Kinetic energy recovery type self-adsorption and self-cleaning straw chopping machine

Abstract

The present application belongs to agricultural machinery, and relates to a kinetic energy recovery type self-adsorption and self-cleaning straw chopping machine. The device comprises a machine tool shell, a three-point suspension frame, a straw chopping device, a straw self-adsorption and self-cleaning device, an airflow intensity adjusting device and a kinetic energy recovery device. The chopping device chops straw through the interaction of a hollow flail and a fixed knife. The self-adsorption and self-cleaning device increases the volume of the knife cavity by sliding down the magnetic rod body to generate negative pressure suction on the knife surface pores, realizes automatic adsorption of straw before chopping, compresses the volume of the knife cavity by sliding up to generate positive pressure jet on the pores, and realizes automatic blowing of the chopped straw. The airflow intensity adjusting device detects the amount of straw in front through a camera, controls the motor to change the stroke of the rod body, adjusts the volume change of the knife cavity, realizes real-time adjustment of the suction force and the jet thrust, and adapts to the adsorption needs of different amounts of straw. The kinetic energy recovery device converts the kinetic energy into electrical energy through the reciprocating insertion of the magnetic rod body to cut the magnetic induction lines, stores the electrical energy, and realizes the recovery of the mechanical energy of the whole machine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to agricultural machinery and mainly relates to a kinetic energy recovery type self-adsorption and self-cleaning straw shredder. Background Technology

[0002] After crop harvest, a large amount of long straw remains in the field. Existing equipment lacks effective fixation when chopping long straw, making it prone to slippage and deviation, resulting in incomplete chopping and affecting the straw decomposition rate. At the same time, the debris easily adheres to and entangles the cutter roller, leading to blockage and increased resistance, requiring frequent shutdowns for cleaning, affecting the continuity of operation and work efficiency. In addition, existing equipment cannot adjust airflow parameters according to the straw density in the field, resulting in insufficient adaptability; and the large amount of energy generated by the rotation of the cutter roller and the reciprocating motion of various components is dissipated in the form of vibration and friction, without being effectively recovered and utilized, resulting in high overall energy consumption. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned technical problems by developing a kinetic energy recovery type self-adsorption and self-cleaning straw shredder. This shredder utilizes a roller at the end of a magnetic rod that rolls along the contour of a variable-diameter cam mechanism, driving the magnetic rod to reciprocate. By employing negative pressure adsorption and positive pressure air jetting through the air holes on the blade surface, it achieves self-adsorption positioning and self-cleaning to prevent clogging during straw shredding. Furthermore, an airflow intensity adjustment device controls the suction and jet thrust in real time. Combined with a kinetic energy recovery device, the mechanical energy of the reciprocating motion of the magnetic rod is converted into electrical energy for storage. The invention achieves its purpose as follows: A kinetic energy recovery type self-adsorption and self-cleaning straw shredder, characterized by: a machine housing, a three-point suspension frame, a straw shredding device, a straw self-adsorption and self-cleaning device, an airflow intensity adjustment device, and a kinetic energy recovery device. The three-point suspension frame is fixed to the front end of the machine housing. The straw shredding device is installed inside the machine housing. The airflow intensity adjustment device, self-adsorption and self-cleaning device, and kinetic energy recovery device are radially integrated inside the hollow blade shaft and hollow spade.

[0004] The straw chopping device includes a first battery, a first motor, a driving pulley, a driven pulley, a belt, a hollow blade shaft, a hollow swivel blade, a first fixed blade, and a second fixed blade. The first battery and the first motor are respectively fixed on the outside of the machine housing. The first motor is connected to the first battery via an electric wire. The driving pulley is fixed on the end of the output shaft of the first motor. The driven pulley is connected to the driving pulley via a belt. The hollow blade shaft is rotatably mounted inside the machine housing. The hollow swivel blade is radially fixed on the hollow blade shaft. The first fixed blade is fixed on the front side inside the machine housing, and the second fixed blade is fixed on the rear side inside the machine housing.

[0005] The straw self-adsorption and self-cleaning device includes a hollow cutter shaft, a hollow throwing blade, a central fixed support rod, a variable diameter cam mechanism, a flexible covering layer, a piston, a magnetic rod, rollers, a return spring, and air holes. The variable diameter cam mechanism includes a cam base plate, a radial adjustment slider, a radial telescopic cam plate, and a cam adjustment disc. The hollow cutter shaft is rotatably mounted inside the machine housing. The hollow throwing blade is radially fixed to the hollow cutter shaft. The central fixed support rod is coaxially fixed to the hollow cutter shaft inside the machine housing. Fixed to the central fixed support rod, a flexible covering layer covers the outer side of the radially telescopic cam plate. The piston is radially slidably installed inside the hollow sling cutter. One end of the magnetic rod is fixed to the piston, and the roller is rotatably installed at the other end of the magnetic rod. One end of the return spring is fixed to the magnetic rod, and the other end of the return spring is fixed to the hollow cutter shaft. Under the action of the return spring, the roller always abuts against the outer contour of the variable diameter cam mechanism and can roll along the contour. The air hole is opened at the cutting edge of the hollow sling cutter.

[0006] The airflow intensity adjustment device includes a camera, a mounting plate, a second battery, a controller, three identical variable-diameter cam mechanisms, a flexible covering layer, three third batteries, and three hollow-shaft external rotor brushless motors. The variable-diameter cam mechanism is the same as that in the aforementioned straw self-adsorption and self-cleaning device. The camera is fixed to the outside of the machine housing, the mounting plate is fixed to one end of the hollow cutter shaft, and the second battery and controller are respectively fixed to the mounting plate and connected by wires. The three variable-diameter cam mechanisms are arranged axially at intervals on a central fixed support rod, and the cam base plate is fixed to the central fixed support rod. Radial adjustment... The slider is slidably installed in the groove of the cam base plate. The radial telescopic cam is fixedly installed at one end of the radial adjustment slider. The cam adjustment disk is coaxially and rotatably installed on the central fixed support rod. The radial adjustment slider is provided with a guide protrusion, which is embedded in the spiral groove on the end face of the cam adjustment disk to form a sliding fit. The flexible covering layer covers the outside of the radial telescopic cam. The three third batteries are respectively fixedly installed on the central fixed support rod. The stator hollow shafts of the three hollow shaft external rotor brushless motors are respectively coaxially fixedly installed on the central fixed support rod. The outer rotors of the three hollow shaft external rotor brushless motors are respectively fixedly installed on the three cam adjustment disks.

[0007] The kinetic energy recovery device includes a winding drum, a magnetic rod, a roller, and an integrated rectification and energy storage module. The winding drum is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the hollow blade. The induction generator coil is installed inside the winding drum. One end of the winding drum has an outlet. The first and last ends of the induction generator coil are led out through the outlet and connected to the integrated rectification and energy storage module. The magnetic rod is slidably installed in the inner cavity of the winding drum. The roller is rotatably installed at one end of the magnetic rod. Under the action of the return spring, the roller always abuts against the outer contour of the variable diameter cam mechanism and can roll along the contour. The integrated rectification and energy storage module is fixedly installed on the mounting plate. Thus, a kinetic energy recovery type self-adsorption and self-cleaning straw shredder is constituted.

[0008] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention mainly includes a straw chopping device, a straw self-adsorption and self-cleaning device, an airflow intensity adjustment device, and a kinetic energy recovery device. The straw chopping device is driven by a motor and a belt pulley.

[0009] The hollow blade shaft rotates, and the interaction between the hollow scissor blade and the fixed blade shreds the straw. The straw self-adsorption and self-cleaning device drives the magnetic rod to reciprocate by a roller at one end rolling along the contour of the variable-diameter cam mechanism. The magnetic rod slides downward to increase the volume of the blade cavity, creating negative pressure suction in the air holes on the blade surface, achieving automatic adsorption and positioning of the straw before the first chopping. The magnetic rod slides upward to compress the volume of the blade cavity, creating positive pressure air jets in the air holes, achieving automatic blowing and cleaning of the straw debris after the first chopping, providing cleanliness for the second chopping. The cutting environment is optimized; the airflow intensity adjustment device detects the density of straw in front via a camera, and the controller synchronously controls three hollow shaft external rotor brushless motors to drive three corresponding cam adjustment discs, changing the reciprocating stroke of the magnetic rod and adjusting the change in the volume of the blade chamber, thereby achieving real-time adjustment of suction and jet thrust to adapt to the adsorption and cleaning needs under different amounts of straw; the kinetic energy recovery device converts the kinetic energy of the magnetic rod's reciprocating sliding motion into electrical energy and stores it by cutting magnetic lines of force through the reciprocating insertion of the induction generator coil, thus realizing the recovery of the machine's mechanical energy. Attached Figure Description

[0010] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0011] Figure 1 Axonometric view of a kinetic energy recovery type self-adsorption self-cleaning straw shredder

[0012] Figure 2 Axonometric view of the cutter roller assembly

[0013] Figure 3 Radial sectional view of the cutter roller and fixed cutter mating (with partial enlarged view)

[0014] Figure 4 Front view of the cam follower mechanism in its expanded state

[0015] Figure 5 Axonometric view of a variable-diameter cam mechanism in its expanded state.

[0016] Part numbers in the diagram: 1. Machine housing; 2. Three-point suspension bracket; 3. First battery; 4. First motor; 5. Drive pulley; 6. Driven pulley; 7. Belt; 8. Hollow cutter shaft; 9. Hollow swivel cutter; 10. First fixed cutter; 11. Second fixed cutter; 12. Central fixed support rod; 13. Cam base plate; 14. Radial adjustment slider; 15. Radial telescopic cam plate; 16. Cam adjustment disc; 17. Flexible covering layer; 18. Piston; 19. Magnetic rod; 20. Roller; 21. Return spring; 22. Air hole; 23. Camera; 24. Mounting plate; 25. Second battery; 26. Controller; 27. Third battery; 28. Hollow shaft external rotor brushless motor; 29. ​​Winding drum; 30. Rectifier and energy storage integrated module. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The following is a detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. A kinetic energy recovery type self-adsorption and self-cleaning straw shredder includes a machine housing 1, a three-point suspension frame 2, a straw shredding device, a straw self-adsorption and self-cleaning device, an airflow intensity adjustment device, and a kinetic energy recovery device. The three-point suspension frame 2 is fixedly installed on the front end of the machine housing 1. The straw shredding device is installed inside the machine housing 1. The airflow intensity adjustment device, the self-adsorption and self-cleaning device, and the kinetic energy recovery device are integrated radially inside the hollow blade shaft 8 and the hollow blade 9.

[0018] The straw chopping device includes a first battery 3, a first motor 4, a driving pulley 5, a driven pulley 6, a belt 7, a hollow blade shaft 8, a hollow swivel blade 9, a first fixed blade 10, and a second fixed blade 11. The first battery 3 and the first motor 4 are respectively fixed on the outside of the machine housing 1. The first motor 4 is connected to the first battery 3 through an electric wire. The driving pulley 5 is fixed on the end of the output shaft of the first motor 4. The driven pulley 6 is connected to the driving pulley 5 through the belt 7. The hollow blade shaft 8 is rotatably installed inside the machine housing 1. The hollow swivel blade 9 is radially fixed on the hollow blade shaft 8. The first fixed blade 10 is fixed on the front side inside the machine housing 1. The second fixed blade 11 is fixed on the rear side inside the machine housing 1.

[0019] The straw self-adsorption and self-cleaning device includes a hollow cutter shaft 8, a hollow throwing blade 9, a central fixed support rod 12, a variable diameter cam mechanism, a flexible covering layer 17, a piston 18, a magnetic rod 19, a roller 20, a return spring 21, and an air hole 22. The variable diameter cam mechanism includes a cam base disk 13, a radial adjustment slider 14, a radial telescopic cam plate 15, and a cam adjustment disc 16. The hollow cutter shaft 8 is rotatably mounted inside the machine housing 1. The hollow throwing blade 9 is radially fixed to the hollow cutter shaft 8. The central fixed support rod 12 is coaxially fixed to the hollow cutter shaft 8 inside the machine housing 1. The structure is fixed on the central fixed support rod 12. The flexible covering layer 17 covers the outer side of the radial telescopic cam plate 15. The piston 18 is radially slidably installed inside the hollow sling cutter 9. One end of the magnetic rod 19 is fixed on the piston 18. The roller 20 is rotatably installed on the other end of the magnetic rod 19. One end of the return spring 21 is fixed on the magnetic rod 19. The other end of the return spring 21 is fixed on the hollow cutter shaft 8. Under the action of the return spring 21, the roller 20 always abuts against the outer contour of the variable diameter cam mechanism and can roll along the contour. The air hole 22 is opened at the cutting edge of the hollow sling cutter 9.

[0020] The airflow intensity adjustment device includes a camera 23, a mounting plate 24, a second battery 25, a controller 26, three identical variable-diameter cam mechanisms, a flexible covering layer 17, three third batteries 27, and three hollow-shaft external rotor brushless motors 28. The variable-diameter cam mechanism is the same as that in the aforementioned straw self-adsorption and self-cleaning device. The camera 23 is fixed to the outside of the machine housing 1, the mounting plate 24 is fixed to one end of the hollow cutter shaft 8, the second battery 25 and the controller 26 are respectively fixed to the mounting plate 24, and are connected by wires. The three variable-diameter cam mechanisms are arranged axially at intervals on the central fixed support rod 12, and the cam base plate 13 is fixed to the central fixed support rod 12. The adjusting slider 14 is slidably installed in the groove of the cam base plate 13. The radial telescopic cam plate 15 is fixedly installed at one end of the radial adjusting slider 14. The cam adjusting disc 16 is coaxially and rotatably installed on the central fixed support rod 12. The radial adjusting slider 14 is provided with a guide protrusion, which is embedded in the spiral groove on the end face of the cam adjusting disc 16 to form a sliding fit. The flexible covering layer 17 covers the outside of the radial telescopic cam plate 15. The three third batteries 27 are respectively fixedly installed on the central fixed support rod 12. The stator hollow shafts of the three hollow shaft external rotor brushless motors 28 are respectively coaxially fixedly installed on the central fixed support rod 12. The outer rotors of the three hollow shaft external rotor brushless motors 28 are respectively fixedly installed on the three cam adjusting discs 16.

[0021] The kinetic energy recovery device includes a winding drum 29, a magnetic rod 19, a roller 20, and a rectification and energy storage integrated module 30. The winding drum 29 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the hollow blade 9. The induction generator coil is installed inside the winding drum 29. One end of the winding drum 29 has an outlet. The first and last ends of the induction generator coil are led out through the outlet and connected to the rectification and energy storage integrated module 30. The magnetic rod 19 is slidably installed in the inner cavity of the winding drum 29. The roller 20 is rotatably installed at one end of the magnetic rod 19. Under the action of the return spring 21, the roller 20 always abuts against the outer contour of the variable diameter cam mechanism and can roll along the contour. The rectification and energy storage integrated module 30 is fixedly installed on the mounting plate 24. Thus, a kinetic energy recovery type self-adsorption and self-cleaning straw shredder is constituted.

[0022] During operation, the tractor drives the implement forward through the three-point suspension frame 2. The first battery 3 supplies power to the first motor 4. The first motor 4 drives the hollow cutter shaft 8 to rotate through the belt pulley transmission mechanism. The hollow cutter shaft 8 drives the hollow sling cutter 9 on the outer circumference to rotate synchronously. The piston 18, the magnetic rod 19, and the roller 20 installed inside the hollow sling cutter 9 rotate synchronously with the hollow cutter shaft 8. The roller 20 rolls along the outer contour of the variable diameter cam mechanism on the central fixed support rod 12. The roller 20 is rotatably installed at the end of the magnetic rod 19. The roller 20 moves radially as the cam contour rises and falls. Under the joint action of the return spring 21, it drives the magnetic rod 19 to slide radially back and forth inside the hollow sling cutter 9. As the magnetic rod 19 slides downwards, the internal cavity volume of the hollow blade 9 increases, and the air holes 22 on the blade surface generate negative pressure suction, adsorbing the straw onto the blade surface, achieving automatic adsorption and positioning before chopping. The hollow blade 9 interacts with the first fixed blade 10, which is fixed inside the front side of the machine housing 1, to complete the first chopping. After the first chopping is completed, the magnetic rod 19 slides upwards to compress the cavity volume, and the air holes 22 generate positive pressure air jets, blowing away the debris from the blade surface and the chopping area, achieving automatic cleaning, preventing blockage, and providing a clean cutting environment for the second chopping. Subsequently, the hollow blade 9 rotates to the position of the second fixed blade 11, which is fixed inside the rear side of the machine housing 1, and interacts with the second fixed blade 11 to complete the second chopping. The chopped straw debris falls to the field under gravity. The second battery 25 powers the controller 26, and the three third batteries 27 power the three hollow shaft external rotor brushless motors 28, respectively. During the chopping process, the camera 23 detects the density of straw in front in real time and transmits the signal to the controller 26. The controller 26 synchronously controls the three hollow shaft external rotor brushless motors 28 to drive the cam adjustment discs 16 of the corresponding three variable diameter cam mechanisms to rotate. The spiral groove on the end face of the cam adjustment disc 16 pushes the radial adjustment slider 14 to slide along the groove of the cam base disc 13 through the guide protrusion, causing the radial telescopic cam plate 15 to extend or retract radially. The flexible covering layer 17 expands or contracts synchronously, changing the height difference between the highest and lowest points of the variable diameter cam mechanism profile, thereby adjusting the reciprocating stroke of the magnetic rod 19, changing the change in the volume of the blade cavity, and realizing the real-time adjustment of the suction and jet thrust. At the same time, the magnetic rod 19 passes through the induction generator coil in the winding drum 29 during the reciprocating sliding process, cutting the magnetic lines of force to generate induced current, which is stored through the rectification and energy storage integrated module 30 to realize the recovery of mechanical energy of the whole machine.

[0023] It should be noted that, in this document, terms such as “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0024] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A kinetic energy recovery type self-adsorption self-cleaning straw shredder, characterized in that: The machine housing (1), three-point suspension frame (2), straw chopping device, straw self-adsorption and self-cleaning device, airflow intensity adjustment device, and kinetic energy recovery device are installed inside the machine housing (1). The three-point suspension frame (2) is fixed to the front end of the machine housing (1). The straw chopping device is installed inside the machine housing (1). The airflow intensity adjustment device, straw self-adsorption and self-cleaning device, and kinetic energy recovery device are integrated radially inside the hollow cutter shaft (8) and hollow sling (9). The straw self-adsorption and self-cleaning device includes a hollow cutter shaft (8), a hollow sling (9), a central fixed support rod (12), a variable diameter cam mechanism, a flexible covering layer (17), a piston (18), a magnetic rod (19), a roller (20), a return spring (21), and an air hole (22). The variable diameter cam mechanism includes a cam base plate (13), a radial adjustment slider (14), a radial telescopic cam plate (15), and a cam adjustment disc (16). The hollow cutter shaft (8) is rotatable. The hollow blade (9) is radially fixed to the hollow blade shaft (8) inside the machine housing (1). The central fixed support rod (12) is coaxially fixed to the hollow blade shaft (8) inside the machine housing (1). The variable diameter cam mechanism is fixed to the central fixed support rod (12). The flexible covering layer (17) covers the outside of the radially telescopic cam plate (15). The piston (18) is radially slidably installed inside the hollow blade (9). The magnetic rod body (19) One end is fixed to the piston (18), and the roller (20) is rotatably mounted on the other end of the magnetic rod (19). One end of the return spring (21) is fixed to the magnetic rod (19), and the other end of the return spring (21) is fixed to the hollow cutter shaft (8). Under the action of the return spring (21), the roller (20) always abuts against the outer contour of the variable diameter cam mechanism and can roll along the contour. The air hole (22) is opened at the cutting edge of the hollow slinger (9).

2. The kinetic energy recovery type self-adsorption self-cleaning straw shredder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The airflow intensity adjustment device includes a camera (23), a mounting plate (24), a second battery (25), a controller (26), three identical variable-diameter cam mechanisms, a flexible covering layer (17), three third batteries (27), and three hollow shaft external rotor brushless motors (28). The variable-diameter cam mechanism has the same structure as the variable-diameter cam mechanism in claim 1. The camera (23) is fixed to the outside of the machine housing (1), the mounting plate (24) is fixed to one end of the hollow cutter shaft (8), the second battery (25) and the controller (26) are respectively fixed to the mounting plate (24), and the second battery (25) and the controller (26) are connected by wires. The three variable-diameter cam mechanisms are arranged axially at intervals on the central fixed support rod (12), and the cam base plate (13) is fixed to the central fixed support rod (12). The radial adjustment slider (14) is slidably installed in the groove of the cam base plate (13). The radial telescopic cam plate (15) is fixedly installed at one end of the radial adjustment slider (14). The cam adjustment disc (16) is coaxially and rotatably installed on the central fixed support rod (12). The radial adjustment slider (14) is provided with a guide protrusion. The guide protrusion is embedded in the spiral groove on the end face of the cam adjustment disc (16) to form a sliding fit. The flexible covering layer (17) covers the outside of the radial telescopic cam plate (15). The three third batteries (27) are respectively fixedly installed on the central fixed support rod (12). The stator hollow shafts of the three hollow shaft external rotor brushless motors (28) are respectively coaxially fixedly installed on the central fixed support rod (12). The outer rotors of the three hollow shaft external rotor brushless motors (28) are respectively fixedly installed on the three cam adjustment discs (16).

3. The kinetic energy recovery type self-adsorption self-cleaning straw shredder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The kinetic energy recovery device includes a winding drum (29), a magnetic rod (19), a roller (20), and a rectification and energy storage integrated module (30). The winding drum (29) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the hollow blade (9). The induction generator coil is installed inside the winding drum (29). One end of the winding drum (29) is provided with an outlet. The first and last ends of the induction generator coil are led out through the outlet and connected to the rectification and energy storage integrated module (30). The magnetic rod (19) is slidably installed in the inner cavity of the winding drum (29). The roller (20) is rotatably installed at one end of the magnetic rod (19). Under the action of the return spring (21), the roller (20) always abuts against the outer contour of the variable diameter cam mechanism and can roll along the contour. The rectification and energy storage integrated module (30) is fixedly installed on the mounting plate (24). Thus, a kinetic energy recovery type self-adsorption and self-cleaning straw shredder is formed.

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