Water and fertilizer integrated multi-channel precision quantitative proportional fertilizer applicator

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of agricultural fertilization machinery, and discloses a water-fertilizer integrated multi-channel precision quantitative proportional fertilization machine, which comprises a main water supply pipeline, a homogeneous fertilizer mixing module and a differential pressure self-cleaning filter module connected in sequence. A plurality of fertilizer storage tanks of the multi-channel fertilizer injection module are connected in parallel to the homogeneous fertilizer mixing module through fertilizer injection branch pipes, the fertilizer injection branch pipes are connected with electromagnetic proportional regulating valves and electromagnetic flow meters in series, and the homogeneous fertilizer mixing module is provided with ultrasonic transducers and comprehensive water quality detection transmitters. The differential pressure sensor is arranged at the inlet and outlet of the differential pressure self-cleaning filter module, and the electromagnetic blowdown valve is arranged at the blowdown end. The intelligent main control unit receives flow, water quality and differential pressure monitoring data, controls the electromagnetic proportional regulating valve to adjust the independent fertilizer injection amount by using a closed loop algorithm, drives the ultrasonic transducer to generate cavitation effect to crush unsolved fertilizer particles, and opens the electromagnetic blowdown valve to perform fluid negative pressure backwashing operation when the pressure difference exceeds the limit. The present application realizes quantitative injection of multi-element fertilizer, fluid physical homogenization and automatic blowdown of the net core.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural fertilization machinery technology, specifically to a multi-channel precision quantitative proportional fertilizer applicator that integrates water and fertilizer application. Background Technology

[0002] Existing fertigation equipment typically uses a Venturi injector or water pump to inject liquid fertilizer into the main water supply pipeline. When addressing the multi-element fertilization needs of crops, the direct mixing of multiple high-concentration liquid fertilizers within the pipeline can easily lead to the formation of high-viscosity flocs and crystals due to physical sedimentation. Conventional equipment often relies on mechanical agitators for fertilizer mixing, but high-viscosity fluids can increase the operating resistance of mechanical moving parts or even cause them to jam, reducing the physical homogeneity of the fluid.

[0003] Meanwhile, insoluble substances in the mixed fluid continuously adhere to and accumulate on the surface of the filter element as it flows through the filtration device, reducing the cross-sectional area of ​​the pipeline and causing a sharp increase in the pressure difference between the front and rear ends. Existing passive filter elements, once physically clogged, require the main water supply to be shut off and manually disassembled for cleaning, interrupting the continuous operation of the equipment.

[0004] In addition, the water pressure in the main water supply pipeline is often affected by fluctuations in the external water source. The fixed opening regulating valve of the traditional equipment cannot dynamically change the actual physical cross-sectional area of ​​each fertilizer injection branch pipe, resulting in a deviation between the actual injection volume of the multi-channel concentrate and the set formula parameters. This cannot offset the physical interference of water pressure fluctuations on the fertilizer absorption action, making it difficult to achieve independent quantitative injection of various liquid fertilizers according to the set ratio.

[0005] Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-channel precision quantitative fertilizer applicator that integrates water and fertilizer application, in order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a multi-channel precision quantitative fertilizer applicator that integrates water and fertilizer application. This solves the problems of easy flocculation and crystallization during mixing, easy physical clogging of the filter screen requiring manual cleaning, and inaccurate quantitative fertilizer injection ratios caused by fluctuations in the main water supply network when dealing with multi-element high-concentration liquid fertilizers.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: a water and fertilizer integrated multi-channel precision quantitative proportional fertilizer applicator, comprising a main water supply pipeline, a multi-channel fertilizer injection module, a homogenized fertilizer mixing module, a differential pressure self-cleaning filter module, and an intelligent main control unit; The inlet of the main water supply pipeline is connected to an external water source, and the outlet of the main water supply pipeline is used to connect to an external drip irrigation network. The differential pressure self-cleaning filter module and the homogeneous fertilizer mixing module are connected in series along the water flow direction on the main water supply pipeline. The multi-channel fertilizer injection module includes multiple fertilizer storage tanks. The bottom outlet of each fertilizer storage tank is connected to a fertilizer injection branch pipe. Each fertilizer injection branch pipe is connected to the interior of the homogenized fertilizer mixing module. An electromagnetic proportional regulating valve and an electromagnetic flow meter are connected in series on each fertilizer injection branch pipe. The differential pressure self-cleaning filter module is equipped with a differential pressure detection component and an electromagnetic drain valve; the homogenized fertilizer mixing module is equipped with an ultrasonic transducer. The signal input terminal of the intelligent main control unit is used to receive real-time monitoring data from each of the electromagnetic flowmeters and the differential pressure detection component, and the control output terminal of the intelligent main control unit is used to drive the operation of each of the electromagnetic proportional regulating valves, the electromagnetic drain valves, and the ultrasonic transducers.

[0008] Preferably, the differential pressure self-cleaning filter module includes a filter cylinder; The differential pressure detection assembly includes a front differential pressure sensor installed at the liquid inlet end and a rear differential pressure sensor installed at the liquid outlet end of the filter cylinder. The filter cylinder has a drain branch pipe on its side wall, and the electromagnetic drain valve is installed on the drain branch pipe.

[0009] Preferably, the intelligent main control unit stores a preset anti-blocking pressure difference value; The intelligent main control unit is used to acquire the pressure difference between the front differential pressure sensor and the rear differential pressure sensor in real time, and when the pressure difference is greater than the preset anti-clogging pressure difference value, it controls the electromagnetic drain valve to open to perform fluid negative pressure backwashing operation.

[0010] Preferably, the homogenized fertilizer mixing module includes a main fertilizer mixing tank; The ultrasonic transducer is installed on the outer wall of the main tank of the fertilizer mixing plant, and a comprehensive water quality transmitter is inserted inside the main tank of the fertilizer mixing plant. The comprehensive water quality transmitter is connected to the signal input terminal of the intelligent main control unit.

[0011] Preferably, the integrated water quality transmitter is a composite sensor that includes a conductivity detection probe and a pH detection probe; The intelligent main control unit is used to acquire real-time detection data from the integrated water quality transmitter and control the ultrasonic transducer to start and stop, generating ultrasonic cavitation effect to shatter undissolved fertilizer particles in the fluid.

[0012] Preferably, the specific number of the multi-channel fertilizer injection modules is five, which correspond to five fertilizer storage tanks that independently hold nitrogen fertilizer stock solution, monoammonium phosphate stock solution, ammonium polyphosphate stock solution, potassium fertilizer stock solution and trace element fertilizer stock solution. The fertilizer injection branch pipes at the bottom of the five fertilizer storage tanks are connected in parallel and then converge into the homogenized fertilizer mixing module.

[0013] Preferably, the intelligent main control unit has a built-in proportional-integral-derivative closed-loop control algorithm module; The intelligent main control unit is used to calculate the deviation between the preset target flow data and the actual flow data fed back by the electromagnetic flowmeter on each of the fertilizer injection branch pipes, and adjust the opening of the electromagnetic proportional regulating valve on the corresponding fertilizer injection branch pipe in real time according to the deviation calculation result, so as to independently and quantitatively inject high-concentration liquid fertilizer into each of the fertilizer injection branch pipes.

[0014] Preferably, the intelligent main control unit stores a database of fertilizer ratios for different growth stages of crops; The preset target flow data is generated by the intelligent main control unit by retrieving the corresponding formula parameters from the fertilizer ratio database based on the received current crop growth stage instruction.

[0015] Preferably, the intelligent main control unit integrates an Internet of Things (IoT) wireless communication gateway; The intelligent main control unit communicates with the soil moisture sensor through the Internet of Things wireless communication gateway. The intelligent main control unit is used to dynamically adjust the irrigation strategy based on the feedback data from the soil moisture sensor.

[0016] Preferably, the external drip irrigation network is a field-buried drip irrigation tape assembly.

[0017] This invention provides a multi-channel precision quantitative fertilizer applicator integrating water and fertilizer application. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention solves the technical problem of flocculation and sedimentation of high-viscosity, easily crystallizing fertilizers during mixing by installing an ultrasonic transducer on the outer wall of the homogenizing fertilizer mixing module and inserting a comprehensive water quality transmitter inside it. The intelligent main control unit controls the start and stop of the ultrasonic transducer based on the real-time conductivity data feedback from the comprehensive water quality transmitter, using the local shock wave generated by the ultrasonic cavitation effect to break up undissolved fertilizer particles in the fluid. This structure replaces the mechanical stirring paddle with non-contact ultrasonic vibration, eliminating the physical failure of mechanical moving parts being stuck due to high-viscosity fluid, and enabling the fertilizer particles to achieve physical homogenization in the fluid.

[0018] 2. This invention solves the problem of manual cleaning of physically clogged filter elements by configuring front-end and rear-end differential pressure sensors at the inlet and outlet of the differential pressure self-cleaning filter module, respectively, and linking them with an electromagnetic drain valve on the drain pipe. The intelligent main control unit calculates the pressure difference of the fluid before and after passing through the filter element in real time. When the pressure difference exceeds the preset anti-clogging pressure difference value, a control signal is output to open the electromagnetic drain valve, using the negative pressure formed by the internal and external atmospheric pressure of the pipeline to generate reverse water flow. This process removes physical impurities attached to the inside of the filter element without disassembling the main pipeline, maintaining the set fluid throughput rate of the pipeline network.

[0019] 3. This invention solves the problem of injection volume error of multi-element fertilizers under pipeline pressure fluctuations by establishing five parallel fertilizer injection branches and incorporating a fertilizer ratio database and proportional-integral-derivative closed-loop control algorithm in the intelligent main control unit. The system converts crop growth period parameters into target flow data for the corresponding channels and calculates the deviation with the actual flow data obtained by the electromagnetic flowmeters on each fertilizer injection branch. Based on this, it outputs an analog signal to adjust the physical opening of the electromagnetic proportional regulating valve in real time. This control logic cancels out the physical interference of water pressure fluctuations in the main water supply pipeline on the fertilizer absorption action, realizing independent quantitative injection of various high-concentration liquid fertilizers when they flow through the pipeline network. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a diagram of the overall piping and system architecture of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a partial schematic diagram of a single-channel fertilizer injection branch pipe of the multi-channel fertilizer injection module of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the physical cross-sectional structure of the homogeneous fertilizer mixing module of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the physical cross-sectional structure of the differential pressure self-cleaning filter module of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware communication and drive control of the intelligent main control unit of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Please see the appendix Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 5This invention provides a multi-channel precision quantitative fertilizer applicator integrating water and fertilizer, comprising a main water supply pipeline, a multi-channel fertilizer injection module, a homogenizing fertilizer mixing module, a differential pressure self-cleaning filter module, and an intelligent main control unit. The inlet of the main water supply pipeline is connected to an external water source, and the outlet of the main water supply pipeline is used to connect to an external drip irrigation network. The differential pressure self-cleaning filter module and the homogenizing fertilizer mixing module are connected in series along the water flow direction on the main water supply pipeline. The multi-channel fertilizer injection module includes multiple fertilizer storage tanks, and the bottom outlet of each fertilizer storage tank is connected to an injection port. Each fertilizer injection branch pipe is connected to the homogenized fertilizer mixing module, and each fertilizer injection branch pipe is connected in series with an electromagnetic proportional regulating valve and an electromagnetic flow meter; the differential pressure self-cleaning filter module is equipped with a differential pressure detection component and an electromagnetic drain valve; the homogenized fertilizer mixing module is equipped with an ultrasonic transducer; the signal input terminal of the intelligent main control unit is used to receive real-time monitoring data from each electromagnetic flow meter and differential pressure detection component, and the control output terminal of the intelligent main control unit is used to drive the operation of each electromagnetic proportional regulating valve, electromagnetic drain valve, and ultrasonic transducer.

[0023] Specifically, the main water supply pipeline uses rigid PVC or PE pipes with a diameter of DN50 to DN100. The differential pressure self-cleaning filter module and the homogenizing fertilizer mixing module are connected in series on the main axis of the main water supply pipeline via flange connections. The physical topology of the multi-channel fertilizer injection module is as follows: multiple fertilizer storage tanks are arranged in a straight array along the horizontal direction. The bottom outlet of each fertilizer storage tank is connected to the reserved liquid flow interface on the side wall of the homogenizing fertilizer mixing module via UPVC pipes with an outer diameter of 20mm to 32mm. The fertilizer injection branch pipes are connected in parallel in the fluid path. The main board of the intelligent main control unit integrates analog input interfaces (4-20mA or 0-5V) and digital output interfaces. Its signal input terminal is physically connected to the signal terminal of the electromagnetic flowmeter and the signal terminal of the differential pressure detection component via shielded twisted pair cables. Its control output terminal is physically connected to the power drive terminal of the electromagnetic proportional regulating valve, electromagnetic drain valve, and ultrasonic transducer via relay modules.

[0024] The differential pressure self-cleaning filter module includes a filter cylinder; the differential pressure detection component includes a front differential pressure sensor installed at the liquid inlet end and a rear differential pressure sensor installed at the liquid outlet end of the filter cylinder; a drain branch pipe is provided on the side wall of the filter cylinder, and an electromagnetic drain valve is installed on the drain branch pipe.

[0025] Specifically, the filter cylinder consists of a pressure-bearing outer shell and an internal stainless steel filter core with an aperture of 120 to 150 mesh. A front-end differential pressure sensor is installed via a threaded interface on the pipe wall before the fluid enters the filter core; a rear-end differential pressure sensor is installed via a threaded interface on the pipe wall after the fluid passes through the filter core. The inner diameter of the drain branch pipe is 1 / 2 to 1 / 3 of the inner diameter of the filter cylinder's inlet end, and it is welded to the side wall near the bottom of the filter cylinder. An electromagnetic drain valve is connected in series in the center of this drain branch pipe. The absolute pressure value of the inlet water collected by the front-end differential pressure sensor... The absolute pressure value of the effluent collected by the downstream differential pressure sensor All signals are transmitted to the intelligent main control unit in the form of analog electrical signals.

[0026] The intelligent main control unit stores a preset anti-clogging pressure difference value; the intelligent main control unit is used to obtain the pressure difference between the front-end differential pressure sensor and the rear-end differential pressure sensor in real time, and when the pressure difference is greater than the preset anti-clogging pressure difference value, it controls the electromagnetic drain valve to open to perform fluid negative pressure backwashing operation.

[0027] Specifically, the intelligent main control unit's internal memory has preset anti-blockage pressure difference values. (The setting range is typically 0.05MPa to 0.08MPa). During operation, the intelligent main control unit cycles... Collect data and perform the following calculations and judgments: The first step is to calculate the real-time pressure difference. : ; The second step is to perform conditional judgment: when the judgment condition is met... Upon activation, the intelligent main control unit outputs a 24V DC high-level opening signal to the electromagnetic drain valve.

[0028] The third step is to perform physical backwashing: After the electromagnetic drain valve is opened, the drain branch pipe is connected to the outside atmosphere, and a pressure difference is formed inside and outside the filter cylinder. The fluid flows from the liquid outlet end of the filter cylinder in the opposite direction through the filter screen to the drain branch pipe, carrying out the physical impurities attached to the inside of the filter screen. After a set time (such as 15 seconds), the intelligent main control unit outputs a low level to close the electromagnetic drain valve.

[0029] The homogenized fertilizer mixing module includes a main fertilizer mixing tank; an ultrasonic transducer is installed on the outer wall of the main fertilizer mixing tank, and a comprehensive water quality testing transmitter is inserted inside the main fertilizer mixing tank. The comprehensive water quality testing transmitter is connected to the signal input terminal of the intelligent main control unit.

[0030] Specifically, the main tank for mixing fertilizer is a cylindrical stainless steel or high-density polyethylene sealed container. The ultrasonic transducer is made of piezoelectric ceramic material and is bonded and fastened to the metal shell in the lower middle part of the outer wall of the main tank for mixing fertilizer with epoxy resin structural adhesive. Its mechanical vibration direction is perpendicular to the outer wall of the main tank for mixing fertilizer. The main body of the integrated water quality test transmitter has a rod-shaped structure and is inserted vertically into the tank through the sealing flange at the top of the main tank for mixing fertilizer. The detection probe at its end is submerged below the minimum liquid level line set inside the tank. The integrated water quality test transmitter is connected to the signal input terminal of the intelligent main control unit through an RS485 bus.

[0031] The integrated water quality transmitter is a composite sensor that includes a conductivity detection probe and a pH detection probe. The intelligent main control unit is used to acquire the real-time detection data of the integrated water quality transmitter and control the start and stop of the ultrasonic transducer to generate an ultrasonic cavitation effect to break up undissolved fertilizer particles in the fluid.

[0032] Specifically, the real-time conductivity value of the fluid output by the integrated water quality transmitter. pH value The intelligent main control unit has a pre-stored target conductivity range. When the real-time conductivity value or rate of change of conductivity When abnormal fluctuations occur (indicating fertilizer sedimentation or uneven mixing), the intelligent main control unit sends a trigger command to the ultrasonic drive power supply. The ultrasonic transducer receives the high-frequency electrical signal and converts it into high-frequency mechanical vibration of 20kHz to 40kHz. This vibration penetrates the wall of the main mixing tank and is introduced into the internal fluid, its cavitation effect creating a sound pressure level. It must satisfy a value greater than the fluid cavitation threshold. Conditions: ; in For environmental static pressure, The fluid surface tension coefficient, The initial radius of the microbubble is given. Sound pressure causes microbubbles to form inside the fluid and quickly close. The local shock wave generated at the moment of closure physically breaks up undissolved crystals of ammonium polyphosphate or monoammonium phosphate in the fluid, resulting in a more uniform local concentration.

[0033] The multi-channel fertilizer injection module consists of five sets, each corresponding to a separate storage tank containing nitrogen fertilizer stock solution, monoammonium phosphate stock solution, ammonium polyphosphate stock solution, potassium fertilizer stock solution, and trace element fertilizer stock solution. The fertilizer injection branch pipes at the bottom of the five storage tanks are connected in parallel and then converge into the homogenized fertilizer mixing module.

[0034] Specifically, the five sets of fertilizer storage tanks are physically positioned on the same horizontal reference plane. The liquid outlet pipe structure at the bottom of each set of fertilizer storage tanks is identical, that is, a manual ball valve, a mesh filter, an electromagnetic flow meter, and an electromagnetic proportional regulating valve are sequentially connected from the bottom opening of the tank to form a single fertilizer injection branch pipe. The ends of the five fertilizer injection branch pipes converge to a horizontally set main manifold (i.e., parallel structure). The output end of this main manifold is connected to the liquid inlet of the homogenized fertilizer mixing module through a one-way check valve, structurally isolating the reverse cross-mixing reaction of different high-concentration raw solutions within the fertilizer storage tanks.

[0035] The intelligent main control unit has a built-in proportional-integral-derivative closed-loop control algorithm module. The intelligent main control unit is used to calculate the deviation between the preset target flow data and the actual flow data fed back by the electromagnetic flowmeter on each fertilizer injection branch pipe, and adjust the opening of the electromagnetic proportional regulating valve on the corresponding fertilizer injection branch pipe in real time according to the deviation calculation result, so as to independently and quantitatively inject high-concentration liquid fertilizer into each fertilizer injection branch pipe.

[0036] Specifically, for any first One fertilizer injection branch pipe ( The intelligent main control unit executes the following control logic in its built-in proportional-integral-derivative closed-loop control algorithm module: Step 1, Calculation Flow deviation value at time : ; in, For the first The channel's preset target traffic data, For the first The actual flow data fed back by the channel electromagnetic flowmeter.

[0037] The second step is to run the positional PID algorithm formula to calculate the control output of the corresponding electromagnetic proportional control valve. (i.e., the valve opening control voltage or current value): ; in, This is the proportionality coefficient. The integral coefficient is... is the differential coefficient.

[0038] The intelligent main control unit will calculate the results. Converted to a 4-20mA analog signal and transmitted to the first The electromagnetic proportional control valve actuator in the channel changes the mechanical displacement of the valve core, thereby adjusting the physical cross-sectional area of ​​the liquid actually flowing through it.

[0039] The intelligent main control unit stores a database of fertilizer ratios for different crop growth stages; the preset target flow data is generated by the intelligent main control unit by retrieving the corresponding formula parameters from the fertilizer ratio database based on the received instructions for the current crop growth stage.

[0040] Specifically, the fertilizer ratio database stores a data table that maps specific crop growth stages (such as the jointing stage of maize) to the recommended application rate of target elements per hectare. (Unit: kg / ha) and recommended total irrigation volume (Unit: L / ha) After receiving the reproductive period command from the outside, the intelligent main control unit retrieves the corresponding data and combines it with the real-time water flow of the current main water supply pipeline. (Unit: L / h) and the corresponding mass-volume concentration of the original solution in the fertilizer storage tank. (Unit: kg / L), calculate the number of times the parameter is converted using the following formula. Preset target traffic data for the channel (Unit: L / h): ; The output of this formula is directly used as the target input parameter of the proportional-integral-derivative closed-loop control algorithm module.

[0041] The intelligent main control unit integrates an IoT wireless communication gateway; the intelligent main control unit communicates with the soil moisture sensor through the IoT wireless communication gateway, and the intelligent main control unit is used to dynamically adjust the irrigation strategy based on the feedback data of the soil moisture sensor.

[0042] Specifically, the IoT wireless communication gateway includes a 4G module or a LoRa radio frequency module, and soil moisture sensors deployed at specific depths (such as 20cm and 40cm) below the surface of the target farmland periodically collect soil volumetric water content data. It transmits the data to the gateway via the wireless radio frequency band. The intelligent main control unit has a soil moisture content lower limit trigger threshold set internally. With upper limit stop threshold Its dynamic irrigation strategy adjustment logic is as follows: when the received... At that time, the intelligent main control unit outputs a high-level signal to the main control water pump contactor at the inlet of the main water supply pipeline to start the water flow and fertilizer mixing program; when the received signal... At this time, the intelligent main control unit outputs a low-level signal to cut off the power supply to the water pump and the multi-channel fertilizer injection module, thus stopping the physical irrigation action.

[0043] The external drip irrigation network consists of shallowly buried drip irrigation tape components in the field.

[0044] Specifically, the field shallow-buried drip irrigation tape assembly includes a main pipe, branch pipes, and capillary tubes made of polyethylene material. The outlet end of the main water supply pipe is physically connected to the main pipe of the network through a PVC tee fitting. The capillary tubes are buried 3cm to 5cm below the surface soil of the farmland. Labyrinth-style drippers are embedded in the pipe wall at equal intervals (e.g., 30cm interval). The mixed fluid, after being filtered by the pressure differential self-cleaning filter module, flows through the main pipe and branch pipes into the capillary tubes under the physical water pressure of 0.1MPa to 0.15MPa, and finally seeps into the soil pores around the crop roots in the form of water droplets through the labyrinth-style drippers.

[0045] Working principle: First, the fluid from the external water source enters the main water supply pipeline from the inlet end. The intelligent main control unit obtains the feedback data from the soil moisture sensor and the received instructions on the current crop growth stage through the Internet of Things wireless communication gateway, and retrieves the corresponding formula parameters from the fertilizer ratio database stored inside, and converts them to generate the preset target flow data.

[0046] During the fertilization stage, five storage tanks containing nitrogen fertilizer stock solution, monoammonium phosphate stock solution, ammonium polyphosphate stock solution, potassium fertilizer stock solution, and trace element fertilizer stock solution respectively drain their internal liquids to the corresponding fertilization branch pipes. Electromagnetic flowmeters on each fertilization branch pipe acquire the actual flow data and send it to the signal input terminal of the intelligent main control unit. The intelligent main control unit uses a built-in proportional-integral-derivative closed-loop control algorithm module to calculate the deviation between the preset target flow data and the actual flow data. Based on the deviation calculation result, it adjusts the opening of the corresponding electromagnetic proportional regulating valve on each fertilization branch pipe through its control output terminal, so that the liquids in the five fertilization branch pipes flow in parallel into the main mixing tank of the homogenized mixing module according to the set ratio.

[0047] During the fertilizer mixing stage, a comprehensive water quality transmitter inserted inside the main mixing tank acquires real-time detection data through its conductivity and pH probes and transmits it to the intelligent control unit. Based on this data, the intelligent control unit outputs a drive signal to the ultrasonic transducer on the outer wall of the main mixing tank to control its start and stop, causing it to generate an ultrasonic cavitation effect to break up undissolved fertilizer particles in the fluid in the main mixing tank. The mixed fluid then flows into the differential pressure self-cleaning filter module connected in series on the main water supply pipeline. The intelligent control unit receives real-time monitoring data from the front differential pressure sensor at the inlet end and the rear differential pressure sensor at the outlet end of the filter cylinder and calculates the pressure difference between them. When the pressure difference is found to be greater than the preset anti-clogging pressure difference value stored in the intelligent control unit, the intelligent control unit drives the electromagnetic drain valve installed on the drain branch pipe of the filter cylinder to open, triggering a negative pressure backwashing operation to discharge the trapped impurities.

[0048] Finally, the fluid filtered by the filter screen inside the filter cylinder flows into the externally connected shallow-buried drip irrigation tape assembly through the outlet of the main water supply pipeline to complete the fertilization process.

Claims

1. A multi-channel precision quantitative fertilizer applicator integrating water and fertilizer, characterized in that, It includes the main water supply pipeline, multi-channel fertilizer injection module, homogenized fertilizer mixing module, differential pressure self-cleaning filter module and intelligent main control unit; The inlet of the main water supply pipeline is connected to an external water source, and the outlet of the main water supply pipeline is used to connect to an external drip irrigation network. The differential pressure self-cleaning filter module and the homogeneous fertilizer mixing module are connected in series along the water flow direction on the main water supply pipeline. The multi-channel fertilizer injection module includes multiple fertilizer storage tanks. The bottom outlet of each fertilizer storage tank is connected to a fertilizer injection branch pipe. Each fertilizer injection branch pipe is connected to the interior of the homogenized fertilizer mixing module. An electromagnetic proportional regulating valve and an electromagnetic flow meter are connected in series on each fertilizer injection branch pipe. The differential pressure self-cleaning filter module is equipped with a differential pressure detection component and an electromagnetic drain valve; the homogenized fertilizer mixing module is equipped with an ultrasonic transducer. The signal input terminal of the intelligent main control unit is used to receive real-time monitoring data from each of the electromagnetic flowmeters and the differential pressure detection component, and the control output terminal of the intelligent main control unit is used to drive the operation of each of the electromagnetic proportional regulating valves, the electromagnetic drain valves, and the ultrasonic transducers.

2. The water and fertilizer integrated multi-channel precision quantitative proportional fertilizer applicator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The differential pressure self-cleaning filter module includes a filter cylinder; The differential pressure detection assembly includes a front differential pressure sensor installed at the liquid inlet end and a rear differential pressure sensor installed at the liquid outlet end of the filter cylinder. The filter cylinder has a drain branch pipe on its side wall, and the electromagnetic drain valve is installed on the drain branch pipe.

3. The water and fertilizer integrated multi-channel precision quantitative proportional fertilizer applicator according to claim 2, characterized in that, The intelligent main control unit stores a preset anti-blocking pressure difference value; The intelligent main control unit is used to acquire the pressure difference between the front differential pressure sensor and the rear differential pressure sensor in real time, and when the pressure difference is greater than the preset anti-clogging pressure difference value, it controls the electromagnetic drain valve to open to perform fluid negative pressure backwashing operation.

4. The water and fertilizer integrated multi-channel precision quantitative proportional fertilizer applicator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The homogenized fertilizer mixing module includes a main fertilizer mixing tank. The ultrasonic transducer is installed on the outer wall of the main tank of the fertilizer mixing plant, and a comprehensive water quality transmitter is inserted inside the main tank of the fertilizer mixing plant. The comprehensive water quality transmitter is connected to the signal input terminal of the intelligent main control unit.

5. The water and fertilizer integrated multi-channel precision quantitative proportional fertilizer applicator according to claim 4, characterized in that, The integrated water quality transmitter is a composite sensor that includes a conductivity detection probe and a pH detection probe. The intelligent main control unit is used to acquire real-time detection data from the integrated water quality transmitter and control the ultrasonic transducer to start and stop, generating ultrasonic cavitation effect to shatter undissolved fertilizer particles in the fluid.

6. The water and fertilizer integrated multi-channel precision quantitative proportional fertilizer applicator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific number of the multi-channel fertilizer injection modules is five, which correspond to five fertilizer storage tanks that independently hold nitrogen fertilizer stock solution, monoammonium phosphate stock solution, ammonium polyphosphate stock solution, potassium fertilizer stock solution and trace element fertilizer stock solution. The fertilizer injection branch pipes at the bottom of the five fertilizer storage tanks are connected in parallel and then converge into the homogenized fertilizer mixing module.

7. The water and fertilizer integrated multi-channel precision quantitative proportional fertilizer applicator according to claim 6, characterized in that, The intelligent main control unit has a built-in proportional-integral-derivative closed-loop control algorithm module. The intelligent main control unit is used to calculate the deviation between the preset target flow data and the actual flow data fed back by the electromagnetic flowmeter on each of the fertilizer injection branch pipes, and adjust the opening of the electromagnetic proportional regulating valve on the corresponding fertilizer injection branch pipe in real time according to the deviation calculation result, so as to independently and quantitatively inject high-concentration liquid fertilizer into each of the fertilizer injection branch pipes.

8. The water and fertilizer integrated multi-channel precision quantitative proportional fertilizer applicator according to claim 7, characterized in that, The intelligent main control unit stores a database of fertilizer ratios for different growth stages of crops. The preset target flow data is generated by the intelligent main control unit by retrieving the corresponding formula parameters from the fertilizer ratio database based on the received current crop growth stage instruction.

9. The water and fertilizer integrated multi-channel precision quantitative proportional fertilizer applicator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent main control unit integrates an Internet of Things (IoT) wireless communication gateway. The intelligent main control unit communicates with the soil moisture sensor through the Internet of Things wireless communication gateway. The intelligent main control unit is used to dynamically adjust the irrigation strategy based on the feedback data from the soil moisture sensor.

10. A multi-channel precision quantitative fertilizer applicator for integrated water and fertilizer application according to claim 1, characterized in that, The external drip irrigation network is a field-buried drip irrigation tape assembly.

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