Agricultural treatment method for recycling and reuse of fruit and vegetable cultivation substrate

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of fruit and vegetable cultivation, and particularly discloses an agricultural treatment method for recycling and multiplexing of fruit and vegetable cultivation substrates, which comprises the following steps: S1: after fruit and vegetable harvesting, cleaning the residual plants and sundries in the cultivation tail-end substrate, loosening the overall structure of the substrate, and then airing and drying for 2-5 days to stabilize the water content of the cultivation tail-end substrate to 15%-25%. In the present application, the combined sterilization and killing of sunlight closed exposure and low-temperature biological bacteriostatic agent is adopted, the highest environmental temperature throughout the process does not exceed 36 DEG C, and the original beneficial microorganism flora structure of the cultivation tail-end substrate is not damaged; the low-temperature biological bacteriostatic agent contains bacillus subtilis, which can be planted and proliferated in the pore of the substrate particles after spraying, and continuously inhibit the breeding of soil-borne harmful fungi and insect eggs in the subsequent planting cycle; and the present application can also kill harmful organisms such as root-knot nematode eggs, botrytis fungi and pythium fungi in the substrate, and improve the survival rate of beneficial flora such as original actinomycetes and bacillus.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fruit and vegetable cultivation technology, and in particular to an agronomic treatment method for recycling and reusing fruit and vegetable cultivation substrates. Background Technology

[0002] Coconut coir, peat moss, and compound organic cultivation substrates are the mainstream planting carriers. After a single harvest of fruits and vegetables, the substrate is generally discarded and replaced with new substrate. The existing substrate recycling process in the industry only adopts a simple treatment mode of simple high-temperature fumigation and sterilization plus a small amount of chemical fertilizer.

[0003] Existing treatment processes rely solely on high-temperature steam fumigation to sterilize the substrate. The fumigation temperature reaches over 70℃, indiscriminately killing all microorganisms within the substrate. This not only eliminates pathogenic bacteria and insect eggs but also completely inactivates the substrate's native beneficial microbial community. Beneficial microorganisms are the core carriers for substrate fertilization, micronutrient activation, and improved aggregate structure. Once the microbial community is completely inactivated, even with subsequent artificial supplementation of micronutrients, these elements cannot chelate and fix with the substrate colloids, existing only briefly in the substrate pores. Irrigation and rainwater leaching quickly lead to a large loss of micronutrients. Therefore, to address these issues, a method for recycling and reusing fruit and vegetable cultivation substrates is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing an agronomic treatment method for the recycling and reuse of fruit and vegetable cultivation substrates.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] An agronomic treatment method for recycling and reusing fruit and vegetable cultivation substrates, the method comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1: After the fruits and vegetables are harvested, clean the plant residue inside the substrate during the final stage of cultivation, loosen the overall structure of the substrate, and then spread it out to dry for 2 to 5 days to control the moisture content of the substrate during the final stage of cultivation to stabilize at 15%-25%;

[0008] S2: Crush the clumps of substrate that have formed after drying. After crushing, use a 2-5 mesh standard sieve to remove hardened soil clumps and uncomposted impurities, and retain substrate particles with uniform particle size.

[0009] S3: Spread the sieved matrix particles evenly and treat them in a sealed environment for 3 to 7 days using a combined disinfection method of sun exposure and low-temperature biological antibacterial agent spraying.

[0010] S4: Detect the basic indicators of organic matter, macro-elements, and micro-elements in the substrate particles, and add well-rotted organic fertilizer, slow-release compound fertilizer, and micro-elements according to the growth needs of the fruits and vegetables to be planted. Adjust the pH value of the substrate to 5.5-7.5, and simultaneously adjust the substrate porosity and water and fertilizer retention capacity.

[0011] S5: Carry out substrate nutrient cultivation on the prepared and conditioned substrate to promote the full integration and reaction of the added micronutrients with the substrate;

[0012] S6: After cultivation is completed, micronutrient retesting is performed. If the indicators meet the standards, proceed to S7; if the indicators do not meet the standards, return to S4 to replenish micronutrients.

[0013] S7: The qualified substrate is left to stand at room temperature for 35 days. After the standing period, a long-term trace element retention test is carried out again. If the test is qualified, the substrate can be recycled and reused. If the test is unqualified, it is returned to S5 for substrate nutrient cultivation again.

[0014] Preferably, in the substrate pretreatment at the end of S1 cultivation, plant debris includes four categories of impurities: roots, withered leaves, fallen fruits, and field weeds. The thickness of a single layer of substrate during the spreading and drying process is controlled at 12-20cm. During the drying process, the substrate at the end of cultivation is turned over twice a day, with an interval of 6-8 hours between each turn. The moisture content is tested by drying and weighing, once in the morning and once in the evening. If the moisture content is higher than 25%, the spreading and drying time is extended. If the moisture content is lower than 15%, water is added via atomization to bring it back to the standard range, so as to avoid the proliferation of soil-borne harmful fungi and insect eggs induced by high humidity.

[0015] Preferably, in the S3 low-temperature disinfection and sterilization process, the thickness of the substrate particles is controlled at 8-15cm. The greenhouse is completely sealed with a colorless, light-transmitting film for sun exposure, and the soil around the film is compacted to isolate it from the outside air. The low-temperature biological antibacterial agent is a compound bacterial solution of Bacillus subtilis. The application rate is 2.2-3L of bacterial solution per cubic meter of substrate particles. The greenhouse is sealed immediately after spraying. During the compound disinfection cycle, the daytime temperature inside the greenhouse is maintained at 28-36℃ and the nighttime temperature at 12-20℃. Only insect eggs, pathogenic fungi, and soil-borne harmful bacteria are killed, while the original beneficial microbial flora of the substrate is preserved and not inactivated throughout the process.

[0016] Preferably, the S2 grading crushing and screening uses a horizontal low-speed crusher with the crusher roller speed controlled at 25-40 r / min to avoid high-speed crushing and pulverizing the original granular structure of the matrix; the 2-5 mesh standard screen is equipped with a double-layer grading structure, the upper layer uses a 2 mesh screen to intercept large volume hardened soil clods, and the lower layer uses a 5 mesh screen to filter fine and uncomposted straw impurities, so that the particle size range of the matrix particles retained after screening is uniformly 2.8-8 mm.

[0017] Preferably, in the S4 substrate nutrient conditioning compound, the decomposed organic fertilizer is fully decomposed cow and sheep manure organic fertilizer with an organic matter content ≥45%; the slow-release compound fertilizer has a total nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content ≥42% and a release period of 120 days; the substrate pH value is adjusted by dolomite powder and sulfur powder in a two-way adjustment, adding dolomite powder when the pH is below 5.5 and adding sulfur powder when the pH is above 7.5; the substrate porosity control target is a total porosity of 60%-72% and an aeration porosity of 18%-26%.

[0018] Preferably, the S5 substrate nutrient cultivation adopts a composting and film-covered cultivation mode. The height of the substrate pile is controlled at 0.8-1.2m, and the surface is covered with a black impermeable membrane for airtight composting. The composting and cultivation cycle is 12-18 days. During the composting period, the pile is turned over every 4 days to maintain the internal moisture content of the pile at 20%-28%, ensuring that the micronutrients are fully chelated and fixed with the substrate colloids.

[0019] Preferably, the S6 trace element retest indicators include five trace elements: iron, manganese, zinc, boron, and molybdenum; the compliance thresholds for fruit and vegetable special substrates are: available iron ≥18mg / kg, available manganese ≥12mg / kg, available zinc ≥2.5mg / kg, available boron ≥0.6mg / kg, and available molybdenum ≥0.12mg / kg. If any one of the indicators is lower than the threshold, it is considered as not meeting the standard, and the process returns to S4 to supplement the corresponding trace element.

[0020] Preferably, during the static setting of the S7 matrix, the long-term trace element retention test standard is completely consistent with the S6 retest standard. If the trace element loss rate exceeds 15% after static setting, it is deemed unqualified and returned to S5 to extend the composting and cultivation cycle to 22 days.

[0021] Preferably, during the process of closed exposure to sunlight, the inside of the greenhouse film is ventilated for 30 minutes every 2 days, and then completely sealed again after the ventilation is completed; the low-temperature biological antibacterial agent is sprayed in two equal amounts, with a second spray 12 hours after the first spray to improve the uniformity of adhesion between the bacterial solution and the substrate particles.

[0022] Preferably, before the recycled substrate that has passed the S7 test is put back into fruit and vegetable planting, a sample is taken to retest the substrate pH value and organic matter content. If the organic matter content is lower than 20%, well-rotted organic fertilizer is added to supplement the organic matter to more than 25% before the substrate can be filled into the cultivation trough and planted with fruit and vegetable seedlings.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0024] 1. This invention employs a combined disinfection process of closed-loop sunlight exposure and low-temperature biological antibacterial agent. The ambient temperature throughout the process does not exceed 36°C, thus avoiding damage to the original beneficial microbial community structure of the substrate at the end of the cultivation period. The low-temperature biological antibacterial agent contains Bacillus subtilis, which can colonize and proliferate in the pores of substrate particles after spraying, continuously inhibiting the reproduction of soil-borne harmful fungi and insect eggs in subsequent planting cycles. Furthermore, this invention provides a combined disinfection of harmful organisms such as root-knot nematode eggs, gray mold, and Phytophthora in the substrate, while simultaneously increasing the survival rate of beneficial bacteria such as native actinomycetes and Bacillus, eliminating the need for additional artificial introduction of exogenous beneficial bacteria and improving substrate treatment efficiency.

[0025] 2. In this invention, the substrate nutrient cultivation and composting process involves composting the conditioned and compounded substrate for 12-18 days. This promotes the full chelation and binding of the decomposed organic fertilizer colloids with the added trace elements, preventing the trace elements from existing in the form of free ions. Combined with two tests—a preliminary screening of trace elements and a long-term retention test after 35 days of standing—only substrates with a trace element loss rate of less than 15% after standing can be identified as reusable substrates. This reduces the amount of trace element fertilizer applied before each cropping, lowers field fertilizer input, and prevents trace elements from being leached and polluting farmland groundwater with irrigation water.

[0026] 3. This invention employs low-speed crushing combined with double-layer 2-5 mesh standard sieve grading to remove large hardened soil clods, unrotted branches and other impurities, ensuring a uniform substrate particle size of 2.8-8mm and optimizing the substrate's basic granular structure and aeration porosity. After pretreatment and sieving, the substrate is free of large impurities and localized high-moisture clumps, resulting in stable aeration and water permeability. This reduces the incidence of soil-borne diseases in fruits and vegetables during cyclic planting, decreases the frequency of fungicide spraying, and lowers the risk of pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of an agronomic treatment method for recycling and reusing fruit and vegetable cultivation substrates proposed in this invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the types of plant residues in an agronomic treatment method for recycling and reusing fruit and vegetable cultivation substrates proposed in this invention.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the low-temperature disinfection and nutrient conditioning compounding of a method for recycling and reusing fruit and vegetable cultivation substrates proposed in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0031] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0032] Reference Figure 1-3 An agronomic treatment method for recycling and reusing fruit and vegetable cultivation substrates, the method comprising the following steps:

[0033] The first step is to perform substrate pretreatment at the end of the cultivation period. After the greenhouse tomatoes have been completely harvested, all the substrate from the cultivation troughs is manually removed and spread out on a flat and hardened drying ground. All plant debris is manually sorted and cleaned, removing old tomato roots, withered branches and leaves, fallen and defective tomato fruits, and mixed weeds to prevent plant debris from remaining in the substrate. The substrate is spread out on the drying ground with a single layer thickness controlled at 16cm, which is in the middle of the 12-20cm range. The substrate is thoroughly turned over twice a day, at 9:00 am and 4:00 pm, with a 7-hour interval between each turning to ensure that the moisture in the upper and lower layers of the substrate is evenly dissipated. On the first, third, and fifth days of drying, the substrate moisture content was tested using the drying and weighing method at 8:00 AM and 7:00 PM. The initial harvested substrate moisture content was 38%. After two days of drying, the moisture content dropped to 23%, reaching the standard range of 15%-25%, at which point the drying process was stopped. If the moisture content was still above 25% after five days of drying, the frequency of turning was increased to three times per day. If the moisture content dropped below 15% due to rapid drying, a small amount of water was added using a water mist sprayer to restore the moisture level. The total drying time for this batch of substrate was three days, with a final stable moisture content of 21%. This moisture content range avoids a high-humidity anaerobic environment inside the substrate, preventing the proliferation of Phytophthora infestans and root rot pathogens during the drying stage. After pretreatment, there were no visible plant debris or large clumps of water in the 120m³ substrate.

[0034] The second step involves grading, crushing, and screening. The pre-treated agglomerated matrix is ​​conveyed to a horizontal low-speed crusher, with the roller speed locked at 32 r / min for low-speed crushing. High-speed roller crushing of the matrix's original organic clumps is strictly prohibited. The crushed output is directly fed into a double-layer 2-mesh + 5-mesh standard sieve for simultaneous screening. The upper 2-mesh sieve intercepts hardened soil clumps and uncomposted coarse straw impurities larger than 8 mm in diameter, which are manually collected and removed as waste. The lower 5-mesh sieve filters out fine powder impurities with a particle size of less than 2.8 mm, which are collected separately for use as cover soil for the park's green belts, leaving only uniform matrix particles with a particle size of 2.8-8 mm. After screening, a single batch of 40 m³ of matrix yields 36.2 m³ of effective usable matrix particles, with a loss of only 9.5%, lower than the 22% matrix loss rate of existing non-screening processes. The screened matrix particles are piled up and covered with rainproof material to prevent secondary water absorption and increased moisture content, awaiting transfer to a disinfection shed for the third step of low-temperature disinfection and sterilization.

[0035] The third step involves low-temperature disinfection and sterilization. A rectangular, sealed disinfection shed is constructed, with a flat, compacted, and water-free floor. The sieved substrate particles are spread evenly inside the shed to a thickness of 12cm, ideally between 8-15cm. The entire shed is covered with a colorless, translucent film, and the edges are sealed with 20cm thick soil mounds, completely compacted to prevent air exchange between the inside and outside of the shed. A diluted solution of Bacillus subtilis low-temperature biological antibacterial agent is prepared at a ratio of 1:100 with water and stirred thoroughly. 2.6L of the solution is sprayed per cubic meter of substrate particles, applied twice in equal amounts. The first application covers the entire substrate surface, and the second application is 12 hours later to ensure the solution adheres evenly to the pores of the substrate particles. The shed is immediately sealed after spraying, initiating a 3-day combined disinfection cycle of sunlight exposure. During the disinfection period, the daytime temperature inside the shed is maintained at 30-35℃ under natural light, and the nighttime temperature is maintained at 14-18℃. Ventilation is performed for 30 minutes every 4 days, followed by immediate resealing after ventilation. After the disinfection period, the greenhouse film was removed and samples were taken for microscopic examination. Root-knot nematode eggs and gray mold spores inside the substrate were completely inactivated. The survival rate of the original beneficial microbial community in the substrate was 87%, and there was no problem of large-scale inactivation of the microbial community. This perfectly solves the defect of traditional high-temperature fumigation disinfection that destroys beneficial bacteria.

[0036] The fourth step is to condition and compound the substrate nutrients. The substrate granules, after being disinfected, are transferred to the nutrient compounding workshop. Three parallel samples are taken to test organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (macronutrients), basic micronutrients, and the original pH value of the substrate. The substrate test data for this batch of tomatoes at the end of their cultivation period are as follows: organic matter 18.2%, available nitrogen 76 mg / kg, available phosphorus 41 mg / kg, available potassium 92 mg / kg, and the original pH value of the substrate is 5.3, lower than the lower limit standard of 5.5. The available zinc and available boron micronutrients did not meet the standards. Materials are added according to the growth requirements of tomatoes: 120 kg of well-rotted organic fertilizer is added per ton of substrate to increase organic matter, and 35 kg of slow-release compound fertilizer is added to supplement nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Due to the low pH value, 6 kg of dolomite powder is added per ton of substrate to adjust the pH. Chelated zinc fertilizer and chelated boron fertilizer are added separately to supplement the missing micronutrients. After all materials were added, the large-scale turning equipment thoroughly mixed the substrate three times. After the mixture was evenly mixed, the pH value of the substrate was retested and found to be 6.6, which is within the optimal range of 5.5-7.5. The total porosity was 68% and the aeration porosity was 22%, achieving the substrate porosity control target and completing the substrate nutrient conditioning and compounding process.

[0037] The fifth step is substrate nutrient cultivation and composting. The conditioned and compounded substrate is piled into a trapezoidal shape, 1m high, 2.2m wide at the base, and 1m wide at the top. The entire surface of the pile is sealed with a black impermeable membrane for composting. The composting period is set at 15 days, with an optimal length between 12 and 18 days. During composting, the pile is turned over completely every 4 days. The internal moisture content of the pile is checked during turning and maintained within the range of 22%. If the moisture content is insufficient, a small amount of water is added via misting. If the moisture content exceeds 28%, the membrane is opened for ventilation. The core function of composting is to allow the organic matter colloids of the decomposed organic fertilizer to fully chelate and bind with the supplemented trace elements (iron, manganese, zinc, boron, molybdenum), preventing the loss of trace elements. After 15 days of composting, the impermeable membrane is removed. The substrate should have a uniform brownish-brown color, without localized white salt precipitation or acidic odor. The trace elements are stably bound to the substrate colloids, completing the nutrient cultivation process.

[0038] Step 6 involves preliminary testing of micronutrients. After composting, one mixed sample is taken from every 10 m³ of substrate for testing. For each batch of 40 m³ substrate, four parallel samples are taken to test for five indicators: available iron, available manganese, available zinc, available boron, and available molybdenum. The test results for this batch of four samples are as follows: available iron 22 mg / kg, available manganese 15 mg / kg, available zinc 3.2 mg / kg, available boron 0.75 mg / kg, and available molybdenum 0.16 mg / kg. All of these are above the limit threshold, indicating that the preliminary micronutrient test is qualified, and the batch is directly transferred to the substrate settling process. If any indicator fails to meet the standard, the entire batch of substrate is returned to step 4, and the corresponding single micronutrient fertilizer is precisely added. The mixture is then remixed and composted again for retesting until all indicators meet the standards.

[0039] Step 7 involves conducting a long-term trace element retention test on the substrate after static storage. The initially qualified substrate is transferred to an open-air, shaded storage area and stored at room temperature under natural conditions. Each layer of the stack is 25cm thick, and no water or fertilizer is added during the entire storage period, which lasts for 35 days. After the static storage period, parallel samples are taken again for long-term trace element retention testing. The testing standards are completely consistent with the retest standards, and the trace element loss rate after static storage is calculated. The test data for this batch after 35 days of static storage are: available iron 20mg / kg, available manganese 13.8mg / kg, available zinc 2.9mg / kg, available boron 0.68mg / kg, and available molybdenum 0.14mg / kg. Compared with the values ​​before static storage, the average loss rate is 9.8%, which is lower than the 15% acceptable loss threshold. Therefore, the long-term retention test is deemed qualified, and a standard reusable substrate is obtained. If the loss rate exceeds 15%, the entire batch of substrate is returned to step five, extending the composting and cultivation cycle to 22 days to enhance the chelation and fixation effect of trace elements. It can only be recycled after passing the static re-inspection.

[0040] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for the agronomical treatment of recycling and reusing fruit and vegetable cultivation substrates, characterized in that, The processing method includes the following steps: S1: After the fruits and vegetables are harvested, clean the plant residue inside the substrate during the final stage of cultivation, loosen the overall structure of the substrate, and then spread it out to dry for 2 to 5 days to control the moisture content of the substrate during the final stage of cultivation to stabilize at 15%-25%; S2: Crush the clumps of substrate that have formed after drying. After crushing, use a 2-5 mesh standard sieve to remove hardened soil clumps and uncomposted impurities, and retain substrate particles with uniform particle size. S3: Spread the sieved matrix particles evenly and treat them in a sealed environment for 3 to 7 days using a combined disinfection method of sun exposure and low-temperature biological antibacterial agent spraying. S4: Detect the basic indicators of organic matter, macro-elements, and micro-elements in the substrate particles, and add well-rotted organic fertilizer, slow-release compound fertilizer, and micro-elements according to the growth needs of the fruits and vegetables to be planted. Adjust the pH value of the substrate to 5.5-7.5, and simultaneously adjust the substrate porosity and water and fertilizer retention capacity. S5: Carry out substrate nutrient cultivation on the prepared and conditioned substrate to promote the full integration and reaction of the added micronutrients with the substrate; S6: After cultivation is completed, micronutrient retesting is performed. If the indicators meet the standards, proceed to S7; if the indicators do not meet the standards, return to S4 to replenish micronutrients. S7: The qualified substrate is left to stand at room temperature for 35 days. After the standing period, a long-term trace element retention test is carried out again. If the test is qualified, the substrate can be recycled and reused. If the test is unqualified, it is returned to S5 for substrate nutrient cultivation again.

2. The agronomic treatment method for recycling and reusing fruit and vegetable cultivation substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the S1 cultivation tail-stage substrate pretreatment, plant residues include four categories of impurities: roots, withered leaves, fallen fruits, and field weeds. The substrate spreading operation is carried out with a single layer thickness controlled at 12-20cm. During the drying process, the substrate is turned over twice a day, with an interval of 6-8 hours between each turn. The moisture content is tested using the drying and weighing method, once in the morning and once in the evening. If the moisture content is higher than 25%, the spreading time is extended. If the moisture content is lower than 15%, water is added via atomization to bring it back to the standard range, in order to avoid the high humidity environment that induces the proliferation of soil-borne harmful fungi and insect eggs.

3. The agronomic treatment method for recycling and reusing fruit and vegetable cultivation substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the S3 low-temperature disinfection and sterilization process, the thickness of the substrate particles is controlled at 8-15cm. The greenhouse is completely sealed with colorless, light-transmitting film for sun exposure, and the soil around the film is compacted to isolate it from the outside air. The low-temperature biological antibacterial agent is a compound bacterial solution of Bacillus subtilis. The application rate is 2.2-3L of bacterial solution per cubic meter of substrate particles. The greenhouse is sealed immediately after spraying. During the compound disinfection cycle, the daytime temperature inside the greenhouse is maintained at 28-36℃ and the nighttime temperature at 12-20℃. Only insect eggs, pathogenic fungi, and soil-borne harmful bacteria are killed, while the original beneficial microbial flora of the substrate is preserved and not inactivated throughout the process.

4. The agronomic treatment method for recycling and reusing fruit and vegetable cultivation substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The S2 grading crushing and screening uses a horizontal low-speed crusher with the crusher roller speed controlled at 25-40 r / min to avoid high-speed crushing and pulverizing the original granular structure of the matrix. The 2-5 mesh standard screen is equipped with a double-layer grading structure. The upper layer uses a 2 mesh screen to intercept large-volume hardened soil clods, while the lower layer uses a 5 mesh screen to filter out fine, uncomposted straw impurities. After screening, the particle size range of the remaining matrix particles is uniformly 2.8-8 mm.

5. The agronomic treatment method for recycling and reusing fruit and vegetable cultivation substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the S4 substrate nutrient conditioning compound, the well-rotted organic fertilizer is fully decomposed cow and sheep manure organic fertilizer with an organic matter content ≥45%; the slow-release compound fertilizer has a total nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content ≥42% and a release period of 120 days; the substrate pH value is adjusted by dolomite powder and sulfur powder in a two-way adjustment, adding dolomite powder when the pH is below 5.5 and adding sulfur powder when the pH is above 7.5; the substrate porosity control target is a total porosity of 60%-72% and an aeration porosity of 18%-26%.

6. The agronomic treatment method for recycling and reusing fruit and vegetable cultivation substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The S5 substrate nutrient cultivation adopts a composting and film-covered cultivation mode. The height of the substrate pile is controlled at 0.8-1.2m, and the surface is covered with a black impermeable membrane for airtight composting. The composting and cultivation cycle is 12-18 days. During the composting period, the pile is turned over every 4 days to maintain the internal moisture content of the pile at 20%-28%, ensuring that the micronutrients are fully chelated and fixed with the substrate colloids.

7. The agronomic treatment method for recycling and reusing fruit and vegetable cultivation substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The S6 trace element retest indicators include five trace elements: iron, manganese, zinc, boron, and molybdenum. The compliance thresholds for fruit and vegetable special substrates are: available iron ≥ 18 mg / kg, available manganese ≥ 12 mg / kg, available zinc ≥ 2.5 mg / kg, available boron ≥ 0.6 mg / kg, and available molybdenum ≥ 0.12 mg / kg. If any one of these indicators is below the threshold, it is considered non-compliant, and the test will return to S4 to supplement the corresponding trace element.

8. The agronomic treatment method for recycling and reusing fruit and vegetable cultivation substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, During the static setting of S7 substrate, the long-term trace element retention test standard is completely consistent with the S6 retest standard. If the trace element loss rate exceeds 15% after static setting, it is deemed unqualified and returned to S5 to extend the composting and cultivation cycle to 22 days.

9. The agronomic treatment method for recycling and reusing fruit and vegetable cultivation substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, During the process of sun exposure in a closed environment, the inside of the greenhouse film is ventilated for 30 minutes every 2 days, and then completely sealed again after ventilation. The low-temperature biological antibacterial agent is sprayed in two equal amounts, with the second spray applied 12 hours after the first application to improve the uniformity of adhesion between the bacterial solution and the substrate particles.

10. The agronomic treatment method for recycling and reusing fruit and vegetable cultivation substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before reusing recycled substrate that has passed the S7 test, samples are taken to retest the substrate's pH value and organic matter content. If the organic matter content is below 20%, well-rotted organic fertilizer is added to supplement the organic matter to above 25% before the substrate can be filled into the cultivation trough for planting fruit and vegetable seedlings.

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