Oil solubilizing system based on ppg-6-decyltetradecylpolyether-30 and its use

CN122997997APending Publication Date: 2026-10-30SHANGHAI JAHWA UNITED
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Patent Information

Application Number
CN202610875583.5
Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Applications(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
Filing Date
2026-06-17
Publication Date
2026-10-30

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

但目前传统增溶剂存在显著的技术缺陷:其一,亲水性过强、亲油性不足

Benefits of technology

[0007]本发明的目的在于提供一种油脂增溶组合物,通过PPG6癸基十四醇聚醚30,或其与多元醇精准复配,可高效增溶碳链≥C12的长碳链油脂,使其稳定溶解于水相中,实现低添加量、高增溶效率、高低温稳定性优异、低刺激且肤感清爽的增溶效果。

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Abstract

The present application discloses a PPG6 decyltetradecyl polyether 30-based oil solubilizing system, which comprises: PPG6 decyltetradecyl polyether 30, long-chain oil with a carbon chain length of greater than or equal to C12, and water, wherein the weight ratio of PPG6 decyltetradecyl polyether 30 to long-chain oil with a carbon chain length of greater than or equal to C12 in the system is greater than or equal to 6:1. The present application also relates to the use of PPG6 decyltetradecyl polyether 30 in solubilizing long-chain oil with a carbon chain length of greater than or equal to C12, and the application of the PPG6 decyltetradecyl polyether 30-based oil solubilizing system in skin external agents.
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Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of daily chemical products technology, specifically to a PPG-based... 6 Decyltetradecyl alcohol polyether Oil-oil solubilizing compositions with 30 as the core and their applications. Background Technology

[0002] In cosmetic formulations, oils are important functional and skin-feel regulating ingredients, providing moisturizing, repairing, and water-locking effects to the skin, thus enhancing the user experience and efficacy of products. However, oils are highly oil-soluble and have low polarity, making them unsuitable for direct addition to water-based products such as toners, serums, and water-soluble essences. They require solubilizers to achieve dissolution and a transparent, homogeneous, and stable aqueous system.

[0003] Solubilization refers to the process by which a solubilizer, upon reaching a critical micelle concentration in water, self-assembles through its amphiphilic structure to form micelles that are hydrophilic on the outside and hydrophobic on the inside, thus stably dispersing in the aqueous phase as molecular aggregates to form a homogeneous and transparent solution. However, traditional solubilizers currently have significant technical defects: First, they are excessively hydrophilic and insufficiently lipophilic. Their solubilization effect on high-viscosity, long-chain oils (such as meadowfoam seed oil, peony seed oil, and diisostearyl malate) is extremely poor, making them unsuitable for the formulation requirements of highly nourishing aqueous products. Second, their solubilization efficiency is low. High dosages are usually required, which easily leads to foaming, stickiness when applied, thick film formation, and a certain degree of irritation. Third, the micelle structure has poor stability. At low temperatures, the micelle cavity shrinks, reducing its ability to encapsulate and bind oils, causing oils to easily precipitate and crystallize, manifesting as white flocculent matter, turbidity, or even stratification, severely affecting the product's appearance and performance. In summary, developing a technical solution that can fundamentally improve the solubility efficiency of long-chain lipids, solve the problem of low-temperature precipitation, and at the same time take into account skin feel and gentleness is a technical challenge that urgently needs to be solved in the cosmetics industry.

[0004] In the prior art, the patent with publication number CN117017830A mainly focuses on the solubilization of lipophilic active ingredients, without optimizing the formulation for long carbon chain oils with a carbon chain length greater than C12, nor examining the high and low temperature stability of the system. Therefore, it fails to address the core pain points of long carbon chain oils being difficult to solubilize and prone to precipitation at low temperatures. The patent with publication number CN 110339081 B only focuses on the stability optimization of oil-soluble peptides, similarly without involving the solubilization of long carbon chain oils or research on high and low temperature stability. It is evident that the above two prior art technologies differ fundamentally from this invention in terms of scope of application, the pain points addressed, and the technical approach.

[0005] PPG-6-decyltetradecyl alcohol polyether-30 is a safe ingredient listed in the "Catalogue of Used Cosmetic Ingredients (2021 Edition)" with CAS number 72484-69-6. It is commonly used as an emulsifier. Due to its structure containing hydrophobic long carbon chains and hydrophilic polyether groups, it possesses suitable lipophilic and hydrophilic properties, enabling it to efficiently encapsulate oil-phase components and form dense solubilizing micelles. Meanwhile, the polyol combines hydrophilic moisturizing, solubilizing, and stabilizing effects, optimizing the polar environment of the aqueous phase and assisting PPG... 6 Decyltetradecyl alcohol polyether 30. It forms a dense and stable micelle structure, which enhances the micelles' ability to encapsulate oils and their dispersion uniformity, thereby reducing the amount of solubilizer added while enhancing the product's moisturizing performance and improving the skin feel of the aqueous solution.

[0006] In summary, this invention innovatively utilizes PPG. 6 Decyltetradecyl alcohol polyether 30, or its compound system with polyols, significantly improves the solubilization efficiency and system stability of long carbon chain oils with carbon chains ≥ C12 in the aqueous phase, solving the industry pain points of traditional aqueous products such as difficulty in oil solubilization, easy stratification, poor skin feel, and weak stability, and is suitable for the production needs of various high-end refreshing and nourishing aqueous cosmetics. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide an oil-soluble composition, which utilizes PPG 6 Decyltetradecyl alcohol polyether 30, or its precise blend with polyols, can efficiently solubilize long-chain oils with carbon chains ≥ C12, enabling them to dissolve stably in the aqueous phase, achieving a solubilizing effect with low addition amount, high solubilization efficiency, excellent high and low temperature stability, low irritation, and a refreshing feel on the skin.

[0008] This application provides a PPG-based... 6 Decyltetradecyl alcohol polyether A 30% oil solubilizing system, comprising: PPG 6 Decyltetradecyl alcohol polyether 30. Long-chain fats and oils with a carbon chain length ≥ C12 and water, wherein PPG is present in the system. 6 Decyltetradecyl alcohol polyether The weight ratio of 30 and long-chain fats with a carbon chain length ≥ C12 is ≥ 6:1.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the system further comprises a polyol.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, PPG in the system 6 Decyltetradecyl alcohol polyether The weight ratio of 30 to long-chain fats with a carbon chain length ≥ C12 is ≥ 4:1, PPG 6 Decyltetradecyl alcohol polyether The weight ratio of 30 to polyol is ≥2:1.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, PPG in the system 6 Decyltetradecyl alcohol polyether The weight ratio of 30 to polyol is 4-10:0-3.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, PPG in the system 6 Decyltetradecyl alcohol polyether The weight ratio of 30 to polyol is 4-5:2-3.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the polyol in the system is selected from glycerol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,3-butanediol, or a combination of the three.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the long-chain oil with a carbon chain length ≥ C12 is selected from at least one of the following: meadowfoam seed oil, peony seed oil, jojoba oil, and diisostearyl malate.

[0015] This application also provides PPG. 6 Decyltetradecyl alcohol polyether Applications of 30-solubilizing long-chain greases with carbon chain length ≥ C12.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the long-chain oil with a carbon chain length ≥ C12 is selected from at least one oil from the following: meadowfoam seed oil, peony seed oil, jojoba oil, and diisostearyl malate. The PPG used in the application... 6 Decyltetradecyl alcohol polyether The weight ratio of 30 and long-chain fats with a carbon chain length ≥ C12 is ≥ 6:1.

[0017] This application also provides PPG-based... 6 Decyltetradecyl alcohol polyether The application of a 30% oil-soluble system in topical skin agents, wherein the topical skin agents are lotions, gels, sprays, and shower gels. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1Photographs of samples prepared in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 2, 4, and 6-7 are shown. Figure 2 The images show photographs of the samples from Examples 1-4 after being placed at 48°C for one month; Figure 3 The images show photographs of the samples from Examples 1-4 after being placed at -15°C for one month; Figure 4 Photographs of the samples prepared in Examples 8-10 and Comparative Examples 8, 10, and 14 are shown. Figure 5 The images show photographs of the samples from Examples 8-10 and Comparative Example 14 after being placed at 48°C for one month; Figure 6 The images show photographs of the samples from Examples 8-10 and Comparative Example 14 after being placed at -15°C for one month. Detailed Implementation

[0019] This invention creatively provides an oil-soluble composition, using PPG 6 Decyltetradecyl alcohol polyether 30, or its precise blend with polyols, can efficiently solubilize long-chain oils with carbon chains ≥ C12, enabling them to dissolve stably in the aqueous phase, achieving a solubilizing effect with low addition amount, high solubilization efficiency, excellent high and low temperature stability, low irritation, and a refreshing feel on the skin.

[0020] The following describes the technical solution of the present invention in detail through preferred embodiments. However, the scope of the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, which are intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and not to limit the scope of the present invention. Test methods in the following embodiments that do not specify specific conditions are generally performed under conventional conditions or as recommended by the manufacturer. Unless otherwise stated, all percentages and parts are by weight.

[0021] Long-chain fats with a carbon chain length of ≥C12 The long carbon chain oils with a carbon chain length ≥ C12 described in this application can be selected from at least one of the following: meadowfoam seed oil, peony seed oil, jojoba oil, and diisostearyl malate.

[0022] Example The present invention will be further illustrated below with reference to specific embodiments. However, these embodiments do not constitute any limitation on the present invention and are only used to illustrate the present invention. Any limited modifications made within the scope of the claims of the present invention are still within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

[0023] Unless otherwise stated, percentages and parts are by weight. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as are familiar to those skilled in the art. Furthermore, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may be applied to the methods of this invention. The preferred embodiments and materials described herein are for illustrative purposes only.

[0024] The experimental materials used in the embodiments of the present invention are as follows: (a) Experimental materials 1. PPG 6 Decyltetradecyl alcohol polyether 30, Product name NIKKOL SG-DTD630, purchased from NIPPON SURFACTANTINDUSTRIES CO., LTD. 2. PEG-40 hydrogenated castor oil, trade name Cremophor® RH 40, purchased from BASF (China) Co., Ltd.

[0025] 3. PEG-40 hydrogenated castor oil / PPG-26-butanol polyether-26, trade name SOLUBILISANT LRI, purchased from Sensient Cosmetic Technologies France. 4,1,3-Propanediol, trade name Zemea® Propanediol, purchased from Primient Covation LLC. 5. 1,3-Butanediol, trade name Carfil 1,3BG, purchased from Wanhua Chemical Group Co., Ltd.

[0026] 6. Glycerin, brand name MASCEROL Glycerine 99.7% USP, purchased from PT MUSIM MAS. 7. Meadowfoam seed oil, trade name FANCOR MEADOWFOAM® SEED OIL, purchased from Haimings (Shanghai) New Materials Co., Ltd.

[0027] 8. Peony seed oil, purchased from Heze Kangpu Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0028] 9. Jojoba oil, trade name DW Jojoba Colorless, purchased from Vantage Specialty Chemicals, Inc. 10. Diisostearyl malate, brand name COSMOL 222, purchased from The Nisshin OilliO Group Ltd. 11. Deionized water (homemade) (II) Experimental Instruments 1. Fixed mixer IKA RW20 2. Weighing balance METTLER TOLEDO PL602-S 3. MMM Friocell 707 incubator 4. Electric Thermostatic Water Bath, Shanghai Yiheng Scientific Instruments Co., Ltd., Model HWS28 (III) Examples and Process Description The following examples and comparative samples were prepared according to the component addition amounts shown in Table 1 to study PPG. 6 Decyltetradecyl alcohol polyether Solubilization of 30 pairs of long-chain fats.

[0029] Example 1 Weigh out 6 parts by weight of PPG 6 Decyltetradecyl alcohol polyether 30. Heat and stir until melted, add 1 part by weight of meadowfoam seed oil and stir evenly, finally add deionized water to make up to 100 parts by weight, stir thoroughly, and the sample is obtained.

[0030] Examples 2-4 The only difference between Examples 2-4 and Example 1 is the type of oil used. Specifically, the oil used in Example 2 is peony seed oil, the oil used in Example 3 is jojoba oil, and the oil used in Example 4 is diisostearyl malate.

[0031] Example 5 The difference between Example 5 and Example 1 is that the oil is a mixture of meadowfoam seed oil and peony seed oil, with each added in an amount of 0.5 parts by weight.

[0032] Example 6 The difference between Example 6 and Example 1 is that the oil is a mixture of jojoba oil and diisostearyl malate, with each added in an amount of 0.5 parts by weight.

[0033] Example 7 The only difference between Example 7 and Example 1 is that PPG 6 Decyltetradecyl alcohol polyether The amount of 30 added is 8 parts by weight.

[0034] Comparative Example 1 The only difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 is that PPG is used... 6 Decyltetradecyl alcohol polyether 30 replaced with PEG 40% hydrogenated castor oil.

[0035] Comparative Example 2 The only difference between Comparative Example 2 and Comparative Example 1 is that PEG... The amount of 40% hydrogenated castor oil added is 8 parts by weight.

[0036] Comparative Example 3 The only difference between Comparative Example 3 and Example 1 is that PPG is used... 6 Decyltetradecyl alcohol polyether 30 is replaced with PEG-40 hydrogenated castor oil / PPG-26-butanol polyether-26.

[0037] Comparative Example 4 The only difference between Comparative Example 4 and Comparative Example 3 is that the amount of PEG-40 hydrogenated castor oil / PPG-26-butanol polyether-26 added is 8 parts by weight.

[0038] Comparative Example 5 The only difference between Comparative Example 5 and Example 1 is that PPG was not added. 6 Decyltetradecyl alcohol polyether 30.

[0039] Comparative Examples 6-7 The only difference between Comparative Examples 6-7 and Example 1 is that PPG 6 Decyltetradecyl alcohol polyether The amount of PPG added varied in Comparative Example 6. 6 Decyltetradecyl alcohol polyether The amount of 30 added was 4 parts by mass, compared to PPG in Comparative Example 7. 6 Decyltetradecyl alcohol polyether The amount of 30 added is 5 parts by weight.

[0040] Table 1

[0041] Test Example 1: Stability Test 1. Test Sample Samples prepared in Examples 1-7 and Comparative Examples 1-7 2. Testing equipment Constant temperature and humidity test chamber, low temperature refrigeration test chamber, standard transparent sealed sample bottle.

[0042] 3. Test Conditions Room temperature conditions: set temperature 25℃±1℃, relative humidity 50%±10%, and let stand for 30 days; High temperature conditions: Set temperature 48℃±1℃ and let stand for 30 days; Low temperature conditions: Set temperature -15℃±1℃ and let stand for 30 days.

[0043] All samples were filled into transparent sealed bottles of the same size, with consistent filling volume, and were kept away from light throughout the process without any shaking or disturbance.

[0044] 4. Evaluation Indicators and Judgment Criteria Observe and record the appearance of the sample. The evaluation indicators include: system transparency, whether it is layered, whether it is turbid, whether there is precipitation / flocculent matter, and whether there is oil floating.

[0045] Qualified: The system is uniform and transparent, with no layering, turbidity, precipitation, or floating grease; Unacceptable: Any of the following phenomena may occur: opalescence, turbidity, layering, precipitation of solids / flocculents, or oil floating on the surface.

[0046] 5. Test Results The samples prepared in the above examples and comparative examples were placed at room temperature, 48°C and -15°C for stability tests, and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0047] Table 2

[0048] As shown in Table 2, PPG was selected. 6 Decyltetradecyl alcohol polyether When 30 is used as a solubilizer, and its mass ratio to long-chain oils is greater than 6:1, it can achieve efficient solubilization of oils, and the system exhibits excellent high and low temperature stability. If PPG is used... 6 Decyltetradecyl alcohol polyether When 30 is replaced with other conventional solubilizers, even if the amount of solubilizer added is increased, it is difficult to solubilize long-chain oils. The system is milky white and turbid, which proves that the micelles constructed by this type of solubilizer cannot firmly encapsulate oils.

[0049] The following examples and comparative samples were prepared according to the component addition amounts shown in Table 3. The following examples studied PPG. 6 Decyltetradecyl alcohol polyether The solubilization effect of 30 combined with polyols on long-chain fats.

[0050] Example 8 Weigh out 4 parts by weight of PPG 6 Decyltetradecyl alcohol polyether 30. Heat and stir until melted, add 1 part by weight of meadowfoam seed oil and stir evenly, then add 2 parts by weight of 1,3-propanediol and stir evenly, finally add deionized water to make up to 100 parts by weight, stir thoroughly, and the sample is obtained.

[0051] Example 9 The only difference between Example 9 and Example 8 is that 1,3-propanediol is replaced with glycerol.

[0052] Example 10 The only difference between Example 10 and Example 1 is that the polyol is a mixture of 1,3-propanediol and glycerol, with each added in a 1 part by mass amount.

[0053] Examples 11-13 The only difference between Examples 11-13 and Example 8 is the type of oil used. Specifically, the oil used in Example 11 is peony seed oil, the oil used in Example 12 is jojoba oil, and the oil used in Example 13 is diisostearyl malate.

[0054] Example 14 The difference between Example 14 and Example 8 is that the oil is a mixture of meadowfoam seed oil and peony seed oil, with each added in an amount of 0.5 parts by weight.

[0055] Example 15 The difference between Example 15 and Example 8 is that the oil is a mixture of jojoba oil and diisostearyl malate, with each added in an amount of 0.5 parts by weight.

[0056] Example 16 The only difference between Example 16 and Example 8 is that the amount of 1,3-propanediol added is 3 parts by mass.

[0057] Example 17 The only difference between Example 17 and Example 8 is that PPG 6 Decyltetradecyl alcohol polyether The amount of 30 added is 5 parts by weight.

[0058] Example 18 The only difference between Example 18 and Example 17 is that PPG 6 Decyltetradecyl alcohol polyether The amount of 30 added is 10 parts by mass, and 1,3-propanediol is replaced with 1,3-butanediol and the amount added is 5 parts by mass.

[0059] Comparative Example 8 The only difference between Comparative Example 8 and Example 8 is that PPG is used... 6 Decyltetradecyl alcohol polyether 30 replaced with PEG 40% hydrogenated castor oil.

[0060] Comparative Example 9 The only difference between Comparative Example 9 and Comparative Example 8 is that 1,3-propanediol is replaced with glycerol.

[0061] Comparative Example 10 The only difference between Comparative Example 10 and Example 8 is that PPG is used... 6 Decyltetradecyl alcohol polyether 30 is replaced with PEG-40 hydrogenated castor oil / PPG-26-butanol polyether-26.

[0062] Comparative Example 11 The only difference between Comparative Example 11 and Comparative Example 10 is that 1,3-propanediol is replaced with glycerol.

[0063] Comparative Example 12 The only difference between Comparative Example 12 and Example 8 is that PPG was not added. 6 Decyltetradecyl alcohol polyether 30.

[0064] Comparative Example 13 The only difference between Comparative Example 13 and Example 8 is that PPG 6 Decyltetradecyl alcohol polyether The amount of 30 added is 3 parts by weight.

[0065] Comparative Example 14 The only difference between Comparative Example 14 and Example 8 is that the amount of 1,3-propanediol added is 1 part by mass.

[0066] Table 3

[0067] Test Example 2: Stability Test 1. Test Sample: Samples prepared in Examples 8-18 and Comparative Examples 8-14 2. Testing equipment Constant temperature and humidity test chamber, low temperature refrigeration test chamber, standard transparent sealed sample bottle, timer.

[0068] 3. Test Conditions Room temperature conditions: set temperature 25℃±1℃, relative humidity 50%±10%, and let stand for 30 days; High temperature conditions: Set temperature 48℃±1℃ and let stand for 30 days; Low temperature conditions: Set temperature -15℃±1℃ and let stand for 30 days.

[0069] All samples were filled into transparent sealed bottles of the same size, with consistent filling volume, and were kept away from light throughout the process without any shaking or disturbance.

[0070] 4. Evaluation Indicators and Judgment Criteria Observe and record the appearance of the sample. The evaluation indicators include: system transparency, whether it is layered, whether it is turbid, whether there is precipitation / flocculent matter, and whether there is oil floating.

[0071] Qualified: The system is uniform and transparent, with no layering, turbidity, precipitation, or floating grease; Unacceptable: Any of the following phenomena may occur: opalescence, turbidity, layering, precipitation of solids / flocculents, or oil floating on the surface.

[0072] 5. Test Results The samples prepared in the above examples and comparative examples were placed at room temperature, 48°C and -15°C for stability tests, and the results are shown in Table 4.

[0073] Table 4

[0074] As shown in Table 4, when PPG 6 Decyltetradecyl alcohol polyether 30 with a mass ratio of polyol greater than 2:1, PPG 6 Decyltetradecyl alcohol polyether When the mass ratio of 30 to oil is greater than 4:1, the composition can effectively solubilize long-chain oils, and the resulting system has excellent high and low temperature stability.

[0075] In summary, the comparison between Examples 1-6 and Examples 8-13 shows that polyols can exert a synergistic solubilizing effect, further reducing PPG levels while achieving the same solubilizing effect. 6 Decyltetradecyl alcohol polyether The dosage is 30. If the core solubilizer of this invention is replaced with other types of solubilizers, even with the addition of polyols, stable solubilization of long-chain oils cannot be achieved.

[0076] Application examples The oil-soluble composition described in this invention can be used as an intermediate raw material in corresponding topical skin agents, which are aqueous formulations, including but not limited to: lotions, gels, sprays, shower gels, and other dosage forms. The following are specific application examples of the oil-soluble composition obtained through examples in topical skin agents, as well as the formulations and preparation methods of these dosage forms. Specific applications are as follows: Application Example 1: Preparation of Gel

[0077] Application Example 2: Preparation of Toner

[0078] Application Example 3: Preparation of Spray

[0079] Application Example 4: Preparation of Shower Gel

Claims

1. Based on PPG 6 Decyltetradecyl alcohol polyether A 30% oil solubilizing system, comprising: PPG 6 Decyltetradecyl alcohol polyether 30. Long-chain fats and oils with a carbon chain length ≥ C12 and water, wherein PPG is present in the system. 6 Decyltetradecyl alcohol polyether The weight ratio of 30 and long-chain fats with a carbon chain length ≥ C12 is ≥ 6:

1.

2. The system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The system also contains polyols.

3. The system as described in claim 2, characterized in that, PPG in the system 6 Decyltetradecyl alcohol polyether The weight ratio of 30 to long-chain fats with a carbon chain length ≥ C12 is ≥ 4:1, PPG 6 Decyltetradecyl alcohol polyether The weight ratio of 30 to polyol is ≥2:

1.

4. The system as described in claim 3, characterized in that, PPG in the system 6 Decyltetradecyl alcohol polyether The weight ratio of 30 to polyol is 4-10:0-3.

5. The system as described in claim 4, characterized in that, PPG in the system 6 Decyltetradecyl alcohol polyether The weight ratio of 30 to polyol is 4-5:2-3.

6. The system as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The polyol in the system is selected from glycerol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,3-butanediol, or a combination of the three.

7. The system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The long-chain oils with a carbon chain length ≥ C12 are selected from at least one of the following: meadowfoam seed oil, peony seed oil, jojoba oil, and diisostearyl malate. 8.PPG 6 Decyltetradecyl alcohol polyether Applications of 30-solubilizing long-chain greases with carbon chain length ≥ C12.

9. The use as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The long-chain oils with a carbon chain length ≥ C12 are selected from at least one of the following: meadowfoam seed oil, peony seed oil, jojoba oil, and diisostearyl malate. The PPG used in the above applications... 6 Decyltetradecyl alcohol polyether The weight ratio of 30 and long-chain fats with a carbon chain length ≥ C12 is ≥ 6:

1.

10. The application of the system according to any one of claims 1-7 in a topical skin agent, wherein the topical skin agent is a lotion, gel, spray, or shower gel.

Citation Information

Patent Citations

  • A stable oil-soluble polypeptide composition, its preparation method and application

    CN110339081B

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    CN117017830A