An efficient propagation method of winter host moss of gall aphid

Abstract

This invention discloses a highly efficient propagation method for *Bryum curvatureum*, the winter host of the gall aphid, belonging to the technical field of forestry and forestry industries. The highly efficient propagation method includes applying a rhizoid-promoting treatment reagent and a growth solution to the sown winter host *Bryum curvatureum*. The rhizoid-promoting treatment reagent includes individually packaged EM bacterial solution, wood vinegar solution, and rooting powder solution. The growth solution comprises gibberellin 30-50 mg / L, brassinolide 0.5-0.6 mg / L, and thiamine 0.001-0.003 mg / L. Example results show that spraying with EM bacterial solution, wood vinegar solution, and rooting powder solution can significantly increase the number of rhizoids in the winter host *Bryum curvatureum*; spraying with gibberellin, brassinolide, and thiamine solution can significantly increase the number and length of new branches in the winter host *Bryum curvatureum*. This invention can scientifically and efficiently improve the reproductive efficiency of *Bryum curvatureum*, the winter host of the gall aphid, and is suitable for widespread application in production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of forestry and forestry specialty industries, and in particular relates to the cultivation technology of bryophytes, specifically a highly efficient method for propagating bryophytes, the winter host of the gall aphid. Background Technology

[0002] Gallnut is a unique insect resource in my country. It is formed by gall aphids that parasitize the leaf rachis, wings, or leaflets of plants such as *Rhus chinensis*, *Populus alba*, and *Populus rubra* (all belonging to the Anacardiaceae family), stimulating the proliferation of host plant cells through piercing and sucking. Its extracts, such as tannins and gallic acid, are widely used in medicine, food, chemical, electronics, and mining industries, possessing high medicinal and industrial value.

[0003] The reported gallnut varieties mainly include horn gallnut, belly gallnut, jujube iron gallnut, egg iron gallnut, and flower gallnut. Among them, the tannin content of horn gallnut is 65%-70%, while that of jujube iron gallnut and egg iron gallnut is 70%-75%. In every 500g of dried product, there are 70-110 horn gallnuts, and 70-80 jujube iron gallnuts and egg iron gallnuts. The gallnut walls of jujube iron gallnut and egg iron gallnut are thicker, and their tannin and tannic acid content is significantly higher than that of horn gallnut.

[0004] The galls formed by the aphid *Ichthyophthirius multifiliis* after feeding on the leaflets of *Populus rubra* are commonly known as "Ichthyophthirius multifiliis." *Populus rubra* is the summer host of the aphid, while its winter hosts, primarily mosses belonging to the genus *Bryophytum* of the family Brachytheciaceae, are... Brachythecium Some taxa. Existing literature reports the following moss species as winter hosts of the egg-eating aphid: *Bryophytum comosum* (…). Brachythecium reflexum Also known as *Bryum simonii*, *Bryum velutipes* (also known as *Bryum simonii*). Brachythecium velutinum ), multi-folded moss ( Brachythecium buchananii ), Dense-leaved moss ( Oxyrrhynchium savatieri ), molluscum contagiosum ( Herpetineuron toccoae )wait.

[0005] China accounts for over 95% of the world's gallnut production, with *Gnaphalium affine* accounting for over 70% of my country's total gallnut production. Other varieties like *Gnaphalium affine*, *Gnaphalium thunbergii*, and *Gnaphalium affine* account for only 30%. Research on the artificial cultivation of *Gnaphalium thunbergii* was only active in the 1980s and 1990s. For example, in 1994, the Guizhou Provincial Forestry Research Institute's gallnut collaborative group discovered *Bryum curvum* and *Bryum densiflorum* as winter hosts for the aphid *Gnaphalium affine* in Zunyi and other areas, and studied the life cycle of the aphid. Subsequent research on *Gnaphalium affine* was limited, with only recent research on the artificial cultivation of *Bryum curvum* and *Gnaphalium thunbergii* resurfacing. For instance, in 2024, Luo Qingyong discovered that *Bryum multifleuroneum* could serve as a winter host for *Gnaphalium affine*. In the current artificial breeding system for *Gnaphalium affine*, the identification and acquisition of winter host mosses heavily relies on searching for moss branches parasitized by *Gnaphalium affine* in the wild during winter. This passive acquisition model, based on the insect's behavior, not only lags far behind the needs of industrial production but also leads to inconsistent seed quality and unclear genetic backgrounds. Field collection and artificial propagation based on this method of germplasm acquisition often result in low propagation efficiency of winter host mosses in artificial cultivation environments due to insufficient initial germplasm vigor and poor adaptability. Therefore, overcoming the technical bottlenecks of traditional germplasm acquisition and constructing a high-efficiency propagation technology system for winter host mosses based on superior germplasm screening and artificial directional cultivation has become one of the core issues restricting the large-scale and standardized development of the ferruginous moss industry.

[0006] This invention addresses this problem by conducting efficient propagation research on *Bryum flexurea*, the winter host of *Gnaphalium affine*, aiming to lay a theoretical and practical foundation for the development of *Gnaphalium affine* in the artificial cultivation of gallnuts. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides an efficient method for propagating winter host moss of the gallnut aphid, thereby solving the problem of low propagation efficiency of winter host moss in the prior art.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: This invention provides a highly efficient method for propagating the winter host moss of the gallnut aphid, comprising applying a rhizoid-promoting treatment reagent and a growth solution to the sown winter host moss; the rhizoid-promoting treatment reagent includes individually packaged EM bacterial solution, wood vinegar solution and rooting powder solution; the growth solution comprises gibberellin 30-50 mg / L, brassinolide 0.5-0.6 mg / L and thiamine 0.001-0.003 mg / L.

[0009] Optionally, the EM bacterial solution is diluted 500-600 times, the wood vinegar solution is diluted 700-800 times, and the rooting powder solution has a concentration of 0.8-1 g / L.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the concentrations of the rhizoid-promoting treatment reagents are 600 times that of EM bacterial solution, 800 times that of wood vinegar solution, and 1 g / L of rooting powder solution.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the solution for promoting moss growth consists of 40 mg / L gibberellin, 0.6 mg / L brassinolide, and 0.002 mg / L thiamine.

[0012] Optionally, before sowing, the process also includes collecting moss seeds, treating moss branches, and preparing the moss bed.

[0013] Optionally, the method of collecting moss seeds includes collecting winter host moss seeds with wax balls from the wild; the method of processing moss branches includes: manually removing other mixed mosses mixed in with the winter host moss, tearing them into moss branches and cutting them into moss segments; The process of preparing the moss bed includes: mixing loess, nutrient soil and river sand to obtain a water-retaining substrate, filling it into a turnover box, watering it thoroughly to make the water-retaining substrate have a moisture content of 50%-70%, and laying a geotextile with a thickness of 0.5-0.8cm on the surface of the water-retaining substrate; the volume ratio of the loess, nutrient soil and river sand is (1-2):(1-2):(1-2), more preferably 1:2:2.

[0014] Optionally, the sowing method includes: cutting the stem segments of the winter host moss into fragments with a length of 0.8-1.5cm, and evenly sowing them on the surface of the sowing substrate at a sowing rate of 140-150g / m².

[0015] Optionally, the EM bacterial solution and the wood vinegar solution are applied immediately on the day the winter host moss is sown, with the EM bacterial solution being sprayed at a rate of 50-60 mL / m². 2 The application rate of the wood vinegar solution is 50-60 mL / m². 2 The rooting powder solution is applied 7-8 days after sowing the winter host moss, at a spraying rate of 50-60 mL / m². 2 The growth solution was applied 28-30 days after the winter host moss was sown, at a spraying rate of 50-60 mL / m². 2 .

[0016] Optionally, after sowing, post-sowing management is also included; the post-sowing management process includes: placing the moss bed under a closed shade tree, covering it with an 8-needle shade net to block fallen leaves, avoiding leaf cover, and regularly removing weeds and spraying water.

[0017] Optionally, the winter host moss species includes *Bryophytum comosum* (…). Brachythecium reflexum ).

[0018] Optionally, the water-retaining substrate is piled in the turnover box in a shape that is high at the center and low at the edges, with the height difference between the highest point at the center and the lowest point at the edges being 1-1.5 cm; after the water-retaining substrate is filled into the turnover box, a geotextile with a thickness of 0.5-0.8 cm is laid on top. In an embodiment of the present invention, the turnover box is a plastic turnover box with a size of 56cm×37cm×8cm, and the water-retaining substrate is packed in a shape that is high at the center (9cm) and low at the edges (8cm).

[0019] Optionally, the process of sowing may further include applying powdered nutrient soil; the powdered nutrient soil has particles of 1-2 mm and passes through a 15-16 mesh sieve.

[0020] The present invention discloses the following technical effects: This invention provides a highly efficient method for propagating moss, the winter host of the gallnut aphid. The method involves collecting moss seeds with waxy bulbs from the wild, manually removing other mosses, and processing them into 0.8-1.5cm segments. The moss bed consists of a plastic container filled with a water-retaining substrate (a mixture of loess, nutrient soil, and river sand in a 1:2:2 volume ratio) and a geotextile sheet of appropriate size, 0.5-0.8cm thick. The moss segments are sown on the moss bed, a small amount of nutrient soil is sprinkled, and after spraying, the nutrient soil is piled on the geotextile sheet at the bottom of the moss segments. On the day of sowing, EM bacterial solution and wood vinegar are sprayed to induce rhizoid formation, and a rooting powder solution is sprayed one week after sowing to promote rhizoid growth. The moss bed is placed under a closed shade tree and covered with an 8-needle shade net to block fallen leaves. One month after sowing and transplanting, a solution of gibberellin, brassinolide, and thiamine is sprayed to promote moss branch growth. Later, weeding and watering are carried out regularly. The above steps, when combined, form a highly efficient propagation method for *Bryum curvatureum*, the winter host of the gallnut aphid. Through the synergistic effect of these steps, the reproductive efficiency of *Bryum curvatureum* is significantly improved.

[0021] Further research revealed that selecting a root-promoting treatment reagent concentration of 600 times EM bacterial solution, 800 times wood vinegar solution, and 1 g / L rooting powder solution; and selecting a solution to promote moss branch growth with gibberellin 40 mg / L, brassinolide 0.6 mg / L, and thiamine 0.002 mg / L, can achieve the best propagation efficiency for *Bryum flexurea*.

[0022] In this invention, spraying EM (Effective Microorganisms) solution and wood vinegar solution during moss sowing induces rhizoid formation. The principle is that EM solution promotes further decomposition of the nutrient soil accumulated at the bottom of the moss segment and provides nutrients, while wood vinegar solution alters the pH of the environment surrounding the moss segment, providing a more suitable pH environment for EM solution while inducing rhizoid differentiation. One week later, spraying with a rooting powder solution (a plant growth regulator) further promotes rhizoid growth. After transplanting, spraying with a certain concentration of gibberellin and brassinolide (plant growth regulators) promotes moss branch growth, and a low concentration of thiamine solution (a nutrient supplement) also promotes branch growth to some extent. Under closed shade, covering with an 8-needle shade net provides a suitable diffused light and temperature environment for the moss. Using a plastic turnover box as a container, a water-retaining substrate composed of loess, nutrient soil, and river sand provides the necessary water and nutrients to the moss on the geotextile through a siphon effect, reducing watering frequency and labor input. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 The rhizoid growth status of partially treated moss segments; a: Treatment 2; b: Treatment 4; c: Treatment 5; d: Treatment 7; e: Treatment 8; f: Treatment 9; g: Treatment 10; Scale bar: 1000 μm. Detailed Implementation

[0025] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention, but rather as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.

[0026] It should be understood that the terminology used in this invention is merely for describing particular embodiments and is not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, with respect to numerical ranges in this invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range is also specifically disclosed. Any stated value or intermediate value within a stated range, as well as each smaller range between any other stated value or intermediate value within said range, is also included in this invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may be independently included or excluded from the range.

[0027] Unless otherwise stated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. While only preferred methods and materials have been described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may be used in the implementation or testing of this invention. All references to this specification are incorporated by way of citation to disclose and describe methods and / or materials associated with those references. In the event of any conflict with any incorporated reference, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0028] Various modifications and variations can be made to the specific embodiments described in this specification without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Other embodiments derived from this specification will also be apparent to those skilled in the art. This specification and embodiments are merely exemplary.

[0029] The terms “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc., used in this article are all open-ended terms, meaning that they include but are not limited to.

[0030] Unless otherwise specified, all raw materials used in the embodiments of this invention were purchased through commercial channels.

[0031] The EM bacterial solution is produced by Henan Nongfukang Biotechnology Co., Ltd., using freeze-dried EM bacterial strain powder, general-purpose mixed feed additive, Enterococcus faecalis (Type I) (Approval No.: Yu Si Tian Zi (2017) 166014). The bacterial solution is cultured by boiling 1 kg of brown sugar in 3 kg of water until dissolved, then adding the remaining 7 kg of cold water. When the water temperature drops below 40℃, add one bottle of bacterial strain, stir well, and seal in a plastic bucket for 3-5 days to obtain the EM bacterial solution. The fermentation time is extended in winter. Wood vinegar is produced by Jinan Xintengda Chemical Co., Ltd. Rooting powder is produced by Weifang Junyan Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd.

[0032] River sand refers to rock particles with a diameter of less than 4.75 mm formed by the long-term scouring, friction, sorting and deposition of natural rocks under natural conditions.

[0033] The tested nutrient soil was prepared from waste mushroom substrate, mainly composed of linden sawdust, through complete fermentation with EM (Effective Microorganisms) solution. The fermentation product was dried and pulverized to obtain dry powder nutrient soil. This nutrient soil mainly consists of linden sawdust mushroom substrate residues that have been completely fermented with EM, humified organic matter, available nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium mineral nutrients, dormant beneficial microbial flora, and trace amounts of moisture. It is an organic matrix with high organic matter content, a low carbon-to-nitrogen ratio, a slightly acidic to neutral pH, and a focus on improving soil structure.

[0034] Example 1: Effect of different component and concentration solutions on the number of rhizoids in *Bryum flexurea* segments. (1) Collect moss seeds, process moss branches, and prepare moss beds.

[0035] Moss collection: In February 2025, *Bryum flexurea* seed sources with wax balls were collected in the wild in Fuxing Town, Meitan County, Guizhou Province. Moss branch treatment: Other mosses were manually removed, and the samples were torn into single branches and cut into 1cm long segments for later use. Moss bed preparation: Loess, nutrient soil, and river sand were mixed in a volume ratio of 1:2:2 to prepare a water-retaining substrate, which was then filled into a plastic turnover box with dimensions of 56cm×37cm×8cm (length×width×height). After filling, the substrate had a high center (9cm) and low perimeter (8cm). After thorough watering, the moisture content of the water-retaining substrate reached 60%. A geotextile of matching size and 0.5-0.8cm thickness was then laid on the substrate surface.

[0036] (2) Planting and Treatment: The cut moss segments were sown using the broadcasting method at a rate of 150 g / m². After broadcasting, the segments were gently pressed to ensure full contact between the moss segments and the geotextile and water-retaining substrate. Subsequently, a small amount of dry powdery nutrient soil (approximately 1 mm in diameter, sieved through a 16-mesh sieve) was sprinkled on the surface. Water was sprayed to allow the nutrient soil adhering to the moss segments to accumulate on the geotextile surface at the bottom of the moss segments. On the same day after sowing, different dilutions of rhizoid-promoting agents were sprayed. The application rate of EM bacterial solution, wood vinegar solution, and rooting powder solution was 60 mL / m². 2 EM bacterial solution (A1: 300x, A2: 600x, A3: 900x, A4: water) and wood vinegar solution (B1: 500x, B2: 800x, B3: 1100x, B4: water) were used, and different concentrations of rooting powder solution (C1: 0.5g / L, C2: 1g / L, C3: 1.5g / L, C4: water) were sprayed one week after sowing. EM bacterial solution, wood vinegar solution, and rooting powder solution were sprayed separately.

[0037] After sowing, the moss bed was placed under a closed shade tree, covered with an 8-needle shade net to prevent fallen leaves from entering, and weeds were removed and water was replenished regularly. One month after sowing, five moss segments were randomly selected from each treatment, washed with running water, and the number of rhizoids was counted under a stereomicroscope. The average value was calculated, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0038] Table 1. Effects of different component and concentration solutions on the number of rhizoids in *Bryum flexurea* segments. Note: Treatment 4 was not sprayed with EM bacterial solution, treatment 7 was not sprayed with wood vinegar solution, and treatment 10 was not sprayed with rooting powder solution.

[0039] Table 1 and Figure 1 The results showed that the optimal treatment for promoting rhizoid growth in *Bryum flexurea* segments was 2, which resulted in the highest number of rhizoids (44.5), the best rhizoid growth condition (thick and long), and a greater number of rhizoid germination sites on the segments. Figure 1Therefore, the optimal treatment combination is 600 times diluted EM solution, 800 times diluted wood vinegar solution, and 1 g / L rooting powder solution. From the number of rhizoids in the moss segments of treatments 1, 2, 3, and 4, it can be seen that the optimal dilution ratio of EM solution is 600 times for treatment 2, and the optimal concentration of EM solution (treatment 2) should be used. Figure 1 a) Compared to treatment without EM bacterial solution (treatment No. 4), Figure 1 Compared to treatment b), the former showed thicker rhizoids in the moss segments and a greater number of rhizoids at the same growth point, while the latter showed thinner and fewer rhizoids. Based on the number of rhizoids in the moss segments from treatments 2, 5, 6, and 7, the optimal dilution ratio for the wood vinegar was 800 times. Figure 1 a, Figure 1 c, Figure 1 As can be seen from d, the rhizoids sprouting from the sprayed 800-fold diluted wood vinegar solution accounted for approximately 3 / 4 of the moss segment. Figure 1 Treatment A and Treatment 2), sprayed with a 500-fold diluted wood vinegar solution, the rhizoids sprouted at a location that comprised approximately 2 / 4 of the moss segment. Figure 1 In treatment C, No. 5, without spraying wood vinegar, the rhizoids sprouted only about 1 / 4 of the moss segment. Figure 1 (Treatment d, No. 7), therefore, spraying with high-concentration wood vinegar will inhibit the germination sites of rhizoids, while spraying with an appropriate concentration of wood vinegar will increase the germination sites of rhizoids. From the number of rhizoids in the moss segments of treatments 2, 8, 9, and 10, it can be seen that the optimal concentration of rooting powder solution is 1 g / L, and from... Figure 1 a, Figure 1 (Processing No. 8) Figure 1 (Processed by number 9) Figure 1 Treatment 10 (g) showed that an appropriate concentration of rooting powder could promote the growth of moss rhizoids in terms of quantity, length, and thickness. Moss segments without rooting powder had fewer and shorter rhizoids. Figure 1 (g).

[0040] Example 2: Effects of different component and concentration solutions on the growth of *Bryophytum comosum* (1) Collecting moss seeds, processing moss branches, and preparing moss beds: Same as in Example 1.

[0041] (2) Planting: Sow the moss segments and promote the growth of rhizoids; sow the cut moss segments using the stem-cutting broadcasting method, and after evenly sowing the moss segments, press them evenly to ensure that the moss segments, geotextile and water-retaining substrate are in full contact. Then sprinkle a small amount of dry powdery nutrient soil (particles about 1 mm, passed through a 16-mesh sieve) and spray water, so that the nutrient soil on the moss segment leaves accumulates on the geotextile at the bottom of the moss segment after being sprayed with water. On the day after sowing, spray with EM bacterial solution diluted 600 times and wood vinegar solution diluted 800 times, and spray with rooting powder solution at a concentration of 1 g / L one week after sowing, with a spraying amount of 60 mL / m. 2 .

[0042] (3) Post-planting management: Place the moss bed under a closed shade tree and cover it with an 8-needle shade net to prevent fallen leaves from covering it. One month after sowing, spray with different concentrations of growth solutions to promote the growth of moss branches. The growth solution is prepared by mixing gibberellin, brassinolide, and thiamine and then sprayed at a rate of 60 mL / m². 2 The growth solution consisted of gibberellin (A1: 20 mg / L, A2: 40 mg / L, A3: 60 mg / L, A4: 0 mg / L), brassinolide (B1: 0.2 mg / L, B2: 0.6 mg / L, B3: 1 mg / L, B4: 0 mg / L), and thiamine (C1: 0.0002 mg / L, C2: 0.002 mg / L, C3: 0.02 mg / L, C4: 0 mg / L). Weeding and watering were performed regularly afterward. When spraying the solution to promote moss growth, five moss segments were randomly selected from each treatment, located with toothpicks, and their lengths were recorded. One month after spraying, the length of new branches was measured using calipers, and the number and length of new branches were counted. The average values ​​were calculated, and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0043] Table 2. Effects of different component and concentration solutions on the number and length of new branches in *Bryum flexurea* segments. Note: No gibberellin was added in treatment 4, no brassinolide was added in treatment 7, and no thiamine was added in treatment 10.

[0044] The results in Table 2 show that treatment 2 resulted in the highest number of new branches and the longest new branches in the *Bryum flexurea* stalks, with 5.2 new branches and a length of 13.4 mm, both of which were the highest. Therefore, the optimal composition of the solution for promoting stalk growth was gibberellin 40 mg / L, brassinolide 0.6 mg / L, and thiamine 0.002 mg / L. Furthermore, based on the number of new branches and the length of new branches in treatments 1, 2, 3, and 4, the optimal concentration of gibberellin was 40 mg / L; based on the number of new branches and the length of new branches in treatments 2, 5, 6, and 7, the optimal concentration of brassinolide was 0.6 mg / L; and based on the number of new branches and the length of new branches in treatments 2, 8, 9, and 10, the optimal concentration of thiamine was 0.002 mg / L.

[0045] Comparative Example 1 (1) Collecting moss seeds, processing moss branches, and preparing moss beds: Same as in Example 1.

[0046] (2) Planting: Spray with clean water after sowing and one week after sowing, but do not spray with EM bacterial solution, wood vinegar solution and rooting powder solution. The rest is the same as in Example 2. One month later, five moss segments were randomly selected from each treatment and washed with running water. The number of rhizoids of the moss segments was counted under a stereomicroscope and the average value was calculated. The result showed that the number of rhizoids was 11.

[0047] (3) Post-treatment management: Place the moss bed under a closed shade tree and cover it with an 8-needle shade net to prevent fallen leaves from covering it. Spray with clean water one month after sowing, but do not spray with gibberellin, brassinolide, or thiamine solution. Weed and water regularly. One month after the spraying treatment, randomly select 5 moss segments from each treatment to measure and count the number of new branches and the length of new branches (method as in Example 2), and calculate the average value. The result showed that the number of new branches was 3 and the length of new branches was 6.2 mm.

[0048] Comparative Example 2 (1) Collecting moss seeds, processing moss branches, and preparing moss beds: Same as in Example 1.

[0049] (2) Planting: Same as in Example 2.

[0050] (3) Post-planting management: Place the moss bed under a closed shade tree and cover it with an 8-needle shade net to prevent fallen leaves from covering it. One month after sowing, spray with plant growth regulators 6-benzylaminopurine solution (6-BA) (concentration 0.3 mg / L) and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid solution (2,4-D) (concentration 0.15 mg / L), at a spraying rate of 60 mL / m². 2 Regularly remove weeds and spray water. One month after the spraying treatment, five moss segments were randomly selected from each treatment to measure and count the number of new branches and the length of new branches (the method is the same as in Example 2), and the average value was calculated. The result showed that the number of new branches was 4 and the length of new branches was 9.5 mm.

[0051] The experiment of Comparative Example 1 was conducted simultaneously with the experiments of Examples 1 and 2. In Comparative Example 2, the number of new branches and the length of new branches were 4 and 9.5 mm respectively after spraying with plant growth regulators 6-benzylaminopurine solution and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid solution. Compared with Example 2, the number of new branches and the length of new branches were 5.2 and 13.4 mm respectively after spraying with gibberellin, brassinolide and thiamine solution, which was the optimal treatment for promoting the growth of moss branches. This indicates that the treatment of spraying with the optimal concentration of gibberellin, brassinolide and thiamine solution has a better promoting effect on the growth of moss branches of *Bryum flexurea*.

[0052] This invention provides an efficient method for the propagation of *Bryum flexurea*, the winter host of the gall aphid. The method covers the collection of moss seeds, treatment of moss branches, preparation of the moss bed, planting, and subsequent management. Experiments in Comparative Examples 1-2 and Examples 1 and 2 were conducted simultaneously. The number of rhizoids in Comparative Example 1 after spraying with water was 11, which is lower than the 44.5 in Example 1 after the optimal treatment of promoting rhizoid formation with EM solution, wood vinegar, and rooting powder solution. This indicates that spraying with a certain concentration of EM solution, wood vinegar, and rooting powder solution promotes and induces rhizoid formation in *Bryum flexurea* segments. The number of new branches and the length of new branches in Comparative Example 1 after spraying with water was 3, which is 6.2 mm. This is lower than the 5.2 new branches and the 13.4 mm length in Example 2 after the optimal treatment of promoting moss branch growth with gibberellin, brassinolide, and thiamine solution. This indicates that spraying with a certain concentration of gibberellin, brassinolide, and thiamine solution has a positive effect on promoting the growth of *Bryum flexurea* branches. The effect of spraying plant growth regulators 6-benzylaminopurine solution and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid solution in Comparative Example 2 was not good, indicating that spraying with the optimal concentration of gibberellin, brassinolide and thiamine solution has a better promoting effect on the growth of bryophyte branches.

[0053] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A highly efficient method for propagating the winter host moss of the gall aphid, characterized in that, The method includes applying a rhizoid-promoting treatment reagent and a growth solution to the sown winter host moss; the rhizoid-promoting treatment reagent includes individually packaged EM bacterial solution, wood vinegar solution and rooting powder solution; the growth solution consists of gibberellin 30-50 mg / L, brassinolide 0.5-0.6 mg / L and thiamine 0.001-0.003 mg / L.

2. The efficient propagation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The EM bacterial solution is diluted 500-600 times, the wood vinegar solution is diluted 700-800 times, and the rooting powder solution has a concentration of 0.8-1 g / L.

3. The efficient propagation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before sowing, the process also includes collecting moss seeds, treating moss branches, and preparing the moss bed.

4. The efficient propagation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The method of collecting moss seeds includes collecting winter host moss seeds with wax balls from the wild; the method of processing moss branches includes: manually removing other mixed mosses from the winter host moss, tearing it into moss branches and cutting it into moss segments. The process of preparing the moss bed includes: mixing loess, nutrient soil and river sand to obtain a water-retaining substrate, filling it into a turnover box, watering it thoroughly to make the water-retaining substrate have a moisture content of 50%-70%, and laying a geotextile with a thickness of 0.5-0.8cm on the surface of the water-retaining substrate; the volume ratio of the loess, nutrient soil and river sand is (1-2):(1-2):(1-2).

5. The efficient propagation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sowing method includes: cutting the stem segments of the winter host moss into fragments 0.8-1.5 cm in length, and sowing them at a concentration of 140-150 g / m³. 2 The seeding amount is evenly spread on the surface of the sowing substrate.

6. The efficient propagation method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The EM bacterial solution and the wood vinegar solution were applied on the same day after the winter host moss was sown. The application rate of the EM bacterial solution was 50-60 mL / m². 2 The application rate of the wood vinegar solution is 50-60 mL / m². 2 The rooting powder solution is applied 7-8 days after sowing the winter host moss, at a spraying rate of 50-60 mL / m². 2 ; The growth solution is applied 28-30 days after the winter host moss is sown, at a spraying rate of 50-60 mL / m². 2 .

7. The efficient propagation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After sowing, the process also includes post-planting management; the post-planting management process includes: placing the moss bed under a closed shade tree, covering it with an 8-needle shade net to block fallen leaves, avoiding leaf cover, and regularly removing weeds and spraying water.

8. The efficient propagation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The winter host moss species include *Bryophytum comosum* (…). Brachythecium reflexum ).

9. The efficient propagation method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The water-retaining substrate is piled in the turnover box in a shape that is high in the center and low at the edges, with the height difference between the highest point in the center and the lowest point at the edge being 1-1.5cm; after the water-retaining substrate is put into the turnover box, a geotextile with a thickness of 0.5-0.8cm is laid on the surface.

10. The efficient propagation method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The process of sowing also includes applying powdered nutrient soil; the powdered nutrient soil has particles of 1-2 mm and passes through a 15-16 mesh sieve.

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