Display device and electronic equipment

Abstract

A display device capable of inhibiting an increase in contact resistance between a connection portion and a third electrode is provided. The display device includes a plurality of light emitting elements arranged two-dimensionally and including a first electrode, a light emitting layer, and a second electrode; a plurality of first protective layers each provided on a corresponding one of the plurality of light emitting elements; a plurality of connection portions including an upper portion provided on an upper surface of the plurality of first protective layers, and a side portion provided on a side surface of the plurality of first protective layers; and a third electrode in contact with a corresponding upper portion of the plurality of connection portions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to display devices and electronic devices including the display devices. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, display devices in which multiple light-emitting elements, including a first electrode, a light-emitting layer, and a second electrode, are arranged in a two-dimensional configuration have been widely used. For this type of display device, techniques for electrically connecting multiple two-dimensionally arranged light-emitting elements using a third electrode (auxiliary electrode) have been studied. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a display device including an element protective layer covering a first cathode electrode, a second cathode electrode disposed on the element protective layer, and a connection portion electrically connecting the second cathode electrode and the first cathode electrode, wherein the connection portion is formed along the sidewall of the element protective layer.

[0003] Reference List

[0004] Patent documents

[0005] Patent Document 1: WO 2022 / 239576 A Summary of the Invention

[0006] The problem to be solved by the present invention

[0007] However, in the display device disclosed in Patent Document 1, the contact area between the connecting part and the third electrode (second cathode) is small; therefore, there is a concern that the contact resistance between the connecting part and the third electrode may increase.

[0008] Therefore, the object of this disclosure is to provide a display device capable of suppressing the increase of contact resistance between the connector and the third electrode, and an electronic device including the display device.

[0009] Solution to the problem

[0010] To solve the above problems, the display device according to this disclosure includes: Multiple light-emitting elements arranged in two dimensions, each light-emitting element including a first electrode, a light-emitting layer and a second electrode; Multiple first protective layers are respectively disposed on each of the multiple light-emitting elements; Multiple connecting portions, each connecting portion including an upper portion disposed on the upper surface of a corresponding one of the first protective layers and a side portion disposed on the side surface of a corresponding one of the first protective layers; and The third electrode contacts each of the upper portions of the plurality of connecting parts. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 This is a plan view of a display device according to one embodiment.

[0012] Figure 2 It is a magnified plan view of a portion of the display area.

[0013] Figure 3 It is along Figure 2 The cross-sectional view taken from line III-III in the diagram.

[0014] Figure 4 A is a cross-sectional view of an OLED layer including a single light-emitting unit. Figure 4 B is a cross-sectional view of an OLED layer including two light-emitting units.

[0015] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 A magnified cross-sectional view of a portion of the image.

[0016] Figure 6 A, 6B, and 6C are each a manufacturing process diagram of a display device according to one embodiment.

[0017] Figure 7 A, 7B, and 7C are each a manufacturing process diagram of a display device according to one embodiment.

[0018] Figure 8 A and 8B are each a manufacturing process diagram of a display device according to one embodiment.

[0019] Figure 9 This is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a modified display device.

[0020] Figure 10 This is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a modified display device.

[0021] Figure 11 This is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a modified display device.

[0022] Figure 12 This is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a modified display device.

[0023] Figure 13 This is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a modified display device.

[0024] Figure 14 This is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a modified display device.

[0025] Figure 15 This is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a modified display device.

[0026] Figure 16 This is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a modified display device.

[0027] Figure 17 This is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a modified display device.

[0028] Figure 18This is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a modified display device.

[0029] Figure 19 A and 19B are schematic diagrams of optical systems.

[0030] Figure 20 This is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a modified display device.

[0031] Figure 21 A, Figure 21 B and Figure 21 C is a conceptual diagram describing the relationship between the normal LN passing through the center of the light-emitting part, the normal LN′ passing through the center of the lens component, and the normal LN″ passing through the center of the wavelength selection part.

[0032] Figure 22 This is a conceptual diagram showing the relationship between the normal LN passing through the center of the light-emitting part, the normal LN′ passing through the center of the lens component, and the normal LN″ passing through the center of the wavelength selection part.

[0033] Figure 23 A and 23B are conceptual diagrams illustrating the relationship between the normal LN passing through the center of the light-emitting part, the normal LN′ passing through the center of the lens member, and the normal LN″ passing through the center of the wavelength selection part.

[0034] Figure 24 This is a conceptual diagram showing the relationship between the normal LN passing through the center of the light-emitting part, the normal LN′ passing through the center of the lens component, and the normal LN″ passing through the center of the wavelength selection part.

[0035] Figure 25 A is a schematic cross-sectional view used to describe a first example of a resonator structure. Figure 25 B is a schematic cross-sectional view used to describe a second example of a resonator structure.

[0036] Figure 26 A is a schematic cross-sectional view used to describe a third example of a resonator structure. Figure 26 B is a schematic cross-sectional view used to describe the fourth example of a resonator structure.

[0037] Figure 27 A is a schematic cross-sectional view used to describe the fifth example of a resonator structure. Figure 27 B is a schematic cross-sectional view used to describe the sixth example of a resonator structure.

[0038] Figure 28 This is a schematic cross-sectional view used to describe the seventh example of a resonator structure.

[0039] Figure 29 A is the front view of a digital camera. Figure 29B is the rear view of a digital camera.

[0040] Figure 30 This is a perspective view of a head-mounted display.

[0041] Figure 31 It is a perspective view of a television device.

[0042] Figure 32 It is a perspective view of a head-mounted display.

[0043] Figure 33 This is a perspective view of a smartphone.

[0044] Figure 34 A is a diagram showing the interior of a vehicle when viewed from the rear to the front. Figure 34 B is a diagram showing the interior of the vehicle when viewed from the rear to the front. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The embodiments of this disclosure will be described in the following order.

[0046] 1. General description of the display device and electronic device according to this disclosure

[0047] 2. One implementation method (example of a display device)

[0048] 3. Variations

[0049] 4. The relationship between the normals passing through the centers of the light-emitting part, the lens component, and the wavelength selection part.

[0050] 5. Examples of resonator structures

[0051] 6. Application Examples (Examples of electronic devices)

[0052] The embodiments described below are preferred specific examples of this disclosure, and the content of this disclosure is not limited to these embodiments. Furthermore, in all the accompanying drawings of the following embodiments, the same or equivalent parts are labeled with the same reference numerals. In addition, to prevent the illustrations from becoming overly complex, reference numerals may be assigned only to certain components, or the illustrations may be simplified, enlarged, or reduced in size.

[0053] <1 General description of the display device and electronic device according to this disclosure>

[0054] In the display device according to this disclosure, the connecting portion includes an upper portion disposed on the upper surface of the first protective layer and a side portion disposed on the side surface of the protective layer, and the third electrode contacts the upper portion of the connecting portion. This increases the contact area between the connecting portion and the third electrode. Therefore, an increase in contact resistance between the connecting portion and the third electrode can be suppressed. Furthermore, poor contact between the connecting portion and the third electrode during the manufacturing process of the display device can be suppressed.

[0055] In the display device according to the present disclosure, from the viewpoint of reducing the contact resistance between the connecting portion and the third electrode, it is preferable that the third electrode contacts the entire upper surface of each upper portion.

[0056] In the display device according to the present disclosure, from the viewpoint of suppressing poor contact between the connecting portion and the third electrode, it is preferable that the third electrode includes a protrusion that protrudes upward and contacts the upper portion.

[0057] Preferably, the display device according to this disclosure further includes a second protective layer disposed between the upper portion and the third electrode, and a filling layer disposed inside the protrusion, wherein the refractive index of the filling layer is lower than that of the second protective layer. This configuration allows the component of light incident on the side surface of the filling layer at an incident angle greater than or equal to a predetermined value to be totally internally reflected at the side surface of the filling layer and guided upward. Therefore, the front brightness of the display device can be increased.

[0058] Preferably, the display device according to this disclosure further includes a filler layer disposed inside the protrusion, and the refractive index of the filler layer is higher than that of the first protective layer. This configuration allows light incident on the bottom surface of the filler layer 20 to be refracted at the bottom surface and guided upward. Therefore, the front brightness of the display device can be increased.

[0059] Preferably, the display device according to this disclosure further includes a plurality of third protective layers individually disposed on each of the plurality of upper portions. This configuration allows the third protective layers to protect the upper portions during the manufacturing process of the display device. Furthermore, the third protective layers can protect the upper portions, light-emitting elements, etc., from the effects of moisture, etc.

[0060] Preferably, the display device according to this disclosure further includes a fourth protective layer covering the outer peripheral surface of the side portion. This configuration allows the fourth protective layer to protect the side portion during the manufacturing process of the display device. Furthermore, the fourth protective layer can protect the side portion, light-emitting elements, etc., from the effects of moisture, etc.

[0061] In the display device according to this disclosure, it is preferable that the upper portion and the side portion include different conductive layers. This configuration allows properties such as optical properties to differ between the upper and side portions.

[0062] In the display device according to this disclosure, it is preferable that the upper portion includes a light-transmitting conductive layer and the side portion includes a metal layer. This allows light emitted laterally from the light-emitting element to be reflected upwards through the side portion. Conversely, light emitted upwards from the light-emitting element and light reflected upwards from the side portion pass through the upper portion and are extracted. Therefore, the front brightness of the display device can be increased.

[0063] In the display device according to this disclosure, it is preferable that at least some of the plurality of connecting portions each have an opening in the side portion. This allows light emitted from the light-emitting element to be extracted outwards through the opening in the side portion. Therefore, the main ray axis of the pixel can be tilted towards the opening relative to the central axis of the pixel.

[0064] In the display device according to this disclosure, it is preferable that, among the plurality of connecting portions, the connecting portion located on the periphery of the display area has an opening in the side portion adjacent to the periphery of the display area. According to this structure, light emitted from the light-emitting element located on the periphery of the display area can be extracted through the opening in the side portion arranged adjacent to the periphery of the display area. Therefore, the principal ray axis of the pixel can be tilted outward from the display area relative to the central axis of the pixel. Thus, the principal ray angle (hereinafter referred to as "CRA") of the display device can be increased.

[0065] In the display device according to this disclosure, it is preferable that the side portion having the opening includes a metal layer. Thus, light incident from the light-emitting element located at the periphery of the display area onto the side portion is reflected by the side portion and extracted from the opening.

[0066] In the display device according to this disclosure, it is preferable that at least some of the plurality of connecting portions each have an opening in their upper portion, and in a plan view, the openings are arranged off-center relative to the center of the corresponding connecting portion. This allows light emitted from the light-emitting element to be extracted outward through the off-center openings. Therefore, the principal ray axis of the pixel can be tilted in the off-center direction of the opening. In this disclosure, the center of the connecting portion in a plan view refers to the geometric center of the connecting portion in the plan view.

[0067] In the display device according to this disclosure, it is preferable that, among the plurality of connecting portions, the connecting portion located at the periphery of the display area has an opening at its upper part, and in a plan view, this opening is arranged off-center toward the periphery of the display area relative to the center of the corresponding connecting portion. This allows light emitted from the light-emitting element located at the periphery of the display area to be extracted through the opening arranged off-center toward the periphery of the display area. Therefore, the principal ray axis of the pixel can be tilted outward from the display area relative to the central axis of the pixel. Thus, the CRA (Cost Reduction Ability) of the display device can be increased.

[0068] In the display device according to this disclosure, the upper and side portions preferably include metal layers. Thus, light incident from a light-emitting element located at the periphery of the display area onto the upper and side portions is reflected by the upper and side portions and extracted through the openings.

[0069] In the display device according to this disclosure, it is preferred that the protective layer includes a stepped portion having a first surface and a second surface having a height greater than that of the first surface, and the connecting portion having an opening at a position corresponding to the first surface. Because the first surface is closer to the light-emitting element than the second surface, the opening is positioned closer to the light-emitting element. Therefore, light emitted from the light-emitting element towards the wide-angle side can be easily extracted through the opening.

[0070] In this disclosure, the term "pixel" refers to the smallest unit that constitutes an image. Where a pixel comprises multiple subpixels, the term "pixel" refers to a "subpixel".

[0071] The light-emitting device according to this disclosure is capable of color display. When the display device is capable of color display, a pixel (unit pixel / pixel) used as a unit for forming a color image may include multiple sub-pixels. More specifically, for example, in a display device capable of color display, a pixel may include, for example, three sub-pixels (sub-pixels of the three primary colors), namely, a sub-pixel configured to emit red light, a sub-pixel configured to emit green light, and a sub-pixel configured to emit blue light. However, the configuration of a pixel is not limited to a combination of sub-pixels of the three primary colors, and a pixel can be configured by further adding one or more sub-pixels of one or more colors to the sub-pixels of the three primary colors. More specifically, for example, in a display device, a pixel may be configured to increase brightness by adding a sub-pixel configured to emit white light, or a pixel may be configured to expand the color reproduction range by adding at least one sub-pixel configured to emit complementary color light.

[0072] In the display device according to the present disclosure, for example, the plurality of light-emitting elements include at least one self-emissive element selected from the group consisting of organic light-emitting diode (OLED) elements, light-emitting diode (LED) elements, inorganic electroluminescent (IEL) elements, quantum dot light-emitting diode (QLED) elements, semiconductor laser elements, etc.

[0073] In this disclosure, refractive index refers to the refractive index at the peak wavelength of light emitted from the light-emitting element.

[0074] The display device according to this disclosure can be installed in an electronic device. For example, the display device according to this disclosure can be installed in an eyewear device, such as a virtual reality (VR) device, a mixed reality (MR) device, or an augmented reality (AR) device, or it can be installed in an electronic viewfinder (EVF), a small projector, etc. Examples of eyewear devices include headphones.

[0075] In this disclosure, the phrase "on component A" in a description such as "component B is positioned on component A" indicates the relative positional relationship between component A and component B, and includes not only the state in which component B is directly positioned on component A (with no other component inserted in between), but also the state in which component B is positioned on component A (with at least one other component inserted in between).

[0076] <2 One implementation method>

[0077] [Schematic configuration of display device 101]

[0078] Figure 1 This is a plan view of a display device 101 according to one embodiment. The display device 101 includes a display area RE1 and a peripheral area RE2 disposed around the display area RE1. In one embodiment, the display area RE1 has a rectangular shape in the plan view. However, the shape of the display area RE1 is not limited to a rectangular shape, and can be a shape other than a rectangular shape.

[0079] In this specification, a first direction and a second direction orthogonal to each other on the display surface of the display device 101 will be referred to as the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, respectively, and a third direction perpendicular to the display surface of the display device 101 will be referred to as the Z-axis direction. In one embodiment, an example in which the X-axis direction is the horizontal direction of the display surface and the Y-axis direction is the vertical direction of the display surface will be described.

[0080] In one embodiment, the display device 101 is an OLED display device. The display device 101 may be a microdisplay. In one embodiment, the display device 101 will be described as an example of a top-emitting display device, but the type of display device 101 is not limited to this example.

[0081] Figure 2 This is an enlarged planar view of a portion of the display area RE1. Multiple sub-pixels 10R, 10G, and 10B are arranged in a two-dimensional pattern within the display area RE1.

[0082] exist Figure 2 In the diagram, the parts represented by the symbols "R", "G", and "B" respectively represent sub-pixel 10R, sub-pixel 10G, and sub-pixel 10B. Additionally, in... Figure 2The diagram shows an example of a stripe array as the specified configuration pattern, but the configuration pattern is not limited to this example. For example, the specified configuration pattern can be a mosaic arrangement, a square arrangement, a triangular arrangement, or an arrangement other than these. Pad portion 113, video display driver (not shown), etc., are disposed in the peripheral area RE2. Flexible printed circuit (FPC) (not shown) can be connected to pad portion 113.

[0083] Subpixel 10R can emit red light (first light). Subpixel 10G can emit green light (second light). Subpixel 10B can emit blue light (third light). In the following description, when subpixels 10R, 10G, and 10B are collectively referred to as subpixels 10R, 10G, and 10B without specifically distinguishing them from each other, subpixels 10R, 10G, and 10B may be simply referred to as subpixel 10. A pixel (one pixel) 10P includes, for example, a plurality of adjacent subpixels 10R, 10G, and 10B. However, the configuration of a pixel 10P is not limited to this example.

[0084] [Layer structure of display device 101]

[0085] Figure 3 It is along Figure 2 The cross-sectional view taken from line III-III in the figure. The display device 101 includes a driving substrate 11, a plurality of light-emitting elements 12, a plurality of protective layers 13, a plurality of connecting portions 14, a protective layer 15, a low refractive index layer 16, a third electrode 17, a planarization layer 18, and a color filter 19. The light-emitting elements 12, the protective layers 13, and the connecting portions 14 constitute a stack 120 on the first surface of the driving substrate 11.

[0086] In this specification, of the two surfaces constituting each layer of the display device 101, the surface on the display surface side (top side) of the display device 101 may be referred to as the first surface (upper surface), and the surface on the side (bottom side) opposite to the display surface of the display device 101 may be referred to as the second surface (lower surface). In this specification, the peripheral portion of the display area RE1 refers to the portion extending inward from the periphery of the display area RE1 by a predetermined width. In this specification, the peripheral portion of the first surface refers to the portion extending inward from the periphery of the first surface by a predetermined width, and the peripheral portion of the second surface refers to the portion extending inward from the periphery of the second surface by a predetermined width. In this specification, a plan view refers to a plan view of an object viewed from a direction perpendicular to the first or second surface. In this specification, unless otherwise specified, the in-plane direction refers to the in-plane direction of the first surface of the driving substrate 11. In this specification, upward refers to the direction from the bottom side (the side opposite to the display surface) of the display device 101 toward the top side (display surface side) of the display device 101. Furthermore, "downward" refers to the direction from the top side (display surface side) of the display device 101 toward the bottom side of the display device 101.

[0087] (Driver substrate 11)

[0088] The driving substrate 11 is a so-called backplane and can drive multiple light-emitting elements 12. For example, the driving substrate 11 includes a substrate 111 and an insulating layer 112 in sequence.

[0089] A plurality of driving transistors (not shown) are disposed on the first surface side of the substrate 111. The substrate 111 may be, for example, a semiconductor substrate on which driving transistors can be easily formed, or a glass substrate or resin substrate having low moisture permeability and oxygen permeability. Semiconductor substrates include, for example, amorphous silicon, polycrystalline silicon, monocrystalline silicon, etc. Glass substrates include, for example, high strain point glass, soda glass, borosilicate glass, magnesium olivine, lead glass, quartz glass, etc. For example, resin substrates include at least one selected from the group consisting of polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylphenol, polyethersulfone, polyimide, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, etc.

[0090] An insulating layer 112 is disposed on a first surface of the substrate 111 and covers a plurality of driving transistors, etc. The insulating layer 112 includes a plurality of contact plugs and a plurality of wirings (neither shown). The contact plugs and wirings electrically connect the light-emitting element 12 and the driving transistors. The contact plugs include at least one metal selected from, for example, the group consisting of copper (Cu), titanium (Ti), etc. The wirings include, for example, a metal layer. The metal layer includes, for example, at least one metal selected from, for example, the group consisting of tungsten (W), copper (Cu), etc. A blocking metal may be disposed on the surface of the wirings. The blocking metal includes, for example, tantalum (Ta), tantalum nitride (TaNx), etc.

[0091] Insulating layer 112 is, for example, an organic insulating layer, an inorganic insulating layer, or a laminate thereof. An organic insulating layer may include at least one selected from the group consisting of polyimide resins, acrylic resins, phenolic varnish resins, etc. An inorganic insulating layer may include at least one selected from the group consisting of silicon oxide (SiOx), silicon nitride (SiNx), silicon oxynitride (SiOxNy), etc.

[0092] (Light-emitting element 12)

[0093] The light-emitting element 12 can emit white light under the control of a driving circuit or the like. In one embodiment, the light-emitting element 12 is an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) element. The light-emitting element 12 is included in each of the sub-pixels 10R, 10G, and 10B of various colors.

[0094] Multiple light-emitting elements 12 are arranged two-dimensionally on the first surface of the driving substrate 11 in a predetermined arrangement pattern. The predetermined arrangement pattern is as described in the predetermined arrangement pattern for the multiple sub-pixels 10. Each light-emitting element 12 includes a first electrode 121, an OLED layer 122, and a second electrode 123 sequentially on the first surface of the driving substrate 11.

[0095] (First electrode 121)

[0096] The first electrode 121 is disposed on the second surface side of the OLED layer 122. The first electrode 121 is a separate electrode disposed individually for each of the plurality of light-emitting elements 12. That is, the first electrode 121 is divided into light-emitting elements 12 adjacent to each other in the in-plane direction. The first electrode 121 is the anode. When a voltage is applied between the first electrode 121 and the second electrode 123, holes are injected from the first electrode 121 into the OLED layer 122.

[0097] The first electrode 121 may include, for example, a metal layer, or may include a metal layer and a transparent conductive oxide layer. When the first electrode 121 includes a metal layer and a transparent conductive oxide layer, from the viewpoint of placing a layer with a high work function adjacent to the OLED layer 122, the transparent conductive oxide layer is preferably disposed on the OLED layer 122 side.

[0098] The metal layer can function as a reflective layer that reflects light emitted from the OLED layer 122. For example, the metal layer includes at least one metallic element selected from the group consisting of chromium (Cr), gold (Au), platinum (Pt), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), molybdenum (Mo), titanium (Ti), tantalum (Ta), aluminum (Al), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), tungsten (W), and silver (Ag). The metal layer may include at least one metallic element as a constituent element of an alloy. Specific examples of alloys include aluminum alloys and silver alloys. Specific examples of aluminum alloys include aluminum-neodymium (AlNd) alloys and aluminum-copper (AlCu) alloys.

[0099] The underlayer (not shown) may be positioned adjacent to the second surface of the metal layer. The underlayer can improve the crystal orientation of the metal layer during its formation. The underlayer includes at least one metallic element, for example, selected from the group consisting of titanium (Ti) and tantalum (Ta). The underlayer may include at least one of the aforementioned metallic elements as a constituent element of the alloy.

[0100] The transparent conductive oxide layer includes a transparent conductive oxide. The transparent conductive oxide includes, for example, at least one selected from the group consisting of indium-containing transparent conductive oxides (hereinafter referred to as "indium-based transparent conductive oxides"), tin-containing transparent conductive oxides (hereinafter referred to as "tin-based transparent conductive oxides"), and zinc-containing transparent conductive oxides (hereinafter referred to as "zinc-based transparent conductive oxides").

[0101] Indium-based transparent conductive oxides include, for example, indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), indium gallium oxide (IGO), indium gallium zinc oxide (IGZO), or fluorine-doped indium oxide (IFO). Among these transparent conductive oxides, indium tin oxide (ITO) is particularly preferred. This is because indium tin oxide (ITO) has a particularly low barrier for hole injection into the OLED layer 122, thus significantly reducing the driving voltage of the display device 101. Tin-based transparent conductive oxides include, for example, tin oxide, antimony-doped tin oxide (ATO), or fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO). Zinc-based transparent conductive oxides include, for example, zinc oxide, aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO), boron-doped zinc oxide, or gallium-doped zinc oxide (GZO).

[0102] (OLED layer 122)

[0103] The OLED layer 122 can emit white light. The OLED layer 122 is an example of a layer containing organic material, including an organic light-emitting layer. The OLED layer 122 is disposed between the first electrode 121 and the second electrode 123. Similar to the first electrode 121, the OLED layer 122 is individually disposed in each of the plurality of light-emitting elements 12. That is, the OLED layer 122 is divided between adjacent light-emitting elements 12 in the in-plane direction.

[0104] The OLED layer 122 may include a stack comprising an organic light-emitting layer, and in this case, some layers of the stack (e.g., an electron-injection layer) may be inorganic layers. The OLED layer 122 may be as follows: Figure 4 The OLED layer shown in Figure A, which includes a single light-emitting unit U, can be as follows: Figure 4 The OLED layer shown in B includes two light-emitting units U1 and U2 (in a series structure), or it may be an OLED layer with a structure different from these structures. The OLED layer 122 including a single light-emitting unit U has, for example, a hole injection layer 1221, a hole transport layer 1222, a red light-emitting layer 1220R, a light-emitting separation layer 1223, a blue light-emitting layer 1220B, a green light-emitting layer 1220G, an electron transport layer 1224, and an electron injection layer 1225 stacked in this order from the first electrode 121 toward the second electrode 123. The OLED layer 122 including two light-emitting units U1 and U2 has, for example, a hole injection layer 1221, a hole transport layer 1222, a blue light-emitting layer 1220B, an electron transport layer 1226, a charge generation layer 1227, a hole transport layer 1228, a yellow light-emitting layer 1220Y, an electron transport layer 1224, and an electron injection layer 1225 stacked sequentially from the first electrode 121 toward the second electrode 123.

[0105] Hole injection layer 1221 improves the efficiency of hole injection into light-emitting layers 1220R, 1220G, and 1220B and suppresses leakage. Hole transport layers 1222 and 1228 improve the efficiency of hole transport to light-emitting layers 1220R, 1220B, and 1220Y. Electron injection layer 1225 improves the efficiency of electron injection into light-emitting layers 1220G and 1220Y. Electron transport layers 1224 and 1226 enhance the efficiency of electron transport to light-emitting layers 1220G, 1220B, and 1220Y. Light emission separation layer 1223 is used to regulate carrier injection into light-emitting layers 1220R, 1220G, and 1220B, and to regulate the emission balance of each color by injecting electrons or holes into light-emitting layers 1220R, 1220G, and 1220B via light emission separation layer 1223. The charge generation layer 1227 can supply electrons and holes to the blue light-emitting layer 1220B and the yellow light-emitting layer 1220Y, which are configured to sandwich the charge generation layer 1227.

[0106] In response to the application of an electric field to the red light-emitting layer 1220R, the green light-emitting layer 1220G, the blue light-emitting layer 1220B, and the yellow light-emitting layer 1220Y, a recombination occurs between holes injected from the first electrode 121 or the charge-generating layer 1227 and electrons injected from the second electrode 123 or the charge-generating layer 1227, thereby enabling the emission of red, green, blue, and yellow light, respectively.

[0107] (Second electrode 123)

[0108] The second electrode 123 is disposed on the first surface side of the OLED layer 122. Like the first electrode 121, the second electrode 123 is a separate electrode disposed individually for each of the plurality of light-emitting elements 12. That is, the second electrode 123 is divided among the light-emitting elements 12 that are adjacent in the in-plane direction.

[0109] The second electrode 123 is a cathode. When a voltage is applied between the first electrode 121 and the second electrode 123, electrons are injected from the second electrode 123 into the OLED layer 122. The second electrode 123 is capable of transmitting light emitted from the OLED layer 122. The second electrode 123 is preferably a transparent electrode that is transparent to visible light. In this specification, visible light refers to light in the wavelength range of 360 nm and above and 780 nm and below.

[0110] The second electrode 123 preferably comprises a material having the highest possible light transmittance and the lowest possible work function to improve luminous efficiency. The second electrode 123 comprises at least one of, for example, a metal layer or a transparent conductive oxide layer. More specifically, the second electrode 123 comprises a single-layer film of a metal layer or a transparent conductive oxide layer, or a multilayer film of a metal layer and a transparent conductive oxide layer. In the case where the second electrode 123 comprises a multilayer film, the metal layer may be positioned adjacent to the OLED layer 122, or the transparent conductive oxide layer may be positioned adjacent to the OLED layer 122.

[0111] For example, the metal layer includes at least one metallic element selected from the group consisting of magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), silver (Ag), calcium (Ca), and sodium (Na). The metal layer may include at least one metallic element as a constituent element of an alloy. Specific examples of alloys include magnesium-silver (MgAg) alloys, magnesium-aluminum (MgAl) alloys, and aluminum-lithium (AlLi) alloys. The transparent conductive oxide layer includes a transparent conductive oxide. Materials similar to the transparent conductive oxide of the first electrode 121 described above can be exemplified as transparent conductive oxides.

[0112] (Protective layer 13)

[0113] A protective layer 13 is disposed on the first surface of the plurality of light-emitting elements 12, specifically on the first surface of the second electrode 123. A separate protective layer 13 is disposed for each of the plurality of light-emitting elements 12. That is, the protective layer 13 is divided between adjacent light-emitting elements 12 in the in-plane direction. The protective layer 13 is an example of a first protective layer.

[0114] The protective layer 13 is transmissive to light emitted from the light-emitting element 12. The protective layer 13 can protect multiple light-emitting elements 12, etc. For example, the protective layer 13 can prevent damage to the OLED layer 122 caused by exposure to processing gases, chemical solutions, etc., during the manufacturing process of the display device 101. Furthermore, the protective layer 13 can prevent moisture from entering the light-emitting element 12, etc., from the external environment. Additionally, when the second electrode 123 includes a metal layer, the protective layer 13 can have the function of inhibiting oxidation of the metal layer.

[0115] The protective layer 13 comprises at least one of an inorganic or organic material, for example, having low hygroscopicity. The protective layer 13 may have a single-layer or multi-layer structure. A multi-layer structure is preferred when the thickness of the protective layer 13 is increased. This is to reduce internal stress in the protective layer 13. For example, the inorganic material comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of silicon oxide (SiOx), silicon nitride (SiNx), silicon oxynitride (SiOxNy), titanium oxide (TiOx), and aluminum oxide (AlOx). The organic material comprises, for example, a cured product of a resin selected from the group consisting of thermosetting resins and photosensitive resins. The photosensitive resin comprises, for example, an ultraviolet-curable resin. Specifically, the organic material comprises, for example, at least one selected from the group consisting of acrylic resins, polyimide resins, phenolic varnish resins, epoxy resins, norbornene resins, and parylene resins.

[0116] The protective layer 13 preferably comprises a deposited layer formed by atomic layer deposition. The deposited layer can be an atomic layer deposition (ALD) layer. When the protective layer 13 includes a deposited layer, the effect of inhibiting moisture ingress through the protective layer 13 can be improved. The deposited layer includes, for example, metal oxides or metal nitrides. Metal oxides include, for example, aluminum oxide (AlOx) or titanium oxide (TiOx). Metal nitrides include, for example, titanium nitride (TiNx).

[0117] (Connecting part 14)

[0118] A connecting portion 14 is provided for each of the plurality of light-emitting elements 12. That is, the connecting portion 14 is divided between adjacent light-emitting elements 12 in the in-plane direction. The connecting portion 14 is a connecting electrode that connects the second electrode 123 and the third electrode 17 of the light-emitting element 12. The connecting portion 14 is transparent to light emitted from the light-emitting element 12. The connecting portion 14 is preferably a transparent electrode that is transparent to visible light.

[0119] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 A partially enlarged cross-sectional view. The connecting portion 14 covers the first surface (upper surface) and the side surface of the protective layer 13. The connecting portion 14 includes an upper portion 141 disposed on the first surface of the protective layer 13 and a side portion 142 disposed on the side surface of the protective layer 13. In one embodiment, the upper portion 141 and the side portion 142 are integrally formed using the same material. More specifically, a single conductive layer forms the upper portion 141 and the side portion 142. The conductive layer may be a conductive thin film.

[0120] The first surface (upper surface) of the upper portion 141 is in complete contact with the second surface (lower surface) of the third electrode 17. This increases the contact area between the connecting portion 14 and the third electrode 17, and reduces the contact resistance between them. The upper end of the side portion 142 is connected to the outer periphery of the upper portion 141. The lower end of the side portion 142 contacts the outer periphery of the first surface of the second electrode 123. The side portion 142 has a closed-loop shape in plan view and covers the entire side surface of the protective layer 13.

[0121] The connection portion 14 may include a single layer or two or more layers. The connection portion 14 includes at least one of, for example, a metal layer or a transparent conductive oxide layer. More specifically, the connection portion 14 includes a single-layer film of a metal layer or a transparent conductive oxide layer, or a multilayer film of a metal layer and a transparent conductive oxide layer. When the connection portion 14 includes a multilayer film, the metal layer may be configured to be adjacent to the protective layer 13, or the transparent conductive oxide layer may be configured to be adjacent to the protective layer 13.

[0122] As the metal included in the metal layer, a material similar to the metal of the second electrode 123 described above can be exemplified. As the transparent conductive oxide included in the transparent conductive oxide layer, a material similar to the transparent conductive oxide of the first electrode 121 described above can be exemplified.

[0123] (Protective layer 15)

[0124] The protective layer 15 is configured to coincide with the recess 124 between adjacent laminates 120 and covers the side and bottom surfaces of the recess 124. More specifically, the protective layer 15 has a bottom portion disposed on the bottom surface of the recess between adjacent laminates 120 and a wall portion covering the side surfaces of the recess between adjacent laminates 120. Thus, a recess 151 is formed inside the recess 124. The protective layer 15 is an example of a second protective layer.

[0125] The protective layer 15 transmits light emitted from the light-emitting element 12. The protective layer 15 can protect the light-emitting element 12, the connecting portion 14, etc. More specifically, for example, the protective layer 15 can prevent moisture from entering the multiple light-emitting elements 12, etc. from the external environment.

[0126] The protective layer 15 includes at least one of an inorganic or organic material, for example, having low hygroscopicity. The protective layer 15 may have a single-layer or multi-layer structure. As the inorganic and organic materials included in the protective layer 15, materials similar to the inorganic and organic materials of the protective layer 13 can be cited as examples, respectively. The protective layers 13 and 15 may include the same material or different materials.

[0127] (Low refractive index layer 16)

[0128] A low-refractive-index layer 16 is disposed in a recess 151 between adjacent stacked layers 120. The low-refractive-index layer 16 and the protective layer 15 fill the recess 151 between adjacent stacked layers 120. The low-refractive-index layer 16 has a lower refractive index than the protective layer 15. This configuration allows light components emitted obliquely from the light-emitting element 12 and incident on the side surface of the low-refractive-index layer 16 at an incident angle greater than or equal to a predetermined value to be totally internally reflected at the side surface of the low-refractive-index layer 16. Therefore, the front brightness of the display device 101 can be increased. The low-refractive-index layer 16 can be transmissive or non-transmissive to light emitted from the light-emitting element 12.

[0129] The low refractive index layer 16 comprises, for example, an organic or inorganic material. Organic materials include, for example, cured products of photosensitive resin compositions such as ultraviolet-curable resin compositions. Inorganic materials include, for example, at least one selected from the group consisting of silicon oxide (SiOx), silicon oxynitride (SiOxNy), magnesium fluoride (MgFx), and lithium fluoride (LiFx).

[0130] The low-refractive-index layer 16 may include filler. The refractive index of the low-refractive-index layer 16 can be adjusted by varying the content of the filler included in the low-refractive-index layer 16. The filler may be a hollow filler. The filler may be an inorganic filler. Inorganic fillers may include, for example, at least one selected from the group consisting of alumina (AlOx), titanium oxide (TiOx), zirconium oxide (ZrOx), etc.

[0131] (Third electrode 17)

[0132] A third electrode 17 is disposed on the first surface of the plurality of upper portions 141 and on the first surface of the low refractive index layer 16 and the protective layer 15 filling the recess 151. The third electrode 17 is an electrode shared by the plurality of light-emitting elements 12 disposed in the display area RE1, and is in contact with the entire first surface (the entire upper surface) of each upper portion 141 in the display area RE1. That is, the third electrode 17 is connected to each second electrode 123 separated for each sub-pixel 10 via the connecting portion 14. The third electrode 17 is transmissive to light emitted from the light-emitting element 12. The third electrode 17 may be a transparent electrode that is transparent to visible light.

[0133] A third electrode 17 is formed over the entire display area RE1 and extends from the display area RE1 to the peripheral area RE2. The peripheral portion of the third electrode 17 is connected to a contact electrode (not shown) in the peripheral area RE2. Another conductive layer may be inserted between the peripheral portion of the third electrode 17 and the contact electrode.

[0134] The third electrode 17 includes at least one of, for example, a metal layer or a transparent conductive oxide layer. More specifically, the third electrode 17 includes a single-layer film of a metal layer or a transparent conductive oxide layer, or a multilayer film of a metal layer and a transparent conductive oxide layer. When the third electrode 17 includes a multilayer film, the metal layer may be disposed adjacent to the connection portion 14, or the transparent conductive oxide layer may be disposed adjacent to the connection portion 14.

[0135] As the metal included in the metal layer, a material similar to the metal of the second electrode 123 described above can be exemplified. As the transparent conductive oxide included in the transparent conductive oxide layer, a material similar to the transparent conductive oxide of the first electrode 121 described above can be exemplified.

[0136] (Planarization layer 18)

[0137] A planarization layer 18 is disposed on the first surface of the third electrode 17. The planarization layer 18 can fill irregularities on the first surface side of the third electrode 17 and form a flat first surface above the third electrode 17. The planarization layer 18 is transmissive to light emitted from the light-emitting element 12. The planarization layer 18 comprises at least one of, for example, organic or inorganic materials.

[0138] Organic materials include, for example, cured products of photosensitive resin compositions. The photosensitive resin compositions may include positive or negative photosensitive resin compositions. Specifically, the photosensitive resin compositions include, for example, at least one selected from the group consisting of polyimide, polyimide precursor, polybenzoxazole, polybenzoxazole precursor, acrylic resin, phenolic resin, silicone resin, etc. As inorganic materials, materials similar to the inorganic material in protective layer 13 may be exemplified.

[0139] (Color Filter 19)

[0140] Color filter 19 is a so-called on-chip color filter (OCCF). Color filter 19 is disposed above a plurality of light-emitting elements 12. More specifically, color filter 19 is disposed on a first surface of planarization layer 18. Color filter 19 includes, for example, a plurality of color layers 190R, a plurality of color layers 190G, and a plurality of color layers 190B. Note that in the following description, color layers 190R, color layers 190G, and color layers 190B are collectively referred to without specifically distinguishing them from each other, and color layers 190R, color layers 190G, and color layers 190B may be simply referred to as color layer 190.

[0141] Multiple color layers 190 are arranged two-dimensionally on the first surface of the planarization layer 18 in a prescribed arrangement pattern. The prescribed arrangement pattern is as described for the prescribed arrangement pattern of the multiple sub-pixels 10. Each color layer 190 is disposed above the light-emitting element 12. Sub-pixel 10R includes the light-emitting element 12 and the color layer 190R disposed above the light-emitting element 12. Sub-pixel 10G includes the light-emitting element 12 and the color layer 190G disposed above the light-emitting element 12. Sub-pixel 10B includes the light-emitting element 12 and the color layer 190B disposed above the light-emitting element 12.

[0142] Color layer 190R is red. Color layer 190R transmits the red light component of the white light emitted from the light-emitting element 12 and absorbs components other than red light. Color layer 190G is green. Color layer 190G transmits the green light component of the white light emitted from the light-emitting element 12 and absorbs components other than green light. Color layer 190B is blue. Color layer 190B transmits the blue light component of the white light emitted from the light-emitting element 12 and absorbs components other than blue light.

[0143] Coloring layer 190R includes, for example, a red resist. Coloring layer 190G includes, for example, a green resist. Coloring layer 190B includes, for example, a blue resist.

[0144] [Manufacturing method of display device 101]

[0145] In the following text, reference will be made to Figure 6 Examples of methods for manufacturing a display device 101 according to one embodiment are described in sections A through 8B.

[0146] (The process of forming the first electrode 121)

[0147] First, a metal layer and a metal oxide layer are sequentially formed on the first surface of the driving substrate 11 by, for example, sputtering. Then, the metal layer and the metal oxide layer are patterned by, for example, photolithography. Thus, a plurality of first electrodes 121 are formed on the first surface of the driving substrate 11.

[0148] (Process for forming OLED layer 122)

[0149] Next, using, for example, vapor deposition, hole injection layer 1221, hole transport layer 1222, red light-emitting layer 1220R, light-emitting separation layer 1223, blue light-emitting layer 1220B, green light-emitting layer 1220G, electron transport layer 1224, and electron injection layer 1225 are stacked in this order on the first surface of the driving substrate 11 to cover a plurality of first electrodes 121. As a result, an OLED layer 122 with a single light-emitting unit U is formed. Note that the OLED layer 122 is not limited to an OLED layer with a single light-emitting unit U, but can be an OLED layer with two light-emitting units U1 and U2, or can be an OLED layer with a structure different from that described above.

[0150] (The process of forming the second electrode 123)

[0151] Next, a second electrode 123 is formed on the first surface of the OLED layer 122 by, for example, vapor deposition or sputtering.

[0152] (The process of forming protective layer 13)

[0153] Next, a protective layer 13 is formed on the first surface of the second electrode 123 using, for example, a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method. Following this, after coating the first surface of the protective layer 13 with a photoresist and curing it to form a photoresist layer 81, the photoresist layer 81 is exposed and developed. As a result, as... Figure 6 As shown in A, island-shaped resist layers 81 are retained at positions corresponding to each sub-pixel 10, thereby forming a resist pattern 31.

[0154] Next, for example, such as Figure 6 As shown in Figure B, the protective layer 13 is processed by dry etching using the resist pattern 31 as a mask, thereby dividing the protective layer 13 in portions corresponding to the regions between adjacent sub-pixels 10. Then, the resist pattern 31 is removed from the first surface of the plurality of protective layers 13, for example, by ashing.

[0155] (The process of forming the laminate 120)

[0156] Next, as Figure 6 As shown in Figure C, a conductive layer 140, such as a metal layer or a metal oxide layer, is formed on the first surface of the second electrode 123 by, for example, sputtering, to conform to the shape of the plurality of protective layers 13. Next, portions of the conductive layer 140, the second electrode 123, and the OLED layer 122 corresponding to the regions between adjacent sub-pixels 10 are removed by, for example, photolithography, thereby dividing the conductive layer 140, the second electrode 123, and the OLED layer 122 into portions corresponding to the regions between adjacent sub-pixels 10. As a result, as... Figure 7As shown in Figure A, a plurality of stacked bodies 120, each including a light-emitting element 12, a protective layer 13 and a connecting portion 14, are formed on the first surface of the driving substrate 11.

[0157] (The process of forming protective layer 15)

[0158] Next, as Figure 7 As shown in Figure B, the protective layer 15 is formed on the first surface of the drive substrate 11 by, for example, a CVD method so as to coincide with the recess 124 between adjacent stacked bodies 120. Thus, the recess 151 is formed inside the recess 124.

[0159] (The process of forming a low refractive index layer 16)

[0160] Next, as Figure 7 As shown in Figure C, a low-refractive-index layer 16 is formed on the first surface of the protective layer 15 using, for example, a CVD method to fill the recess 151. Next, the entire first surface of the low-refractive-index layer 16 is etched back using, for example, a dry etching process. Therefore, as... Figure 8 As shown in Figure A, the first surface of the upper portion 141 of the connecting portion 14 is exposed.

[0161] (The process of forming the third electrode 17)

[0162] Next, as Figure 8 As shown in Figure B, a third electrode 17 is formed, for example, on the first surfaces of the plurality of upper portions 141 and on the first surfaces of the protective layer 15 and the low-refractive-index layer 16 filling the recess 124 by sputtering. Therefore, the first surfaces of the plurality of upper portions 141 are in contact with the second surfaces of the third electrode 17.

[0163] (Process for forming planarization layer 18)

[0164] Next, the resin composition is coated on the first surface of the third electrode 17 and then cured by, for example, light irradiation or heating to form a planarization layer 18.

[0165] (The process of forming color filter 19)

[0166] Next, a green resist is coated on the first surface of the planarization layer 18, and after pattern exposure by ultraviolet light through a photomask, development is performed to form a green color layer 190G. Next, a red resist is coated on the first surface of the planarization layer 18, and after pattern exposure by ultraviolet light through a photomask, development is performed to form a red color layer 190R. Next, a blue resist is coated on the first surface of the planarization layer 18, and after pattern exposure by ultraviolet light through a photomask, development is performed to form a blue color layer 190B. As a result, a color filter 19 is formed on the first surface of the planarization layer 18. Through the above process, a display device 101 according to one embodiment is obtained.

[0167] [Functions and Effects]

[0168] As described above, in the display device 101 according to one embodiment, since the third electrode 17 contacts the entire first surface (the entire upper surface) of the upper portion 141 of each of the plurality of connecting portions 14, the contact area between the connecting portion 14 and the third electrode 17 can be increased. Therefore, the increase in contact resistance between the connecting portion 14 and the third electrode 17 can be suppressed. Furthermore, poor contact between the connecting portion 14 and the third electrode 17 during the manufacturing process of the display device 101 can be suppressed. Therefore, the reduction in the quality stability of the display device 101 can be suppressed.

[0169] <3 Variations>

[0170] [Variation Example 1]

[0171] In one embodiment, an example has been described of the third electrode 17 contacting the entire first surface of each upper portion 141 in the display area RE1 (see [link to documentation]). Figure 5 However, the contact state between the third electrode 17 and the plurality of upper portions 141 is not limited to this example, and the third electrode 17 may contact a portion of the first surface of each upper portion 141 in the display area RE1. For example, as Figure 9 As shown, the third electrode 17 may have a protrusion 171. The protrusion 171 protrudes toward the upper portion 141, and the top portion of the protrusion 171 may contact the center portion of the first surface of the upper portion 141. From the viewpoint of increasing the contact area between the protrusion 171 and the upper portion 141, the top of the protrusion 171 preferably has a flat shape. A recess is formed on the back side of the protrusion 171 (the side opposite to the protrusion 171). The protrusion 171 is a so-called through hole and is provided in the protective layer 15. In Modification 1, a portion of the protective layer 15 is provided between the upper portion 141 and the third electrode 17. The protective layer 15 has a through hole between the upper portion 141 and the third electrode 17, and the protrusion 171 is provided in the through hole.

[0172] As described above, in the display device 101 of Modified Example 1, the third electrode 17 contacts the upper portion 141 of the connecting portion 14 via a protrusion 171 that serves as a through hole. As a result, an effect similar to that of the display device 101 according to one embodiment can be achieved.

[0173] Furthermore, in one embodiment, an example has been described in which the third electrode 17 is disposed between the protective layer 15 and the planarization layer 18, and between the low refractive index layer 16 and the planarization layer 18, in the region between adjacent sub-pixels 10 (see [link to documentation]). Figure 3 and 5 However, the arrangement of the third electrode 17 is not limited to this example, and can also be found in areas between adjacent sub-pixels 10, such as... Figure 9 As shown, the third electrode 17 can be disposed between the protective layer 15 and the low refractive index layer 16.

[0174] [Variation Example 2]

[0175] In one embodiment, a single conductive layer has been described forming the upper portion 141 and the side portion 142 of the connection portion 14 (see...). Figure 5 The example is provided. However, the configuration of the connecting part 14 is not limited to this example, and the upper part 141 and the side part 142 of the connecting part 14 may include, for example... Figure 10 The different conductive layers shown. Here, the different conductive layers can be conductive layers with different constituent materials, conductive layers with different numbers of layers, or both. In the case where the upper part 141 and the side part 142 include conductive layers with different constituent materials, either the upper part 141 or the side part 142 can be a metal layer and the other can be a transparent conductive layer.

[0176] The third electrode 17 can contact the first surface of the upper portion 141 and the upper end of the side portion 142. This increases the contact area between the third electrode 17 and the connecting portion 14. From the viewpoint of increasing the contact area between the third electrode 17 and the connecting portion 14, the third electrode 17 is preferably disposed from the first surface of the upper portion 141 to the side surface of the upper end of the side portion 142.

[0177] As described above, in the display device 101 according to Modification 2, since the upper part 141 and the side part 142 of the connecting part 14 include different conductive layers, properties such as optical properties may be different between the upper part 141 and the side part 142.

[0178] [Variation Example 3]

[0179] When the third electrode 17 has a protrusion 171, such as Figure 11As shown, the filling layer 20 can be disposed in a recess on the back side of the protrusion 171. The filling layer 20 can be a low refractive index layer having a refractive index lower than that of the protective layer 15. This configuration allows the component of light L incident on the side surface of the filling layer 20 at an incident angle greater than or equal to a predetermined value to be totally internally reflected at the side surface of the filling layer 20 and guided upward. Therefore, the front brightness of the display device 101 can be increased. The refractive index of the filling layer 20 can be lower than that of the third electrode 17.

[0180] The filling layer 20 can be a high refractive index layer with a higher refractive index than the protective layer 13. In this case, such as... Figure 12 As shown, light L incident on the second surface (lower surface) of the filling layer 20 is refracted at the second surface (lower surface) of the filling layer 20 and guided upward. Therefore, the front brightness of the display device 101 can be increased. The refractive index of the filling layer 20 can be higher than that of the third electrode 17 and / or the upper portion 141.

[0181] [Variation Example 4]

[0182] In the upper portion 141 and the side portion 142 of the connecting portion 14, the side portion 142 may include a metal layer. This configuration allows light L emitted laterally from the light-emitting element 12 to be reflected at the side portion 142 and guided upwards, such as... Figure 13 As shown. Therefore, the brightness of the front side of the display device 101 can be increased. As the material of the metal layer, a material similar to the material of the metal layer of the second electrode 123 described above can be used.

[0183] The upper portion 141 may include a transparent conductive layer. More specifically, the upper portion 141 may include a metal layer or a transparent conductive oxide layer, and from the viewpoint of improving the light transmittance of the upper portion 141, it is preferable to include a transparent conductive oxide layer. As the material for the transparent conductive oxide layer, a material similar to the material of the transparent conductive oxide layer of the first electrode 121 described above can be exemplified. The upper portion 141 and the side portion 142 may have different thicknesses.

[0184] [Variation Example 5]

[0185] When the third electrode 17 has a protrusion 171, the protective layer 21 can be provided on the first surface of the upper portion 141, such as... Figure 14As shown, protective layer 21 is an example of a third protective layer. Protective layer 21 has an opening, and protrusion 171 contacts the first surface of upper portion 141 through the opening. This opening is located at the center of the light-emitting element 12 in the plan view. Since protective layer 21 is provided on the first surface of upper portion 141, upper portion 141 can be protected during the manufacturing process of display device 101. Specifically, for example, it can suppress processing of upper portion 141 due to over-etching. Furthermore, protective layer 21 may have the function of preventing moisture from entering the connecting portion 14, light-emitting element 12, etc., from the external environment. Materials similar to the inorganic materials of protective layer 13 can be cited as materials for protective layer 21.

[0186] [Variation Example 6]

[0187] like Figure 15 As shown, protective layer 22 can be provided on the outer peripheral surface of side portion 142. Protective layer 22 is an example of a fourth protective layer. Protective layer 22 has a closed-loop shape in the plan view and substantially covers the entire outer peripheral surface of side portion 142. Since protective layer 22 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of side portion 142, side portion 142 can be protected during the manufacturing process of display device 101. Specifically, for example, it can suppress processing of side portion 142 due to over-etching. Furthermore, protective layer 21 can have the function of suppressing moisture from entering the connection portion 14, light-emitting element 12, etc. from the external environment. Materials similar to the inorganic materials of protective layer 13 can be cited as materials for protective layer 22.

[0188] Note that both protective layer 21 in Modified Example 5 and protective layer 22 in Modified Example 6 can be provided. In this case, protective layer 21 and protective layer 22 may comprise the same material or different materials.

[0189] [Variation Example 7]

[0190] The connecting portion 14 located on the periphery of the display area RE1 may have an opening 141a in a part of the upper portion 141, such as Figure 16 As shown. The opening 141a can be arranged off-center from the center of the connecting portion 14 toward the periphery of the display area RE1 in the plan view. This allows light L emitted from the light-emitting element 12 to be extracted outward through the off-center opening 141a. Therefore, the main ray axis of the sub-pixel 10 can be tilted outward from the display area RE1 at the peripheral portion. Thus, the CRA of the display device 101 can be increased.

[0191] In the plan view, the opening 141a may be disposed between the center of the connecting portion 14 and the side portion 142. The opening 141a may be disposed adjacent to the side portion 142. In Modification 7, the connecting portion 14 (i.e., the upper portion 141 and the side portion 142) may include a metal layer. This configuration allows light L emitted from the light-emitting element 12 in directions other than the direction toward the opening 141a to be reflected at the connecting portion 14, the first electrode 121, etc., and then extracted through the opening 141a. Therefore, the directionality of the light emitted from the sub-pixel 10 can be improved.

[0192] In the plan view, the coloring layer 190 located on the periphery of the display area RE1 can be arranged eccentrically relative to the center of the light-emitting element 12 along the eccentric direction of the opening 141a. That is, the coloring layer 190 can be arranged eccentrically relative to the center of the light-emitting element 12 toward the periphery of the display area RE1. In this disclosure, the center of the light-emitting element 12 in the plan view refers to the geometric center of the light-emitting element 12 in the plan view.

[0193] [Variation Example 8]

[0194] In Modification 7, an example is described where the opening 141a is eccentrically positioned relative to the center of the connecting portion 14 and toward the periphery of the display area RE1 in a plan view. However, the position of the opening 141a in the upper portion 141 is not limited to this example. For example, the opening 141a may be eccentrically positioned relative to the center of the connecting portion 14 and toward the center of the display area RE1 in a plan view. This allows light L emitted from the light-emitting element 12 to be extracted outward through the center-eccentrically positioned opening 141a. Therefore, the main ray axis of the sub-pixel 10 can be tilted inward at the periphery of the display area RE1. In this disclosure, the center of the display area RE1 in a plan view refers to the geometric center of the display area RE1 in a plan view.

[0195] In the plan view, the color layer 190 located on the outer portion of the display area RE1 can be arranged eccentrically relative to the center of the light-emitting element 12 along the eccentric direction of the opening 141a. That is, the color layer 190 can be arranged eccentrically relative to the center of the light-emitting element 12 toward the center of the display area RE1.

[0196] [Variation Example 9]

[0197] like Figure 17As shown, the protective layer 13 located on the periphery of the display area RE1 may have a stepped portion 13St on a first surface (upper surface). The stepped portion 13St has a lower surface (first surface) 13S1 and an upper surface (second surface) 13S2 that is higher than the lower surface 13S1. The stepped portion 13St descends from the center of the display area RE1 toward its periphery. That is, of the lower surface 13S1 and the upper surface 13S2, the lower surface 13S1 is positioned adjacent to the periphery of the display area RE1, and the upper surface 13S2 is positioned adjacent to the center of the display area RE1.

[0198] The connecting portion 14 has an opening 141a. The opening 141a is provided above the lower surface 13S1 and the stepped portion 13S12 of the protective layer 13. According to this structure, the opening 141a is eccentrically arranged relative to the center of the connecting portion 14 towards the periphery of the display area RE1 in the plan view. Here, the stepped portion 13S12 refers to the portion between the lower surface 13S1 and the upper surface 13S2. In Modified Example 9, the third electrode 17 contacts the connecting portion 14 on the upper surface 13S2 of the stepped portion 13S1.

[0199] Since the lower surface 13S1 is closer to the light-emitting element 12 than the upper surface 13S2, the position of the opening 141a becomes closer to the light-emitting element 12, thereby allowing the light L emitted from the light-emitting element 12 to the wide-angle side to be easily extracted through the opening 141a. Therefore, the main ray axis of the sub-pixel 10 can be further tilted outward of the display area RE1 at the peripheral portion of the display area RE1, thereby further increasing the CRA of the display device 101.

[0200] In Modification 9, the connecting portion 14 (i.e., the upper portion 141 and the side portion 142) may include a metal layer. This configuration allows light L emitted from the light-emitting element 12 in directions other than the direction toward the opening 141a to be reflected at the connecting portion 14, the first electrode 121, etc., and then extracted through the opening 141a. Therefore, the directionality of light emitted from the sub-pixel 10 can be improved.

[0201] In variation 7, the coloring layer 190 located on the periphery of the display area RE1 can be arranged eccentrically toward the periphery of the display area RE1 relative to the center of the light-emitting element 12.

[0202] [Variation Example 10]

[0203] In Variation Example 9, an example has been described where the stepped portion 13St descends from the center of the display area RE1 toward its periphery. However, the shape of the stepped portion 13St is not limited to this example.

[0204] For example, the stepped portion 13St can rise from the center of the display area RE1 toward its periphery. That is, of the lower surface 13S1 and the upper surface 13S2, the lower surface 13S1 is positioned adjacent to the center of the display area RE1, and the upper surface 13S2 is positioned adjacent to the periphery of the display area RE1. In this case, the principal ray axis of the sub-pixel 10 can be further inclined toward the interior of the display area RE1 in the peripheral portion of the display area RE1.

[0205] In variation 8, the coloring layer 190 located on the periphery of the display area RE1 can be arranged off-center from the center of the light-emitting element 12 toward the center of the display area RE1.

[0206] [Variation Example 11]

[0207] like Figure 18 As shown, the connecting portion 14 located on the periphery of the display area RE1 may have an opening 142a in the portion of the side portion 142 adjacent to the periphery of the display area RE1. This configuration allows light L emitted at a wide angle from the light-emitting element located on the periphery of the display area RE1 and directed towards the outside of the display area RE1 to be extracted through the opening 142a of the side portion 142. Therefore, the main ray axis of the sub-pixel 10 can be tilted outward from the display area RE1 at the periphery of the display area RE1. Therefore, the CRA of the display device 101 can be increased.

[0208] In variation 11, the upper portion 141 may include a light-transmitting conductive layer, and the side portion 142 may include a metal layer. This configuration allows light L incident from the light-emitting element 12 on the side portion 142 to be reflected at the side portion 142 and then extracted through the upper portion 141 or the opening 141a. However, the configuration of the connecting portion 14 is not limited to this example, and both the upper portion 141 and the side portion 142 may include metal layers.

[0209] In variation 7, the coloring layer 190 located on the periphery of the display area RE1 can be arranged eccentrically toward the periphery of the display area RE1 relative to the center of the light-emitting element 12.

[0210] [Variation Example 12]

[0211] In Variation 9, an example has been described in which the connecting portion 14 located on the periphery of the display area RE1 has an opening 142a in a portion of the side portion 142 adjacent to the periphery of the display area RE1. However, the location of the opening 142a in the side portion 142 is not limited to this example. For example, the connecting portion 14 located on the periphery of the display area RE1 may have an opening 142a in a portion of the side portion 142 adjacent to the center of the display area RE1. In this case, the principal ray axis of the sub-pixel 10 may be inclined inward towards the periphery of the display area RE1.

[0212] In variation 8, the coloring layer 190 located on the periphery of the display area RE1 can be arranged off-center from the center of the light-emitting element 12 toward the center of the display area RE1.

[0213] [Variation Example 13]

[0214] The display device 101 according to variations 7 to 12 can be installed in an optical system such as eyeglasses (e.g., VR device, MR device, AR device, etc.) or EVF.

[0215] Figure 19 A is a schematic diagram of the optical system 40a. The optical system 40a includes a display device 101 according to Modification 7, Modification 9, or Modification 11 and an imaging lens 41. The display device 101 is positioned facing the imaging lens 41. The optical system 40a has an optical axis 40Ax that passes through the center of the display area RE1 of the display device 101 and is perpendicular to the display surface of the display device 101. Here, the center of the display area RE1 refers to the geometric center of the display area RE1 when viewed from above. In the display device 101 according to Modification 7, Modification 9, or Modification 11, light L emitted from the light-emitting element 12 located at the peripheral portion of the display area RE1 propagates relative to the optical axis 40Ax of the optical system 40a. This allows light L emitted from the peripheral portion of the display area RE1 to be incident on the peripheral portion of the imaging lens 41.

[0216] Figure 19 B is a schematic diagram of the optical system 40b. The optical system 40b includes a display device 101 according to Modification 8, Modification 10, or Modification 12 and an imaging lens 41. In the display device 101 according to Modification 8, Modification 10, or Modification 12, light L emitted from the light-emitting element 12 located at the peripheral portion of the display area RE1 converges toward the optical axis 40Ax of the optical system 40b. This allows light L emitted from the peripheral portion of the display area RE1 to be incident on the peripheral portion of the imaging lens 41.

[0217] [Variation Example 14]

[0218] like Figure 20 As shown, the display device 101 may further include a lens array 23 on the first surface of the color filter 19. The display device 101 may further include a planarization layer (not shown) between the color filter 19 and the lens array 23.

[0219] Lens array 23 includes a plurality of lenses 230. Each of the plurality of lenses 230 is disposed above a corresponding light-emitting element 12. Lens 230 can converge light incident from the light-emitting element 12 in a forward direction. Lens 230 is a convex lens having a convex focusing surface on the side opposite to the light-emitting element 12. The focusing surface of lens 230 preferably has a convex curved shape. The plurality of lenses 230 are so-called on-chip microlenses (OCL) and are arranged two-dimensionally on the first surface of color filter 19 or the first surface of planarization layer (not shown) in a predetermined arrangement pattern. In one embodiment, the predetermined arrangement pattern is as described for a predetermined arrangement pattern of a plurality of sub-pixels 10. In a plan view, the center of lens 230 may substantially coincide with the center of the light-emitting area of ​​light-emitting element 12.

[0220] Lens 230 comprises, for example, an organic or inorganic material that is transparent to visible light. Organic materials include, for example, cured products of photosensitive resin compositions such as ultraviolet-curable resin compositions. Inorganic materials include, for example, at least one selected from the group consisting of silicon nitride (SiNx), silicon oxynitride (SiOxNy), etc. Lens 230 may include a filler. The refractive index of lens 230 can be adjusted by regulating the content of the filler included in lens 230. The filler may be an inorganic filler. Inorganic fillers include, for example, at least one selected from the group consisting of alumina (AlOx), titanium oxide (TiOx), zirconium oxide (ZrOx), etc. The filler may be a hollow filler.

[0221] Lens 230 can be set in all sub-pixels 10 of the display area RE1, or it can be set in only some sub-pixels 10 of all sub-pixels 10 of the display area RE1, for example, in some sub-pixels 10 of some areas.

[0222] As described above, because the display device 101 includes a lens array 23 on the first surface of the color filter 19 or the first surface of the planarization layer (not shown), the light emitted from the color filter 19 can be converged by the lens array 23. Therefore, the light extraction efficiency of the display device 101 can be improved.

[0223] [Variation Example 15]

[0224] In the above embodiments, an example has been described where the display device 101 includes a plurality of light-emitting elements 12 capable of emitting white light and a color filter 19, and can be used to display a color image in combination; however, the method of coloring the display device 101 is not limited thereto. For example, instead of a plurality of light-emitting elements 12 capable of emitting white light, the display device 101 may include a plurality of light-emitting elements capable of emitting red light, a plurality of light-emitting elements capable of emitting green light, and a plurality of light-emitting elements capable of emitting blue light. In this case, the color filter is not a necessary component and may or may not be provided.

[0225] A light-emitting element capable of emitting light of a predetermined color (red, green, or blue) is, for example: (1) a light-emitting element comprising a light-emitting layer capable of emitting light of a predetermined color (red, green, or blue); (2) a light-emitting element comprising a light-emitting layer capable of emitting white light and capable of enhancing light of a predetermined wavelength (red, green, or blue) contained in the white light emitted by the light-emitting layer through resonance in a resonator structure; or (3) a light-emitting element comprising a light-emitting layer capable of emitting light of a predetermined color (red, green, or blue) and capable of enhancing light of a predetermined wavelength contained in the light of a predetermined color emitted by the light-emitting layer through resonance in a resonator structure.

[0226] [Variation Example 16]

[0227] In one of the above embodiments, an example of setting a color filter 19 has been described; however, a quantum dot layer may be provided instead of or together with the color filter 19. The quantum dot layer is a color conversion layer comprising quantum dots (semiconductor particles) and capable of converting the color of light emitted from multiple light-emitting elements. In this case, the multiple light-emitting elements 12 may be configured to emit blue light.

[0228] [Variation Example 17]

[0229] In one of the embodiments described above, the light-emitting element 12 has been described as an example of an OLED element. However, the light-emitting element 12 is not limited to this example and may be, for example, a self-emissive light-emitting element, such as a light-emitting diode (LED) element, an inorganic electroluminescent (IEL) element, a quantum dot light-emitting diode (QLED) element, or a semiconductor laser element. Two or more types of light-emitting elements may be provided in the display device 101.

[0230] [Variation Example 18]

[0231] In the above embodiments, an example has been described in which the first electrode 121 is an anode electrode and the second electrode 123 is a cathode electrode; however, the first electrode 121 and the second electrode 123 are not limited to this example, and the first electrode 121 may be a cathode electrode and the second electrode 123 may be an anode electrode.

[0232] [Other variations]

[0233] Although one embodiment of the present disclosure and its variations (hereinafter referred to as "one embodiment, etc.") have been specifically described above, the present disclosure is not limited to one embodiment, etc., and various variations can be made based on the technical concept of the present disclosure.

[0234] For example, the configuration, method, process, shape, material, and values ​​in one implementation are merely examples, and different configurations, methods, processes, shapes, materials, and values ​​may be used as needed.

[0235] Without departing from the spirit of this disclosure, the configuration, method, process, shape, material, values, etc. in an embodiment may be combined with each other.

[0236] Unless otherwise stated, the materials illustrated in one embodiment, etc., may be used individually or in combination of two or more.

[0237] In addition, the following configurations may be used in this disclosure. (1)

[0239] A display device, comprising: Multiple light-emitting elements arranged in two dimensions, each light-emitting element including a first electrode, a light-emitting layer and a second electrode; Multiple first protective layers are respectively disposed on each of the multiple light-emitting elements; Multiple connecting portions, each connecting portion including an upper portion disposed on the upper surface of a corresponding one of the first protective layers and a side portion disposed on the side surface of a corresponding one of the first protective layers; and The third electrode contacts each of the upper portions of the plurality of connecting parts. (2)

[0241] According to the display device described in (1), wherein, The third electrode is in contact with the entire upper surface of each part. (3)

[0243] According to the display device described in (1), wherein, The third electrode includes a protrusion that extends upward and contacts the upper part. (4)

[0245] The display device according to (3) further includes: A second protective layer is disposed between the upper part and the third electrode; and A filler layer is provided inside the protrusion, wherein The refractive index of the filling layer is lower than that of the second protective layer. (5)

[0247] The display device according to (3) further includes: A filler layer is provided inside the protrusion, wherein The refractive index of the filling layer is higher than that of the first protective layer. (6)

[0249] The display device according to any one of (3) to (5) further includes: Multiple third protective layers are individually installed on each of the multiple upper parts. (7)

[0251] The display device according to any one of (1) to (6) further includes: The fourth protective layer covers the outer peripheral surface of the side. (8)

[0253] The display device according to any one of (1) to (7), wherein, The upper and side portions include different conductive layers. (9)

[0255] The display device according to any one of (1) to (8), wherein, The upper part includes a light-transmitting conductive layer, and The side includes a metal layer. (10)

[0257] The display device according to any one of (1) to (9), wherein, At least some of the multiple connecting parts each have an opening in the side. (11)

[0259] The display device according to any one of (1) to (8), wherein, Among the multiple connecting parts, the connecting part located on the outer part of the display area has an opening in the side part adjacent to the outer part of the display area. (12)

[0261] According to the display device described in (11), wherein, The side with the opening includes a metal layer. (13)

[0263] The display device according to any one of (1) to (8), wherein, At least some of the multiple connecting parts each have an opening in the upper part, and The opening is arranged off-center from the center of the corresponding connection in the plan view. (14)

[0265] The display device according to any one of (1) to (8), wherein, Among the multiple connecting parts, the connecting part located on the periphery of the display area has an opening in its upper part, and The opening is arranged eccentrically toward the periphery of the display area relative to the center of the connection in the plan view. (15)

[0267] According to the display device described in (14), wherein, The upper and side sections include metal layers. (16)

[0269] The display device according to any one of (1) to (9), wherein, Each of the first protective layers includes a stepped portion, the stepped portion having a first surface and a second surface with a height greater than the height of the first surface, and Each of the connecting parts has an opening at a position corresponding to the first surface. (17)

[0271] An electronic device comprising a display device according to any one of (1) to (16).

[0272] <4. Relationship between the normals passing through the centers of the light-emitting part, the lens component, and the wavelength selection part>

[0273] The relationship between the normal LN passing through the center of the light-emitting part, the normal LN′ passing through the center of the lens member, and the normal LN″ passing through the center of the wavelength selection part will be described below. Here, the light-emitting part is, for example, the light-emitting element 12 (see, for example, see...). Figure 21 Lens components, for example, are lens 231 (see, for example, see...). Figure 21 The wavelength selection unit is, for example, a coloring layer 221 (see, for example, see...). Figure 21 ).

[0274] It should be noted that the size of the wavelength selective section can be appropriately changed according to the light emitted from the light-emitting section, or, in the case where the light-absorbing section (e.g., the black matrix section) is located between the wavelength selective sections of adjacent light-emitting sections, the size of the light-absorbing section can be appropriately changed according to the light emitted from the light-emitting section. Furthermore, the size of the wavelength selective section can be appropriately changed according to the distance (offset) d0 between the normal passing through the center of the light-emitting section and the normal passing through the center of the wavelength selective section. The planar shape of the wavelength selective section can be the same as, similar to, or different from the planar shape of the lens component.

[0275] In the following text, see references Figure 21 A, Figure 21 B. Figure 21 C and Figure 22 The relationship between the normals passing through the center of the light-emitting part 51, the wavelength selection part 52 and the lens member 53 when these components are arranged in this order will be described.

[0276] like Figure 21As shown in Figure A, the normal LN passing through the center of the light-emitting part 51, the normal LN″ passing through the center of the wavelength selection part 52, and the normal LN′ passing through the center of the lens member 53 can be aligned with each other. That is, D0=0 and d0=0 can be satisfied. Here, D0 represents the distance (offset) between the normal LN passing through the center of the light-emitting part 51 and the normal LN′ passing through the center of the lens member 53, and d0 represents the distance (offset) between the normal LN passing through the center of the light-emitting part 51 and the normal LN″ passing through the center of the wavelength selection part 52.

[0277] like Figure 21 As shown in B, the following configuration can be adopted: the normal LN passing through the center of the light-emitting part 51 and the normal LN″ passing through the center of the wavelength selection part 52 are consistent with each other, but the normal LN passing through the center of the light-emitting part 51 and the normal LN″ passing through the center of the wavelength selection part 52 are inconsistent with the normal LN′ passing through the center of the lens member 53. That is, D0>0 and d0=0 can be satisfied.

[0278] like Figure 21 As shown in C, the following configuration can be adopted: the normal LN passing through the center of the light-emitting part 51 is not the same as the normal LN″ passing through the center of the wavelength selection part 52 and the normal LN′ passing through the center of the lens member 53, but the normal LN″ passing through the center of the wavelength selection part 52 and the normal LN′ passing through the center of the lens member 53 are the same as each other. That is, D0>0, d0>0 and D0=d0 can be satisfied.

[0279] like Figure 22 As shown, the normal LN passing through the center of the light-emitting part 51, the normal LN″ passing through the center of the wavelength selection part 52, and the normal LN′ passing through the center of the lens member 53 can be configured such that they are not mutually exclusive. That is, D0>0, d0>0, and D0≠d0 can be satisfied. Here, the center of the wavelength selection part 52 (by...) Figure 22 The position indicated by the black square in the diagram is preferably located at the center of the connection between the light-emitting part 51 and the center of the lens component 53 (by...). Figure 22 On the straight line LL (indicated by the black circle in the diagram). Specifically, assume that in the thickness direction ( Figure 22 The distance between the center of the light-emitting portion 51 and the center of the wavelength selection portion 52 in the vertical direction is represented by LL1, and the distance between the center of the wavelength selection portion 52 and the center of the lens member 53 in the thickness direction is represented by LL2. Preferably, the distance between them is: D0>d0>0 The requirements are met, and the changes in manufacturing have been taken into account. d0:D0=LL1:(LL1+LL2) satisfy.

[0280] Here, the thickness direction refers to the thickness direction of the light-emitting part 51, the wavelength selection part 52, and the lens member 53.

[0281] In the following text, see references Figure 23 A, 23, B, and 24 will describe the relationship between the normals passing through the centers of the light-emitting part 51, the lens member 53, and the wavelength selection part 52 when these components are arranged in this order.

[0282] like Figure 23 As shown in Figure A, the following configuration can be adopted: the normal LN passing through the center of the light-emitting part 51, the normal LN″ passing through the center of the wavelength selection part 52, and the normal LN′ passing through the center of the lens member 53 are consistent with each other. That is, D0>0 and d0=0 can be satisfied.

[0283] like Figure 23 As shown in B, the following configuration can be adopted: the normal LN passing through the center of the light-emitting part 51 is not the same as the normal LN″ passing through the center of the wavelength selection part 52 and the normal LN′ passing through the center of the lens member 53, but the normal LN″ passing through the center of the wavelength selection part 52 and the normal LN′ passing through the center of the lens member 53 are the same as each other. That is, D0>0, d0>0 and D0=d0 can be satisfied.

[0284] like Figure 24 As shown, the following configuration can be adopted: the normal LN passing through the center of the light-emitting part 51, the normal LN″ passing through the center of the wavelength selection part 52, and the normal LN′ passing through the center of the lens member 53 are not the same as each other. Here, the center of the lens member 53 (by...) Figure 24 The position indicated by the black circle in the diagram is preferably located at the center connecting the light-emitting part 51 and the wavelength selection part 52 (by...). Figure 24 On the straight line LL (indicated by the position of the black square in the diagram). Specifically, assume that in the thickness direction ( Figure 24 The distance between the center of the light-emitting portion 51 in the vertical direction and the center of the lens member 53 is represented by LL2, and the distance between the center of the lens member 53 in the thickness direction and the center of the wavelength selection portion 52 is represented by LL1. Preferably, the distance between the center of the lens member 53 in the thickness direction and the center of the wavelength selection portion 52 is: d0>D0>0 The requirements are met, and the changes in manufacturing have been taken into account. D0: d0 = LL2: (LL1 + LL2) satisfy.

[0285] Here, the thickness direction refers to the thickness direction of the light-emitting part 51, the wavelength selection part 52, and the lens member 53.

[0286] <5 Examples of Resonator Structures>

[0287] The sub-pixels 10 (hereinafter referred to as "the display device 101, etc. according to one embodiment") in the display device 101 according to one embodiment and a modified version of the display device 101 according to one embodiment may have a resonator structure that causes the light generated by the light-emitting element 12 to resonate. The resonator structure will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Furthermore, in the following description, the first surface of each layer may be referred to as the upper surface.

[0288] (Resonator structure: First example)

[0289] Figure 25 A is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a first example of the resonator structure. It should be noted that in the following description, the light-emitting elements configured to correspond to sub-pixels 10R, 10G, and 10B, respectively, are referred to collectively as light-emitting element 12 unless otherwise specifically distinguished. When configured to correspond to sub-pixels 10R, 10G, and 10B, those light-emitting elements may be referred to as light-emitting elements 12R, 12G, and 12B. The portions of OLED layer 122 corresponding to sub-pixels 10R, 10G, and 10B, respectively, may be referred to as OLED layer 122R, OLED layer 122G, and OLED layer 122B.

[0290] In the first example, the first electrode 121 has a common film thickness in each light-emitting element 12. The same applies to the second electrode 123.

[0291] A reflector 71 is disposed below the first electrode 121 of the light-emitting element 12, with an optical adjustment layer 72 interposed therebetween. A resonator structure for resonating the light generated by the OLED layer 122 is formed between the reflector 71 and the second electrode 123. In the following description, the optical adjustment layer 72, which is configured to correspond to sub-pixels 10R, 10G, and 10B respectively, may be referred to as the optical adjustment layer 72. R 72 G and 72 B .

[0292] The reflector 71 has a common film thickness in each light-emitting element 12. The film thickness of the optical adjustment layer 72 varies according to the color to be displayed by the sub-pixel. Due to the optical adjustment layer 72... R 72 G 72 B With different film thicknesses, an optical distance can be set that causes optimal resonance for the wavelength of light corresponding to the color to be displayed.

[0293] exist Figure 25In the example shown in A, the reflectors 71 are arranged such that their respective upper surfaces are flush with each other in the light-emitting elements 12R, 12G, 12B. As described above, because the film thickness of the optical adjustment layer 72 varies in a manner that depends on the color to be displayed by the sub-pixel, the position of the upper surface of the second electrode 123 varies in a manner that depends on the type of light-emitting elements 12R, 12G, and 12B.

[0294] For example, metals such as aluminum (Al), silver (Ag), copper (Cu), or alloys containing these metals as the main components can be used to form the reflector 71.

[0295] The optical conditioning layer 72 may include, for example, silicon nitride (SiN). x ), silicon dioxide (SiO) x ) or silicon oxynitride (SiO) x N y The optical adjustment layer 72 can be an inorganic insulating material or an organic resin material such as acrylic resin or polyimide resin. It can be a single layer or a multilayer film comprising various materials. Furthermore, the number of layers can vary depending on the type of light-emitting element 12.

[0296] The first electrode 121 can be formed using a transparent conductive material such as indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), or zinc oxide (ZnO).

[0297] The second electrode 123 needs to be used as a semi-transparent reflective film. The second electrode 123 can be formed using magnesium (Mg), silver (Ag), magnesium-silver alloys (MgAg) containing these metals as the main components, alloys containing alkali metals or alkaline earth metals, etc.

[0298] (Resonator structure: Second example)

[0299] Figure 25 B is a schematic cross-sectional view used to describe a second example of a resonator structure.

[0300] In the second example, the first electrode 121 and the second electrode 123 have a common film thickness in each light-emitting element 12.

[0301] Then, also in the second example, the reflector 71 is arranged below the first electrode 121 of the light-emitting element 12, with the optical adjustment layer 72 interposed therebetween. A resonator structure that causes the light generated by the OLED layer 122 to resonate is formed between the reflector 71 and the second electrode 123. As in the first example, the reflector 71 has a common film thickness in each light-emitting element 12, and the film thickness of the optical adjustment layer 72 varies in a manner that depends on the color to be displayed by the sub-pixel.

[0302] exist Figure 25In the first example shown in A, the reflectors 71 are arranged such that their respective upper surfaces are flush with each other in the light-emitting elements 12R, 12G, 12B, and the position of the upper surface of the second electrode 123 varies in a manner that depends on the type of light-emitting elements 12R, 12G, 12B.

[0303] On the other hand, Figure 26 In the second example shown in B, the second electrodes 123 are arranged such that their respective upper surfaces are flush with each other in the light-emitting elements 12R, 12G, 12B. To make the upper surfaces of the second electrodes 123 flush with each other, the reflectors 71 in the light-emitting elements 12R, 12G, 12B are arranged such that the positions of their respective upper surfaces vary depending on the type of the light-emitting elements 12R, 12G, 12B. Therefore, the lower surface of the reflector 71 (in other words, the upper surface of the bottom layer (insulating layer) 73) forms a stepped shape according to the type of the light-emitting element 12.

[0304] The materials constituting the reflector 71, optical adjustment layer 72, first electrode 121 and second electrode 123 are similar to those described in the first example, and therefore their description will be omitted.

[0305] (Resonator structure: Third example)

[0306] Figure 26 A is a schematic cross-sectional view used to describe a third example of a resonator structure. In the following description, the reflectors 71, which are configured to correspond to sub-pixels 10R, 10G, and 10B respectively, may be referred to as reflectors 71R, 71G, and 71B.

[0307] Similarly, in the third example, the first electrode 121 and the second electrode 123 are formed with a common film thickness in each light-emitting element 12.

[0308] Then, also in the third example, the reflector 71 is arranged below the first electrode 121 of the light-emitting element 12, with the optical adjustment layer 72 interposed therebetween. A resonator structure that causes the light generated by the OLED layer 122 to resonate is formed between the reflector 71 and the second electrode 123. As in the first and second examples, the film thickness of the optical adjustment layer 72 varies in a manner that depends on the color to be displayed by the sub-pixel. Then, as in the second example, the second electrodes 123 are arranged such that their respective upper surfaces are flush with each other in the light-emitting elements 12R, 12G, and 12B.

[0309] exist Figure 25 In the second example shown in B, in order to make the upper surfaces of the second electrodes 123 flush with each other, the lower surface of the reflector 71 is formed into a stepped shape according to the type of light-emitting element 12.

[0310] On the other hand, Figure 26In the third example shown in A, the film thickness of reflector 71 is set to vary depending on the type of light-emitting elements 12R, 12G, and 12B. More specifically, the film thickness is set such that the lower surfaces of reflectors 71R, 71G, and 71B are flush with each other.

[0311] The materials constituting the reflector 71, optical adjustment layer 72, first electrode 121 and second electrode 123 are similar to those described in the first example, and therefore their description will be omitted.

[0312] (Resonator Structure: Fourth Example)

[0313] Figure 26 B is a schematic cross-sectional view used to describe a fourth example of the resonator structure. In the following description, the first electrode 121, which is set to correspond to the sub-pixels 10R, 10G, and 10B respectively, will be referred to as the first electrode 121R, 121G, and 121B.

[0314] exist Figure 26 In the first example shown in A, the first electrode 121 and the second electrode 123 of each light-emitting element 12 are formed to have a common film thickness. Then, a reflector 71 is arranged below the first electrode 121 of the light-emitting element 12, with an optical adjustment layer 72 interposed therebetween.

[0315] On the other hand, Figure 26 In the fourth example shown in B, the optical adjustment layer 72 is omitted, and the film thickness of the first electrode 121 is set to vary depending on the type of light-emitting elements 12R, 12G, 12B.

[0316] The reflector 71 has a common film thickness in each light-emitting element 12. The film thickness of the first electrode 121 varies in a manner that depends on the color to be displayed by the sub-pixel. Due to the first electrode 121... R 121 G 121 B Because the film thickness varies, it is possible to set the optical distance that produces the optimal resonance with the wavelength of light corresponding to the displayed color.

[0317] The materials constituting the reflector 71, optical adjustment layer 72, first electrode 121 and second electrode 123 are similar to those described in the first example, and therefore their description will be omitted.

[0318] (Resonator Structure: Fifth Example)

[0319] Figure 27 A is a schematic cross-sectional view used to describe the fifth example of a resonator structure.

[0320] exist Figure 25In the first example shown in A, the first electrode 121 and the second electrode 123 have a common film thickness in each light-emitting element 12. Then, a reflector 71 is arranged below the first electrode 121 of the light-emitting element 12, with an optical adjustment layer 72 between them.

[0321] On the other hand, Figure 27 In the fifth example shown in A, the optical adjustment layer 72 is omitted, and instead, an oxide film 74 is formed on the surface of the reflector 71. The thickness of the oxide film 74 is set to vary depending on the type of light-emitting elements 12R, 12G, and 12B. In the following description, the oxide films 74 configured to correspond to sub-pixels 10R, 10G, and 10B, respectively, are referred to as oxide films 74R, 74G, and 74B.

[0322] The thickness of oxide film 74 varies depending on the display color of the sub-pixel. Furthermore, due to the oxide film 74... R 74 G 74 B Because the film thickness varies, it is possible to set the optical distance that produces the optimal resonance with the wavelength of light corresponding to the displayed color.

[0323] The oxide film 74 is a film obtained by oxidizing the surface of the reflector 71, and includes, for example, aluminum oxide, tantalum oxide, titanium oxide, magnesium oxide, zirconium oxide, etc. The oxide film 74 serves as an insulating film for adjusting the optical path length (optical distance) between the reflector 71 and the second electrode 123.

[0324] For example, an oxide film 74 can be formed with a film thickness that varies depending on the type of light-emitting element 12R, 12G, and 12B.

[0325] First, a container is filled with an electrolyte, and the substrate on which the reflector 71 is formed is immersed in the electrolyte. Furthermore, electrodes are arranged to face the reflector 71.

[0326] Then, a positive voltage is applied to reflector 71 with the electrode as a reference to anodize reflector 71. The thickness of the oxide film obtained by anodizing is proportional to the voltage value relative to the electrode. Therefore, by applying a positive voltage to reflector 71... R 71 G and 71 B Anodizing is performed using a voltage corresponding to the type of light-emitting element 12. This allows oxide films 74 of varying thicknesses to be formed simultaneously.

[0327] The materials constituting the reflector 71, optical adjustment layer 72, first electrode 121 and second electrode 123 are similar to those described in the first example, so their description is omitted.

[0328] (Resonator Structure: Example 6)

[0329] Figure 27 B is a schematic cross-sectional view used to describe the sixth example of a resonator structure.

[0330] In the sixth example, the light-emitting element 12 includes a first electrode 121, an OLED layer 122, and a second electrode 123 stacked sequentially. However, in the sixth example, the first electrode 121 is formed to serve as both an electrode and a reflector. The first electrode (also serving as a reflector) 121 includes components according to the light-emitting element 12. R 12 G and 12 B The type of material chosen for the optical constants. Because of the phase shift change caused by the first electrode (also used as a reflector) 121, the optical distance that causes optimal resonance can be set for the wavelength of light corresponding to the color to be displayed.

[0331] The first electrode (also used as a reflector) 121 can be configured using a single metal such as aluminum (Al), silver (Ag), gold (Au), or copper (Cu), or an alloy containing these metals as the main component. For example, the light-emitting element 12 R The first electrode (also used as a reflector) 121 R It may include copper (Cu), and a light-emitting element 12 G The first electrode (also used as a reflector) 121 G and light-emitting element 12 B The first electrode (also used as a reflector) 121 B It may include aluminum.

[0332] The materials used to configure the second electrode 123 are similar to those described in the first example, so their description will be omitted.

[0333] (Resonator Structure: Seventh Example)

[0334] Figure 28 This is a schematic cross-sectional view used to describe the seventh example of a resonator structure.

[0335] The seventh example essentially has the configuration of the sixth example applied to light-emitting elements 12R and 12G, and the first example applied to light-emitting element 12B. Furthermore, in this configuration, an optical distance that causes optimal resonance of the wavelength of light corresponding to the color to be displayed can be set.

[0336] For light-emitting element 12 R and 12 G First electrode 121 R and 121 G (Also used as a reflector) It can include a single metal such as aluminum (Al), silver (Ag), gold (Au), copper (Cu) or an alloy containing these metals as the main component.

[0337] The materials constituting the reflector 71B, optical adjustment layer 72B, and first electrode 121B for the light-emitting element 12B are similar to those described in the first example, and therefore their description is omitted.

[0338] <6 Application Examples>

[0339] (Electronic devices)

[0340] The display device 101 and the like according to one embodiment can be installed in various electronic devices. The display device 101 and the like according to one embodiment are particularly suitable for eyeglasses that require high resolution and are used near the eyes in a magnified manner, such as head-mounted displays, electronic viewfinders for cameras, or single-lens reflex cameras.

[0341] (Specific example 1)

[0342] Figure 29 A and 29B show examples of the appearance of the digital camera 310. The digital camera 310 is a single-lens reflex type with interchangeable lenses and includes an interchangeable imaging lens unit (interchangeable lens) 312 located substantially at the center of the front of the camera body (camera body) 311, and a grip portion 313 located on the left side of the front for the person taking the picture to hold.

[0343] The monitor 314 is positioned offset to the left from the center of the back of the camera body 311. An electronic viewfinder (eyepiece window) 315 is positioned above the monitor 314. By observing the electronic viewfinder 315, the person capturing the image can determine the composition by visually recognizing the optical image of the object guided by the imaging lens unit 312. The electronic viewfinder 315 includes any of a display device 101, etc., according to one embodiment.

[0344] (Specific example 2)

[0345] Figure 30 An example of the appearance of a head-mounted display 320 is shown. The head-mounted display 320 is an example of an eyeglass device. For example, the head-mounted display 320 includes ear hook portions 322 on both sides of an eyeglass-shaped display unit 321 that are worn on the user's head. The display unit 321 includes any of a display device 101 or the like according to one embodiment.

[0346] (Specific example 3)

[0347] Figure 31An example of the appearance of a television device 330 is shown. The television device 330 includes, for example, a video display screen unit 331 including a front panel 332 and a filter 333, and the video display screen unit 331 includes any of a display device 101 or the like according to one embodiment.

[0348] (Specific example 4)

[0349] Figure 32 An example of the appearance of a see-through head-mounted display 340 is shown. The see-through head-mounted display 340 is an example of an eyeglass device. The see-through head-mounted display 340 includes a main body 341, an arm 342, and a lens barrel 343.

[0350] The main body 341 is connected to the arm 342 and the eyeglasses 350. Specifically, the main body 341 has an end along its long side that is connected to the arm 342, and a side with a side surface that is connected to the eyeglasses 350 via a connecting member. Note that the main body 341 can be directly mounted on the human head.

[0351] The main body 341 includes a control panel and a display unit for controlling the operation of the see-through head-mounted display 340. An arm 342 connects the main body 341 and the lens barrel 343, and supports the lens barrel 343. Specifically, the arm 342 is coupled to both an end of the main body 341 and an end of the lens barrel 343 to secure the lens barrel 343. Furthermore, the arm 342 includes signal lines for communicating data related to the image provided from the main body 341 to the lens barrel 343.

[0352] The lens barrel 343 projects image light from the main body 341 via the arm 342 toward the eyes of the user wearing the see-through head-mounted display 340 through the eyepiece 351. In the see-through head-mounted display 340, the display unit of the main body 341 includes any of the display devices 101, etc., according to one embodiment.

[0353] (Specific example 5)

[0354] Figure 33 An example of the appearance of a smartphone 360 ​​is shown. The smartphone 360 ​​includes a display unit 361 for displaying various information, an operation unit 362 including buttons for receiving operation input from the user, etc. The display unit 361 includes any of a display device 101, etc., according to one embodiment.

[0355] (Specific example 6)

[0356] According to one embodiment, the display device 101, etc., can be installed in various displays installed in a vehicle.

[0357] Figure 34Figures A and 34B are examples illustrating the interior structure of a vehicle 500 equipped with various displays. Specifically, Figure 34 A is a diagram illustrating an example of viewing the interior of vehicle 500 from its rear to its front. Figure 34 B is a diagram illustrating an example of observing the interior of vehicle 500 from its oblique rear to its oblique front.

[0358] Vehicle 500 includes a central display 501, a console display 502, a head-up display 503, a digital rearview mirror 504, a steering wheel display 505, and a rear entertainment display 506. At least one of these displays includes any of a display device 101, etc., according to one embodiment. For example, all these displays may include any of a display device 101, etc., according to one embodiment.

[0359] The central display 501 is located on the dashboard facing the driver's seat 508 and the passenger seat 509. Figure 34 A and Figure 34 Example B illustrates a central display 501 with a horizontally elongated shape extending from the driver's seat 508 side to the passenger seat 509 side, but the screen size and arrangement of the central display 501 are appropriately determined. The central display 501 is capable of displaying information detected by various sensors. As specific examples, the central display 501 can display images captured by image sensors, images indicating the distance to obstacles present in front of or to the side of the vehicle 500, distances measured by ToF sensors, occupant body temperatures detected by infrared sensors, etc. The central display 501 can be used to display at least one of, for example, safety-related information, operational-related information, life logs, health-related information, authentication / identification-related information, or entertainment-related information.

[0360] Safety-related information includes information about drowsiness detection, look-away detection, child mischief detection, seatbelt wearing, and occupant abandonment detection, and is detected by sensors, for example, arranged in an overlapping manner on the rear surface of the central display 501. Operation-related information uses sensors to detect gestures related to actions performed by occupants. Detected gestures may include the operation of various devices in vehicle 500. For example, the operation of the HVAC system, navigation system, AV system, lighting system, etc. A life log includes the life logs of all occupants. For example, the life log includes a record of the actions of each occupant in the vehicle. By acquiring and storing the life logs, the state of each occupant at the time of the accident can be checked. Health-related information uses sensors such as temperature sensors to detect the occupant's body temperature and estimates the occupant's health status based on the detected body temperature. Alternatively, the occupant's face can be imaged using an image sensor, and the occupant's health status can be estimated from the imaged facial expressions. Furthermore, by interacting with the occupant via automated voice, the occupant's health status can be estimated based on the content of the occupant's responses. Authentication / identification related information includes keyless entry functions that use sensors to perform facial authentication, and functions that automatically adjust seat height and position via facial recognition. Entertainment related information includes functions that use sensors to detect operational information of AV devices performed by occupants, and functions that use sensors to recognize occupants' faces and provide content suitable for those occupants via AV devices.

[0361] For example, the console display 502 can be used to display life log information. The console display 502 is located near the gearshift lever 511 of the center console 510 between the driver's seat 508 and the passenger seat 509. The console display 502 can also display information detected by various sensors. Furthermore, the console display 502 can display images of the vehicle's surrounding environment imaged by image sensors, or it can display images indicating the distance to obstacles present around the vehicle.

[0362] The head-up display 503 is virtually displayed behind the windshield 512 in front of the driver's seat 508. For example, the head-up display 503 can be used to display at least one of safety-related information, operational-related information, life logs, health-related information, authentication / identification-related information, or entertainment-related information. In many cases, the head-up display 503 is actually positioned in front of the driver's seat 508 and is adapted to display information directly related to the operation of the vehicle 500, such as the vehicle's speed and remaining fuel (battery) level.

[0363] The digital rearview mirror 504 can not only display the rear of the vehicle 500, but also the status of the occupants in the rear seat. Therefore, it can be used to display, for example, life log information obtained by sensors superimposed on the back side of the digital rearview mirror 504.

[0364] A steering wheel display 505 is disposed near the center of the steering wheel 513 of the vehicle 500. The steering wheel display 505 can be used to display at least one of the following: safety-related information, operation-related information, vital signs log, health-related information, authentication / identification-related information, or entertainment-related information. Specifically, a steering wheel display 505 located near the driver's hands is suitable for displaying vital signs log information such as the driver's body temperature, or for displaying information regarding the operation of AV devices, HVAC systems, etc.

[0365] The rear entertainment display 506 is attached to the rear surface side of the driver's seat 508 or passenger seat 509 and is for viewing by passengers in the rear seats. The rear entertainment display 506 can be used to display at least one of the following: safety-related information, operational-related information, life logs, health-related information, authentication / identification-related information, or entertainment-related information. Specifically, the rear entertainment display 506 located in front of the rear seat occupants displays information relevant to the rear seat occupants. For example, it may display information about the operation of AV devices or HVAC systems, or it may display measurements of the rear seat occupants' body temperature, etc., taken using a temperature sensor.

[0366] The display device 101 can be configured such that sensors are arranged in an overlapping manner on the rear surface side of the display device 101, and in this configuration, the distance to objects present in the surrounding environment can be measured. Optical ranging methods are broadly classified into passive and active types. Passive methods measure distance by receiving light from an object without projecting light from the sensor onto the object. Examples of passive methods include lens focusing methods, stereo methods, monocular vision methods, etc. Active methods measure distance by projecting light onto an object and receiving reflected light from the object using a sensor. Active methods include optical radar methods, active stereo methods, illuminance difference stereo methods, moiré topology methods, interferometry methods, etc. Any of the display device 101, etc., according to one embodiment, can be used for distance measurement using any of these methods. By using sensors arranged in an overlapping manner on the rear surface side of the display device 101, etc., according to one embodiment, the above-described passive or active distance measurement can be performed.

[0367] List of reference numerals

[0368] 10R, 10G, 10B subpixels

[0369] 10P per pixel

[0370] 11. Driver substrate

[0371] 111 substrate

[0372] 112 Insulation layer

[0373] 113 Pad Section

[0374] 12 Light-emitting elements

[0375] 121 First Electrode

[0376] 122 OLED layers

[0377] 123 Second Electrode

[0378] 13. Protective layer (first protective layer)

[0379] 13th St. Staircase

[0380] 13S1 Lower surface (first surface)

[0381] 13S2 upper surface (second surface)

[0382] 14 Connecting parts

[0383] 141 upper part

[0384] 141a Opening

[0385] 142 Side

[0386] 142a Opening

[0387] 15. Protective layer (second protective layer)

[0388] 16 Low-refractive-index layer

[0389] 17 Third Electrode

[0390] 18 Planarization layer

[0391] 19 Color Filters

[0392] 190R, 190G, 190B shader layers

[0393] 20 Filler Layers

[0394] 21. Protective layer (third protective layer)

[0395] 22. Protective layer (fourth protective layer)

[0396] 23 Lens Array

[0397] 230 lens

[0398] 101 Display Device

[0399] 310 Digital Camera

[0400] 320 Head-Mounted Display

[0401] 330 television equipment

[0402] 340° View Head-Mounted Display

[0403] 360 Smartphone

[0404] 500 vehicles

[0405] U Single light-emitting unit

[0406] U1 and U2 are two light-emitting units.

[0407] RE1 Display Area

[0408] RE2 Outer area.

Claims

1. A display device, comprising: Multiple light-emitting elements arranged in two dimensions, each light-emitting element including a first electrode, a light-emitting layer and a second electrode; Multiple first protective layers are respectively disposed on each of the multiple light-emitting elements; Multiple connecting portions, each connecting portion including an upper portion disposed on the upper surface of a corresponding one of the first protective layers and a side portion disposed on the side surface of a corresponding one of the first protective layers; as well as The third electrode contacts each of the upper portions of the plurality of connecting portions.

2. The display device according to claim 1, wherein, The third electrode is in contact with the entire upper surface of each of the upper portions.

3. The display device according to claim 1, wherein, The third electrode includes a protrusion that extends toward and contacts the upper portion.

4. The display device according to claim 3, further comprising: A second protective layer is disposed between the upper part and the third electrode; as well as A filling layer is disposed inside the protrusion, wherein... The refractive index of the filling layer is lower than that of the second protective layer.

5. The display device according to claim 3, further comprising: A filling layer is disposed inside the protrusion, wherein... The refractive index of the filling layer is higher than that of the first protective layer.

6. The display device according to claim 3, further comprising: Multiple third protective layers are respectively disposed on each of the multiple upper parts.

7. The display device according to claim 1, further comprising: A fourth protective layer covers the outer peripheral surface of the side portion.

8. The display device according to claim 1, wherein, The upper part and the side part include different conductive layers.

9. The display device according to claim 1, wherein, The upper part includes a light-transmitting conductive layer, and The side portion includes a metal layer.

10. The display device according to claim 1, wherein, At least some of the plurality of connecting portions each have an opening in the side portion.

11. The display device according to claim 1, wherein, Among the plurality of connecting portions, the connecting portion located on the outer periphery of the display area has an opening in the portion of the side adjacent to the outer periphery of the display area.

12. The display device according to claim 11, wherein, The side portion having the opening includes a metal layer.

13. The display device according to claim 1, wherein, At least some of the plurality of connecting portions each have an opening in the upper portion, and The opening is arranged eccentrically relative to the center of the corresponding connection in the plan view.

14. The display device according to claim 1, wherein, Among the plurality of connecting portions, the connecting portion located on the outer periphery of the display area has an opening in the upper portion, and The opening is arranged off-center from the center of the connection portion toward the periphery of the display area in the plan view.

15. The display device according to claim 14, wherein, The upper part and the side part include a metal layer.

16. The display device according to claim 1, wherein, Each of the first protective layers includes a stepped portion, the stepped portion having a first surface and a second surface with a height greater than the height of the first surface, and Each of the connecting portions has an opening at a position corresponding to the first surface.

17. An electronic device comprising the display device according to claim 1.

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