Display panel and display device

Abstract

The application provides a display panel and a display device. The display panel comprises a substrate, a light-emitting structure layer, a pixel definition layer, an insulating film layer and a light enhancement structure. The light-emitting structure layer comprises a plurality of anti-peep sub-pixels. The pixel definition layer is provided with a plurality of first pixel openings, and each anti-peep sub-pixel is at least partially located in a first pixel opening. The insulating film layer is located on the side of the light-emitting structure layer away from the substrate, and the insulating film layer is provided with a plurality of openings. The orthographic projection of each opening on the substrate at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of a first pixel opening on the substrate. The refractive index of the light enhancement structure is greater than the refractive index of the insulating film layer. The light enhancement structure is arranged in at least part of the opening, and the light enhancement structure is in contact with at least part of the side surface of the corresponding opening.

Description

Display panel and display device Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to a display panel and display device. Background Technology

[0002] During the use of electronic devices, users sometimes need to share the content displayed on the device with others, but in special circumstances, they also desire privacy to prevent others from seeing the content displayed on the device. Therefore, electronic devices with sharing mode and privacy mode switching functions have gradually become a research hotspot. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a display panel and a display device.

[0004] According to a first aspect of the embodiments of this application, a display panel is provided. The display panel includes:

[0005] Substrate;

[0006] A light-emitting structure layer is located on one side of the substrate; the light-emitting structure layer includes a plurality of privacy-protecting sub-pixels;

[0007] A pixel defining layer is located on the same side of the substrate as the light-emitting structure layer; the pixel defining layer has a plurality of first pixel openings, and each of the privacy sub-pixels is at least partially located within the first pixel openings; an insulating film layer is located on the side of the light-emitting structure layer away from the substrate, and the insulating film layer has a plurality of openings, the orthographic projection of each of the openings on the substrate at least partially overlapping the orthographic projection of one of the first pixel openings on the substrate;

[0008] The light-enhancing structure has a refractive index greater than that of the insulating film layer, and the light-enhancing structure is provided in at least a portion of the opening, with the light-enhancing structure in contact with at least a portion of the side surface of the corresponding opening.

[0009] In one embodiment, the display panel further includes a light-adjusting structure located on the side of the light-emitting structure layer away from the substrate. The light-adjusting structure includes a light-adjusting film layer and a first insulating layer. The light-adjusting film layer includes a plurality of first adjusting portions, the orthographic projection of each first adjusting portion on the substrate at least partially overlapping the orthographic projection of a first pixel opening on the substrate. The surface of each first adjusting portion away from the substrate protrudes in a direction away from the substrate. The refractive index of the first insulating layer is less than the refractive index of the light-adjusting film layer, and the first insulating layer covers the surface of each first adjusting portion away from the substrate.

[0010] In one embodiment, each of the light enhancement structures and the corresponding first adjustment unit are an integral structure.

[0011] In one embodiment, the display panel further includes a touch structure layer located between the light-emitting structure layer and the light-adjusting structure. The touch structure layer includes a first touch conductive layer, a first touch insulating layer located on the side of the first touch conductive layer away from the substrate, a second touch conductive layer located on the side of the first touch insulating layer away from the substrate, and a second touch insulating layer located on the side of the second touch conductive layer away from the substrate. The insulating film layer includes the second touch insulating layer.

[0012] In one embodiment, the insulating film layer is the second touch insulating layer; the width of the portion of the first adjustment portion that contacts the surface of the second touch insulating layer away from the substrate is a first dimension, and the thickness of the portion of the second touch insulating layer located on the side of the second touch conductive layer away from the substrate is a second dimension, wherein the first dimension is greater than the second dimension.

[0013] In one embodiment, the display panel includes a plurality of insulating film layers located between the light-emitting structure layer and the light-adjusting structure, and the light-enhancing structure extends through two or more insulating film layers.

[0014] In one embodiment, the display panel further includes a touch structure layer located between the light-emitting structure layer and the light-adjusting structure. The touch structure layer includes a first touch conductive layer, a first touch insulating layer located on the side of the first touch conductive layer away from the substrate, a second touch conductive layer located on the side of the first touch insulating layer away from the substrate, and a second touch insulating layer located on the side of the second touch conductive layer away from the substrate. The light-enhancing structure penetrates through the first touch insulating layer and the second touch insulating layer.

[0015] In one embodiment, the display panel further includes a buffer layer located on the side of the light-emitting structure layer away from the substrate and a touch structure layer located on the side of the buffer layer away from the substrate. The touch structure layer includes a first touch conductive layer, a first touch insulating layer located on the side of the first touch conductive layer away from the substrate, a second touch conductive layer located on the side of the first touch insulating layer away from the substrate, and a second touch insulating layer located on the side of the second touch conductive layer away from the substrate. The light enhancement structure penetrates the buffer layer, the first touch insulating layer, and the second touch insulating layer.

[0016] In one embodiment, the light-enhancing structure is spaced apart from the first adjustment section.

[0017] In one embodiment, the display panel includes an encapsulation layer located on the side of the light-emitting structure layer away from the substrate, an insulating material layer located on the side of the encapsulation layer away from the substrate, and a touch structure layer located on the side of the insulating material layer away from the substrate; the light adjustment structure is located on the side of the touch structure layer away from the substrate; the insulating film layer includes the insulating material layer.

[0018] In one embodiment, the bottom surface of each first pixel opening has a first symmetry plane, which is perpendicular to the substrate; the surface of each first adjustment portion away from the substrate is asymmetrical about the first symmetry plane of the corresponding first pixel opening.

[0019] In one embodiment, the surface of the first adjustment portion away from the substrate has a second symmetry plane, and the second symmetry plane of the first adjustment portion is not on the same plane as the first symmetry plane of the corresponding first pixel opening; the second symmetry planes of all the first adjustment portions are located on the same side of the first symmetry plane of the corresponding first pixel opening.

[0020] In one embodiment, the light-emitting structure layer further includes a plurality of shared sub-pixels; the pixel defining layer further includes a plurality of second pixel openings, each of the shared sub-pixels being at least partially located within a second pixel opening; the light-adjusting film layer further includes a plurality of second adjusting portions, the orthographic projection of each second adjusting portion on the substrate at least partially overlapping the orthographic projection of a second pixel opening on the substrate; the first insulating layer covers the surface of each second adjusting portion away from the substrate; the surface of each second adjusting portion away from the substrate protrudes in a direction away from the substrate, the surface of the second adjusting portion away from the substrate has a third symmetry plane, the third symmetry plane and the fourth symmetry plane of the corresponding second pixel opening are not on the same plane, and the direction in which the third symmetry plane is offset relative to the corresponding fourth symmetry plane is the same as the direction in which the second symmetry plane is offset relative to the corresponding first symmetry plane.

[0021] In one embodiment, the surface of the first adjustment portion away from the substrate is an asymmetric surface.

[0022] In one embodiment, the surface of the first adjustment portion away from the substrate includes opposing first and second edges, the first and second edges being located on opposite sides of the first plane of symmetry, the distance from the first edge to the substrate being greater than the distance from the second edge to the substrate; the curvature of the portion of the surface of the first adjustment portion away from the substrate between the first edge and the first plane of symmetry is a first curvature, and the curvature of the portion of the surface of the first adjustment portion away from the substrate between the second edge and the first plane of symmetry is a second curvature, the second curvature being greater than the first curvature.

[0023] In one embodiment, the first edge is located on the side of the insulating film layer away from the substrate, and the second edge is located within the opening.

[0024] In one embodiment, both the first edge and the second edge are in contact with the insulating film layer, and the height of the portion of the insulating film layer in contact with the first edge is greater than the height of the portion of the insulating film layer in contact with the second edge.

[0025] According to a second aspect of the embodiments of this application, a display panel is provided, the display panel comprising:

[0026] Substrate;

[0027] A light-emitting structure layer is located on one side of the substrate; the light-emitting structure layer includes a plurality of privacy-protecting sub-pixels;

[0028] A pixel defining layer is located on the same side of the substrate as the light-emitting structure layer; the pixel defining layer has a plurality of first pixel openings, and each privacy sub-pixel is at least partially located within the first pixel opening; the bottom surface of each first pixel opening has a first symmetry plane, which is perpendicular to the substrate;

[0029] A light-adjusting structure, located on the side of the light-emitting structure layer away from the substrate, includes a light-adjusting film layer and a first insulating layer. The light-adjusting film layer includes a plurality of first adjusting portions, the orthographic projection of each first adjusting portion on the substrate at least partially overlapping the orthographic projection of a first pixel opening on the substrate. The refractive index of the first insulating layer is less than the refractive index of the light-adjusting film layer, and the first insulating layer covers the surface of each first adjusting portion away from the substrate. The surface of each first adjusting portion away from the substrate protrudes in a direction away from the substrate, and the surface of each first adjusting portion away from the substrate is asymmetrical about a first symmetry plane of the corresponding first pixel opening.

[0030] In one embodiment, the surface of the first adjustment portion away from the substrate has a second symmetry plane, and the second symmetry plane of the first adjustment portion is not on the same plane as the first symmetry plane of the corresponding first pixel opening; the second symmetry planes of all the first adjustment portions are located on the same side of the first symmetry plane of the corresponding first pixel opening.

[0031] In one embodiment, the light-emitting structure layer further includes a plurality of shared sub-pixels; the pixel defining layer further includes a plurality of second pixel openings, each of the shared sub-pixels being at least partially located within a second pixel opening; the light-adjusting film layer further includes a plurality of second adjusting portions, the orthographic projection of each second adjusting portion on the substrate at least partially overlapping the orthographic projection of a second pixel opening on the substrate; the first insulating layer covers the surface of each second adjusting portion away from the substrate; the surface of each second adjusting portion away from the substrate protrudes in a direction away from the substrate, the surface of the second adjusting portion away from the substrate has a third symmetry plane, the third symmetry plane and the fourth symmetry plane of the corresponding second pixel opening are not on the same plane, and the direction in which the third symmetry plane is offset relative to the corresponding fourth symmetry plane is the same as the direction in which the second symmetry plane is offset relative to the corresponding first symmetry plane.

[0032] In one embodiment, the surface of the first adjustment portion away from the substrate is an asymmetric surface.

[0033] In one embodiment, the surface of the first adjustment portion away from the substrate includes opposing first and second edges, the first and second edges being located on opposite sides of the first plane of symmetry, the distance from the first edge to the substrate being greater than the distance from the second edge to the substrate; the curvature of the portion of the surface of the first adjustment portion away from the substrate between the first edge and the first plane of symmetry is a first curvature, and the curvature of the portion of the surface of the first adjustment portion away from the substrate between the second edge and the first plane of symmetry is a second curvature, the second curvature being greater than the first curvature.

[0034] In one embodiment, the display panel further includes a second insulating layer located on the side of the first insulating layer facing the substrate, the second insulating layer having an opening; the first edge is located on the side of the second insulating layer away from the substrate, and the second edge is located within the opening.

[0035] In one embodiment, the display panel further includes a second insulating layer located on the side of the first adjustment portion facing the substrate, wherein both the first edge and the second edge are located on the side of the second insulating layer away from the substrate; the height of the portion of the second insulating layer that contacts the first edge is greater than the height of the portion of the second insulating layer that contacts the second edge.

[0036] According to a third aspect of the embodiments of this application, a display device is provided, including the display panel described above. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 is a partial structural cross-sectional view of a display panel provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 2 is a brightness decay curve of the display panel shown in Figure 1 under privacy mode;

[0039] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the application scenario of the display panel shown in Figure 1;

[0040] Figure 4 is a partial structural cross-sectional view of a display panel provided in another exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 5 is a partial structural cross-sectional view of a display panel provided in another exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 6 is a partial structural cross-sectional view of a display panel provided in another exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 7 is the optical path diagram of the display panel shown in Figure 4;

[0044] Figure 8 is a magnified view of a portion of the structure of the display panel shown in Figure 5;

[0045] Figure 9 is a magnified view of a portion of the structure of the display panel shown in Figure 6;

[0046] Figures 10 and 11 are the brightness decay curves of the display panel shown in Figure 4 under privacy mode;

[0047] Figure 12 is a brightness decay curve of the display panel shown in Figures 5 and 6 under privacy mode;

[0048] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the application scenarios of the display panels shown in Figures 4 to 6;

[0049] Figure 14 is a partial structural cross-sectional view of a display panel provided in another exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0050] Figure 15 is a partial structural cross-sectional view of a display panel provided in another exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0051] Figure 16 is a partial enlarged view of the structure of a display panel provided in another exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0052] Figure 17 is a partial cross-sectional view of the first intermediate structure of a display panel provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0053] Figure 18 is a partial cross-sectional view of the second intermediate structure of the display panel provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0054] Figure 19 is a partial cross-sectional view of the third intermediate structure of the display panel provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0055] Figure 20 is a partial cross-sectional view of the fourth intermediate structure of the display panel provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0056] Figure 21 is a partial cross-sectional view of the fifth intermediate structure of a display panel provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0057] Figure 22 is a partial cross-sectional view of the sixth intermediate structure of the display panel provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0058] Figure 23 is a partial cross-sectional view of the seventh intermediate structure of a display panel provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0059] Figure 24 is a partial cross-sectional view of the eighth intermediate structure of the display panel provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0060] Figure 25 is a partial cross-sectional view of the ninth intermediate structure of a display panel provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0061] Figure 26 is a partial cross-sectional view of the tenth intermediate structure of a display panel provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0062] Figure 27 is a partial cross-sectional view of the eleventh intermediate structure of a display panel provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0063] Figure 28 is a partial cross-sectional view of the twelfth intermediate structure of a display panel provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0064] Figure 29 is a partial cross-sectional view of the thirteenth intermediate structure of a display panel provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0065] The technical solutions in the embodiments (or "implementations") of this application will be clearly and completely described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other. When the following description relates to the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements.

[0066] If the embodiments of this application contain terms relating to directional indications or positional relationships (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, inside, outside, top, bottom, center, vertical, horizontal, longitudinal, transverse, length, width, counterclockwise, clockwise, axial, radial, circumferential, etc.), such terms are only used to explain the relative positional relationships and movement of the components in a specific posture; if the specific posture changes, the directional indications or positional relationships will also change accordingly. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" used in the embodiments of this application are only for descriptive convenience and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0067] To enable the switching between sharing and privacy modes of electronic devices, one related technology uses an external privacy screen protector. When switching to privacy mode, the privacy screen protector is manually attached to the display screen, and when switching to sharing mode, it is manually removed. Another related technology involves setting a liquid crystal layer on the display side of the screen, and using the orientation of the liquid crystal to limit the light emission angle to achieve the switching between sharing and feedback modes.

[0068] This application provides a display panel. As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the display panel includes a substrate 10, a light-emitting structure layer 20, a pixel defining layer 22, and a light-adjusting structure 30.

[0069] The light-emitting structure layer 20 and the pixel defining layer 22 are located on the same side of the substrate 10. The light-emitting structure layer 20 includes a plurality of sub-pixels 21, and the plurality of sub-pixels 21 include a plurality of privacy-protecting sub-pixels 201. The pixel defining layer 22 has a plurality of first pixel openings 221, and each privacy-protecting sub-pixel 201 is at least partially located within the first pixel opening 221. The bottom surface of the first pixel opening 221 has a first symmetry plane 223, and the first symmetry plane 223 is perpendicular to the substrate 10.

[0070] In one embodiment, the light-adjusting structure 30 is located on the side of the light-emitting structure layer 20 away from the substrate 10. The light-adjusting structure 30 includes a light-adjusting film layer 31 and a first insulating layer 32. The light-adjusting film layer 31 includes a plurality of first adjusting portions 311. The orthographic projection of each first adjusting portion 311 onto the substrate 10 at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of a first pixel opening 221 onto the substrate 10. The refractive index of the first insulating layer 32 is less than that of the light-adjusting film layer 31, and the first insulating layer 32 covers the surface of each first adjusting portion 311 away from the substrate 10. The surface of each first adjusting portion 311 away from the substrate 10 protrudes in a direction away from the substrate 10. The display panel provided in this application embodiment has a first adjustment part 311 that protrudes from the surface away from the substrate 10 in a direction away from the substrate 10. The refractive index of the first insulating layer 32 covering the surface of the first adjustment part 311 away from the substrate 10 is less than the refractive index of the first adjustment part 311. Therefore, the light emitted by the privacy pixel 201 is refracted when it passes through the interface between the first adjustment part 311 and the first insulating layer 32, and the refraction angle is greater than the incident angle. This allows the light emitted by the privacy pixel 201 with a large exit angle to be converted into light with a smaller exit angle, thereby increasing the amount of light emitted in privacy mode.

[0071] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG1, the surfaces of each of the first adjustment portions 311 away from the substrate 10 are symmetrical about the first symmetry plane 223 of the corresponding first pixel opening 221. As shown in FIG2, the brightness decay curve of the display panel in the privacy mode shown in FIG1 is a symmetrical curve, and the line of symmetry of the brightness decay curve is not offset relative to the center of the display panel. The X direction is perpendicular to the first symmetry plane 223. As shown in FIG3, in this embodiment, the X direction is the height direction, and the user's eyes are at the same height as the center of the display panel, so that the user's eyes can receive more light. The embodiment shown in FIG1 can be applied to scenarios requiring privacy on both sides.

[0072] In one embodiment, the surface of each of the first adjustment portions 311 away from the substrate 10 is asymmetrical about the first symmetry plane 223 of the corresponding first pixel opening 221. By setting the surface of the first adjustment portion 311 away from the substrate 10 to be asymmetrical about the first symmetry plane 223 of the corresponding first pixel opening 221, the emission position of the brightest light in the positive viewing angle light emitted by each sub-pixel 201 with a smaller emission angle is shifted relative to the center of the first pixel opening 221. This causes the position of the brightest light in the positive viewing angle light with a smaller emission angle to shift relative to the center of the display panel in the brightness attenuation curve in the direction perpendicular to the first symmetry plane 223. Thus, in the privacy mode, the user's eye position is shifted relative to the center of the display panel, and the direction of the shift is the same as the direction in which the position of the brightest emitted light is shifted relative to the center of the display panel. This allows the user's eye to receive more light, while the position on the side of the display panel away from the user's eye receives less light, improving the unilateral privacy effect and enhancing the user experience. The display panel provided in this application embodiment is applicable to the following scenarios: the emission position corresponding to the brightest ray in the normal viewing angle is offset upward relative to the center of the display panel, which is suitable for a one-sided privacy scenario where the user's eyes are above the center of the display panel; the emission position corresponding to the brightest ray in the normal viewing angle is offset downward relative to the center of the display panel, which is suitable for a one-sided privacy scenario where the user's eyes are below the center of the display panel; the emission position corresponding to the brightest ray in the normal viewing angle is offset horizontally relative to the center of the display panel, which is suitable for a one-sided privacy scenario where the user's eyes are offset horizontally relative to the center of the display panel.

[0073] In one embodiment, the substrate 10 can be a flexible substrate or a rigid substrate. The flexible substrate may be made of one or more of polyimide, polyethylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, and organic resin materials, including epoxy resin, triazine, silicone resin, or polyimide. The rigid substrate includes any one of glass substrates, quartz substrates, and sapphire substrates. In some embodiments, the flexible substrate may include multiple stacked organic substrate layers and buffer film layers located between adjacent organic substrate layers. The buffer film layers may be silicon nitride films, silicon oxide films, or composite films including silicon nitride and silicon oxide films.

[0074] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG1, the display panel further includes a first buffer layer 81 located on the side of the substrate 10 facing the light-emitting structure layer 20. The material of the first buffer layer 81 may be an inorganic material.

[0075] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG1, the display panel further includes a driving circuit layer 60 located between the substrate 10 and the light-emitting structure layer 20, with the driving circuit layer 60 situated on the side of the buffer layer 81 away from the substrate 10. The driving circuit layer 60 includes a plurality of pixel circuits, which drive sub-pixels 21. Each pixel circuit corresponds one-to-one with a sub-pixel 21, and each pixel circuit drives its corresponding sub-pixel 21.

[0076] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG1, the pixel circuit may include a thin-film transistor 61. The thin-film transistor 61 may include an active layer 611, a gate 612, a first electrode 613, and a second electrode 614. One of the first electrode 613 and the second electrode 614 is the source, and the other is the drain. The pixel circuit may also include a capacitor. The driving circuit layer may also include multiple signal lines, such as scan signal lines, data signal lines, power signal lines, etc.

[0077] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG1, the gate 612 is located on the side of the active layer 611 away from the substrate 10, and the first electrode 613 and the second electrode 614 are located on the same layer and on the side of the gate 612 away from the substrate 10. The driving circuit layer 60 further includes a gate insulating layer 62 located between the active layer 611 and the gate 612, an interlayer dielectric layer 63 located between the gate 612 and the first electrode 613, and a planarization layer 64 located between the first electrode 613 and the light-emitting structure layer 20. The first electrode 613 and the second electrode 614 are in contact with the active layer 611 through vias penetrating the interlayer dielectric layer 63 and the gate insulating layer 62, respectively. The description and figures here are illustrated using an LTPS type transistor as an example. In other embodiments, the thin film transistor 61 may be an LTPO type transistor, and the specific structure is not limited. In this embodiment, the thin film transistor 61 is described as a top-gate thin film transistor. In other embodiments, the thin film transistor 61 may also be a bottom-gate thin film transistor or a dual-gate thin film transistor. In some embodiments, the driving circuit layer 60 further includes a transition structure located on the side of the planarization layer 64 away from the substrate 10 and a planarization film layer located on the side of the transition structure away from the substrate 10. The transition structure is electrically connected to the second electrode 614 through a through-hole penetrating the planarization layer 64.

[0078] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG1, each sub-pixel 21 includes a first electrode 211, a light-emitting material layer 212 located on the side of the first electrode 211 away from the substrate 10, and a second electrode 213 located on the side of the light-emitting material layer 212 away from the substrate 10. The first electrode 211 is electrically connected to the second electrode 614 through a through-hole penetrating the planarization layer 64. When the driving circuit layer 60 includes a transition structure and a planarization film layer, the first electrode 211 is electrically connected to the transition structure through a through-hole penetrating the planarization film layer, thereby the first electrode 211 is electrically connected to the second electrode 614 through the transition structure. One of the first electrode 211 and the second electrode 213 is an anode, and the other is a cathode. In the embodiment shown in FIG1, the first electrode 211 is an anode, the second electrode 213 is a cathode, the cathode is a common electrode, and the cathodes of all sub-pixels 21 are connected to form a surface electrode. In some embodiments, the light-emitting material layer 212 is an organic light-emitting material layer, and the sub-pixel 21 is an OLED. In other embodiments, the sub-pixel 21 may be a QLED or an LCD. In one embodiment, the light-emitting structure layer 20 includes at least three sub-pixels 21 with different light-emitting colors.

[0079] In one embodiment, the sub-pixel 21 further includes at least one of a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, and an electron blocking layer located between the light-emitting material layer 212 and the anode; the sub-pixel 21 further includes at least one of an electron injection layer, an electron transport layer, and a hole blocking layer located between the light-emitting material layer 212 and the cathode.

[0080] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG1, the plurality of sub-pixels 21 of the light-emitting structure layer 20 further include a plurality of shared sub-pixels 202, which are arranged alternately with the privacy sub-pixels 201. In privacy mode, only the privacy sub-pixels 201 emit light; in shared mode, the shared sub-pixels 201 and the privacy sub-pixels 201 emit light simultaneously, or only the shared sub-pixels 201 emit light.

[0081] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG1, the pixel defining layer 22 is located on the side of the first electrode 211 away from the substrate 10. The pixel defining layer 22 has a plurality of first pixel openings 221 and a plurality of second pixel openings 222. The first pixel openings 221 correspond one-to-one with the privacy sub-pixels 201. Each first pixel opening 221 exposes a portion of the surface of the first electrode 211 of the corresponding privacy sub-pixel 201. Each first pixel opening 221 defines the light-emitting area of ​​the corresponding privacy sub-pixel 201. Specifically, the area defined by the first pixel opening 221 facing the bottom surface of the substrate 10 is the light-emitting area of ​​the privacy sub-pixel 201. The second pixel openings 222 correspond one-to-one with the shared sub-pixels 202. Each second pixel opening 222 exposes a portion of the surface of the first electrode 211 of the corresponding shared sub-pixel 202. Each second pixel opening 222 defines the light-emitting area of ​​the corresponding shared sub-pixel 202. Specifically, the area defined by the second pixel opening 222 facing the bottom surface of the substrate 10 is the light-emitting area of ​​the shared sub-pixel 202.

[0082] In one embodiment, the area of ​​the first pixel opening 221 is smaller than the area of ​​the second pixel opening 222. This is more effective in preventing large-angle light emission from the privacy pixel 201.

[0083] In some embodiments, in the direction of the substrate 10 pointing towards the second electrode 213, the side surfaces of the first pixel opening 221 and the second pixel opening 222 both extend obliquely outward. The pixel defining layer 22 may be formed using an exposure and development process, such that the side surfaces of the formed first pixel opening 221 and the second pixel opening 222 are shaped as described.

[0084] In one embodiment, at least two privacy sub-pixels 201 share the first electrode 211. This reduces the size of the light-emitting area of ​​a single privacy sub-pixel 201, helping to reduce the amount of large-angle light in privacy mode and improving the privacy effect. In the embodiment shown in FIG1, two privacy sub-pixels 201 share the first electrode 211. In other embodiments, three or more privacy sub-pixels 201 may share the first electrode 211. Privacy sub-pixels 201 sharing the same first electrode 211 have the same color as an adjacent shared sub-pixel 202, together forming a pixel.

[0085] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG1, the display panel further includes an encapsulation layer 82 located on the side of the light-emitting structure layer 20 away from the substrate 10. The encapsulation layer 82 may be a thin-film encapsulation layer, comprising alternating organic and inorganic layers, with the inorganic layer having the largest distance from the substrate 10. In some embodiments, the thin-film encapsulation layer may include two inorganic layers and an organic layer located between the two inorganic layers. The inorganic layer has a better effect on blocking water and oxygen, while the organic layer mainly serves to release stress and planarize. The material of the inorganic layer may include silicon nitride, silicon oxide, silicon oxynitride, aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, etc., but is not limited to these. The inorganic layer may be a single-layer film or may include multiple stacked film layers. The area of ​​the inorganic layer may be larger than the area of ​​the display area of ​​the display panel. The area of ​​the inorganic layer located on the side of the organic layer away from the substrate 10 may be larger than the area of ​​the inorganic layer located on the side of the organic layer facing the substrate 10. In some embodiments, the thickness of the organic layer in the encapsulation layer ranges from 2 μm to 8 μm, and the total thickness of the encapsulation layer 82 is less than 12 μm.

[0086] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG1, the display panel further includes a first light-shielding layer 40 located on the side of the encapsulation layer 82 away from the substrate 10. The first light-shielding layer 40 is provided with a plurality of first through holes 41 and third through holes 42. The orthographic projection of each first through hole 41 on the substrate 10 at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of a first pixel opening 221 on the substrate 10; the orthographic projection of each third through hole 42 on the substrate 10 at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of a second pixel opening 222 on the substrate 10. Among the light emitted by the privacy sub-pixel 201, the light with a smaller emission angle is emitted through the first through hole 41, while the light with a larger emission angle is blocked by the first light-shielding layer 40, thereby helping to improve the privacy effect.

[0087] In one embodiment, the orthographic projection of each of the first through-holes 41 on the substrate 10 overlaps with the orthographic projection of the bottom surface of the corresponding first pixel opening 221 on the substrate. That is, the orthographic projection of each of the first through-holes 41 on the substrate 10 coincides with the orthographic projection of the bottom surface of the corresponding first pixel opening 221 on the substrate, or the area of ​​the orthographic projection of each of the first through-holes 41 on the substrate 10 is larger than the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the bottom surface of the corresponding first pixel opening 221 on the substrate. This further enhances the privacy protection effect.

[0088] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG1, the orthographic projection of each of the third vias 42 on the substrate 10 overlaps with the orthographic projection of the bottom surface of the corresponding second pixel opening 222 on the substrate. That is, the orthographic projection of each of the third vias 42 on the substrate 10 coincides with the orthographic projection of the bottom surface of the corresponding second pixel opening 222 on the substrate, or the area of ​​the orthographic projection of each of the third vias 42 on the substrate 10 is larger than the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the bottom surface of the corresponding second pixel opening 222 on the substrate. This helps to increase the amount of light emitted from the shared sub-pixel 202 at large emission angles.

[0089] In one embodiment, the material of the first light-shielding layer 40 can be a light-absorbing material or a light-reflecting material, such as an organic material or a metal material doped with black particles.

[0090] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG1, the display panel further includes a second light-shielding layer 50 located on the side of the first light-shielding layer 40 away from the substrate 10. The second light-shielding layer 50 is provided with a plurality of second through holes 51 and a plurality of fourth through holes 52. The orthographic projection of each second through hole 51 on the substrate 10 at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of a first through hole 41 on the substrate 10; the orthographic projection of each fourth through hole 52 on the substrate 10 at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of a third through hole 42 on the substrate 10. Among the light emitted by the privacy sub-pixel 201, the light with a smaller emission angle is emitted sequentially through the first through hole 41 and the second through hole 51, while the light with a larger emission angle is blocked by the second light-shielding layer 50, thereby helping to improve the privacy effect.

[0091] In one embodiment, the material of the second light-shielding layer 50 is a light-absorbing material or a reflective material. For example, it can be an organic material or a metallic material doped with black particles.

[0092] In one embodiment, the orthographic projection of each second through-hole 51 onto the substrate 10 overlaps with the orthographic projection of the bottom surface of the corresponding first pixel opening 221 onto the substrate. That is, the orthographic projection of each second through-hole 51 onto the substrate 10 coincides with the orthographic projection of the bottom surface of the corresponding first pixel opening 221 onto the substrate, or the area of ​​the orthographic projection of each second through-hole 51 onto the substrate 10 is larger than the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the bottom surface of the corresponding first pixel opening 221 onto the substrate. This further enhances the privacy protection effect.

[0093] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG1, the orthographic projection of each of the fourth vias 52 on the substrate 10 overlaps with the orthographic projection of the corresponding third via 42 on the substrate 10. That is, the orthographic projection of each of the fourth vias 52 on the substrate 10 coincides with the orthographic projection of the corresponding third via 42 on the substrate 10, or the area of ​​the orthographic projection of each of the fourth vias 52 on the substrate 10 is larger than the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the corresponding third via 42 on the substrate 10. This helps to increase the amount of light emitted from the shared sub-pixel 202 at large emission angles.

[0094] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG1, the display panel further includes an insulating material layer 83 located on the side of the first light-shielding layer 40 facing the second light-shielding layer 50. The insulating material layer 83 increases the distance between the first light-shielding layer 40 and the second light-shielding layer 50, further enhancing the privacy protection effect. The insulating material layer 83 can serve a planarization function, and its thickness ranges from 2μm to 10μm. In some embodiments, the material of the insulating material layer 83 can be an organic material or an inorganic material.

[0095] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG1, the display panel further includes a second buffer layer 84 located on the side of the insulating material layer 83 away from the substrate 10. The material of the second buffer layer 84 may be an inorganic material.

[0096] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG1, the display panel further includes a touch structure layer 70 located on the side of the encapsulation layer 82 away from the substrate 10. The touch structure layer 70 is located on the side of the second buffer layer 84 away from the substrate 10, and the light adjustment structure 30 is located on the side of the touch structure layer 70 away from the substrate 10. The touch structure layer 70 includes a first touch conductive layer 72, a first touch insulating layer 73 located on the side of the first touch conductive layer 72 away from the substrate 10, a second touch conductive layer 71 located on the side of the first touch insulating layer 73 away from the substrate 10, and a second touch insulating layer 74 located on the side of the second touch conductive layer 71 away from the substrate 10. The materials of the first touch insulating layer 73 and the second touch insulating layer 74 can be organic or inorganic materials, and the surface flatness of the first touch insulating layer 73 and the second touch insulating layer 74 away from the substrate 10 is relatively good. In some embodiments, the materials of the first touch insulating layer 73 and the second touch insulating layer 74 can be organic resin.

[0097] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG1, the first touch conductive layer 72 includes a plurality of first connection portions 721, and the second touch conductive layer 71 includes a plurality of first touch electrodes 711, a plurality of second touch electrodes 712, and a plurality of second connection portions 713. Adjacent first touch electrodes 711 can be connected through the first connection portions 721, and adjacent second touch electrodes 712 can be electrically connected through the second connection portions 713. In another embodiment, the first touch conductive layer 72 may include a plurality of first touch electrodes, a plurality of second touch electrodes, and a plurality of second connection portions, and the second touch conductive layer 71 may include a plurality of first connection portions. In yet another embodiment, the second touch conductive layer 71 may include a plurality of first touch electrodes and a plurality of first connection portions, and the first touch conductive layer 72 may include a plurality of second touch electrodes and a plurality of second connection portions.

[0098] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG1, the second touch conductive layer 71 is reused as the second light-shielding layer 50. In other embodiments, the first touch conductive layer 72 is reused as the second light-shielding layer 50. In other embodiments, both the second touch conductive layer 71 and the first touch conductive layer 72 are reused as light-shielding layers. This configuration helps to simplify the structural complexity of the display panel and reduce its thickness.

[0099] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG1, the light-adjusting film layer 31 further includes a plurality of second adjustment portions 312, the orthographic projection of each second adjustment portion 312 on the substrate 10 at least partially overlapping the orthographic projection of a second pixel opening 222 on the substrate 10; the first insulating layer 32 covers the surface of each second adjustment portion 312 away from the substrate 10; the surface of each second adjustment portion 312 away from the substrate 10 protrudes in a direction away from the substrate 10, and the refractive index of the first insulating layer 32 is greater than the refractive index of the second adjustment portion 312. The light emitted by the shared sub-pixel 202 is refracted at the interface between the second adjustment portion 312 and the first insulating layer 32, and the angle of refraction is greater than the angle of incidence. This allows the light emitted by the shared sub-pixel 202 with a larger exit angle to be converted into a positive viewing angle light with a smaller exit angle, which helps to increase the amount of positive viewing angle light with a smaller exit angle in the shared state. In other embodiments, the light-adjusting film layer 31 may not include the second adjustment portions 312.

[0100] In one embodiment, the curvature of the surface of the second adjustment portion 312 away from the substrate 10 is less than the curvature of the surface of the first adjustment portion 311 away from the substrate 10. This configuration ensures that the second adjustment portion 312 focuses light less effectively than the first adjustment portion 311, which is beneficial for increasing the amount of light emitted from a wide viewing angle in the shared state.

[0101] In one embodiment, the orthographic projection of the surface of each of the second adjustment portions 312 away from the substrate 10 onto the substrate 10 overlaps the orthographic projection of the bottom surface of the corresponding second pixel opening 222 onto the substrate 10. This allows more of the light emitted by the shared sub-pixel 202 to be refracted at the interface between the second adjustment portion 312 and the first insulating layer 32, further increasing the amount of orthographic light with a small emission angle in the shared state.

[0102] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG1, the orthographic projection of the surface of each of the first adjustment portions 311 away from the substrate 10 onto the substrate 10 covers the orthographic projection of the bottom surface of the corresponding first pixel opening 221 onto the substrate 10. This allows more of the light emitted by the privacy sub-pixel 201 to be refracted at the interface between the second adjustment portion 312 and the first insulating layer 32, further increasing the amount of light emitted at a small orthographic angle in the privacy state.

[0103] In one embodiment, the difference between the refractive index of the light-adjusting film layer 31 and the refractive index of the first insulating layer 32 is greater than 0.1. This effectively reduces the amount of light emitted from wide viewing angles under privacy conditions. In some embodiments, the refractive index of the light-adjusting film layer 31 is greater than 1.6, and the refractive index of the first insulating layer 32 is less than 1.5.

[0104] In one embodiment, the ratio of the height of the first adjustment portion 311 in the direction perpendicular to the substrate to its maximum width in the direction parallel to the substrate ranges from 0.35 to 0.65. This facilitates the fabrication of the first adjustment portion 311 while ensuring privacy protection.

[0105] In one embodiment, the first insulating layer 32 is made of an organic material, and the surface of the first insulating layer 32 away from the substrate 10 is generally planar. In this way, the first insulating layer 32 can also serve a planarization function.

[0106] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG4, the surface of the first adjustment portion 311 away from the substrate 10 is a symmetry plane, which has a second symmetry plane 313. The second symmetry plane 313 of the first adjustment portion 311 is not on the same plane as the first symmetry plane 223 of the corresponding first pixel opening 221; the second symmetry planes 313 of all the first adjustment portions 311 are located on the same side of the first symmetry plane 223 of the corresponding first pixel opening 221. This configuration allows the position of maximum brightness in the brightness decay curve of the display panel in the direction perpendicular to the first symmetry plane 223 to be offset relative to the center of the display panel.

[0107] Furthermore, each of the second adjustment portions 312 has a third symmetry plane 314 on its surface away from the substrate 10. This third symmetry plane 314 is not on the same plane as the fourth symmetry plane 224 of the corresponding second pixel opening 222, and the direction in which the third symmetry plane 314 is offset relative to the corresponding fourth symmetry plane 224 is the same as the direction in which the second symmetry plane 313 is offset relative to the corresponding first symmetry plane 223. The second adjustment portion 312 and the first adjustment portion 311 are formed simultaneously in the same process step, therefore their offset directions relative to the corresponding pixel opening are the same. In the shared state, the user's eye can be offset relative to the center of the display panel in the same direction as the offset direction of the third symmetry plane 314 relative to the fourth symmetry plane 224, thereby receiving more light.

[0108] In one embodiment, the direction in which the second symmetry plane 313 is offset relative to the first symmetry plane 223 is the same as the direction in which the converging position of the emitted light rays is offset relative to the center of the display panel. As shown in FIG4, the second symmetry plane 313 is offset in the X direction relative to the first symmetry plane 223, and the converging position of the emitted light rays is offset in the X direction relative to the center of the display panel. The X direction is perpendicular to the first symmetry plane 223.

[0109] In one embodiment, the distance by which the second symmetry plane 313 is offset in the X direction relative to the first symmetry plane 223 ranges from 0.8 μm to 3.0 μm, and the emission position corresponding to the brightest ray in the positive viewing angle light is offset from the center of the display panel by 3° to 15°. In this embodiment, the design of the privacy sub-pixel 201 also applies to the shared sub-pixel 202, and will not be described again.

[0110] Figures 4 and 7 show the brightness decay curves of the display panel in privacy mode, as shown in Figures 10 and 11. Figure 10 shows the brightness decay curve in direction X, perpendicular to the first symmetry plane 223. This curve is symmetrical, but the line of symmetry is offset relative to the center of the display panel. Figure 11 shows the brightness decay curve in direction Y, parallel to the first symmetry plane 223. This curve is symmetrical and not offset relative to the center of the display panel. Direction Y is parallel to the first symmetry plane 223 and perpendicular to direction X.

[0111] Figure 12 shows the brightness decay curves of the display panel in privacy mode as shown in Figures 5, 6, 8 and 9. The brightness decay curve is an asymmetrical curve, and the position with the highest brightness in the brightness decay curve is offset relative to the center of the display panel.

[0112] The display panels shown in Figures 4 to 9 can be applied in scenarios requiring privacy protection on one side, such as in-vehicle displays.

[0113] The display panels shown in Figures 4 to 9 can also be used in the scenario shown in Figure 13. As shown in Figure 13, the X direction is the height direction, and the user's eye is offset in the X direction relative to the center of the display panel.

[0114] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG1, the first adjusting portion 311 and the second adjusting portion 312 are generally spherical cap-shaped. "Generally spherical cap-shaped" means that they are spherical cap-shaped overall, but are not limited to a standard spherical cap shape. That is, "spherical cap-shaped" here includes not only the shape of a basic spherical cap, but also shapes similar to a spherical cap. For example, the upper half of the spherical cap is a standard spherical cap, and the lower half is a cylinder. In some embodiments, the first adjusting portion 311 and the second adjusting portion 312 may be hemispherical, or have an asymmetrical structure similar to a hemisphere.

[0115] In some embodiments, the surfaces of the first adjusting portion 311 and the second adjusting portion 312 away from the substrate 10 may be part of a sphere. In other embodiments, the surfaces of the first adjusting portion 311 and the second adjusting portion 312 away from the substrate 10 may be arc surfaces.

[0116] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 5 and 6, and Figures 8 and 9, the surface of the first adjustment portion 311 away from the substrate 10 is an asymmetric surface. Thus, the regions of the first adjustment portion 311 on opposite sides of the first symmetry plane 223 exhibit different light refraction effects, resulting in an asymmetric brightness attenuation curve for the display panel in the direction perpendicular to the first symmetry plane 223.

[0117] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 5, 6, 8, and 9, the surface of the first adjustment portion 311 away from the substrate 10 includes opposing first edges 3111 and second edges 3112, located on opposite sides of the first symmetry plane 223. The distance from the first edge 3111 to the substrate 10 is greater than the distance from the second edge 3112 to the substrate 10. The curvature of the portion of the surface of the first adjustment portion 311 away from the substrate 10 between the first edge 3111 and the first symmetry plane 223 is a first curvature, and the curvature of the portion of the surface of the first adjustment portion 311 away from the substrate 10 between the second edge 3112 and the first symmetry plane 223 is a second curvature, which is greater than the first curvature. The second curvature and the first curvature may refer to average curvature. This allows the portion of the first adjustment section 311 located away from the substrate 10 on both sides of the first symmetry plane 223 to have different refraction effects on the light emitted by the privacy pixel 201, thereby making the brightness attenuation curve of the display panel in the direction perpendicular to the first symmetry plane 223 an asymmetrical curve.

[0118] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 5 and 8, the display panel further includes a second insulating layer 93 located on the side of the first insulating layer 32 facing the substrate 10, and the second insulating layer 93 has an opening 931; the first edge 3111 is located on the side of the second insulating layer 93 away from the substrate 10, and the second edge 3112 is located within the opening 931. This configuration allows the distance from the first edge 3111 to the substrate 10 to be greater than the distance from the second edge 3112 to the substrate 10, and the second curvature to be greater than the first curvature.

[0119] Furthermore, the second insulating layer 93 is located on the side of the second light-shielding layer 50 away from the substrate 10, for example, on the side of the touch structure layer 70 away from the substrate 10. The second insulating layer 93 can protect the touch structure layer and enhance the strength of the display panel.

[0120] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 6 and 9, the display panel further includes a second insulating layer 93 located on the side of the first insulating layer 32 facing the substrate 10. The first edge 3111 and the second edge 3112 are both located on the side of the second insulating layer 93 away from the substrate 10. The height of the portion of the second insulating layer 93 that contacts the first edge 3111 is greater than the height of the portion of the second insulating layer 93 that contacts the second edge 3112. In this embodiment, the thickness of the second insulating layer 93 is not uniform, with some areas having a thinner thickness than others. The second insulating layer 93 is located on the side of the second light-shielding layer 50 away from the substrate 10, for example, on the side of the touch structure layer 70 away from the substrate 10. The second insulating layer 93 can protect the touch structure layer and enhance the strength of the display panel.

[0121] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 5 and 6, the second insulating layer 93 is a second touch insulating layer 74. In the embodiment shown in Figure 5, a portion of the surface of the second touch conductive layer 71 is exposed by the second touch insulating layer 74, and the second edge 3112 is in direct contact with the surface of the second touch conductive layer 71 exposed by the second touch insulating layer 74.

[0122] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 1 to 6, 14, and 15, the display panel further includes an insulating film layer 91 located on the side of the light-emitting structure layer 20 away from the substrate 10. The insulating film layer 91 has a plurality of openings 911, and the orthographic projection of each opening 911 on the substrate 10 at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of a first pixel opening 221 on the substrate 10. The display panel also includes a light-enhancing structure 92 located within each opening 911, the refractive index of the light-enhancing structure 92 being greater than the refractive index of the insulating film layer 91. The light-enhancing structure 92 is in contact with at least a portion of the side of the opening 911. With this configuration, when the light emitted by the privacy sub-pixel 201 is incident on the side of the opening 911 by the light-enhancing structure 92, most of the light undergoes total internal reflection on that side, thereby helping to reduce light loss and improve the light emission efficiency of the display panel in privacy mode. In some embodiments, when the display panel includes a first adjustment portion 311, the insulating film layer 91 and the light-enhancing structure 92 are located between the light-emitting structure layer 20 and the first adjustment portion 311. In one embodiment, the orthographic projection of each of the openings 911 on the substrate 10 falls within the orthographic projection of a first pixel opening 221 on the substrate 10. In other embodiments, the orthographic projection of each of the openings 911 on the substrate 10 overlaps with the orthographic projection of a first pixel opening 221 on the substrate 10; that is, the orthographic projection of each of the openings 911 on the substrate 10 coincides with the orthographic projection of a first pixel opening 221 on the substrate 10, or the area of ​​the orthographic projection of each of the openings 911 on the substrate 10 is larger than the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the corresponding first pixel opening 221 on the substrate 10.

[0123] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 1 to 4 and Figure 14, each of the light-enhancing structures 92 and one of the first adjustment portions 311 are integrally formed. This configuration allows the light-enhancing structure 92 and the first adjustment portion 311 to be formed in the same process step, simplifying the display panel manufacturing process. As shown in Figures 5, 6, 8, and 9, the dashed line between the first adjustment portion 311 and the light-enhancing structure 92 is the dividing line between them; the portion above the dividing line is the first adjustment portion 311, and the portion below the dividing line is the light-enhancing structure 92. In reality, the dividing line does not exist.

[0124] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG16, the width of the portion of the first adjustment part 311 that contacts the surface of the second touch insulating layer 74 away from the substrate 10 is a first dimension d, and the thickness of the portion of the second touch insulating layer 74 located on the side of the second touch conductive layer 71 away from the substrate 10 is a second dimension h; the insulating film layer 91 is the second touch insulating layer 74; the width of the bottom surface of the first pixel opening 221 ranges from 6μm to 10μm, and the distance between the privacy sub-pixel 201 and the second touch insulating layer 74 ranges from 14μm to 20μm, with the first dimension d being larger than the second dimension h. With this configuration, as shown in FIG16, even if the light emitted by the privacy sub-pixel 201 is not reflected from the side of the opening 911, it will still be incident on the surface of the first adjustment part 311 away from the substrate 10 after passing through the second touch insulating layer 74. This reduces the amount of light emitted directly through the second touch insulating layer 74 without passing through the first adjustment part 311, thereby helping to reduce the light emission angle and improve the privacy effect.

[0125] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 1 to 4, the insulating film layer 91 includes the second touch insulating layer 74. Specifically, in the embodiments shown in Figures 1 to 4, the insulating film layer 91 is the second touch insulating layer 74, that is, the light enhancement structure 92 penetrates the second touch insulating layer 74.

[0126] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG14, the display panel includes multiple insulating film layers located between the light-emitting structure layer 20 and the light-adjusting structure 30, and the light-enhancing structure 92 penetrates two or more insulating film layers. This allows for a larger contact area between the light-enhancing structure 92 and the insulating film layers, thereby enabling more light emitted by the privacy pixel 201 to undergo total internal reflection at the side of the opening 911 of the insulating film layer 91, effectively reducing light loss. In the embodiment shown in FIG5, the light-enhancing structure 92 penetrates the second buffer layer 84, the first touch insulating layer 73, and the second touch insulating layer 74. Specifically, the second buffer layer 84 and the first touch insulating layer 73 are provided with through holes, the second touch insulating layer 74 partially fills the through holes, and the opening 911 penetrates the portion of the second touch insulating layer 74 located within the through holes and the portion of the second touch insulating layer 74 located on the side of the first touch insulating layer 73 away from the substrate 10. In other embodiments, the light-enhancing structure 92 penetrates the first touch insulating layer 73 and the second touch insulating layer 74.

[0127] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG15, the light enhancement structure 92 is spaced apart from the first adjustment part 311.

[0128] Further, as shown in Figure 15, the insulating film layer 91 is the insulating material layer 83. The insulating material layer 83 can be an organic layer. The organic layer has a larger thickness, which allows for a larger contact area between the light-enhancing structure 92 and the side of the opening 911, thereby increasing the amount of light that undergoes total internal reflection at the side of the opening 911.

[0129] In one embodiment, each shared sub-pixel 202 may have a structure identical to the light-enhancing structure on the side away from the substrate 10 to increase the light intensity at a positive viewing angle. Alternatively, the shared sub-pixel 202 may not have a structure identical to the light-enhancing structure on the side away from the substrate 10.

[0130] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG6, the side of the opening 911 of the insulating film layer 91 includes a first side and a second side opposite to each other, and the area of ​​the light enhancement structure 92 in contact with the first side is greater than the area in contact with the second side; the first side and the second side are located on opposite sides of the corresponding first symmetry plane 223.

[0131] In one embodiment, the slope angle of the opening 911 of the insulating film layer 91 ranges from 50° to 70°. Within this range, the amount of light that undergoes total internal reflection at the side of the opening 911 by the privacy sub-pixel 201 can be increased, thereby improving the brightness of the display panel in privacy mode.

[0132] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG1, the display panel further includes a polarizer 85 located on the side of the light adjustment structure 30 away from the substrate 10. The polarizer 85 can reduce the reflectivity of ambient light. In other embodiments, the polarizer 85 can be replaced by a structure of a color filter layer and a black matrix, wherein the black matrix has multiple through holes, and the color filter layer includes multiple color filter portions, each of which is located within a through hole. Alternatively, the polarizer can be replaced by a color filter layer, which includes multiple color filter portions, with at least two colors of color filter portions overlapping to multiplex the black matrix.

[0133] The display panel provided in this application is also suitable for fixed privacy scenarios, that is, it remains in a privacy state in a certain direction and cannot switch to a shared state. In this case, all sub-pixels of the display panel are privacy sub-pixels, and there are no shared sub-pixels. The design of the privacy sub-pixels can adopt the scheme of any embodiment of this application.

[0134] This application also provides a method for fabricating a display panel, used to fabricate the display panel shown in FIG4. The fabrication method will be described in detail below.

[0135] In step 110, a driving circuit layer is formed on the substrate.

[0136] Step 110 yields the first intermediate structure shown in Figure 17.

[0137] In one embodiment, between the steps of forming a driving circuit layer on the substrate 10, the fabrication method further includes forming a first buffer layer on the substrate 10.

[0138] In one embodiment, the step of forming a driving circuit layer on the substrate includes the following processes: forming an active layer 611 on the side of the first buffer layer away from the substrate 10; forming a gate insulating layer 62 covering the active layer 611; forming a gate 612 on the side of the gate insulating layer 62 away from the substrate 10; forming an interlayer dielectric layer 63 covering the gate 612; forming a first electrode 613 and a second electrode 614 on the side of the interlayer dielectric layer 63 away from the substrate 10, wherein the first electrode 613 and the second electrode 614 are in contact with the active layer 611 through vias penetrating the interlayer dielectric layer 63 and the gate insulating layer 62, respectively; and forming a planarization layer 64 covering the first electrode 613 and the second electrode 614.

[0139] In step 120, a first electrode and a pixel defining layer are formed on the side of the driving circuit layer away from the substrate.

[0140] Step 120 yields the second intermediate structure shown in Figure 18.

[0141] In step 130, an organic light-emitting layer and a second electrode are formed.

[0142] Step 130 yields the third intermediate structure shown in Figure 19. The organic light-emitting layer may include a light-emitting material layer, a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, and an electron transport layer. The organic light-emitting layer and the second electrode can be formed using a vacuum evaporation process.

[0143] In step 140, an encapsulation layer is formed.

[0144] Step 140 yields the fourth intermediate structure shown in Figure 20. The inorganic layer of the encapsulation layer can be prepared using chemical vapor deposition or atomic layer deposition, while the organic layer can be prepared using inkjet printing, screen printing, dispensing, or other methods.

[0145] In step 150, a first light-shielding layer and an insulating material layer located on the side of the first light-shielding layer away from the substrate are formed sequentially.

[0146] Step 150 yields the fifth intermediate structure shown in Figure 21. The first light-shielding layer 40 can be prepared using a coating process and an exposure and development process.

[0147] In step 160, a second buffer layer and a touch structure layer are formed on the side of the insulating material layer away from the substrate 10, and a plurality of openings are formed through the second touch insulating layer.

[0148] This step yields the sixth intermediate structure shown in Figure 22.

[0149] In step 170, a light enhancement structure and a light adjustment structure are formed within each opening. The light adjustment structure includes a light adjustment layer and a first insulating layer. The first insulating layer includes a first adjustment part and a second adjustment part.

[0150] This step yields the seventh intermediate structure shown in Figure 23. As shown in Figure 23, each first adjustment part 311 and its corresponding light enhancement structure 92 are integrally formed; the surface of each first adjustment part 311 away from the substrate 10 is located on the surface of the touch structure layer 70 away from the substrate 10. The light enhancement structure 92, the first adjustment part 311, and the second adjustment part 312 can be formed using a thermal reflow process or a printing process.

[0151] In step 180, a polarizer is attached to the side of the light-adjusting structure away from the substrate.

[0152] Step 180 yields the display panel shown in Figure 4.

[0153] This application also provides another method for fabricating a display panel, used to fabricate the display panel shown in Figure 5. The differences between this method and the method shown in Figure 4 will be described below; similarities will not be repeated.

[0154] The edge of the first adjustment portion 311 formed in step 170 is located within the opening 911 of the insulating film layer 91.

[0155] This application also provides another method for fabricating a display panel, used to fabricate the display panel shown in Figure 6. The following only describes the differences between this method and the method for fabricating the display panel shown in Figure 4; the similarities will not be repeated.

[0156] After forming the touch structure layer 70 in step 160, the eighth intermediate structure shown in FIG24 is obtained. As shown in FIG24, in the region adjacent to the opening 911 on the surface of the second touch insulating layer 74 away from the substrate 10, the portions located on opposite sides of the first symmetry plane 223 have different heights. The second touch insulating layer 74 can be exposed and developed using a halftone mask.

[0157] This application also provides another method for fabricating a display panel, used to fabricate the display panel shown in Figure 14. The differences between this method and the method shown in Figure 4 will be described below; similarities will not be repeated.

[0158] After forming the second buffer layer 84 in step 160, the ninth intermediate structure shown in FIG25 is obtained. As shown in FIG25, the second buffer layer 84 has a through hole 841 extending through the second buffer layer 84.

[0159] In step 160, after forming the first touch insulating layer 73, the first touch insulating layer 73 fills the through-hole 841 of the second buffer layer 84, and then a through-hole is formed. This through-hole penetrates the portion of the first touch insulating layer 73 located within the through-hole 841 and the portion of the second buffer layer 84 located away from the substrate 10. This step yields the tenth intermediate structure shown in FIG26. As shown in FIG26, the through-hole 731 penetrates the portion of the first touch insulating layer 73 located within the through-hole 841 and the portion of the second buffer layer 84 located away from the substrate 10.

[0160] Subsequently, a second touch insulating layer 74 is formed, which partially fills the through-hole 731, regardless of whether it is located on the side of the first touch insulating layer 73 away from the substrate 10. Then, an opening 911 is formed, which penetrates the portion of the second touch insulating layer 74 located within the through-hole 731 and the portion of the first touch insulating layer 73 located on the side away from the substrate 10. Through this step, the eleventh intermediate structure shown in FIG27 can be obtained.

[0161] This application also provides another method for fabricating a display panel, used to fabricate the display panel shown in Figure 15. The differences between this method and the method shown in Figure 4 will be described below; similarities will not be repeated.

[0162] In step 150, an opening 911 is also formed that penetrates the insulating material layer 83. Step 150 yields the twelfth intermediate structure shown in Figure 28.

[0163] After step 150 and before step 160, the fabrication method further includes forming a light-enhancing structure 92 located within each opening 911. This step yields the thirteenth intermediate structure shown in Figure 29.

[0164] The embodiments of the method for preparing the display panel provided in this application belong to the same concept as the embodiments of the display panel. The descriptions of relevant details and beneficial effects can be referred to each other and will not be repeated here.

[0165] This application also provides a display device. The display device includes the display panel described in any of the above embodiments.

[0166] In one embodiment, the display device further includes a driver and a power supply circuit, wherein the driver is used to provide a driving signal for driving the sub-pixels to emit light, and the power supply circuit is used to supply power to the display panel.

[0167] In one embodiment, the display device further includes a housing, and the display panel is disposed within the housing.

[0168] The display device provided in this application embodiment can be any device with display function, such as a mobile phone, tablet computer, television, laptop computer, or vehicle-mounted equipment.

[0169] It should be noted that the cross-sectional views in the embodiments of this application are partial schematic diagrams obtained by cutting the display panel along a direction perpendicular to the stacking direction of the film layers.

[0170] The technical solutions or features described in the above embodiments can be combined or complemented by each other without conflict. The scope of protection of this application is not limited to the precise structures described in the above embodiments and shown in the accompanying drawings; all modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A display panel, characterized in that, The display panel includes: Substrate; A light-emitting structure layer is located on one side of the substrate; the light-emitting structure layer includes a plurality of privacy-protecting sub-pixels; A pixel defining layer is located on the same side of the substrate as the light-emitting structure layer; the pixel defining layer has a plurality of first pixel openings, and each of the privacy sub-pixels is at least partially located within the first pixel openings; an insulating film layer is located on the side of the light-emitting structure layer away from the substrate, and the insulating film layer has a plurality of openings, the orthographic projection of each of the openings on the substrate at least partially overlapping the orthographic projection of one of the first pixel openings on the substrate; The light-enhancing structure has a refractive index greater than that of the insulating film layer, and the light-enhancing structure is provided in at least a portion of the opening, with the light-enhancing structure in contact with at least a portion of the side surface of the corresponding opening.

2. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The display panel further includes a light-adjusting structure located on the side of the light-emitting structure layer away from the substrate. The light-adjusting structure includes a light-adjusting film layer and a first insulating layer. The light-adjusting film layer includes a plurality of first adjusting portions. The orthographic projection of each first adjusting portion on the substrate at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of a first pixel opening on the substrate. The surface of each first adjusting portion away from the substrate protrudes in a direction away from the substrate. The refractive index of the first insulating layer is less than the refractive index of the light-adjusting film layer, and the first insulating layer covers the surface of each first adjusting portion away from the substrate.

3. The display panel according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each of the light enhancement structures and the corresponding first adjustment unit are integrated into one structure.

4. The display panel according to claim 3, characterized in that, The display panel further includes a touch structure layer located between the light-emitting structure layer and the light-adjusting structure. The touch structure layer includes a first touch conductive layer, a first touch insulating layer located on the side of the first touch conductive layer away from the substrate, a second touch conductive layer located on the side of the first touch insulating layer away from the substrate, and a second touch insulating layer located on the side of the second touch conductive layer away from the substrate. The insulating film layer includes the second touch insulating layer.

5. The display panel according to claim 4, characterized in that, The insulating film layer is the second touch insulating layer; the width of the portion of the first adjustment part that contacts the surface of the second touch insulating layer away from the substrate is a first dimension, and the thickness of the portion of the second touch insulating layer located on the side of the second touch conductive layer away from the substrate is a second dimension, wherein the first dimension is greater than the second dimension.

6. The display panel according to claim 2, characterized in that, The display panel includes multiple insulating film layers located between the light-emitting structure layer and the light-adjusting structure, and the light-enhancing structure penetrates two or more insulating film layers.

7. The display panel according to claim 6, characterized in that, The display panel further includes a touch structure layer located between the light-emitting structure layer and the light-adjusting structure. The touch structure layer includes a first touch conductive layer, a first touch insulating layer located on the side of the first touch conductive layer away from the substrate, a second touch conductive layer located on the side of the first touch insulating layer away from the substrate, and a second touch insulating layer located on the side of the second touch conductive layer away from the substrate. The light-enhancing structure penetrates the first touch insulating layer and the second touch insulating layer.

8. The display panel according to claim 6, characterized in that, The display panel further includes a buffer layer located on the side of the light-emitting structure layer away from the substrate and a touch structure layer located on the side of the buffer layer away from the substrate. The touch structure layer includes a first touch conductive layer, a first touch insulating layer located on the side of the first touch conductive layer away from the substrate, a second touch conductive layer located on the side of the first touch insulating layer away from the substrate, and a second touch insulating layer located on the side of the second touch conductive layer away from the substrate. The light enhancement structure penetrates the buffer layer, the first touch insulating layer, and the second touch insulating layer.

9. The display panel according to claim 2, characterized in that, The light enhancement structure is spaced apart from the first adjustment part.

10. The display panel according to claim 9, characterized in that, The display panel includes an encapsulation layer located on the side of the light-emitting structure layer away from the substrate, an insulating material layer located on the side of the encapsulation layer away from the substrate, and a touch structure layer located on the side of the insulating material layer away from the substrate. The light adjustment structure is located on the side of the touch structure layer away from the substrate. The insulating film layer includes the insulating material layer.

11. The display panel according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom surface of each first pixel opening has a first symmetry plane, which is perpendicular to the substrate; the surface of each first adjustment portion away from the substrate is asymmetrical about the first symmetry plane of the corresponding first pixel opening.

12. The display panel according to claim 11, characterized in that, The surface of the first adjustment portion away from the substrate has a second symmetry plane, and the second symmetry plane of the first adjustment portion is not on the same plane as the first symmetry plane of the corresponding first pixel opening; the second symmetry planes of all the first adjustment portions are located on the same side of the first symmetry plane of the corresponding first pixel opening.

13. The display panel according to claim 12, characterized in that, The light-emitting structure layer further includes a plurality of shared sub-pixels; the pixel defining layer is further provided with a plurality of second pixel openings, and each of the shared sub-pixels is at least partially located within the second pixel opening; the light-adjusting film layer further includes a plurality of second adjusting portions, and the orthographic projection of each second adjusting portion on the substrate at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of a second pixel opening on the substrate; The first insulating layer covers the surface of each of the second adjustment portions away from the substrate; Each of the second adjustment portions protrudes from the surface away from the substrate in a direction away from the substrate. The surface of the second adjustment portion away from the substrate has a third symmetry plane. The third symmetry plane is not on the same plane as the fourth symmetry plane of the corresponding second pixel opening. The direction in which the third symmetry plane is offset relative to the corresponding fourth symmetry plane is the same as the direction in which the second symmetry plane is offset relative to the corresponding first symmetry plane.

14. The display panel according to claim 11, characterized in that, The surface of the first adjustment part away from the substrate is an asymmetric surface.

15. The display panel according to claim 14, characterized in that, The surface of the first adjustment portion away from the substrate includes a first edge and a second edge, the first edge and the second edge being located on opposite sides of the first plane of symmetry, the distance from the first edge to the substrate being greater than the distance from the second edge to the substrate; the curvature of the portion of the surface of the first adjustment portion away from the substrate located between the first edge and the first plane of symmetry is a first curvature, the curvature of the portion of the surface of the first adjustment portion away from the substrate located between the second edge and the first plane of symmetry is a second curvature, and the second curvature is greater than the first curvature.

16. The display panel according to claim 15, characterized in that, The first edge is located on the side of the insulating film layer away from the substrate, and the second edge is located within the opening.

17. The display panel according to claim 15, characterized in that, Both the first edge and the second edge are in contact with the insulating film layer, and the height of the portion of the insulating film layer in contact with the first edge is greater than the height of the portion of the insulating film layer in contact with the second edge.

18. A display panel, characterized in that, The display panel includes: Substrate; A light-emitting structure layer is located on one side of the substrate; the light-emitting structure layer includes a plurality of privacy-protecting sub-pixels; A pixel defining layer is located on the same side of the substrate as the light-emitting structure layer; the pixel defining layer has a plurality of first pixel openings, and each privacy sub-pixel is at least partially located within the first pixel opening; the bottom surface of each first pixel opening has a first symmetry plane, which is perpendicular to the substrate; A light-adjusting structure, located on the side of the light-emitting structure layer away from the substrate, includes a light-adjusting film layer and a first insulating layer. The light-adjusting film layer includes a plurality of first adjusting portions, the orthographic projection of each first adjusting portion on the substrate at least partially overlapping the orthographic projection of a first pixel opening on the substrate. The refractive index of the first insulating layer is less than the refractive index of the light-adjusting film layer, and the first insulating layer covers the surface of each first adjusting portion away from the substrate. The surface of each first adjusting portion away from the substrate protrudes in a direction away from the substrate, and the surface of each first adjusting portion away from the substrate is asymmetrical about a first symmetry plane of the corresponding first pixel opening.

19. The display panel according to claim 18, characterized in that, The surface of the first adjustment portion away from the substrate has a second symmetry plane, and the second symmetry plane of the first adjustment portion is not on the same plane as the first symmetry plane of the corresponding first pixel opening; the second symmetry planes of all the first adjustment portions are located on the same side of the first symmetry plane of the corresponding first pixel opening.

20. The display panel according to claim 19, characterized in that, The light-emitting structure layer further includes a plurality of shared sub-pixels; the pixel defining layer is further provided with a plurality of second pixel openings, and each of the shared sub-pixels is at least partially located within the second pixel opening; the light-adjusting film layer further includes a plurality of second adjusting portions, and the orthographic projection of each second adjusting portion on the substrate at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of a second pixel opening on the substrate; The first insulating layer covers the surface of each of the second adjustment portions away from the substrate; Each of the second adjustment portions protrudes from the surface away from the substrate in a direction away from the substrate. The surface of the second adjustment portion away from the substrate has a third symmetry plane. The third symmetry plane is not on the same plane as the fourth symmetry plane of the corresponding second pixel opening. The direction in which the third symmetry plane is offset relative to the corresponding fourth symmetry plane is the same as the direction in which the second symmetry plane is offset relative to the corresponding first symmetry plane.

21. The display panel according to claim 18, characterized in that, The surface of the first adjustment part away from the substrate is an asymmetric surface.

22. The display panel according to claim 18, characterized in that, The surface of the first adjustment portion away from the substrate includes a first edge and a second edge, the first edge and the second edge being located on opposite sides of the first plane of symmetry, the distance from the first edge to the substrate being greater than the distance from the second edge to the substrate; the curvature of the portion of the surface of the first adjustment portion away from the substrate located between the first edge and the first plane of symmetry is a first curvature, the curvature of the portion of the surface of the first adjustment portion away from the substrate located between the second edge and the first plane of symmetry is a second curvature, and the second curvature is greater than the first curvature.

23. The display panel according to claim 22, characterized in that, The display panel further includes a second insulating layer located on the side of the first insulating layer facing the substrate, the second insulating layer having an opening; the first edge is located on the side of the second insulating layer away from the substrate, and the second edge is located within the opening.

24. The display panel according to claim 22, characterized in that, The display panel further includes a second insulating layer located on the side of the first adjustment portion facing the substrate, with both the first edge and the second edge located on the side of the second insulating layer away from the substrate; the height of the portion of the second insulating layer that contacts the first edge is greater than the height of the portion of the second insulating layer that contacts the second edge.

25. A display device, characterized in that, Includes the display panel as described in any one of claims 1 to 24.

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