Intelligent lower limb orthopedic traction frame and control method thereof

Abstract

The application relates to an intelligent lower limb orthopedic traction frame and a control method thereof. The intelligent lower limb orthopedic traction frame comprises a support frame body, a leg air cushion bed, a traction assembly, a power supply unit, a controller and a treatment assembly. Through organic integration of array air bag dynamic support, winding motor numerical control traction, camera angle monitoring, temperature and humidity sensing and temperature control management, anti-displacement air bag and physiotherapy components, intelligent matching and accurate adjustment of traction force in the lower limb bone traction treatment process, active prevention of pressure injury, real-time monitoring of traction direction, real-time sensing of local skin state and auxiliary physiotherapy of puncture sites are realized, and the safety, accuracy and comfort of the lower limb bone traction treatment are comprehensively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of medical device technology, and in particular to an intelligent lower limb orthopedic traction frame and its control method. Background Technology

[0002] Fractures, dislocations, and other orthopedic injuries are common clinical conditions, and some patients require skeletal traction therapy. Skeletal traction is an important orthopedic treatment method. Its basic principle is as follows: Kirschner wires or Steinmann wires are inserted into the patient's bones (such as the tibial tuberosity, supracondylar femoral bone, calcaneus, etc.). After the traction bow is placed, a traction rope is used to suspend a weight vertically through the traction bow's rings and pulleys on the traction frame, forming a traction device. This allows the traction force to act directly on the patient's bones, counteracting muscle spasms or contractions, thereby achieving the therapeutic goal of fracture reduction or fixation.

[0003] When performing lower limb skeletal traction therapy, the traction time is generally long, usually lasting from several days to several weeks. To maintain effective traction, prevent muscle atrophy, joint stiffness, and pressure injury, patients must be instructed and encouraged to strengthen turning and functional exercises. However, in actual clinical application, existing devices and techniques still have the following shortcomings:

[0004] First, the existing braces used to support patients' lower limbs are not designed reasonably. The contact between the patient's lower limbs and the brace is static, rigid or semi-rigid. The local skin (especially the bony prominences such as the inner thigh, heel, and ankle) is under pressure for a long time and the pressure points cannot change automatically, which can easily lead to local tissue ischemia and hypoxia and cause pressure injuries.

[0005] Second, existing traction devices mostly use weights or counterweights to provide traction force. This counterweight traction method has obvious defects: on the one hand, the magnitude of the traction force can only be roughly adjusted by changing weights / counters of different weights, and cannot achieve precise adjustment; on the other hand, it cannot intelligently match and dynamically adjust the corresponding traction force according to the weight of the patient's lower limbs and changes in muscle tension, and the magnitude of the traction force cannot be monitored in real time, making it difficult to ensure the accuracy and consistency of traction treatment.

[0006] Third, during traction, the direction of the traction rope may deviate due to changes in patient position, external force interference, displacement of the traction device, etc. When the axis of the traction rope deviates from the axis of the long bones of the patient's lower limb, the traction force cannot be effectively applied along the axis of the long bones, which may lead to insufficient reduction or even treatment failure. Current technology lacks real-time monitoring and alarm methods for the angle between the traction rope and the axis of the long bones of the lower limb.

[0007] Fourth, during traction, there is a lack of means to monitor the temperature and humidity of the patient's lower limb skin. Abnormal local temperature may indicate risks such as reduced blood supply and tissue ischemia; excessive local humidity can easily lead to skin maceration and increase the risk of infection. Current technology cannot detect these abnormal conditions in a timely manner and respond accordingly.

[0008] Therefore, there is an urgent clinical need for a new type of intelligent lower limb orthopedic traction frame. Summary of the Invention

[0009] Based on this, the purpose of this application is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an intelligent lower limb orthopedic traction frame and its control method.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted in this application is as follows:

[0011] In one aspect, this application provides an intelligent lower limb orthopedic traction frame, comprising: a support frame, a leg air mattress, a traction component, a power supply unit, a controller, and a treatment component.

[0012] The leg air mattress is fixed to the support frame. The leg air mattress includes a mattress body, support airbags, an air supply component, an air exhaust component, and a temperature control unit. Multiple support airbags are arranged in an array on the upper side of the mattress body, and each support airbag is arranged in parallel. A pressure sensor and a temperature and humidity sensor are provided on the top of the support airbag. The air supply component is connected to the air inlet of the support airbag, and the air exhaust component is connected to the air outlet of the support airbag. The temperature control unit is located on the mattress body and is used to cool or heat the mattress body.

[0013] The traction assembly includes a traction strut, a winding motor, a traction rope, a traction bow, a traction needle, a connecting component, and a camera. The traction strut is rotatably connected to the support frame, and a fastening knob is provided between the traction strut and the support frame. The winding motor is mounted on the traction strut and connected to the traction bow via the traction rope. The traction bow is positioned above the mattress body, and mounting heads are provided at both ends of the open side of the traction bow. Perforations are provided on the mounting heads, and the traction needle passes through the perforations of the two mounting heads. The traction needle is fixed to the mounting heads via the connecting component. The camera is used to collect data on the angle between the long bone axis of the patient's lower limb and the traction rope. The traction assembly also includes two anti-displacement airbags, which are mounted on the traction needle and respectively contact the inner sides of the two mounting heads of the traction bow.

[0014] The power supply unit is mounted on the support frame and is used to provide electrical energy;

[0015] The input signal of the controller is connected to the pressure sensor, temperature and humidity sensor and camera, and the output signal of the controller is connected to the air supply assembly, exhaust assembly, temperature control unit and winding motor.

[0016] The treatment component includes a U-shaped rod and a plurality of mounting seats spaced apart on the U-shaped rod. The U-shaped rod is mounted above the mattress body and its two ends are connected to the support frame. The mounting seats can be used to mount a physiotherapy laser.

[0017] Furthermore, the connecting component includes a hollow screw, a protective sleeve, and a fastening screw. One end of the hollow screw is threaded to the through hole, and the traction pin passes through the interior of the hollow screw and the through hole. The protective sleeve is threaded onto the other end of the hollow screw to cover the end of the traction pin, and the fastening screw is threaded to the mounting head to extend into the through hole and press the traction pin.

[0018] Furthermore, the outer wall of the protective sleeve is provided with a viewing hole.

[0019] Furthermore, a lifting ring is provided on the traction bow, and the traction rope is connected to the lifting ring, with the lifting ring located at the center line of the traction bow.

[0020] Furthermore, the temperature control unit includes a heating wire, a thermoelectric cooler, and a temperature-conducting pad. The temperature-conducting pad is laid on the mattress body, and the heating wire and the thermoelectric cooler are disposed on the temperature-conducting pad.

[0021] Furthermore, the support frame includes an upper frame and a lower frame, the upper frame being vertically telescopically connected to the lower frame, and the leg air mattress and traction assembly are both mounted on the upper frame.

[0022] Furthermore, the mattress body includes a lower leg support and a thigh support that are movably connected to each other. The support airbag is disposed on the lower leg support of the mattress body, and an angle adjustment knob is disposed between the lower leg support and the thigh support.

[0023] Furthermore, the air supply assembly includes an air supply pump and several first electrically controlled valves arranged in parallel. The air supply pump is connected to one end of the first electrically controlled valve, and the other end of the first electrically controlled valve is connected to the air inlet of the support airbag.

[0024] Furthermore, the exhaust assembly includes an exhaust manifold and a plurality of second electrically controlled valves arranged in parallel, one end of the second electrically controlled valve being connected to the exhaust port of the support airbag, and the other end of the second electrically controlled valve being connected to the exhaust manifold.

[0025] Secondly, this application also provides a control method for an intelligent lower limb orthopedic traction frame, applied to any of the intelligent lower limb orthopedic traction frames described above, comprising the following steps:

[0026] S1: Inflate each of the support airbags through the air supply component and obtain a first support state with a first air volume;

[0027] S2: The pressure sensor on the support airbag detects the pressure on the support airbag and transmits the pressure information to the controller. The controller divides the mattress body into multiple pressure zones according to the pressure information detected by adjacent pressure sensors and controls the torque of the winding motor.

[0028] S3: When the pressure signal detected by the pressure sensor on the support airbag in the pressure-receiving area does not change after a first time, the controller controls the support airbag in the pressure-receiving area to inflate and deflate, and the support airbag undulates alternately.

[0029] S4: When the temperature and humidity sensor on the support airbag in the pressure zone detects a temperature value exceeding the threshold range, the controller controls the temperature control unit to start cooling or heating the pressure zone.

[0030] S5: When the temperature and humidity sensor on the support airbag in the pressure zone detects that the humidity value exceeds the threshold, the controller sends a humidity alarm signal to the user through the communication module.

[0031] S6: When the camera detects and collects the angle data between the long bone axis of the patient's lower limb and the traction rope, which exceeds the threshold, the controller sends an angle alarm signal to the user through the communication module.

[0032] Beneficial effects

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the intelligent lower limb orthopedic traction frame and its control method described in this application have the following beneficial effects:

[0034] (1) Precise and controllable traction force and intelligent matching: This application uses a winding motor in conjunction with a traction rope to replace the traditional counterweight method of weights / weights to provide traction force. Through the controller's numerical control adjustment of the winding motor, stepless precise adjustment and real-time automatic adjustment of traction force can be achieved. At the same time, the pressure sensor at the top of the array-type support airbag can detect the weight distribution information of the patient's lower limbs on the mattress in real time. The controller estimates the weight of the affected limb and the change in muscle tension based on the pressure data of each pressure zone, thereby intelligently matching and dynamically adjusting the torque of the winding motor, so that the traction force is always adapted to the condition of the patient's lower limbs, which significantly improves the accuracy, consistency and safety of traction therapy. It can also be adjusted remotely, reducing the on-site operation burden of medical staff.

[0035] (2) Active prevention of pressure injury: The leg air mattress of this application adopts parallel support airbags arranged in an array. Each support airbag can be independently inflated and deflated through the corresponding first and second electric control valves. The controller divides the mattress body into multiple pressure zones according to the pressure distribution information detected by the pressure sensor. When the pressure of the support airbag in a certain pressure zone does not change after a first time (preset time), it indicates that the pressure time in that area is too long. The controller then controls the support airbags in that pressure zone to be inflated and deflated alternately, so that the support airbags form an alternating "wave" dynamic support effect, automatically and periodically changing the pressure points of the patient's lower limbs (especially bony prominences such as the heel), fundamentally avoiding the continuous pressure on the same area for a long time, and effectively preventing the occurrence of pressure injury.

[0036] (3) Active local temperature management and blood supply protection: This application achieves bidirectional temperature regulation of the mattress body through a temperature control unit (heating wire, semiconductor cooling chip and temperature-conducting pad), which can actively maintain the local temperature of the lower limbs within a preset control range. When the temperature and humidity sensor detects that the local temperature exceeds the threshold range, the controller automatically starts the temperature control unit to cool down or heat up. On the one hand, a suitable local temperature can prevent tissue from vasospasm and reduced blood supply due to low temperature. Medical staff can also indirectly judge the blood supply status of the lower limbs through local skin temperature data and detect abnormal blood supply in a timely manner. On the other hand, physical cooling can be performed on the local area when swelling and pain need to be reduced, realizing the equipmentization of hot and cold compress therapy.

[0037] (4) Real-time monitoring and alarm of skin temperature and humidity: The temperature and humidity sensor installed on the top of the support airbag can detect the temperature and humidity of the local skin of the lower limbs in real time. When the humidity value exceeds the threshold (indicating excessive local sweating, exudation, or risk of a humid environment), the controller sends a humidity alarm signal through the communication module to remind medical staff to check and deal with it in time, effectively preventing skin maceration, softening, and secondary infection caused by local moisture.

[0038] (5) Real-time monitoring of traction direction to ensure effective traction: The traction component of this application is equipped with a camera to collect data on the angle between the axis of the long bone of the patient's lower limb and the traction rope in real time. When the angle exceeds the threshold, the controller sends an angle alarm signal through the communication module to remind medical staff to adjust the traction direction or the patient's position in time, so as to ensure that the traction force always acts along the axis of the long bone of the lower limb, ensuring the accuracy of fracture reduction and treatment effect, and avoiding poor reduction, insufficient treatment effect or even secondary injury caused by the deviation of the traction rope axis.

[0039] (6) Effective anti-displacement of traction pin: This application sets two anti-displacement airbags on the traction pin, which are in contact with the inner sides of the two mounting heads of the traction bow respectively, forming a double elastic limit on the traction pin. This can effectively prevent the traction pin from moving back and forth axially in the bone perforation during traction, and avoid problems such as pain, expansion of pin tract damage and inaccurate transmission of traction force caused by traction pin displacement.

[0040] (7) Assisted physiotherapy at the puncture site: The treatment component of this application can be equipped with a physiotherapy laser through a U-shaped rod and multiple spaced mounting seats, which can perform low-intensity laser physiotherapy on the local area where the traction needle is punctured, promote local blood circulation and tissue repair in the needle tract, reduce the risk of needle tract infection, and help improve the overall treatment effect.

[0041] (8) Strong structural adaptability and high comfort: The support frame of this application adopts a vertically telescopic upper and lower frame structure, which can adjust the overall height according to the patient's body shape and clinical needs; the mattress body adopts a design with movable connection between the lower leg support and the thigh support, and the angle between the two can be adjusted by the angle adjustment knob, which can adapt to the traction position requirements of different knee flexion angles and improve the patient's bed comfort; the traction rod can rotate relative to the support frame and be locked by the fastening knob, which is convenient for flexibly adjusting the traction direction and storing; the hollow screw, protective sleeve and fastening screw of the connecting parts cooperate to ensure that the traction needle is firmly fixed, while the protective sleeve covers the end of the traction needle to prevent accidental contact and needle tip contamination, and the setting of the fluoroscopic hole makes it easy to observe the needle tip condition.

[0042] To better understand and implement this application, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the intelligent lower limb orthopedic traction frame in the embodiments of this application;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the traction component in an embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram of the support frame, leg air mattress, and traction assembly in the embodiments of this application;

[0046] Figure 4 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the leg air mattress and treatment components in the embodiments of this application;

[0047] Figure 5 This is a partial structural diagram of the leg air mattress in an embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the air supply component, the exhaust component, and the support airbag in an embodiment of this application.

[0049] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the temperature control unit in an embodiment of this application;

[0050] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the signal connection of the intelligent lower limb orthopedic traction frame in the embodiments of this application;

[0051] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0052] 1-Support frame; 11-Upper frame; 12-Lower frame; 13-Fastening knob;

[0053] 2-Leg air mattress;

[0054] 21-Mattress body; 211-Lower leg support; 212-Thigh support; 213-Angle adjustment knob;

[0055] 22-Support airbag; 221-Pressure sensor; 222-Temperature and humidity sensor;

[0056] 23-Gas supply assembly; 231-Gas supply pump; 232-First solenoid valve;

[0057] 24-Exhaust assembly; 241-Second solenoid valve; 242-Exhaust manifold;

[0058] 25-Temperature control unit; 251-Heating wire; 252-Semiconductor cooling chip; 253-Temperature conductive pad;

[0059] 3-Traction assembly; 31-Traction support rod; 32-Winding motor; 33-Traction rope;

[0060] 34-Traction bow; 341-Mounting head; 3411-Perforation;

[0061] 35-traction needle;

[0062] 36-Connecting component; 361-Hollow screw; 362-Protective sleeve; 3621-Through hole; 363-Fasting screw;

[0063] 37-Camera;

[0064] 38-Anti-displacement airbag;

[0065] 4-Power supply unit;

[0066] 5-Controller;

[0067] 6-Treatment component; 61-U-shaped rod; 62-Mounting base;

[0068] 7-Communication module. Detailed Implementation

[0069] To further illustrate the various embodiments, this application provides accompanying drawings. These drawings are part of the disclosure of this application and are mainly used to illustrate the embodiments, and can be used in conjunction with the relevant descriptions in the specification to explain the operating principles of the embodiments. With reference to these drawings, those skilled in the art should be able to understand other possible implementation methods and the advantages of this application.

[0070] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on this application.

[0071] Example 1

[0072] Please see Figures 1 to 8 This embodiment provides an intelligent lower limb orthopedic traction frame, including: a support frame 1, a leg air mattress 2, a traction component 3, a power supply unit 4, a controller 5, and a treatment component 6.

[0073] The support frame 1 is the main support structure of the traction frame in this application, used to support the leg air mattress 2 and the traction assembly 3. The support frame 1 can adopt a metal frame structure to ensure sufficient structural strength and rigidity to meet the traction force bearing requirements of lower limb traction.

[0074] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, the support frame 1 includes an upper frame 11 and a lower frame 12. The upper frame 11 is vertically and telescopically connected to the lower frame 12, and the leg air mattress 2 and the traction assembly 3 are both mounted on the upper frame 11. Specifically, the upper frame 11 can be inserted into the sleeve of the lower frame 12 using a telescopic rod structure, and its height can be locked using positioning pins, locking bolts, or quick-release buckles. This allows for flexible adjustment of the overall height of the traction frame according to the patient's body shape, bed height, and clinical traction position requirements, improving adaptability.

[0075] The leg air mattress 2 is fixed to the support frame 1 and is used to support the patient's lower limbs. The leg air mattress 2 includes a mattress body 21, a support airbag 22, an air supply component 23, an air exhaust component 24, and a temperature control unit 25.

[0076] Multiple support airbags 22 are arranged in an array on the upper side of the mattress body 21 (i.e., the side facing the patient's lower limbs) to form a matrix airbag support array; and each support airbag 22 is arranged in parallel, that is, each support airbag 22 has an independent air inlet and an air outlet, and can be inflated and deflated independently without interfering with each other, thereby realizing independent adjustment of the support height of different areas.

[0077] A pressure sensor 221 and a temperature and humidity sensor 222 are installed on the top of the support airbag 22. The pressure sensor 221 is used to detect the pressure on the top of the support airbag 22, that is, the pressure exerted by the patient's lower limb on the support airbag 22; the temperature and humidity sensor 222 is used to detect the temperature and humidity on the top of the support airbag 22, that is, the temperature and humidity of the skin contact surface of the patient's lower limb. In an array arrangement, the sensors on each support airbag 22 together form a distributed pressure-temperature and humidity monitoring network covering the entire mattress, providing a data basis for the controller's zoned control.

[0078] The air supply component 23 is connected to the air inlet of the support airbag 22 and is used to inflate the support airbag 22; the exhaust component 24 is connected to the exhaust port of the support airbag 22 and is used to exhaust the gas inside the support airbag 22.

[0079] Further, as a preferred embodiment, the air supply assembly 23 includes an air supply pump 231 and a plurality of first electrically controlled valves 232 arranged in parallel. The air supply pump 231 is connected to one end of the first electrically controlled valve 232, and the other end of the first electrically controlled valve 232 is connected to the air inlet of the support airbag 22. The exhaust assembly 24 includes an exhaust manifold 242 and a plurality of second electrically controlled valves 241 arranged in parallel. One end of the second electrically controlled valve 241 is connected to the exhaust port of the support airbag 22, and the other end of the second electrically controlled valve 241 is connected to the exhaust manifold 242.

[0080] Specifically, the air supply pump 231 serves as the air source, and its outlet is connected to the inlet of each parallel first solenoid valve 232 via a main air pipe. The outlet of each first solenoid valve 232 is connected to the inlet of the corresponding support airbag 22 via an independent air pipe. When it is necessary to inflate one (or several) support airbags 22, the controller 5 controls the air supply pump 231 to start and open the corresponding first solenoid valve 232, allowing compressed air (or clean air) to enter the corresponding support airbag 22 and inflate it. After inflation, the first solenoid valve 232 is closed to maintain pressure. Similarly, the exhaust port of each support airbag 22 is connected to a second solenoid valve 241, and the outlets of all second solenoid valves 241 are connected to an exhaust manifold 242. When it is necessary to deflate a support airbag 22, the controller 5 opens the corresponding second solenoid valve 241, and the gas inside the support airbag 22 is discharged through the second solenoid valve 241 and the exhaust manifold 242, causing the support airbag 22 to contract. Both the first and second solenoid valves 232 can be solenoid valves, which offer fast response and facilitate programmed control by the controller 5. Through the above parallel air circuit design, each support airbag 22 can independently achieve any combination of "inflation-pressure holding-deflation", providing an execution basis for subsequent pressure fluctuation control and zoned temperature control.

[0081] The temperature control unit 25 is installed on the mattress body 21 and is used to cool or heat the mattress body 21 to achieve bidirectional active regulation of the local temperature of the lower limbs.

[0082] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, the temperature control unit 25 includes a heating wire 251, a semiconductor cooling chip 252, and a temperature-conducting pad 253. The temperature-conducting pad 253 is laid on the mattress body 21, and the heating wire 251 and the semiconductor cooling chip 252 are disposed on the temperature-conducting pad 253.

[0083] Specifically, the temperature-conducting pad 253 is made of a flexible material with good thermal conductivity (such as a thermally conductive silicone pad) and is directly laid on the upper surface of the mattress body 21. The heating wire 251 is embedded in or laid on the temperature-conducting pad 253 for heating when energized. The semiconductor cooling chip 252 (based on the Peltier effect) is attached to the temperature-conducting pad 253. When energized, its cold side can absorb heat from the temperature-conducting pad 253 to achieve cooling. The hot and cold sides can be switched by changing the direction of the current. The temperature-conducting pad 253 evenly conducts the heat generated by the heating wire 251 or the cold energy generated by the semiconductor cooling chip 252 to the contact surface of the patient's lower limb, avoiding local overheating or overcooling. When heating is needed, the controller 5 controls the heating wire 251 to be energized; when cooling is needed, the controller 5 controls the semiconductor cooling chip 252 to work and cool, thereby achieving bidirectional regulation of the local temperature and maintaining the local temperature of the lower limb within a preset control range.

[0084] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, the mattress body 21 includes a lower leg support 211 and a thigh support 212 that are movably connected to each other. The support airbag 22 is disposed on the lower leg support 211 of the mattress body 21, and an angle adjustment knob 213 is disposed between the lower leg support 211 and the thigh support 212.

[0085] Specifically, the lower leg support 211 and the thigh support 212 are connected by hinges or other movable connection structures. An angle adjustment knob 213 is located at the connection point. Loosening the knob allows for free adjustment of the angle between the lower leg support 211 and the thigh support 212 (i.e., the knee flexion angle). Once adjusted, the knob is tightened to lock the position. This split design allows for flexible adjustment of the lower leg and thigh support angles according to different patients and traction positions (such as tibial tuberosity traction and calcaneal traction, which require different knee flexion angles), improving patient comfort while ensuring traction effectiveness. The support airbags 22 are concentrated on the lower leg support 211 because the lower leg (including the heel) is the main part in contact with the bed surface and experiences pressure during lower limb skeletal traction, making it a high-risk area for pressure injuries. Placing the array of airbags here precisely covers this high-risk area for pressure injuries.

[0086] The traction assembly 3 is used to implement bone traction. The traction assembly 3 includes a traction strut 31, a winding motor 32, a traction rope 33, a traction bow 34, a traction needle 35, a connecting component 36, and a camera 37.

[0087] The traction rod 31 is rotatably connected to the support frame 1, and a fastening knob 13 is provided between the traction rod 31 and the support frame 1. Specifically, the traction rod 31 is rotatably connected to the support frame 1 (preferably the upper frame 11) through a rotating shaft, hinge seat, or other structures, and can swing around a horizontal axis to adjust the traction direction and traction height of the traction rope 33. After adjustment, tightening the fastening knob 13 locks the traction rod 31 and the support frame 1 together to prevent accidental rotation of the traction rod 31 during traction, which could cause a change in traction direction.

[0088] The winding motor 32 is mounted on the traction support rod 31 and is connected to the traction bow 34 via a traction rope 33. The winding motor 32 is a CNC motor, and a winding wheel can be mounted on its output shaft. One end of the traction rope 33 is fixed and wound onto the winding wheel. When the winding motor 32 rotates forward, it winds the rope, increasing the tension (i.e., traction force) of the traction rope 33; when it rotates in reverse, it releases the rope, decreasing the traction force. The winding motor 32 has a built-in torque detector (or is detected by a torque sensor). The controller 5 can precisely control the output torque of the winding motor 32 based on the torque feedback, thereby precisely replacing the traditional counterweight traction force with the CNC pulling force of the motor, achieving stepless precise adjustment and dynamic maintenance of the traction force.

[0089] The traction bow 34 is positioned above the mattress body 21 and is used to connect the traction needle 35 and transmit traction force. Each of the two ends of the traction bow 34 on its open side has a mounting head 341 with a through hole 3411. The traction needle 35 passes through the through holes 3411 of the two mounting heads 341 and is fixed to the mounting head 341 by the connecting member 36.

[0090] In use, first pass the traction needle 35 (Kirschner wire or Steinmann wire) through the patient's bone (such as the tibial tuberosity), then insert both ends of the traction needle 35 into the holes 3411 of the two mounting heads 341 of the traction bow 34, then fix the traction needle 35 to the mounting head 341 through the connecting component 36, and finally tighten the traction rope 33 through the winding motor 32 to implement traction.

[0091] Further, as a preferred embodiment, the connecting component 36 includes a hollow screw 361, a protective sleeve 362, and a fastening screw 363. One end of the hollow screw 361 is threaded to the through hole 3411, and the traction pin 35 passes through the interior of the hollow screw 361 and the through hole 3411. The protective sleeve 362 is threaded onto the other end of the hollow screw 361 to cover the end of the traction pin 35. The fastening screw 363 is threaded to the mounting head 341 to extend into the through hole 3411 and press the traction pin 35.

[0092] Specifically, the inner wall of the perforation 3411 is provided with internal threads, and the hollow screw 361 is a screw with an axial through hole. One end of the screw is screwed into the perforation 3411 and coaxially connected with the perforation 3411. The traction needle 35 passes through the perforation 3411 on one side and the internal through hole of the hollow screw 361 in sequence, and then passes through the opening of the traction bow 34. The fastening screw 363 is tightened so that its end extends into the perforation 3411 to press the traction needle 35 tightly, thereby achieving radial fixation between the traction needle 35 and the mounting head 341 and preventing the traction needle 35 from moving relative to the mounting head 341. The protective sleeve 362 is threaded onto the outer end of the hollow screw 361, completely covering the end of the traction needle 35 that is exposed in the hollow screw 361 within the sleeve. This prevents the sharp needle tip of the traction needle 35 from accidentally injuring medical staff or scratching clothing, and also provides isolation and protection for the needle tip, reducing contamination. Furthermore, the outer wall of the protective sleeve 362 is provided with a viewing hole 3621, through which medical personnel can observe the condition of the covered traction needle 35 needle tip at any time (such as whether there is bending, displacement, or leakage of needle tract fluid), thus taking into account both protection and visibility.

[0093] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, the traction assembly 3 further includes two anti-displacement airbags 38, which are mounted on the traction needle 35 and respectively contact the inner sides of the two mounting heads 341 of the traction bow 34.

[0094] Specifically, the two anti-displacement airbags 38 are annular airbags (or airbag sleeves that are inflated and tightened and fixed to the traction needle 35) that are fitted and fixed to the traction needle 35. They are located inside the opening of the traction bow 34 and close to the inner sides of the two mounting heads 341, respectively. After the anti-displacement airbags 38 are inflated, their airbag bodies press against the inner sides of the corresponding mounting heads 341 and the sides of the patient's lower limbs from both sides, thus blocking and limiting the axial movement of the traction needle 35. When the patient's lower limb muscles contract or the limb moves in an attempt to drive the traction needle 35 to move axially, the anti-displacement airbags 38 immediately press against the mounting heads 341, preventing the traction needle 35 from continuing to move. This effectively prevents the traction needle 35 from moving back and forth inside the bone perforation, avoiding the expansion of needle tract damage, patient pain, and inaccurate transmission of traction force.

[0095] The camera 37 is mounted on the traction strut 31 and is used to collect data on the angle between the long bone axis of the patient's lower limb and the traction rope 33. Specifically, the camera 37 can be installed at a suitable position on the traction strut 31, with its lens covering the patient's lower limb (traction segment) and the traction rope 33. The camera 37 captures images in real time containing the long bones of the lower limb (such as the tibia) and the traction rope 33. An image recognition algorithm (which can be executed by the image processing module built into the controller 5, or by the host computer / mobile terminal connected to the controller 5) identifies the straight line direction of the long bone axis of the lower limb and the traction rope, and calculates the angle between them. This angle directly reflects whether the traction direction is coaxial with the long bone axis: an angle close to 0° (or within the allowable threshold) indicates that the traction direction is correct; an angle exceeding the threshold indicates that the traction rope axis is deviated, and the controller 5 issues an angle alarm accordingly.

[0096] Furthermore, a lifting ring (not shown in the figure) is provided on the traction bow 34. The lifting ring is connected to the traction rope 33 and is located at the center line of the traction bow 34, thereby ensuring that the applied traction force is centered and that the traction direction is correct.

[0097] Power supply unit 4 is mounted on the support frame 1 to provide electrical energy. Power supply unit 4 can be a rechargeable lithium battery pack or a power adapter module to power the controller 5, air pump 231, various electronically controlled valves, winding motor 32, temperature control unit 25, various sensors, camera 37, and other electrical components. When using a rechargeable battery solution, the traction frame can be used without mains power, facilitating transportation and responding to sudden power outages.

[0098] The controller 5 is the core of the traction frame and can be a microcontroller (MCU), PLC, or embedded controller. The input signals of the controller 5 are connected to the pressure sensor 221, the temperature and humidity sensor 222, and the camera 37. The output signals of the controller 5 are connected to the air supply assembly 23 (including the air supply pump 231 and the first solenoid valve 232), the exhaust assembly 24 (including the second solenoid valve 241), the temperature control unit 25 (including the heating wire 251 and the semiconductor cooling chip 252), and the winding motor 32.

[0099] The controller 5 collects the detection data of the pressure sensor 221 and temperature and humidity sensor 222 on each support airbag 22 in real time, as well as the angle data of the camera 37. After the built-in program calculates, it outputs control signals to drive the air supply component 23, the exhaust component 24, the temperature control unit 25 and the winding motor 32 to work together to realize intelligent functions such as zoned dynamic anti-pressure, zoned temperature adjustment, traction force numerical control adjustment and traction direction monitoring and alarm.

[0100] Furthermore, the traction frame of this application is also equipped with a communication module 7, which is connected to the controller 5 via signal. It can use wireless communication methods such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and 4G / 5G to send humidity alarm signals, angle alarm signals, etc. to the user's mobile terminal (such as the monitoring host of the nurse station or the mobile APP of medical staff) to realize remote monitoring and remote control operation (such as remote adjustment of the winding motor torque).

[0101] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, the treatment component 6 of the intelligent lower limb orthopedic traction frame includes a U-shaped rod 61 and a plurality of mounting seats 62 spaced apart on the U-shaped rod 61. The U-shaped rod 61 is mounted above the mattress body 21 and its two ends are connected to the support frame 1. The mounting seats 62 can be used to mount a physiotherapy laser.

[0102] Specifically, the U-shaped rod 61 is an arched / gate-shaped rod spanning the mattress body 21, with both ends fixedly connected to the support frame 1 (such as the upper frame 11). The spanning section of the U-shaped rod 61 is located at a certain height above the mattress body 21, without obstructing the patient's lower limbs. Multiple mounting seats 62 are spaced apart along the spanning section of the U-shaped rod 61. Each mounting seat 62 has a downward-facing mounting interface, allowing the physiotherapy laser to be mounted on a suitable mounting seat 62 according to the location and number of puncture sites. The physiotherapy laser emits low-intensity laser light (such as a low-energy helium-neon laser or semiconductor laser), which is aimed at the local skin / needle tract puncture site of the traction needle 35 to promote local blood circulation, reduce inflammation and swelling, promote tissue repair, and reduce the risk of complications such as needle tract infection. The multiple mounting seats 62 allow for flexible selection and combination of physiotherapy positions to adapt to different puncture sites. Among them, multiple U-shaped rods 61 can be set, and multiple U-shaped rods 61 are spaced apart to improve the physiotherapy effect. They can also slide along the upper frame 11, so as to facilitate flexible adjustment of the position.

[0103] Example 2

[0104] This embodiment provides a control method for the intelligent lower limb orthopedic traction frame described in Embodiment 1, including the following steps:

[0105] S1: Each of the support airbags 22 is inflated by the air supply component 23, and a first support state with a first air volume is obtained.

[0106] Specifically, during the traction preparation phase, the controller 5 controls the air supply pump 231 to start and opens each of the first electronic control valves 232 to fill each support airbag 22 with the first amount of gas, so that all the support airbags 22 expand to the initial working height, forming a flat and uniform first support state, and the patient's lower limb (affected limb) is placed on the mattress in this support state.

[0107] S2: The pressure sensor 221 on the support airbag 22 detects the pressure on the support airbag 22 and transmits the pressure information to the controller 5. The controller 5 divides the mattress body 21 into multiple pressure zones according to the pressure information detected by the adjacent pressure sensors 221, and controls the torque of the winding motor 32.

[0108] Specifically, after the patient's lower limbs are placed, the pressure on the support airbags 22 in different areas varies: the pressure sensor 221 readings are higher in areas with concentrated pressure, such as the heel and calf, while the readings are lower in areas that are suspended or in light contact. After the controller 5 collects the pressure information from all the pressure sensors 221, it aggregates and divides the areas covered by the support airbags 22 that are spatially adjacent and have similar pressure levels into a single pressure zone, thereby dividing the mattress body 21 into multiple pressure zones (such as the heel zone, the proximal calf zone, and the distal calf zone). Meanwhile, the controller 5 sums / weights the pressure data of each pressure zone to estimate the weight distribution of the patient's lower limbs on the mattress. Based on this, it determines the traction force value that matches the affected limb and outputs the corresponding torque control signal to the winding motor 32. The winding motor 32 is controlled to wind the traction rope 33 with the torque, so that the actual traction force matches the weight of the patient's lower limbs and the state of muscle tension. This realizes a closed loop of "sensing the weight of the affected limb - intelligently matching the traction force", which replaces the traditional method of manually attaching weights based on experience. The traction force is more accurate and can be dynamically adjusted according to the patient's state.

[0109] S3: When the pressure signal detected by the pressure sensor 221 on the support airbag 22 in the pressure-receiving area does not change after a first time, the controller 5 controls the support airbag 22 in the pressure-receiving area to inflate and deflate, and the support airbag 22 undulates.

[0110] Specifically, "the pressure signal does not change after the first time" (or the change is less than the preset judgment threshold) means that the skin tissue in the pressure-affected area has been under continuous pressure for more than the first time (such as any preset value set between 30 minutes and 2 hours), and is in a high-risk state for pressure injury. At this time, the controller 5 controls the staggered inflation and deflation of the support airbags 22 in the pressure-affected area: for example, deflating the odd-numbered support airbags 22 in the affected area while inflating the even-numbered support airbags 22, maintaining this for a period of time, and then reversing the operation. In this way, the support airbags 22 in the pressure-affected area form a staggered, undulating wave-like dynamic support, and the pressure points of the patient's lower limbs periodically rotate between odd and even-numbered airbags, allowing the pressure-affected skin tissue to alternately receive decompression and relaxation, fundamentally avoiding prolonged continuous pressure on the same area and effectively preventing pressure injury. At the same time, because the adjacent airbags compensate for each other by rising and falling, the overall support height of the affected area remains basically unchanged, and the patient's lower limb position and traction status will not be disturbed by the fluctuations, ensuring that the pressure ulcer prevention operation and traction treatment do not interfere with each other.

[0111] S4: When the temperature and humidity sensor 222 on the support airbag 22 in the pressure zone detects a temperature value exceeding the threshold range, the controller 5 controls the temperature control unit 25 to start cooling or heating the pressure zone.

[0112] Specifically, the temperature and humidity sensor 222 corresponding to each pressure zone monitors the local temperature of that area in real time. When the detected temperature value is higher than the upper limit of the preset threshold range (indicating local overheating, possibly due to inflammation or excessively high ambient temperature), the controller 5 controls the semiconductor cooling chip 252 of the temperature control unit 25 to activate cooling, thus lowering the temperature of the pressure zone. When the detected temperature value is lower than the lower limit of the threshold range (indicating local overcooling, possibly due to vasospasm or reduced blood supply), the controller 5 controls the heating wire 251 to activate heating, thus raising the temperature of the pressure zone. Through this closed-loop temperature control, the local temperature of the lower limb is always maintained within the controllable range: on the one hand, it avoids excessively low local temperature leading to vasospasm and reduced blood supply; medical staff can also indirectly judge the blood supply status of the lower limb and detect abnormal blood supply in a timely manner from the local skin temperature data; on the other hand, when necessary, physical cooling and swelling reduction can be applied to the local area, realizing the equipment-based cold / hot compress therapy. In addition, continuous monitoring of local skin temperature also provides early warning to avoid tissue necrosis caused by reduced blood supply.

[0113] S5: When the temperature and humidity sensor 222 on the support airbag 22 in the pressure zone detects that the humidity value exceeds the threshold, the controller 5 sends a humidity alarm signal to the user through the communication module 7.

[0114] Specifically, when the temperature and humidity sensor 222 detects that the humidity value in a certain pressure-affected area exceeds the threshold, it indicates that the area may be sweating excessively, have seepage, or have damp padding. A persistently damp environment can lead to skin maceration and softening, decreased resistance, and a significant increase in the risk of pressure injury and infection. The controller 5 then sends a humidity alarm signal to the user (nurse station monitoring host or medical staff mobile terminal) through the communication module 7, reminding medical staff to check the skin condition of the affected area in a timely manner, change the padding, or take appropriate measures to eliminate the risk in the early stages.

[0115] S6: When the camera 37 detects and collects the angle data between the long bone axis of the patient's lower limb and the traction rope 33, which exceeds the threshold, the controller 5 sends an angle alarm signal to the user through the communication module 7.

[0116] Specifically, throughout the traction treatment, camera 37 continuously acquires images containing the patient's lower limb long bones and traction rope 33, identifying and calculating the real-time angle between the long bone axis and the traction rope 33. Under normal traction conditions, the traction rope 33 should be coaxial with the lower limb long bone axis (angle close to 0° or less than the allowable threshold). When the angle exceeds the threshold due to changes in patient position, disturbance to the traction device, or other reasons, controller 5 sends an angle alarm signal to the user through communication module 7, reminding medical staff to correct the traction direction or adjust the patient's position in a timely manner to ensure that the traction force always acts along the long bone axis, guaranteeing the fracture reduction effect and avoiding poor reduction or secondary injury caused by deviation of the traction force direction.

[0117] The above steps S2 to S6 are performed continuously and in parallel during the traction treatment, forming a real-time monitoring and automatic control system integrating "pressure, temperature, humidity and angle". This enables the intelligent lower limb orthopedic traction frame of this application to automatically maintain a safe, accurate and comfortable treatment state throughout the traction period, significantly reducing the incidence of complications and adverse events such as pressure injury, needle tract infection and traction failure, while also reducing the monitoring burden on medical staff.

[0118] Example 3

[0119] As a further supplement to the above embodiments, this embodiment provides a typical clinical usage procedure for an intelligent lower limb orthopedic traction frame to facilitate understanding:

[0120] (1) Adjust the height of the upper frame 11 and the lower frame 12 according to the patient's body shape and traction position requirements, and adjust the angle between the lower leg support 211 and the thigh support 212 before locking the angle adjustment knob 213.

[0121] (2) The controller 5 executes step S1, the air supply component 23 inflates each support airbag 22 to the first air volume, and the mattress forms the first support state;

[0122] (3) Insert the traction needle 35 into the bone of the patient's affected limb (such as the tibial tuberosity), insert both ends of the traction needle 35 into the holes 3411 of the mounting heads 341 on both sides of the traction bow 34 (with hollow screws 361 inside), tighten the fastening screws 363 to press the traction needle 35, install and inflate two anti-displacement airbags 38 on the traction needle 35 so that they press against the inside of the mounting heads 341 on both sides, and then screw the protective sleeves 362 on both ends of the traction needle 35 to cover the needle ends;

[0123] (4) Rotate the traction rod 31 to adjust the traction direction so that the traction rope 33 is roughly aligned with the axis of the long bone, and tighten the fastening knob 13 to lock it.

[0124] (5) The patient’s affected limb is placed on the mattress. Step S2 is executed. The controller 5 divides the pressure zone, estimates the weight of the affected limb, and controls the winding motor 32 to apply matching traction torque, thus officially starting the traction treatment.

[0125] (6) During traction, the controller 5 continuously executes steps S3 to S6, automatically completing the anti-pressure of the pressure zone, the temperature rise and fall of the overheat zone, humidity alarm and angle alarm. Medical staff can handle the situation remotely or on-site according to the alarm information.

[0126] (7) If physiotherapy is required for the puncture site, install the physiotherapy laser on the mounting base 62 aligned with the puncture site for laser irradiation physiotherapy.

[0127] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An intelligent lower limb orthopedic traction frame, characterized in that, include: Support frame, leg air mattress, traction assembly, power supply unit, controller, and treatment assembly; The leg air mattress is fixed to the support frame. The leg air mattress includes a mattress body, support airbags, an air supply component, an air exhaust component, and a temperature control unit. Multiple support airbags are arranged in an array on the upper side of the mattress body, and each support airbag is arranged in parallel. A pressure sensor and a temperature and humidity sensor are provided on the top of the support airbag. The air supply component is connected to the air inlet of the support airbag, and the air exhaust component is connected to the air outlet of the support airbag. The temperature control unit is located on the mattress body and is used to cool or heat the mattress body. The traction assembly includes a traction rod, a winding motor, a traction rope, a traction bow, a traction needle, a connecting component, and a camera. The traction rod is rotatably connected to the support frame, and a fastening knob is provided between the traction rod and the support frame. The winding motor is mounted on the traction rod and connected to the traction bow via the traction rope. The traction bow is positioned above the mattress body, and mounting heads are provided at both ends of the traction bow's open side. Perforations are provided on the mounting heads, and the traction needle passes through the perforations of the two mounting heads. The traction needle is fixed to the mounting heads via the connecting component. The camera is mounted on the traction rod and is used to collect data on the angle between the long bone axis of the patient's lower limb and the traction rope. The traction assembly also includes two anti-displacement airbags, which are mounted on the traction needle and respectively contact the inner sides of the two mounting heads of the traction bow. The power supply unit is mounted on the support frame and is used to provide electrical energy; The input signal of the controller is connected to the pressure sensor, temperature and humidity sensor and camera, and the output signal of the controller is connected to the air supply assembly, exhaust assembly, temperature control unit and winding motor. The treatment component includes a U-shaped rod and a plurality of mounting seats spaced apart on the U-shaped rod. The U-shaped rod is mounted above the mattress body and its two ends are connected to the support frame. The mounting seats can be used to mount a physiotherapy laser.

2. The intelligent lower limb orthopedic traction frame according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting component includes a hollow screw, a protective sleeve, and a fastening screw. One end of the hollow screw is threaded to the through hole. The traction pin passes through the interior of the hollow screw and the through hole. The protective sleeve is threaded onto the other end of the hollow screw to cover the end of the traction pin. The fastening screw is threaded to the mounting head to extend into the through hole and press the traction pin.

3. The intelligent lower limb orthopedic traction frame according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer wall of the protective sleeve is provided with a viewing hole.

4. The intelligent lower limb orthopedic traction frame according to claim 1, characterized in that: The traction bow is equipped with a lifting ring, and the traction rope is connected to the lifting ring. The lifting ring is located at the center line of the traction bow.

5. The intelligent lower limb orthopedic traction frame according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature control unit includes a heating wire, a semiconductor cooling chip, and a temperature-conducting pad. The temperature-conducting pad is laid on the mattress body, and the heating wire and the semiconductor cooling chip are disposed on the temperature-conducting pad.

6. The intelligent lower limb orthopedic traction frame according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support frame includes an upper frame and a lower frame. The upper frame is vertically telescopically connected to the lower frame. The leg air mattress and the traction assembly are both mounted on the upper frame.

7. The intelligent lower limb orthopedic traction frame according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mattress body includes a lower leg support and a thigh support that are movably connected to each other. The support airbag is disposed on the lower leg support of the mattress body, and an angle adjustment knob is disposed between the lower leg support and the thigh support.

8. The intelligent lower limb orthopedic traction frame according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: The air supply assembly includes an air supply pump and several first electrically controlled valves arranged in parallel. The air supply pump is connected to one end of the first electrically controlled valve, and the other end of the first electrically controlled valve is connected to the air inlet of the support airbag.

9. The intelligent lower limb orthopedic traction frame according to claim 8, characterized in that: The exhaust assembly includes an exhaust manifold and several second electrically controlled valves arranged in parallel. One end of the second electrically controlled valve is connected to the exhaust port of the support airbag, and the other end of the second electrically controlled valve is connected to the exhaust manifold.

10. A control method, employing the intelligent lower limb orthopedic traction frame as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Inflate each of the support airbags through the air supply component and obtain a first support state with a first air volume; S2: The pressure sensor on the support airbag detects the pressure on the support airbag and transmits the pressure information to the controller. The controller divides the mattress body into multiple pressure zones according to the pressure information detected by adjacent pressure sensors and controls the torque of the winding motor. S3: When the pressure signal detected by the pressure sensor on the support airbag in the pressure-receiving area does not change after a first time, the controller controls the support airbag in the pressure-receiving area to inflate and deflate, and the support airbag undulates alternately. S4: When the temperature and humidity sensor on the support airbag in the pressure zone detects a temperature value exceeding the threshold range, the controller controls the temperature control unit to start cooling or heating the pressure zone. S5: When the temperature and humidity sensor on the support airbag in the pressure zone detects that the humidity value exceeds the threshold, the controller sends a humidity alarm signal to the user through the communication module. S6: When the camera detects and collects the angle data between the long bone axis of the patient's lower limb and the traction rope, which exceeds the threshold, the controller sends an angle alarm signal to the user through the communication module.

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