Feeding nozzle, deep sea farming platform and feeding control method

Abstract

The application discloses a feeding nozzle, a deep-sea aquaculture platform and a feeding control method, and relates to the technical field of marine aquaculture. The feeding nozzle comprises a nozzle body, a plurality of shunt pipes and a plurality of guide grooves. One end of the nozzle body is a feeding end, and the other end is a discharging end. The plurality of shunt pipes are in communication with the discharging end of the nozzle body, and the axis of the shunt pipe intersects with the axis of the nozzle body. The plurality of guide grooves are arranged on the inner wall of the nozzle body, and the plurality of guide grooves correspond to the plurality of shunt pipes one by one. Each guide groove extends from the feeding end to the corresponding shunt pipe to guide the feed to the corresponding shunt pipe. After the feed is conveyed to the discharging end through the nozzle body, the feed is shunted into a plurality of jets. Each jet is emitted along the axis of the corresponding shunt pipe. Since the axis of the shunt pipe intersects with the axis of the nozzle body rather than being parallel, the plurality of jets are scattered in a spatial divergent manner, which is beneficial to expanding the effective coverage range of the feed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of marine aquaculture technology, and in particular to a feeding nozzle, a deep-sea aquaculture platform, and a feeding control method. Background Technology

[0002] In aquaculture, livestock and poultry farming, feeding nozzles are key equipment for achieving uniform feed delivery. Their structural rationality directly affects feeding efficiency, feed utilization, and the uniformity of growth of farmed animals.

[0003] In related technologies, feeding nozzles are mostly single-outlet structures. When the feeding nozzle is in use, the feed is sprayed out from a single outlet, which has a limited coverage area. This can easily lead to feed accumulation in local areas, causing some farmed animals to not eat enough and some areas to have excess feed. This not only reduces feed utilization, but may also cause water pollution (aquaculture scenario) or deterioration of the farming environment (livestock and poultry farming scenario) due to feed residue. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main objective of this invention is to propose a feeding nozzle, a deep-sea aquaculture platform, and a feeding control method, which aims to improve the feeding range of the feeding nozzle.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention proposes a feeding nozzle comprising: a nozzle body, multiple diversion pipes, and multiple guide channels. One end of the nozzle body is a feed inlet, and the other end is a discharge outlet. The multiple diversion pipes are connected to the discharge outlet of the nozzle body, and the axes of the diversion pipes intersect the axis of the nozzle body. The multiple guide channels are disposed on the inner wall of the nozzle body, and each guide channel corresponds one-to-one with a diversion pipe. Each guide channel extends from the feed inlet toward the corresponding diversion pipe to guide the feed to the corresponding diversion pipe.

[0006] In one embodiment, an opening angle θ is formed between the axis of the diverter tube and the axis of the nozzle body, and the opening angle satisfies the relationship: 15°≤θ≤60°.

[0007] In one embodiment, the inner wall of the diverter includes a first equal-diameter section and a second equal-diameter section connected sequentially from the feed end to the discharge end. The inner diameters of the first equal-diameter section and the second equal-diameter section remain constant along the axial direction, and the inner diameter of the first equal-diameter section is larger than that of the second equal-diameter section. Alternatively, the inner wall of the diverter includes a third equal-diameter section and a first tapering section connected sequentially from the feed end to the discharge end. The inner diameter of the third equal-diameter section remains constant along the axial direction, and the inner diameter of the first tapering section gradually decreases from the feed end to the discharge end. Alternatively, the inner wall of the diverter includes a fourth equal-diameter section, a second tapering section, and a fifth equal-diameter section connected sequentially from the feed end to the discharge end. The inner diameters of the fourth equal-diameter section and the fifth equal-diameter section remain constant along the axial direction, and the inner diameter of the second tapering section gradually decreases from the feed end to the discharge end. The inner diameter of the fourth equal-diameter section is larger than that of the fifth equal-diameter section.

[0008] In one embodiment, the feeding nozzle further includes a turbulence column, which is disposed on the inner wall of the nozzle body and / or the inner wall of the diversion tube.

[0009] In one embodiment, there are multiple turbulence columns, with each turbulence column located between two adjacent flow channels.

[0010] The present invention also proposes a deep-sea aquaculture platform, comprising: a feeding nozzle and a rotary drive mechanism, wherein the feeding nozzle is as described above; the rotary drive mechanism is tractively connected to the nozzle body and is used to drive the nozzle body to rotate around the axis of the nozzle body.

[0011] In one embodiment, the rotary drive mechanism includes a drive motor, a transmission assembly, and a sealed bearing. The drive motor is connected to the nozzle body via the transmission assembly, and the sealed bearing is sleeved on the outside of the nozzle body to support the nozzle body and seal it.

[0012] In one embodiment, the deep-sea aquaculture platform further includes a sensor assembly and a controller. The sensor assembly includes a density sensor for detecting fish density and a water quality sensor for detecting water quality parameters. Both the sensor assembly and the rotary drive mechanism are communicatively connected to the controller.

[0013] This invention also proposes a feeding control method applied to the aforementioned deep-sea aquaculture platform. The feeding control method includes: acquiring fish density data; determining a target feeding amount and a target feeding range based on the fish density data; determining a target feeding duration based on the target feeding amount; and determining a target rotation speed based on the target feeding range, wherein the target feeding duration is positively correlated with the target feeding amount, and the target rotation speed is positively correlated with the target feeding range; feeding is performed according to the target feeding duration, and the rotary drive mechanism is controlled to drive the nozzle body to rotate at the target rotation speed.

[0014] In one embodiment, determining the target feeding amount and target feeding range based on the fish density includes: comparing the fish density data with a preset density threshold; increasing the target feeding amount and target feeding range when the fish density data is greater than the preset density threshold; and decreasing the target feeding amount and target feeding range when the fish density data is not greater than the preset density threshold.

[0015] In the technical solution of the present invention, by means of the divergent arrangement of multiple diverter pipes at the discharge end of the nozzle body, the feed is diverted into multiple jets after being transported to the discharge end by the nozzle body. Each jet is ejected along the axial direction of the corresponding diverter pipe. Since the axis of the diverter pipe intersects with the axis of the nozzle body rather than being parallel, the multiple jets are spatially divergent, which is beneficial to expanding the effective coverage range of the feed. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding nozzle provided by the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the diverter tube included in the feeding nozzle.

[0019] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the diverter tube included in the feeding nozzle.

[0020] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the diversion tube included in the feeding nozzle.

[0021] Figure 5 A flowchart of the feeding control method provided by the present invention.

[0022] Explanation of icon numbers: 10. Feeding nozzle; 1. Nozzle body; 2. Diverter pipe; 21. First equal diameter section; 22. Second equal diameter section; 23. Third equal diameter section; 24. First tapering section; 25. Fourth equal diameter section; 26. Second tapering section; 27. Fifth equal diameter section.

[0023] The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0026] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this invention involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the use of "and / or" or "and / or" throughout the text includes three parallel solutions. For example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution where both A and B are satisfied simultaneously. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0027] This invention proposes a feeding nozzle 10.

[0028] Please see Figure 1In one embodiment of the present invention, the feeding nozzle 10 includes a nozzle body 1, a plurality of diversion pipes 2 and a plurality of guide grooves. One end of the nozzle body 1 is the feed inlet and the other end is the discharge outlet. The plurality of diversion pipes 2 are connected to the discharge outlet of the nozzle body 1, and the axis of the diversion pipes 2 intersects the axis of the nozzle body 1. The plurality of guide grooves are disposed on the inner wall of the nozzle body 1, and the plurality of guide grooves correspond one-to-one with the plurality of diversion pipes 2. Each guide groove extends from the feed inlet toward the corresponding diversion pipe 2 to guide the feed to the corresponding diversion pipe 2.

[0029] It should be understood that the nozzle body 1 can be a tubular structure with open ends, forming a feed conveying channel inside. The feed inlet end is used to connect with the upstream feed conveying pipeline (such as a pneumatic conveying pipe or a spiral conveying pipe) to receive the feed pellets fed in by the conveying system. The discharge end is used to connect with multiple branch pipes 2 to distribute and output the feed. The branch pipes 2 can be branch pipes directly formed on the discharge end of the nozzle body 1, or they can be independent pipe sections assembled to the discharge end of the nozzle body 1 by flanges, threads, or welding. Because the multiple branch pipes 2, when opened together, resemble a duck's foot, they are usually referred to in the industry as "duck's foot" branch pipes 2. The guide groove can be a strip-shaped groove recessed in the inner wall of the nozzle body 1, or it can be constructed as a guide channel surrounded by ribs on the inner wall. The extension path of each guide groove is aligned with the inlet of its corresponding branch pipe 2, thereby providing directional guidance for the feed pellets.

[0030] It should be noted that "multiple" in "multiple diversion pipes 2" should be understood as no less than two. The specific number of diversion pipes 2 can be reasonably selected according to the needs of the breeding scale, the amount of feed per feeding, and the coverage area of ​​the spreading, such as three, four, five, or six. Correspondingly, the number of guide channels should be consistent with the number of diversion pipes 2 and matched one by one. "Intersecting" in "the axis of the diversion pipe 2 intersects with the axis of the nozzle body 1" means that the extension lines of the two intersect at a point in space, rather than being parallel. The intersection point can be located near the discharge end of the nozzle body 1, or it can be located inside or outside the nozzle body 1. Those skilled in the art can choose according to the specific arrangement of the diversion pipes 2. When the guide channel extends from the feed end toward the corresponding diversion pipe 2, its extension path can be a straight line along the axis of the nozzle body 1 or a spiral line along the inner wall of the nozzle body 1, as long as it can guide the feed to the inlet of the corresponding diversion pipe 2.

[0031] It is easy to understand that the water area of ​​the net cages faced by deep-sea aquaculture platforms is large, and a single-point discharge nozzle is difficult to evenly spread the feed throughout the entire aquaculture area. With the help of multiple diversion pipes 2 arranged divergently at the discharge end of the nozzle body 1, the feed is transported to the discharge end by the nozzle body 1 and then divided into multiple jets. Each jet is ejected along the axial direction of the corresponding diversion pipe 2. Since the axis of the diversion pipe 2 intersects with the axis of the nozzle body 1 rather than being parallel, the multiple jets are spatially divergent, which helps to significantly expand the effective coverage area of ​​the feed compared to a single outlet structure. At the same time, when the feed enters the diversion pipe 2 from the nozzle body 1, it can use the kinetic energy accumulated in the conveying channel and enter the diversion pipe 2 smoothly under the directional guidance formed at the intersection of the two axes, which helps to maintain the discharge speed and feeding distance. The guide channel extends from the feed end to the discharge end to the corresponding inlet of the diversion pipe 2, so that the feed particles are pre-distributed into their respective guide channels on the inner wall of the nozzle body 1. This prevents the feed from becoming disordered, colliding with each other, or stagnating at the junction of the inner walls at the discharge end, which helps to ensure that the feed amount of each diversion pipe 2 is basically consistent. In turn, it unifies the discharge flow rate and discharge direction of each diversion pipe 2, which is beneficial to improving the uniformity of feeding and reducing the occurrence of local feed accumulation. In addition, the guide channel forms a continuous flow channel, which can reduce the flow resistance of feed in the nozzle body 1, which helps to reduce the probability of feed clumping or clogging due to obstruction and compression, and thus helps to extend the service life of the feeding nozzle 10.

[0032] In specific implementation, the nozzle body 1 can be integrally formed from 304 stainless steel or 316L stainless steel to adapt to the high salt spray and high humidity conditions in deep sea environments. The inner diameter of the nozzle body 1 can be set to 40mm-80mm, and the axial length can be set to 100mm-200mm. Four evenly distributed diversion pipes 2 are connected at the discharge end. The diversion pipes 2 are also made of the same metal pipe as the nozzle body 1 and are fixed to the nozzle body 1 by welding or flanges. Adjacent diversion pipes 2 are evenly distributed in a ring along the axis of the nozzle body 1. A guide groove is opened on the inner wall of the nozzle body 1 corresponding to the inlet position of each diversion pipe 2. The cross-section of the guide groove can be semi-circular or U-shaped, and the groove width can be set to 8mm-15mm, and the groove depth can be set to 3mm-6mm. The guide groove starts from the feed end and gradually transitions along the axis of the nozzle body 1 to the inlet of the corresponding diversion pipe 2, forming a smooth flow transition. This structure can evenly distribute feed pellets into four jet directions during feeding operations. The effective coverage radius of a single feeding is significantly expanded compared to a single-outlet nozzle of the same specification, and the discharge volume of each diversion pipe 2 is basically balanced.

[0033] Please see Figure 1 In an embodiment of the present invention, an opening angle θ is formed between the axis of the diverter 2 and the axis of the nozzle body 1, and θ satisfies the relationship: 15°≤θ≤60°.

[0034] It is easy to understand that the size of the opening angle θ directly affects the feed spreading range and the energy loss of the feed when it enters the diversion pipe 2 from the nozzle body 1. If the opening angle θ is too small (e.g., less than 15°), the multiple diversion pipes 2 are distributed almost parallel to the axis of the nozzle body 1, and the scattering range of the feed after it is sprayed from the diversion pipes 2 is small, making it difficult to fully utilize the advantage of the multiple diversion pipes 2 to expand the coverage area. If the opening angle θ is too large (e.g., greater than 60°), the direction of the feed when it enters the diversion pipe 2 from the nozzle body 1 needs to undergo a large change, resulting in greater loss of transport kinetic energy. This will adversely affect the discharge speed and feeding distance, and feed particles are prone to collision and accumulation at the inlet of the diversion pipe 2. Controlling the opening angle θ within the range of 15° to 60° ensures that the change in direction of the feed when it enters the diversion pipe 2 from the nozzle body 1 is within a controllable energy loss range, allowing the feed particles to obtain sufficient ejection speed and range by utilizing their own transport kinetic energy, while also forming a suitable divergence angle to match the spreading coverage area required by deep-sea aquaculture cages.

[0035] Please see Figures 2-4 In an embodiment of the present invention, the inner wall of the diversion pipe 2 includes a first equal-diameter section 21 and a second equal-diameter section 22 connected sequentially from the feed end to the discharge end. The inner diameters of the first equal-diameter section 21 and the second equal-diameter section 22 remain constant along the axial direction, and the inner diameter of the first equal-diameter section 21 is larger than the inner diameter of the second equal-diameter section 22; or the inner wall of the diversion pipe 2 includes a third equal-diameter section 23 and a first tapering section 24 connected sequentially from the feed end to the discharge end. The inner diameter of the third equal-diameter section 23 is larger than the inner diameter of the second equal-diameter section 22. The diameter remains constant along the axial direction, and the inner diameter of the first tapering section 24 gradually decreases from the feed end to the discharge end; or the inner wall of the diverter 2 includes a fourth equal diameter section 25, a second tapering section 26, and a fifth equal diameter section 27 connected sequentially from the feed end to the discharge end. The inner diameters of the fourth equal diameter section 25 and the fifth equal diameter section 27 remain constant along the axial direction, the inner diameter of the second tapering section 26 gradually decreases from the feed end to the discharge end, and the inner diameter of the fourth equal diameter section 25 is greater than the inner diameter of the fifth equal diameter section 27.

[0036] Please see Figure 2 The first configuration can be that the inner wall of the diversion pipe 2 is formed by two equal-diameter cavities connected in a stepped manner along the axial direction. The section near the feed end is the first equal-diameter section 21, and the section near the discharge end is the second equal-diameter section 22. The first equal-diameter section 21 and the second equal-diameter section 22 maintain their respective inner diameters within their axial lengths, and the inner diameter of the first equal-diameter section 21 is larger than the inner diameter of the second equal-diameter section 22, so that the diversion pipe 2 as a whole has an inner cavity structure with a stepped transition from a large-diameter cavity to a small-diameter cavity.

[0037] Please see Figure 3The second configuration can be a structure in which the inner wall of the diverter 2 is formed by a section of equal-diameter cavity and a section of tapering cavity connected sequentially along the axial direction. The section near the feed end is the third equal-diameter section 23, whose inner diameter remains unchanged along the axial direction. The section near the discharge end is the first tapering section 24, whose inner diameter continuously decreases from the inlet of the first tapering section 24 to the outlet of the first tapering section 24, so that the diverter 2 as a whole has an inner cavity structure of "straight cylinder at the front and tapering at the rear".

[0038] Please see Figure 4 The third configuration can be a structure in which the inner wall of the diverter 2 is formed by two equal-diameter cavities and a middle tapering cavity connected sequentially along the axial direction. The section near the feed end is the fourth equal-diameter section 25, and the section near the discharge end is the fifth equal-diameter section 27. The inner diameters of the fourth equal-diameter section 25 and the fifth equal-diameter section 27 remain unchanged along the axial direction. The second tapering section 26 is connected between the fourth equal-diameter section 25 and the fifth equal-diameter section 27. Its inner diameter decreases continuously from the inlet of the second tapering section 26 to the outlet of the second tapering section 26. The inner diameter of the fourth equal-diameter section 25 is basically the same as the inlet inner diameter of the second tapering section 26, and the inner diameter of the fifth equal-diameter section 27 is basically the same as the outlet inner diameter of the second tapering section 26. This makes the diverter 2 have an overall internal cavity structure of "front straight cylinder - middle tapering - rear straight cylinder", and the inner diameter of the fourth equal-diameter section 25 is larger than the inner diameter of the fifth equal-diameter section 27.

[0039] It should be noted that the three inner wall structures of the diversion pipe 2 can be selected according to the particle size, density of the feed pellets and the target feeding distance. It is not required that multiple diversion pipes 2 on the same feeding nozzle 10 must all adopt the same inner wall structure. In the first configuration, the step transition between the first equal diameter section 21 and the second equal diameter section 22; in the second configuration, the section change where the third equal diameter section 23 connects with the first tapering section 24; and in the third configuration, the section change where the fourth equal diameter section 25 connects with the second tapering section 26 and the second tapering section 26 connects with the fifth equal diameter section 27, should all be smoothly transitioned using arcs or slopes to avoid forming sharp edges on the inner wall of the diversion pipe 2 that would obstruct feed flow. The axial length of each equal diameter section (i.e., the first equal diameter section 21 to the fifth equal diameter section 27), the axial length of each tapering section (i.e., the first tapering section 24 and the second tapering section 26), and their tapering slopes can be reasonably set by those skilled in the art according to the specific tapering ratio and the required discharge speed, and there are no fixed restrictions; the inner wall tapering form of the first tapering section 24 and the second tapering section 26 can be linear tapering or nonlinear tapering to match different acceleration requirements.

[0040] It is easy to understand that the geometry of the inner wall of the diversion pipe 2 determines the flow acceleration characteristics of feed particles within the diversion pipe 2 and the stability of the discharge jet. The three configurations can be used for different application scenarios: For the first configuration, a stepped equal-diameter section 21 and a second equal-diameter section 22 are connected. The feed first flows stably at a low speed in the larger-diameter first equal-diameter section 21. Upon entering the smaller-diameter second equal-diameter section 22, it experiences a velocity jump due to the sudden narrowing of the flow cross-section. Subsequently, it is ejected towards the discharge end at a relatively stable speed in the second equal-diameter section 22. During this process, the first equal-diameter section 21 can stabilize and buffer the feed from the nozzle body 1, allowing the feed to enter the second equal-diameter section 22 with a stable posture. The second equal-diameter section 22, on the other hand, provides rectification for the accelerated feed jet, making the jet direction more concentrated. This configuration has a relatively simple processing technology and is suitable for applications with larger particle sizes and where processing costs are more sensitive. For the second configuration, a third equal-diameter section 23 and a first tapering section 24 are sequentially connected. The feed is first guided and stabilized within the third equal-diameter section 23, then enters the first tapering section 24. The feed is gradually accelerated by the continuous contraction of the flow cross-section, and finally ejected from the outlet end of the first tapering section 24. The third equal-diameter section 23 guides and stabilizes the feed, ensuring it enters the first tapering section 24 in a stable state. The first tapering section 24, through continuous tapering, provides sustained acceleration to the feed, resulting in a relatively high ejection velocity at the outlet end. This helps increase the feeding distance and is suitable for scenarios with large net cage areas and requiring long-distance feeding. The third configuration employs a three-section structure consisting of a fourth constant-diameter section 25, a second tapering section 26, and a fifth constant-diameter section 27, which simultaneously provide pressure stabilization, acceleration, and rectification. The fourth constant-diameter section 25 stabilizes and guides the feed from the nozzle body 1, ensuring it enters the second tapering section 26 in a stable state. The second tapering section 26 continuously accelerates the feed through its converging cross-section, gradually increasing its velocity. The fifth constant-diameter section 27 then rectifyes the accelerated feed jet, making its direction more focused and its trajectory more stable. The sequential connection and synergistic effect of these three sections improves the jet's directionality and landing accuracy, making it suitable for scenarios requiring high precision in feeding.

[0041] In an embodiment of the present invention, the feeding nozzle 10 further includes a turbulence column, which is disposed on the inner wall of the nozzle body 1 and / or the inner wall of the diversion pipe 2.

[0042] It should be understood that the turbulence column can be a columnar protrusion protruding from the inner wall, or it can be constructed as a hemispherical, prismatic, or wing-shaped protrusion. Its function is to disturb the feed particles and the fluid they carry in the feed conveying channel, thereby disrupting their stable wall-attached flow state.

[0043] It should be noted that the expression "and / or" means that the turbulence column can be set only on the inner wall of the nozzle body 1, or only on the inner wall of the diversion pipe 2, or simultaneously on the inner walls of both the nozzle body 1 and the diversion pipe 2. Those skilled in the art can freely choose the arrangement position according to the actual turbulence requirements and feed flow characteristics. The specific number of turbulence columns can be one, two, or more, i.e., satisfying N≥1. Multiple turbulence columns can be arranged axially, circumferentially, or staggered.

[0044] It is easy to understand that during the conveying of feed within the nozzle body 1 and the diversion pipe 2, the feed particles near the wall have a lower flow velocity due to the influence of the boundary layer on the pipe wall. Furthermore, some fine feed powder tends to adhere and accumulate on the wall, potentially leading to feed agglomeration or even localized blockages after prolonged use. By installing turbulence columns on the inner wall, localized disturbances can be created along the feed flow path, breaking the stable state of the boundary layer and causing slight lateral mixing of feed particles within the channel. This prevents particles from adhering to the wall and facilitates the separation of feed powder from the pipe wall, thereby reducing the probability of feed adhesion and agglomeration within the pipeline. Simultaneously, the disturbance also helps to make the distribution of feed particles more uniform before discharge, improving the particle density distribution within the jet cross-section.

[0045] In specific implementation, four baffle columns can be evenly distributed circumferentially on the inner wall of the nozzle body 1. These baffle columns are hemispherical protrusions with a height of 2mm to 4mm and a radius of 3mm to 5mm, positioned axially between the feed inlet and the starting position of the guide channel. One or two prismatic baffle columns can also be placed at the midpoint of the axial direction on the inner wall of the diversion pipe 2. The prismatic columns have an axial length of 5mm to 8mm and a protrusion height of 1mm to 2mm from the inner wall. In this embodiment, the height of each baffle column does not exceed 1 / 10 of the radial dimension of the channel, achieving a baffle effect without significantly increasing the feed conveying resistance.

[0046] In an embodiment of the present invention, there are multiple turbulence columns, and each turbulence column is located between two adjacent guide channels.

[0047] It should be understood that "between two adjacent guide channels" can be the non-guided area between two adjacent guide channels on the inner circumferential direction of the nozzle body 1, and the turbulence column is located in the non-guided area and is staggered from the guide channels.

[0048] It should be noted that the positional relationship between the baffle columns and the guide channels on the inner wall of the nozzle body 1 in the circumferential direction can be strictly symmetrical, for example, the guide channels and baffle columns can be alternately distributed in the circumferential direction, with the baffle columns located at the midline of the angle between two adjacent guide channels; or they can be arranged asymmetrically, but each baffle column does not spatially overlap with any guide channel. Only one baffle column can be set between the same pair of adjacent guide channels, or multiple baffle columns can be set sequentially along the axial direction.

[0049] It is easy to understand that the guide channel is responsible for directing feed to the corresponding branch pipe 2. If the turbulence column is placed inside the guide channel, it will disrupt the guiding effect of the guide channel on the feed, causing the feed to become disordered and stagnant within the guide channel. By placing the turbulence column in the non-guided area between two adjacent guide channels, the turbulence column only acts on the small amount of feed particles and fluid not collected by the guide channel, disturbing them and preventing feed powder from adhering and accumulating in this area. At the same time, the guiding function of the guide channel itself is not affected by the turbulence column, which helps to maintain the stability and balance of the feed rate in each branch pipe 2. This positional design allows the turbulence and guiding functions to work synergistically without interference, further improving the orderliness of feed flow inside the nozzle.

[0050] In specific implementation, four circumferentially distributed guide grooves are arranged on the inner wall of the nozzle body 1, with an angle of 90° between adjacent guide grooves. A hemispherical baffle column is arranged on the inner wall of the nozzle body 1 at the midpoint of the angle between each pair of adjacent guide grooves (i.e., 45° away from any guide groove in the circumferential direction). A total of four baffle columns are arranged on the inner wall of the entire nozzle body 1. The baffle columns and guide grooves are alternately distributed at a 45° angle in the circumferential direction. The protrusion height of the hemispherical baffle column can be set to 3mm, and the radius can be set to 4mm. In this embodiment, the guide grooves are responsible for the directional distribution of the four feed streams, while the baffle columns disturb the flow attached to the wall in the four non-guided sections. The two perform their respective functions and work together to ensure the uniformity and smoothness of the feed flow.

[0051] This invention also proposes a deep-sea aquaculture platform, which includes a feeding nozzle 10 and a rotary drive mechanism. The specific structure of the feeding nozzle 10 is as described in the above embodiments. Since this deep-sea aquaculture platform adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, and will not be described in detail here. The rotary drive mechanism is connected to the nozzle body 1 for transmission, and is used to drive the nozzle body 1 to rotate around the axis of the nozzle body 1.

[0052] It is easy to understand that the arrangement of multiple diversion pipes 2 has expanded the instantaneous spreading coverage of feed at the static level. However, relying solely on the divergent arrangement of the diversion pipes 2 can only form a fan-shaped jet cross-section with a limited angle. By using a rotary drive mechanism to drive the nozzle body 1 to rotate around its own axis, the jet direction of the multiple diversion pipes 2 rotates synchronously in the circumferential direction. The coverage area of ​​the multiple jets sweeps over time to form a complete annular or circular coverage area, so that the feed can be spread more evenly within a 360° range around the nozzle. This helps to fully cover different water areas within the net cage, further improves the uniformity of feeding, and ensures that the cultured organisms in each area can obtain feed more evenly.

[0053] In an embodiment of the present invention, the rotary drive mechanism includes a drive motor, a transmission assembly, and a sealed bearing. The drive motor is connected to the nozzle body 1 via the transmission assembly, and the sealed bearing is sleeved on the outside of the nozzle body 1 to support the nozzle body 1 and seal the nozzle body 1.

[0054] It should be understood that the drive motor can be a DC motor, AC motor, or stepper motor, or it can be configured as a servo motor; the transmission component can be a gear pair, or it can be a mechanical transmission component such as a pulley set, sprocket set, or coupling; the sealed bearing can be a rolling bearing with a sealing ring, or it can be a support component with waterproof sealing performance such as a double-layer sealed bearing with built-in waterproof grease.

[0055] It should be noted that the specific type of transmission component can be reasonably selected by those skilled in the art based on the transmission ratio, installation space, and transmission smoothness requirements. The sealing rating of the sealed bearing should meet the waterproof and salt spray prevention requirements under deep-sea aquaculture conditions; for example, a sealed bearing with a protection rating of not less than IP67 can be selected. "The sealed bearing is sleeved on the outside of the nozzle body 1" means that the inner ring of the sealed bearing is interference-fitted or keyed to the outer wall of the nozzle body 1, the outer ring of the sealed bearing is fixed to the platform mounting bracket, and the inner and outer rings are isolated from external moisture by a sealing ring.

[0056] It is easy to understand that the harsh environment of deep-sea operations, with nozzle body 1 exposed to seawater and salt spray for extended periods, makes the waterproof sealing of the transmission mechanism crucial for ensuring stable equipment operation. By using a drive motor to output torque to nozzle body 1 via the transmission assembly, the transmission ratio and speed can be flexibly adjusted, providing stable and controllable rotational drive for nozzle body 1. The sealed bearing simultaneously performs both support and sealing functions. On one hand, it provides radial and axial support to the rotating nozzle body 1, ensuring its smooth rotation around its axis. On the other hand, the sealing ring prevents seawater from entering the gap between the outer wall of nozzle body 1 and the mounting support, avoiding seawater seeping along the outer wall of nozzle body 1 into the motor, electrical control, and other components inside the platform. This helps improve the reliability of the equipment in deep-sea conditions and extends the equipment's maintenance cycle.

[0057] In specific implementation, the drive motor can be a stepper motor with an IP68 protection rating and a rated power of 60W to 120W. The transmission component adopts a pair of externally meshing cylindrical spur gears. The driving gear is mounted on the output shaft of the drive motor, and the driven gear is fixed to the outer wall of the feed end of the nozzle body 1. The transmission ratio is set to 1:3, so that the rated speed of the nozzle body 1 can be adjusted within the range of 3rpm to 30rpm. The sealing bearing can be a double-seal deep groove ball bearing with an IP67 protection rating. The inner ring of the bearing is interference-fitted with the outer wall of the nozzle body 1 and is axially limited by a retaining ring. The outer ring is bolted to the support of the platform feeding tower. During use, the nozzle body 1 can rotate smoothly under the support of the sealing bearing, and the sealing ring of the sealing bearing can effectively prevent seawater and salt spray from penetrating, providing reliable protection for the internal transmission structure.

[0058] In an embodiment of the present invention, the deep-sea aquaculture platform further includes a sensor assembly and a controller. The sensor assembly includes a density detection sensor for detecting fish density and a water quality sensor for detecting water quality parameters. Both the sensor assembly and the rotary drive mechanism are communicatively connected to the controller.

[0059] It should be understood that the density detection sensor can be an underwater sonar sensor, or it can be constructed as a composite detection unit consisting of an underwater camera and an image recognition module, used to obtain information on the distribution density of fish in different areas within the net cage; the water quality sensor can be a water quality monitor integrating multiple parameters such as dissolved oxygen probes, pH probes, salinity probes, and temperature probes. The controller can be a microcontroller, a PLC (programmable logic controller), or it can be constructed as an embedded microprocessor unit or other processing device capable of executing instructions.

[0060] It should be noted that "communication connection" can be either a wired connection using cables or signal lines, or a wireless connection using wireless communication modules (such as LoRa, ZigBee, 4G / 5G, etc.). Those skilled in the art can choose the appropriate connection based on the wiring conditions and communication distance of the deep-sea platform. The specific types of water quality parameters can be selected according to the needs of the actual aquaculture species and are not limited to the items listed above. The communication connection between the controller and the sensor components and rotary drive mechanism should establish a complete information link from sensor data acquisition to control command output.

[0061] It's easy to understand that traditional feeding nozzles 10 operate with fixed parameters, making it difficult to dynamically adjust based on the real-time distribution of the farmed fish and water conditions. By using density sensors to acquire real-time fish density data and water quality sensors to acquire water quality parameter data, and transmitting the collected data to a controller, the controller analyzes and determines the data before sending corresponding control commands to the rotary drive mechanism. This allows the operating parameters of the rotary drive mechanism, such as rotation speed and operating time, to be adjusted according to the actual distribution of the fish and the water conditions. This closed-loop control architecture of "sensing-decision-execution" helps to match feeding behavior with the current farming situation in real time, avoiding localized overfeeding or underfeeding caused by uniform feeding. This helps improve feed utilization and reduce the negative impact of uneaten feed on the aquatic environment.

[0062] Please see Figure 5 The present invention also proposes a feeding control method, applied to the aforementioned deep-sea aquaculture platform, the feeding control method comprising: Step S1: Obtain fish density data; Step S2: Determine the target feeding amount and target feeding range based on the fish density data; Step S3: Determine the target feeding time based on the target feeding amount, and determine the target rotation speed based on the target feeding range. The target feeding time is positively correlated with the target feeding amount, and the target rotation speed is positively correlated with the target feeding range. Step S4: Feed is delivered according to the target feeding time, and the rotary drive mechanism is controlled to drive the nozzle body 1 to rotate at the target speed.

[0063] It should be understood that "fish density data" can be the number of fish per unit water volume, the number of fish per unit area of ​​water, or it can be constructed as a density level value obtained by quantification based on sonar echoes or image recognition; "target feeding amount" can be the mass or volume of feed required for a single feeding; "target feeding range" can be the spreading coverage radius centered on the feeding nozzle 10, or it can be the spreading coverage area; "positive correlation" means that the two variables change in the same direction, that is, when the target feeding amount increases, the target feeding time increases accordingly, and when the target feeding range expands, the target rotation speed increases accordingly. Specifically, the faster the rotation speed of the nozzle body 1, the greater the centrifugal force, the greater the centrifugal force when the feed is sprayed out, and the wider the spreading range, and vice versa.

[0064] It should be noted that fish density data can be periodically read from the density detection sensor by the controller. The reading cycle can be set by those skilled in the art according to the activity rhythm and real-time requirements of the farmed species, such as once per minute or once before each feeding. The conversion relationship between the target feeding amount and the target feeding duration can be pre-calibrated in conjunction with the rated feed flow rate of the feed delivery system; the conversion relationship between the target feeding range and the target rotation speed can be pre-calibrated in conjunction with parameters such as the opening angle of the diverter pipe, the discharge speed, and the height of the nozzle above the water surface, and the corresponding lookup table or conversion function is written into the controller.

[0065] It is easy to understand that the net cages of deep-sea aquaculture platforms are large, and the distribution of fish within the cages is not completely uniform. Simply feeding according to fixed parameters is insufficient to meet the feeding needs under different distribution conditions. After the controller obtains fish density data from the density detection sensor, it determines the corresponding target feeding amount and target feeding range based on this data: the target feeding amount determines the total amount of feed required for this feeding, and the target feeding range determines the area of ​​water surface that the feed should cover. Since the feeding nozzle 10 controls the total amount of feed by multiplying the feed delivery system's flow rate by the target feeding duration, the target feeding duration is calculated from the target feeding amount; since the feeding nozzle 10 adjusts the sweeping coverage of the multi-splitter 2 jet by rotating the nozzle body 1, the target rotation speed is calculated from the target feeding range. After determining the target feeding time and target rotation speed, the controller controls the feed delivery system to continuously supply feed according to the target feeding time, and controls the rotary drive mechanism to drive the nozzle body 1 to rotate at the target rotation speed. The two work together to achieve a two-dimensional match between the total amount of feed and the coverage area. This helps to ensure that the feed is distributed in both quantity and space to match the actual distribution of the fish population, which helps to improve feed utilization and reduce the risk of uneaten feed remaining in the water.

[0066] In practice, the controller can collect fish density data from the density detection sensor every 30 seconds. When the collected fish density is 25 fish / m³, based on the preset density-feeding parameter mapping relationship, the controller determines the target feeding amount to be 3 kg and the target feeding range to be a circular area with a radius of 4 m. Furthermore, the controller, combined with the rated feed flow rate of the feed delivery system (0.05 kg / s), calculates the target feeding duration to be 60 s; and, using a pre-calibrated "feeding radius-rotation speed" reference table, determines the target rotation speed to be 15 rpm. The controller synchronously outputs commands: to continuously feed the feed delivery system for 60 seconds and to drive the rotary drive mechanism to rotate the nozzle body 1 at 15 rpm for 60 seconds, with both starting and stopping synchronously. During this feeding process, the jet from the multi-splitter tube 2 of the nozzle sweeps and forms a covering circle with a radius of approximately 4 m as the nozzle body 1 rotates, and the 3 kg of feed is relatively evenly distributed within this covering circle area within 60 seconds.

[0067] In embodiments of the present invention, determining the target feeding amount and target feeding range based on fish density includes: Step S21: Compare the fish density data with the preset density threshold; Step S22: When the fish density data is greater than the preset density threshold, increase the target feeding amount and the target feeding range; Step S23: When the fish density data is not greater than the preset density threshold, reduce the target feeding amount and the target feeding range.

[0068] It should be understood that the "preset density threshold" can be a standard fish density level obtained based on historical aquaculture data statistics, or it can be constructed as a judgment benchmark value calculated based on the aquaculture species, fish age stage, and cage volume. It serves as the dividing line for determining whether the feeding parameters need to be adjusted upwards or downwards. "Increasing" and "decreasing" are relative to the previous feeding parameters or the preset basic feeding parameters, and are not an absolute accumulation of values.

[0069] It should be noted that the preset density threshold can be a single fixed value, or it can be set to multiple gradient values ​​(e.g., thresholds for low density, medium density, and high density) to form a more refined strategy for adjusting the target feeding amount and target feeding range. "Greater than" indicates a strict inequality relationship, while "not greater than" includes both equal to and less than conditions. Those skilled in the art can write corresponding conditional branch statements according to this judgment relationship during programming implementation. The preset density threshold can be pre-written by the controller before operation, or it can be modified by the operator through the host computer interface during use according to changes in the breeding stage.

[0070] It's easy to understand that fish density directly reflects the number of cultured organisms gathered in a certain area of ​​the net cage. When the fish density exceeds a preset threshold, it means there are many cultured organisms in that area, requiring a larger total amount of feed and covering a wider water surface. Therefore, the target feeding amount and target feeding range should be increased simultaneously to ensure that the dense fish receive a sufficient and widely distributed feed supply. When the fish density is below the preset threshold, it means there are fewer cultured organisms in that area. If the feeding parameters are still applied to dense fish, it will result in excess feed that settles and forms uneaten food. Therefore, the target feeding amount and target feeding range should be reduced simultaneously to match the feed supply with the actual feeding needs. This threshold-based branching adjustment strategy allows the feeding parameters to be dynamically adapted according to the actual changes in fish density, which is beneficial for improving feed utilization and helps reduce the risk of water pollution due to uneaten food accumulation.

[0071] In practice, the preset density threshold can be set to 20 fish / m³, corresponding to a basic feeding amount of 2kg and a basic feeding range of a circular area with a radius of 3m. When the fish density data collected in a certain instance is 28 fish / m³, which is greater than the preset density threshold, the controller adjusts the target feeding amount to 3kg and the target feeding range to a radius of 4.5m according to a preset magnification ratio (e.g., 1.5 times). When the fish density data collected in a certain instance is 15 fish / m³, which is not greater than the preset density threshold, the controller adjusts the target feeding amount to 1.4kg and the target feeding range to a radius of 2.1m according to a preset reduction ratio (e.g., 0.7 times). Based on this, the controller further generates the corresponding target feeding duration and target rotation speed, and controls the feed delivery system and the rotary drive mechanism to coordinate and execute the feeding according to the adjusted parameters, thereby adapting the feeding parameters to the real-time fish density status.

[0072] The above are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the patent of the present invention. All equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings under the technical concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A feeding nozzle, characterized in that, include: The nozzle body has one end as the feed end and the other end as the discharge end. Multiple flow dividers are connected to the discharge end of the nozzle body, and the axis of the flow dividers intersects the axis of the nozzle body. as well as, Multiple guide channels are provided on the inner wall of the nozzle body. Each guide channel corresponds to a multiple diversion pipe. Each guide channel extends from the feed end toward the corresponding diversion pipe to guide the feed to the corresponding diversion pipe.

2. The feeding nozzle as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The axis of the diverter tube and the axis of the nozzle body form an opening angle θ, which satisfies the relationship: 15°≤θ≤60°.

3. The feeding nozzle as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the diversion pipe includes a first equal-diameter section and a second equal-diameter section connected sequentially from the feed end to the discharge end. The inner diameters of the first and second equal-diameter sections remain constant along the axial direction, and the inner diameter of the first equal-diameter section is larger than the inner diameter of the second equal-diameter section; or, The inner wall of the diversion pipe includes a third constant-diameter section and a first tapering section connected sequentially from the feed end to the discharge end. The inner diameter of the third constant-diameter section remains constant along the axial direction, and the inner diameter of the first tapering section gradually decreases from the feed end to the discharge end; or, The inner wall of the diversion pipe includes a fourth equal diameter section, a second tapering section, and a fifth equal diameter section connected sequentially from the feed end to the discharge end. The inner diameters of the fourth equal diameter section and the fifth equal diameter section remain constant along the axial direction. The inner diameter of the second tapering section gradually decreases from the feed end to the discharge end. The inner diameter of the fourth equal diameter section is larger than that of the fifth equal diameter section.

4. The feeding nozzle as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding nozzle also includes a turbulence column, which is disposed on the inner wall of the nozzle body and / or the inner wall of the diversion pipe.

5. The feeding nozzle as described in claim 4, characterized in that, There are multiple turbulence columns, and each turbulence column is located between two adjacent flow channels.

6. A deep-sea aquaculture platform, characterized in that, include: A feeding nozzle, wherein the feeding nozzle is the feeding nozzle as described in any one of claims 1 to 5; A rotary drive mechanism is connected to the nozzle body for driving the nozzle body to rotate around its axis.

7. The deep-sea aquaculture platform as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The rotary drive mechanism includes a drive motor, a transmission assembly, and a sealed bearing. The drive motor is connected to the nozzle body via the transmission assembly. The sealed bearing is sleeved on the outside of the nozzle body to support the nozzle body and seal it.

8. The deep-sea aquaculture platform as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The deep-sea aquaculture platform also includes sensor components and a controller. The sensor components include a density detection sensor for detecting fish density and a water quality sensor for detecting water quality parameters. Both the sensor assembly and the rotary drive mechanism are communicatively connected to the controller.

9. A feeding control method, applied to the deep-sea aquaculture platform as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The feeding control method includes: Obtain fish density data; The target feeding amount and target feeding range are determined based on the fish density data. The target feeding duration is determined based on the target feeding amount, and the target rotation speed is determined based on the target feeding range, wherein the target feeding duration is positively correlated with the target feeding amount, and the target rotation speed is positively correlated with the target feeding range; Feed is delivered according to the target feeding time, and the rotary drive mechanism is controlled to drive the nozzle body to rotate at the target speed.

10. The feeding control method as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The step of determining the target feeding amount and target feeding range based on the fish density includes: The fish density data is compared with a preset density threshold. When the fish density data is greater than the preset density threshold, increase the target feeding amount and the target feeding range; When the fish density data is not greater than the preset density threshold, the target feeding amount and the target feeding range are reduced.

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