Base station, terminal device, and communication method

Abstract

A base station includes a transmission unit that transmits configuration information to a terminal device that performs wireless communication using a first channel for terrestrial communication or a second channel for non-terrestrial communication or non-terrestrial uplink communication, the configuration information including at least one of a first configuration related to wireless communication using the first channel and a second configuration related to wireless communication using the second channel, wherein the first channel and the second channel are adjacent channels, and the first configuration and the second configuration are different configurations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to base stations, terminal equipment, and communication methods. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the increasing demand for communication performance such as wide-area coverage, research has been initiated into non-terrestrial networks (NTNs), in which wireless networks are provided from devices floating in the air or space. In such NTNs, non-terrestrial stations such as satellite stations or high-altitude platform stations (HAPS) are used as base stations or relay stations.

[0003] Reference List

[0004] Patent documents

[0005] Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2020-53788

[0006] Non-patent literature

[0007] Non-Patent Document 1: Lauri Sormunen, Henrik Martikainen, Jani Puttonen, Dorin Panaitopol, “Co-existence of Terrestrial and Non-Terrestrial Networks on Adjacent Frequency Bands”, 2022 11th Advanced Satellite Multimedia Systems Conference and the 17th Signal Processing for Space Communications Workshop (ASMS / SPSC), 2022. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The technical problem that the invention aims to solve

[0009] In the future, with the widespread adoption of non-terrestrial networks, it will become increasingly common for non-terrestrial stations and terrestrial stations to communicate with terminal devices on the same or adjacent frequency bands. If existing communication technologies are applied unchanged to communication between these devices, interference between terrestrial and non-terrestrial stations may prevent the achievement of high-performance communication (e.g., high connection stability, low latency, high reliability, high throughput, low power consumption, low processing load, etc.).

[0010] Therefore, this disclosure proposes a base station, terminal equipment, and communication method capable of achieving high communication performance.

[0011] It should be noted that the above-described problems or objectives are only one of many problems or objectives that can be solved or achieved through the various embodiments disclosed in this specification.

[0012] Solutions to technical problems

[0013] To address the aforementioned problems, a base station according to one embodiment of the present disclosure includes: a transmitting unit that transmits configuration information to a terminal device performing wireless communication using a first channel for terrestrial communication or a second channel for non-terrestrial communication or non-terrestrial uplink communication. The configuration information includes at least one of a first configuration related to wireless communication using the first channel and a second configuration related to wireless communication using the second channel, wherein the first channel and the second channel are adjacent channels, and the first configuration and the second configuration are different configurations. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating the general outline of this embodiment.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the structure of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless network provided by a communication system.

[0017] Figure 4 This is a diagram illustrating an overview of satellite communications provided by a communication system.

[0018] Figure 5 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a cell formed by a non-geostationary satellite station.

[0019] Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating the structure of the management device according to this embodiment.

[0020] Figure 7 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the structure of a ground station according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0021] Figure 8 This is a diagram illustrating a structural example of a non-ground station according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0022] Figure 9 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the structure of a relay station according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0023] Figure 10 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the structure of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0024] Figure 11 This is a diagram showing the minimum guard band for each UE channel bandwidth and SCS.

[0025] Figure 12 This is a graph describing the minimum protection bandwidth in the UE channel bandwidth.

[0026] Figure 13 This is a diagram showing the minimum guard band in FR1.

[0027] Figure 14A This is a diagram showing the minimum guard band in FR2.

[0028] Figure 14B This is a diagram showing the minimum guard band in FR2.

[0029] Figure 15 This is a diagram showing the minimum guard band for the SCS 240kHz SS / PBCH block for each BS channel bandwidth.

[0030] Figure 16 This is a diagram describing the minimum guard bandwidth in the BS channel bandwidth.

[0031] Figure 17 This is a diagram illustrating an example of frequency blocks used for ground stations and frequency blocks used for non-ground stations coexisting in the same frequency band.

[0032] Figure 18 This is a diagram showing an example of frequency blocks allocated to ground stations and frequency blocks allocated to non-ground stations in different frequency bands being adjacent to each other.

[0033] Figure 19A This is a diagram showing an example of a maximum transmission bandwidth configuration table for terrestrial communications.

[0034] Figure 19B This is a diagram showing an example of a maximum transmit bandwidth configuration table for non-terrestrial communication.

[0035] Figure 20 This is a diagram showing an example of a maximum transmission bandwidth configuration table for terrestrial communications.

[0036] Figure 21A This is a diagram showing an example of a maximum transmit bandwidth configuration table for terrestrial and non-terrestrial downlink communications.

[0037] Figure 21B This is a diagram showing an example of a maximum transmit bandwidth configuration table for non-terrestrial uplink communication.

[0038] Figure 22 This is a diagram showing an example of a maximum transmit bandwidth configuration table for terrestrial and non-terrestrial downlink communications.

[0039] Figure 23This is a diagram describing the configuration related to the modulation scheme of the second channel.

[0040] Figure 24 This is a diagram showing an example of an MCS index table.

[0041] Figure 25 This is a diagram describing the configuration related to the use of the second channel.

[0042] Figure 26 This is a diagram describing the configuration associated with the first channel.

[0043] Figure 27 This is a diagram describing the configuration associated with the second channel.

[0044] Figure 28 This is a diagram describing the configuration associated with the first channel.

[0045] Figure 29 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a configuration processing sequence.

[0046] Figure 30 This is a diagram illustrating other examples of the sequence of configuration processing.

[0047] Figure 31 This is a diagram illustrating other examples of the sequence of configuration processing.

[0048] Figure 32 This is a diagram illustrating other examples of the sequence of configuration processing.

[0049] Figure 33 This is a diagram illustrating other examples of the sequence of configuration processing.

[0050] Figure 34 This is a diagram illustrating other examples of the sequence of configuration processing.

[0051] Figure 35 This is a diagram illustrating other examples of the sequence of configuration processing.

[0052] Figure 36 This is a diagram illustrating other examples of the sequence of configuration processing.

[0053] Figure 37 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a communication processing sequence.

[0054] Figure 38 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the generated sequence. Detailed Implementation

[0055] In the following description, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the embodiments below, the same components are indicated by the same reference numerals, and redundant descriptions will be omitted.

[0056] As used herein (in the description / instructions), the expression “at least one of…” used with a list of elements should be considered as indicating that the listed elements are options. For example, “at least one of A, B, and C” means “(A), (B), (C), (A and B), (A and C), (B and C), or (A, B, and C)”. Similarly, “at least one of A, B, or C” and “at least one of A, B, and / or C” are similar to “at least one of A, B, and C”. Here, A, B, and C are all arbitrary expressions (e.g., words, phrases, clauses, terms, or items).

[0057] In this specification and accompanying drawings, multiple components having substantially the same functional configuration may be distinguished from each other by different numbers using reference numerals that share the same suffix. For example, multiple configurations having substantially the same functional configuration may be distinguished as terminal devices 501, 502, and 503 as needed. However, where multiple components having substantially the same functional configuration do not need to be specifically distinguished from each other, only the same reference numerals are assigned to these components. For example, where terminal devices 501, 502, and 503 do not need to be specifically distinguished from each other, these terminal devices are simply referred to as terminal device 50.

[0058] The more than one embodiment (including examples and variations) described below can each be implemented independently. On the other hand, at least a portion of the plurality of embodiments described below can be combined with at least a portion of another embodiment as needed. These plurality of embodiments may include novel features that are different from each other. Therefore, the plurality of embodiments can help achieve or solve different purposes or problems and can produce different effects.

[0059] This disclosure is described in the following order.

[0060] 1. Overview

[0061] 1-1. Question

[0062] 1-2. Overview of Solutions

[0063] 2. Configuration of the communication system

[0064] 2-1. Configuration Example for Managing Devices

[0065] 2-2. Ground station configuration example

[0066] 2-3. Configuration examples for non-ground stations

[0067] 2-4. Base Station Configuration Example

[0068] 2-5. Relay Station Configuration Example

[0069] 2-6. Configuration Example of Terminal Device

[0070] 3. Existing interference reduction technologies

[0071] 3-1. Minimum Guard Bandwidth in UE Channel Bandwidth

[0072] 3-2. Minimum Guard Bandwidth in BS Channel Bandwidth

[0073] 4. The wireless communication assumed in this embodiment

[0074] 4-1. Cases of wireless communication in the same frequency band

[0075] 4-2. Cases of performing wireless communication in different frequency bands

[0076] 4-3. Frequency Block

[0077] 5. The operation of the communication system

[0078] 5-1. Example 1

[0079] 5-2. Example 2

[0080] 5-3. Example 3

[0081] 5-4. Example 4

[0082] 5-5. Example 5

[0083] 5-6. Example 6

[0084] 5-7. Example 7

[0085] 6. Sequence Examples

[0086] 6-1. Sequence Example 1

[0087] 6-2. Sequence Example 2

[0088] 6-3. Sequence Example 3

[0089] 6-4. Sequence Example 4

[0090] 6-5. Sequence Example 5

[0091] 6-6. Sequence Example 6

[0092] 6-7. Sequence Example 7

[0093] 6-8. Sequence Example 8

[0094] 6-9. Sequence Example 9

[0095] 6-10. Sequence Example 10

[0096] 7. Variations

[0097] 8. Conclusion

[0098] 1. Overview

[0099] 3GPP (trademark name) is researching Radio Access Technologies (RATs) such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) and New Radio (NR). LTE and NR are cellular communication technologies that enable mobile communication for terminal devices by allocating coverage areas in a cellular manner by base stations (e.g., eNodeBs (eNBs), gNodeBs (gNBs), or RAN nodes (including EUTRAN and NGRAN)). In recent years, research on 6G has begun. 6G is also a cellular communication technology. This technology enables mobile communication for terminal devices by allocating coverage areas in a cellular manner by base stations. It is important to note that a single base station can manage multiple cells.

[0100] It is important to note that in the following description, "LTE" includes LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), LTE-Advanced Pro (LTE-A Pro), and Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (EUTRA). NR includes New Radio Access Technology (NRAT) and Further EUTRA (FEUTRA). It is also important to note that a single base station can manage multiple cells. In the following description, cells corresponding to LTE are referred to as LTE cells, and cells corresponding to NR are referred to as NR cells.

[0101] NR is the next-generation (fifth-generation) radio access technology after LTE (including LTE-Advanced and LTE-Advanced Pro, the fourth-generation communication). NR is a radio access technology that can support a variety of use cases, including enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), massive machine-type communications (mMTC), and ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC). NR is standardized in 3GPP Rel-15 as a technical framework for supporting the use cases, requirements, deployment scenarios, etc., of these use cases. Furthermore, it surpasses the requirements of 5G (B5G) and 6G by simultaneously achieving multiple objectives such as high speed and high capacity, low latency and high reliability, and massive simultaneous connectivity.

[0102] 6G is the next-generation cellular communication technology, equivalent to NR and 5GS (5G systems) in fifth-generation mobile communication. 6G includes radio access technologies and network technologies between base stations, core networks, and data networks. Additionally, 6G includes technologies for extreme connectivity in eMBB, mMTC, and URLC, which are considered major use cases or requirements in NR. 6G also includes new technologies in new aspects. For example, 6G may include technologies related to AI (cognitive networks, AI-native air interfaces), sensing (including radar / RF sensing and Network as a Sensor), and terahertz communication.

[0103] In the following description, specific values ​​are indicated in some particular examples, but these values ​​are not limited to the examples and other values ​​may be used.

[0104] In the following description, a resource can refer to any of the following: frequency, time, resource element (including REG, CCE, and CORESET), resource block, bandwidth portion, component carrier, symbol, sub-symbol, time slot, mini-time slot, sub-time slot, subframe, frame, PRACH timing, timing, code, multiple access physical resource, multiple access signature, or subcarrier spacing (parameter set).

[0105] In the following description, resource block may be replaced by resource element (including REG, CCE and CORESET), resource block, bandwidth portion, component carrier, etc.

[0106] In the following description, "non-ground station" can be replaced with "non-ground base station". In the following description, "ground station" can be replaced with "ground base station".

[0107] 1-1. Question

[0108] In cellular mobile communication, a wireless network is formed by base stations or relay stations (hereinafter also referred to as ground stations) installed on the ground to create cells (e.g., macro cells, micro cells, femtocells, or small cells). The base stations / relay stations installed on the ground are called ground stations (or ground base stations / ground relay stations). The wireless network provided by the ground stations is called a terrestrial network.

[0109] On the other hand, with increasing demands for reducing base station costs and providing coverage to areas where radio waves from base stations are difficult to reach, research is underway on providing wireless networks to terminal devices via base stations / relay stations other than ground stations, such as satellite stations or aircraft stations. Base stations / relay stations other than ground stations are called non-ground stations (or non-ground base stations / non-ground relay stations). The wireless network provided from non-ground stations is called a non-terrestrial network (NTN). By using the same wireless access scheme for both terrestrial and non-terrestrial networks, they can be operated in an integrated manner.

[0110] Figure 1 This is a diagram used to describe the outline of this embodiment. Currently, frequency bands are allocated to non-ground stations and ground stations respectively. For example, n255 and n256 are currently allocated as frequency bands for non-ground stations. That is, currently, ground stations and non-ground stations use different frequency bands to perform wireless communication. However, in the future, with the popularization of non-ground networks, it is assumed that ground stations and non-ground stations will use the same frequency band to perform wireless communication. Even in the case where ground stations and non-ground stations use different frequency bands to perform wireless communication, it is assumed that it often occurs that non-ground stations and ground stations use adjacent frequency bands to perform wireless communication.

[0111] If frequency bands can be allocated indiscriminately to both non-ground stations and ground stations, the number of frequency bands allocated to non-ground stations can be increased, thus enabling flexible frequency allocation. As a result, greater capacity communication can be achieved using non-ground stations.

[0112] However, when non-ground stations and ground stations communicate with terminal equipment in the same or adjacent frequency bands, it is assumed that interference between ground stations and non-ground stations causes problems. For example, Non-Patent Document 1 describes a situation where radio waves transmitted by ground stations or ground-based terminal equipment have a relatively large impact on non-ground stations.

[0113] In other words, if existing communication technologies (e.g., existing interference reduction technologies) are applied without modification to communication between these communication devices (e.g., communication between non-ground stations and terminal equipment, and communication between ground stations and terminal equipment), high-performance communication may not be achieved due to interference between ground stations and non-ground stations.

[0114] 1-2. Overview of Solutions

[0115] In this embodiment, the above-mentioned problems are solved by the following means. Note that the description of a base station appearing in the following description can be replaced with the description of a relay station as appropriate. A relay station can be considered a type of base station (relay base station).

[0116] The communication system according to this embodiment includes a base station and terminal equipment. The base station forms a cell on the ground (e.g., Figure 1 The cell shown (cell 1) is a non-ground station. Alternatively, the base station forms a cell on the ground (e.g., Figure 1 The ground station of community 2 shown.

[0117] In this embodiment, the first channel used for terrestrial communication and the second channel used for non-terrestrial communication (or non-terrestrial uplink communication) are adjacent channels. That is, the first channel is adjacent to the channel used for non-terrestrial communication (or non-terrestrial uplink communication), and the second channel is adjacent to the channel used for terrestrial communication.

[0118] The base station sends configuration information to the terminal device, including at least one of a first configuration related to wireless communication using a first channel and a second configuration related to wireless communication using a second channel. The configuration information may include either the first configuration or the second configuration, or both. In this embodiment, the first configuration and the second configuration are different configurations. The terminal device executes the configuration for wireless communication using either the first channel or the second channel based on the configuration information received from the base station.

[0119] As described above, in this embodiment, a second configuration for communication using a second channel (non-terrestrial communication) is prepared separately from the first configuration for communication using the first channel (terrestrial communication). This enables configurations corresponding to the channel to be used (e.g., interference reduction configurations based on the state of the channel to be used), and therefore, the communication system 1 can achieve communication with high performance (e.g., communication with high connection stability).

[0120] As described above, the configuration information includes at least one of the first configuration and the second configuration. Here, it is assumed that the configuration information includes the second configuration. In this case, the second configuration may include the following configuration: the minimum protection bandwidth of at least one guard band of the second channel is a minimum protection bandwidth that is wider than the minimum protection bandwidth of the first channel (e.g., the minimum protection bandwidth based on prior art interference reduction techniques).

[0121] The terminal device receives configuration information from the base station. For example, the terminal device receives configuration information from the base station including a minimum protection bandwidth configuration for the second channel. The terminal device then executes a configuration for wireless communication using the second channel based on the configuration information received from the base station. The terminal device then uses the second channel to perform wireless communication with other communication devices (e.g., the base station).

[0122] As a result, the guard band width of the second channel used for non-terrestrial communication is widened, thereby suppressing interference from adjacent channels (especially the first channel used for terrestrial communication) to the non-terrestrial communication (second channel). Consequently, the terminal device can achieve communication with high performance (e.g., communication with high connection stability).

[0123] Note that the configuration information may include a first configuration. In this case, the first configuration may include the following configuration: the minimum protection bandwidth of at least one guard band of the first channel is a minimum protection bandwidth that is wider than the minimum protection bandwidth of the second channel.

[0124] The terminal device receives configuration information from the base station. For example, the terminal device receives configuration information from the base station including a minimum protection bandwidth for a first channel. The terminal device then executes a configuration for wireless communication using the first channel based on the configuration information received from the base station. The terminal device then uses the first channel to perform wireless communication with other communication devices (e.g., the base station).

[0125] As a result, the guard band width of the first channel used for terrestrial communication is widened, thereby suppressing interference from terrestrial communication to adjacent channels (especially the second channel used for non-terrestrial communication). Consequently, the terminal equipment can achieve communication with high performance (e.g., communication with high connection stability).

[0126] It should be noted that the base station implementing the technology described in this embodiment can be a non-terrestrial base station device, for example, operating as a communication device such as a satellite station, drone, balloon, or aircraft. The base station implementing this technology can be a gateway deployed on the ground (transparent payload scheme). Furthermore, the base station implementing this technology can be a terrestrial base station device.

[0127] The overview of this embodiment has been described above, and the communication system according to this embodiment will be described in detail below.

[0128] 2. Configuration of the communication system

[0129] First, the configuration of the communication system 1 in this embodiment will be described.

[0130] Communication system 1 is a cellular communication system using wireless access technologies such as LTE, NR, Beyond 5G (B5G), or 6G. Communication system 1 provides wireless communication to terminal devices on the ground via non-ground stations (e.g., satellite stations or aircraft stations). Where the non-ground station is a satellite station, communication system 1 can be a bend-tube (transparent) type mobile satellite communication system. Of course, some or all of the non-ground stations included in communication system 1 can be configured to function as base stations rather than relay stations.

[0131] The wireless access scheme used by communication system 1 is not limited to LTE, NR, B5G, or 6G. The wireless access scheme used by communication system 1 can be other wireless access schemes besides those mentioned above, such as Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (W-CDMA) or Code Division Multiple Access 2000 (CDMA2000). Of course, the wireless access scheme used by communication system 1 can be a wireless access scheme of 6G or later generations.

[0132] Note that in this embodiment, a ground station (also called a ground base station) refers to a base station (including relay stations) installed on the ground. Here, "ground" refers not only to land but also to the ground in a broad sense, including underground, above-water, and underwater. Note that in the following description, the term "ground station" can be replaced by "gateway".

[0133] The technology disclosed herein can be applied not only to communication between non-terrestrial base stations and terminal devices, but also to communication between terrestrial base stations and terminal devices. In this case, the terrestrial base station and the terminal device can communicate with each other via non-terrestrial stations such as satellite stations or spacecraft stations.

[0134] The configuration of communication system 1 will be described in detail below.

[0135] Figure 2This is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a communication system 1 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The communication system 1 includes a management device 10, a ground station 20, a non-ground station 30, a relay station 40, and a terminal device 50. Through the cooperative operation of the wireless communication devices constituting the communication system 1, the communication system 1 provides a wireless network capable of mobile communication to a user. The wireless network in this embodiment includes, for example, a wireless access network and a core network. In this embodiment, the wireless communication device is a device with wireless communication capabilities, and... Figure 2 In the example, these correspond to ground station 20, non-ground station 30, relay station 40, and terminal device 50.

[0136] The communication system 1 may include multiple management devices 10, multiple ground stations 20, multiple non-ground stations 30, multiple relay stations 40, and multiple terminal devices 50. Figure 2 In the example, communication system 1 includes management devices 101 and 102 as management devices 10. Communication system 1 also includes ground stations 201 and 202 as ground stations 20, and non-ground stations 301 and 302 as non-ground stations 30. Communication system 1 also includes relay stations 401 and 402 as relay stations 40, and terminal devices 501, 502, and 503 as terminal devices 50.

[0137] Figure 3 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless network provided by communication system 1.

[0138] Management device 10 is, for example, a device constituting the core network CN. Management device 10 is connected to network PN. Management device 10 is connected to ground station 20 and non-ground station 30, and enables terminal device 50 to connect to network PN. Network PN is a public data network such as the Internet. Network PN is not limited to the Internet, and can be, for example, a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), a telephone network (mobile phone network, fixed-line telephone network, etc.), or a local Internet Protocol (IP) network. Of course, network PN can be another mobile network. For example, network PN can be a cellular network provided by an entity different from the entity operating communication system 1 (e.g., a business entity such as a mobile network operator (MNO)).

[0139] Ground station 20 and non-ground station 30 are base stations or relay stations. In the following description, ground station 20 and non-ground station 30 are base stations, but ground station 20 and non-ground station 30 can be relay stations. Ground station 20 is, for example, a terrestrial base station in a structure installed on the ground, and non-ground station 30 is, for example, a non-terrestrial base station, such as a satellite station or a high-altitude platform station (HAPS). Ground station 20 and non-ground station 30 each constitute a cell. A cell is an area covered by wireless communication. A cell can be any of macro cells, micro cells, femtocells, and small cells. Note that communication system 1 can be configured such that a single base station (satellite station) manages multiple cells, or it can be configured such that multiple base stations manage one cell.

[0140] exist Figure 3 In the example, ground stations 201 and 202 constitute terrestrial network TN1, and ground stations 203, 204, and 205 constitute terrestrial network TN2. Terrestrial networks TN1 and TN2 are networks operated by wireless communication operators such as telephone companies. Terrestrial networks TN1 and TN2 can be operated by different wireless communication service providers or by the same wireless communication operator. Terrestrial networks TN1 and TN2 can be considered as a single terrestrial network.

[0141] Terrestrial networks TN1 and TN2 are each connected to the core network. Figure 3 In the example, ground station 20, constituting terrestrial network TN2, is connected to a core network CN, including, for example, management device 101. When the radio access scheme for terrestrial network TN2 is LTE, the core network CN is EPC. When the radio access scheme for terrestrial network TN2 is NR, the core network CN is 5GC. Of course, the core network CN is not limited to EPC or 5GC, and can be the core network for other radio access schemes. Note that in... Figure 3 In the example, terrestrial network TN1 is not connected to the core network, but terrestrial network TN1 can be connected to the core network CN. Terrestrial network TN1 can be connected to a core network different from the core network CN (not shown).

[0142] The core network (CN) includes, for example, gateway devices and gateway switches, and is connected to the network (PN) via the gateway devices or gateway switches. As mentioned above, the network (PN) is a public network such as the Internet. The gateway device can be a server device connected to the Internet or a local IP network. The gateway switch is, for example, a switch connected to a telephone company's telephone network. The management device 101 can function as a gateway device or gateway switch.

[0143] Figure 3The non-ground station 30 shown is, for example, a satellite station or an aircraft station. A group of satellite stations (or satellite stations) constituting a non-ground network is called a space-borne platform. A group of aircraft stations (or aircraft stations) constituting a non-ground network is called an airborne platform. Figure 3 In the example, non-ground stations 301, 302, and 303 constitute airborne platform SBP1, and non-ground station 304 constitutes airborne platform SBP2. Non-ground station 305 constitutes airborne platform ABP1.

[0144] Non-ground station 30 can communicate with the ground network or core network via relay station 40. Of course, non-ground station 30 can also communicate directly with the ground network or core network without the intervention of relay station 40. Note that non-ground station 30 can communicate with terminal device 50 via relay station 40, or it can communicate directly with terminal device 50. Non-ground stations 30 can communicate directly with each other without the intervention of relay station 40.

[0145] Relay station 40 relays communication between ground equipment and non-ground station 30. Relay station 40 can be either a ground station or a non-ground station. Figure 3 In the example, relay station 402 relays communication between ground station 20 and non-ground station 30, and relay station 401 relays communication between management device 10 and non-ground station 30. Note that relay station 40 can relay communication between terminal device 50 and non-ground station 30. Relay station 40 can also communicate with other relay stations 40.

[0146] Terminal device 50 can communicate with both ground stations and non-ground stations. Figure 3 In the example, terminal device 501 can communicate with ground stations constituting the terrestrial network TN1. Terminal device 501 can communicate with non-ground stations constituting airborne platforms SBP1 and SBP2. Terminal device 501 can also communicate with non-ground stations constituting the airborne platform ABP1. Note that terminal device 50 can communicate with relay station 40. Terminal device 50 can communicate directly with other terminal devices 50. Terminal device 501 can communicate directly with terminal device 502.

[0147] The equipment and terminal equipment 50 that constitute the space-based platforms SBP1 and SBP2 perform satellite communication. Satellite communication is wireless communication between satellite stations and communication equipment. Figure 4 This is a diagram illustrating the overview of satellite communications provided by communication system 1. Satellite stations are generally classified as geostationary satellite stations and low-Earth orbit satellite stations.

[0148] A geostationary satellite station is a satellite station located in a geostationary orbit and revolving around the Earth at the same speed as the Earth's rotation. Figure 4In the example, the non-ground station 304 constituting the airborne platform SBP2 is a geostationary satellite station. In satellite orbit, a geostationary orbit is an orbit at an altitude of approximately 35,786 km. A geostationary orbit is also called a geostationary orbit (GEO). The geostationary satellite station has approximately zero velocity relative to the ground-based terminal equipment 50 and appears stationary from the perspective of the ground-based terminal equipment 50. The non-ground station 304 performs satellite communication with terminal equipment 501, 503, 504, etc., located on Earth.

[0149] Low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite stations are satellite stations that orbit the Earth in low Earth orbit. Figure 4 In the example, the non-ground stations 301 and 302 constituting the airborne platform SBP1 are low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellite stations. In satellite orbit, LEO is an orbit at an altitude of approximately 2000 km or less (e.g., from 100 km to 2000 km). LEO is also known as Low Earth Orbit (LEO). Unlike geostationary satellite stations, LEO satellite stations have velocity relative to the ground-based terminal equipment 50 and appear to be moving from the perspective of the ground-based terminal equipment 50. Non-ground stations 301 and 302 each constitute a cell and perform satellite communications with the terminal equipment 501, 503, 504, etc., located on Earth.

[0150] Notice, Figure 4 Only two non-ground stations, 301 and 302, are shown as non-ground stations constituting the SBP1 space-based platform. However, in reality, a satellite constellation is formed by a large number of satellite stations. In this case, the number of satellite stations constituting the SBP1 space-based platform is more than three (e.g., dozens to thousands).

[0151] Note that, although Figure 4 The examples only show geostationary and low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite stations, but the satellite stations constituting communication system 1 can include medium Earth orbit (MEO) satellite stations. A MEO satellite station is a satellite station orbiting the Earth in a medium Earth orbit. MEO is an orbit between low Earth orbit (LEO) and geostationary orbit. MEO is also called medium Earth orbit (MEO). Additionally, the satellite stations constituting communication system 1 can include highly elliptical orbit (HEO) satellite stations. Note that the satellite stations forming a satellite constellation can include not only LEO satellite stations, but also MEO, HEO, and geostationary satellite stations. Satellite stations can include very low Earth orbit (VLEO) satellite stations. A VLEO satellite station is a satellite station orbiting the Earth in a very low Earth orbit (VLEO).

[0152] Figure 5 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a cell formed by a non-geostationary satellite station. Figure 5 Cell C, formed by non-ground station 302, is shown. Figure 5In the example, non-ground station 302 is a low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellite station (or extremely low-Earth orbit (ULO) satellite station). The satellite station, orbiting the Earth in low Earth orbit, communicates with ground-based terminal equipment 50 in a predetermined directional manner. For example, in... Figure 5 In the example shown, the angle R is 40°. Figure 5 In the example, the radius D of the cell C formed by the non-ground station 302 is, for example, 1000 km. The low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellite station moves at a constant speed. In cases where the LEO satellite station has difficulty providing satellite communication to the ground-based terminal equipment 50, subsequent LEO satellite stations (nearby satellite stations) provide satellite communication. Figure 5 In the example, if non-ground station 302 has difficulty providing satellite communication to terminal device 50 on the ground, subsequent non-ground station 303 provides satellite communication. Note that the values ​​of angle R and radius D mentioned above are merely examples and are not limited to these.

[0153] Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) and Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites move in their orbits at very high speeds. For example, a LEO satellite at an altitude of 600 km moves at a speed of 7.6 km / s. LEO satellites form cells (or beams) with radii ranging from tens to hundreds of kilometers on the ground. However, these ground-based cells also move with the satellites, so handover may be necessary even when ground-based terminal equipment remains stationary. For example, assuming a ground-based cell has a diameter of 50 km and the ground-based terminal equipment is stationary, a handover may occur after approximately 6 to 7 seconds.

[0154] As described above, terminal device 50 can perform wireless communication using a non-terrestrial network. The non-terrestrial station 30 of communication system 1 constitutes a non-terrestrial network. Therefore, communication system 1 can extend its service to terminal device 50 located in areas not covered by the terrestrial network.

[0155] For example, communication system 1 can provide public safety and critical communications to communication devices such as Internet of Things (IoT) devices and machine-type communication (MTC) devices. By using a non-terrestrial network, service reliability and recoverability are improved, thus reducing the service's vulnerability to physical attacks or natural disasters. Communication system 1 can also provide service connections to aircraft terminals such as passengers on airplanes and drones, as well as to mobile terminal devices such as ships and trains. Furthermore, communication system 1 can provide efficient multicast and broadcast services such as A / V content, group communication, IoT broadcast services, software download services, and emergency messages. In addition, communication system 1 can offload traffic between terrestrial and non-terrestrial networks.

[0156] To achieve the above objectives, it is desirable that the operation of the non-terrestrial network provided by communication system 1 be integrated with the operation of the terrestrial network at a higher layer. It is also desirable that the non-terrestrial network provided by communication system 1 share a common radio access scheme with the terrestrial network.

[0157] Note that the devices in the diagram can be considered as devices in a logical sense. In other words, some of the devices in the diagram can be implemented using virtual machines (VMs), containers (e.g., Docker), etc., and these devices can be implemented on physically identical hardware.

[0158] In this embodiment, ground stations and non-ground stations can be described as base stations. Satellite stations can be described as relay stations. When a satellite station has the function of acting as a base station, it can be described as a base station.

[0159] Note that in the following description, the terminal device may be referred to as user equipment (UE). A terminal device is a type of communication device and is also called a mobile station or terminal.

[0160] In this embodiment, the concept of a communication device includes not only portable mobile devices (terminal devices) but also devices installed in a structure or mobile body. The structure or mobile body itself can be considered a communication device. The concept of a communication device includes not only terminal devices but also base stations and relay stations. A communication device is a type of processing device and information processing device. A communication device can be described as a transmitting device or a receiving device.

[0161] The configurations of the devices constituting communication system 1 will be described in detail below. Note that the configurations of the devices described below are merely examples. The configurations of the devices may differ from those described below.

[0162] 2-1. Configuration Example for Managing Devices

[0163] Now, a configuration example for managing device 10 will be described.

[0164] Management device 10 is an information processing device (computer) that manages wireless networks. For example, management device 10 is an information processing device that manages the communications of base stations.

[0165] Management device 10 can be a device constituting the core network (CN). For example, management device 10 can be a device that functions as a Mobility Management Entity (MME). Management device 10 can be a device that functions as an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) and / or Session Management Function (SMF). MME, AMF, and SMF are control plane network function nodes in the core network (CN). Management device 10 can also be a device that functions as a control plane network function (6G CPNF) in 6G. A 6G CPNF can include more than one logical node.

[0166] Of course, the functions of management device 10 are not limited to MME, AMF, SMF, and 6G CPNF. Management device 10 can be a device that functions as a Network Slice Selection Function (NSSF), Authentication Server Function (AUSF), Policy Control Function (PCF), and Unified Data Management (UDM). Management device 10 can also be a device that functions as a Home Subscriber Server (HSS).

[0167] Note that management device 10 may have gateway functionality. For example, management device 10 may function as a Serving Gateway (S-GW) or a Packet Data Network Gateway (P-GW). Management device 10 may function as a User Plane Function (UPF). In this case, management device 10 may include multiple UPFs. Management device 10 may also be a device that functions as a User Plane Network Function (6G UPNF) in 6G.

[0168] The core network (CN) includes multiple network functions, which can be integrated into a single physical device or distributed across multiple physical devices. In other words, the management device 10 can be distributed across multiple devices. Furthermore, this distributed distribution can be dynamically controlled. Base stations (ground stations 20 and / or non-ground stations 30), relay stations 40, and the management device 10 constitute a network and provide wireless communication services to the terminal device 50. The management device 10 is connected to the Internet, and the terminal device 50 can access various services provided via the Internet through the base stations and / or relay stations.

[0169] Note that management device 10 is not necessarily a device constituting the core network CN. For example, suppose the core network CN is a Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (W-CDMA) or Code Division Multiple Access 2000 (CDMA2000) core network. In this case, management device 10 can be a device used as a Radio Network Controller (RNC).

[0170] Figure 6 This is a diagram showing the configuration of the management device 10 according to this embodiment. The management device 10 includes a communication unit 11, a storage unit 12, and a control unit 13. Figure 6 The configuration shown is a functional configuration and may differ from the hardware configuration. Furthermore, the functionality of management device 10 can be implemented statically or dynamically in a distributed manner across multiple physically separate structures. Management device 10 may include multiple server devices.

[0171] Communication unit 11 is a communication interface used for communicating with other communication devices (e.g., a base station). Communication unit 11 can be a network interface or a device connection interface. Communication unit 11 can be a local area network (LAN) interface such as a network interface card (NIC), or a USB interface including a universal serial bus (USB) host controller, USB port, etc. Communication unit 11 can be a wired interface or a wireless interface. Communication unit 11 is controlled by control unit 13.

[0172] Storage unit 12 is a read / write data storage device such as DRAM, SRAM, flash memory, or hard disk. Storage unit 12 stores, for example, the connection status of terminal device 50. Storage unit 12 stores the status of the radio resource control (RRC) and EPS connection management (ECM) of terminal device 50, or the status of the 5G system connection management (CM) of terminal device 50. Storage unit 12 can be used as a home memory for storing the location information of terminal device 50.

[0173] The control unit 13 is a controller for the various parts of the management device 10. For example, the control unit 13 can be implemented by a processor such as a CPU or MPU. Specifically, the control unit 13 can be implemented by a processor executing various programs stored in a memory device within the management device 10 using RAM or the like as a working area. The control unit 13 can be implemented by an integrated circuit such as an ASIC or FPGA. The control unit 13 can also be implemented by a GPU. CPUs, MPUs, ASICs, FPGAs, and GPUs can all be considered controllers. Note that the control unit 13 can include multiple physically separate objects. For example, the control unit 13 can include multiple semiconductor chips.

[0174] 2-2. Ground station configuration example

[0175] First, a configuration example for ground station 20 is described.

[0176] Ground station 20 is a communication device located on the ground. For example, ground station 20 is a wireless communication device that performs wireless communication with terminal device 50. Ground station 20 can be configured to perform wireless communication with terminal device 50 via a non-ground station 30, or it can be configured to perform wireless communication with terminal device 50 via a ground relay station. Of course, ground station 20 can also be configured to perform wireless communication directly with terminal device 50.

[0177] Figure 7 This is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a ground station 20 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The ground station 20 includes a wireless communication unit 21, a storage unit 22, a control unit 23, and a network communication unit 24. Note that... Figure 7 The configuration shown is a functional configuration and may differ from the hardware configuration. The functionality of ground station 20 can be distributed across multiple physically separate structures.

[0178] The wireless communication unit 21 is a signal processing unit for performing wireless communication with other wireless communication devices (e.g., non-ground station 30, relay station 40, terminal equipment 50, and at least one of other ground stations 20). The wireless communication unit 21 may be referred to as a wireless transceiver or simply a transceiver. In this case, the wireless communication unit 21 may be a transceiver with specifications defined by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Technical Specification (TS) (hereinafter referred to as a 3GPP transceiver). The 3GPP transceiver may be a 3G transceiver, a 4G (LTE) transceiver, a 5G (NR) transceiver, or a transceiver of a generation beyond 5G (e.g., 6G). The wireless communication unit 21 is controlled by the control unit 23. The wireless communication unit 21 supports one or more wireless access schemes. The wireless communication unit 21 may support at least one of NR, LTE, Beyond 5G (B5G), and 6G. In addition to NR, LTE, B5G, and 6G, the wireless communication unit 21 may also support W-CDMA, cdma2000, etc. The wireless communication unit 21 can support automatic repeater technology such as Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ). Some or all of the processing performed by the wireless communication unit 21 can be performed by the control unit 23.

[0179] The wireless communication unit 21 includes a transmission processing unit 211, a reception processing unit 212, and an antenna 213. At least one of the transmission processing unit 211, the reception processing unit 212, and the antenna 213 can be considered as the wireless communication unit 21. The wireless communication unit 21 may include multiple transmission processing units 211, multiple reception processing units 212, and multiple antennas 213. When the wireless communication unit 21 supports multiple wireless access schemes, each part of the wireless communication unit 21 can be configured individually for each wireless access scheme. The transmission processing unit 211 and the reception processing unit 212 can be configured individually for LTE, NR, B5G, and 6G respectively. The antenna 213 may include multiple antenna elements, such as multiple patch antennas. The wireless communication unit 21 may have beamforming functionality. For example, the wireless communication unit 21 may include a polarization beamforming function using vertically polarized waves (V-polarized waves) and horizontally polarized waves (H-polarized waves) (or a polarization beamforming function using dual-polarized waves in polarization directions at 45 degrees and -45 degrees to the vertical direction). Note that the wireless communication unit 21 can transmit the sensing signals described above or below.

[0180] The transmission processing unit 211 performs transmission processing on downlink control information and downlink data. For example, the transmission processing unit 211 encodes the downlink control information and downlink data input from the control unit 23 using an encoding scheme such as block coding, convolutional coding, or turbo coding. Here, the encoding can be based on polar codes or low-density parity-check codes (LDPC codes). Then, the transmission processing unit 211 modulates the coded bits using a predetermined modulation scheme (e.g., BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM, 1024QAM, or a higher-order multi-level modulation scheme). In this case, the signal points on the constellation do not necessarily have to be equidistant. The constellation can be a non-uniform constellation (NUC). Then, the transmission processing unit 211 multiplexes the modulation symbols and downlink reference signals of each channel and allocates the multiplexed modulation symbols and downlink reference signals to predetermined resource elements. Then, the transmission processing unit 211 performs various signal processing on the multiplexed signals. For example, the transmission processing unit 211 performs processes such as converting to the frequency domain via fast Fourier transform, adding a guard interval (cyclic prefix), generating a baseband digital signal, converting to an analog signal, quadrature modulation, up-conversion, removing redundant frequency components, and power amplification. The signal generated by the transmission processing unit 211 is transmitted from the antenna 213.

[0181] The receiving processing unit 212 performs processing on the uplink signal received via antenna 213. For example, the receiving processing unit 212 performs down-conversion, removes unwanted frequency components, controls the amplification level, performs quadrature demodulation, converts to a digital signal, removes the guard interval (cyclic prefix), and extracts the frequency domain signal using fast Fourier transform. Then, the receiving processing unit 212 separates the uplink channel (e.g., the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) or Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH)) and the uplink reference signal from the signal that has undergone the above processing. The receiving processing unit 212 demodulates the received signal using modulation schemes such as Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK) or Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) for the modulation symbols of the uplink channel. The modulation scheme used for demodulation can be 16-QAM, 64QAM, or 256QAM. In this case, the signal points on the constellation do not necessarily have to be equidistant. The constellation can be a non-uniform constellation (NUC). Then, the receiving processing unit 212 performs decoding processing on the coded bits of the demodulated uplink channel. The decoded uplink data and uplink control information are output to the control unit 23.

[0182] Antenna 213 is an antenna device that converts current into radio waves and radio waves back into current. Antenna 213 may include one antenna element, such as a patch antenna. Antenna 213 may include multiple antenna elements, such as multiple patch antennas. When antenna 213 includes multiple antenna elements, the wireless communication unit 21 may have beamforming functionality. The wireless communication unit 21 can be configured to control the directivity of radio waves to generate a directional beam by using multiple antenna elements. Antenna 213 may be a dual-polarized antenna. When antenna 213 is a dual-polarized antenna, the wireless communication unit 21 can use vertically polarized waves (V-polarized waves) and horizontally polarized waves (H-polarized waves) (or dual-polarized waves in polarization directions at 45 degrees and -45 degrees to the vertical) when transmitting radio waves. The wireless communication unit 21 can control the directivity of the radio waves to be transmitted using vertically polarized waves and horizontally polarized waves (or dual-polarized waves in polarization directions at 45 degrees and -45 degrees to the vertical). The wireless communication unit 21 can transmit and receive spatially multiplexed signals through multiple layers including multiple antenna elements.

[0183] Storage unit 22 is a data storage device such as DRAM, SRAM, flash memory, or hard disk that can read and write data. Storage unit 22 is used as a storage device for ground station 20.

[0184] Control unit 23 is a controller that controls various parts of ground station 20. Control unit 23 controls the wireless communication unit to perform wireless communication with other wireless communication devices (e.g., non-ground station 30, relay station 40, terminal device 50, or other ground stations 20). Control unit 23 can be implemented by a processor such as a CPU or MPU. Specifically, control unit 23 can be implemented by a processor executing various programs stored in storage devices within ground station 20 using RAM or the like as a working area. Control unit 23 can be implemented by an integrated circuit such as an ASIC or FPGA. Control unit 23 can also be implemented by a GPU. CPUs, MPUs, ASICs, FPGAs, and GPUs can all be considered controllers. It should be noted that control unit 23 may include multiple physically separate objects. For example, control unit 23 may include multiple semiconductor chips.

[0185] The control unit 23 includes at least one of a generation unit 231, a receiving unit 232, a transmitting unit 233, and a communication control unit 234. The control unit 23 may include multiple of these blocks, or it may include only one of these blocks.

[0186] The blocks (generation unit 231 to communication control unit 234) included in the control unit 23 are functional blocks representing the functions of the control unit 23. These functional blocks can be software blocks or hardware blocks. For example, each of these functional blocks can be a software module implemented by software (including microprograms) or a circuit block on a semiconductor chip (die). It should be understood that each functional block can be a processor or an integrated circuit. The control unit 23 may include functional units different from the aforementioned functional blocks. The method of constructing the functional blocks is arbitrary. It should be noted that the operation of the control unit 23 can be the same as the operation of the control units (control unit 13, control unit 33, control unit 43, or control unit 53) of the management device 10, non-ground station 30, relay station 40, or terminal device 50.

[0187] Network communication unit 24 is a communication interface used for communicating with other devices. Network communication unit 24 is, for example, a network interface, such as a LAN interface like a NIC. It should be noted that network communication unit 24 can be a wired interface or a wireless interface. Network communication unit 24 serves as a communication device for ground station 20. Network communication unit 24 communicates with control and management equipment 10 and relay station 40, etc., according to control unit 23.

[0188] 2-3. Configuration examples for non-ground stations

[0189] Now, a configuration example for non-ground station 30 is described.

[0190] In this embodiment, the non-ground station 30 is a base station that provides base station functionality to the terminal device 50. Alternatively, the non-ground station 30 may be a relay station for communication between the ground station 20 (or other non-ground station 30) and the terminal device 50. The non-ground station 30 may be a satellite station or an aircraft station.

[0191] A satellite station is a wireless communication device capable of floating in outer space. A satellite station can be a device mounted on a spacecraft, such as an artificial satellite, or the spacecraft itself. A spacecraft is a moving body that moves in outer space. Examples of spacecraft include artificial celestial bodies such as artificial satellites, spacecraft, space stations, and probes. It is important to note that a satellite used as a satellite station can be any of the following: very low Earth orbit (VLEO), low Earth orbit (LEO), medium Earth orbit (MEO), and geostationary satellite. A satellite used as a satellite station can also be a highly elliptical orbit (HEO) satellite. A satellite station can be a communication device mounted on these satellites.

[0192] An aircraft station is a wireless communication device, such as an aircraft, that can float in the atmosphere. An aircraft station can be a device installed on an aircraft or the aircraft itself. It's important to note that the concept of an aircraft includes not only heavier-than-air aircraft such as airplanes and gliders, but also lighter-than-air aircraft such as balloons and airships. Furthermore, the concept of an aircraft includes not only heavier-than-air and lighter-than-air aircraft, but also rotorcraft such as helicopters and gyroplanes. It's also important to note that an aircraft station (or an aircraft equipped with an aircraft station) can be an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) such as a drone.

[0193] It's important to note that the concept of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) includes both unmanned aerial vehicle systems (UAS) and tethered UAS. The concept also includes lighter-than-air (LTA) UAS and heavier-than-air (HTA) UAS. Additionally, the concept of UAS includes high-altitude UAS platforms (HAPs).

[0194] Figure 8 This is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a non-ground station 30 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The non-ground station 30 includes a wireless communication unit 31, a storage unit 32, and a control unit 33. It should be noted that... Figure 8 The configuration shown is a functional configuration and may differ from the hardware configuration. The functions of the non-ground station 30 can be distributed across multiple physically separate configurations.

[0195] The wireless communication unit 31 is a signal processing unit for performing wireless communication with at least one of other wireless communication devices (e.g., ground station 20, relay station 40, terminal equipment 50, and other non-ground station 30). The wireless communication unit 31 may be referred to as a wireless transceiver or simply a transceiver. In this case, the wireless communication unit 31 may be a transceiver with specifications defined by the 3GPP technical specifications (hereinafter referred to as a 3GPP transceiver). The 3GPP transceiver may be a 3G transceiver, a 4G (LTE) transceiver, a 5G (NR) transceiver, or a transceiver of a generation beyond 5G (e.g., 6G). The wireless communication unit 31 is controlled by the control unit 33. The wireless communication unit 31 supports one or more wireless access schemes. The wireless communication unit 31 may support at least one of NR, LTE, Beyond 5G (B5G), and 6G. In addition to NR, LTE, B5G, and 6G, the wireless communication unit 31 may also support W-CDMA, CDMA 2000, etc. The wireless communication unit 31 may support automatic repeater technologies such as HARQ. Some or all of the processing performed by the wireless communication unit 31 may be performed by the control unit 33.

[0196] The wireless communication unit 31 includes a transmission processing unit 311, a reception processing unit 312, and an antenna 313. The wireless communication unit 31 may include multiple transmission processing units 311, multiple reception processing units 312, and multiple antennas 313. Note that when the wireless communication unit 31 supports multiple wireless access schemes, each part of the wireless communication unit 31 can be configured individually for each wireless access scheme. For example, the transmission processing unit 311 and the reception processing unit 312 can be configured individually for LTE, NR, B5G, and 6G respectively. The configuration of the transmission processing unit 311, the reception processing unit 312, and the antenna 313 is similar to the configuration of the transmission processing unit 211, the reception processing unit 212, and the antenna 213 described above. Note that the wireless communication unit 31 can be configured to perform beamforming, similar to the wireless communication unit 21. In this case, the wireless communication unit 31 can be configured to perform polarized beamforming, similar to the wireless communication unit 21. The wireless communication unit 31 can also be configured to transmit and receive spatially multiplexed signals, similar to the wireless communication unit 21.

[0197] Storage unit 32 is a storage device that can read and write data, such as DRAM, SRAM, flash memory, or hard disk. Storage unit 32 is used as a storage device for non-ground station 30.

[0198] The control unit 33 is a controller that controls the various parts of the non-ground station 30. The control unit 33 controls the wireless communication unit to perform wireless communication with other wireless communication devices (e.g., ground station 20, relay station 40, terminal device 50, or other non-ground station 30). The control unit 33 can be implemented using a processor such as a CPU or MPU. Specifically, the control unit 33 can be implemented by a processor using RAM or the like as a working area to execute various programs stored in a storage device within the non-ground station 30. The control unit 33 can be implemented using integrated circuits such as ASICs or FPGAs. The control unit 33 can also be implemented using a GPU. CPUs, MPUs, ASICs, FPGAs, and GPUs can all be considered controllers. Note that the control unit 33 may include multiple physically separate objects. For example, the control unit 33 may include multiple semiconductor chips.

[0199] The control unit 33 includes at least one of the following: a generation unit 331, a receiving unit 332, a transmitting unit 333, and a communication control unit 334. The control unit 33 may include multiple of these blocks, or it may include only one of these blocks.

[0200] The various units (generation units 331 to communication control units 334) included in the control unit 33 are function blocks representing the functions of the control unit 33. Function blocks can be software blocks or hardware blocks. For example, each of the above-mentioned function blocks can be a software module implemented by software (including microprograms) or a circuit block on a semiconductor chip (die). It should be understood that each function block can be a processor or an integrated circuit. The control unit 33 may include functional units different from the above-mentioned function blocks. The method of configuring function blocks is arbitrary. Note that the operation of the control unit 33 can be the same as the operation of the control units (control units 13, 23, 43, or 53) of the management device 10, ground station 20, relay station 40, or terminal device 50.

[0201] 2-4. Base Station Configuration Example

[0202] At least one of ground station 20 and non-ground station 30 can operate as a base station. When ground station 20 is a base station, non-ground station 30 can act as a relay station for relay communication between the base station and terminal device 50. Ground station 20 can also act as a relay station for relay communication between the base station and terminal device 50. When ground station 20 and / or non-ground station 30 are used as relay stations, the configuration of ground station 20 and / or non-ground station 30 can be similar to the configuration of relay station 40 described below. Of course, ground station 20 and / or non-ground station 30 can directly perform wireless communication with terminal device 50. The base station will be described below.

[0203] A base station is a device that is equivalent to a wireless base station (e.g., a base station, Node B, eNB, gNB, or 6GNB) or a wireless access point. In the following description, a base station may be referred to as a BS, Node B, eNB, gNB, or 6GNB.

[0204] A base station can be a wireless relay station (e.g., relay station 40 described later). A base station can be an optical extender device called a Remote Radio Head (RRH). A base station can be a receiving station such as a Field Pickup Unit (FPU). A base station can be an Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB) donor node or IAB relay node that provides wireless access and backhaul lines via time division multiplexing, frequency division multiplexing, or space division multiplexing.

[0205] The wireless access technology used by the base station can be cellular communication technology. The wireless access technology used by the base station can be wireless LAN technology. The wireless access technology used by the base station can be low-power wide-area (LPWA) communication technology. However, the wireless access technology used by the base station is not limited to the above technologies and can be any other wireless access technology. The wireless communication used by the base station can be wireless communication using millimeter waves or wireless communication using terahertz waves. The wireless communication used by the base station can be wireless communication using radio waves or wireless communication using infrared or visible light (optical wireless communication). The base station can be able to perform non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) communication with the terminal device 50. Here, NOMA communication is communication using non-orthogonal resources (transmission, reception, or both). Note that the base station can be able to perform NOMA communication with other base stations.

[0206] Note that the base station can interconnect with the core network via a base station-core network interface (e.g., NG interface, S1 interface, etc.). This interface can be wired or wireless. Additionally, the base station can interconnect with other base stations via an inter-base station interface (e.g., Xn interface, X2 interface, F1 interface, etc.). This interface can be wired or wireless.

[0207] The concept of a base station (also known as a base station device) includes not only donor base stations but also relay base stations (also known as relay stations). A relay base station can be any of an RF repeater, a smart repeater, and a smart surface. The concept of a base station can include roadside units (RSUs). The concept of a base station can include not only structures with base station functions but also equipment installed within those structures.

[0208] A structure is a building, such as a high-rise building, a house, a steel tower, a station facility, an airport facility, a port facility, an office building, a school building, a hospital, a factory, a commercial facility, or a stadium. The concept of a structure includes not only buildings, but also non-building structures such as tunnels, bridges, dams, fences, and iron bars, as well as facilities such as cranes, gates, and windmills. The concept of a structure includes not only structures on land (in a narrow sense) or underground, but also structures on water (such as docks or giant floating ships) and underwater structures (such as marine observation facilities). A base station can be rewritten as an information processing device.

[0209] A base station can be a donor station or a relay station. It can also be a fixed station or a mobile station. A mobile station is a wireless communication device configured to be mobile (e.g., a base station). In this case, the base station can be a device installed in a mobile body, or it can be the mobile body itself. For example, a mobile relay station can be considered a base station acting as a mobile station. Furthermore, a base station acting as a mobile station also corresponds to a device that is inherently mobile and includes the functions of a base station (at least a portion of the functions of a base station), such as a vehicle, an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) represented by a drone, or a smartphone.

[0210] Here, a mobile body can be a mobile terminal such as a smartphone or mobile phone. A mobile body can be one that moves on land (in a narrow sense, on the ground) (e.g., vehicles such as cars, bicycles, buses, trucks, motorcycles, trains, or linear locomotives) or one that moves underground (e.g., in tunnels) (e.g., subways). A mobile body can be one that moves on water (e.g., ships such as passenger ships, cargo ships, or hovercraft) or one that moves underwater (e.g., submersibles such as deep-sea submersibles, submarines, or unmanned submersibles). A mobile body can be one that moves in the atmosphere (e.g., aircraft such as airplanes, airships, or drones).

[0211] A base station can be a ground-based base station (Ground Station) installed on the ground. A base station can be a base station deployed in a structure on the ground, or a base station installed in a mobile vehicle moving on the ground. A base station can be an antenna installed in a structure such as a building and signal processing equipment connected to that antenna. A base station can be the structure or the mobile vehicle itself. The term "on the ground" means not only on land (in a narrow sense), but also broadly includes underground, above water, and underwater ground. Base stations are not limited to ground-based base stations. In the case where communication system 1 is a satellite communication system, the base station can be an aircraft station. From the perspective of a satellite station, an aircraft station located on Earth is a ground station.

[0212] Base stations are not limited to ground stations. Base stations can be non-ground base stations (non-ground stations) that can float in the air or space. Base stations can be aircraft stations or satellite stations.

[0213] The coverage area of ​​a base station can be relatively large, such as a macrocell, or relatively small, such as a picocell. The coverage area of ​​a base station can also be very small, such as a femtocell. Base stations can have beamforming capabilities. Using a base station, cells or service areas can be formed for each beam. In addition to beamforming, which makes the beam directional, a base station can also have the function of transmitting a desired beam to a predetermined point in a targeted manner by also considering distance information from the base station's antennas. This function can be called beam focusing or point shaping. A base station can be configured to acquire sensing data by performing sensing using beams.

[0214] In this embodiment, the base station may include a collection of multiple physical or logical devices. As an example, the base station in this embodiment may be divided into multiple devices such as a baseband unit (BBU) and a radio frequency unit (RU). The base station can be interpreted as a collection of multiple devices. Furthermore, the base station may be one or both of a BBU and an RU. The BBU and RU may be connected via a predetermined interface such as an enhanced common radio frequency interface (eCPRI).

[0215] RU can be modified to mean Remote Radio Unit (RRU) or Radio DoT (RD). RU can correspond to the gNB Distributed Unit (gNB-DU) described later. BBU can correspond to the gNB Centralized Unit (gNB-CU) described later. RU can be a device integrated with an antenna. The base station antenna, for example, an antenna integrated with the RU, can employ an advanced antenna system. In this case, the base station antenna can support MIMO such as FD-MIMO or beamforming, for example. The base station antenna can include, for example, 64 transmit antenna ports and 64 receive antenna ports.

[0216] The antenna mounted on the RU can be an antenna panel comprising one or more antenna elements, and the RU can be equipped with more than one antenna panel. The RU can be equipped with two types of antenna panels: horizontally polarized antenna panels and vertically polarized antenna panels. The RU can also be equipped with two types of antenna panels: right-hand circularly polarized antenna panels and left-hand circularly polarized antenna panels, or antenna panels with a polarization direction at 45 degrees to the vertical and antenna panels with a polarization direction at -45 degrees to the vertical. Multiple antennas with multiple polarization directions can be mounted on a single antenna panel. The RU can form and control independent beams for each antenna panel.

[0217] Multiple base stations can be interconnected. More than one base station can be included in a Radio Access Network (RAN). In this case, each base station can be simply referred to as RAN, RAN node, Access Network (AN), AN node, etc. The RAN in LTE can be called Enhanced Universal Terrestrial RAN (EUTRAN). The RAN in NR can be called NGRAN. Furthermore, the RAN in 6G can be called 6GRAN. The RAN in W-CDMA (UMTS) can be called UTRAN.

[0218] LTE base stations can be referred to as Evolved Node Bs (eNodeBs) or eNBs. In this case, the EUTRAN includes more than one eNodeB (eNB). NR base stations can be referred to as gNodeBs or gNBs. In this case, the NGRAN includes more than one gNB. 6G base stations can be referred to as 6GNodeBs, 6gNodeBs, 6GNBs, or 6gNBs. In this case, the 6GRAN includes more than one 6GNB. The EUTRAN may include gNBs (en-gNBs) connected to the core network (EPC) in the LTE communication system (EPS). The NGRAN may include ng-eNBs connected to the core network (5GC) in the 5G communication system (5GS).

[0219] When the base station is an eNB, gNB, 6GNB, etc., it can be referred to as a 3GPP access point. When the base station is a radio access point, it can be referred to as a non-3GPP access point. The base station can be an optical extension device called a Remote Radio Header (RRH). When the base station is a gNB, it can be a combination of the aforementioned gNB-CU and gNB-DU, or it can be either a gNB-CU or a gNB-DU.

[0220] Here, for communication with the UE, the gNB-CU manages several higher layers in the access layer (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC), Serving Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP), and Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP)). Simultaneously, the gNB-DU manages several lower layers in the access layer (e.g., Radio Link Control (RLC), Media Access Control (MAC), and Physical Layer (PHY)). That is, the gNB-CU can generate some messages / information described later as RRC signaling (quasi-static notification), and the gNB-DU can generate other messages / information as MAC CE or DCI (dynamic notification). Alternatively, the gNB-DU can generate some configurations in the RRC configuration (quasi-static notification), such as IE: cellGroupConfig, and the gNB-CU can generate the remaining configurations. These configurations can occur or be received on the F1 interface.

[0221] Base stations can be configured to communicate with other base stations. In the case of multiple base stations being a combination of eNBs or a combination of eNBs and en-gNBs, the base stations can connect via the X2 interface. In the case of multiple base stations being a combination of gNBs or a combination of gn-eNBs and gNBs, the base stations can connect via the Xn interface. In the case of multiple base stations being a combination of gNB-CUs and gNB-DUs, the base stations can connect via the aforementioned F1 interface. Messages / information described later (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC control elements (MAC CE), downlink control information (DCI), etc.) can be transmitted between multiple base stations via interfaces between these base stations (e.g., X2 interface, Xn interface, F1 interface, etc.).

[0222] A cell provided by a base station can be called a serving cell. The concept of a serving cell includes primary cells (PCell) and secondary cells (SCell). In the case of providing dual connectivity to terminal device 50, the PCell provided by the master node (MN) and zero or more SCells can be called a primary cell group. Dual connectivity can be at least one of EUTRA-EUTRA dual connectivity, EUTRA-NR dual connectivity (ENDC), EUTRA-NR dual connectivity with 5GC, NR-EUTRA dual connectivity (NEDC), NR-NR dual connectivity, NR-6G dual connectivity, and 6G-NR dual connectivity. It should be understood that dual connectivity is not limited to these.

[0223] The serving cell can include primary and secondary cells or primary SCG cells (PSCell). In the case of providing dual connectivity to terminal device 50, the PSCell provided by the secondary node (SN) and zero or more SCells can be referred to as a secondary cell group (SCG). Unless special configuration is provided (e.g., PUCCH on the SCell), the Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) is transmitted by the PCell and PSCell, but not by the SCell. Radio link failures are also detected by the PCell and PSCell, but are not detected (and may not need to be detected). As mentioned above, the PCell and PSCell play a special role in the serving cell and are therefore also called special cells (SpCell).

[0224] A cell can be associated with one downlink component carrier and one uplink component carrier. A system bandwidth corresponding to a cell can be divided into multiple bandwidth portions (BWPs). In this case, more than one BWP can be configured for terminal device 50, and one BWP can be used by terminal device 50 as an active BWP. The radio resources available to terminal device 50, such as frequency bands, parameter sets (subcarrier spacing or slot length), or slot formats (slot configurations), can vary for each cell, component carrier, or BWP.

[0225] 2-5. Relay Station Configuration Example

[0226] The following describes a configuration example for relay station 40.

[0227] Relay station 40 is a wireless communication device that performs wireless communication with other communication devices such as management device 10, ground station 20, non-ground station 30, and terminal device 50. Relay station 40 relays communication between non-ground station 30 and communication devices on the ground (e.g., management device 10, ground station 20, or terminal device 50). Relay station 40 can be either a ground station or a non-ground station. In this case, relay station 40 can have a configuration similar to ground station 20 or a configuration similar to non-ground station 30. Relay station 40 can also be considered a base station (relay base station).

[0228] The relay station 40 in this embodiment is, for example, a Layer 3 repeater, and differs from a known Layer 1 repeater that only amplifies the power of the received RF signal. Here, the Layer 3 repeater is a repeater capable of decoding down to Layer 3. It should be noted that the relay station 40 can be a smart repeater. Unlike a known Layer 1 repeater, a smart repeater is a repeater that can also control the physical layer (PHY), etc. Furthermore, the description of a relay station appearing in the following description can be replaced with other descriptions indicating a relay station, such as repeater or relay device.

[0229] It should be noted that the relay station 40 can be a fixed or mobile device. In this case, the relay station 40 can be a floating device. The coverage area of ​​the relay station 40 is not limited to a specific size. For example, the cell covered by the relay station 40 can be a macrocell, microcell, or small cell. Of course, the coverage area of ​​the relay station 40 can be very small, such as a femtocell. The relay station 40 can also have beamforming capabilities. In this case, using the relay station 40, cells or service areas can be formed for each beam.

[0230] The relay station 40 is not limited to any equipment on which it is installed, as long as it fulfills the relay function. For example, the relay station 40 can be installed on terminal devices such as smartphones, on vehicles such as cars, trains, or rickshaws, on flying objects (floating bodies) such as balloons, airplanes, or drones, on equipment such as traffic lights, signs, or streetlights, or on household appliances such as televisions, game consoles, air conditioners, refrigerators, or lighting fixtures. The relay station can also be installed on the exterior wall of a building structure (e.g., a building). Using a relay station installed on the exterior wall of a building, even if there are obstructions between the base station and the terminal device, the signal from the base station can be forwarded by the relay station installed on the exterior wall of the building and reach the terminal device.

[0231] Furthermore, relay station 40 can be a device installed on the mobile body or the mobile body itself, similar to the base station described above. As mentioned above, the mobile body can be a mobile terminal such as a smartphone or mobile phone. The mobile body can move on land (in the narrow sense of the ground) or underground. Of course, the mobile body can move on water or underwater. In addition, the mobile body can move in the atmosphere or in outer space. Relay station 40 can be a ground station device or a non-ground station device. In this case, relay station 40 can be a spacecraft station or a satellite station.

[0232] Relay station 40 can also be an aviation radio station or an earth station. An aviation radio station is a radio station installed on the ground or on a mobile body moving on the ground to communicate with an aircraft station. An earth station is a radio station located on Earth (including in the air) to communicate with a satellite station (space station). Earth stations can be large earth stations or small earth stations such as Very Small Aperture Terminals (VSAT).

[0233] It should be noted that an earth station can be a VSAT control earth station (also known as a master station or hub station) or a VSAT earth station (also known as a slave station). An earth station can also be a radio station mounted on a mobile body moving on the ground. Examples of earth stations mounted on ships include shipborne earth stations (ESVs). Earth stations can also include aircraft earth stations mounted on aircraft (including helicopters) and communicating with satellite stations. Earth stations can also include aviation earth stations mounted on mobile bodies moving on the ground and communicating with aircraft earth stations via satellite stations.

[0234] It should be noted that relay station 40 may be a portable radio station that communicates with a satellite station or an aircraft station.

[0235] Figure 9 This is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a relay station 40 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The relay station 40 includes a wireless communication unit 41, a storage unit 42, a control unit 43, and a network communication unit 44. It should be noted that... Figure 9 The configuration shown is a functional configuration and may differ from the hardware configuration. The functionality of relay station 40 can be distributed across multiple physically separate structures.

[0236] The wireless communication unit 41 is a signal processing unit for performing wireless communication with other wireless communication devices (e.g., ground station 20, non-ground station 30, terminal equipment 50, and other relay stations 40). The wireless communication unit 41 operates under the control of the control unit 43. The wireless communication unit 41 includes a receiving processing unit 411, a transmitting processing unit 412, and an antenna 413. The configuration of the wireless communication unit 41, receiving processing unit 411, transmitting processing unit 412, and antenna 413 can be similar to the configuration of the wireless communication unit 21, receiving processing unit 212, transmitting processing unit 211, and antenna 213 of the ground station 20. The wireless communication unit 41 can be configured to perform beamforming, similar to the wireless communication unit 21. In this case, the wireless communication unit 41 can be configured to perform polarized beamforming, similar to the wireless communication unit 21. The wireless communication unit 41 can also be configured to transmit and receive spatially multiplexed signals, similar to the wireless communication unit 21.

[0237] Storage unit 42 is a data storage device such as DRAM, SRAM, flash memory, or hard disk that can read and write data. Storage unit 42 serves as a storage unit for relay station 40.

[0238] The control unit 43 is a controller that controls the various parts of the relay station 40. The control unit 43 controls the wireless communication unit to perform wireless communication with other wireless communication devices (e.g., ground station 20, non-ground station 30, terminal device 50, or other relay stations 40). The control unit 43 can be implemented by a processor such as a CPU or MPU. Specifically, the control unit 43 can be implemented by using RAM or the like as a working area, executing various programs stored in a storage device within the non-ground station 30 by the processor. The control unit 43 can be implemented by an integrated circuit such as an ASIC or FPGA. The control unit 43 can also be implemented by a GPU. CPUs, MPUs, ASICs, FPGAs, and GPUs can all be considered controllers. Note that the control unit 43 may include multiple physically separate objects. For example, the control unit 43 may include multiple semiconductor chips.

[0239] The control unit 43 includes at least one of the following: a generation unit 431, a receiving unit 432, a transmitting unit 433, and a communication control unit 434. The control unit 43 may include multiple of these units, or it may include only one of these units.

[0240] The blocks included in the control unit 43 (from generation unit 431 to communication control unit 434) are function blocks that instruct the functions of the control unit 43. Function blocks can be software blocks or hardware blocks. For example, each of the above-mentioned function blocks can be a software module implemented by software (including microprograms) or a circuit block on a semiconductor chip (die). It should be understood that each function block can be a processor or an integrated circuit. The control unit 43 may include functional units different from the above-mentioned function blocks. The method of configuring function blocks is arbitrary. Note that the operation of the control unit 43 can be the same as the operation of the control units (control unit 13, control unit 23, control unit 33, or control unit 53) of the management device 10, ground station 20, non-ground station 30, or terminal equipment 50.

[0241] The network communication unit 44 is a communication interface used for communicating with other devices. The network communication unit 44 is, for example, a network interface. For instance, the network communication unit 44 is a LAN interface such as a NIC. Note that the network communication unit 44 can be a wired interface or a wireless interface. The network communication unit 44 serves as a communication device for the relay station 40. The network communication unit 44 communicates with the control and management device 10 of the control unit 43, the ground station 20, and the like.

[0242] 2-6. Configuration Example of Terminal Device

[0243] Now, a configuration example for terminal device 50 is described.

[0244] Terminal device 50 is a wireless communication device that performs wireless communication with other communication devices (such as ground station 20 and non-ground station 30). Any type of computer can be used as terminal device 50. Terminal device 50 can be a mobile terminal such as a mobile phone, smart device (smartphone or tablet), personal digital assistant (PDA), or laptop PC. Terminal device 50 can also be a game console with communication capabilities. Terminal device 50 can also be an imaging device with communication capabilities (e.g., a camera). Terminal device 50 can be a motorcycle, mobile relay vehicle, etc., equipped with communication devices such as a field pickup unit (FPU). Terminal device 50 can also be a machine-to-machine (M2M) device or an Internet of Things (IoT) device. Terminal device 50 can also be a wearable device such as a smartwatch.

[0245] Note that terminal device 50 can be an xR device, such as an augmented reality (AR) device, a virtual reality (VR) device, or a mixed reality (MR) device. In this case, the xR device can be a glasses-type device, such as AR glasses or MR glasses, or a head-mounted device, such as a VR head-mounted display. When terminal device 50 is an xR device, terminal device 50 can be a standalone device that only includes the part worn by the user (e.g., glasses). Terminal device 50 can also be a terminal-linked device that includes the part worn by the user (e.g., glasses) and a terminal part (e.g., a smart device) that is linked to the part worn by the user.

[0246] Terminal device 50 can be configured to connect to multiple communication paths. For example, terminal device 50 can be configured to connect to both Wi-Fi (trademark name) and cellular networks. Terminal device 50 can connect to multiple cellular networks. In this case, the multiple cellular networks can include a first cellular network comprising a terrestrial network and a second cellular network comprising a non-terrestrial network. In this case, the multiple cellular networks can be associated with different Subscriber Identity Modules (SIMs).

[0247] Terminal device 50 can be configured to switch between multiple SIM cards for use. For example, terminal device 50 can support dual SIM or triple SIM. Of course, terminal device 50 can be configured to allow more than three SIM cards to be inserted into terminal device 50. Terminal device 50 can also support Remote SIM Configuration (RSP). For example, terminal device 50 can support embedded SIM (eSIM). RSP terminal devices can rewrite information about wireless communication (hereinafter referred to as the configuration file) without changing the SIM cards.

[0248] Terminal device 50 can perform NOMA communication with ground station 20. Terminal device 50 can also use automatic repeater techniques such as HARQ when communicating with ground station 20. Terminal device 50 can perform sidelink communication with other terminal devices 50. Terminal device 50 can also use automatic repeater techniques such as HARQ when performing sidelink communication. Note that terminal device 50 can also perform NOMA communication in communication with other terminal devices 50 (sidelink). Terminal device 50 can perform LPWA communication with other communication devices (e.g., ground station 20 and other terminal devices 50). The wireless communication used by terminal device 50 can be millimeter-wave wireless communication. Note that the wireless communication used by terminal device 50 (including sidelink communication) can be radio wave wireless communication or infrared or visible light wireless communication (optical wireless communication).

[0249] Terminal device 50 can be a mobile device (mobile station). A mobile device is a mobile wireless communication device. In this case, terminal device 50 can be a wireless communication device installed on a mobile body, or it can be the mobile body itself. For example, terminal device 50 can be a vehicle traveling on a road, such as a car, bus, truck, or motorcycle; a vehicle traveling on rails, such as a train; or a wireless communication device installed on a vehicle. Note that the mobile body can be a mobile terminal, such as a smartphone. The mobile body can be a mobile body moving on land (in a narrow sense), underground, on water, or underwater. The mobile body can also be a mobile body moving in the atmosphere, such as an airplane, airship, balloon, or helicopter, or a mobile body moving in outer space, such as a satellite. The mobile body can be an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), such as a drone. Terminal device 50 can be a wireless communication device installed on a mobile body moving in the atmosphere, such as an airplane, airship, balloon, or helicopter; a mobile body moving in outer space, such as a satellite; or examples thereof, such as an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) including a drone.

[0250] Terminal device 50 can simultaneously connect to multiple base stations or multiple cells for communication. For example, in a scenario where a base station supports a communication area via multiple cells (e.g., pCell and sCell), the base station and terminal device 50 can communicate with each other by aggregating multiple cells using carrier aggregation (CA), dual connectivity (DC), and / or multiple connectivity (MC) technologies. Alternatively, terminal device 50 and multiple base stations can communicate with each other via cells of different base stations using coordinated multipoint transmission and reception (CoMP) technology.

[0251] Figure 10 This is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a terminal device 50 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The terminal device 50 includes a wireless communication unit 51, a storage unit 52, and a control unit 53. Note that... Figure 10 The configuration shown is a functional configuration and may differ from the hardware architecture. The functions of the terminal device 50 may also be implemented in multiple physically separate configurations.

[0252] The wireless communication unit 51 is a signal processing unit for performing wireless communication with other wireless communication devices (e.g., ground station 20, non-ground station 30, relay station 40, and other terminal equipment 50). The wireless communication unit 51 operates under the control of the control unit 53. The wireless communication unit 51 includes a transmission processing unit 511, a reception processing unit 512, and an antenna 513. The configuration of the wireless communication unit 51, transmission processing unit 511, reception processing unit 512, and antenna 513 can be similar to the configuration of the wireless communication unit 21, transmission processing unit 211, reception processing unit 212, and antenna 213 of the ground station 20. The wireless communication unit 51 can be configured to perform beamforming, similar to the wireless communication unit 21. In this case, the wireless communication unit 51 can be configured to perform polarized beamforming, similar to the wireless communication unit 21. The wireless communication unit 51 can also be configured to transmit and receive spatially multiplexed signals, similar to the wireless communication unit 21.

[0253] Storage unit 52 is a storage device that can read and write data, such as DRAM, SRAM, flash memory, or hard disk. Storage unit 52 is used as a storage unit of terminal device 50.

[0254] The control unit 53 is a controller for the various parts of the terminal device 50. The control unit 53 controls the wireless communication unit to perform wireless communication with other wireless communication devices (e.g., ground station 20, non-ground station 30, relay station 40, or other terminal devices 50). The control unit 53 can be implemented using a processor such as a CPU or MPU. Specifically, the control unit 53 can be implemented by a processor using RAM or the like as a working area to execute various programs stored in a storage device within the non-ground station 30. The control unit 53 can be implemented using integrated circuits such as ASICs or FPGAs. The control unit 53 can also be implemented using a GPU. CPUs, MPUs, ASICs, FPGAs, and GPUs can all be considered controllers. Note that the control unit 53 may include multiple physically separate objects. For example, the control unit 53 may include multiple semiconductor chips.

[0255] The control unit 53 includes at least one of the following: a configuration unit 531, a receiving unit 532, a transmitting unit 533, and a communication control unit 534. The control unit 53 may include multiple of these units, or it may include only one of these units.

[0256] The blocks included in the control unit 53 (configuration units 531 to communication control units 534) are function blocks representing the functions of the control unit 53. Function blocks can be software blocks or hardware blocks. For example, each of the above-mentioned function blocks can be a software module implemented by software (including microprograms) or a circuit block on a semiconductor chip (die). It should be understood that each function block can be a processor or an integrated circuit. The control unit 53 may include functional units different from the above-mentioned function blocks. The method of configuring function blocks is arbitrary. Note that the operation of the control unit 53 can be the same as the operation of the control units (control units 13, 23, 33, or 43) of the management device 10, ground station 20, non-ground station 30, or relay station 40.

[0257] 3. Existing interference reduction technologies

[0258] The structure of communication system 1 has been described, and the operation of communication system 1 in this embodiment will now be described in detail after describing prior art interference reduction techniques. Here, as an example of prior art interference reduction techniques, a guard band defined by the 3GPP Technical Specification (TS) is described.

[0259] To reduce interference between channels, a portion of the frequency band can be designated as a guard band in wireless communication. In cellular communication, the minimum guard band is determined based on factors such as channel bandwidth, maximum transmit bandwidth configuration, and subcarrier spacing.

[0260] 3-1. Minimum Guard Bandwidth in UE Channel Bandwidth

[0261] 3GPP TS 38.101 specifies the minimum protection bandwidth in the UE channel bandwidth. Figure 11 and Figure 12 Excerpted from Section 5.3.3 of TS38.101. The following is about... Figure 11 and Figure 12 The description is based on the description in Section 5.3.3 of 3GPP TS 38.101.

[0262] Figure 11 The minimum guard band for each UE channel bandwidth and SCS is shown. Figure 11 The SCS shown represents the subcarrier spacing.

[0263] Here, the minimum protection zone is calculated using the following equation (1).

[0264] GB channel = (BW Channel x 1000 (kHz) - N RB x SCS x 12) / 2 - SCS / 2…(1)

[0265] In equation (1), N RB This indicates the maximum transmit bandwidth configuration. Note that GB... channel Expressed in kHz.

[0266] Figure 12 This is a diagram used to describe the minimum guard band in the UE channel bandwidth. The number of RBs configured in any channel bandwidth ensures that the minimum guard band specified above is met.

[0267] 3-2. Minimum Guard Bandwidth in BS Channel Bandwidth

[0268] 3GPP TS 38.104 specifies the minimum guard bandwidth in the BS channel bandwidth. Figures 13 to 16 Excerpted from Section 5.3.3 of 3GPP TS 38.104. The following is about... Figures 13 to 16 The description is based on the description in Section 5.3.3 of 3GPP TS 38.104.

[0269] Figures 13 to 14B These are diagrams describing the minimum guard band for each BS channel bandwidth and SCS. Figure 13 This is a diagram showing the minimum guard band in FR1, and Figure 14A and Figure 14B The diagrams shown below illustrate the minimum guard band in FR2. Figure 11 In that case, SCS represents the subcarrier spacing.

[0270] Figure 15 This is a diagram showing the minimum guard band for the SCS 240kHz SS / PBCH block for each BS channel bandwidth. (See diagram for example.) Figure 11 In that case, SCS represents the subcarrier spacing.

[0271] Figure 15 The minimum guard band shown applies only when the SCS 240kHz SS / PBCH block is configured adjacent to the end of the BS channel bandwidth where the SS / PBCH block resides.

[0272] Figure 16 This is a diagram used to describe the minimum guard band in the BS channel bandwidth. The number of RBs configured in any channel bandwidth ensures that the minimum guard band specified above is met.

[0273] 4. The wireless communication assumed in this embodiment

[0274] Next, the assumed wireless communication in this embodiment will be described.

[0275] This embodiment assumes that ground station 20 and non-ground station 30 perform wireless communication with terminal device 50 in the same or adjacent frequency bands. The following descriptions will cover the scenarios of performing wireless communication in the same frequency band and performing wireless communication in different frequency bands.

[0276] 4-1. Cases of wireless communication in the same frequency band

[0277] First, the scenario of ground station 20 and non-ground station 30 performing wireless communication in the same frequency band (Intra-band) is described.

[0278] Now, frequency bands are allocated separately to non-ground stations. Specifically, n255 and n256 are allocated as frequency bands for non-ground stations. That is, currently, ground stations and non-ground stations use different frequency bands to perform wireless communication. However, it is assumed in the future that ground stations and non-ground stations will use the same frequency band to perform wireless communication. Therefore, as an example, this embodiment assumes that both ground station 20 and non-ground station 30 use the same frequency band.

[0279] Figure 17 This diagram illustrates an example of frequency blocks used for ground stations and frequency blocks used for non-ground stations coexisting in the same frequency band. Figure 17 In the example, the frequency block assigned to ground station 20 and the frequency block assigned to non-ground station 30 exist in the same frequency band (band xxx). Figure 17 In the example, the frequency block assigned to non-ground station 30 is adjacent to the frequency block assigned to ground station 20.

[0280] 4-2. Cases of performing wireless communication in different frequency bands

[0281] Next, the scenario of ground station 20 and non-ground station 30 performing wireless communication in different frequency bands (inter-band) will be described.

[0282] This embodiment assumes not only that ground station 20 and non-ground station 30 perform wireless communication in the same frequency band, but also that ground station 20 and non-ground station 30 perform communication in different frequency bands (inter-frequency). In this case, the frequency block allocated to ground station 20 can be adjacent to the frequency block allocated to non-ground station 30.

[0283] Figure 18 This is a diagram illustrating an example of frequency blocks allocated to different frequency bands, with those for ground stations and those for non-ground stations adjacent to each other. Figure 18 In the example, the frequency band (band A) allocated for non-ground station 30 is adjacent to the frequency band (band B) allocated for ground station 20. Therefore, the frequency block allocated to ground station 20 is adjacent to the frequency block allocated to non-ground station 30.

[0284] 4-3. Frequency Block

[0285] The aforementioned frequency blocks can be LTE channels, NR channels, B5G LTE channels, or 6G channels. Of course, frequency blocks can also be channels of other RATs (e.g., wireless LANs such as Wi-Fi).

[0286] In addition, a frequency block can be a component carrier (CC), a cell, a bandwidth portion (BWP), a resource element (RE), a resource element group (REG), or a resource block (RB). Of course, frequency blocks are not limited to these.

[0287] 5. The operation of the communication system

[0288] Based on the above, the operation of communication system 1 is described below.

[0289] The channel described below is, for example, a frequency block with a component carrier (CC) width. Note that the channel is not limited to this example and can be formed, for example, by bundling multiple component carriers (CCs).

[0290] The channel descriptions appearing in the following description can be replaced by frequency block descriptions. As mentioned above, a frequency block can be a component carrier (CC), cell, bandwidth portion (BWP), resource element (RE), resource element group (REG), or resource block (RB). Of course, frequency blocks are not limited to these.

[0291] In the following description, the base station can be ground station 20 or non-ground station 30. If the non-ground station 30 is the base station, it can be a satellite station or an aircraft station. Note that the base station can be ground station 20 communicating with terminal equipment 50 on the ground via a satellite station or an aircraft station. The description of the base station appearing in the following description can be replaced by the description of a relay station 40 or terminal equipment 50.

[0292] In the following description, the wireless communication between the communication device used as a transmitting device and the communication device used as a receiving device at ground station 20 is referred to as terrestrial communication. For example, the wireless communication between the communication device on the ground and ground station 20 is terrestrial communication.

[0293] In the following description, wireless communication in which at least one of the communication device used as a transmitting device and the communication device used as a receiving device is a non-ground station 30 is referred to as non-ground communication. For example, wireless communication between a ground-based communication device and a non-ground station 30 is non-ground communication.

[0294] In the following description, it is assumed that terminal device 50 is a ground-based communication device. Note that a ground-based communication device is not limited to terminal device 50, and may be, for example, a ground-based base station (including ground-based relay station 40). In this case, the description of terminal device 50 in the following description can be replaced by the description of a ground-based base station.

[0295] Ground station 20 is typically a base station (including a relay base station). However, ground station 20 is not limited to a base station and can be, for example, terminal device 50. In this case, the description of ground station 20 in the following description can be replaced by the description of terminal device 50.

[0296] Non-ground station 30 is typically a base station (including a relay base station). However, non-ground station 30 is not limited to base stations and can be, for example, terminal device 50. In this case, the description of non-ground station 30 in the following description can be replaced by the description of terminal device 50.

[0297] 5-1. Example 1

[0298] First, the operation of the communication system 1 according to Example 1 is described. In Example 1, in order to reduce interference from terrestrial communication to non-terrestrial communication, the terminal device 50 uses a minimum protection bandwidth configuration for non-terrestrial communication that differs from the configuration associated with the minimum protection bandwidth for terrestrial communication. In Example 1, the terminal device 50 sets the minimum protection bandwidth based on information used for non-terrestrial communication.

[0299] In this example, the channel used for terrestrial communication (hereinafter referred to as the first channel) and the channel used for non-terrestrial communication (hereinafter referred to as the second channel) are adjacent channels, for example, such as Figure 17 and Figure 18 As shown above, the base station sends configuration information to the terminal device 50, including at least one of a first configuration related to wireless communication using a first channel and a second configuration related to wireless communication using a second channel. The terminal device 50 performs the configuration related to wireless communication using the first channel or the second channel based on the configuration information received from the base station.

[0300] In this example, the first configuration and the second configuration are different configurations. The first configuration is a configuration related to the minimum protection bandwidth of the first channel, and the second configuration is a configuration related to the minimum protection bandwidth of the second channel. For example, the first configuration is a configuration where the minimum protection bandwidth of the first channel is the minimum protection bandwidth of the prior art as shown in "3. Prior Art Interference Reduction Techniques", and the second configuration is a configuration where the minimum protection bandwidth of the second channel is a newly set minimum protection bandwidth for non-terrestrial communication.

[0301] Here, the second configuration may include a configuration in which the minimum protection bandwidth of the second channel (the minimum protection bandwidth of at least one of the two protection bands) is wider than the first minimum protection bandwidth of the first channel (e.g., the minimum protection bandwidth of the prior art) and the second minimum protection bandwidth.

[0302] Configuration related to the calculation method of minimum protection bandwidth

[0303] As an example, the second configuration may include configuration related to the calculation method of the minimum protection bandwidth. The terminal device 50, which receives configuration information including the second configuration, can calculate the minimum protection bandwidth of the second channel based on the second configuration.

[0304] Here, the minimum protection bandwidth can be calculated as follows: based on existing minimum protection bandwidth calculation methods (e.g., the calculation formula of equation (1) above), the offset frequency used for non-terrestrial communication is taken into account. For example, terminal device 50 can calculate the minimum protection bandwidth for non-terrestrial communication by adding the offset frequency used for non-terrestrial stations to the channel bandwidth, maximum transmission bandwidth configuration, and subcarrier spacing.

[0305] Equations (2) through (4) below are examples of formulas for calculating the minimum protection bandwidth for non-terrestrial communications. A second configuration may include information for specifying the formula for calculating the minimum protection bandwidth. Note that the notation and calculation methods are examples. The formula for calculating the minimum protection bandwidth is not limited to the following.

[0306] GB channel = (BW Channel x 1000 (kHz) - N RB x SCS x 12) / 2 - SCS / 2 + Offset NTN

[0307] ……(2)

[0308] GB channel = (BW Channel x 1000 (kHz) - N RB x SCS x 12 + Offset NTN) / 2 - SCS / 2

[0309] ……(3)

[0310] GB channel = (BW Channel x 1000 (kHz) - (N RB - Offset NTN) x SCS x 12) / 2 - SCS / 2

[0311] ……(4)

[0312] Here, GB Channel BW represents the minimum protection bandwidth. Channel N represents the channel bandwidth. RB This indicates the maximum transmit bandwidth configuration, SCS indicates the subcarrier spacing, and Offset... NTN This indicates the offset frequency used for non-terrestrial communication. The offset frequency information can be included in the second configuration or predetermined by the specification.

[0313] Configuration related to maximum transmit bandwidth configuration

[0314] Maximum transmit bandwidth configuration N RB The calculation of the minimum protection bandwidth is performed. Therefore, the second configuration may include a configuration related to the maximum transmission bandwidth configuration. The terminal device 50, which receives configuration information including the second configuration, may calculate the minimum protection bandwidth of the second channel based on the second configuration. In this case, any one of the calculation formulas (1) to (4) may be used as the calculation formula for the minimum protection bandwidth. If the second configuration includes a configuration related to the method for calculating the minimum protection bandwidth, the terminal device 50 may select the calculation formula for the minimum protection bandwidth based on that configuration.

[0315] It is important to note that separate maximum transmission bandwidth configuration tables can be defined for non-terrestrial communication and for terrestrial communication. Then, terminal device 50 can determine the maximum transmission bandwidth configuration N used for calculating the minimum protection bandwidth for non-terrestrial communication based on the maximum transmission bandwidth configuration table for non-terrestrial communication. RB .

[0316] Figure 19A This is a diagram showing an example of a maximum transmission bandwidth configuration table for terrestrial communications. Figure 19B This is a diagram illustrating an example of a maximum transmit bandwidth configuration table for non-terrestrial communication. More specifically, Figure 19A This is an example of a maximum transmission bandwidth configuration table for terrestrial communication, where a maximum transmission bandwidth configuration table for terrestrial communication and a maximum transmission bandwidth configuration table for non-terrestrial communication are defined separately. Furthermore, Figure 19B This is an example of a maximum transmission bandwidth configuration table for non-terrestrial communication, provided that the maximum transmission bandwidth configuration table for terrestrial communication and the maximum transmission bandwidth configuration table for non-terrestrial communication are defined separately.

[0317] exist Figure 19A and Figure 19BIn the example, the maximum transmission bandwidth for non-terrestrial communication is defined as less than the maximum transmission bandwidth for terrestrial communication. Therefore, the calculated minimum protection bandwidth for the channel used for non-terrestrial communication (second channel) is greater than the calculated minimum protection bandwidth for the channel used for terrestrial communication (first channel). It is important to note that... Figure 19A and Figure 19B The labels and values ​​shown are examples, and the invention is not limited thereto.

[0318] As another example, terminal device 50 can determine the maximum transmission bandwidth configuration N used for calculating the minimum protection bandwidth for non-terrestrial communication based on a maximum transmission bandwidth configuration table for terrestrial communication. RB . Figure 20 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a maximum transmit bandwidth configuration table for terrestrial communications. More specifically, Figure 20 This is an example of a maximum transmission bandwidth configuration table for terrestrial communication, used to determine the maximum transmission bandwidth configuration for non-terrestrial communication based on a maximum transmission bandwidth configuration table for terrestrial communication.

[0319] The maximum transmission bandwidth configuration table for terrestrial communication can be configured with notes to determine the maximum transmission bandwidth configuration for non-terrestrial communication. Then, terminal device 50 can determine the maximum transmission bandwidth configuration for non-terrestrial communication in the manner described in the notes. For example, terminal device 50 can determine the maximum transmission bandwidth configuration from... Figure 20 The N shown RB The value obtained by subtracting the predetermined value is used as the maximum transmission bandwidth configuration value for non-terrestrial communication. Here, the predetermined value can be included in the second configuration or can be predetermined by the specification.

[0320] Therefore, the calculated minimum protection bandwidth for the channel used for non-terrestrial communication (second channel) is greater than the calculated minimum protection bandwidth for the channel used for terrestrial communication (first channel). It should be noted that... Figure 20 The labels and values ​​shown are examples, and the invention is not limited thereto.

[0321] Application of this example

[0322] Terminal device 50 may notify the base station (e.g., non-ground station 30) of information regarding the applicability of this example as UE capability information. The base station may determine whether to apply this example based on the notification information regarding its applicability.

[0323] Terminal device 50 can implement this example based on static information or quasi-static configuration.

[0324] For example, as static information, information such as the calculation of the minimum protection bandwidth for non-terrestrial communication and the configuration table of the maximum transmission bandwidth for non-terrestrial communication can be predefined in specifications, etc.

[0325] For example, if the value of cellBarredNTN notified via system information does not indicate that connection to NTN is prohibited (notBarred), the terminal device 50 may apply this example. On the other hand, if the value of cellBarredNTN notified via system information indicates that connection to NTN is prohibited (Barred) or if cellBarredNTN is not notified, the terminal device 50 may not apply this example.

[0326] For example, terminal device 50 may apply this example if system information for NTN has been provided. On the other hand, terminal device 50 may not apply this example if system information for NTN has not been provided.

[0327] For example, this example can be applied to terminal device 50 if RRC signaling for NTN has been notified. On the other hand, this example may not be applied if, for example, RRC signaling for NTN has not been notified.

[0328] For example, if information about this example is provided in system information or RRC signaling for NTN, terminal device 50 can apply this example. Here, new fields can be added for this example, or information about this example can be added to existing fields.

[0329] The following is an example of a notification in the system information.

[0330]

[0331] The following is an example of a notification via RRC signaling (in the case of newly added fields).

[0332]

[0333] The following is an example of a notification via RRC signaling (in the case of adding to an existing field).

[0334]

[0335] The following is an example of a field description.

[0336] Field Description

[0337] ntn-MinimumGuardBandOffset: This notification specifies the offset value used for calculating the minimum protection bandwidth for non-terrestrial communication. If this notification is not present, the Offset is set to zero to perform the calculation. Alternatively, the minimum protection bandwidth calculation for non-terrestrial communication is applied.

[0338] ntn-MaximumBandwidthTable: The notification includes information about the maximum transmit bandwidth configuration table for non-terrestrial communication. It also includes the number of resource blocks near adjacent channels. If this notification is not present, the maximum transmit bandwidth configuration table for terrestrial communication is applied.

[0339] 5-2. Example 2

[0340] Next, the operation of communication system 1 according to Example 2 will be described. In Example 2, the configuration for interference reduction is also related to the minimum protection bandwidth. In Example 2, terminal device 50 sets the minimum protection bandwidth based on information about the communication link, such as uplink or downlink.

[0341] As described above, interference occurs when channels used for non-terrestrial communication are adjacent to channels used for terrestrial communication. In particular, interference is significant for non-terrestrial uplink communication used for terrestrial communication. Therefore, in this example, when communicating with non-terrestrial station 30, terminal device 50 changes its configuration related to minimum protection bandwidth to an uplink configuration.

[0342] In this example, such as Figure 17 and Figure 18 As shown, the channel used for terrestrial communication (hereinafter referred to as the first channel in this example) and the channel used for non-terrestrial uplink communication (hereinafter referred to as the second channel in this example) are adjacent channels. As described above, the base station sends configuration information to the terminal device 50, including at least one of a first configuration related to wireless communication using the first channel and a second configuration related to wireless communication using the second channel. The terminal device 50 performs the configuration for wireless communication using the first channel or the second channel based on the configuration information received from the base station.

[0343] In this example, the first configuration and the second configuration are different configurations. The first configuration is a configuration related to the minimum protection bandwidth of the first channel, and the second configuration is a configuration related to the minimum protection bandwidth of the second channel. For example, the first configuration is a configuration where the minimum protection bandwidth of the first channel is the minimum protection bandwidth of the prior art as shown in <3. Prior Art Interference Reduction Techniques>, and the second configuration is a configuration where the minimum protection bandwidth of the second channel is a newly set minimum protection bandwidth for non-terrestrial uplink communication.

[0344] Here, the second configuration may include the following configuration: wherein the minimum protection bandwidth of the second channel (the minimum protection bandwidth of at least one of the two protection bands) is a second minimum protection bandwidth that is wider than the first minimum protection bandwidth of the first channel (e.g., the minimum protection bandwidth of the prior art).

[0345] Configuration related to the method for calculating minimum protection bandwidth

[0346] As an example, the second configuration may include configuration related to the method for calculating the minimum protection bandwidth. The terminal device 50, which receives configuration information including the second configuration, can calculate the minimum protection bandwidth of the second channel based on the second configuration.

[0347] Here, the method for calculating the minimum protection bandwidth can be one in which a method for calculating the minimum protection bandwidth based on existing technology (e.g., the calculation formula of equation (1) above) takes into account the offset frequency used for non-terrestrial uplink communication. For example, terminal device 50 can calculate the minimum protection bandwidth for non-terrestrial uplink communication by adding the offset frequency used for non-terrestrial stations to the channel bandwidth, the maximum transmission bandwidth configuration, and the subcarrier spacing.

[0348] Equations (5) to (7) below are examples of formulas for calculating the minimum guard bandwidth for non-terrestrial uplink communication. A second configuration may include information for specifying the formula for calculating the minimum guard bandwidth. Note that the notation and calculation methods are examples. The formula for calculating the minimum guard bandwidth is not limited to the formulas below.

[0349] GB channel = (BW Channel x 1000 (kHz) - N RB x SCS x 12) / 2 - SCS / 2 +Offset NTN_uplink

[0350] ……(5)

[0351] GB channel = (BW Channel x 1000 (kHz) - N RB x SCS x 12 + Offset NTN_uplink ) / 2 -SCS / 2

[0352] ……(6)

[0353] GB channel = (BW Channel x 1000 (kHz) - (N RB - Offset NTN_uplink ) x SCS x 12) / 2 -SCS / 2

[0354] ……(7)

[0355] Here, GB Channel BW represents the minimum protection bandwidth. Channel N represents the channel bandwidth. RB This indicates the maximum transmit bandwidth configuration, SCS indicates the subcarrier spacing, and Offset... NTN This indicates the offset frequency used for non-terrestrial uplink communication. Information about the offset frequency can be included in the second configuration or predetermined by the specification.

[0356] Configuration related to maximum transmit bandwidth configuration

[0357] Maximum transmit bandwidth configuration N RB The minimum protection bandwidth is used for calculation. Therefore, the second configuration may include configurations related to the maximum transmission bandwidth configuration. The terminal device 50, which receives configuration information including the second configuration, may calculate the minimum protection bandwidth of the second channel based on the second configuration. In this case, any one of the calculation formulas (1) and (5) to (7) may be used as the calculation formula for the minimum protection bandwidth. If the second configuration includes a configuration related to the method for calculating the minimum protection bandwidth, the terminal device 50 may select the calculation formula for the minimum protection bandwidth based on that configuration.

[0358] Note that separate maximum transmission bandwidth configuration tables can be defined for non-terrestrial uplink communication and for terrestrial and non-terrestrial downlink communication. Then, terminal device 50 can determine the calculated maximum transmission bandwidth configuration N for the minimum protection bandwidth to be used for non-terrestrial uplink communication based on the maximum transmission bandwidth configuration table for non-terrestrial uplink communication. RB .

[0359] Figure 21A This is a diagram showing an example of a maximum transmit bandwidth configuration table for terrestrial and non-terrestrial downlink communications. Figure 21B This is a diagram illustrating an example of a maximum transmit bandwidth configuration table for non-terrestrial uplink communication. More specifically, Figure 21A This is an example of a maximum transmission bandwidth configuration table for terrestrial and non-terrestrial downlink communication, where the maximum transmission bandwidth configuration tables for terrestrial and non-terrestrial downlink communication and the maximum transmission bandwidth configuration table for non-terrestrial uplink communication are defined separately. Furthermore, Figure 21B This is an example of the maximum transmission bandwidth configuration table for non-terrestrial uplink communication, provided that the maximum transmission bandwidth configuration tables for terrestrial and non-terrestrial downlink communication and the maximum transmission bandwidth configuration table for non-terrestrial uplink communication are defined separately.

[0360] exist Figure 21A and Figure 21BIn the example, the maximum transmission bandwidth for non-terrestrial uplink communication is defined as less than the maximum transmission bandwidth for both terrestrial and non-terrestrial downlink communication. Therefore, the calculated minimum protection bandwidth for the channel used for non-terrestrial uplink communication (second channel) is greater than the calculated minimum protection bandwidth for the channel used for terrestrial communication (first channel). Note that... Figure 21A and Figure 21B The labels and values ​​shown are examples, and the invention is not limited thereto.

[0361] As another example, terminal device 50 can determine the calculated maximum transmission bandwidth configuration N for the minimum protection bandwidth to be used for non-terrestrial uplink communication based on a maximum transmission bandwidth configuration table for terrestrial and non-terrestrial downlink communication. RB . Figure 22 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a maximum transmit bandwidth configuration table for both terrestrial and non-terrestrial downlink communications. More specifically, Figure 22 This is an example of a maximum transmission bandwidth configuration table for terrestrial and non-terrestrial downlink communications, which is used to determine the maximum transmission bandwidth configuration for non-terrestrial uplink communications based on a maximum transmission bandwidth configuration table for terrestrial and non-terrestrial downlink communications.

[0362] The maximum transmission bandwidth configuration table for terrestrial and non-terrestrial downlink communication can be set with annotations for determining the maximum transmission bandwidth configuration for non-terrestrial uplink communication. Then, terminal device 50 can determine the maximum transmission bandwidth configuration for non-terrestrial uplink communication in the manner described in the annotations. For example, terminal device 50 can determine the maximum transmission bandwidth configuration for non-terrestrial uplink communication by means of... Figure 22 The N shown RB The value obtained by subtracting the predetermined value is used as the maximum transmission bandwidth configuration value for non-terrestrial uplink communication. Here, the predetermined value may be included in the second configuration or may be determined in advance by the specification.

[0363] Therefore, the calculated minimum guard bandwidth for the channel used for non-terrestrial uplink communication (second channel) is greater than the calculated minimum guard bandwidth for the channel used for terrestrial communication (first channel). Note that... Figure 22 The labels and values ​​shown are examples, and the invention is not limited thereto.

[0364] Application of this example

[0365] Terminal device 50 may notify the base station (e.g., non-ground station 30) of whether this example is applicable through UE capabilities, etc. The base station may determine whether to apply this example based on the notified information regarding its applicability.

[0366] Terminal device 50 can implement this example based on static information or quasi-static configuration.

[0367] For example, information such as the calculation of the minimum protection bandwidth for non-terrestrial uplink communication and the configuration table of the maximum transmission bandwidth for non-terrestrial uplink communication, which are static information, can be predefined in specifications, etc.

[0368] For example, terminal device 50 may apply this example if the value of cellBarredNTN notified via system information does not indicate that connection to NTN is prohibited (notBarred). On the other hand, terminal device 50 may not apply this example if the value of cellBarredNTN notified via system information indicates that connection to NTN is prohibited (Barred) or if cellBarredNTN is not notified.

[0369] For example, terminal device 50 may apply this example if system information for NTN is provided. On the other hand, terminal device 50 may not apply this example if system information for NTN is not provided.

[0370] For example, terminal device 50 may apply this example if RRC signaling for NTN has been notified. On the other hand, for example, this example may not be applied if RRC signaling for NTN has not been notified.

[0371] For example, terminal device 50 may apply this example if information about this example is provided in system information or RRC signaling used for NTN. Here, new fields for this example can be added, or information about this example can be added to existing fields.

[0372] The following is an example of a notification in the system information.

[0373]

[0374] The following is an example of a notification via RRC signaling (in the case of newly added fields).

[0375]

[0376] The following is an example of a notification via RRC signaling (in the case of adding to an existing field).

[0377]

[0378] The following is an example of a field description.

[0379] Field Description

[0380] ntn-MinimumGuardBandOffset: This notification specifies the offset value used for calculating the minimum protection bandwidth for non-terrestrial uplink communication. If this notification is not present, the Offset is set to zero to perform the calculation. Alternatively, the minimum protection bandwidth for non-terrestrial uplink communication is calculated using the provided method.

[0381] ntn-MaximumBandwidthTable: The notification includes information about the maximum transmit bandwidth configuration table for non-terrestrial uplink communication. It also includes the number of resource blocks near adjacent channels. If this notification is not present, the maximum transmit bandwidth configuration table for terrestrial communication is applied.

[0382] 5-3. Example 3

[0383] Next, the operation of communication system 1 according to Example 3 will be described. In Example 3, the configuration for interference reduction is a modulation scheme-related configuration. Terminal device 50 sets the modulation scheme at the channel end to a lower order modulation scheme than the modulation scheme at the channel center.

[0384] In this example, the channel used for terrestrial communication (hereinafter referred to as the first channel in this example) and the channel used for non-terrestrial communication (hereinafter referred to as the second channel in this example) are adjacent channels, for example... Figure 17 and Figure 18 As shown. Note that the second channel can be a channel used for non-terrestrial uplink communication. In this case, the descriptions of non-terrestrial communication appearing in the following description can be replaced by the descriptions of non-terrestrial uplink communication.

[0385] As described above, the base station sends configuration information to the terminal device 50, including at least one of a first configuration related to wireless communication using a first channel and a second configuration related to wireless communication using a second channel. The terminal device 50 performs configuration for wireless communication using either the first or second channel based on the configuration information received from the base station.

[0386] In this example, the first configuration and the second configuration are different configurations. The first configuration is related to the modulation scheme of the first channel, and the second configuration is related to the modulation scheme of the second channel. Here, the first configuration is, for example, a configuration in which the modulation scheme of the signal transmitted using the first channel is a prior art modulation scheme. The second configuration is, for example, a configuration in which the modulation scheme of at least a portion of the signal transmitted using the second channel is a lower-order modulation scheme than the modulation scheme of the first channel. For example, the second configuration is a configuration in which the modulation scheme at the ends of the second channel is a lower-order modulation scheme than the modulation scheme at the center of the second channel. Here, the modulation scheme at the center of the second channel can be the same as the modulation scheme of the first channel (e.g., a modulation scheme used in prior art terrestrial communications), or it can be a lower-order modulation scheme than the modulation scheme of the first channel.

[0387] Here, the end of the second channel is, for example, one or more resource blocks near an adjacent channel (e.g., the first channel). The center of the second channel is, for example, one or more resource blocks that are not adjacent to any adjacent channel (e.g., the first channel).

[0388] As described above, the second configuration is one in which at least a portion of the signal transmitted using the second channel is modulated in a manner that is lower in order than the modulation scheme of the first channel. Figure 23 This diagram describes the configuration related to the modulation scheme of the second channel. For example, if the modulation scheme at the center of the second channel is QPSK, the modulation scheme at the ends of the second channel can be BPSK. For example, if the modulation scheme at the center of the second channel is 64QAM, the modulation scheme at the ends of the second channel can be BPSK, QPSK, or 16QAM. For example, if the modulation scheme at the center of the second channel is 256QAM, the modulation scheme at the ends of the second channel can be BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, or 64QAM. For example, if the modulation scheme at the center of the second channel is 1024QAM, the modulation scheme at the ends of the second channel can be BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, or 256QAM.

[0389] Application of this example

[0390] Terminal device 50 can implement this example based on quasi-static information or dynamic configuration.

[0391] For example, terminal device 50 may apply this example if the value of cellBarredNTN notified via system information does not indicate that connection to NTN is prohibited (notBarred). On the other hand, terminal device 50 may not apply this example if the value of cellBarredNTN notified via system information indicates that connection to NTN is prohibited (Barred) or if cellBarredNTN is not notified.

[0392] For example, terminal device 50 may apply this example if system information for NTN is provided. On the other hand, terminal device 50 may not apply this example if system information for NTN is not provided.

[0393] For example, terminal device 50 may apply this example if RRC signaling for NTN has been notified. On the other hand, for example, this example may not be applied if RRC signaling for NTN has not been notified.

[0394] For example, terminal device 50 may apply this example if information about this example is provided in system information or RRC signaling used for NTN. Here, new fields for this example can be added, or information about this example can be added to existing fields.

[0395] The following is an example of a notification in the system information.

[0396]

[0397] The following is an example of a notification via RRC signaling (in the case of newly added fields).

[0398]

[0399] The following is an example of a notification via RRC signaling (in the case of adding to an existing field).

[0400]

[0401] The following is an example of a field description.

[0402] Field Description

[0403] ntn-Modulation-neighborRB:

[0404] The notification specifies the modulation order to be applied in more than one resource block near adjacent channels. If this notification is not present, the modulation order notified in the DCI is applied.

[0405] ntn-Modulation-numberOfNeighborRB:

[0406] Notify the number of resource blocks near adjacent channels. Apply the modulation order specified in "ntn-Modulation-neighborRB" to the number of resource blocks set in this notification. If this notification does not exist, apply the modulation order specified in DCI.

[0407] For example, if information about this example is notified in the DCI, terminal device 50 can apply this example. This notification is provided to terminal device 50, for example, from a base station (e.g., non-ground station 30).

[0408] The following is a definition example of information about this example (modulation and coding scheme for NTN neighbor RB).

[0409] Modulation and coding scheme for NTN neighboring RBs - 3-bit {bpsk-halfpi, bpsk, qpsk, qam16, qam64, qam256, qam1024}

[0410] 000: This example is not applied; instead, the MCS information provided in the "Modulation and Coding Scheme" section is applied.

[0411] 001: bpsk-halfpi

[0412] 010: bpsk

[0413] 011: qpsk

[0414] 100: qam16

[0415] 101: qam64

[0416] 110: qam256

[0417] 111: qam1024

[0418] Information about this example (modulation and coding scheme for NTN neighboring cells RB) can be based on information from the MCS index table. Figure 24 This is a diagram showing an example of an MCS index table.

[0419] The following is a definition example of information about this example (modulation and coding scheme for NTN neighboring cells RB).

[0420] Modulation and coding scheme for NTN neighboring RBs - 5 bits as defined in the table below

[0421] Here, the table below can be Figure 24The MCS index table shown.

[0422] 5-4. Example 4

[0423] Next, the operation of communication system 1 according to Example 4 will be described. In Example 4, the configuration for reducing interference is a configuration related to the use of the channel (resource). Terminal device 50 sets the channel end to an unavailable resource.

[0424] In this example, the channel used for terrestrial communication (hereinafter referred to as the first channel in this example) and the channel used for non-terrestrial communication (hereinafter referred to as the second channel in this example) are adjacent channels, for example... Figure 17 and Figure 18 As shown. It should be noted that the second channel can be a channel used for non-terrestrial uplink communication. In this case, descriptions of non-terrestrial communication appearing in the following description can be replaced by descriptions of non-terrestrial uplink communication.

[0425] As described above, the base station sends configuration information to the terminal device 50, including at least one of a first configuration related to wireless communication using a first channel and a second configuration related to wireless communication using a second channel. The terminal device 50 performs configuration for wireless communication using either the first or second channel based on the configuration information received from the base station.

[0426] In this example, the first configuration and the second configuration are different configurations. The first configuration is the configuration related to the use of the first channel, and the second configuration is the configuration related to the use of the second channel. Here, the first configuration is, for example, a configuration that uses the first channel as in the prior art (i.e., a configuration where the first channel is entirely a usable resource). The second configuration is, for example, a configuration where at least a portion of the second channel is an unavailable resource or a reserved resource. For example, the second configuration is a configuration where the ends of the second channel are unavailable resources or reserved resources. Here, the central portion of the second channel can be a usable resource, just like the first channel.

[0427] Here, unavailable resources are those not allocated as communication resources, and available resources are those allocated as communication resources. Reserved resources are resources that are temporarily available when predetermined conditions are met. For example, reserved resources are resources that are temporarily available until the timer expires when a timer is set.

[0428] The end of the second channel is, for example, one or more resource blocks near an adjacent channel (e.g., the first channel). The center of the second channel is, for example, one or more resource blocks that are not adjacent to any adjacent channel (e.g., the first channel).

[0429] As described above, the second configuration is a configuration in which at least a portion of the second channel is an unavailable resource. Figure 25This is a diagram used to describe the configuration related to the use of the second channel. For example, the end of the second channel may be a resource that has not been allocated as a communication resource. For example, the end of the second channel may be a set of resources that are set as reserved resources (i.e., resources that are not allocated as communication resources under normal conditions).

[0430] Application of this example

[0431] Terminal device 50 can implement this example based on quasi-static information or dynamic configuration.

[0432] For example, if the value of cellBarredNTN notified in the system information does not indicate that connection to NTN is prohibited (notBarred), the terminal device 50 may apply this example. On the other hand, if the value of cellBarredNTN notified in the system information indicates that connection to NTN is prohibited (Barred) or if cellBarredNTN is not notified, the terminal device 50 may not apply this example.

[0433] For example, terminal device 50 may apply this example if system information for NTN has been provided. On the other hand, terminal device 50 may not apply this example if system information for NTN has not been provided.

[0434] For example, this example can be applied to terminal device 50 if RRC signaling for NTN has been notified. On the other hand, this example may not be applied if, for example, RRC signaling for NTN has not been notified.

[0435] For example, if information about this example is provided in system information or RRC signaling for NTN, terminal device 50 can apply this example. Here, new fields can be added for this example, or information about this example can be added to existing fields.

[0436] The following is an example of a notification in the system information.

[0437]

[0438] The following is an example of a notification via RRC signaling (in the case of newly added fields).

[0439]

[0440] The following is an example of a notification via RRC signaling (in the case of adding to an existing field).

[0441]

[0442] The following is an example of a field description.

[0443] Field Description

[0444] ntn-Disable-RB: Set more than one resource block near an adjacent channel to an unavailable resource block. If this notification is not present, use all resource blocks.

[0445] ntn-Reserved-RB: Set one or more resource blocks near adjacent channels as reserved resource blocks. If this notification is not present, use all resource blocks.

[0446] ntn-Reserved-RB-Timer: Information about timers for one or more reserved resource blocks near adjacent channels from the time they enter the available state until the resource blocks become unavailable.

[0447] For example, information about the temporary availability of reserved resources can be notified to terminal device 50 from the base station (e.g., non-ground station 30) in the DCI. Upon receiving the information that reserved resources are temporarily available, terminal device 50 performs transmission and reception processing under the assumption that the pre-set reserved resources are temporarily available.

[0448] In this scenario, the temporary use of reserved resources can be communicated in advance from the base station (e.g., non-ground station 30) to the terminal device 50 via timer information. Upon receiving the information that the reserved resources are temporarily available, the terminal device 50 starts the timer. Then, the terminal device 50 makes the reserved resources available until the timer expires. When the timer expires, the terminal device 50 sets the reserved resources to unavailable.

[0449] 5-5. Example 5

[0450] Next, the operation of the communication system 1 according to Example 5 will be described. In the example above, a process for reducing the impact of interference (being interfered with) on non-terrestrial communication from terrestrial communication was shown. However, the process in this embodiment can be a process for reducing the impact of interference (being interfered with) on non-terrestrial communication from terrestrial communication.

[0451] For example, in Examples 1 to 4 above, the base station uses a configuration (second configuration) different from the prior art configuration related to wireless communication using a second channel. However, in this example, the base station uses a configuration (first configuration) different from the prior art configuration related to wireless communication using a first channel. Here, the first channel is a channel for terrestrial communication, and the second channel is a channel for non-terrestrial communication or a channel for non-terrestrial uplink communication.

[0452] As described above, the base station sends configuration information to the terminal device 50, including at least one of a first configuration related to wireless communication using a first channel and a second configuration related to wireless communication using a second channel. The first configuration and the second configuration may be different configurations. Based on the configuration information received from the base station, the terminal device 50 executes the configuration related to wireless communication using the first channel or the second channel.

[0453] Figure 26 This is a diagram used to describe the configuration associated with the first channel.

[0454] Example 5-1

[0455] For example, the first configuration is a configuration related to the minimum protection bandwidth of the first channel, and the second configuration is a configuration related to the minimum protection bandwidth of the second channel. Here, the second configuration may be a configuration where the minimum protection bandwidth of the second channel is the minimum protection bandwidth of the prior art shown in <3. Prior Art Interference Reduction Techniques>. The first configuration may be a configuration where the minimum protection bandwidth of the first channel is a newly set minimum protection bandwidth. For example, the first configuration may be a configuration where the minimum protection bandwidth of the first channel (the minimum protection bandwidth of at least one of the two protection bands) is wider than the second minimum protection bandwidth of the second channel (e.g., the minimum protection bandwidth of the prior art). For the remainder, the first configuration may be a configuration similar to the second configuration shown in Example 1 or 2. The second configuration may be a configuration similar to the first configuration shown in Example 1 or 2.

[0456] Example 5-2

[0457] For example, the first configuration is related to the modulation scheme of the first channel, and the second configuration is related to the modulation scheme of the second channel. Here, the second configuration is, for example, a configuration where the modulation scheme of the signal transmitted using the second channel is a prior art modulation scheme. The first configuration is, for example, a configuration where the modulation scheme at the ends of the first channel is a lower order modulation scheme than the modulation scheme at the center of the first channel. Here, the modulation scheme at the center of the first channel can be the same as the modulation scheme of the second channel (e.g., a modulation scheme used in prior art non-terrestrial communication), or it can be a lower order modulation scheme. For the remainder, the first configuration can be similar to the second configuration shown in Example 3. The second configuration can be similar to the first configuration shown in Example 3.

[0458] Example 5-3

[0459] For example, the first configuration is a configuration related to the use of the first channel, and the second configuration is a configuration related to the use of the second channel. Here, the second configuration is, for example, a configuration where the second channel is used as in the prior art (i.e., a configuration where the second channel as a whole is a usable resource). The first configuration is, for example, a configuration where at least a portion of the first channel is an unavailable resource or a reserved resource. For example, the first configuration is a configuration where the ends of the first channel are unavailable resources or reserved resources. Here, the central portion of the first channel can be a usable resource, just like the second channel. For the remaining portion, the first configuration can be a configuration similar to the second configuration shown in Example 4. The second configuration can be a configuration similar to the first configuration shown in Example 4.

[0460] Other examples

[0461] Note that in Examples 5-1 to 5-3 above, the first configuration can be similar to the first configuration shown in any of Examples 1 to 4 above. The first configuration can be a combination of the first configurations shown in one or more of Examples 1 to 4 above. In this case, the first configuration and the second configuration do not have to be different configurations.

[0462] 5-6. Example 6

[0463] Next, the operation of the communication system 1 according to Example 6 is described. In Examples 1 to 5, the configuration of both ends of the channel differs from the prior art. In this example, only the configuration of one end of the channel differs from the prior art.

[0464] 5-6-1. Configuration of the end of the second channel >

[0465] First, the configuration of the end of the second channel is described. As mentioned above, the second channel is a channel used for non-terrestrial communication or a channel used for non-terrestrial uplink communication.

[0466] For example, in Examples 1 to 4 above, the base station applies the configuration of this embodiment (increased guard band / low-order modulation configuration / unavailable resource configuration / reserved resource configuration) to both ends of the second channel. However, the base station may apply the configuration of this embodiment only to the ends of the second channel adjacent to the channel used for terrestrial communication (the first channel).

[0467] As described above, the base station sends configuration information to the terminal device 50, including at least one of a first configuration related to wireless communication using a first channel and a second configuration related to wireless communication using a second channel. Based on the configuration information received from the base station, the terminal device 50 executes the configuration related to wireless communication using the first channel or the second channel.

[0468] Figure 27This is a diagram used to describe the configuration associated with the second channel. Here, it is assumed that only one end (the first end) of the second channel (the first end) is adjacent to the first channel. In this case, the configuration (second configuration) associated with wireless communication using the second channel can be as follows.

[0469] Example 6-1

[0470] For example, the second configuration could be a second minimum protection bandwidth in which the minimum protection bandwidth of the guard band at both ends of the second channel adjacent only to the first channel (the first end) is wider than the first minimum protection bandwidth of the first channel. In this case, the minimum protection bandwidth of the guard band not adjacent to the first channel (the second end) could be the first minimum protection bandwidth. The method for calculating the first minimum protection bandwidth and / or the second minimum protection bandwidth can be similar to the calculation method shown in Example 1 or 2.

[0471] Example 6-2

[0472] For example, the second configuration may be one in which the modulation scheme of only the ends of the second channel adjacent to the first channel (the first ends) is a lower-order modulation scheme than that of the center of the second channel. In this case, the modulation scheme of the ends not adjacent to the first channel (the second ends) may be the same as that of the center. The modulation scheme of the first ends may be similar to that of the ends of the second channel shown in Example 3. The modulation schemes of the second ends and / or the center may be similar to that of the center of the second channel shown in Example 3.

[0473] Example 6-3

[0474] For example, the second configuration could be one in which only the end adjacent to the first channel (the first end) at both ends of the second channel is an unavailable resource or a reserved resource. In this case, the end not adjacent to the first channel (the second end) can be an available resource. Unavailable resources can be similar to those shown in Example 4. Reserved resources can be similar to those shown in Example 4.

[0475] 5-6-2. Configuration of the end of the first channel

[0476] First, the configuration of the end of the first channel is described.

[0477] For example, in Example 5 above, the base station applies the configuration of this embodiment (increased guard band / low-order modulation configuration / unavailable resource configuration / reserved resource configuration) to both ends of the first channel. However, the base station may apply the configuration of this embodiment only to adjacent ends of the first channel. The second channel is a channel for non-terrestrial communication or a channel for non-terrestrial uplink communication.

[0478] As described above, the base station sends configuration information to the terminal device 50, including at least one of a first configuration related to wireless communication using the first channel and a second configuration related to wireless communication using the second channel. The terminal device 50 performs the configuration for wireless communication using either the first channel or the second channel based on the configuration information received from the base station.

[0479] Figure 28 This is a diagram used to describe the configuration associated with the first channel. Here, it is assumed that only one end (the first end) of the first channel (the first end and the second end) is adjacent to the second channel. In this case, the first configuration can be as follows.

[0480] Example 6-4

[0481] For example, the first configuration could be a first minimum protection bandwidth in which the minimum protection bandwidth of the guard band adjacent only to the second channel at both ends of the first channel is a first minimum protection bandwidth that is wider than the second minimum protection bandwidth of the second channel. In this case, the minimum protection bandwidth of the guard band not adjacent to the second channel could be the second minimum protection bandwidth. The first minimum protection bandwidth could be similar to the first minimum protection bandwidth shown in Example 5. The second minimum protection bandwidth and / or the second minimum protection bandwidth could be similar to the second minimum protection bandwidth shown in Example 5.

[0482] Example 6-5

[0483] For example, the first configuration may be one in which the modulation scheme of only the end adjacent to the second channel (the first end) of the first channel is a lower-order modulation scheme than the modulation scheme of the center of the first channel. In this case, the modulation scheme of the end not adjacent to the second channel (the second end) may be the same as the modulation scheme of the center. The modulation scheme of the first end may be similar to the modulation scheme of the end of the first channel shown in Example 5. The modulation scheme of the second end and / or the center may be similar to the modulation scheme of the center of the second channel shown in Example 5.

[0484] Example 6-6

[0485] For example, the first configuration could be one in which only the end adjacent to the second channel (the first end) of the first channel is an unavailable resource or a reserved resource. In this case, the end not adjacent to the second channel (the second end) could be an available resource. The unavailable resource could be similar to the unavailable resource shown in Example 5. The reserved resource could be similar to the reserved resource shown in Example 5.

[0486] 5-7. Example 7

[0487] Next, the operation of communication system 1 according to Example 7 will be described.

[0488] Whether ground station 20 and non-ground station 30 perform communication in the same frequency band can be determined based on the deployment of the cell of ground station 20 using the same frequency as non-ground station 30 or the orbit of non-ground station 30. For example, suppose that a cell of ground station 20 using the same frequency band as that used by non-ground station 30 exists within the cell of non-ground station 30. In this case, ground station 20 and non-ground station 30 can perform communication in the same frequency band. Furthermore, for example, suppose that a cell of ground station 20 using the same frequency band as that used by non-ground station 30 exists on the orbit of non-ground station 30. In this case, ground station 20 and non-ground station 30 can perform communication in the same frequency band.

[0489] In a communication environment that includes ground station 20 and non-ground station 30 in a hybrid manner, there are cases where ground station 20 and non-ground station 30 communicate in the same frequency band and cases where ground station 20 and non-ground station 30 communicate in different frequency bands. Considering the mobility of non-ground station 30, a handover will occur between communication in the same frequency band and communication in different frequency bands.

[0490] The operation of the communication system 1 according to this example is described below in two modes. Note that in the following description, one or more controls described in the above examples (Examples 1 to 6) are referred to as the controls shown in this embodiment.

[0491] 5-7-1. Mode 1

[0492] First, the handover from "a cell in which ground station 20 and non-ground station 30 perform communication in the same frequency band" to "a cell in which ground station 20 and non-ground station 30 perform communication in different frequency bands" is described.

[0493] Example 7-1

[0494] For example, if a cell of ground station 20 using the same frequency as non-ground station 30 exists within a cell formed on the ground by non-ground station 30, the communication device can apply the control shown in this embodiment. Here, the communication device can be a base station (ground station 20 and / or non-ground station 30) or a terminal device 50.

[0495] Subsequently, if the non-ground station 30 moves and the cell of the ground station 20 using the same frequency as the non-ground station 30 does not exist in the cell formed by the non-ground station 30 on the ground, the communication device can disable the application of the control shown in this embodiment. Alternatively, if the non-ground station 30 moves and the cell of the ground station 20 using a different frequency than the non-ground station 30 exists in the cell formed by the non-ground station 30 on the ground, the communication device can disable the application of the control shown in this embodiment.

[0496] In this scenario, the base station (e.g., non-ground station 30) can send control information to the terminal device 50 to notify a switch from "a cell where ground station 20 and non-ground station 30 communicate in the same frequency band" to "a cell where ground station 20 and non-ground station 30 communicate in different frequency bands." The base station can execute this notification, for example, in system information, RRC signaling, MAC CE, or DCI.

[0497] Example 7-2

[0498] There is a possibility that a switchover may occur due to the movement of the terminal device 50, resulting in a cell where "ground station 20 and non-ground station 30 communicate in the same frequency band" to "ground station 20 and non-ground station 30 communicate in different frequency bands". In this case, the communication device can apply the control shown in this embodiment. Here, the communication device can be a base station (ground station 20 and / or non-ground station 30) or terminal device 50.

[0499] In this scenario, the base station (e.g., non-ground station 30) can send a notification (e.g., control information) to the terminal device 50 regarding a handover from a cell where "ground station 20 and non-ground station 30 communicate in the same frequency band" to a cell where "ground station 20 and non-ground station 30 communicate in different frequency bands." The base station can execute this notification, which may be included in a handover command, etc. Alternatively, the base station can execute this notification in, for example, system information, RRC signaling, MAC CE, or DCI.

[0500] 5-7-2. Mode 2

[0501] Next, the handover from "a cell in which ground station 20 and non-ground station 30 perform communication in different frequency bands" to "a cell in which ground station 20 and non-ground station 30 perform communication in the same frequency band" will be described.

[0502] Example 7-3

[0503] For example, if there is no cell in which ground station 20 uses the same frequency as non-ground station 30, the communication device can disable the application of the control shown in this example. Alternatively, if non-ground station 30 moves and there is a cell in the ground formed by non-ground station 30 where ground station 20 uses a different frequency than non-ground station 30, the application of the control shown in this example can be disabled. Here, the communication device can be a base station (ground station 20 and / or non-ground station 30) or terminal device 50.

[0504] Subsequently, if the non-ground station 30 moves and there is a cell in the ground cell formed by the non-ground station 30 that uses the same frequency as the non-ground station 30, the communication device can apply the control shown in this example.

[0505] In this scenario, the base station (e.g., non-ground station 30) can send control information to the terminal device 50 to notify a switch from "a cell where ground station 20 and non-ground station 30 communicate in different frequency bands" to "a cell where ground station 20 and non-ground station 30 communicate in the same frequency band." The base station can execute this notification, for example, in system information, RRC signaling, MAC CE, or DCI.

[0506] Example 7-4

[0507] There is a possibility that the cell may switch from "a cell where ground station 20 and non-ground station 30 communicate in different frequency bands" to "a cell where ground station 20 and non-ground station 30 communicate in the same frequency band" due to the movement of terminal device 50. In this case, the communication device can apply the control shown in this example. Here, the communication device can be a base station (ground station 20 and / or non-ground station 30) or terminal device 50.

[0508] In this scenario, the base station (e.g., non-ground station 30) can send a notification (e.g., control information) to the terminal device 50 regarding the handover from a cell where "ground station 20 and non-ground station 30 communicate in different frequency bands" to a cell where "ground station 20 and non-ground station 30 communicate in the same frequency band." The base station can execute this notification in a handover command, etc. Alternatively, the base station can execute this notification in, for example, system information, RRC signaling, MAC CE, or DCI.

[0509] 5-7-3. Variation Example

[0510] This example is not limited to the same frequency band. It also applies to adjacent frequency bands. In this case, the description of "same frequency band" can be replaced with "adjacent frequency band," and the description of "different frequency band" can be replaced with "non-adjacent frequency band" or "separate frequency band."

[0511] 6. Sequence Examples

[0512] Next, sequence examples related to the examples above (Examples 1 to 7) are described.

[0513] The base station and terminal equipment 50 may combine to execute one or more of the sequences described later. In this sequence example, the base station may be a ground station 20 or a non-ground station 30. In this sequence example, it is assumed that a first channel for terrestrial communication and a second channel for non-terrestrial communication or non-terrestrial uplink communication are adjacent to each other.

[0514] 6-1. Sequence Example 1

[0515] Figure 29This is a diagram illustrating an example sequence of configuration processing. In sequence 1, the configuration associated with the minimum protection band shown in examples 1, 2, 5, or 6 is performed. References will be made below. Figure 29 The description is based on the configuration of Sequence 1.

[0516] First, the base station sends configuration information, including information about the minimum guard band, to the terminal device 50 (step S101). The base station may send the minimum guard band information in system information, RRC signaling, MAC CE, or DCI.

[0517] Here, the information regarding the minimum guard band can be the information about the second configuration shown in Examples 1, 2, or 6, or the information about the first configuration shown in Examples 5 or 6. For example, the information regarding the minimum guard band can be a configuration related to the method for calculating the minimum guard band width (e.g., minimum guard band offset information), or a configuration related to the maximum transmit bandwidth configuration (e.g., the maximum transmit bandwidth configuration table).

[0518] Terminal device 50 receives configuration information from the base station. Then, terminal device 50 determines whether the configuration included in the configuration information is applicable (step S102). For example, terminal device 50 determines whether it has the capability to execute the configuration notified in the configuration information (the second configuration shown in Examples 1, 2, or 6, or the first configuration shown in Examples 5 or 6). If the configuration notified in the configuration information is not applicable (step S102: No), terminal device 50 ends the configuration process.

[0519] If the configuration included in the configuration information is applicable (step S102: Yes), the terminal device 50 sets the minimum protection band based on the configuration information (step S103). When the configuration is completed, the terminal device 50 ends the configuration process.

[0520] After the configuration process is completed, the terminal device 50 performs transmission or reception processing for wireless communication with other communication devices (e.g., non-ground station 30) based on the new configuration.

[0521] 6-2. Sequence Example 2

[0522] Figure 30 This is a diagram illustrating other examples of the configuration processing sequence. In sequence 2, the configuration associated with the minimum protection band shown in examples 1, 2, 5, or 6 is also performed. Unlike sequence example 1, in sequence 2, no applicable determination is performed. References will be made below. Figure 30 The description is based on the configuration of sequence 2.

[0523] First, the base station sends configuration information, including information about the minimum guard band, to the terminal device 50 (step S101). The terminal device 50 receives the configuration information from the base station. Then, the terminal device 50 sets the minimum guard band based on the configuration information (step S103). When the configuration is complete, the terminal device 50 ends the configuration process. After the configuration process is completed, the terminal device 50 performs transmission or reception processing for wireless communication with other communication devices (e.g., non-ground station 30) based on the new configuration.

[0524] 6-3. Sequence Example 3

[0525] Figure 31 These are diagrams illustrating other examples of configuration processing sequences. In sequence 3, configurations related to the modulation schemes shown in examples 3, 5, or 6 are performed. References will be made below. Figure 31 The description is based on the configuration of sequence 3.

[0526] First, the base station sends configuration information, including information about the modulation scheme, to the terminal device 50 (step S201). The base station may send the modulation scheme information in system information, RRC signaling, MAC CE, or DCI.

[0527] Here, the information regarding the modulation scheme can be information about the second configuration shown in Example 3 or 6, or information about the first configuration shown in Example 5 or 6. For example, the information regarding the modulation scheme can be modulation order information applied at the channel end.

[0528] Terminal device 50 receives configuration information from the base station. Then, terminal device 50 determines whether the configuration included in the configuration information is applicable (step S202). For example, terminal device 50 determines whether it has the capability to execute the configuration notified in the configuration information (the second configuration shown in Example 3 or 6, or the first configuration shown in Example 5 or 6). If the configuration notified in the configuration information is not applicable (step S202: No), terminal device 50 ends the configuration process.

[0529] If the configuration included in the configuration information is applicable (step S202: Yes), the terminal device 50 sets the modulation method based on the configuration information (step S203). When the configuration is completed, the terminal device 50 ends the configuration process.

[0530] After the configuration process is completed, the terminal device 50 performs transmission or reception processing for wireless communication with other communication devices (e.g., non-ground station 30) based on the new configuration.

[0531] 6-4. Sequence Example 4

[0532] Figure 32This is a diagram illustrating other examples of the sequence of configuration processing. In sequence 4, the configuration related to the modulation scheme shown in examples 3, 5, or 6 is also performed. Unlike sequence example 3, in sequence 4, no applicable determination is performed. Referring below... Figure 32 The description is based on the configuration of sequence 4.

[0533] First, the base station sends configuration information, including information about the modulation scheme (a new configuration different from the prior art), to the terminal device 50 (step S201). The terminal device 50 receives the configuration information from the base station. Then, the terminal device 50 sets the modulation scheme based on the configuration information (step S203). When the configuration is complete, the terminal device 50 ends the configuration process. After the configuration process is completed, the terminal device 50 performs transmission or reception processing for wireless communication with other communication devices (e.g., non-ground station 30) based on the new configuration.

[0534] 6-5. Sequence Example 5

[0535] Figure 33 This is a diagram illustrating other examples of the sequence of configuration processing. In sequence 5, the configuration related to the unavailable resources shown in examples 4, 5, or 6 is performed. (Refer to the following...) Figure 33 The description is based on the configuration of sequence 5.

[0536] First, the base station sends configuration information, including information about unavailable resources, to the terminal device 50 (step S301). The base station may send the information about unavailable resources in system information, RRC signaling, MAC CE, or DCI.

[0537] Here, the information about unavailable resources can be information about the second configuration shown in Example 4 or 6, or information about the first configuration shown in Example 5 or 6. For example, the information about unavailable resources could be a configuration in which the channel end is an unavailable resource.

[0538] Terminal device 50 receives configuration information from the base station. Then, terminal device 50 determines whether the configuration included in the configuration information is applicable (step S302). For example, terminal device 50 determines whether it has the capability to execute the configuration notified in the configuration information (the second configuration shown in Example 4 or 6, or the first configuration shown in Example 5 or 6). If the configuration notified in the configuration information is not applicable (step S302: No), terminal device 50 ends the configuration process.

[0539] If the configuration included in the configuration information applies (step S302: Yes), the terminal device 50 sets unavailable resources based on the configuration information (step S303). When the configuration is completed, the terminal device 50 ends the configuration process.

[0540] After the configuration process is completed, the terminal device 50 performs transmission or reception processing for wireless communication with other communication devices (e.g., non-ground station 30) based on the new configuration.

[0541] 6-6. Sequence Example 6

[0542] Figure 34 This is a diagram illustrating other examples of the sequence of configuration processing. In sequence 6, the configuration related to the unavailable resources shown in examples 4, 5, or 6 is also performed. Unlike sequence example 5, in sequence 6, no applicable determination is performed. Referring below... Figure 34 The description is based on the configuration of sequence 6.

[0543] First, the base station sends configuration information, including information about the modulation scheme (a new configuration different from existing technologies), to the terminal device 50 (step S301). The terminal device 50 receives the configuration information from the base station. Then, the terminal device 50 sets unavailable resources based on the configuration information (step S303). When the configuration is complete, the terminal device 50 ends the configuration process. After the configuration process is completed, the terminal device 50 performs transmission or reception processing for wireless communication with other communication devices (e.g., non-ground station 30) based on the new configuration.

[0544] 6-7. Sequence Example 7

[0545] Figure 35 This is a diagram illustrating other examples of the sequence of configuration processing. In sequence 7, the configuration related to the reserved resources shown in examples 4, 5, or 6 is performed. Reserved resources are resources that are temporarily available when predetermined conditions are met. For example, a reserved resource is a resource that is temporarily available until the timer expires when a timer is set. Referring below... Figure 35 The description is based on the configuration of sequence 7.

[0546] First, the base station sends configuration information, including information about reserved resources, to the terminal device 50 (step S401). The base station may send the information about reserved resources in system information, RRC signaling, MAC CE, or DCI.

[0547] Here, the information regarding reserved resources can be information about the second configuration shown in Example 4 or 6, or information about the first configuration shown in Example 5 or 6. For example, the information regarding reserved resources could be a configuration where the channel end is a reserved resource.

[0548] Terminal device 50 receives configuration information from the base station. Then, terminal device 50 determines whether the configuration included in the configuration information is applicable (step S402). For example, terminal device 50 determines whether it has the capability to execute the configuration notified in the configuration information (the second configuration shown in Example 4 or 6, or the first configuration shown in Example 5 or 6). If the configuration notified in the configuration information is not applicable (step S402: No), terminal device 50 ends the configuration process.

[0549] If the configuration included in the configuration information is applicable (step S402: Yes), the terminal device 50 sets reserved resources based on the configuration information (step S403). When the configuration is completed, the terminal device 50 ends the configuration process.

[0550] After the configuration process is completed, the terminal device 50 performs transmission or reception processing for wireless communication with other communication devices (e.g., non-ground station 30) based on the new configuration.

[0551] 6-8. Sequence Example 8

[0552] Figure 36 This is a diagram illustrating other examples of the sequence of configuration processing. In sequence 8, the configuration related to the reserved resources shown in examples 4, 5, or 6 is also performed. Unlike sequence example 7, no adaptation decision is performed in sequence 8. Referring below... Figure 36 The description is based on the configuration of sequence 8.

[0553] First, the base station sends configuration information, including information about the modulation scheme (a new configuration different from existing technologies), to the terminal device 50 (step S401). The terminal device 50 receives the configuration information from the base station. Then, the terminal device 50 sets reserved resources based on the configuration information (step S403). When the configuration is complete, the terminal device 50 ends the configuration process. After the configuration process is completed, the terminal device 50 performs transmission or reception processing for wireless communication with other communication devices (e.g., non-ground station 30) based on the new configuration.

[0554] 6-9. Sequence Example 9

[0555] Figure 37 This is a diagram illustrating an example sequence of communication processing. In sequence 9, a timer is set for using reserved resources. It is assumed that in sequence 9, the reserved resources are resources temporarily available until the timer expires, provided the timer is set. The following refers to... Figure 37 The description is based on the configuration of sequence 9.

[0556] First, the base station sends information about a timer used for reserving resources to the terminal device 50 (step S501). The base station may send the information about the timer used for reserving resources in system information, RRC signaling, MAC CE, or DCI.

[0557] The base station also notifies the terminal device 50 that the reserved resources are temporarily available (step S502). This notification can be executed dynamically. For example, the base station can perform this notification in the DCI.

[0558] Terminal device 50 receives information from the base station regarding a timer used for reserving resources. Terminal device 50 also receives a notification from the base station indicating that the reserved resources are temporarily available. Upon receiving this notification, terminal device 50 sets the reserved resources as available resources (step S503). Then, terminal device 50 sets and starts the timer based on the information regarding the timer used for reserving resources (step S504). When the timer is started, terminal device 50 performs transmission or reception processing using the reserved resources as available resources (step S505).

[0559] Subsequently, the terminal device 50 determines whether the timer has expired (step S506). If the timer has not expired (step S506: No), the terminal device 50 returns the process to step S505.

[0560] If the timer expires (step S506: Yes), the terminal device 50 sets the reserved resource to an unavailable resource (step S507). Then, the terminal device 50 performs the sending or receiving process with the reserved resource as an unavailable resource (step S508).

[0561] 6-10. Sequence Example 10

[0562] Figure 38 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the generation process sequence. In sequence 10, configuration information as shown in the examples above (at least one of examples 1 to 7) is generated based on UE capability information. The following refers to... Figure 38 The description is based on the generation process of sequence 9.

[0563] First, the terminal device 50 sends its own UE capability information to the base station (step S601). The UE capability information includes information about whether the above examples (at least one of examples 1 to 7) are applicable.

[0564] The base station receives UE capability information from the terminal device 50. Then, the base station determines, based on the UE capability information, whether the above examples (at least one of examples 1 to 7) are applicable to the terminal device 50 (step S602). If the above examples are not applicable (step S602: No), the terminal device 50 ends the generation process.

[0565] When the above examples apply (step S602: Yes), the base station performs application-related processing based on the UE capability information. For example, the base station generates configuration information as shown in the above examples (at least one of examples 1 to 7) (step S603). When generation is complete, the base station sends the configuration information to the terminal device 50.

[0566] 7. Variations

[0567] The above embodiments are merely examples, and various modifications and applications are possible.

[0568] For example, in the above embodiments (Examples 1 to 7), the first configuration and the second configuration are different configurations, but the first configuration and the second configuration can be the same configuration. For example, assume that both the first configuration and the second configuration are configurations related to guard bands. In this case, the first minimum protection bandwidth of one or more guard bands of the first channel and the second minimum protection bandwidth of one or more guard bands of the second channel can have the same configuration. In this case, the configuration can be a configuration where both the first minimum protection bandwidth and the second minimum protection bandwidth are wider than the configuration of the prior art shown in <3. Prior Art Interference Reduction Technology>.

[0569] The first configuration can be any combination of the first configurations shown in one or more of the examples 1 to 7 above. Similarly, the second configuration can be any combination of the second configurations shown in one or more of the examples 1 to 7 above.

[0570] In the above embodiment, the base station generates configuration information to be sent to the terminal device 50, but devices other than the base station can also generate configuration information. For example, the management device 10, the relay station 40, or the terminal device 50 can generate configuration information.

[0571] The wireless communication addressed by the configuration information is not limited to wireless communication (uplink and / or downlink communication) between the base station and terminal device 50. The wireless communication addressed by the configuration information can be communication between terminal device 50 and other terminal devices 50 (sidelink communication). Of course, the wireless communication addressed by the configuration information can also be wireless communication between the base station and other base stations.

[0572] The wireless communication targeted by the configuration information is not limited to unicast communication. For example, the wireless communication targeted by the configuration information can be multicast communication or broadband communication.

[0573] In the above embodiments, the second channel is a channel used for non-terrestrial communication or a channel used for non-terrestrial uplink communication. However, the second channel is not limited to this and can be, for example, a channel used for non-terrestrial downlink communication or a channel used for non-terrestrial side link communication (e.g., communication between non-terrestrial stations 30). In this case, the "non-terrestrial communication" or "non-terrestrial uplink communication" described in the above embodiments can be replaced with "non-terrestrial downlink communication" or "non-terrestrial side link communication".

[0574] In the above embodiments, the first channel is a channel for terrestrial communication. However, the first channel is not limited to this and may be, for example, a channel for terrestrial uplink communication, a channel for terrestrial downlink communication, or a channel for terrestrial side link communication. In this case, "terrestrial communication" described in the above embodiments can be replaced by "terrestrial uplink communication" or "terrestrial downlink communication".

[0575] Note that the first channel can be a channel used for non-terrestrial communication. In this case, the first channel can be a channel used for non-terrestrial communication (non-terrestrial uplink and non-terrestrial downlink), a channel used for non-terrestrial uplink communication, a channel used for non-terrestrial downlink communication, or a channel used for terrestrial downlink communication. In this case, "terrestrial communication" described in the above embodiments can be replaced by "terrestrial uplink communication," "terrestrial downlink communication," or "terrestrial side link communication."

[0576] In the above embodiments, terminal device 50 is a ground-based communication device (ground station), but terminal device 50 is not limited to ground-based communication devices. Terminal device 50 can be a non-ground station (e.g., a satellite station or aircraft station).

[0577] Furthermore, the wireless communication addressed by the configuration information is not limited to communication between the communication device generating or sending the configuration information and other communication devices (e.g., communication between a base station and terminal device 50). The wireless communication addressed by the configuration information can be communication between other communication devices. For example, suppose the base station is the communication device generating or sending the configuration information. In this case, the base station can generate or send configuration information for communication between terminal device 50 and other terminal devices 50 (i.e., sidelink communication).

[0578] The control equipment that controls the management device 10, ground station 20, non-ground station 30, relay station 40 and terminal device 50 according to this embodiment can be implemented by a dedicated computer system or a general-purpose computer system.

[0579] For example, a communication program for performing the above-described operations is stored on a computer-readable recording medium such as an optical disc, semiconductor memory, magnetic tape, or floppy disk for distribution. Then, for example, the program is installed in a computer and performs the above-described processing, thereby constituting a control device. In this case, the control device can be an external device (e.g., a personal computer) of the management device 10, ground station 20, non-ground station 30, relay station 40, or terminal device 50. The control device can also be an internal device (e.g., control unit 13, control unit 23, control unit 33, control unit 43, or control unit 53) of the management device 10, ground station 20, non-ground station 30, relay station 40, or terminal device 50.

[0580] Furthermore, the aforementioned program can be stored on a disk drive included in a server on a network such as the Internet, making it downloadable to computers, etc. This functionality can be achieved through the collaboration of an operating system (OS) and application software. In this case, the parts other than the OS can be stored on a distribution medium, or the parts other than the OS can be stored on a server device, making it downloadable to computers, etc.

[0581] Furthermore, in the processing operations described in the above embodiments, all or some processing operations described as automatically executed can be performed manually, or all or some processing operations described as manually executed can be automatically executed by known methods. Additionally, unless otherwise stated, the processing procedures, specific names, and information including various data and parameters can be arbitrarily changed. For example, the various information illustrated is not limited to the information shown.

[0582] Furthermore, the components of the illustrated devices are functionally conceptual and not necessarily physically configured as shown. That is, the specific distribution and integration of the devices are not limited to the illustrated form, and all or part of the devices can be configured to be functionally or physically distributed or integrated in any unit, depending on various loads, usage conditions, etc. Note that configurations through distribution and integration can be dynamically executed.

[0583] The above embodiments can be combined as appropriate without causing inconsistencies in the processing details. The order of the steps shown in the flowcharts or sequence diagrams of the above embodiments can be changed as appropriate.

[0584] For example, each of these embodiments can be implemented as any configuration constituting an apparatus or system, such as a processor as a system-wide integrated circuit (LSI), a module that uses multiple processors, a unit that uses multiple modules, a collection of units that include additional functions to which it is attached (i.e., a configuration of a part of an apparatus).

[0585] Any function implemented by any component described in this specification can be implemented on a circuit or processing circuit programmed to implement the described function. Here, the circuit or processing circuit can be a general-purpose processor, a special-purpose processor, an integrated circuit, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a central processing unit (CPU), conventional circuitry, and / or any combination thereof. A processor includes transistors and other circuitry. A processor can be considered as a circuit or processing circuit. A processor can be a programmed processor that executes a program stored in memory.

[0586] In this specification, a circuit, unit, or device can be hardware programmed to implement or perform the described functions. The hardware can be any hardware disclosed herein or any hardware known to be programmed to implement or perform the described functions. Where the hardware is considered a processor of a circuit type, the circuit, means, or device can be a combination of hardware and software used to configure the hardware and / or processor.

[0587] Furthermore, this embodiment can be implemented in any configuration constituting an apparatus or system. For example, this embodiment can be implemented as a processor such as a system-wide integrated circuit (LSI), a module using multiple processors, a unit using multiple modules, or a collection of units that include adding other functions thereto. That is, this embodiment can be implemented as a configuration that is part of an apparatus.

[0588] A system LSI can be referred to as a system-on-a-chip (SoC). In other words, the various devices described above or later (e.g., management device 10, ground station 20, non-ground station 30, relay station 40, and terminal device 50) can be interpreted as processors (e.g., CPUs) of a system LSI (e.g., SoC) or modules that use or constitute a processor. Alternatively or additionally, this embodiment can be implemented by any configuration constituting the device or system (e.g., a modem chip (baseband chip), a radio frequency (RF) unit, or a combination thereof). An RF unit may include at least one of RF circuitry and an RF front end. In other words, the various devices described above or later can be interpreted as a modem chip (baseband chip) or an RF unit, or a combination thereof. Alternatively or additionally, the various devices described above or later can be interpreted as modules that use or constitute a modem chip or an RF unit.

[0589] The modem chip performs signal processing related to communication in the apparatus (including the apparatus described above or below). The modem chip may include at least one function of a modulator or demodulator. The RF unit may include at least one function of an RF transceiver (RF up-converter, RF down-converter), a power amplifier, and a low-noise amplifier. The RF transceiver converts baseband signals to RF frequencies or vice versa. The power amplifier performs amplification for signals transmitted from the antenna. The low-noise amplifier amplifies weak signals received from the antenna. Alternatively or additionally, the RF unit (especially the RF front end) may include at least one of the aforementioned power amplifier, low-noise amplifier, envelope tracker, filter, duplexer, multiplexer, antenna switch, and antenna tuner.

[0590] A combination of a modem chip and an RF unit can be referred to as a modem-RF system. At least a portion of the modem chip, RF unit, or combination thereof may be included in a system LSI (e.g., a SoC). For example, the system LSI may implement processes performed by at least a portion of the modem chip, RF unit, or combination thereof (e.g., at least a portion of MAC layer processing / PHY layer processing). Here, MAC layer processing or PHY layer processing may be at least a portion of the processing performed by the means in the embodiments described above or later (e.g., management device 10, ground station 20, non-ground station 30, relay station 40, and terminal device 50).

[0591] It is important to note that in this embodiment, "system" refers to a collection of multiple components (devices, modules (parts), etc.), and it is not important whether all components are housed in the same housing. Therefore, "system" can refer to both multiple devices housed in a single housing and connected via a network, and a single device containing multiple modules.

[0592] Furthermore, for example, this embodiment may employ a cloud computing configuration, in which multiple devices perform the processing of a function in a shared and collaborative manner via a network.

[0593] 8. Conclusion

[0594] As described above, the communication system 1 of this embodiment includes a base station and a terminal device 50. The base station sends configuration information to the terminal device 50, including at least one of a first configuration related to wireless communication using a first channel and a second configuration related to wireless communication using a second channel adjacent to the first channel. The first channel is a channel for terrestrial communication. The second channel is a channel for non-terrestrial communication or a channel for non-terrestrial uplink communication. The first channel and the second channel are adjacent channels. The first configuration and the second configuration are different configurations. The terminal device 50 executes the configuration for wireless communication using the first channel or the second channel based on the configuration information received from the base station.

[0595] In other words, in this embodiment, a second configuration for communication using a second channel (non-terrestrial communication) is prepared separately from the first configuration for communication using the first channel (terrestrial communication). This allows the configuration to be tailored to the channel to be used (e.g., based on interference reduction configuration according to the state of the channel to be used), thereby enabling the communication system 1 to achieve high-performance communication.

[0596] As described above, the configuration information includes at least one configuration of the second configuration. Here, it is assumed that the configuration information includes the second configuration. In this case, the second configuration may include a configuration where the minimum protection bandwidth of at least one guard band of the second channel is wider than the minimum protection bandwidth of the first channel. Alternatively, the second configuration may include a configuration where the modulation scheme at at least one end of the second channel is a lower-order modulation scheme than the modulation scheme at the center of the second channel. Alternatively, the second configuration may include a configuration where at least one end of the second channel is an unavailable resource or a reserved resource.

[0597] This suppresses interference received by non-terrestrial communication (second channel) from terrestrial communication. As a result, communication system 1 can achieve high-performance communication.

[0598] Assume the configuration information includes a first configuration. In this case, the first configuration may include a configuration where the minimum guard bandwidth of at least one guard band of the first channel is wider than the minimum guard bandwidth of the second channel. Alternatively, the first configuration may include a configuration where the modulation scheme of at least one end of the first channel is a lower-order modulation scheme than the modulation scheme of the center of the second channel. Alternatively, the first configuration may include a configuration where at least one end of the first channel is an unavailable resource or a reserved resource.

[0599] This suppresses interference from terrestrial communication to non-terrestrial communication (second channel). As a result, communication system 1 can achieve high-performance communication.

[0600] Furthermore, the effects of the embodiments described in this specification are merely illustrative and not limiting, and may produce other effects.

[0601] It should be noted that this technology can also have the following configurations.

[0602] (1) A base station, comprising: The transmitting unit sends configuration information to a terminal device performing wireless communication using a first channel for terrestrial communication or a second channel for non-terrestrial communication or non-terrestrial uplink communication. The configuration information includes at least one of a first configuration related to wireless communication using the first channel and a second configuration related to wireless communication using the second channel. The first channel and the second channel are adjacent channels, and The first configuration and the second configuration are different configurations.

[0603] (2) According to the base station described in (1), wherein

[0604] The configuration information includes a second configuration that is different from the first configuration.

[0605] (3) The base station according to (2), wherein

[0606] The second channel is used for non-terrestrial uplink communication.

[0607] (4) The base station according to (2) or (3), wherein

[0608] The second configuration is a configuration related to the minimum protection bandwidth of the second channel, and

[0609] The second configuration includes the following configuration: the minimum protection bandwidth of at least one guard band of the second channel is a second minimum protection bandwidth that is wider than the first minimum protection bandwidth of the first channel.

[0610] (5) The base station according to (4), wherein

[0611] The second configuration is as follows: among the guard bands at both ends of the second channel, the minimum guard bandwidth of the guard band adjacent only to the channel used for terrestrial communication is the second minimum guard bandwidth.

[0612] (6) The base station according to (2) or (3), wherein

[0613] The second configuration is a configuration related to the modulation scheme of the second channel, and

[0614] The second configuration includes the following configuration: the modulation scheme of at least one end of the second channel is a lower order modulation scheme than the modulation scheme of the center of the second channel.

[0615] (7) The base station according to (6), wherein

[0616] The second configuration is as follows: at both ends of the second channel, only the end adjacent to the channel used for terrestrial communication uses a lower-order modulation scheme than the modulation scheme of the center.

[0617] (8) The base station according to (2) or (3), wherein

[0618] The second configuration is a configuration related to the use of the second channel, and

[0619] The second configuration includes the following configuration: at least one end of the second channel is an unavailable resource or a reserved resource.

[0620] (9) The base station according to (8), wherein

[0621] The second configuration is as follows: at both ends of the second channel, only the end adjacent to the channel used for terrestrial communication is an unavailable resource or a reserved resource.

[0622] (10) The base station according to (1), wherein

[0623] The configuration information includes the first configuration, which is different from the second configuration.

[0624] (11) The base station according to (10), wherein

[0625] The second channel is used for non-terrestrial uplink communication.

[0626] (12) The base station according to (10) or (11), wherein

[0627] The first configuration is a configuration related to the minimum protection bandwidth of the first channel, and

[0628] The first configuration includes the following configuration: the minimum protection bandwidth of at least one guard band of the first channel is a first minimum protection bandwidth that is wider than the second minimum protection bandwidth of the second channel.

[0629] (13) The base station according to (12), wherein

[0630] The first configuration is as follows: among the guard bands at both ends of the first channel, the minimum guard band of the guard band adjacent only to the channel used for non-terrestrial communication or non-terrestrial uplink communication is the first minimum guard band.

[0631] (14) The base station according to (10) or (11), wherein

[0632] The first configuration is a configuration related to the modulation scheme of the first channel, and

[0633] The first configuration includes the following configuration: the modulation scheme of at least one end of the first channel is a lower order modulation scheme than the modulation scheme of the center of the first channel.

[0634] (15) The base station according to (14), wherein

[0635] The first configuration is as follows: at both ends of the first channel, only the end adjacent to the channel used for non-terrestrial communication or non-terrestrial uplink communication has a modulation scheme of a lower order than the modulation scheme of the center.

[0636] (16) The base station according to (10) or (11), wherein

[0637] The first configuration is a configuration related to the use of the first channel, and

[0638] The first configuration includes the following configuration: at least one end of the first channel is an unavailable resource or a reserved resource.

[0639] (17) The base station according to (15), wherein

[0640] The first configuration is as follows: at both ends of the first channel, only the end adjacent to the channel used for non-terrestrial communication or non-terrestrial uplink communication is an unavailable resource or a reserved resource.

[0641] (18) The base station according to any one of (1) to (17), wherein

[0642] The base station is a satellite station or a ground station that communicates with the terminal equipment on the ground via a satellite station.

[0643] (19) A terminal device, comprising: The receiving unit receives configuration information from the base station, the configuration information including a first configuration related to wireless communication using a first channel for terrestrial communication and a second configuration related to wireless communication using a second channel for non-terrestrial communication or non-terrestrial uplink communication; and The configuration unit, based on the received configuration information, performs configuration for wireless communication using the first channel or the second channel. Wherein the first channel and the second channel are adjacent channels, and The first configuration and the second configuration are different configurations.

[0644] (20) A communication method, comprising: Configuration information is sent to a terminal device performing wireless communication using a first channel for terrestrial communication or a second channel for non-terrestrial communication or non-terrestrial uplink communication. The configuration information includes a first configuration related to wireless communication using the first channel and a second configuration related to wireless communication using the second channel. The first channel and the second channel are adjacent channels, and The first configuration and the second configuration are different configurations.

[0645] Figure Labels

[0646] 1: Communication system; 10: Management equipment; 20: Ground station; 30: Non-ground station; 40: Relay station; 50: Terminal equipment; 11: Communication department; 21, 31, 41, 51: Wireless communication department; 12, 22, 32, 42, 52: Storage department; 13, 23, 33, 43, 53: Control department; 24, 44: Network communication department; 211, 311, 412, 511: Transmission processing department; 212, 312, 411, 512: Reception processing department; 213, 313, 413, 513: Antenna; 231, 331, 431: Generation department; 232, 332, 432, 532: Reception department; 233, 333, 433, 533: Transmission department; 234, 334, 434, 534: Communication control department; 531: Configuration department.

Claims

1. A base station, comprising: The transmitting unit sends configuration information to a terminal device performing wireless communication using a first channel for terrestrial communication or a second channel for non-terrestrial communication or non-terrestrial uplink communication. The configuration information includes at least one of a first configuration related to wireless communication using the first channel and a second configuration related to wireless communication using the second channel. The first channel and the second channel are adjacent channels, and The first configuration and the second configuration are different configurations.

2. The base station according to claim 1, wherein The configuration information includes a second configuration that is different from the first configuration.

3. The base station according to claim 2, wherein The second channel is used for non-terrestrial uplink communication.

4. The base station according to claim 2, wherein The second configuration is a configuration related to the minimum protection bandwidth of the second channel, and The second configuration includes the following configuration: the minimum protection bandwidth of at least one guard band of the second channel is a second minimum protection bandwidth that is wider than the first minimum protection bandwidth of the first channel.

5. The base station according to claim 4, wherein The second configuration is as follows: among the guard bands at both ends of the second channel, the minimum guard bandwidth of the guard band adjacent only to the channel used for terrestrial communication is the second minimum guard bandwidth.

6. The base station according to claim 2, wherein The second configuration is a configuration related to the modulation scheme of the second channel, and The second configuration includes the following configuration: the modulation scheme of at least one end of the second channel is a lower order modulation scheme than the modulation scheme of the center of the second channel.

7. The base station according to claim 6, wherein The second configuration is as follows: at both ends of the second channel, only the end adjacent to the channel used for terrestrial communication uses a lower-order modulation scheme than the modulation scheme of the center.

8. The base station according to claim 2, wherein The second configuration is a configuration related to the use of the second channel, and The second configuration includes the following configuration: at least one end of the second channel is an unavailable resource or a reserved resource.

9. The base station according to claim 8, wherein The second configuration is as follows: at both ends of the second channel, only the end adjacent to the channel used for terrestrial communication is an unavailable resource or a reserved resource.

10. The base station according to claim 1, wherein The configuration information includes the first configuration, which is different from the second configuration.

11. The base station according to claim 10, wherein The second channel is used for non-terrestrial uplink communication.

12. The base station according to claim 10, wherein The first configuration is a configuration related to the minimum protection bandwidth of the first channel, and The first configuration includes the following configuration: the minimum protection bandwidth of at least one guard band of the first channel is a first minimum protection bandwidth that is wider than the second minimum protection bandwidth of the second channel.

13. The base station according to claim 12, wherein The first configuration is as follows: among the guard bands at both ends of the first channel, the minimum guard band of the guard band adjacent only to the channel used for non-terrestrial communication or non-terrestrial uplink communication is the first minimum guard band.

14. The base station according to claim 10, wherein The first configuration is a configuration related to the modulation scheme of the first channel, and The first configuration includes the following configuration: the modulation scheme of at least one end of the first channel is a lower order modulation scheme than the modulation scheme of the center of the first channel.

15. The base station according to claim 14, wherein The first configuration is as follows: at both ends of the first channel, only the end adjacent to the channel used for non-terrestrial communication or non-terrestrial uplink communication has a modulation scheme of a lower order than the modulation scheme of the center.

16. The base station according to claim 10, wherein The first configuration is a configuration related to the use of the first channel, and The first configuration includes the following configuration: at least one end of the first channel is an unavailable resource or a reserved resource.

17. The base station according to claim 15, wherein The first configuration is as follows: at both ends of the first channel, only the end adjacent to the channel used for non-terrestrial communication or non-terrestrial uplink communication is an unavailable resource or a reserved resource.

18. The base station according to claim 1, wherein The base station is a satellite station or a ground station that communicates with the terminal equipment on the ground via a satellite station.

19. A terminal device, comprising: The receiving unit receives configuration information from the base station, the configuration information including a first configuration related to wireless communication using a first channel for terrestrial communication and a second configuration related to wireless communication using a second channel for non-terrestrial communication or non-terrestrial uplink communication; and The configuration unit, based on the received configuration information, performs configuration for wireless communication using the first channel or the second channel. Wherein the first channel and the second channel are adjacent channels, and The first configuration and the second configuration are different configurations.

20. A communication method, comprising: Configuration information is sent to a terminal device performing wireless communication using a first channel for terrestrial communication or a second channel for non-terrestrial communication or non-terrestrial uplink communication. The configuration information includes a first configuration related to wireless communication using the first channel and a second configuration related to wireless communication using the second channel. The first channel and the second channel are adjacent channels, and The first configuration and the second configuration are different configurations.

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