown to the reader. In another example indication (Option 2), the indication can be provided from the reader to a specific A-IoT device (or user device) or a group of A-IoT devices (or user devices) in a control information message or channel.

[0102] Figure 5C It shows the use of with Figure 5A and Figure 5B The flowchart of topology 1 related to the illustrated example embodiment is shown. Figure 5C In the example context shown, a gNB (or reader or base station) can be configured to indicate possible D2R transmission frequency values ​​to an intermediate node (or reader) in system information or control messages. The intermediate node (or reader) can be configured to receive the D2R transmission frequency indication from the reader (or gNB) and can indicate the D2R transmission frequency to a user device (e.g., an A-IoT device, such as device 1, device 2a, or device 2b) during R2D transmission. Device 1 or device 2a can be configured to receive the D2R transmission frequency indication from the reader (or intermediate node). It can then use a backscatter modulator and / or frequency shifter to adjust the D2R transmission frequency and can perform D2R transmission at the indicated frequency. Device 2b can also be configured to receive the D2R transmission frequency indication from the reader (or intermediate node). It can then adjust the D2R transmission frequency for internal CW generation and can perform D2R transmission at the indicated frequency.

[0103] This disclosure envisions several options for indicating the D2R transmission frequency from a reader (or gNB or intermediate node) to a device (or user device or A-IoT device), which can be applied to both Topology 1 and Topology 2, where CW can be transmitted in the same spectrum as R2D. In one example embodiment, one option includes indicating the D2R transmission frequency in relation to the center frequency of the R2D transmission, for example, by an integer multiple of a specified frequency offset from the center frequency of the R2D transmission. Table 1 below shows an example of a mapping table with the indication, its associated offset, and the D2R transmission frequency. Table 1

[0104] In another example embodiment, the second option includes an indication of the D2R transmission frequency in relation to the center frequency of the R2D transmission, for example, by means of a “grid” / table” in the specification for each possible R2D transmission frequency. Table 2 below shows an example of a mapping table with indications and their associated D2R transmission frequencies. Table 2

[0105] In a further example embodiment, the third option includes indicating the D2R transmission frequency independently of the center frequency of the R2D transmission based on a “grid” / table of frequencies defined in the specification. Table 3 below shows an example of a mapping table with indications and their associated D2R transmission frequencies. Table 3

[0106] In another example embodiment, the fourth option includes a D2R transmission frequency indication with two components. The first component may indicate the center frequency of the D2R transmission. This indication may be an index to a table pointing to the center frequencies for D2R transmissions defined in the specification. Table 4 below shows an example of a table with the indication and its associated D2R transmission center frequency. The second component may indicate the offset from the center frequency of the D2R transmission, where this indication may be an index to a “grid” / table pointing to the offset defined in the specification. Table 5 below shows an example of a table with the indication and its associated D2R transmission offset with the center frequency. Therefore, an example of the overall indication could be: Table 4 Table 5

[0107] In another example embodiment, the fifth option includes a D2R transmission frequency indication with three components. The first component may indicate the center frequency of the D2R transmission, and this indication may be an index to a table of center frequencies for D2R transmission defined in the specification. Table 6 below shows an example of a table with indications and their associated D2R transmission center frequencies. Table 6

[0108] The second component indicates a fixed offset value from the center frequency of the D2R transmission. This component can be an index to a "grid" / table pointing to the offset defined in the specification. Table 7 below shows an example of a table with an indication of the D2R transmission offset and its relation to the center frequency. Table 7

[0109] The third component indicates the multiple of the offset from the center frequency of the D2R transmission. Table 8 below shows an example of a table with the corresponding multiple of the indication and its D2R transmission frequency offset. Therefore, an example of the overall indication could be: Table 8

[0110] In embodiments, CW can be transmitted in a different spectrum than R2D, and the options described above can be applied to cases where CW is transmitted in the same spectrum as R2D. In embodiments, the D2R transmission frequency can be predetermined in the specification based on any or all characteristics such as the R2D transmission frequency / spectrum, device type, and / or transmission type. In this case, signaling can be reduced because the frequencies are predetermined. On the other hand, flexibility may be compromised, and frequency division multiplexing may not be feasible.

[0111] Various embodiments of this disclosure for addressing at least one of the aforementioned disadvantages have been described in the foregoing manner. Such embodiments are intended to be covered by the appended claims and are not limited to the specific form or arrangement of the components so described, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art, in view of this disclosure, that many changes and / or modifications can be made, which are also intended to be covered by the appended claims. abbreviation: A-IoT Environmental Internet of Things ARQ Automatic Retransmission Request BWP bandwidth portion CLI Cross-Link Interference CP loop prefix CPUCSI processing unit CQI Channel Quality Indicator CRB Public Resource Block CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check CRICSI-RS resource indicator CSI Channel Status Information CSI-RS Channel State Information Reference Signal CSI-SINRCSI signal-to-noise and interference ratio CW carrier D2R device to reader DCI downlink control information DL downlink DM-RS demodulation reference signal DRX discontinuous reception EPRE Energy per Resource Element FDD Frequency Division Duplex HARQ Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request L1-RSRP Layer 1 Reference Signal Received Power LI layer indicator LP-WUR Low Power Wake-up Receiver LP-WUS low-power wake-up signal MAC-CEMAC control element MCS modulation and coding scheme MR main receiver PBCH Physical Broadcast Channel PDCCH Physical Downlink Control Channel PDSCH Physical Downlink Shared Channel PEI Permanent Device Identifier PFN paging frame number PMI Precoding Matrix Indicator PRB Physical Resource Block PRACH Physical Random Access Channel PRG precoded resource block group PRS positioning reference signal PSS master synchronization signal PT-RS phase tracking reference signal PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control Channel) PUSCH Physical Uplink Shared Channel QCL Quasi-co-addressable R2D reader to device RACH Random Access Channel RB resource blocks RBG resource block group RI rank indicator RRC Radio Resource Control RS reference signal RSRP reference signal received power RSRQ reference signal reception quality SCI sidelink control information SLIV start and length indicator values SR scheduling request SRS detection reference signal SS synchronization signal SSB Synchronization Signal Block SSS auxiliary synchronization signal SS-SINRSS signal-to-noise and interference ratio TB transport block TCI Transport Configuration Indicator TDM Time Division Multiplexing UE User Equipment UL uplink

Claims

1. A method (300) for data transmission in a network, the method comprising: The configuration includes information related to the transmission frequency; The information is then transmitted to the user device. The data frequency is determined based on the information provided. as well as Data transmission is initiated based on the determined data frequency.

2. The method (300) according to claim 1, wherein, Transmitting the information to the user device includes: transmitting the information via System Information Broadcast (SIB) and / or control information channels associated with a specific user device or group of user devices in reader-to-device (R2D) transmissions.

3. The method (300) according to claim 1, wherein, Transmitting the information to the user device includes: transmitting the information via an intermediate node.

4. The method (300) according to claim 3, wherein, The information is transmitted via intermediate nodes, including via SIB and / or control information channels associated with a specific intermediate node.

5. The method (300) according to claim 1, wherein, The information includes tables with indexes associated with multiple frequency ranges and / or multiple frequency sets.

6. The method (300) according to claim 5, wherein, The plurality of frequency ranges and / or the plurality of frequency sets can be associated with at least one of the following: the operating spectrum of R2D transmission; and / or the device-to-reader D2R transmission frequency.

7. The method (300) according to claim 5, wherein, The plurality of frequency ranges and / or the plurality of frequency sets include the center frequency of R2D transmission.

8. The method (300) according to claim 5, wherein, The plurality of frequency ranges and / or the plurality of frequency sets include at least two parameters, the at least two parameters including the center frequency of the D2R transmission, the offset from the center frequency, and a multiple of the offset from the center frequency.

9. The method (300) according to claim 1, wherein, Determining the data frequency based on the information includes: determining it based on a backscatter modulator and / or a frequency shifter.

10. The method (300) according to claim 1, wherein, Determining the data frequency based on the information includes: determining it based on the internal carrier CW generation.

11. The method (300) according to claim 1, wherein, The configuration information includes pre-determining the transmission frequency based on at least one of the following: R2D transmission frequency, device type, and / or transmission type.

12. The method (300) according to claim 1, wherein, The user equipment includes an environmental Internet of Things (A-IoT) device.

13. A computer program comprising instructions that, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to perform the method (300) as described in any of the preceding claims.

14. A computer-readable storage medium storing data therein representing software executable by a computer, the software including instructions that, when executed by the computer, perform the method (300) as claimed in claims 1 to 12.

15. A device (102) for data transmission in a network, the device comprising: A first module (202) is configured to receive at least one input signal associated with information including an indication related to the transmission frequency; The second module (204) is configured to perform at least one of the following to generate at least one output signal: processing the method (300) as claimed in claims 1 to 12 and promoting the method; as well as The third module (206) is configured to convey at least one output signal. The output signal corresponds to the control signal used for data transmission in the network.

16. The device (102) according to claim 15, in, The device (102) corresponds to a user equipment (UE) capable of communicating with a device (104) corresponding to a base station, and The base station corresponds to a next-generation node B (gNB) configured to transmit the at least one input signal to the UE.

17. A system (100), the system comprising: At least one device (102) according to any one of claims 15 and 16; as well as At least one device (104) according to claim 16, The device (102) and the apparatus (104) are coupled via at least one of wired coupling and wireless coupling.

Images