A cardiovascular risk early warning system under ambulatory blood pressure monitoring

Abstract

The application provides a cardiovascular risk early warning system under dynamic blood pressure monitoring, comprising a pressure measuring cuff, a gas pressure transmitter, an inflation pump, an electric control exhaust valve, a multi-axis attitude sensing element and a main control operation board. When the body position is turned over or the current time is in the preset night sleep period and the preset scheduling period is triggered, the main control operation board intercepts the initial pressure measuring instruction, controls the inflation until the internal static pressure of the pressure measuring cuff reaches the preset non-invasive exploration threshold and controls the electric control exhaust valve to perform mechanical locking to build a constant volume closed gas chamber; during the maintenance of the gas chamber, the absolute pressure drop amplitude and the differential change gradient between the adjacent micro-motion wave peaks and micro-motion wave troughs in the same heart cycle are continuously extracted; when the gradient is reduced and converges into the preset resting tolerance band, it is determined that the vascular tension is in the physical compensation stable period, and then the electric control exhaust valve is controlled to release the mechanical locking and release the initial pressure measuring instruction or directly cancel the pressure measuring task. The transient physiological fluctuation interference is reduced and the night monitoring experience is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, and in particular to a cardiovascular risk early warning system under dynamic blood pressure monitoring. Background Technology

[0002] Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring devices play a routine role in the acquisition of cardiovascular physiological parameters. Most existing devices periodically activate the inflation pump to inflate the cuff at set time intervals, thereby obtaining the systolic and diastolic blood pressure values ​​of the subject at different times throughout the day. This electromechanical control mechanism, which is triggered at fixed frequencies, can provide continuous reference data on blood pressure evolution when the subject is in a stable resting state.

[0003] In everyday home activities, patients undergo positional transitions, such as changing from lying down to standing. During these transitions, the body typically relies on the sympathetic nervous system and peripheral vascular autoregulation mechanisms for hemodynamic redistribution. Within this compensatory regulatory window triggered by positional changes, peripheral resistance vessels experience unstable physical compliance fluctuations. If the system were to perform routine inflation measurements directly according to predetermined timed control commands, the resulting instantaneous stress blood pressure readings might deviate from the subject's true baseline level.

[0004] When timed inflation is performed continuously during nighttime sleep, the mechanical noise from the air pump and the pressure exerted by the cuff on the limbs create external physical stimuli. These physical inflation actions may trigger defensive reflexes in some users' nervous systems, thereby altering the resting cardiovascular rhythm during sleep to some extent. Furthermore, the warning thresholds of conventional devices are often fixed and uniform parameters. When matched with patients with different underlying cardiovascular conditions, the basis for warning judgment may not accurately reflect the user's actual physiological tolerance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a cardiovascular risk early warning system under dynamic blood pressure monitoring, in order to solve the technical problems of existing conventional dynamic blood pressure monitoring equipment being easily interfered with by transient vascular fluctuations caused by changes in body position when performing timed blood pressure measurement tasks, and the mechanical inflation action at night easily triggering nerve reflexes, as well as the difficulty in adapting to individual physiological differences when using a uniform early warning threshold.

[0006] This invention provides a cardiovascular risk early warning system under dynamic blood pressure monitoring, including a blood pressure cuff, a pressure transmitter, an inflation pump, an electrically controlled exhaust valve, a multi-axis attitude sensor, and a main control computing board; The pressure-measuring cuff, the pressure transmitter, the air pump, and the electrically controlled exhaust valve are connected by pipelines to form a closed pressure space; the main control computing board is communicatively connected to the pressure transmitter, the air pump, the electrically controlled exhaust valve, and the multi-axis attitude sensor. The main control computing board is used to drive the air pump and the electronically controlled exhaust valve to perform blood pressure measurement tasks according to a preset scheduling cycle, and output a warning signal when the obtained systolic or diastolic blood pressure exceeds a preset risk warning line; When the multi-axis attitude sensor detects a patient's body position turning motion, or when the current time falls within a preset nighttime sleep period and triggers the preset scheduling cycle, the main control computing board intercepts the initial pressure measurement command and controls the inflation pump to continuously inflate the pressure measurement cuff until the internal static pressure of the pressure measurement cuff reaches a preset non-invasive probing threshold. Then, it controls the electronically controlled exhaust valve to mechanically lock to construct a constant-volume sealed air chamber. The preset non-invasive probing threshold is configured to be lower than a preset historical diastolic pressure baseline to ensure that distal arterial blood flow remains unobstructed. During the maintenance of the constant-volume sealed air chamber, the main control computing board uses the pressure transmitter to continuously extract the absolute pressure drop amplitude between adjacent micro-wave peaks and micro-wave troughs within the same cardiac cycle caused by arterial blood ejection impact. The main control computing board obtains the differential change gradient between adjacent absolute pressure drop values ​​based on the absolute pressure drop amplitude. When multiple consecutive differential change gradients show a shrinking convergence and fall within a preset resting tolerance zone used to define the tendency of vascular tension fine-tuning to balance, it is determined that the peripheral resistance vascular tension is in a physical compensation stable period. At this time, if the interception is due to the detection of the body position turning action, the main control computing board controls the electronically controlled exhaust valve to release the mechanical lock and release the initial pressure measurement command. If the interception is due to the current time being within the preset nighttime sleep period and triggering the preset scheduling cycle, the blood pressure measurement task is directly canceled.

[0007] Optionally, the fluid dynamics timing of the main control computing board driving the air pump and the electronically controlled exhaust valve to perform the blood pressure measurement task includes: Keep the electronically controlled exhaust valve closed, output the target drive power to the air pump, and cause the air pressure inside the pressure cuff to rise to a higher than the preset expected high pressure peak; Then, a linear drive voltage is output to the electronically controlled exhaust valve to perform a depressurization and venting action at the target depressurization rate; During the depressurization and venting process, the pressure transmitter is used to capture the pulse oscillation envelope profile superimposed on the slowly decreasing static pressure. The mean arterial pressure characteristic of the heart is obtained from the maximum amplitude point of the pulse oscillation envelope contour, and the systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure are calculated by combining the pre-fixed envelope feature ratio.

[0008] Optionally, the cardiovascular risk early warning system further includes a non-volatile storage module and local read-only memory; the main control board is equipped with dynamic defense update logic. Read the basic medical records and age stratification tags specific to the target monitoring object from the non-volatile storage module; Based on the basic medical records and the age stratification labels, the matching risk threshold values ​​are extracted from the medical comparison matrix mapped in the local read-only memory. The system's default alarm limit is dynamically overridden using the aforementioned critical danger value, thereby generating the preset risk warning line applicable to the current situation. The systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure are compared with the preset risk warning line to serve as the objective basis for outputting the warning signal.

[0009] Optionally, the cardiovascular risk warning system further includes a housing, and a built-in wireless radio frequency module, a piezoelectric buzzer, and a multi-color warning light assembly, all electrically connected to the main control board; the underlying electromechanical feedback action for outputting the warning signal includes: When the systolic blood pressure or the diastolic blood pressure exceeds the preset risk warning line applicable for the current time, the built-in wireless radio frequency module is invoked to send a data packet carrying the patient's identification code to the remote nursing base station; The piezoelectric buzzer device installed on the surface of the housing is activated synchronously to output a high-frequency warning sound and drive the multi-color warning light assembly to perform a high-frequency red flashing.

[0010] Optionally, the specific fault-tolerant judgment logic for the main control computing board to determine that vascular tension is in a stable period of physical compensation is as follows: Continuously monitor the positive and negative sign trends of the multiple differential gradients obtained from the calculation; When the trend of the positive and negative signs changes from a pure negative to a falling trend to alternating positive and negative fluctuations, and the absolute value of the differential change gradient of the target period is not exceeded by the preset tolerance boundary, it is confirmed that the vascular tension is in a stable period of physical compensation.

[0011] Optionally, the specific mathematical derivation logic of the preset non-invasive exploration threshold is configured as follows: The main control computing board retrieves the effective historical diastolic blood pressure values ​​obtained from previous successful measurements in the system's internal memory; The minimum value among all the valid historical diastolic blood pressure values ​​is selected by the main control computing board; The main control computing board subtracts a preset physical anti-blocking constant from the minimum value to generate the preset non-invasive pathfinding threshold.

[0012] Optionally, the underlying digital signal processing logic for extracting the absolute voltage drop amplitude on the main control board is configured as follows: After the constant-volume sealed air chamber is constructed, the main control computing board filters out the static DC component in the output signal of the pressure transmitter and retains the high-frequency AC pulsating component. The main control computing board marks adjacent micro-wave peaks and micro-wave troughs within the same cardiac cycle on the high-frequency AC pulsation component in chronological order along the time axis. The main control computing board subtracts the pressure values ​​corresponding to adjacent micro-wave peaks and micro-wave troughs within the same cardiac cycle and takes the absolute value to form multiple absolute pressure drop values; The difference between the absolute voltage drop amplitude of the next term and the absolute voltage drop amplitude of the preceding term, which is calculated by the main control computing board in terms of time, is used as the differential change gradient.

[0013] Optionally, the specific criteria for the multi-axis attitude sensor to detect body rotation movements are as follows: The main control computing board continuously acquires three-dimensional spatial gravitational acceleration vector sequences; The main control computing board calculates the change in the angle between each vector in the three-dimensional spatial gravitational acceleration vector sequence and a preset horizontal reference plane; When the change in the included angle completes the flip from the angle corresponding to lying down to the angle corresponding to standing within a specific time window, and the magnitude of the spatial gravity acceleration vector after the flip returns to the tolerance range of the preset resting gravity standard value, the body position flipping action is confirmed to have occurred.

[0014] Optionally, when the body position reversal action of changing from a supine angle to an upright angle is captured, the main control board executes delay logic: Identify that the rate of change of adjacent absolute pressure drop values ​​exceeds the target range; As the standing posture is maintained, when the continuously measured differential change gradient gradually decreases and falls completely within the preset resting tolerance zone, the main control computing board immediately controls the electronically controlled exhaust valve to release the mechanical lock, controls the electronically controlled exhaust valve to briefly open to complete the air pressure reset, and then outputs the target drive power to the air pump again to release the initial pressure measurement command.

[0015] Optionally, when the current time falls within the preset nighttime sleep period and the preset scheduling cycle is triggered: The main control computing board prioritizes the operation of constructing the constant-volume sealed air chamber; When the calculated differential change gradient falls directly within the preset resting tolerance zone, the patient is determined to be in a deep sleep resting period. At this time, the electronically controlled exhaust valve is controlled to vent the internal gas and the blood pressure measurement task is directly canceled. When the differential gradient exceeds the upper limit of the preset resting tolerance band and shows a continuous expansion trend, it is determined that there is a risk of a surge in cardiovascular stress. At this time, the lockout state is maintained, the air pump is reactivated to pull up the pressure, and the initial pressure measurement command is forcibly released.

[0016] The present invention has achieved the following beneficial effects: The early warning system provided by this invention can control the inflation pump to inject a calibrated volume of gas until the internal static pressure of the pressure cuff reaches a preset non-invasive probing threshold when it detects a change in body position or when the current time is within a preset nighttime sleep period and a preset scheduling cycle is triggered. It then controls the electronically controlled exhaust valve to mechanically lock and construct a constant-volume sealed air chamber. The main control board objectively determines whether vascular tension is in a physically compensated stable period by continuously extracting the absolute pressure drop amplitude and differential gradient between adjacent microwave peaks and troughs within the same cardiac cycle caused by arterial ejection. When a change in body position occurs, the system releases the blood pressure measurement command only after the vascular tension has been compensated and regulated, eliminating interference from vascular fluctuations caused by fluid redistribution on the monitored values. During nighttime sleep periods, the system pre-assesses the subject's deep sleep rest period based on gradient data and directly cancels the pressure measurement task, reducing the disturbance of mechanical pressurization to the sleep rhythm. When a risk of a surge in cardiovascular stress is detected, the system forcibly performs pressurization measurement to record cardiovascular stress data. In addition, the system's dynamic defense update logic can extract critical danger values ​​based on exclusive medical records and age stratification labels to overwrite the device's default alarm limit, making the output warning signals more consistent with the actual cardiovascular tolerance of specific individuals and improving the reliability of the system's warning judgment in complex monitoring scenarios.

[0017] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the following description, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the written description and the accompanying drawings.

[0018] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1This is a hardware physical topology diagram of the cardiovascular risk early warning system for the elderly under dynamic blood pressure monitoring in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the workflow of performing blood pressure measurement during the routine phase in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the process of executing dynamic defense update logic and outputting early warning signals in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the process of determining body position rotation by a multi-axis attitude sensor in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 The flowchart illustrates the construction of a constant-volume sealed air chamber and digital signal processing for interception commands under anti-interference conditions in this embodiment of the invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0021] This embodiment provides a cardiovascular risk early warning system based on dynamic blood pressure monitoring. For example... Figure 1 As shown, at the hardware physical topology level, this early warning system integrates a pressure cuff, a pressure transmitter, an air pump, an electrically controlled exhaust valve, a multi-axis attitude sensor, and a main control computing board. Furthermore, the system includes a non-volatile memory module and local read-only memory; and a housing, and built-in wireless radio frequency module, piezoelectric buzzer, and multi-color warning light assembly electrically connected to the main control computing board. Each hardware unit establishes a physical connection along both the electrical signal communication bus and the fluid dynamics pipeline, jointly constructing a technical architecture for physiological signal acquisition, data processing, and peripheral electromechanical control feedback.

[0022] The system's hardware components are interconnected as follows: the pressure-measuring cuff, the pressure transmitter, the inflation pump, and the electronically controlled exhaust valve are linked by pipelines to form a sealed pressure space. The pressure-measuring cuff, as an end effector that makes physical contact with the surface of the limb being monitored, contains a variable-volume, sealed airbag made of a tensile-resistant, flexible polymer material. This flexible, sealed airbag is connected to the air manifold within the early warning system via a polymer air conduit. The air manifold is a fluid distribution hub with an internal through-chamber. The exhaust output of the inflation pump and the inlet of the electronically controlled exhaust valve are respectively sealed and connected to different branch ports of the air manifold via physical pipe joints. Simultaneously, the pressure transmitter's sensing pressure tap is connected to a pre-reserved sensing port in the air manifold using an airtight sealing process. Based on the aforementioned pipeline connections, the flexible sealed airbag of the pressure-measuring cuff, the air guide pipe, the internal through-chamber of the air manifold, the gas compression chamber inside the inflation pump, the internal flow obstruction channel of the electrically controlled exhaust valve, and the sensing chamber of the pressure transmitter are all interconnected, forming a sealed pressure space with controlled internal gas volume and measurable fluid pressure. The main control board, mounted on a physical printed circuit board, houses a microprocessor, a power distribution network, an analog signal conditioning and amplification circuit, and multiple digital communication interfaces. The main control board communicates with the pressure transmitter, the inflation pump, the electrically controlled exhaust valve, and the multi-axis attitude sensor. Its electrical control interfaces establish bidirectional communication and drive connections with the motor power supply circuit of the inflation pump, the control pins of the electrically controlled exhaust valve, the analog or digital signal output terminals of the pressure transmitter, and the data pins of the multi-axis attitude sensor. This connection method enables the main control board to acquire the physical status of each peripheral hardware component, schedule power supply timing, and send drive signals.

[0023] The main control board drives the air pump and the electrically controlled exhaust valve to perform blood pressure measurement according to a preset scheduling cycle, and outputs a warning signal when the obtained systolic or diastolic blood pressure exceeds a preset risk warning line. During the system power initialization phase, the clock synchronization management module inside the main control board reads the time interval parameters stored in the non-volatile memory area via the internal data bus to generate and maintain the preset scheduling cycle. When the accumulated count value of the system timer matches the trigger time node of the preset scheduling cycle, the main control board initiates the instruction allocation operation for the blood pressure measurement cycle according to the preset pressure measurement task control process in the system firmware. The main control board outputs working drive level signals to the control circuits of the air pump and the electrically controlled exhaust valve respectively. After receiving the corresponding drive power, the air pump performs gas compression, continuously pumping air into the fluid-connected space; the electrically controlled exhaust valve performs the closing action of its internal structural components to cut off the escape path of system gas to the external atmosphere.

[0024] The aforementioned electrical control dynamically changes the internal pressure of the airway, initiating the physical process of applying radial physical pressure stress to the target limb for blood pressure measurement. After the fluid interaction and sensor signal acquisition steps of a single blood pressure measurement task are completed, the data processing module of the main control board extracts the calculated systolic and diastolic blood pressure values ​​based on the physiological waveform acquired in that measurement. Subsequently, the main control board calls the preset risk warning line parameters that remain active in its working memory. The digital logic comparison module of the main control board performs a numerical comparison operation between the calculated systolic blood pressure value and the corresponding high-pressure threshold in the risk warning line, and performs the same numerical comparison operation between the calculated diastolic blood pressure value and the corresponding low-pressure threshold. If the output status flag of the logic comparison operation changes, it indicates that the measured current systolic or diastolic blood pressure value exceeds the set threshold range. Based on this, the main control board flips the alarm flag in its internal status register, activating the subsequent warning signal output processing flow for external hardware units.

[0025] like Figure 2 As shown, in the blood pressure measurement process during the routine phase, the hydrodynamic timing sequence of the main control board driving the inflation pump and the electronically controlled exhaust valve to perform the blood pressure measurement task includes: keeping the electronically controlled exhaust valve in the closed state, outputting the target drive power (e.g., full-load drive power) to the inflation pump, causing the air pressure inside the blood pressure cuff to rise to a level exceeding the preset expected high pressure peak. At the initial stage of the routine blood pressure measurement task command, the output pin of the main control board applies a continuous control voltage to the electronically controlled exhaust valve, energizing its internal electromagnetic coil, causing the sealing valve core to tightly adhere to the exhaust port, maintaining the electronically controlled exhaust valve in a physically closed, locked state. Subsequently, the main control board outputs a control signal with a duty cycle matching the target drive power to the power control module of the inflation pump. The DC drive motor inside the inflation pump operates after receiving the corresponding drive current, continuously drawing in and compressing ambient air into the blood pressure measurement system pipeline. As the total mass of the gas fluid increases, the static pressure in the air chamber inside the blood pressure cuff rises rapidly. During this process, the main control board acquires the differential voltage data output by the pressure transmitter at high frequency through the analog-to-digital conversion channel, calculates the real-time static pressure value of the pipeline system, and compares this real-time static pressure value with the preset expected high-pressure peak parameter in the memory unit. The preset expected high-pressure peak parameter is set to be higher than the physical pressure reference value corresponding to the blockage of arterial blood flow. When the judgment logic confirms that the real-time pipeline static pressure is higher than the preset expected high-pressure peak parameter, the main control board sets the drive signal output to the air pump to zero, cuts off the power supply circuit, and terminates the rapid air inflation and pressurization stage.

[0026] It should be noted that, in order to balance measurement accuracy and the physical safety of local blood flow occlusion, the specific derivation method of the preset expected high-pressure peak parameter is configured as follows: the main control board extracts the previous effective highest systolic blood pressure of the monitored object from the system's historical database, and adds a dynamic pressure margin of 30 mmHg to 40 mmHg on this basis. If the system determines that it is the first measurement and there is a lack of historical data records, based on the protection mechanism for the fragility of the patient's peripheral capillaries, the system's underlying code defaults to limiting the expected high-pressure peak parameter to 180 mmHg, which serves as a safe upper limit to prevent subcutaneous hematoma caused by excessive mechanical pressure.

[0027] Subsequently, a linear drive voltage is output to the electrically controlled exhaust valve to perform a pressure reduction and venting action at a target pressure reduction rate (e.g., constant speed). After the inflation process is completed and a set time is allowed for the fluid pressure to reach a steady state, the main control board applies a linear drive voltage signal with a decreasing slope parameter to the electrically controlled exhaust valve through the digital-to-analog converter output channel. Upon receiving this continuously decreasing voltage signal, the electromagnetic actuator in the electrically controlled exhaust valve changes the resultant force of its internal spring and electromagnetic force, causing the sealing valve core end face to gradually retract, and the fluid exposure area of ​​the exhaust port to expand proportionally and uniformly. The main control board uses the real-time static pressure reduction rate value collected by the pressure transmitter as the closed-loop feedback input to dynamically fine-tune the decreasing slope of the linear drive voltage. This closed-loop fine-tuning mechanism compensates for nonlinear fluid dynamic losses, keeping the outward escape velocity of gas in the pressure measuring pipeline stable, ultimately causing the fluid static pressure inside the pressure measuring cuff to continuously decrease relative to the time axis at a target pressure reduction rate (e.g., a constant set slope), completing the physical process of pressure reduction and venting.

[0028] During the depressurization and venting process, the pressure transmitter captures the pulse oscillation envelope profile superimposed on the slowly decreasing static pressure. The silicon-based sensing diaphragm of the pressure transmitter synchronously senses the pressure changes of the mixed fluid within the sealed chamber during this depressurization phase at the target depressurization rate. This mixed pressure change is a composite analog signal formed by the superposition of the slowly decreasing static pressure physical quantity, driven by the control program, and the high-frequency AC oscillation pressure physical quantity generated by each periodic cardiac ejection impact of the arteries. The main control board samples this composite analog signal at a fixed discretization frequency. The main control board applies a digital bandpass filtering algorithm to separate the high-frequency AC components in the sampling sequence, extracting and calculating the absolute amplitude of the pressure range generated by the oscillation of the blood vessel walls within each cardiac cycle. The main control board numerically maps the extracted amplitude data for each cycle to the corresponding system static pressure data, constructing a dataset containing static pressure data on the horizontal axis and amplitude data on the vertical axis. The points are linked together to form a pulse oscillation envelope contour data sequence with a distribution of low values ​​at both ends and high values ​​in the middle, and the sequence is cached in the system's working data memory area.

[0029] The mean arterial pressure (MAP) feature is obtained based on the maximum amplitude point of the pulse oscillation envelope contour. The systolic and diastolic pressures are then calculated using pre-defined envelope feature ratios. The main control board performs a numerical traversal search on the pulse oscillation envelope contour sequence data in the buffer, locating specific data nodes where the vertical axis amplitude value represents the global maximum. Based on the characteristic that the physical amplitude of the change in vessel wall volume is greatest when the applied limb static pressure equals the mean pressure inside the artery, the main control board extracts the fluid static pressure value corresponding to the horizontal axis of this maximum amplitude point and physically labels it as the current MAP feature. Subsequently, the main control board reads the pre-defined systolic and diastolic pressure envelope feature ratio constants from the non-volatile parameter storage area. The floating-point core of the main control board performs multiplication operations, multiplying the maximum amplitude value by the aforementioned two feature ratio constants to generate the high-pressure target search amplitude and the low-pressure target search amplitude. The main control board performs numerical search and interpolation fitting algorithms on the higher and lower static pressure range coordinates, respectively, using the maximum amplitude point as the boundary in the pulse oscillation envelope contour dataset. When an amplitude value matching the high-pressure target search amplitude is found, the static pressure value of its corresponding horizontal coordinate is extracted and calculated as the systolic pressure for that pulse. When an amplitude value matching the low-pressure target search amplitude is found, the static pressure value of its corresponding horizontal coordinate is extracted and calculated as the diastolic pressure for that pulse.

[0030] In this embodiment, considering the physiological characteristics of patients with reduced vascular compliance and higher degrees of arterial wall sclerosis, in order to accurately map the true extreme blood pressure value in the pulse oscillation envelope and overcome the interference of envelope deformation, the pre-fixed systolic blood pressure envelope characteristic ratio constant is set in the range of 0.45 to 0.55 (typically preferred value is 0.52); correspondingly, the diastolic blood pressure envelope characteristic ratio constant is set in the range of 0.65 to 0.75 (typically preferred value is 0.68).

[0031] like Figure 3As shown, the main control computing board is equipped with dynamic defense update logic. Its parameter call flow and memory overwrite steps include: reading the basic medical record file and age stratification tag specific to the target monitoring object from the non-volatile storage module. The main control computing board sends a data read command to the pre-installed non-volatile storage module via the system's internal serial communication bus. The main control computing board extracts the pre-recorded structured data variables specific to the target monitoring object from the storage block. Among these, the basic medical record file parameter field contains historical marker codes for cardiovascular underlying comorbidities identified by different binary bits; the age stratification tag parameter field records the specific parameter range value to which the monitoring object's current physiological age belongs. After the above read operation is completed, the structured data variables are stored in the main control computing board's random access memory cache.

[0032] Based on the basic medical records and the age stratification tags, matching critical values ​​are extracted from the medical comparison matrix mapped in the local read-only memory. The system's local read-only memory pre-programs a statically structured, multi-dimensional medical comparison matrix data table. The main control board's logic processing converts the resident basic medical record tag codes and age stratification tag parameters into the base address offset for memory lookup operations. Based on this calculated address, the main control board accurately reads a set of critical values ​​containing high-pressure and low-pressure hazard limit thresholds recorded in the interleaved storage data unit.

[0033] The medical comparison matrix mapped in local read-only memory is a two-dimensional lookup table structure built based on cardiovascular risk stratification theory. Its precise correspondence table configuration is as follows: the matrix uses age stratification labels (e.g., 65-79 years old group, ≥80 years old group) as the horizontal axis and comorbidity target organ damage markers in the basic medical records (e.g., no comorbidities, comorbid diabetes, or chronic heart failure) as the vertical axis. Taking a portion of the mapping logic as an example: when the system addresses and locates the 65-79 year old group without comorbidities, the corresponding critical value (high-pressure alarm limit / low-pressure alarm limit) is configured as 150 mmHg / 90 mmHg; when located in the 65-79 year old group with comorbid diabetes, the critical value is strictly reduced to 140 mmHg / 90 mmHg; when located in the ≥80 year old group, to prevent the physical risk of insufficient cerebral blood flow perfusion, regardless of the presence of complications, the critical value is uniformly limited and reduced to 150 mmHg / 90 mmHg. The system directly extracts the warning red line using the aforementioned hard-coded static lookup table.

[0034] The medical comparison matrix comprehensively covers various basic medical records. Its specific mapping logic is configured as follows: When the target organ injury comorbidity on the vertical axis is marked as chronic heart failure, considering the physiological requirement of strictly controlling cardiac afterload under cardiovascular pathological conditions, the critical value for the 65-79 age group is lowered to 130 mmHg / 80 mmHg; when the vertical axis is chronic kidney disease, the critical value for the 65-79 age group is configured to 130 mmHg / 80 mmHg; when the vertical axis is a history of stroke, to ensure cerebral blood flow perfusion and prevent ischemia, the critical value for the 65-79 age group is configured to 140 mmHg / 90 mmHg. For the ≥80-year-old group, based on the objective physiological characteristics of decreased vascular elasticity and insufficient diastolic perfusion, regardless of the aforementioned complications, the critical value for the 65-79 age group follows a broad blood pressure reduction principle and is uniformly limited and adjusted back to 150 mmHg / 90 mmHg.

[0035] The system dynamically overrides the default alarm limit using the aforementioned critical danger value, thereby generating the preset risk warning line applicable to the current situation. The main control board's instruction sequence executes a memory data update and overwrite operation, directly writing and overwriting the extracted critical danger value data block, specific to the individual's physiological state, into the system's default alarm limit variable storage area within the random access memory used to control alarm determination. Through this hard overwrite mechanism, a dynamically preset risk warning line adapted to the current individual and physiological stage is generated at the system memory level.

[0036] The systolic and diastolic blood pressures are rigorously compared with the preset risk warning thresholds to serve as the objective basis for outputting the warning signal. After completing the blood pressure calculation for the current cycle and generating the preset risk warning thresholds, the main control board activates the numerical comparison module. This module sends the calculated systolic blood pressure value to the first comparison channel of the logic unit and performs a subtraction comparison with the high-pressure alarm threshold corresponding to the preset risk warning threshold; simultaneously, it sends the calculated diastolic blood pressure value to the second comparison channel and performs a subtraction comparison with the corresponding low-pressure alarm threshold. The main control board directly extracts the Boolean state level parameters generated by this logic comparison module and uses them as the lowest-level objective trigger logic basis for determining whether to activate or remain silent in the subsequent output of the warning signal.

[0037] The underlying electromechanical feedback action for outputting the warning signal includes: when the systolic blood pressure or the diastolic blood pressure exceeds the preset risk warning line applicable to the current situation, the built-in wireless radio frequency module is invoked to send a data packet carrying the patient identification code to the remote nursing base station. When the comparison logic determines that the measured pressure parameter exceeds the safety threshold, the main control board sends a start enable signal to the integrated built-in wireless radio frequency module through the communication control interface. The network protocol stack management module of the main control board assembles a data packet sequence carrying a preset patient identification code data sequence, the excessive blood pressure measurement value, the warning type alarm code, and the communication cyclic redundancy check codeword in the buffer memory space. This data packet flows into the built-in wireless radio frequency module through the serial communication interface. The radio frequency transmitting circuit performs signal modulation processing on the digital packet according to the set radio frequency carrier frequency parameters, and then transmits radio frequency electromagnetic waves to the remote nursing base station equipment through the external antenna.

[0038] The piezoelectric buzzer, installed on the surface of the housing, is activated synchronously to output a high-frequency warning sound and drive the multi-color warning light assembly to perform a high-frequency red flashing motion. During the same system task scheduling cycle for wireless radio frequency communication, the main control board loads timer output configuration parameters onto its general-purpose input / output ports, causing specific control pins to output periodically alternating square wave pulse drive signals. These square wave pulse drive signals are applied to the terminals of the piezoelectric buzzer, which is physically installed on the surface of the sound-permeable hole in the housing. The alternating electric field drives the internal piezoelectric element to perform high-frequency mechanical deformation reciprocating motion, thereby outputting a high-frequency sound wave warning sound to the external environment. Simultaneously, the main control board outputs a sequence of alternating high and low levels with a set duty cycle to the control switch circuit pin connected to the red LED of the multi-color warning light assembly, controlling the periodic switching of the forward operating current flowing through the red LED. This electrical operation is translated into a high-contrast high-frequency red flashing motion at the physical optical output level.

[0039] In a continuous monitoring environment, the system is equipped with state-aware anti-interference command interception logic to address distortion of raw physiological signals caused by external and dynamic physiological factors. For example... Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, when the multi-axis attitude sensor detects a body rollover motion, or when the current time falls within a preset nighttime sleep period and triggers the preset scheduling cycle, the main control computing board intercepts the initial pressure measurement command. The specific criteria for detecting a body rollover motion by the multi-axis attitude sensor are configured as follows: the main control computing board continuously acquires a three-dimensional spatial gravity acceleration vector sequence. The micromechanical system structure built into the multi-axis attitude sensor continuously senses the physical deflection deformation generated by the three-dimensional gravity field environment and converts it into digital acceleration component signals in an orthogonal three-axis coordinate system via its built-in high-frequency analog-to-digital converter. The main control computing board acquires this three-axis digital signal data at a fixed system read cycle, reassembles the data in a time sequence in the data processing cache unit, and forms a continuous three-dimensional spatial gravity acceleration vector sequence.

[0040] The main control computing board calculates the change in angle between each vector in the three-dimensional spatial gravitational acceleration vector sequence and a preset horizontal reference plane. The main control computing board retrieves preset horizontal reference plane spatial normal vector parameters that were written to non-volatile memory during device calibration. For each three-dimensional spatial gravitational acceleration vector obtained in the acquisition sequence, the main control computing board performs spatial vector multiplication and dot product operations and inverse trigonometric function operations to calculate the angle between each vector and the preset horizontal reference plane. By storing the angle data of adjacent sampling points on the time axis and performing subtraction, a parameter data stream representing the change in angle, representing the spatial geometric attitude variation attribute, is calculated.

[0041] When the change in the included angle completes the flip from the corresponding angle of lying down to the corresponding angle of standing within a specific time window, and the magnitude of the spatial gravity acceleration vector after the flip returns to the tolerance range of the preset resting gravity standard value, the main control computing board confirms that the body position flipping action has occurred.

[0042] Considering the dynamic characteristics of the patient's movement from supine to upright, the length of the specific time window is configured to be between 1.5 and 5.0 seconds. When the duration of the angle reversal falls within this window, it is confirmed as a valid active positional transition; if the duration is less than 1.5 seconds, it is filtered out by the system's underlying logic as fall or vibration noise. Furthermore, the preset resting gravity standard value corresponds to the standard gravitational acceleration constant 1g, with a tolerance range specifically set to 1g ± 0.05g. When the continuously measured vector magnitude remains within this tolerance range for more than a specific beat (e.g., 800 milliseconds), it indicates that the additional mechanical dynamic acceleration generated by limb movement has completely decayed, and the human body enters a mechanically static upright compensatory period. The main control board continuously verifies the cumulative value span of the angle change data stream. When the monitored value is within the set time length window defined by the system's built-in timer, it indicates that the transition from the preset supine angle limit range to the preset upright angle limit range has been completed.

[0043] In the clinical testing scenario for cardiovascular postural compensation, the preset supine angle limit range is specifically defined physically as: the angle between the three-dimensional spatial gravitational acceleration vector and the preset horizontal reference plane is between 0 and 15 degrees; the preset upright angle limit range is specifically defined physically as: the angle is between 60 and 90 degrees. This angle threshold is set based on the standard mechanical posture calibration boundary in the upright tilt test. The main control board then extracts multi-frame triaxial digital signal data at the moment of angle change, performs summation of squares and square root operations to calculate the real-time gravitational acceleration vector magnitude parameter. The main control board compares this gravitational acceleration vector magnitude parameter with the preset resting gravity standard value with tolerance. If the magnitude parameter falls within the set tolerance limit, it indicates that the acceleration clutter caused by the accompanying mechanical motion kinetic energy has completely dissipated. After satisfying the dual mathematical joint judgment conditions of time window angle crossing and resting magnitude parameter regression, the main control board writes a confirmation flag in the posture state control position to confirm the capture of the physical level postural rotation action.

[0044] Simultaneously, the clock management module of the main control board reads the current timestamp value of the system in real time and compares it with the preset nighttime sleep period parameter limit set in the non-volatile memory. When the main control board confirms that it has detected a body position reversal action based on the status bit, or when the current time is within the preset nighttime sleep period and the preset scheduling cycle is triggered, the scheduler of the main control board executes the action intervention. The main control board suspends the expected routine high-power initial voltage measurement command in the system control command execution queue.

[0045] The inflation pump is controlled to inflate a calibrated volume of gas into the pressure cuff until the internal static pressure of the cuff reaches a preset non-invasive probing threshold. Then, the electrically controlled exhaust valve is mechanically locked to create a constant-volume, sealed air chamber. After the execution command is suspended and intercepted, the main control board outputs a low-duty-cycle pulse-width modulated (PWM) signal to the inflation pump's drive circuit to limit the operating current. Driven by this restricted signal, the inflation pump motor operates at a low speed, slowly and at a low flow rate, inflating a portion of the air into the fluid-connected space, forming a continuous physical injection guided by the closed-loop pressure value. This stage does not limit the fixed absolute volume of the inflated gas but rather dynamically evaluates it. When the real-time measured internal static pressure data reaches the numerical boundary of the preset non-invasive probing threshold, the main control board cuts off the inflation pump drive signal to stop the gas injection. During this slow inflation process, the analog-to-digital conversion channel of the main control board reads the pipeline pressure data output by the pressure transmitter at a millisecond frequency and performs a high-frequency data comparison with the pre-called preset non-invasive probing threshold. When the real-time measured internal static pressure data reaches the preset non-invasive probing threshold value, the main control board cuts off the air pump drive signal to stop air injection and simultaneously outputs a normally closed high-level drive signal to the control terminal of the electronically controlled exhaust valve. The internal moving iron core structure of the electronically controlled exhaust valve generates electromagnetic displacement, pressing the exhaust micro-orifice and performing a complete mechanical locking operation of the air path. This mechanical locking operation cuts off the fluid exchange path between the pressure measurement system and the external environment, constructing a constant-volume, sealed air chamber with a fixed gas mass.

[0046] By configuring the preset non-invasive probing threshold to be lower than the preset historical diastolic blood pressure baseline, the external radial pressure applied by the pressure cuff is less than the outward support force of the blood inside the artery, ensuring that the blood flow in the distal arteries remains unobstructed. The specific mathematical derivation logic of the preset non-invasive probing threshold is configured as follows: the main control computing board retrieves the valid historical diastolic blood pressure values ​​obtained from previous successful measurements recorded in the system's internal memory. The main control computing board, according to the storage address and backtracking time window parameters, locates and extracts multiple verified valid historical diastolic blood pressure values ​​from the archived database within a recent consecutive time period, and loads them in batches into the runtime cache array space. The main control computing board selects the minimum value among all the valid historical diastolic blood pressure values. The main control computing board sequentially executes a loop comparison algorithm on the loaded buffer array data sequence to filter and lock in the minimum value in the data set for that time period.

[0047] The main control computing board subtracts a preset physical anti-blocking constant from the minimum value to generate the preset non-invasive probing threshold. The main control computing board extracts the preset physical anti-blocking constant parameter pre-configured and burned into the read-only memory. The main control computing board executes a subtraction instruction, subtracting the preset physical anti-blocking constant from the obtained minimum value; the calculated numerical difference is output as the preset non-invasive probing threshold for this operation. In the blood fluid dynamics model, maintaining the natural opening of blood vessels requires internal pressure to be greater than external pressure. To ensure that the distal blood microcirculation is not interrupted while applying external probing pressure, the preset physical anti-blocking constant is numerically set to 15 mmHg to 20 mmHg. The system subtracts the previously acquired historical minimum diastolic blood pressure from this constant to generate a non-invasive probing threshold (e.g., when the historical minimum is 65 mmHg, the probing static pressure will be constantly controlled between 45 mmHg and 50 mmHg). This physically creates a constant-volume monitoring range where the pulse pressure peaks and troughs can be sensed through the vessel wall, while the pressure is absolutely lower than the venous return closure pressure. The external radial pressure applied to the surface of the limb under test by the pressure cuff, with the internal static pressure equal to the non-invasive probing threshold, is strictly less than the outward support force of the internal blood maintained by the artery during end-diastole. Under the mechanical equilibrium of the vessel wall, the distal arterial lumen maintains its naturally open cross-sectional area, without physical deformation that would interrupt blood flow, ensuring that blood flow remains completely unobstructed during the detection phase.

[0048] During the maintenance of the constant-volume sealed air chamber, the main control computing board continuously extracts the absolute pressure drop amplitude between adjacent micro-wave peaks and troughs within the same cardiac cycle caused by arterial blood ejection using the pressure transmitter. The underlying digital signal processing logic of the main control computing board for extracting the absolute pressure drop amplitude is configured as follows: after the constant-volume sealed air chamber is constructed and the static pressure is balanced, the main control computing board filters out the static DC component in the output signal of the pressure transmitter, retaining the high-frequency AC pulsation component. At this time, the composite physical pressure sensed by the pressure transmitter is transmitted to the analog-to-digital converter through analog circuitry. The main control computing board applies a digital high-pass filtering algorithm function to perform filtering operations on the discretized digital sampled signal sequence. The filtering process attenuates the static DC components in the stopband band, such as the baseline static pressure constant caused by inflation and the low-frequency baseline drift introduced by minor limb creep, and purifies the high-frequency AC pulsation component sequence in the passband band, which fluctuates around the reference zero point and maps the alternating volume of the arterial wall.

[0049] The main control computing board marks adjacent micro-wave peaks and troughs within the same cardiac cycle on the high-frequency AC pulsation component in chronological order along the time axis. The main control computing board extracts continuous sampling point data from the cache array storing the high-frequency AC pulsation component according to the time sequence and performs a first-order forward difference operation to generate a slope state data sequence. The main control computing board executes a zero-crossing detection algorithm to monitor the slope state data sequence. When the slope value changes from a positive interval crossing the baseline zero line and falling into a negative interval, the algorithm records the corresponding transient pressure value of the high-frequency AC pulsation component and marks it as a micro-wave peak representing a single volume expansion extreme. When the slope value changes from a negative interval crossing the baseline zero line and rising back into a positive interval, the algorithm records the corresponding transient pressure value and marks it as a micro-wave trough representing a single volume contraction extreme.

[0050] The main control computing board subtracts the pressure values ​​corresponding to adjacent micro-wave peaks and troughs within the same cardiac cycle and takes the absolute value to form multiple absolute pressure drop amplitude values. After determining a pair of consecutive extreme value nodes on the time axis, the main control computing board extracts the pressure values ​​corresponding to the matching micro-wave peaks and troughs within the same cardiac cycle. The computing logic of the main control computing board performs a subtraction operation on these two pressure values, and then calculates the absolute value attribute data of the calculated difference. This scalar data after obtaining the absolute value quantifies the pressure range of the physical oscillation of gas in a constant-volume sealed air chamber caused by a single cardiac beat, forming an absolute pressure drop amplitude value. The main control computing board cyclically executes the extraction calculation process, continuously generating multiple array elements of absolute pressure drop amplitude values ​​arranged in the time domain.

[0051] The main control computing board calculates the difference between the absolute voltage drop amplitude of the immediately preceding term and the absolute voltage drop amplitude of the preceding term in time, which is used as the differential gradient. The main control computing board reads the absolute voltage drop amplitude data of the preceding term that occurred earlier in the array, as well as the absolute voltage drop amplitude data of the immediately following term generated in the order of generation time. The main control computing board uses a signed hardware subtraction logic circuit to subtract the preceding term value from the subsequent term value, and the calculated difference parameter containing the polarity direction and magnitude range of the value is recorded as the differential gradient. In this process, regarding the method of obtaining the differential gradient between adjacent absolute voltage drop amplitudes in time, in addition to the main control computing board directly performing subtraction calculation using the arithmetic logic unit, the system can also directly retrieve the corresponding gradient data through a pre-fixed voltage drop change rate lookup table matrix, using the amplitude of the current moment and the previous moment as dual indices, through memory mapping lookup table. This embodiment uses subtraction operation as an example for detailed explanation.

[0052] The main control computing board calculates the differential gradient between adjacent absolute pressure drop values ​​over time. When multiple consecutive differential gradients show contraction and convergence and fall within a preset resting tolerance band, it is determined that the peripheral resistance vascular tension is in a physically compensatory stable period. Specifically, the peripheral resistance vascular tension being in a physically compensatory stable period means that the acute sympathetic regulation process triggered by fluid transfer ends, the smooth muscle wall contraction activity of peripheral arterioles ceases, and a new constant mechanical support tension state is maintained. If the measurement is intercepted due to the detection of a body position change, the main control computing board controls the electronically controlled exhaust valve to release the mechanical lock and allow the initial pressure measurement command to proceed; if the measurement is intercepted because the current time falls within the preset nighttime sleep period and triggers the preset scheduling cycle, the blood pressure measurement task is directly canceled. The main control computing board monitors the data trend and numerical boundaries of the continuously calculated differential gradient sequence. When the system determines that the values ​​of continuously generated differential gradient changes exhibit a monotonically decreasing and gradually converging pattern, and all subsequently acquired numerical parameters fall within the upper and lower limits of the preset resting tolerance band digital threshold, the main control board interprets this data convergence characteristic as a physiological manifestation of stabilizing vascular tone regulation. The preset resting tolerance band is a digital threshold used by the system to define the fine-tuning of vascular smooth muscle contraction towards hydrostatic equilibrium, specifically configured as [-0.5mmHg, +0.5mmHg]. When the absolute values ​​of three or more consecutively calculated differential gradient changes fall within this bandpass interval, tension physical compensation convergence is determined. Furthermore, regarding the preset nighttime sleep period, the main control board's underlying firmware sets its default range to 22:30 to 06:00 the next day (based on the system timestamp), and grants read / write permissions for this parameter at the system interface layer, allowing for shifting and overlaying of the sleep-wake cycle according to external settings.

[0053] The specific fault-tolerant judgment logic configuration for the main control computing board to determine that vascular tension is in a stable period of physical compensation is as follows: continuously monitor the positive and negative sign trends of the multiple differential change gradients obtained from the calculation. The main control computing board first extracts the sign bit data parameters of each differential change gradient stored in the register sequence. In the early stage of the human body being stimulated by external posture, the peripheral blood vessels produce continuous contraction regulation, resulting in a continuous decreasing trend of the obtained absolute pressure drop value. At this time, the differential change gradient parameters obtained by differential calculation have the same negative sign, which shows a pure negative drop mathematical trend in terms of sequence characteristics. The specific calculation and extraction logic is as follows: the main control computing board reads the most significant bit (MSB, i.e., the sign bit) of the signed data structure (such as floating-point number or signed integer) of the differential value. For example, bit "0" is defined as representing a positive increase and bit "1" as representing a negative drop. Subsequently, the main control computing board sends the sign bit data of two adjacent periods in the time series to the arithmetic logic unit (ALU) to perform a bit-level XOR operation. If the XOR calculation result is 0, it indicates that the sign polarity of the continuous gradients is the same (i.e., purely negative or purely positive); if the XOR calculation result is 1, it is clearly determined that a reversal of positive and negative polarity has occurred across the reference zero point.

[0054] When the trend of the positive and negative signs changes from a pure negative to a falling trend to alternating positive and negative fluctuations, and the absolute values ​​of the differential change gradients of the target period do not exceed the preset tolerance boundary, it is confirmed that the vascular tension is in a stable period of physical compensation. The specific value of the preset tolerance boundary mentioned here is equivalent to the unilateral absolute limit amplitude of the aforementioned preset resting tolerance band, i.e., a fixed configuration of 0.5 mmHg. This numerical boundary is set based on the physiological characteristics of non-invasive blood pressure fluctuations: after the peripheral vascular tension compensation ends and enters a stable period, the amplitude of the natural physiological pressure drop gradient fluctuation caused by the residual vasomotor wave mediated by the sympathetic nervous system (i.e., Mayer wave) will not exceed 0.5 mmHg in normal convergence threshold. At this time, the main control board controls the cutting off of the maintaining current of the electromagnetic components inside the electronically controlled exhaust valve, the internal flow-blocking element resets under the action of mechanical elasticity, the exhaust port reconnects to the external standard atmospheric structure, the locked state of the constant-volume sealed air chamber is released, and the static pressure of the airway returns to zero. After the air pressure is reset, the main control board will perform control operations to either release the original suspended command or completely delete the task queue data, based on the task attributes of the top-level scheduling mode.

[0055] When the system detects a body position change from a supine to an upright position, the main control board executes delayed logic. Due to the downward flow of body fluids triggering a stress-induced contraction response in peripheral blood vessels, and the subsequent redistribution of body fluids due to gravity, the sympathetic nervous system reflexively drives the smooth muscle of peripheral micro-arteries to contract to compensate for vascular resistance. This dynamic physiological regulation phase results in unstable physical compliance fluctuations in the vascular lumen. The extracted absolute pressure drop amplitude sequence data exhibits physical characteristics of large numerical ranges, significant differences, and disordered distribution during this phase. The system therefore identifies that the rate of change of adjacent absolute pressure drop amplitudes exceeds the target range. Upon detecting this body position change and reaching the blood pressure measurement cycle, the system triggers an intervention mechanism to enter the delayed logic processing branch, maintaining a low-flow-rate probe gas to establish a constant-volume monitoring state.

[0056] As the standing posture is maintained, when the continuously calculated differential gradient gradually decreases and falls completely within the preset resting tolerance zone, it indicates that the tension compensation regulation of the peripheral blood vessels is complete. During the operation of the delay monitoring program, the main control board maintains the probe inflation static pressure as a constant detection base and continuously calculates and outputs the differential gradient sequence. As the cardiovascular internal environment fluid dynamics re-establishes an adaptive homeostatic equilibrium, the contractile behavior of peripheral vascular smooth muscle decays to a constant tension state. The main control board continuously compares the data sequence. When it determines that the calculated differential gradient value shows a continuous and consistent steady decreasing trend, and the parameter points of multiple consecutive calculation cycles are all confined within the preset resting tolerance zone value threshold used to define static fluctuations, it confirms, based on this data characteristic, that the tension compensation regulation process occurring within the peripheral microarteries is completely completed.

[0057] The main control board immediately controls the electrically controlled exhaust valve to release the mechanical lock, briefly opening it to reset the air pressure. It then re-outputs the target drive power to the air pump to release the initial pressure measurement command. After determining that the adjustment is stable, the main control board sends a clear status command to the control execution network. The exhaust end of the electrically controlled exhaust valve mechanically opens, allowing residual low-pressure gas in the pressure measurement pipeline to escape into the atmosphere, reducing the system's internal fluid static pressure to zero and completing the air pressure reset. After the air pressure zeroing action is completed, the main control board's system control program exits the intervention logic branch, reconfigures the drive parameter sequence matching the target drive power, applies it to the air pump power end, and initiates airflow injection. The system executes the initially set high-pressure pressurization action, releases the initial pressure measurement command, and initiates a normalized, high-quality data acquisition process.

[0058] When the current time falls within the preset nighttime sleep period and the preset scheduling cycle is triggered: the main control board prioritizes the operation of constructing the constant-volume sealed air chamber. The main control board's clock verification module checks that the system currently meets the preset nighttime sleep period threshold set in the non-volatile parameter area. When the internal task timer triggers an instruction, the main control board's code execution logic forces a jump instruction pointer, sending a degraded flow-limiting parameter sequence to the air pump controller to smoothly fill the calibration volume exploration airflow in an extremely low exhaust flow mode. When the static pressure in the pipeline precisely reaches the preset non-invasive exploration threshold, the main control board immediately outputs a level-locked electrically controlled exhaust valve, prioritizing the construction of the constant-volume sealed air chamber hardware state.

[0059] When the calculated differential gradient falls directly within the preset resting tolerance zone, the patient is determined to be in a deep sleep resting period and has not experienced a sympathetic startle reflex due to the slight noise from the air pump. At this point, the electronically controlled exhaust valve is activated to vent the internal gas, directly canceling the blood pressure measurement task to protect sleep quality. After locking the probe air chamber, the main control board extracts and analyzes the differential gradient data generated in the initial stage. If the algorithm comparison finds that the range of the differential gradient sequence generated in the earlier stage is extremely small and directly converges and remains within the preset resting tolerance zone threshold, this data objectively indicates that the peripheral vascular microcirculation system is maintaining a relaxed state without reflexive contraction activity. The system thus determines that the nervous system and cardiovascular parameters of the target monitored object are in a stable deep sleep resting period, verifying that the system noise generated by the low-speed operation of the air pump in the early stage did not trigger the autonomic startle feedback regulation mechanism within the sleep framework. Based on this stable judgment, the main control board executes the test deregistration procedure flow, sends a long-term open control signal to the electronically controlled exhaust valve to release the system static pressure gas, and completely deregisters and erases the blood pressure measurement task assigned in this cycle from the task scheduling engine control queue to maintain the equipment in hibernation.

[0060] When the differential gradient exceeds the preset resting tolerance limit and shows a continuous expansion trend, a risk of a surge in cardiovascular stress is determined. At this point, the system remains locked, the air pump is reactivated to increase pressure, and the initial pressure measurement command is forcibly released. If the main control board's data extraction and comparison program detects a sudden jump in the absolute parameter of the generated differential gradient within a short time series, exceeding the preset resting tolerance limit, and verifies in time-domain analysis that the sequence exhibits a continuously expanding divergent data characteristic with a gradually increasing range parameter in continuous time node data, this data characteristic indicates a strong, uncontrolled inward contraction of peripheral resistance vessels. The main control board's logic decision module identifies this continuous abnormal indicator data characteristic as a risk state of a surge in cardiovascular stress blood pressure caused by covert sympathetic nerve abnormal excitation. Upon triggering this determination condition, the main control board terminates and cancels the task determination execution path, maintaining the high-level locked state sent to the electronically controlled exhaust valve to preserve the basic fluid testing environment parameters. At the same time, the main control board loads the drive duty cycle parameters configured for high speed (matching the target drive power) to the control unit of the air pump, reactivating the motor to significantly increase the static pressure of the system's physical test, thereby forcibly releasing and restoring the initial pressure measurement command that was previously suspended and intercepted, and executing the standard high-precision oscillometric measurement stage to ensure that the effective blood pressure monitoring values ​​corresponding to the special physiological risk state during this period are captured and converted and recorded in the storage area.

[0061] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A cardiovascular risk early warning system under dynamic blood pressure monitoring, characterized in that, It includes a pressure measuring cuff, a pressure transmitter, an air pump, an electronically controlled exhaust valve, a multi-axis attitude sensor, and a main control computing board; The pressure-measuring cuff, the pressure transmitter, the air pump, and the electrically controlled exhaust valve are connected by pipelines to form a closed pressure space; the main control computing board is communicatively connected to the pressure transmitter, the air pump, the electrically controlled exhaust valve, and the multi-axis attitude sensor. The main control computing board is used to drive the air pump and the electronically controlled exhaust valve to perform blood pressure measurement tasks according to a preset scheduling cycle, and output a warning signal when the obtained systolic or diastolic blood pressure exceeds a preset risk warning line; When the multi-axis attitude sensor detects a patient's body position turning motion, or when the current time falls within a preset nighttime sleep period and triggers the preset scheduling cycle, the main control computing board intercepts the initial pressure measurement command and controls the inflation pump to continuously inflate the pressure measurement cuff until the internal static pressure of the pressure measurement cuff reaches a preset non-invasive probing threshold. Then, it controls the electronically controlled exhaust valve to mechanically lock to construct a constant-volume sealed air chamber. The preset non-invasive probing threshold is configured to be lower than a preset historical diastolic pressure baseline to ensure that distal arterial blood flow remains unobstructed. During the maintenance of the constant-volume sealed air chamber, the main control computing board uses the pressure transmitter to continuously extract the absolute pressure drop amplitude between adjacent micro-wave peaks and micro-wave troughs within the same cardiac cycle caused by arterial blood ejection impact. The main control computing board obtains the differential change gradient between adjacent absolute pressure drop values ​​based on the absolute pressure drop amplitude. When multiple consecutive differential change gradients show a shrinking convergence and fall within a preset resting tolerance zone used to define the tendency of vascular tension fine-tuning to balance, it is determined that the peripheral resistance vascular tension is in a physical compensation stable period. At this time, if the movement is intercepted due to the detection of the body position turning action, the main control computing board controls the electronically controlled exhaust valve to release the mechanical lock and release the initial pressure measurement command. If the task is blocked because the current time falls within the preset nighttime sleep period and the preset scheduling cycle is triggered, the blood pressure measurement task will be canceled directly.

2. The cardiovascular risk early warning system under dynamic blood pressure monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fluid dynamics timing sequence for the main control computing board to drive the air pump and the electronically controlled exhaust valve to perform the blood pressure measurement task includes: Keep the electronically controlled exhaust valve closed, output the target drive power to the air pump, and cause the air pressure inside the pressure cuff to rise to a higher than the preset expected high pressure peak; Then, a linear drive voltage is output to the electronically controlled exhaust valve to perform a depressurization and venting action at the target depressurization rate; During the depressurization and venting process, the pressure transmitter is used to capture the pulse oscillation envelope profile superimposed on the slowly decreasing static pressure. The mean arterial pressure characteristic of the heart is obtained from the maximum amplitude point of the pulse oscillation envelope contour, and the systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure are calculated by combining the pre-fixed envelope feature ratio.

3. The cardiovascular risk early warning system under dynamic blood pressure monitoring according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cardiovascular risk early warning system also includes a non-volatile storage module and local read-only memory; the main control board is equipped with dynamic defense update logic. Read the basic medical records and age stratification tags specific to the target monitoring object from the non-volatile storage module; Based on the basic medical records and the age stratification labels, the matching risk threshold values ​​are extracted from the medical comparison matrix mapped in the local read-only memory. The system's default alarm limit is dynamically overridden using the aforementioned critical danger value, thereby generating the preset risk warning line applicable to the current situation. The systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure are compared with the preset risk warning line to serve as the objective basis for outputting the warning signal.

4. The cardiovascular risk early warning system under dynamic blood pressure monitoring according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cardiovascular risk warning system also includes a housing, and a built-in wireless radio frequency module, a piezoelectric buzzer device, and a multi-color warning light assembly that are electrically connected to the main control computing board. The underlying electromechanical feedback action for outputting the warning signal includes: When the systolic blood pressure or the diastolic blood pressure exceeds the preset risk warning line applicable for the current time, the built-in wireless radio frequency module is invoked to send a data packet carrying the patient's identification code to the remote nursing base station; The piezoelectric buzzer device installed on the surface of the housing is activated synchronously to output a high-frequency warning sound and drive the multi-color warning light assembly to perform a high-frequency red flashing.

5. The cardiovascular risk early warning system under dynamic blood pressure monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific fault-tolerant judgment logic of the main control computing board for determining that vascular tension is in a stable period of physical compensation is as follows: Continuously monitor the positive and negative sign trends of the multiple differential gradients obtained from the calculation; When the trend of the positive and negative signs changes from a pure negative to a falling trend to alternating positive and negative fluctuations, and the absolute value of the differential change gradient of the target period is not exceeded by the preset tolerance boundary, it is confirmed that the vascular tension is in a stable period of physical compensation.

6. The cardiovascular risk early warning system under dynamic blood pressure monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific mathematical derivation logic configuration of the preset non-invasive pathfinding threshold is as follows: The main control computing board retrieves the effective historical diastolic blood pressure values ​​obtained from previous successful measurements in the system's internal memory. The main control computing board selects the minimum value among all the valid historical diastolic blood pressure values; The main control computing board subtracts a preset physical anti-blocking constant from the minimum value to generate the preset non-invasive pathfinding threshold.

7. The cardiovascular risk early warning system under dynamic blood pressure monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The logic configuration for the main control board to extract the underlying digital signal of the absolute voltage drop amplitude is as follows: After the constant-volume sealed air chamber is constructed, the main control computing board filters out the static DC component in the output signal of the pressure transmitter and retains the high-frequency AC pulsating component. The main control computing board marks adjacent micro-wave peaks and micro-wave troughs within the same cardiac cycle on the high-frequency AC pulsation component in chronological order along the time axis. The main control computing board subtracts the pressure values ​​corresponding to adjacent micro-wave peaks and micro-wave troughs within the same cardiac cycle and takes the absolute value to form multiple absolute pressure drop values; The difference between the absolute voltage drop amplitude of the next term and the absolute voltage drop amplitude of the preceding term, which is calculated by the main control computing board in terms of time, is used as the differential change gradient.

8. The cardiovascular risk early warning system under dynamic blood pressure monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific criteria for the multi-axis attitude sensor to detect body rotation motion are as follows: The main control computing board continuously acquires three-dimensional spatial gravitational acceleration vector sequences; The main control computing board calculates the change in the angle between each vector in the three-dimensional spatial gravitational acceleration vector sequence and a preset horizontal reference plane; When the change in the included angle completes the flip from the angle corresponding to lying down to the angle corresponding to standing within a specific time window, and the magnitude of the spatial gravity acceleration vector after the flip returns to the tolerance range of the preset resting gravity standard value, the body position flipping action is confirmed to have occurred.

9. The cardiovascular risk early warning system under dynamic blood pressure monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the body position rotation action, which involves changing from a supine to an upright position, is detected, the main control board executes delay logic: Identify that the rate of change of adjacent absolute pressure drop values ​​exceeds the target range; As the standing posture is maintained, when the continuously measured differential change gradient gradually decreases and falls completely within the preset resting tolerance zone, the main control computing board immediately controls the electronically controlled exhaust valve to release the mechanical lock, controls the electronically controlled exhaust valve to briefly open to complete the air pressure reset, and then outputs the target drive power to the air pump again to release the initial pressure measurement command.

10. The cardiovascular risk early warning system under dynamic blood pressure monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the current time falls within the preset nighttime sleep period and the preset scheduling cycle is triggered: The main control computing board prioritizes the operation of constructing the constant-volume sealed air chamber; When the calculated differential change gradient falls directly within the preset resting tolerance zone, the patient is determined to be in a deep sleep resting period. At this time, the electronically controlled exhaust valve is controlled to vent the internal gas and the blood pressure measurement task is directly canceled. When the differential gradient exceeds the upper limit of the preset resting tolerance band and shows a continuous expansion trend, it is determined that there is a risk of a surge in cardiovascular stress. At this time, the lockout state is maintained, the air pump is reactivated to pull up the pressure, and the initial pressure measurement command is forcibly released.

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