A boletus sp. cultivation device and cultivation method

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of strain cultivation, in particular to a boletus strain cultivation device and method, which comprises an inoculation table provided with a fungus rod tray on the top. The boletus strain cultivation device and method realize online pure mechanical self-cleaning effect in the needle pulling process through the dynamic and static cooperation structure formed by the intermittent rotation of the double needle heads. The relative sliding state of one rotating needle and one stationary needle is maintained during the whole process of needle pulling and resetting, which can continuously scrape off the wood chips, residues and residual high-viscosity strain liquid adhered to the surface of the rotating needle, the inner side of the lateral recess and the through-hole port, without the need for shutdown disassembly and manual cleaning. The problem of high-viscosity strain liquid drying, clogging and residue accumulation breeding of miscellaneous bacteria can be completely avoided, the needle liquid outlet is continuously smooth, the cavity is tightly closed, the cleanliness and inoculation accuracy of continuous batch operation of the equipment are greatly improved, and the equipment maintenance frequency and labor cost are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of strain cultivation technology, specifically to a strain cultivation device and method for Boletus edulis. Background Technology

[0002] Boletus edulis is a rare edible fungus with high nutritional and economic value. During artificial cultivation, the inoculation process directly affects the germination rate, growth uniformity, and final product quality of the mushroom substrate. Compared to common edible fungi spawn, Boletus edulis spawn has a higher viscosity and its activity is more sensitive to the cultivation environment, requiring higher precision in inoculation location, uniform spawn release, and inoculation cleanliness. Insufficient precision in the inoculation equipment or poor matching of the inoculation process can easily lead to uneven spawn germination, contamination by other microorganisms, and inconsistent cultivation cycles, hindering large-scale and stable production.

[0003] Most existing edible mushroom inoculation equipment has a general-purpose structure, with few specialized devices adapted to the specific cultivation conditions of *Boletus edulis* spp. Traditional inoculation equipment generally uses a fixed single-needle structure. This fixed needle structure prevents the formation of a switchable, openable liquid storage chamber, relying solely on passive liquid injection based on pipeline pressure. Inoculation location depends on the fixed travel of the equipment or manual alignment, failing to adapt to the structural characteristics of the mushroom substrate for precise, targeted inoculation. After high-pressure bagging and compaction, the surface material of the mushroom substrate is dense and hard with low porosity, while the central area is relatively loose with good pore connectivity, making it more suitable for spore colonization and diffusion. Existing equipment continuously releases liquid throughout the puncture process, easily causing the spores to be exposed on the surface of the substrate. This not only results in poor penetration and uneven mycelial spread, but the exposed high-nutrient spore liquid is also susceptible to contamination by environmental microorganisms, leading to mold growth and reducing the yield of the finished mushroom substrate.

[0004] Meanwhile, traditional fixed needles lack a self-cleaning structure adapted to the inoculation process. After continuous operation, residual inoculum and sawdust easily adhere to the needle surface and crevices. The dried residue can clog the needle pores, affecting subsequent inoculation accuracy. Long-term accumulation can also lead to the growth of contaminating bacteria, failing to meet the requirements for continuous and clean automated cultivation of *Boletus edulis* spores. Conventional rotatable needle structures are mostly synchronous rotation structures, prone to rotational interference and jamming during operation, resulting in insufficient operational stability. Furthermore, they lack a targeted reservoir-release switching structure, making them unsuitable for the stable inoculation requirements of high-viscosity inoculum solutions.

[0005] In view of this, we propose a cultivation device and cultivation method for Boletus edulis strains. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a cultivation device and method for Boletus edulis spawn, to solve the problems mentioned in the background art, such as low inoculation accuracy, uneven spawn release, and easy needle residue clogging. To achieve the above objective, this invention provides the following technical solution: a cultivation device for Boletus edulis spawn, comprising an inoculation platform, a spawn tray on the top of the inoculation platform, and a cylinder with a vertically lifting pressure plate.

[0007] The pressure plate is equipped with a needle sleeve, and an integral double cylindrical needle body is vertically slidably mounted inside the needle sleeve. A top spring that pushes the needle body out under normal conditions is installed between the needle sleeve and the integral double cylindrical needle body.

[0008] The needle sheath is equipped with a drive motor. The upper part of the integrated double cylindrical needle body is rotatably fitted with a quarter-tooth gear. A matching inverted bevel gear pair is fitted between the quarter-tooth gear and the drive motor shaft. The integrated double cylindrical needle body can automatically engage and disengage the inverted bevel gear pair in conjunction with the top spring according to the change of puncture resistance.

[0009] The bottom end of the integrated double cylindrical needle body is equipped with two independently circumferentially rotating needles. The two rotating needles are arranged opposite each other and cooperate to form an openable and closable liquid storage and sealing cavity.

[0010] The integrated double cylindrical needle body is equipped with two independent drive shafts and corresponding transmission gears. The quarter-tooth gear can alternately mesh with the two transmission gears to drive the two rotating needles to rotate intermittently.

[0011] The integrated double cylindrical needle body has a vertical through hole that connects to the liquid storage and sealing cavity. The pressure plate is equipped with a total liquid box, which is connected to the inoculum liquid box at the top of the integrated double cylindrical needle body through a pipeline.

[0012] Preferably, the integrated double cylindrical needle body is a one-piece molded structure, with the two cylindrical bodies partially overlapping to form an overlapping and matching guide section, which provides radial limiting and rotational guidance for the bottom rotating needle head.

[0013] Preferably, the bottom end of the integrated double cylindrical needle body is equipped with a damping pad, which is fitted to the top end face of the rotating needle head to form a circumferential damping and limiting fit structure with the rotating needle head.

[0014] Preferably, during the full rotation of the quarter-tooth gear, it can alternately and independently mesh with two transmission gears, and a single meshing completes the full rotation drive of the corresponding rotating needle. The two rotating needles form a mutually exclusive and time-divided intermittent rotation structure.

[0015] Preferably, the two rotating needles are arranged facing each other and their movement paths overlap. The interference area where the two rotating needles overlap is partially removed to form a lateral notch, and the dimensions of the two lateral notches are perfectly matched.

[0016] Two rotating needles are aligned to form a liquid storage and sealing cavity through lateral notches, and can be displaced from each other as the rotating needles rotate to release the sealing state of the liquid storage and sealing cavity.

[0017] Preferably, the main liquid box and the pressure plate are arranged to rise and fall synchronously, and the inoculum liquid boxes of each station are uniformly connected to the main liquid box through the diversion pipeline, forming a multi-station centralized diversion and pressure stabilizing liquid supply structure.

[0018] The inoculum container is connected to a vertical through-hole via a delivery hose, forming a one-way delivery path for the inoculum.

[0019] Preferably, during the intermittent alternating rotation of the two rotating needles, the rotating needle and the sidewall and lateral notch edge of the stationary rotating needle form a relative sliding fit structure.

[0020] Preferably, the two drive shafts are arranged vertically and symmetrically inside the integrated double cylindrical needle body, and the two ends of the drive shafts form a limiting rotation assembly structure with the integrated double cylindrical needle body to maintain the meshing alignment accuracy of the transmission gear and the quarter-tooth gear.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: In this invention, a dynamic-static coordination structure formed by the intermittent rotation of the dual needles achieves an online, purely mechanical self-cleaning effect during needle removal. Throughout the needle removal and reset process, the equipment maintains a relative sliding state with one needle rotating and the other stationary, continuously scraping away sawdust, bacterial residue, and residual high-viscosity inoculum adhering to the surface of the rotating needle, the inner side of the lateral notch, and the through-hole port, without requiring machine shutdown, disassembly, or manual cleaning. This completely avoids the problems of high-viscosity inoculum drying and clogging holes, and the accumulation of residue leading to the growth of miscellaneous bacteria, continuously ensuring smooth liquid flow from the needle and tight cavity closure. It significantly improves the cleanliness and inoculation accuracy of continuous batch operations, reduces equipment maintenance frequency and labor costs, and perfectly meets the long-term, large-scale clean cultivation and production needs of Boletus edulis.

[0022] In this invention, a purely mechanical fixed-point release structure using resistance difference combined with elastic clutch is adopted. There is no need for sensors and electronically controlled positioning components. Relying on the resistance change caused by the density difference between the surface and center of the mushroom stick, the process of switching between surface puncture power disconnection and center positioning power connection for release is automatically realized. This matches the characteristic of Boletus edulis radiating growth from the inside out, improves the problems of shallow inoculation and uneven distribution of strains in traditional equipment, enhances the uniformity of strain germination, and ensures the consistency of mushroom stick growth.

[0023] In this invention, a concave lateral notch is created by rotating the needle. When aligned correctly, a sealed liquid-storing cavity is formed; when misaligned, the seal is released, allowing for time-controlled operation of puncture-based liquid storage and colonization-based liquid release. This effectively solves the problems of surface accumulation and external contamination of the inoculum caused by the continuous liquid release process in traditional equipment. It precisely adapts to the inoculation requirements of the high-viscosity inoculum solution of *Boletus edulis*, significantly reducing the probability of contamination by other microorganisms and improving inoculation cleanliness and colonization success rate.

[0024] In this invention, a centralized liquid supply structure with a pressure plate-driven follow-up liquid box is used to uniformly distribute and stabilize the liquid supply to each workstation, reducing pressure deviations across multiple workstations and improving the consistency of batch inoculation. Simultaneously, a damping pad is added to adapt to the intermittent disengagement of the elastic clutch, achieving damping and limiting in the idle state of the rotating needle without drive, preventing needle deflection and misalignment, stabilizing the alignment accuracy of lateral notches and the sealing of the cavity, reducing the probability of contamination by other microorganisms, and improving the overall operational stability of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the integrated double cylindrical needle body, needle sheath, and rotating needle head of the present invention. Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the integrated double cylindrical needle body, rotating needle head, and drive shaft of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the two rotating needles and the lateral notch of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotating needle tip of the present invention when it rotates along the lateral notch; Figure 6 This is an exploded view of the integrated double cylindrical needle body, inoculum container, and delivery hose of the present invention. Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 8 This is an exploded view of the integrated double cylindrical needle body and needle sleeve of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation of the drive shaft, transmission gear, and quarter-tooth gear along the integrated double cylindrical needle body of the present invention. Figure 10 This is a partial front sectional view of the integrated double cylindrical needle body and needle sleeve of the present invention.

[0026] In the diagram: 1. Inoculation table; 2. Mushroom stick tray; 3. Cylinder; 4. Pressure plate; 5. Needle sheath; 6. Integrated double cylindrical needle body; 7. Top spring; 8. Drive motor; 9. Quarter tooth gear; 10. Inverted bevel gear pair; 11. Rotating needle; 12. Liquid storage sealing cavity; 13. Drive shaft; 14. Transmission gear; 15. Vertical through hole; 16. Total liquid box; 17. Mushroom liquid box; 18. Lateral notch; 19. Delivery hose. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Please see Figures 1 to 10 This invention provides a technical solution: a cultivation device for Boletus edulis, including an inoculation table 1, which serves as the supporting base of the entire machine, stably supporting the working structures of each station. A substrate tray 2 precisely positions the substrates to be processed, preventing substrate displacement and misalignment during inoculation and ensuring accurate inoculation alignment. A cylinder 3 is vertically mounted on the inoculation table 1, driving a pressure plate 4 to complete stable vertical lifting and lowering movements, providing basic power for needle puncture and needle removal / resetting. The pressure plate 4 fixes a needle sleeve 5, inside which a one-piece double-cylindrical needle body 6 is vertically slidably mounted. A top spring 7, mounted between the needle sleeve 5 and the one-piece double-cylindrical needle body 6, is always in a pre-tensioned state. Under normal conditions, it pushes the one-piece double-cylindrical needle body 6 downwards, positioning the rotating needle 11 in the puncture-ready working position. The needle sleeve 5 integrates a fixed drive motor 8, eliminating the need for external transmission components, resulting in a compact structure and strong protection. The upper part of the integrated double cylindrical needle body 6 is equipped with a quarter-tooth gear 9, and the shaft of the drive motor 8 is equipped with a matching inverted bevel gear pair 10. The two mesh to transmit power. During operation, relying on the changes in puncture resistance caused by the density difference in different areas of the mushroom stick, and with the compression and reset of the top spring 7, the engagement and disengagement of the inverted bevel gear pair 10 can be completed purely mechanically and adaptively: when puncturing the dense area on the surface of the mushroom stick, the resistance is greater, compressing the top spring 7, the needle body moves upward, the gear pair disengages, the power is disconnected, and the needle remains stationary.

[0029] When the needle punctures the loose area in the center of the substrate, the resistance decreases sharply, the top spring 7 resets, pushing the needle body downwards, the gear pair automatically engages, and the power is connected. The bottom of the integrated double cylindrical needle body 6 is equipped with two independently rotating needles 11, which, together with its structure, can open and close to form a liquid storage and sealing chamber 12, enabling temporary storage and targeted release of the inoculum. Inside the needle body are two independent drive shafts 13 and matching transmission gears 14, which, in conjunction with the upper quarter-tooth gear 9, achieve intermittent alternating transmission, driving the dual needles to rotate in a time-sharing manner. A vertical through-hole 15 inside the needle body connects the top inoculum liquid box 17 to the bottom liquid storage and sealing chamber 12. Combined with the pressure plate 4 and the follow-up total liquid box 16 piping system, a fully sealed, stable, and controllable inoculum delivery pathway is constructed, providing a foundation for precise inoculation. This basic architecture uses a purely mechanical linkage throughout, requiring no electronic sensors or program control. It is structurally stable, has a low failure rate, and is precisely adapted to the specific inoculation conditions of *Boletus edulis* inoculum, which is characterized by high viscosity, susceptibility to contamination, and the need for targeted planting.

[0030] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figures 5 to 10 As shown, the integrated double cylindrical needle body 6 is manufactured using a one-piece molding process, without segmented splicing or assembly gaps. Its overall structural strength, coaxiality, and structural stability are far superior to those of split-piece needle bodies. It can withstand long-term, high-frequency, high-resistance mushroom stick piercing operations, and is less prone to deformation, eccentricity, or loosening, ensuring long-term operational accuracy of the equipment. The two cylindrical bodies are arranged in parallel with partial overlap, naturally forming an integrated overlapping guide section. This eliminates the need for additional guide sliders, guide grooves, or other auxiliary limiting components, resulting in a simplified structure and higher guiding accuracy. This overlapping guide section provides all-around radial limiting and precise rotational guidance for the two rotating needles 11 mounted at the bottom, effectively constraining radial sway, eccentricity, and rotational jamming during operation, maintaining a constant relative assembly position for the two rotating needles 11. This structure provides a fundamental guarantee for subsequent core functions: precise needle alignment ensures perfect enclosure of the lateral notch 18, guarantees the airtightness of the liquid storage sealing cavity 12, and prevents leakage of high-viscosity Boletus edulis inoculum.

[0031] Meanwhile, the stable guiding structure can avoid problems such as damage to the mushroom stick and displacement of the inoculation position caused by needle deflection during the puncture process, which greatly improves the regularity and qualification rate of the inoculation operation and is suitable for large-scale batch cultivation and production.

[0032] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figures 5 to 10As shown, a damping pad is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the integrated double cylindrical needle body 6. The damping pad is tightly fitted to the top end faces of the two rotating needles 11, forming a surface contact circumferential damping and limiting fit structure with the end faces of the rotating needles 11. The damping force is uniform and the limiting effect is stable. During the operation of the equipment, in the standby stage when the needle pierces the surface of the mushroom stick and the gear pair disengages and cuts off the power, the rotating needles 11 are in a free state without drive. Factors such as equipment vibration, residual stress from piercing, and micro-tension in the tubing can easily cause the needles to deflect or misalign, compromising the alignment accuracy of the notches. This structure, through the damping and limiting effect of the damping pad, can effectively lock the circumferential degree of freedom of the rotating needles 11, stably lock the initial alignment posture of the needles, and ensure that the lateral notches 18 of the two rotating needles 11 are always accurately aligned and perfectly closed. During the liquid storage and standby phase, the airtightness of the liquid storage chamber 12 can be guaranteed throughout the entire process, preventing leakage of the inoculum and contamination of the inoculum by external bacteria. It is precisely adapted to the sensitive and contamination-intolerant characteristics of Boletus edulis inoculum, continuously improving the cleanliness and stability of the inoculation operation, and reducing the probability of mold growth and inoculation failure from a structural perspective.

[0033] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figures 5 to 10 As shown, the quarter-tooth gear 9 is the core component for power switching and time-sharing transmission in this equipment. Unlike conventional full-circle gears, its unique tooth structure enables precise intermittent and mutually exclusive transmission logic. During its full rotation, the quarter-tooth gear 9 can alternately and independently mesh with the transmission gears 14 at the top of the two drive shafts 13 according to a fixed sequence. Each meshing stroke can only drive the corresponding transmission gear 14 and the rotating needle 11 to complete one full rotation. After meshing, it automatically disengages without causing power interference to the other set of transmission gears 14. Based on this structure, the two rotating needles 11 form a strictly mutually exclusive, time-sharing intermittent rotation structure. At any moment during equipment operation, a dynamic-static coordination state is maintained where one needle rotates while the other remains stationary. This completely avoids the motion interference, gear jamming, transmission failure, and needle collision problems caused by traditional synchronous rotation of two needles, significantly improving the operational stability of the equipment. Meanwhile, this purely mechanical time-sharing transmission structure requires no electronic control switching or program adjustment. It achieves automated time-sequential transmission by relying on the inherent characteristics of the gear structure. The structure is durable, has a low failure rate, and is easy to maintain. It not only ensures the orderly progress of the vaccination process, but also provides a stable dynamic and static coordination basis for the needle self-cleaning function in the subsequent needle removal stage, realizing the technical advantage of one machine for multiple uses.

[0034] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figures 5 to 10As shown, two rotating needles 11 are arranged laterally opposite each other, and their rotational paths overlap. For the solid areas where the overlap interferes, the solid is locally removed by precise machining, and two symmetrically formed lateral recesses 18 with perfectly matched sizes and shapes are created. This eliminates motion interference and constructs an openable liquid storage structure, which is the core and original structure of this device adapted to the inoculation conditions of Boletus edulis. The specific working logic and beneficial effects are as follows: During the liquid storage stage when the needle pierces the dense area on the surface of the mycelium stick and the gear pair is disengaged and ready, the two rotating needles 11 maintain their initial alignment. The two lateral recesses 18 are precisely aligned and enclose each other to form a sealed liquid storage cavity 12 without leakage. This can stably and temporarily store the high-viscosity, easily lost Boletus edulis inoculum, avoiding the problems of mycelium exposure, surface accumulation, and contamination caused by the full release of liquid in traditional equipment. When the needle pierces the loose central area of ​​the mushroom substrate and the gear pair engages, the quarter-tooth gear 9 drives any one of the rotating needles 11 to rotate. The two lateral notches 18 shift with the needle's rotation, automatically releasing the previously sealed liquid storage chamber 12. The inoculum solution within the chamber is slowly and evenly released, precisely penetrating the pore area in the center of the substrate. This controlled inoculation mode, which stores the inoculum before releasing it, perfectly suits the dense surface and loose central structure of the mushroom substrate, aligning with the radiative growth characteristics of *Boletus edulis* from the inside out. This significantly improves the colonization effect and the uniformity of substrate germination, fundamentally solving the technical shortcomings of traditional inoculation processes.

[0035] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figures 5 to 10 As shown, the main liquid box 16 is mounted and fixed on top of the pressure plate 4, and can move vertically and synchronously with the pressure plate 4. It is fully compatible with the vertical operation stroke of needle puncture and needle withdrawal, effectively avoiding the problems of pipeline pulling, bending, twisting, and interference caused by traditional fixed liquid boxes, protecting the integrity of the liquid supply pipeline, and extending the service life of the equipment. The inoculum liquid boxes 17 corresponding to each station are uniformly connected to the main liquid box 16 in parallel through the branch pipeline, forming a multi-station centralized branch pressure stabilizing liquid supply system. The main liquid box 16 uniformly stabilizes and distributes the liquid, which can ensure that the liquid supply pressure and liquid supply flow of each station are highly consistent, completely solving the problems of inconsistent inoculation amount and differences in the growth status of the mycelium sticks when mass production at multiple stations, and greatly improving the uniformity of batch cultivation and the quality of finished products. Meanwhile, each inoculum container 17 is sealed and connected to the vertical through hole 15 inside the integrated double cylindrical needle body 6 through an independent delivery hose 19, forming a fully sealed, leak-free, and pollution-free one-way inoculum delivery path. The inoculum can only be delivered from the main container 16 through the branch pipe, inoculum container 17, delivery hose 19, and vertical through hole 15 to the liquid storage and sealing chamber 12. The entire process isolates external air and impurities, effectively protecting the biological activity of Boletus edulis, avoiding contamination by other bacteria, and meeting the needs of large-scale, clean, and automated production.

[0036] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figures 5 to 10 As shown, the equipment maintains a constant alternating stationary and moving state between the two needles throughout the entire process, providing a structural basis for the online self-cleaning function. During the entire process of single-strain inoculation and needle removal from the pressure plate 4, the drive motor 8 operates continuously and stably, and the quarter-tooth gear 9 continuously and alternately meshes, ensuring that the two rotating needles 11 maintain a dynamic-static coordination mode of intermittent alternating rotation without pauses or static gaps. At this time, the sidewalls and edges of the lateral recesses 18 of the rotating needle 11 continuously and stably slide relative to the corresponding wall surfaces and recesses of the stationary rotating needle 11. Relying on the purely mechanical relative sliding scraping action, residual inoculum, fine sawdust, and inoculum residue adhering to the outer surface of the needle, the inner side of the recess, and the through-hole port can be automatically and in real-time scraped away, without requiring manual disassembly and cleaning, or additional cleaning of the power components. In continuous batch inoculation operations, the needle structure can be kept clean in real time, preventing problems such as residual bacterial liquid drying and clogging, and the accumulation of impurities and the growth of miscellaneous bacteria. It can continuously ensure accurate inoculation flow and reliable cavity sealing, greatly improve the continuous operation capability and inoculation accuracy of the equipment, significantly reduce manual maintenance costs, and perfectly adapt to the large-scale continuous cultivation of Boletus edulis.

[0037] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figures 5 to 10 As shown, the two drive shafts 13 are arranged vertically symmetrically inside the integrated double cylindrical needle body 6. This symmetrical layout ensures uniform power distribution, eliminating off-center loading and force during operation, thus improving the overall structural stability of the needle body. Each drive shaft 13 has a limiting rotation assembly structure at both its upper and lower ends with the internal cavity of the integrated double cylindrical needle body 6, simultaneously achieving axial and radial limiting, strictly constraining displacement deviations such as vertical movement, lateral shift, and radial wobble during operation. This limiting assembly structure ensures long-term, stable alignment of the meshing gear 14 at the top of the drive shaft 13 with the upper quarter-tooth gear 9, ensuring uniform gear meshing clearance and precise transmission. This effectively avoids the gear meshing misalignment, slippage, tooth skipping, and power transmission failure issues common in traditional drive shafts without limiting structures, completely resolving problems such as uneven needle rotation, fluid release deviation, and poor self-cleaning effect caused by unstable transmission. It significantly improves the operational stability and durability of the time-sharing transmission structure, reduces the probability of equipment failure and maintenance frequency, ensures the consistency and reliability of inoculation operations for multiple batches of mushroom sticks, and is suitable for long-term large-scale automated cultivation and production.

[0038] A method for cultivating Boletus edulis using a cultivation device includes the following steps: S1. Before operation, neatly fix the mushroom logs to be cultivated on the mushroom log tray 2 and complete the workstation alignment calibration. After starting the equipment, the cylinder 3 drives the pressure plate 4 to move vertically downward, driving the needle sleeve 5, the integrated double cylindrical needle body 6 and the bottom rotating needle head 11 to move downward synchronously, piercing the dense and hard surface area of ​​the mushroom log. Due to the high density of the surface material and the high piercing resistance, the top spring 7 is compressed, and the integrated double cylindrical needle body 6 moves upward relative to the needle sleeve 5, driving the inverted bevel gear pair 10 to disengage, temporarily disconnecting the power of the drive motor 8, and keeping the two rotating needle heads 11 stationary. At the same time, under the circumferential limiting action of the damping pad, the lateral notches 18 of the double rotating needle heads 11 are always precisely aligned, forming a sealed liquid storage cavity 12. At this point, the liquid supply path consisting of the main liquid box 16, the branch pipe, the inoculum liquid box 17, and the vertical through hole 15 is normally connected. The Boletus edulis inoculum liquid is stably and tightly filled into the liquid storage sealing cavity 12, completing the sterile and leak-free fixed-point inoculum storage process, which prepares for subsequent accurate inoculation and effectively avoids the problem of inoculum exposure and contamination during the surface puncture stage.

[0039] S2. As the rotating needle 11 continues to descend and pierce, it gradually penetrates the dense surface of the mushroom log, entering the central colonization area with high porosity and loose material. The piercing resistance decreases dramatically in an instant. At this time, the top spring 7 loses its high resistance constraint and elastically resets, pushing the integrated double cylindrical needle body 6 downward relative to the needle sleeve 5. The inverted bevel gear pair 10 automatically re-engages, and the drive motor 8 is powered on. The quarter-tooth gear 9 continues to operate, alternately meshing with the transmission gears 14 on both sides, driving the two rotating needles 11 to rotate intermittently. During the rotation of the rotating needle 11, the originally aligned lateral notches 18 are misaligned, the sealed state of the liquid storage chamber 12 is released, and the high-viscosity inoculum liquid stored in the chamber is slowly and evenly released, precisely penetrating into the loose pores in the center of the mushroom log. This process perfectly matches the biological characteristics of Boletus edulis inoculation—central colonization and inward and outward radial growth—avoiding the accumulation and mold growth of the inoculum on the surface, significantly improving the germination rate and uniform growth of the mushroom log, and achieving the core effect of precise inoculation.

[0040] S3. After the single-strain spawn is inoculated, cylinder 3 drives the pressure plate 4 to move vertically upwards, causing the rotating needle 11 to be pulled out of the spawn, completing the inoculation reset. Throughout the needle removal process, the drive motor 8 continues to work, and the two rotating needles 11 maintain an alternating rotation state of one stationary and one moving. Relying on the relative sliding fit structure between the rotating and stationary rotating needles 11, the sawdust, debris, and residual inoculum liquid adhering to the surface of the rotating needle 11 and the inner side of the lateral recess 18 are continuously scraped away, achieving online synchronous self-cleaning without the need for manual cleaning and maintaining the cleanliness of the rotating needles 11 at all times. After the equipment is fully reset, the rotating needles 11 return to a precise alignment state under the limiting action of the damping pad, the liquid storage sealing chamber 12 closes again, and automatically enters the next round of inoculation operation cycle, realizing continuous, stable, and clean automated batch cultivation production.

[0041] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A cultivation device for Boletus edulis strains, characterized in that: Includes an inoculation table (1), on the top of which is a mushroom stick tray (2), and the inoculation table (1) is equipped with a cylinder (3) with a vertically lifting pressure plate (4). The pressure plate (4) is equipped with a needle sleeve (5), and an integral double cylindrical needle body (6) is vertically slidably mounted inside the needle sleeve (5). A top spring (7) that pushes the needle body out under normal conditions is installed between the needle sleeve (5) and the integral double cylindrical needle body (6). The needle sheath (5) is equipped with a drive motor (8). The upper part of the integrated double cylindrical needle body (6) is rotatably equipped with a quarter-tooth gear (9). The quarter-tooth gear (9) and the shaft of the drive motor (8) are equipped with a matching inverted bevel gear pair (10). The integrated double cylindrical needle body (6) can cooperate with the top spring (7) to realize the automatic engagement and disengagement of the inverted bevel gear pair (10) according to the change of puncture resistance. The bottom end of the integrated double cylindrical needle body (6) is equipped with two independently circumferentially rotating needles (11). The two rotating needles (11) are arranged opposite to each other and cooperate to form an openable and closable liquid storage and sealing cavity (12). The integrated double cylindrical needle body (6) is equipped with two independent drive shafts (13) and corresponding transmission gears (14). The quarter-tooth gear (9) can alternately mesh with the two transmission gears (14) to drive the two rotating needles (11) to rotate intermittently. The integrated double cylindrical needle body (6) has a vertical through hole (15) that connects to the liquid storage and sealing cavity (12). The pressure plate (4) is equipped with a total liquid box (16). The total liquid box (16) is connected to the bacterial liquid box (17) at the top of the integrated double cylindrical needle body (6) through a pipeline.

2. The cultivation device for Boletus edulis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The integrated double cylindrical needle body (6) is an integrally formed structure. The two cylindrical bodies partially overlap to form an overlapping guide section, which forms radial limit and rotation guide for the bottom rotating needle head (11).

3. The cultivation device for Boletus edulis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom end of the integrated double cylindrical needle body (6) is equipped with a damping pad, which is attached to the top end face of the rotating needle head (11) to form a circumferential damping limiting fit structure with the rotating needle head (11).

4. The cultivation device for Boletus edulis according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the full rotation of the quarter-tooth gear (9), it can alternately and independently mesh with two transmission gears (14). A single meshing completes the full rotation of the corresponding rotating needle (11), and the two rotating needles (11) form a mutually exclusive and time-divided intermittent rotation structure.

5. The cultivation device for Boletus edulis according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two rotating needles (11) are set facing each other and their motion paths overlap. The interference area where the two rotating needles (11) overlap is partially removed to form a lateral notch (18). The structural dimensions of the two lateral notches (18) are perfectly matched. Two rotating needles (11) are aligned with each other through a lateral notch (18) to form a liquid storage sealing cavity (12), and can rotate with the rotating needles (11) to displace each other to release the sealed state of the liquid storage sealing cavity (12).

6. The cultivation device for Boletus edulis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The total liquid box (16) and the pressure plate (4) are arranged to rise and fall synchronously. The bacterial liquid boxes (17) of each work station are connected to the total liquid box (16) through the diversion pipeline, forming a multi-work station centralized diversion and pressure stabilizing liquid supply structure. The inoculum container (17) is connected to the vertical through hole (15) through the delivery hose (19) to form a one-way delivery path for the inoculum.

7. The cultivation device for Boletus edulis according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the intermittent alternating rotation of the two rotating needles (11), the rotating needle (11) and the sidewall and lateral recess (18) edge of the stationary rotating needle (11) form a relative sliding fit structure.

8. The cultivation device for Boletus edulis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two drive shafts (13) are arranged vertically symmetrically inside the integrated double cylindrical needle body (6). The two ends of the drive shafts (13) form a limiting rotation assembly structure with the integrated double cylindrical needle body (6) to maintain the meshing alignment accuracy of the transmission gear (14) and the quarter tooth gear (9).

9. A method for cultivating Boletus edulis using a cultivation device, comprising using the Boletus edulis cultivation device as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Before operation, the mushroom sticks to be cultivated are neatly fixed on the mushroom stick tray (2), and the work station is aligned and calibrated. After starting the equipment, the cylinder (3) drives the pressure plate (4) to move vertically downward, which drives the needle sleeve (5), the integrated double cylindrical needle body (6) and the bottom rotating needle head (11) to move down synchronously, piercing the dense and hard area on the surface of the mushroom stick. Due to the high density of the surface material and the high piercing resistance, the top spring (7) is compressed, and the integrated double cylindrical needle body (6) moves upward relative to the needle sleeve (5), which drives the inverted bevel gear pair (10). Disengagement occurs, the drive motor (8) is temporarily disconnected, and the two rotating needles (11) remain stationary. At the same time, under the circumferential limiting action of the damping pad, the lateral notches (18) of the two rotating needles (11) are always precisely aligned, forming a sealed liquid storage cavity (12). At this time, the liquid supply path formed by the main liquid box (16), the diversion pipeline, the inoculum liquid box (17), and the vertical through hole (15) is normally connected, and the Boletus edulis inoculum liquid is smoothly and tightly filled into the liquid storage cavity (12). S2. As the rotating needle (11) continues to descend and puncture, the rotating needle (11) gradually penetrates the dense surface of the mushroom stick and enters the central planting area with high internal porosity and loose material. The puncture resistance is reduced significantly in an instant. At this time, the top spring (7) loses the constraint of high resistance and elastically resets, pushing the integrated double cylindrical needle body (6) to move down relative to the needle sleeve (5). The inverted bevel gear pair (10) automatically re-meshes, and the drive motor (8) is powered on. A quarter-tooth gear (9) operates continuously, alternately meshing with the transmission gears (14) on both sides, driving the two rotating needles (11) to rotate intermittently; during the rotation of the rotating needles (11), the side recesses (18) that were originally facing each other are misaligned, the sealed state of the liquid storage chamber (12) is released, and the high viscosity bacterial liquid stored in the chamber is slowly and evenly released, precisely penetrating into the loose pores in the center of the mushroom stick; S3. After the single-strain spawn is inoculated, the cylinder (3) drives the pressure plate (4) to move vertically upward, driving the rotating needle (11) to be pulled out of the spawn as a whole, completing the inoculation reset. During the entire needle removal process, the drive motor (8) continues to work, and the double rotating needle (11) always maintains an alternating rotation state of one stationary and one moving. Relying on the relative sliding cooperation structure between the rotating needle (11) and the stationary rotating needle (11), the sawdust and residual spawn adhering to the surface of the rotating needle (11) and the inner side of the lateral recess (18) are continuously scraped off, realizing online synchronous self-cleaning. There is no need to stop the machine for manual cleaning, and the cleanliness of the rotating needle (11) is always maintained.

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