Multiple plant protein powder for regulating blood lipid, controlling weight and maintaining colon flora homeostasis and application

Abstract

The application provides multiple plant protein powder for regulating lipid, controlling weight and maintaining colon flora homeostasis and application, and belongs to the technical field of food processing, nutrition health and functional food. The multiple plant protein powder contains the following components in percentage by mass: 85-95% of soybean protein isolate, 1-5% of rice protein, 0.5-3% of wheat hydrolyzed protein, 1-6% of pea protein, 0-2% of membrane separation casein, 0.5-1.5% of hydrolyzed whey protein, 0.2-1.0% of concentrated whey protein and 0.5-1.5% of separated whey protein. The multiple plant protein powder of the application takes soybean protein isolate as the main protein skeleton, combines rice protein, wheat hydrolyzed protein and pea protein, and further combines a small amount of polymorphic milk protein to form multiple-source composite protein powder. The multiple plant protein powder can improve the release of free essential amino acids and functional active peptide segments in the in-vitro simulation of the gastrointestinal digestion process, and regulate the flora structure and metabolic direction in the colon fermentation stage, which is beneficial to lipid metabolism management, weight control, blood pressure health maintenance and colon flora homeostasis maintenance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of food processing, nutrition and health, and functional food technology, specifically to multiple plant protein powders and their applications for regulating lipids, controlling weight, and maintaining colonic flora homeostasis. Background Technology

[0002] Existing protein powder products on the market mainly include soy protein blends with whey protein, whey protein blends with vitamins and minerals, and blends of multiple animal and plant proteins. For lipid metabolism management, weight control, and maintaining colonic flora homeostasis, evaluations of existing products often focus on total protein content, flavor, or a single fortification indicator, lacking a systematic comparison of the continuous relationship between natural amino acid composition, amino acid release during gastric digestion, bioactive peptide formation, and colonic fermentation metabolism.

[0003] For complex protein systems, proteins from different sources differ in their natural amino acid composition, protease cleavage sites, and colonic fermentation substrate characteristics. Single plant proteins typically suffer from insufficient sulfur-containing amino acids and limited release of free amino acids during gastric digestion; while single whey proteins have a high quality of natural essential amino acids, their product structure is relatively simple, making it difficult to reflect the complementary advantages between plant proteins.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a compound protein powder with multiple plant proteins as the core and supplemented with a small amount of multi-form milk protein. By comparing it with soy protein compounded with whey protein and other whey protein products, we can clarify its comprehensive advantages in terms of natural amino acid quality, release of free amino acids during gastric and intestinal digestion, formation of functional peptides, and regulation of colonic flora. This will provide a nutritional intervention solution for people with high blood lipids, weight management needs, and high protein diet-related colonic metabolic burden. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-functional plant protein powder and its applications for regulating lipids, controlling weight, and maintaining colonic flora homeostasis, in order to solve the technical problems of existing protein powders, such as unbalanced natural amino acid composition, insufficient release of essential amino acids during gastric digestion, poor composition of functional peptides, and unclear control of branched-chain fatty acids and enrichment direction of specific bacterial groups during colonic fermentation.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a multi-plant protein powder that regulates lipids, controls weight, and maintains the homeostasis of colonic flora is provided, comprising the following components by mass percentage: 85-95% soy protein isolate, 1-5% rice protein, 0.5-3% hydrolyzed wheat protein, 1-6% pea protein, 0-2% membrane isolated casein, 0.5-1.5% hydrolyzed whey protein, 0.2-1.0% whey protein concentrate, and 0.5-1.5% whey protein isolate.

[0007] Preferably, the content of soy protein isolate is 88-93%, the content of rice protein is 1.5-3%, the content of hydrolyzed wheat protein is 0.8-1.5%, and the content of pea protein is 2-4%.

[0008] Preferably, the multi-plant protein powder is a synergistic compound system of animal and plant proteins, with multi-plant proteins as the core and supplemented with multi-form whey protein and membrane-separated casein.

[0009] Preferably, the multiple plant protein powder exhibits a high level of essential amino acid release during in vitro simulated gastric digestion.

[0010] The present invention also provides the application of the multi-plant protein powder described in any of the above-mentioned methods for regulating lipids, controlling weight, and maintaining colonic flora homeostasis in improving the ability of functional peptides to form during in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion.

[0011] This invention also provides the application of the multi-plant protein powder described in any of the above-mentioned methods for regulating lipids, controlling weight, and maintaining colonic flora homeostasis in improving the abundance of potentially functional active peptides with ACE inhibitory activity, pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity, DPP-IV inhibitory activity, α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, and / or renin inhibitory activity.

[0012] The present invention also provides the application of the multi-plant protein powder described in any of the above-mentioned methods for regulating lipids, controlling weight, and maintaining colonic flora homeostasis in regulating the structure of colonic fermentative flora and reducing the production levels of isobutyric acid and / or valerate.

[0013] This invention also provides the application of the multi-plant protein powder described in any of the above-mentioned methods for regulating lipids, controlling weight, and maintaining colonic flora homeostasis in lipid metabolism management, weight management, blood pressure health maintenance, and nutritional interventions related to colonic flora homeostasis.

[0014] This invention also provides the application of the multi-plant protein powder described above for regulating lipids, controlling weight, and maintaining colonic flora homeostasis in the preparation of nutritional foods, functional solid beverages, sports nutrition foods, meal replacement foods, weight management foods, lipid management-oriented nutritional foods, or colonic flora homeostasis-oriented nutritional foods.

[0015] This invention provides a multi-plant protein powder and its applications for regulating lipid metabolism, controlling weight, and maintaining colonic flora homeostasis. The multi-plant protein powder uses soy protein isolate as the main protein backbone, combined with rice protein, hydrolyzed wheat protein, and pea protein, and further blended with small amounts of hydrolyzed whey protein, whey protein concentrate, whey protein isolate, and membrane-isolated casein to form a multi-source complex protein powder. This multi-plant protein powder can enhance the release of free essential amino acids and functionally active peptides during in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion, and regulate the structure and metabolic direction of the gut microbiota during colonic fermentation, which is beneficial for lipid metabolism management, weight control, maintaining healthy blood pressure, and maintaining colonic flora homeostasis.

[0016] Compared with commercially available soy protein blends with whey protein and other whey protein products, the multi-plant protein powder of this invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The quality of natural amino acids has been improved. The Lys score of Example 1 reached 1.34 and the EAAI (essential amino acid index) reached 1.50. Based on multiple plant proteins and synergistically compounded with a small amount of milk protein, it was significantly better than the soybean protein-dominated control samples of Comparative Examples 1-4.

[0017] (2) The release of free essential amino acids during the gastric digestion stage was optimized. In Example 1, the free EAAI (essential amino acid index) reached 5.13 in the simulated gastric digestion stage, which was significantly better than the soybean protein-dominated control samples in Comparative Examples 1-4, indicating that a small amount of multi-form milk protein helps to improve the release of available amino acids in the upper digestive tract.

[0018] (3) The ability to form functional peptides is enhanced. The proportion of active peptides in the gastrointestinal digestive stage of Example 1 reached 11.44%, and potential functional peptides with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition, dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibition, pancreatic lipase inhibition, and α-glucosidase inhibition and renin inhibition were detected, indicating that it is more suitable for nutritional interventions related to blood pressure health maintenance, lipid metabolism management and weight management.

[0019] (4) The direction of colonic glycolysis metabolism was optimized. In Example 1, the levels of isobutyric acid and valerate production were low in in vitro colonic glycolysis, and Tannerellaceae (Tannaceae) and Parabacteroides The more pronounced enrichment of (Parabacteroides) indicates that the formulation of the multiple plant protein powder in Example 1 is more conducive to reducing the burden of colonic putrefactive fermentation associated with a high-protein diet and maintaining colonic flora homeostasis.

[0020] The multi-plant protein powder of the present invention achieves synergistic advantages in the continuous chain of effects of "natural amino acid composition - amino acid release during gastric digestion - functional peptide formation - changes in colonic flora and metabolites" by complementing amino acids, digestive sites and colonic fermentation substrates among multiple plant proteins, and by optimizing the release characteristics during gastric digestion with a small amount of multi-form milk protein. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects to be solved by this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Unless otherwise specified, the methods used in this invention are conventional methods; the raw materials and apparatus used, unless otherwise specified, are conventional commercially available products.

[0022] To verify the reliability of the effectiveness of the present invention, the present invention will be described below with reference to Examples 1-5, and compared with Comparative Examples 1-4.

[0023] (I) Multiple plant protein powders and their preparation methods Example 1 This embodiment provides a multi-plant protein powder that regulates lipids, controls weight, and maintains colonic flora homeostasis. By mass percentage, it contains the following components: 91% soy protein isolate, 2% rice protein, 1% hydrolyzed wheat protein, 3% pea protein, 0.5% membrane-isolated casein, 1% hydrolyzed whey protein, 0.5% whey protein concentrate, and 1% whey protein isolate.

[0024] This embodiment also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned multiple plant protein powder, including the following steps: Soy protein isolate, rice protein, hydrolyzed wheat protein, pea protein, membrane-isolated casein, hydrolyzed whey protein, whey protein concentrate, and whey protein isolate are mixed evenly to obtain a mixed protein powder, which is a multi-plant protein powder.

[0025] Example 2 This embodiment provides a multi-plant protein powder that regulates lipids, controls weight, and maintains colonic flora homeostasis. By mass percentage, it contains the following components: 85% soy protein isolate, 5% rice protein, 3% hydrolyzed wheat protein, 5.8% pea protein, 0% membrane-isolated casein, 0.5% hydrolyzed whey protein, 0.2% whey protein concentrate, and 0.5% whey protein isolate.

[0026] The preparation method of the multiple plant protein powder in this embodiment is as described in Example 1.

[0027] Example 3 This embodiment provides a multi-plant protein powder that regulates lipids, controls weight, and maintains colonic flora homeostasis. By mass percentage, it contains the following components: 90% soy protein isolate, 1% rice protein, 1% hydrolyzed wheat protein, 2% pea protein, 2% membrane-isolated casein, 1.5% hydrolyzed whey protein, 1% whey protein concentrate, and 1.5% whey protein isolate.

[0028] The preparation method of the multiple plant protein powder in this embodiment is as described in Example 1.

[0029] Example 4 This embodiment provides a multi-plant protein powder that regulates lipids, controls weight, and maintains colonic flora homeostasis. By mass percentage, it contains the following components: 95% soy protein isolate, 1% rice protein, 0.5% hydrolyzed wheat protein, 1% pea protein, 0.5% membrane-isolated casein, 1% hydrolyzed whey protein, 0.5% whey protein concentrate, and 0.5% whey protein isolate.

[0030] The preparation method of the multiple plant protein powder in this embodiment is as described in Example 1.

[0031] Example 5 This embodiment provides a multi-plant protein powder that regulates lipids, controls weight, and maintains colonic flora homeostasis. By mass percentage, it contains the following components: 85% soy protein isolate, 3% rice protein, 2% hydrolyzed wheat protein, 6% pea protein, 1% membrane-isolated casein, 1% hydrolyzed whey protein, 1% whey protein concentrate, and 1% whey protein isolate.

[0032] The preparation method of the multiple plant protein powder in this embodiment is as described in Example 1.

[0033] Comparative Example 1 This comparative example provides a multi-plant protein powder, which, by mass percentage, contains the following components: 99.9988% soy protein isolate and 0.0012% whey protein concentrate.

[0034] The preparation method of the multiple plant protein powder in this embodiment is as described in Example 1.

[0035] Comparative Example 2 This comparative example provides a multi-plant protein powder, which, by mass percentage, contains the following components: 90.50% soy protein isolate, 9.20% whey protein concentrate, and 0.30% milk powder.

[0036] The preparation method of the multiple plant protein powder in this embodiment is as described in Example 1.

[0037] Comparative Example 3 This comparative example provides a multi-plant protein powder, which, by mass percentage, contains the following components: 99.00% soy protein isolate and 1.00% whey protein.

[0038] The preparation method of the multiple plant protein powder in this embodiment is as described in Example 1.

[0039] Comparative Example 4 This comparative example provides a multi-plant protein powder, which, by mass percentage, contains the following components: 98.70% soy protein isolate and 1.30% milk powder.

[0040] The preparation method of the multiple plant protein powder in this embodiment is as described in Example 1.

[0041] In Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-4 above, soy protein isolate, rice protein, hydrolyzed wheat protein, pea protein, membrane-isolated casein, hydrolyzed whey protein, whey protein concentrate, whey protein isolate, milk powder, and whey protein are all conventional commercially available products that can be purchased directly from the market.

[0042] (II) Effects of Multiple Plant Protein Powders Examples 1 and Comparative Examples 1-4 cover three typical protein powder types most relevant to the technical effects of this invention: soy protein blended with whey protein, whey protein, and multiple animal and plant proteins. By comparing the differences among different products in terms of natural amino acid composition, the amount of essential amino acids released during gastric and intestinal digestion, functional peptide formation, volatile fatty acid production during colonic fermentation, and gut microbiota regulation, the technical aspects of Example 1 are supported.

[0043] The classification, names, and formulation information of the multiple plant protein powders in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-4 are shown in Table 1.

[0044] Table 1. Classification, name, and formulation information of the multiple plant protein powders in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-4.

[0045] To verify the effectiveness of the present invention, the multiplex plant protein powders of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-4 were subjected to index testing below. The test indicators included natural amino acid composition, release of essential amino acids simulating gastric and gastrointestinal digestion stages, number and molecular weight distribution of peptides, proportion of bioactive peptides, volatile fatty acids from colonic fermentation, and microbial community composition.

[0046] Experimental Example 1: Composition of Natural Amino Acids Detection Method: The amino acid composition of the multiplex plant protein powders in Examples 1 and Comparative Examples 1-4 was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Specifically, the protein powder samples were hydrolyzed, with conventional amino acids hydrolyzed using hydrochloric acid and tryptophan hydrolyzed using alkaline methods to improve the integrity of amino acid detection. After appropriate processing, the hydrolyzed samples were separated and detected using HPLC, and quantitative analysis was performed using amino acid standards. Based on the content of each essential amino acid, and referring to the WHO / FAO recommended essential amino acid reference model, the Essential Amino Acid Score (EAAS), Essential Amino Acid Index (EAAI), Essential Amino Acid Ratio (EAA%), and Branched-Chain Amino Acid Ratio (BCAA%) were calculated.

[0047] The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0048] Table 2 Composition and Quality Indicators of Natural Amino Acids

[0049] As shown in Table 2, all nine essential amino acids were detected in the multiple plant protein powders of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-4. Compared with Comparative Examples 1-4, Example 1, while maintaining the plant protein as the main component, achieved a Lysine score of 1.34 and an EAAI (Essential Amino Acid Index) of 1.50. This indicates that the multiple plant protein powder of Example 1, through the blending of soy protein isolate, rice protein, hydrolyzed wheat protein, and pea protein, supplemented with a small amount of multi-form milk protein (hydrolyzed whey protein, whey protein concentrate, whey protein isolate, and membrane-isolated casein), has a good amino acid complementarity effect and can effectively improve the natural amino acid balance.

[0050] Experiment Example 2: Simulating the release of essential amino acids during gastric and gastrointestinal digestion. Detection Method: An in vitro dynamic gastrointestinal digestion system was used to simulate the digestion of the multiplex plant protein powders from Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-4, and the release level of free essential amino acids in the digestion products was determined. Specifically, simulated saliva, simulated gastric juice, and simulated intestinal juice were prepared according to the simulated human digestive environment. The protein powder samples were added to the simulated saliva system to maintain a consistent protein content. The system was then placed in the in vitro dynamic gastrointestinal digestion system and subjected to simulated gastric and gastrointestinal digestion at 37°C. During digestion, the pH of the system was adjusted using acid and alkali solutions to simulate the gastrointestinal digestive environment. After digestion, the gastric and gastrointestinal digestion products were collected, and the reaction was immediately terminated by ice bath. Undigested protein was precipitated with trichloroacetic acid, centrifuged, and the supernatant was collected. After filtration, the free amino acid content was detected by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and the free essential amino acid score (EAAS) and essential amino acid index (EAAI) were further calculated.

[0051] The test results are shown in Tables 3 and 4.

[0052] Table 3. Indicators of free essential amino acid release during simulated gastric digestion.

[0053] As shown in Table 3, all nine essential amino acids were detectable in the multi-plant protein powders of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-4 during the simulated gastric digestion stage. Compared with Comparative Examples 1-4, Example 1 showed outstanding performance with a free EAAI (Essential Amino Acid Index) of 5.13 during the gastric digestion stage, and also performed better in His (histidine), Thr (threonine), Leu (leucine), Lys (lysine), and Trp (tryptophan) indicators. This indicates that the multi-plant protein powder of Example 1 is more suitable as a formulation emphasizing rapid release and functional peptide precursor generation during the gastric digestion stage.

[0054] Table 4. Indicators of free essential amino acid release during simulated gastrointestinal digestion.

[0055] As shown in Table 4, all nine essential amino acids were detected in the multiple plant protein powders of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-4 during the simulated gastrointestinal digestion stage. Compared with Comparative Examples 1-4, the free EAAI (essential amino acid index) of Example 1 was 19.37 during the gastrointestinal digestion stage. Although it was not the highest, it showed a more balanced release characteristic, which provides a basis for the subsequent formation of bioactive peptides and the regulation of colonic fermentation.

[0056] Experimental Example 3: Number of peptides, molecular weight distribution, and proportion of bioactive peptides Detection Method: Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS / MS) was used to perform peptidomics analysis on the simulated gastric and gastrointestinal digestion products of the multiplex plant protein powders in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-4. Specifically, after centrifugation of the digestion products, the supernatant was collected, filtered through a molecular weight cutoff ultrafiltration membrane, and low molecular weight peptide fractions were collected. The samples were then desalted, concentrated, and reconstituted, and filtered again before LC-MS / MS detection. The obtained mass spectrometry data were used to identify peptides using proteomics analysis software and compared with relevant databases for whey protein, soy protein, rice protein, wheat protein, pea protein, and casein. Based on the identification results, the number and molecular weight distribution of peptides were statistically analyzed, and the proportion and functional types of potentially bioactive peptides in the digestion products were further analyzed using an active peptide prediction database.

[0057] The test results are shown in Tables 5-7.

[0058] Table 5. Number of peptides, molecular weight distribution, and proportion of active peptides

[0059] As shown in Table 5, compared with Comparative Examples 1-4, Example 1 showed the highest proportion of active peptides at 11.44% during the gastrointestinal digestion stage, which is superior to Comparative Examples 1-4. This indicates that the formulation of the multiple plant protein powder in Example 1 emphasizes the enrichment of active peptides and the formation of functional peptides.

[0060] Table 6. The top five peptides most likely to be bioactive in gastric digestion products.

[0061] Table 7. The top five peptides most likely to have biological activity in gastrointestinal digestive products.

[0062] As shown in Tables 6 and 7, the functional profiles of the bioactive peptides in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-4 reveal significant differences in the simulated gastric and gastrointestinal digestion processes. Example 1 released potential bioactive peptides related to ACE inhibition, DPP-IV inhibition, antioxidant activity, and metabolic regulation during both gastric and gastrointestinal digestion stages. The gastric digestion stage further demonstrated pancreatic lipase inhibition, indicating that different combinations of raw materials can form distinctive bioactive peptide functional profiles.

[0063] Compared with Comparative Examples 1-4, the multi-plant protein powder of Example 1 is more representative in terms of active peptide release and functional targeting. Its proportion of active peptides after gastrointestinal digestion reaches 11.44%, and the representative active peptides exhibit inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme, dipeptidyl peptidase IV, and pancreatic lipase, accompanied by a trend towards inhibition of α-glucosidase and renin. Therefore, it is more suitable for nutritional interventions related to maintaining healthy blood pressure, lipid metabolism management, and weight management.

[0064] Experimental Example 4: Colonic fermentation of volatile fatty acids and bacterial flora composition Detection Methods: The colonic fermentation characteristics of the gastrointestinal digestion products of the multiple plant protein powder in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-4 were evaluated using an in vitro dynamic colonic fermentation system, and the volatile fatty acid content and microbial composition of the fermentation products were detected. Specifically, the gastrointestinal digestion products of the multiple plant protein powder were used as colonic fermentation substrates and added to an in vitro dynamic colonic fermentation system containing colonic culture medium and fecal inoculum for fermentation under anaerobic conditions. During fermentation, the pH, temperature, and peristalsis mode were adjusted by an automatic control system to simulate the human colonic environment. After fermentation, the fermentation products were collected. One portion of the samples was centrifuged, filtered, and the contents of volatile fatty acids such as acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, isobutyric acid, isovaleric acid, and valeric acid were determined by gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID). Another portion of the samples was used to extract total microbial DNA, which was amplified by PCR, sequenced, and analyzed by bioinformatics to obtain the microbial composition at the phylum, family, and genus levels. All tests were performed in parallel replicates, and the results are expressed as mean or mean ± standard deviation.

[0065] The test results are shown in Tables 8-11.

[0066] Table 8 Results of volatile fatty acids from colonic fermentation

[0067] As shown in Table 8, the digestion products of the multiple plant protein powders in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-4 all maintained a certain level of acetic acid and propionic acid production, but the different formulations showed significant differences in the control of branched-chain fatty acids. The isobutyric acid and valeric acid in Example 1 were reduced to 9.24±0.29 mg / L and 17.70±0.33 mg / L, respectively, which were the lowest among Examples 1 and Comparative Examples 1-4, indicating that the multiple plant protein powder in Example 1 was more conducive to reducing excessive protein putrefaction fermentation.

[0068] Table 9. Composition of the original microbiota at the colonic phylum level (%)

[0069] Table 10. Composition of the original microbiota at the colonic fermentation level (%)

[0070] Table 11 Composition of the original microbiota at the level of colonic fermentation (%)

[0071] As shown in Tables 9-11, the original microbiota data at the phylum, family, and genus levels of colonic fermentation further reinforce the differentiated characteristics of Example 1. At the phylum level, Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-4 all... Bacteroidota (Bacteroidetes) Bacillota (Firmwallis) and Verrucomicrobiota (Verrucous microbes) is the dominant phylum. At the scientific level, Example 1... Tannerellaceae (Tannaceae) showed a relatively high abundance of 26.26%. At the genus level, Example 1... Parabacteroides The relative abundance of *Pseudomonas* reached 26.26% and remained high. Gemmiger (Blastomycetes) and Bifidobacterium (Bifidobacterium) ratio.

[0072] Compared with Comparative Examples 1-4, the multi-plant protein powder of Example 1 is more conducive to the formation of a metabolic environment characterized by enrichment of Parabacterium and low branched-chain fatty acids during colonic fermentation, thereby supporting lipid metabolism management, weight control and colonic homeostasis maintenance.

[0073] The results of comprehensive functional active peptides, colonic fermentation volatile fatty acids and microbial composition show that the multi-plant protein powder of Example 1 exhibits the following technical characteristics: First, the quality of natural amino acids is superior; second, the release of free essential amino acids during gastric digestion is faster; third, the ability to form active peptides during gastrointestinal digestion is outstanding; and fourth, the control effect on isobutyric acid and valeric acid during colonic fermentation is good.

[0074] Based on the aforementioned technical effects, the multi-plant protein powder of this invention is helpful for lipid metabolism management, weight management, blood pressure health maintenance, and nutritional interventions related to colonic flora homeostasis. It can be used in the development of nutritional foods, sports nutrition foods, meal replacement foods, and colonic flora homeostasis-oriented nutritional foods.

[0075] Table 12 Formulation characteristics, functional advantages and application directions of Example 1

[0076] This invention, through a controlled design using Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-4, demonstrates that the synergistic compounding system of multiple plant proteins and a small amount of multi-form milk proteins exhibits continuous synergistic advantages in terms of natural amino acid composition, release of free amino acids during gastric digestion, formation of active peptides, and regulation of colonic flora and metabolites. Table 12 further summarizes the differentiated advantages of Example 1 in terms of formulation structure, amino acid composition, active peptide composition, changes in colonic flora, and application directions. Specifically, Example 1 is more suitable for nutritional interventions aimed at maintaining healthy blood pressure, managing lipid metabolism, managing weight, and reducing the burden of colonic putrefactive fermentation associated with high-protein diets.

[0077] (III) Application of Multiple Plant Protein Powders This invention also provides applications of the multi-plant protein powder prepared in Examples 1-5 for lipid regulation, weight control, and maintaining colonic flora homeostasis. These applications include improving the ability of functional peptides to form during in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion; increasing the abundance of potentially functional active peptides with ACE inhibitory activity, pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity, DPP-IV inhibitory activity, α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, and / or renin inhibitory activity; regulating the structure of colonic glycolytic flora and reducing the production levels of isobutyric acid and / or valerate; lipid metabolism management, weight management, blood pressure health maintenance, and colonic flora homeostasis-related nutritional interventions; and applications in the preparation of nutritional foods, functional solid beverages, sports nutrition foods, meal replacement foods, weight management foods, lipid management-oriented nutritional foods, or colonic flora homeostasis-oriented nutritional foods.

[0078] In summary, this invention provides a multi-plant protein powder and its applications for regulating lipids, controlling weight, and maintaining colonic flora homeostasis. The multi-plant protein powder uses soy protein isolate as the main protein backbone, combined with rice protein, hydrolyzed wheat protein, and pea protein, and further blended with small amounts of hydrolyzed whey protein, whey protein concentrate, whey protein isolate, and membrane-isolated casein to form a multi-source complex protein powder. This multi-plant protein powder can enhance the release of free essential amino acids and functionally active peptides during in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion, and regulate the flora structure and metabolic direction during colonic fermentation, which is beneficial for lipid metabolism management, weight control, maintaining healthy blood pressure, and maintaining colonic flora homeostasis.

[0079] Compared with commercially available soy protein blends with whey protein and whey protein products, the multi-plant protein powder of this invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The quality of natural amino acids has been improved. The Lys score of Example 1 reached 1.34 and the EAAI (essential amino acid index) reached 1.50. Based on multiple plant proteins and synergistically compounded with a small amount of milk protein, it was significantly better than the soybean protein-dominated control samples of Comparative Examples 1-4.

[0080] (2) The release of free essential amino acids during the gastric digestion stage was optimized. In Example 1, the free EAAI (essential amino acid index) reached 5.13 in the simulated gastric digestion stage, which was significantly better than the soybean protein-dominated control samples in Comparative Examples 1-4, indicating that a small amount of multi-form milk protein helps to improve the release of available amino acids in the upper digestive tract.

[0081] (3) The ability to form functional peptides is enhanced. The proportion of active peptides in the gastrointestinal digestive stage of Example 1 reached 11.44%, and potential functional peptides with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition, dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibition, pancreatic lipase inhibition, and α-glucosidase inhibition and renin inhibition were detected, indicating that it is more suitable for nutritional interventions related to blood pressure health maintenance, lipid metabolism management and weight management.

[0082] (4) The direction of colonic glycolysis metabolism was optimized. In Example 1, the levels of isobutyric acid and valeric acid production were low in in vitro colonic glycolysis, and Tannerellaceae (Tannaceae) and Parabacteroides The more pronounced enrichment of (Parabacteroides) indicates that the formulation of the multiple plant protein powder in Example 1 is more conducive to reducing the burden of colonic putrefactive fermentation associated with a high-protein diet and maintaining colonic flora homeostasis.

[0083] The multi-plant protein powder of the present invention achieves synergistic advantages in the continuous chain of effects of "natural amino acid composition - amino acid release during gastric digestion - functional peptide formation - changes in colonic flora and metabolites" by complementing amino acids, digestive sites and colonic fermentation substrates among multiple plant proteins, and by optimizing the release characteristics during gastric digestion with a small amount of multi-form milk protein.

[0084] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A multi-plant protein powder that regulates lipids, controls weight, and maintains colonic flora homeostasis, characterized in that: By weight percentage, it contains the following components: 85-95% soy protein isolate, 1-5% rice protein, 0.5-3% hydrolyzed wheat protein, 1-6% pea protein, 0-2% casein isolate, 0.5-1.5% hydrolyzed whey protein, 0.2-1.0% whey protein concentrate, and 0.5-1.5% whey protein isolate.

2. The multi-plant protein powder for regulating lipids, controlling weight, and maintaining colonic flora homeostasis according to claim 1, characterized in that, The content of soy protein isolate is 88-93%, the content of rice protein is 1.5-3%, the content of hydrolyzed wheat protein is 0.8-1.5%, and the content of pea protein is 2-4%.

3. The multi-plant protein powder for regulating lipids, controlling weight, and maintaining colonic flora homeostasis according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The multi-plant protein powder is a synergistic compound system of animal and plant proteins, with multi-plant proteins as the core and supplemented by multi-form whey protein and membrane-separated casein.

4. The multi-plant protein powder for regulating lipids, controlling weight, and maintaining colonic flora homeostasis according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The multiple plant protein powder exhibits a high level of essential amino acid release during in vitro simulated gastric digestion.

5. The application of the multi-plant protein powder for regulating lipids, controlling weight and maintaining colonic flora homeostasis as described in any one of claims 1-3 in improving the ability of functional peptides to form during in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion.

6. The use of the multi-plant protein powder for regulating lipids, controlling weight, and maintaining colonic flora homeostasis as described in any one of claims 1-3 in increasing the abundance of potentially functional active peptides with ACE inhibitory activity, pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity, DPP-IV inhibitory activity, α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, and / or renin inhibitory activity.

7. The application of the multi-plant protein powder for regulating lipids, controlling weight, and maintaining colonic flora homeostasis as described in any one of claims 1-3 in regulating the structure of colonic fermentative flora and reducing the production levels of isobutyric acid and / or valerate.

8. The application of the multi-plant protein powder for regulating lipids, controlling weight and maintaining colonic flora homeostasis as described in any one of claims 1-3 in lipid metabolism management, weight management, blood pressure health maintenance and nutritional interventions related to colonic flora homeostasis.

9. The application of the multi-plant protein powder for regulating lipids, controlling weight and maintaining colonic flora homeostasis as described in any one of claims 1-3 in the preparation of nutritional foods, functional solid beverages, sports nutrition foods, meal replacement foods, weight management foods, lipid management-oriented nutritional foods or colonic flora homeostasis-oriented nutritional foods.

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