A method for increasing the content of chicoric acid in taraxacum mongolicum, taraxacum mongolicum with high chicoric acid and a medicinal and edible formula

Abstract

The present application relates to the processing field of dandelion, and particularly relates to a method for increasing the content of chicoric acid in dandelion, high-chicoric acid dandelion and a medicinal and edible formula. The method for increasing the content of chicoric acid in dandelion comprises: sequentially performing low-frequency polarization electric field treatment and ultraviolet radiation treatment on dandelion to obtain high-chicoric acid dandelion. The method for increasing the content of chicoric acid in dandelion provided by the present application adopts a specific sequence of "low-frequency polarization electric field first and then ultraviolet radiation" for combined treatment, significantly increases the content of chicoric acid in dandelion, belongs to a pure physical green postharvest technology, has no external chemical residues in the whole process, and highly meets the safety standards of medicinal and edible homology; the process is modularized and the parameters are highly controllable, and the operation is simple.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of dandelion processing, and more particularly to a method for increasing the chicoric acid content in dandelion, high-chicoric acid dandelion, and a medicinal and edible formula. Background Technology

[0002] Dandelion is a perennial herbaceous plant of the Asteraceae family, used both as food and medicine. It possesses properties such as clearing heat and detoxifying, reducing swelling and lumps, and promoting urination. Chicoric acid is one of the most important polyphenolic active ingredients in dandelion. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that chicoric acid has significant antioxidant, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic, and immunomodulatory activities, making it an important indicator for evaluating the quality of dandelion medicinal materials and related products.

[0003] However, obtaining high-content chicoric acid currently relies heavily on large-scale chemical solvent extraction and purification, which is not only costly and carries the risk of solvent residue, but also results in low and unstable chicoric acid content in dandelion raw materials due to environmental influences. Fresh dandelions retain active physiological metabolism even after harvesting. In recent years, utilizing postharvest stress responses in plants to activate secondary metabolic pathways and selectively enrich target active ingredients through moderate environmental stress has become an important trend in the postharvest processing of agricultural products and the development of natural products.

[0004] Ultraviolet (UV) radiation, as a physical inducer without chemical residues, can effectively upregulate the activity of key enzymes such as phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, promoting the synthesis of phenolic acids (such as chicoric acid) in postharvest plant tissues. However, UV radiation alone has certain limitations in postharvest applications, typically only affecting leaf epidermal cells. Increasing the radiation dose or extending the radiation time to pursue an inducing effect can easily damage the cell membrane system of postharvest plants, leading to rapid water loss, tissue browning and necrosis, prematurely terminating the secondary metabolic process, and causing the total accumulation of chicoric acid to decrease rather than increase. In addition, traditional dandelion functional products on the market, such as dandelion tea and dried powder, mostly use a coarse processing method of direct drying and pulverization, which not only fails to effectively enrich core components such as chicoric acid, but also retains the original bitter taste and cold nature of dandelion. Long-term consumption of the cold nature of dandelion alone can easily damage the spleen and stomach, which limits its application in a wider range of people. Currently, the market lacks a high-value-added functional formula product that uses "dandelion with high chicoric acid content induced and enriched by post-harvest physical methods" as the core raw material, and scientifically combines it with other food and medicine homologous substances (such as warming and stomach-soothing, synergistic antioxidant components) to balance its cold nature, improve its taste, and achieve synergistic effects.

[0005] Therefore, developing a purely physical, green, environmentally friendly, and chemical-residue-free combined treatment method to increase the chicoric acid content in dandelion is of great practical significance for improving the quality of dandelion medicinal materials and developing functional food and medicine homologous products. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides a method for increasing the chicoric acid content in dandelion, a high-chicoric acid dandelion, and a medicinal and edible formulation to solve the problems of low chicoric acid content in existing dandelion post-harvest processing, and the easy damage and limited efficiency of post-harvest medicinal materials caused by single ultraviolet induction.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: This invention provides a method for increasing the chicoric acid content in dandelion, comprising the following steps: Dandelion was subjected to low-frequency polarized electric field treatment and ultraviolet radiation treatment in sequence to obtain high-chicoric acid dandelion.

[0008] In some specific embodiments, the conditions for the low-frequency polarized electric field treatment are: output voltage of 3000V, current of 4~6mA, frequency of 60Hz, electric field strength of 20~30kV / m, and treatment time of 2~4h.

[0009] In some specific embodiments, the conditions for the ultraviolet radiation treatment are: the wavelength is UV-C band, and the radiation dose is 3~5 kJ / m². 2 The time is 5 minutes, and the distance is 10~30cm.

[0010] In some specific embodiments, after the ultraviolet radiation treatment is completed, the process further includes: The resulting product was freeze-dried and sieved.

[0011] In some specific embodiments, the freeze-drying conditions are: a temperature of -35 to -45°C and a time of 36 to 48 hours.

[0012] A second aspect of the present invention also provides a high-chicoric acid dandelion, prepared according to the above-described method for increasing the chicoric acid content in dandelion.

[0013] A third aspect of the present invention also provides a formula for food and medicine homology, comprising the following ingredients in parts by weight: The above-mentioned ingredients include 35-45 parts of high-chicoric acid dandelion, 15-25 parts of roasted barley, 1-2 parts of dried ginger, and 2-5 parts of monk fruit.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The method for increasing the chicoric acid content in dandelion provided by the present invention adopts a specific sequence of combined treatment of "low-frequency polarized electric field first, then ultraviolet radiation", which significantly increases the chicoric acid content in dandelion. It is a pure physical green post-harvest process with no exogenous chemical residues throughout the process, which is highly in line with the safety standards of food and medicine homology. Its process is modular and the parameters are highly controllable, and the operation is simple.

[0015] (2) The food-medicine formula provided by the present invention, through the scientific combination of roasted barley, dried ginger and monk fruit, successfully harmonizes the original coldness and bitterness of high dandelion content. The resulting food-medicine formula has a mellow and sweet taste, is mild and does not harm the stomach, and is suitable for a wider range of sub-healthy people to drink for a long time. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The above and other objects, features, and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments illustrating the gist of the invention and its use, and the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 This is a bar chart comparing the chicoric acid content in high-chicoric acid dandelion in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-4.

[0017] Figure 2 The bar chart shows the comparison of total flavonoid content in high-chicoric acid dandelion in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-4.

[0018] Figure 3 The bar chart shows the comparison of total phenol content in high-chicoric acid dandelion in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-4.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a comparison chart showing the ability of dandelion tea bags, a traditional Chinese medicine and food homology formula, to scavenge DPPH free radicals in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 5.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a comparison chart showing the ability of dandelion tea bags, a traditional Chinese medicine and food homology formula, to scavenge ABTS free radicals in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 5.

[0021] Figure 6 Sensory evaluation images of dandelion tea bags from Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 5, which are traditional Chinese medicine and food homology formulas. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present invention will be described below through specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art will understand that the specific embodiments described below are for illustrative purposes only and do not limit the scope of the invention in any way. Furthermore, in the following embodiments, unless otherwise specified, the reagents and equipment used are commercially available. If specific processing conditions and methods are not explicitly described in the following embodiments, conditions and methods known in the art can be used for processing.

[0023] This invention provides a method for increasing the chicoric acid content in dandelion, comprising the following steps: Dandelion was subjected to low-frequency polarized electric field treatment and ultraviolet radiation treatment in sequence to obtain high-chicoric acid dandelion.

[0024] The present invention describes a method for increasing the chicoric acid content in dandelion. While single ultraviolet radiation can induce a stress response, its penetration is weak and it easily causes lipid peroxidation and necrosis of epidermal cell membranes. This invention innovatively employs a specific sequence of "low-frequency polarized electric field followed by ultraviolet radiation." The low-frequency polarized electric field first modulates the permeability of dandelion cell membranes and activates intracellular signal transduction such as transmembrane calcium ions. Subsequent short-duration ultraviolet radiation allows cells to receive and transduce ultraviolet stress signals more efficiently and deeply, triggering a key upregulation of the phenylpropanoid metabolic pathway, thereby efficiently enriching chicoric acid.

[0025] In some embodiments, before treating dandelion with a low-frequency polarized electric field, the process further includes: harvesting fresh dandelion whole plant, removing withered and yellow leaves, washing with purified water, and draining surface moisture.

[0026] In some embodiments, the conditions for the low-frequency polarized electric field treatment are: output voltage of 3000V, current of 4~6mA, frequency of 60Hz, electric field strength of 20~30kV / m, and treatment time of 2~4h. As examples, the current can be 4mA, 4.5mA, 5mA, 5.5mA, and 6mA, etc.; the electric field strength can be 20kV / m, 22kV / m, 25kV / m, 28kV / m, and 30kV / m, etc.; and the treatment time can be 2h, 2.5h, 3h, 3.5h, and 4h, etc.

[0027] In this invention, by regulating the conditions of low-frequency polarized electric field treatment within the above-mentioned range, moderate physical stimulation can be generated while avoiding excessive stress, thereby regulating cell membrane permeability and intracellular signal transduction, and enhancing the induction effect of subsequent ultraviolet treatment.

[0028] In some embodiments, the conditions for ultraviolet radiation treatment are: the wavelength is UV-C band, and the radiation dose is 3~5 kJ / m². 2 The treatment time is 5 minutes, and the distance is 10-30 cm. Preferably, the wavelength of the UV-C band in the ultraviolet radiation treatment is 200-280 nm. As an example, the wavelength of the UV-C band in the ultraviolet radiation treatment can be 200 nm, 210 nm, 220 nm, 230 nm, 240 nm, 250 nm, 254 nm, 260 nm, 270 nm, and 280 nm, etc., and the radiation dose can be 3 kJ / m². 2 3.5kJ / m 2 4kJ / m 2 4.5kJ / m 2 and 5kJ / m 2 The distance can be 10cm, 15cm, 20cm, 25cm and 30cm, etc.

[0029] In this invention, by regulating the conditions of ultraviolet radiation treatment within the above-mentioned range, the appropriate UV-C dose and treatment time can induce postharvest secondary metabolism of dandelion, while reducing problems such as membrane lipid peroxidation, water loss, tissue browning and necrosis caused by excessive ultraviolet stress.

[0030] In some embodiments, after the ultraviolet radiation treatment is completed, the method further includes: The resulting product was freeze-dried and sieved.

[0031] In some embodiments, the freeze-drying conditions are: a temperature of -35 to -45°C and a time of 36 to 48 hours.

[0032] In some embodiments, the particle size of the sieve is 80-120 mesh.

[0033] A second aspect of the present invention also provides a high-chicoric acid dandelion, prepared according to the above-described method for increasing the chicoric acid content in dandelion.

[0034] A third aspect of the present invention also provides a formula for food and medicine homology, comprising the following ingredients in parts by weight: The aforementioned ingredients include 35-45 parts of high-chicoric acid dandelion, 15-25 parts of roasted barley, 1-2 parts of dried ginger, and 2-5 parts of monk fruit.

[0035] As an example, in a food-medicine formula, the mass fraction of high-chicoric acid dandelion can be 35 parts, 38 parts, 40 parts, 42 parts, and 45 parts, etc.

[0036] As an example, in a food-medicine homology formula, the mass fraction of roasted barley can be 15, 18, 20, 22, 24, and 25 parts, etc.

[0037] As an example, in a food-medicine homology formula, the mass fraction of dried ginger can be 1 part, 1.5 parts, or 2 parts, etc.

[0038] As an example, in a food-medicine formula, the mass fraction of monk fruit can be 2, 3, 4, or 5 parts, etc.

[0039] In this invention, dandelion is cold in nature, and long-term consumption can easily damage the spleen and stomach (principal ingredient, clears heat and detoxifies, rich in chicoric acid); when combined with roasted barley (assistant ingredient, strengthens the spleen and aids digestion, and relieves chest congestion) and dried ginger (adjuvant ingredient, warms the middle and dispels cold), the cold nature of dandelion can be effectively neutralized, protecting the gastrointestinal mucosa; when monk fruit (guide ingredient, clears heat and moistens the lungs, promotes body fluid and quenches thirst) is added, its natural sweet glycosides replace free sugars, which not only mask the bitterness of dandelion and improves the taste of the product, but also form a synergistic effect with chicoric acid in terms of antioxidant properties.

[0040] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The embodiments of this application are only examples, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] Example 1 (1) Harvest fresh dandelion whole plant, remove withered and yellow leaves, wash with purified water, and drain the surface moisture. First, perform low-frequency polarized electric field treatment: output voltage 3000V, current 5mA, frequency 60Hz, electric field strength 25kV / m, treatment time 3h; immediately after the treatment, perform ultraviolet radiation treatment: use UV-C band (254nm), radiation dose 4kJ / m 2 Processing time: 5 minutes; processing distance: 20 cm.

[0042] (2) After treatment, the dandelion was immediately placed at -40℃ for freeze drying for 48 hours, and then crushed and passed through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain high chicoric acid dandelion.

[0043] (3) Weigh out the following ingredients by weight: 40 parts of high-chicoric acid dandelion, 20 parts of roasted barley, 1.5 parts of dried ginger, and 3 parts of monk fruit. Mix all ingredients evenly and package them into 5g bags of dandelion tea made from medicinal and edible ingredients.

[0044] Example 2 The difference from Example 1 is that in step (1), the low-frequency polarized electric field treatment time is 2 hours and the ultraviolet radiation dose is 3 kJ / m². 2 Everything else is the same as in Example 1.

[0045] Example 3 The difference from Example 1 is that in step (1), the low-frequency polarized electric field treatment time is 4 hours and the ultraviolet radiation dose is 5 kJ / m². 2 Everything else is the same as in Example 1.

[0046] Comparative Example 1 The difference from Example 1 is that in step (1), the low-frequency polarization electric field and ultraviolet radiation treatment are not performed, and vacuum freeze drying is performed directly. The rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0047] Comparative Example 2 The difference from Example 1 is that in step (1), ultraviolet radiation treatment is performed first, followed by low-frequency polarization electric field treatment. The rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0048] Comparative Example 3 The difference from Example 1 is that in step (1), only low-frequency polarization electric field treatment is performed, and ultraviolet radiation treatment is not performed. The rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0049] Comparative Example 4 The difference from Example 1 is that in step (1), only ultraviolet radiation treatment is performed, and low-frequency polarization electric field treatment is not performed. The rest is the same as Example 1.

[0050] Comparative Example 5 The difference from Example 1 is that in step (3), only high-chicoric acid dandelion is used, and roasted barley, dried ginger and monk fruit powder are not added. The rest are the same as in Example 1.

[0051] Performance testing Figure 1 This is a bar chart comparing the chicoric acid content in high-chicoric acid dandelions from Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-4. Figure 1 It can be seen that Example 1 had the highest chicoric acid content, reaching 4.54 mg / g, which was significantly higher than Comparative Example 1 (untreated, 2.08 mg / g), Comparative Example 3 (single electric field, 3.00 mg / g), Comparative Example 4 (single UV, 2.47 mg / g), and Comparative Example 2 (UV followed by electric field, 2.26 mg / g). This means that the combined effect of low-frequency polarized electric field followed by UV radiation under the optimal parameter ratio is superior to the untreated group, the single physical field treatment group, and the reverse sequence combination group. The figure visually demonstrates that the combined treatment method of the specific sequence and parameter ratio of this invention can efficiently activate the dandelion phenylpropane metabolic pathway, achieving synergistic enrichment of chicoric acid.

[0052] Figure 2 This is a bar chart comparing the total flavonoid content in high-chicoric acid dandelion in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-4. Figure 2 It can be seen that the total flavonoid content in Example 1 reached 47.76 mg / g, which was significantly higher than that in the comparative example, further confirming that the combined treatment has a broad-spectrum enhancing effect on dandelion secondary metabolites.

[0053] Figure 3 This is a comparative bar chart showing the total phenolic content in high-chicoric acid dandelion from Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-4. Figure 3 It can be seen that the total phenol content of Example 1 was 64.85 mg / g, which was significantly higher than that of all comparative examples. Although the total phenol levels of Comparative Example 3 (single electric field) and Comparative Example 4 (single UV) were better than those of the untreated group, they were still significantly lower than those of Example 1. This strongly confirms that although single electric field or UV treatment is effective, it cannot achieve the synergistic effect of using both in a specific order, indicating that there is a significant synergistic effect between low-frequency polarized electric field and ultraviolet radiation.

[0054] Figure 4 This is a comparison chart showing the ability of dandelion tea bags, a traditional Chinese medicine and food homology formula, to scavenge DPPH free radicals in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 5. Figure 4It can be seen that the formulation of Example 1 has the highest DPPH scavenging rate, reaching 84.29%, which is significantly higher than that of Comparative Example 5 and Comparative Example 1. That is, the dandelion powder rich in chicoric acid obtained under the optimal parameter ratio, when combined with roasted barley, dried ginger, and monk fruit, exhibits better antioxidant activity than the group without excipients and the group combined with ordinary dandelion powder. This figure visually demonstrates that the medicinal and edible formula of this invention can not only neutralize the cold nature and improve the taste, but also produce a synergistic antioxidant effect with chicoric acid.

[0055] Figure 5 This is a comparison chart showing the ability of dandelion tea bags, a traditional Chinese medicine and food homology formula, to scavenge ABTS free radicals in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 5. Figure 5 It can be seen that the ABTS scavenging rate of the formulation in Example 1 was 87.97%, which was also significantly higher than that of all comparative examples. The trend of change was consistent with the DPPH results, further verifying the broad-spectrum synergistic advantage of this formulation in scavenging different free radicals.

[0056] Figure 6 Sensory evaluation images of dandelion tea bags from Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 5, which are both medicinal and edible ingredients. Figure 6 It can be seen that the high-chicoric acid dandelion obtained under the optimal parameter ratio in Example 1, after scientific compounding, has a significantly higher sensory acceptance than the uncompounded group and the group compounded with ordinary raw materials. The figure visually demonstrates that this invention, through the warming and stomach-soothing properties of roasted barley and dried ginger, and the natural sweetness of monk fruit masking bitterness, successfully solves the problems of poor taste and cold nature that can harm the spleen and stomach in traditional dandelion products, making the product suitable for long-term consumption.

[0057] Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it is conceivable that those skilled in the art can devise various modifications to the invention within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for increasing the chicoric acid content in dandelion, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Dandelion was subjected to low-frequency polarized electric field treatment and ultraviolet radiation treatment in sequence to obtain high-chicoric acid dandelion.

2. The method for increasing the chicoric acid content in dandelion according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conditions for the low-frequency polarized electric field treatment are: output voltage of 3000V, current of 4~6mA, frequency of 60Hz, electric field strength of 20~30kV / m, and treatment time of 2~4h.

3. The method for increasing the chicoric acid content in dandelion according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conditions for ultraviolet radiation treatment are: UV-C band, radiation dose of 3~5 kJ / m². 2 The time is 5 minutes, and the distance is 10~30cm.

4. The method for increasing the chicoric acid content in dandelion according to claim 1, characterized in that, After the ultraviolet radiation treatment is completed, it also includes: The resulting product was freeze-dried and sieved.

5. The method for increasing the chicoric acid content in dandelion according to claim 4, characterized in that, The freeze-drying conditions are: temperature -35~-45℃, time 36~48h.

6. A high-chicoric acid dandelion, characterized in that, The method for increasing the chicoric acid content in dandelion according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is used to prepare the product.

7. A formula that combines medicine and food, characterized in that, The raw materials include the following parts by weight: The ingredients of claim 6 are 35-45 parts of high-chicoric acid dandelion, 15-25 parts of roasted barley, 1-2 parts of dried ginger, and 2-5 parts of monk fruit.

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