A wetland rice film mulching seeder

Abstract

The application discloses a wetland rice film seeding machine, which comprises a main frame, a seeding mechanism connected to the main frame, a compacting mechanism connected to the seeding mechanism, a land leveling mechanism connected to the main frame, a film covering system connected to the main frame and located at the rear side of the land leveling mechanism along the advancing direction, a film clamping mechanism arranged on the main frame and located at the outer side of the film covering system, and a film cutting mechanism connected to the main frame and the film covering system. The various mechanisms of the application are cooperated with each other, so that the whole machine can adapt to the operation requirements under the wetland conditions, and the problems of wetland soil adhesion, soil accumulation, uneven film covering and unfirm film compacting are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, and in particular to a wetland rice mulching planter. Background Technology

[0002] With the intensification of global climate change, the frequency of extreme weather events, and abnormal spatial and temporal distribution of precipitation, agricultural production faces severe challenges, and the area of ​​dryland crops prone to flooding and paddy crops prone to drought is expanding. Direct seeding of rice under mulch is a water-saving, drought-resistant, high-yield, and efficient planting model, which is of great significance for resolving current agricultural production contradictions and ensuring food security. Existing dryland rice mulch seeders and muddy rice mulch seeders can only operate in dryland and muddy conditions, and cannot operate in wetland conditions. Soil in wetland conditions (wetlands have significantly different physical and chemical properties compared to drylands and muddy fields. Compared to drylands, wetlands have higher soil moisture content, lower bearing capacity, and stronger adhesion, making it impossible for dryland mulching planters to perform leveling, mulching, and soil compaction; compared to muddy fields, wetlands have lower fluidity and stronger adhesion, making it difficult for muddy mulching planters to level, mulch, press, fix, and sow) is characterized by high moisture content, low bearing capacity, and easy adhesion. Existing equipment's leveling mechanisms are prone to soil accumulation in wetland conditions, and the mulching mechanism cannot lay the mulch film evenly on the moist and loose soil surface, leading to uneven mulching and insecure pressing. Currently, there is a lack of rice mulching planters specifically designed for wetland conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a technical solution for a wetland rice mulching planter that addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies, effectively solving problems such as soil adhesion, soil clogging, uneven mulch laying, and unstable film pressing under wetland conditions.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A wetland rice mulching planter, comprising: Main framework; The seeding mechanism is connected to the main frame; And the pressing mechanism, connected to the sowing mechanism; Its features are: It also includes a leveling mechanism, which is connected to the main frame; The mulching system is connected to the main frame and is located behind the leveling mechanism in the forward direction; The membrane clamping mechanism is located on the main frame and on the outside of the membrane covering system; And the film cutting mechanism, which is connected to the main frame and the film coating system.

[0005] By adopting the above technical solution, the soil leveling mechanism can level the wetland field before mulching, providing a flat working surface for subsequent mulching. The mulching system is positioned behind the soil leveling mechanism along the forward direction, ensuring that mulching is carried out on the leveled soil and improving mulching quality. The mulching clamping mechanism is located on the outside of the mulching system, clamping the mulch film at the end of each row to prevent it from shrinking back and detaching from the tray, ensuring that the mulch film can be smoothly unfolded for the next row. The mulch film cutting mechanism cuts the mulch film at the end of the row. The coordinated operation of these mechanisms enables the machine to adapt to the operational requirements of wetland conditions, solving problems such as soil adhesion, soil mounding, uneven mulching, and insecure mulch film pressing.

[0006] Furthermore, the leveling mechanism includes a leveling bend plate and end plates. The bottom edge of the leveling bend plate has a serrated structure, and the outer edge of the end plates is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the leveling bend plate. The leveling bend plate includes a first plate, a second plate, a third plate, and a fourth plate formed by bending them sequentially. The bottom of the first plate is connected to the fourth plate through the second plate and the third plate. The first plate and the fourth plate are perpendicular to each other. The first plate is connected to the second plate through a first transition arc surface, the second plate is connected to the third plate through a second transition arc surface, and the third plate is connected to the fourth plate through a third transition arc surface. This leveling mechanism, through the combination structure of the leveling bend plate and the end plates, has high overall strength and good stability. The serrated structure at the bottom edge of the leveling bend plate can effectively cut and break up soil clods, straw, and other debris in the wetland field, making the field surface smoother and finer after leveling, which is conducive to the smooth progress of subsequent mulching and sowing operations. The front section forms an arc-shaped bulldozing section, while the bottom section forms a flat leveling section. This design ensures both low bulldozing resistance and good maneuverability, while also guaranteeing effective leveling. It is particularly suitable for operations in wetland conditions with high water content. The smooth transition between the slabs avoids stress concentration, improves the structural strength and fatigue life of the leveling slab, and reduces soil adhesion and accumulation at the corners of the slabs.

[0007] Furthermore, the top surface of the first plate is bent inward through the fourth transition arc to form a folded edge strip. This folded edge strip is perpendicular to the first plate, effectively enhancing the rigidity of the upper edge of the leveling plate, preventing deformation due to excessive force during operation, and extending its service life. Notches are provided on both sides of the third plate to facilitate the drainage of excess soil and water during operation, reducing operational resistance. This also facilitates observation and cleaning of blockages inside the leveling plate. The end plate is equipped with an end plate seat connection and a trenching disc hole seat connection. The seat connection part is provided with a first mounting hole and a second mounting hole, which can realize quick and reliable connection with the main frame and trenching plate. The structure is compact and easy to install. The end plate is also provided with at least one through groove, which is located between the end plate seat connection part and the trenching plate hole seat connection part. This through groove plays a role in weight reduction and facilitates the avoidance and cooperation between the leveling mechanism and other parts of the main frame, thereby improving the assembly flexibility of the mechanism. The top of the end plate near the leveling bend plate is provided with an arc-shaped groove, which not only plays a role in weight reduction but also serves as a limiting or guiding structure, thereby improving the assembly flexibility and adaptability of the mechanism.

[0008] Furthermore, the mulching system includes a trenching disc, a pressing disc, side pressing rollers, a guide plate, a guide roller, and a pressing roller. The trenching disc is connected to the end plate of the leveling mechanism via a fixed shaft. The pressing disc is connected to the second support plate via a fixed shaft and is located behind the trenching disc in the forward direction. The second support plate is connected to the main frame via a fixed seat. The side pressing roller is connected to the second support plate via a fixed shaft and is located behind the pressing disc in the forward direction. The main frame is equipped with a scraper blade for the side pressing roller, which is located above the side pressing roller. The guide plate is connected to the main frame via a first support plate and a fixed seat. The guide roller is connected to the first support plate and is located inside the two pressing discs. The pressing roller is connected to the first support plate via a pressing roller bracket and is located behind the guide roller in the forward direction. Through the coordinated operation of the trenching disc, pressing disc, side pressing roller, guide plate, guide roller, and pressing roller, a complete wetland mulching operation chain is formed. The trenching plate first creates the pressing grooves, the guide plate smoothly guides the mulch film to the guide roller, the pressing plate presses the edges of the mulch film into the groove, the side rollers further compact the soil around the film, and the pressing rollers apply pressure to the center of the mulch film to ensure adhesion to the wetland. The rational layout and complementary functions of each component effectively solve the problems of uneven mulch film laying and insecure pressing under wetland conditions.

[0009] Furthermore, the first support plate includes an integrally formed first cantilever, an arc-shaped arm, and a mounting part. The first cantilever is connected to the mounting part via the arc-shaped arm. The mounting part is provided with a third mounting hole, through which fasteners pass to connect to a fixed seat, thus achieving a fixed connection between the first support plate and the main frame. The arc-shaped arm provides a mounting support point for the guide film plate, allowing the guide film plate to guide the mulch film with a smooth arc surface, preventing wrinkles or tears during transport. The connection between the mounting part and the fixed seat via the third mounting hole and fasteners facilitates easy assembly and disassembly, maintenance, and adjustment. A fixing strip is provided on the side of the guide film plate near the guide roller. The fixing strip is connected to the arc-shaped arm via fasteners. The smooth and wear-resistant surface of the guide film plate allows the mulch film to glide smoothly, reducing frictional resistance and preventing the mulch film from sticking together in the high humidity environment of wetlands. The fixing strip makes the connection between the guide film plate and the arc-shaped arm more secure and reliable, and facilitates assembly and disassembly. The pressure roller support has an L-shaped structure and is connected to the first cantilever via a pin. A tension spring is installed between the pressure roller support and the first cantilever, allowing the pressure roller to float freely up and down according to ground undulations and adaptively adjust the pressure on the ground. The tension spring applies elastic pressure to the pressure roller, ensuring sufficient clamping force on the mulch film and making it tightly adhere to the wet ground surface; it also prevents damage caused by rigid connections when encountering hard objects. The guide roller includes a roller shaft and several rollers connected in series on the roller shaft, which is connected to the first cantilever. The guide roller uses a roller shaft with multiple independently rotating rollers, resulting in rolling friction between the mulch film and the rollers during transmission. This low friction ensures smooth mulch film transmission and prevents stretching and deformation. The multiple rollers provide uniform support for the mulch film, ensuring it is laid out flat.

[0010] Furthermore, the second support plate is provided with a fourth mounting hole and a fifth mounting hole. The fourth mounting hole is connected to the fixing seat by fasteners, and the fifth mounting hole is used to connect the side pressure roller. A baffle is also provided at the bottom of the second support plate. The fourth mounting hole is used to securely connect the support plate to the main frame, and the fifth mounting hole provides a mounting position for the side pressure roller, so that the pressing plate and the side pressure roller are integrated on the same support plate, resulting in a compact structure. This ensures the relative positional accuracy between the pressing plate and the side pressure roller, ensuring that the side pressure roller can accurately press the soil on the edge of the film pressed by the pressing plate. The baffle can prevent soil from splashing during wetland operations, preventing soil from adhering to the pressing plate or the side pressure roller, ensuring the normal operation of the components and reducing the frequency of cleaning and maintenance.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes scraper blades distributed on both the inner and outer sides of the trenching pan, an auxiliary trenching plate located on the inner side of the trenching pan, and a film roller. Both scraper blades are connected to the second cantilever via mounting rods. The second cantilever is connected to the main frame via a fixing seat. The auxiliary trenching plate is connected to the end plate of the leveling mechanism via fasteners. A shim or washer is placed between the auxiliary trenching plate and the end plate, and the shim or washer is connected to the end plate via a fixing screw. The film roller is connected to the main frame via a fixing shaft and is used to store the mulch film. The scraper blades can promptly remove the wet soil adhering to the trenching pan during the wetland trenching process, preventing the wet soil from accumulating on the trenching pan, ensuring the sharpness of the trenching pan and the consistency of the trenching depth, and ensuring that the subsequent film pressing pan can reliably press the edge of the mulch film into the trench. The auxiliary trenching plate can further refine and deepen the trench based on the trenching pan, ensuring that the trench shape is regular and the depth is sufficient. The installation position and angle of the auxiliary trenching plate can be flexibly adjusted using shims or washers to adapt to different wetland soil conditions and operational requirements.

[0012] Furthermore, the film clamping mechanism includes a side-clamping electric cylinder, a side-clamping electric rod, and a side-rubber clamping contact. The side-rubber clamping contact is connected to the side-clamping electric cylinder via the side-clamping electric rod. The top of the side-clamping electric cylinder is connected to the main frame via a second hinge seat, and the side of the side-clamping electric cylinder is connected to the main frame via a side-clamping bracket. At the end of each strip's operation, the side-clamping electric cylinder drives the side-clamping electric rod to extend, pressing the side-rubber clamping contact against the edge of the mulch film, clamping the mulch film on the outside of the pressing disc. When the machine rises to operate on the next strip, the mulch film does not detach from the disc, ensuring the reliability of continuous operation. The dual connection method of the top and side of the side-clamping electric cylinder makes the film clamping mechanism securely installed, with minimal vibration during operation and stable and reliable clamping force.

[0013] Furthermore, the film-cutting mechanism includes a film-cutting blade, a film-cutting blade electric cylinder, a film-cutting blade electric rod, and a film-cutting blade bracket. The film-cutting blade is fixedly connected to a crossbeam, which is connected to the end of the film-cutting blade bracket. The film-cutting blade bracket is rotatably connected to a first support plate. The film-cutting blade bracket is connected to the film-cutting blade electric cylinder via the film-cutting blade electric rod, and the film-cutting blade electric cylinder is connected to the main frame via a first hinge seat. At the end of each strip's operation, the film-cutting blade electric cylinder drives the film-cutting blade electric rod to extend, and the film-cutting blade bracket rotates around the first support plate, driving the film-cutting blade to move downwards to cut the mulch film, thus realizing the automatic film-cutting function. The rotatable connection structure between the film-cutting blade bracket and the first support plate is simple and reliable, the film-cutting action responds quickly, and the cut is neat, facilitating the initial mulching of the next strip's operation.

[0014] Furthermore, the main frame includes a front crossbeam, a middle crossbeam, and a rear crossbeam arranged in parallel. These three crossbeams are connected and fixed by parallel longitudinal beams. A U-shaped frame is installed at the top of the front crossbeam, and this U-shaped frame is connected to the middle and rear crossbeams by parallel reinforcing beams. Traction seats are installed on both the U-shaped frame and the front crossbeam, and a lifting block is installed at the bottom of the rear crossbeam. The front, middle, and rear crossbeams, connected by longitudinal beams, form a stable frame structure. The U-shaped frame and reinforcing beams further enhance the overall rigidity and strength of the main frame, enabling it to withstand the complex loads transmitted by various mechanisms during wetland operations. The traction seats facilitate connection to traction power equipment, and the lifting blocks facilitate the lifting and transportation of the entire machine.

[0015] Furthermore, the sowing mechanism includes a seed box, a secondary seed box, a sowing wheel, and a sowing wheel support. The seed box is located on the side of the sowing wheel. The sowing wheel is connected to the sowing wheel support via a duckbill lever arm. The sowing wheel support is connected to the main frame via a lifting lug. The secondary seed box is located on the sowing wheel support and above the seed box. A pressure spring is installed on the sowing wheel support to ensure the continuity and stability of seed supply during wetland sowing operations. The sowing wheel support is connected to the main frame via the lifting lug and can rotate freely up and down around the pivot. Combined with the pressure spring, it creates elastic pressure on the sowing wheel, allowing the sowing wheel to adaptively float according to the undulations of the wetland surface, ensuring consistent sowing depth and precise hill-sowing. The duckbill lever arm adjusts its pitch angle via a groove on the support arm, thereby adjusting the opening of the duckbill and achieving precise hill-sowing.

[0016] Furthermore, the compaction mechanism includes a compaction wheel and a compaction wheel support. The compaction wheel is connected to the sowing wheel support via the compaction wheel support. The compaction wheel is located behind the sowing wheel in the forward direction. After the sowing wheel completes sowing, the compaction wheel compacts the sowing hole, ensuring close contact between the seed and the wetland soil, which is beneficial for seed water absorption and germination. The compaction wheel, connected to the sowing wheel support via the compaction wheel support, can float up and down, and the pressure of the compaction wheel on the ground can be adjusted by a tension spring to adapt to different compaction requirements of the wetland soil.

[0017] The present invention, by adopting the above-described technical solution, has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention provides a wetland rice mulching planter that, through the coordinated operation of a soil leveling mechanism, a mulching system, a film clamping mechanism, and a film cutting mechanism, enables rice mulching and sowing operations under wetland conditions, filling a gap in wetland rice mulching planters. The soil leveling mechanism effectively breaks up and pushes away soil clods and debris on the wetland surface, providing a flat working surface for mulching; the furrowing disc, film pressing disc, side pressing roller, and film pressing roller in the mulching system work together to ensure that the mulch film is laid smoothly and firmly on the wetland surface; the film clamping mechanism and the film cutting mechanism ensure the continuity and neat cutting of the mulch film between rows. The whole machine has the characteristics of being suitable for wetland operations, providing smooth and firm mulching, and precise hill sowing.

[0018] 2. The leveling mechanism in this invention employs a multi-segment bent-plate structure, with a circular arc-shaped bulldozing section at the front and a flat leveling plate at the bottom. Combined with the serrated structure at the bottom edge, it effectively cuts and breaks up clods of soil, straw, and other debris in wetland fields, resulting in a smoother and finer surface after leveling. Simultaneously, it exhibits low bulldozing resistance and good maneuverability, making it particularly suitable for operations in wetland conditions with high water content. The transitional arc surfaces between the plates reduce soil adhesion and accumulation, decreasing the frequency of cleaning and improving operational efficiency.

[0019] 3. In this invention, the film-pressing roller of the mulching system is connected to the first support plate via an L-shaped film-pressing roller bracket and a tension spring. It can freely float up and down according to the undulations of the wetland surface, adaptively adjusting the pressure on the ground to ensure a tight fit between the mulch film and the wetland surface. The guide roller adopts a structure of multiple independently rotating rollers, ensuring smooth mulch film conveying and preventing stretching and deformation. The high integration and reasonable layout of each component effectively solves the problems of uneven mulch film laying and insecure pressing under wetland conditions. 4. In this invention, scraper blades are provided on both the inner and outer sides of the trenching tray to promptly remove wet soil adhering to the trenching tray during the trenching process in the wetland, ensuring the sharpness of the trenching tray and the consistency of trenching depth. The auxiliary trenching plate can be flexibly adjusted in installation position and angle to adapt to different wetland soil conditions, ensuring a regular trench shape and sufficient depth, providing a guarantee for the film-pressing tray to reliably press the edge of the mulch film into the trench. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the operation of a wetland rice mulching and sowing machine according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the seeder in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention after the sowing mechanism and the pressing mechanism have been removed; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the main frame structure in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the earth leveling mechanism in this invention; Figure 6 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure in the B direction; Figure 7 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure in direction A; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention after the film-cutting mechanism has been removed; Figure 9 for Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure in the C-direction; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the guide roller and the pressing roller in this invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the guide plate in this invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second support plate in this invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the film-cutting mechanism in this invention; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the membrane clamping mechanism in this invention; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the seeding mechanism and the pressing mechanism in this invention.

[0021] In the diagram: 1-Main frame; 101-Front crossbeam; 102-Middle crossbeam; 103-Rear crossbeam; 104-Longitudinal beam; 105-U-shaped frame; 106-Reinforcing beam; 107-Traction seat; 108-Lifting block; 2- Leveling mechanism; 21- Leveling curved plate; 2101- First plate; 2102- Second plate; 2103- Third plate; 2104- Fourth plate; 2105- Edge strip; 2106- Sawtooth structure; 2107- First transition arc surface; 2108- Second transition arc surface; 2109- Third transition arc surface; 2110- Fourth transition arc surface; 2111- Notch; 22- End plate; 2201- End plate seat connection; 2202- Grooving disc hole seat connection; 2203- Through groove; 2204- First mounting hole; 2205- Arc groove; 2206- Second mounting hole; 3-Film covering system; 31-Trenching disc; 32-Scraper blade; 33-Film guide plate; 3301-Fixing strip; 34-Film pressing disc; 35-Film roller; 36-Film guide roller; 37-Film pressing roller; 38-Film pressing roller bracket; 39-Side pressure roller; 310-Fixing seat; 311-First support plate; 311a-First cantilever; 311b-Third mounting hole; 311c-Arc arm; 312-Side pressure roller scraper blade; 314-Second support plate; 314a-Fourth mounting hole; 314b-Fifth mounting hole; 314c-Baffle; 315-Auxiliary trenching plate; 316-Second cantilever; 317-Mounting rod; 4-Film cutting mechanism; 41-Film cutting knife; 42-Film cutting knife electric cylinder; 43-Film cutting knife support; 44-First hinge seat; 45-Film cutting knife electric rod; 5-Sowing mechanism; 51-Lifting lug; 52-Seed box; 53-Secondary seed box; 54-Sowing wheel; 55-Duckbill lever arm; 56-Sowing wheel bracket; 57-Compression spring; 6-Pressure pressing mechanism; 61-Pressure pressing wheel bracket; 62-Pressure pressing wheel; 7-Membrane clamping mechanism; 71-Side membrane clamping bracket; 72-Side membrane clamping electric cylinder; 73-Side membrane clamping electric rod; 74-Second hinge seat; 75-Side rubber membrane clamping contact. Detailed Implementation

[0022] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0023] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0025] like Figures 1 to 15 The image shows a specific embodiment of a wetland rice mulching planter according to the present invention. The wetland rice mulching planter includes a main frame 1, a leveling mechanism 2, a mulching system 3, a film cutting mechanism 4, a sowing mechanism 5, a pressing mechanism 6, and a film clamping mechanism 7. The leveling mechanism 2 is connected to the lower front of the main frame 1 and is used to level the wetland field before mulching. The mulching system 3 is connected to the main frame 1 and located behind the leveling mechanism 2 in the forward direction, used to lay the mulch film smoothly on the leveled wetland soil surface and press the mulch film firmly. The sowing mechanism 5 is connected to the main frame 1 and is used for precise hole sowing on the mulched field surface. The pressing mechanism 6 is connected to the sowing mechanism 5 and is used to press the sown holes. The film clamping mechanism 7 is located on the main frame 1 and outside the mulching system 3, used to clamp the mulch film at the end of each row of work. The film cutting mechanism 4 is connected to the main frame 1 and the mulching system 3, used to cut the mulch film at the end of each row.

[0026] like Figure 1 and Figure 4As shown, the main frame 1 includes a front crossbeam 101, a middle crossbeam 102, and a rear crossbeam 103 arranged in parallel sequence. These three crossbeams are connected and fixed by parallel longitudinal beams 104. A U-shaped frame 105 is provided at the top of the front crossbeam 101, and the U-shaped frame 105 is connected to the middle crossbeam 102 and the rear crossbeam 103 by parallel reinforcing beams 106. Both the U-shaped frame 105 and the front crossbeam 101 are equipped with traction seats 107 for connecting to traction power equipment (such as a tractor). A lifting block 108 is provided at the bottom of the rear crossbeam 103 to facilitate the lifting and transportation of the entire machine. In this embodiment, the main frame 1 is welded from 4mm thick, 6cm×6cm square steel pipes, with a longitudinal length of 91cm, a transverse width of 147cm, a front upper crossbeam height of 29cm, and a middle crossbeam distance of 20cm from the rear end. The reinforcing beam 106 is made of 4mm thick metal strips. The overall structure is rigid and lightweight, and can withstand the complex loads transmitted by various mechanisms during wetland operations.

[0027] like Figure 1 and Figure 15 As shown, the sowing mechanism 5 includes a lifting lug 51, a seed box 52, a secondary seed box 53, a sowing wheel 54, a duckbill lever arm 55, a sowing wheel bracket 56, and a pressure spring 57. The seed box 52 is located on the side of the sowing wheel 54 and is an accessory to the complete set of commercial sowing wheels. The sowing wheel 54 is connected to the sowing wheel bracket 56 via the duckbill lever arm 55, and the sowing wheel bracket 56 is connected to the central crossbeam 102 of the main frame 1 via the lifting lug 51. The secondary seed box 53 is located on the sowing wheel bracket 56 and above the seed box 52. It is connected to the seed box 52 via a seed lowering pipe, forming a two-stage seed supply system, ensuring the continuity and stability of seed supply during wetland sowing operations. The seeding wheel support 56 is made of 4cm×2cm aluminum alloy profile and consists of two "L"-shaped arms connected by a crossbeam. The longer arm is connected to the support seat of the crossbeam 102 in the main frame by a pin and can rotate freely up and down around the pin. The shorter arm is connected to the duckbill lever arm 55. A pressure spring 57 is located on the seeding wheel support 56, and the spring rod is fixed above the rear crossbeam 103. The pressure plate is pulled upward along the spring rod onto the seeding wheel support 56, creating elastic pressure on the seeding wheel 54. This allows the seeding wheel 54 to adaptively float according to the undulations of the wetland ground, ensuring consistent sowing depth. The duckbill lever arm 55 is fixed to the shorter arm of the seeding wheel support 56, and the pitch angle of the lever arm is adjusted by a groove on the support arm. The horizontal tilt angle of the lever arm relative to the forward direction is set to maximize the duckbill opening to 1.5cm for precise hill sowing. The seeding wheel 54 is a modified 12-nozzle seeder, with a sowing depth set to 2-3cm.

[0028] like Figure 1 and Figure 15As shown, the compaction mechanism 6 includes a compaction wheel bracket 61 and a compaction wheel 62. The compaction wheel 62 is connected to the sowing wheel bracket 56 via the compaction wheel bracket 61, and is located behind the sowing wheel 54 in the forward direction. The compaction wheel 62 is a foamed rubber wheel with a diameter of 28cm and a width of 5cm. One end of the compaction wheel bracket 61 is connected to a pin at the short arm end of the sowing wheel bracket 56. The compaction wheel 62 can float up and down, and the pressure on the ground of the compaction wheel 62 can be adjusted to about 2kg by changing the tension spring and the tension spring hole. After the sowing wheel 54 has finished sowing, the compaction wheel 62 compacts the sowing hole, ensuring close contact between the seed and the moist soil, which is beneficial for seed water absorption and germination.

[0029] like Figures 3 to 6As shown, the leveling mechanism 2 includes a leveling bend plate 21 and an end plate 22. The bottom edge of the leveling bend plate 21 is provided with a serrated structure 2106 for effectively cutting and breaking up clods of soil, straw, and other debris in wetland fields. The outer edge of the end plate 22 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the leveling bend plate 21. The leveling bend plate 21 includes a first plate 2101, a second plate 2102, a third plate 2103, and a fourth plate 2104, which are sequentially bent into shape. The bottom of the first plate 2101 is connected to the fourth plate 2104 via the second plate 2102 and the third plate 2103. The first plate 2101 and the fourth plate 2104 are perpendicular to each other. The first plate 2101 is connected to the second plate 2102 via the first transition arc surface 2107. The second plate 2102 is connected to the third plate 2103 via the second transition arc surface 2108. The third plate 2103 is connected to the fourth plate 2104 via the third transition arc surface 2109. The leveling plate 21 is made of a 3mm thick arc-shaped metal plate by stamping. The front bulldozing part is arc-shaped (formed by the first plate 2101, the second plate 2102, and the third plate 2103), and the bottom leveling part is a flat plate (formed by the fourth plate 2104). The radius of curvature of the arc part is 45cm, the chord length of the arc is 45cm, and the width of the bottom flat plate is 15cm. The front length of the leveling plate is 116cm and the rear length is 100cm. The top surface of the first plate 2101 is bent inward through the fourth transition arc surface 2110 to form a folded edge strip 2105. The folded edge strip 2105 is perpendicular to the first plate 2101, enhancing the rigidity of the upper edge of the leveling and bending plate 21. Notches 2111 are provided on both sides of the third plate 2103 to facilitate the drainage of excess soil and accumulated water. The end plates 22 are made of 5mm thick steel plates, with a distance of 98cm between the two end plates 22. During welding, the outer wall of the end plates 22 is 1cm inward from the rear edge of the leveling and bending plate 21. The end plates 22 are provided with an end plate seat connecting part 2201 and a trenching disc hole seat connecting part 2202. The end plate seat connecting part 2201 and the trenching disc hole seat connecting part 2202 are respectively provided with a first mounting hole 2204 and a second mounting hole 2206. The end plate 22 is also provided with a through groove 2203, which is located between the end plate seat connection part 2201 and the trenching disc hole seat connection part 2202. An arc-shaped groove 2205 is provided on the top of the end plate 22 near the flat soil bending plate 21. The upper part of the end plate 22 is connected to the front lower crossbeam of the main frame through the end plate seat connection part 2201, and the trenching disc hole seat connection part 2202 at the rear of the end plate 22 is used to install the trenching disc 31.

[0030] like Figure 3 , Figures 7 to 12As shown, the mulching system 3 includes a trenching disc 31, a scraper blade 32, a guide plate 33, a pressing disc 34, a film roller 35, a guide roller 36, a pressing roller 37, a pressing roller bracket 38, a side pressure roller 39, a fixed base 310, a first support plate 311, a side pressure roller scraper blade 312, a second support plate 314, an auxiliary trenching plate 315, a second cantilever 316, and an installation rod 317. The trenching disc 31 is a manganese steel disc with a diameter of 40cm. The trenching disc 31 is connected to the trenching disc hole seat connection part 2202 at the rear of the end plate 22 via a fixed shaft. The trenching disc 31 is connected to the fixed shaft via a bearing and can rotate freely. The fixed shaft is fixedly connected to the end plate 22. The angle between the disc and the direction of travel is adjusted to about 1.4° by a wedge washer. When traveling, it creates a gap about 1cm wide in the soil. The gap depth is set to 7cm by adjusting the trenching disc shaft on the end plate hole. Two scraper blades 32 are distributed on the inner and outer sides of the trenching disc 31, both connected to the second cantilever 316 via mounting rods 317. The second cantilever 316 is connected to the main frame 1 via a fixing seat 310. The scraper blades 32 can promptly remove the wet soil adhering to the trenching disc 31 during the wetland trenching process. An auxiliary trenching plate 315 is located on the inner side of the trenching disc 31 and is connected to the end plate 22 via fasteners. A gasket or washer is provided between the auxiliary trenching plate 315 and the end plate 22. The gasket or washer is connected to the end plate 22 via a fixing screw. The installation position and angle of the auxiliary trenching plate 315 can be flexibly adjusted as needed to adapt to different wetland soil conditions. A film roller 35 is connected to the longitudinal beam 104 of the main frame 1 via a fixed shaft. A roller is rotatably connected to the fixed shaft for storing the mulch film. The fixed shaft is placed on the bearing seat of the longitudinal beam 104 of the main frame.

[0031] The pressing disc 34 is a 40cm diameter manganese steel disc, the same size as the trenching disc 31. The pressing disc 34 is connected to the second support plate 314 via a fixed shaft. The pressing disc 34 is connected to the fixed shaft via bearings, allowing it to rotate freely. The fixed shaft is fixedly connected to the second support plate 314 and is located behind the trenching disc 31 along the forward direction. By adjusting the support plate seat and the holes in the support plate, the pressing disc 34 is made parallel to the walking direction and coincides perfectly with the trenching gap. The pressing depth is set to 6cm, pressing the edge of the mulch film into the soil gaps during operation. The second support plate 314 is connected to the middle crossbeam 102 of the main frame 1 via a fixed seat 310. The second support plate 314 is provided with a fourth mounting hole 314a and a fifth mounting hole 314b. The fourth mounting hole 314a is connected to the fixed seat 310 via fasteners, and the fifth mounting hole 314b is used to connect the side pressing roller 39. The bottom of the second support plate 314 is also equipped with a baffle 314c, which is used to prevent mud from splashing during wetland operations.

[0032] The edge pressure roller 39 is connected to the second support plate 314 via a fixed shaft and is located behind the film pressing disc 34 in the forward direction. The edge pressure roller 39, mounted at the rear of the film pressing disc 34, compacts the soil at the edge of the film after covering, preventing the film from being blown away by the wind. The edge pressure roller shaft is fixed to the rear end of the second support plate 314, and a wedge-shaped washer ensures that the edge pressure roller 39 has a certain outward tilt in the vertical direction. The outward tilt angle (the angle between the outer side and the ground) is adjusted to 87°, and the inner side of the edge pressure roller 39 is aligned with the outer side of the film pressing disc 34 in the direction of travel. A side pressure roller scraper 312 is installed on the main frame 1, located above the edge pressure roller 39, and is used to scrape away the soil adhering to the edge pressure roller 39.

[0033] The guide plate 33 is connected to the main frame 1 via the first support plate 311 and the fixing seat 310. The guide plate 33 is a smooth arc-shaped plate bent from a 1.5mm stainless steel sheet. The guide plate 33 is fixed to the "elephant trunk" frame at the front of the support plate, so that the mulch film is smoothly conveyed from the film roller 35 to the guide roller 36 via the guide plate 33. The first support plate 311 includes an integrally formed first cantilever 311a, an arc-shaped arm 311c, and a mounting part. The first cantilever 311a is connected to the mounting part via the arc-shaped arm 311c. The mounting part is provided with a third mounting hole 311b, and is connected to the fixing seat 310 by fasteners passing through the third mounting hole 311b. A fixing strip 3301 is provided on the side of the guide plate 33 near the guide roller 36. The fixing strip 3301 is connected to the arc-shaped arm 311c by fasteners.

[0034] The guide roller 36 is connected to the first cantilever 311a of the first support plate 311 and is located inside the two pressing discs 34. The guide roller 36 includes a roller shaft and several rollers connected in series on the roller shaft. The rollers have a diameter of 10cm and can rotate freely. The two positions of the roller shaft are fixed to the lower front part of the two first support plates 311 and placed in the middle of the two pressing discs 34. The pressing roller 37 is connected to the first support plate 311 through the pressing roller bracket 38 and is located behind the guide roller 36 in the forward direction. The pressing roller 37 has the same structure as the guide roller 36, but the two positions of the pressing roller shaft are fixed to two "L"-shaped pressing roller brackets 38. The pressing roller bracket 38 has an L-shaped structure and is connected to the first cantilever 311a through a pin. A tension spring is provided between the pressing roller bracket 38 and the first cantilever 311a. The pressure of the pressing roller 37 on the ground is adjusted to about 6kg by the limiting point and the tension spring. A small gap is maintained between the two ends of the pressure roller 37 and the pressure plate 34, so that the vertical tangent at the front of the end circle of the pressure roller 37 and the vertical tangent at the front of the pressure plate 34 are on the same plane.

[0035] like Figure 13As shown, the film cutting mechanism 4 includes a film cutting blade 41, a film cutting blade electric cylinder 42, a film cutting blade support 43, a first hinge seat 44, and a film cutting blade electric rod 45. The film cutting blade 41 is a serrated blade made of 2mm thick stainless steel sheet, with a blade length of 100cm, and is fixedly connected to the end crossbeam of the film cutting blade support 43. The film cutting blade support 43 is rotatably connected to the rear of the first support plate 311 via a pin, and can rotate around the pin. The film cutting blade support 43 is connected to the film cutting blade electric cylinder 42 via the film cutting blade electric rod 45, and the film cutting blade electric cylinder 42 is connected to the rear crossbeam 103 of the main frame 1 via the first hinge seat 44. There are two film cutting blade electric cylinders 42, respectively located on both sides, to realize the film cutting function.

[0036] like Figure 14 As shown, the film clamping mechanism 7 includes a side film clamping bracket 71, a side film clamping electric cylinder 72, a side film clamping electric rod 73, a second hinge seat 74, and a side rubber film clamping contact 75. The side rubber film clamping contact 75 is connected to the side film clamping electric cylinder 72 via the side film clamping electric rod 73. The top of the side film clamping electric cylinder 72 is connected to the rear crossbeam 103 of the main frame 1 via the second hinge seat 74, and the side of the side film clamping electric cylinder 72 is connected to the longitudinal beam 104 of the main frame 1 via the side film clamping bracket 71. There are two film clamping mechanisms 7, located on the outside of the pressing plate 34. At the end of each strip operation, the side film clamping electric cylinder 72 electrically extends the side film clamping electric rod 73, pressing the side rubber film clamping contact 75 against the edge of the film, clamping the film on the outside of the pressing plate 34, so that the film does not detach from the plate when the machine is raised to the next strip operation.

[0037] This invention provides a wetland rice mulching planter, which was used in a large-scale wetland mulching demonstration in a certain area, achieving good results. The sowing width was 104cm (4 rows), the row spacing was 26cm, the plant spacing was 13cm, and the sowing depth was 2.5cm. The mulch film used was a 130cm wide, 0.01mm thick black fully biodegradable mulch film, and the traction power was a 35-horsepower four-wheel tractor. During operation, the tractor pulled the planter forward. The leveling mechanism 2 first leveled the wetland field. The serrated structure 2106 of the leveling plate 21 broke up soil clods and debris, making the field surface smooth and fine. Then, the furrowing plate 31 opened the film pressing furrows on the leveled soil, and the scraper blade 32 promptly scraped off the wet soil adhering to the furrowing plate 31. The plastic film on the film roller 35 is smoothly conveyed to the film guide roller 36 via the film guide plate 33. The film pressing plate 34 presses the edge of the plastic film into the groove opened by the furrowing plate 31. The film pressing roller 37 applies pressure to the middle of the plastic film to make the plastic film adhere tightly to the wet surface. The edge pressing roller 39 further compacts the soil at the edge of the film. The sowing mechanism 5 performs precise hole sowing on the field surface after mulching, and the pressing roller 62 presses down the sowing holes. At the end of each strip operation, the film cutting mechanism 4 cuts the plastic film, and the film clamping mechanism 7 clamps the plastic film to prevent it from shrinking back and falling off the plate, preparing for the operation of the next strip. The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the technical features of the present invention are not limited thereto. Any simple changes, equivalent substitutions, or modifications made based on the present invention to achieve essentially the same technical effect are all covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wetland rice mulching seeder, comprising: Main framework; The seeding mechanism is connected to the main frame; And a pressing mechanism, connected to the seeding mechanism; Its features are: It also includes a leveling mechanism, which is connected to the main frame; The mulching system is connected to the main frame and is located behind the leveling mechanism in the forward direction; A film clamping mechanism is disposed on the main frame and located on the outside of the film coating system; And a film cutting mechanism, connected to the main frame and the film coating system.

2. The wetland rice mulching planter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The leveling mechanism includes a leveling bend plate and an end plate. The bottom edge of the leveling bend plate is provided with a serrated structure. The outer edge of the end plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the leveling bend plate. The leveling bend plate includes a first plate, a second plate, a third plate, and a fourth plate formed by bending in sequence. The bottom of the first plate is connected to the fourth plate through the second plate and the third plate. The first plate and the fourth plate are perpendicular to each other. The first plate is connected to the second plate through a first transition arc surface. The second plate is connected to the third plate through a second transition arc surface. The third plate is connected to the fourth plate through a third transition arc surface.

3. The wetland rice mulching planter according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top surface of the first plate is bent inward through a fourth transition arc to form a folded edge strip, which is perpendicular to the first plate. Both sides of the third plate are provided with notches. The end plate is provided with an end plate seat connecting part and a trenching disc hole seat connecting part. The end plate seat connecting part and the trenching disc hole seat connecting part are respectively provided with a first mounting hole and a second mounting hole. The end plate is also provided with at least one through groove, which is located between the end plate seat connecting part and the trenching disc hole seat connecting part. An arc-shaped groove is provided on the top of the end plate near the flat soil bending plate.

4. A wetland rice mulching planter according to claim 2, characterized in that: The film covering system includes a trenching disc, a film pressing disc, a side pressure roller, a guide plate, a guide roller, and a film pressing roller. The trenching disc is connected to the end plate of the leveling mechanism via a fixed shaft. The film pressing disc is connected to a second support plate via a fixed shaft and is located behind the trenching disc in the forward direction. The second support plate is connected to the main frame via a fixed seat. The side pressure roller is connected to the second support plate via a fixed shaft and is located behind the film pressing disc in the forward direction. A side pressure roller scraper is provided on the main frame, and the side pressure roller scraper is located above the side pressure roller. The guide plate is connected to the main frame via a first support plate and a fixed seat. The guide roller is connected to the first support plate and is located inside the two film pressing discs. The film pressing roller is connected to the first support plate via a film pressing roller bracket and is located behind the guide roller in the forward direction.

5. A wetland rice mulching planter according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first support plate includes an integrally formed first cantilever, an arc-shaped arm, and a mounting part. The first cantilever is connected to the mounting part through the arc-shaped arm. The mounting part is provided with a third mounting hole, and fasteners pass through the third mounting hole to connect to the fixed seat, thereby achieving a fixed connection between the first support plate and the main frame. A fixing strip is provided on the side of the guide plate near the guide roller. The fixing strip is connected to the arc-shaped arm by fasteners. The pressure roller bracket has an L-shaped structure and is connected to the first cantilever through a pin. A tension spring is provided between the pressure roller bracket and the first cantilever. The guide roller includes a roller shaft and several rollers. The rollers are connected in series on the roller shaft, and the roller shaft is connected to the first cantilever.

6. A wetland rice mulching planter according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second bracket plate is provided with a fourth mounting hole and a fifth mounting hole. The fourth mounting hole is connected to the fixed base by a fastener, and the fifth mounting hole is used to connect the side pressure roller. A baffle is also provided at the bottom of the second bracket plate.

7. A wetland rice mulching planter according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes scraper blades distributed on the inner and outer sides of the trenching plate, an auxiliary trenching plate located on the inner side of the trenching plate, and a film roller. Both scraper blades are connected to the second cantilever via mounting rods. The second cantilever is connected to the main frame via the fixing seat. The auxiliary trenching plate is connected to the end plate of the leveling mechanism via fasteners. A gasket or washer is provided between the auxiliary trenching plate and the end plate. The gasket or washer is connected to the end plate via a fixing screw. The film roller is connected to the main frame via a fixing shaft and is used to store the mulch film.

8. A wetland rice mulching planter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The film clamping mechanism includes a side film clamping electric cylinder, a side film clamping electric rod, and a side rubber film clamping contact. The side rubber film clamping contact is connected to the side film clamping electric cylinder through the side film clamping electric rod. The top of the side film clamping electric cylinder is connected to the main frame through a second hinge seat, and the side of the side film clamping electric cylinder is connected to the main frame through a side film clamping bracket.

9. A wetland rice mulching planter according to claim 4, characterized in that: The film cutting mechanism includes a film cutting knife, a film cutting knife electric cylinder, a film cutting knife electric rod, and a film cutting knife bracket. The film cutting knife is fixedly connected to a crossbeam, the crossbeam is connected to the end of the film cutting knife bracket, the film cutting knife bracket is rotatably connected to the first bracket plate, the film cutting knife bracket is connected to the film cutting knife electric cylinder through the film cutting knife electric rod, and the film cutting knife electric cylinder is connected to the main frame through a first hinge seat.

10. A wetland rice mulching planter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main frame includes a front crossbeam, a middle crossbeam, and a rear crossbeam arranged in parallel. The front crossbeam, the middle crossbeam, and the rear crossbeam are connected and fixed by parallel longitudinal beams. A U-shaped frame is provided on the top of the front crossbeam. The U-shaped frame is connected to the middle crossbeam and the rear crossbeam by parallel reinforcing beams. A traction seat is provided on both the U-shaped frame and the front crossbeam. A lifting block is provided at the bottom of the rear crossbeam.

11. A wetland rice mulching planter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sowing mechanism includes a seed box, a secondary seed box, a sowing wheel, and a sowing wheel bracket. The seed box is located on the side of the sowing wheel. The sowing wheel is connected to the sowing wheel bracket via a duckbill lever arm. The sowing wheel bracket is connected to the main frame via a lifting lug. The secondary seed box is located on the sowing wheel bracket and above the seed box. A pressure spring is provided on the sowing wheel bracket.

12. A wetland rice mulching planter according to claim 11, characterized in that: The pressing mechanism includes a pressing wheel and a pressing wheel support. The pressing wheel is connected to the seeding wheel support through the pressing wheel support, and the pressing wheel is located behind the seeding wheel in the forward direction.

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