Laryngeal mask body and laryngeal mask

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application provide a laryngeal mask body and a laryngeal mask. A gas guide channel is formed in the laryngeal mask body; the laryngeal mask body comprises: a catheter body comprising a gas guide cavity; a sealing seat arranged at the distal end of the catheter body, the sealing seat forming a mask cavity, the gas guide cavity and the mask cavity being in communication to form at least part of the gas guide channel, and a target mark being arranged in the mask cavity, the target mark being used for liquid detection. The laryngeal mask body and the laryngeal mask of the embodiments of the present application create favorable conditions for accurately judging the accumulation of liquid in the mask cavity; in the case of accumulation of liquid in the mask cavity, conditions are created for timely suction of the liquid in the mask cavity, and conditions are also created for improving the safety of the patient during use of the laryngeal mask and the safety and smoothness of the operation or diagnosis and treatment operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of this application relate to the field of medical device technology, and in particular to a laryngeal mask body and a laryngeal mask. Background Technology

[0002] When establishing an artificial airway using a laryngeal mask airway, mucus secreted by the patient's airway may enter and accumulate in the mask cavity. Furthermore, patients may experience esophageal reflux, or even refluxed material (liquid) entering the mask cavity. In these situations, mucus or refluxed material may further enter the patient's glottis and subglottic airway, causing coughing and other discomfort, or even aspiration of the refluxed material into the lungs. Because a strong coughing reaction can interfere with surgery or related diagnostic and treatment procedures, and aspiration can cause significant damage to the patient's airway and even endanger their life, timely suctioning of mucus and refluxed material from the laryngeal mask airway is essential. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present application aims to provide a laryngeal mask body and laryngeal mask that can solve or at least partially solve the above problems.

[0004] The first aspect of the embodiments of this application provides a laryngeal mask body, in which an air guiding channel is formed;

[0005] The main body of the laryngeal mask includes:

[0006] The catheter body includes an air delivery chamber;

[0007] A sealing seat is disposed at the distal end of the conduit body. The sealing seat forms a hood cavity, and the air guide cavity is connected to the hood cavity to form at least part of the air guide channel. A target mark is disposed inside the hood cavity, and the target mark is used for liquid detection.

[0008] In some embodiments, a suction channel is formed within the laryngeal mask body;

[0009] The laryngeal mask body includes a suction tube with an inner cavity. The inner cavity of the suction tube is at least part of the suction channel. The suction tube is used to suction liquid from the mask cavity.

[0010] In some embodiments, a viewing channel is provided within the laryngeal mask body, and the distal end of the viewing channel is connected to the optical path of the mask cavity to acquire images of at least a portion of the target identifier through the viewing channel.

[0011] In some embodiments, the target identifier is a long strip.

[0012] In some embodiments, a viewing channel is provided inside the laryngeal mask body, and a strip-shaped baffle is provided on the cavity wall of the mask cavity. The strip-shaped baffle is located on the far side of the viewing channel and is spaced from the far end of the viewing channel. The target identifier includes the strip-shaped baffle.

[0013] In some embodiments, the strip-shaped baffle is at least partially disposed on the sidewall of the cover cavity, and the projection of the strip-shaped baffle onto the central surface of the sealing seat is orthogonal to the extending direction of the sealing seat.

[0014] In some embodiments, the first color of the target identifier is distinguished from the second color of the cavity wall.

[0015] In some embodiments, the first color of the target identifier is also distinguished from the third color of human throat tissue.

[0016] A second aspect of this application provides a laryngeal mask, the laryngeal mask comprising:

[0017] The laryngeal mask body of the first aspect of the embodiments of this application;

[0018] A video device, which is equipped with an image sensor;

[0019] The signal processing device is communicatively connected to the image sensor and is used to: acquire a first image of the cavity captured by the image sensor; extract a first morphological feature of the target identifier from the first image; and determine whether there is liquid accumulation in the cavity based on the first morphological feature.

[0020] In some embodiments, the image sensor is wirelessly connected to the signal processing device.

[0021] In some embodiments, the imaging device includes an imaging component with an image sensor disposed at a remote end, the image sensor of the imaging component being wiredly connected to a signal processing device.

[0022] In some embodiments, a viewing channel is provided within the laryngeal mask body, and the viewing assembly includes a viewing tube with an image sensor disposed at its distal end, at least a portion of the viewing tube being pluggable into the viewing channel.

[0023] In some embodiments, a viewing channel is provided within the laryngeal mask body, and the viewing component includes an image sensor and a viewing module formed by connecting wires, with the viewing module at least partially fixed within the viewing channel.

[0024] In some embodiments, the signal processing device is further configured to: acquire target morphological features of the target identifier; determine that liquid has accumulated in the cavity if the first morphological feature does not match the target morphological feature; or determine that no liquid has accumulated in the cavity if the first morphological feature matches the target morphological feature.

[0025] In some embodiments, the signal processing apparatus is further configured to: acquire a second image containing a target identifier; the second image is acquired by an image sensor when there is no liquid accumulation in the cavity; extract a second morphological feature of the target identifier from the second image; and determine a target morphological feature based on the second morphological feature.

[0026] In some embodiments, the signal processing apparatus is further configured to: determine the second morphological feature as a target morphological feature if the second morphological feature matches a reference morphological feature of the target identifier; the reference morphological feature is determined based on the shape of the target identifier.

[0027] In some embodiments, the first morphological feature includes a first entropy value, and the signal processing device is further configured to: identify a first pixel region representing a target identifier from a first image; obtain a first entropy value; the first entropy value is calculated by calculating the entropy value of the distribution of each pixel in the first pixel region; determine that there is liquid accumulation in the cavity if the absolute value of the difference between the first entropy value and the second entropy value is greater than a difference threshold; the second entropy value is calculated by calculating the entropy value of the distribution of each pixel in a second pixel region, the second pixel region being the pixel region representing the target identifier in a second image, and the second image being acquired by an image sensor from the cavity when there is no liquid accumulation in the cavity.

[0028] In some embodiments, the first entropy value is calculated by distributing the entropy values ​​of each pixel in the first pixel region in the target direction, and the second entropy value is calculated by distributing the entropy values ​​of each pixel in the second pixel region in the target direction.

[0029] In some embodiments, the target direction is determined based on image parameters output by the image sensor, and / or the target direction is determined based on a second pixel region.

[0030] In some embodiments, the signal processing device is further configured to: perform line fitting on the first pixel region to obtain a reference line; rotate the first pixel region and the reference line as a whole based on the target direction, such that the angle between the reference line and the target direction obtained each time is the same; and determine the entropy value of each pixel in the rotated first pixel region distributed in the target direction to obtain a first entropy value.

[0031] In some embodiments, the extended direction of the rotated reference line is perpendicular to the target direction.

[0032] In some embodiments, the target direction includes the positive direction of the vertical axis of the target coordinate system; the origin of the target coordinate system corresponds to the lower left corner of the image output by the image sensor, the horizontal axis of the target coordinate system corresponds to the lower edge of the image output by the image sensor, and the vertical axis corresponds to the left edge of the image output by the image sensor.

[0033] In some embodiments, the signal processing device is further configured to: perform line fitting on the second pixel region to obtain a reference line; and determine the target direction based on the extension direction of the reference line.

[0034] In some embodiments, the signal processing apparatus is further configured to: identify candidate pixel regions representing target identifiers from a first image; add a first identifier value to each pixel in the candidate pixel regions; add a second identifier value different from the first identifier value to each pixel in non-candidate pixel regions of the first image; and determine a first pixel region based on the first identifier value.

[0035] In some embodiments, the signal processing apparatus is further configured to: acquire a third image containing a target identifier, the third image being acquired by an image sensor of the cavity when an operator manually triggers a suction device to suction liquid in the cavity; determine a third entropy value of the distribution of each pixel in the third pixel region representing the target identifier in the target direction; and determine a difference threshold based on the difference between the third entropy value and the second entropy value.

[0036] In some embodiments, the laryngeal mask includes a suction device connected to the proximal end of a suction tube for suctioning liquid from within the mask cavity.

[0037] The signal processing device is communicatively connected to the suction device.

[0038] In some embodiments, the signal processing device is further configured to: control the suction device to suction the liquid in the cavity through the suction tube in the case of liquid accumulation in the cavity.

[0039] In this embodiment, on the one hand, the laryngeal mask body has a target marker set inside the sealed cavity, which can be used as a reference to create favorable conditions for accurately determining whether there is fluid accumulation inside the laryngeal mask cavity; on the other hand, the laryngeal mask may include the laryngeal mask body, a viewing device, and a signal processing device. By analyzing the image morphology of the target marker and observing whether the image morphological characteristics of the target marker change during the use of the laryngeal mask, it is possible to identify whether there is fluid accumulation inside the cavity. In the case of fluid accumulation inside the cavity, the signal processing device can easily provide prompts, alarms, and / or automatic suction commands, making it possible to suction the fluid inside the cavity in a timely manner. This creates conditions for improving patient safety and the safety and smoothness of surgical / diagnostic procedures during the use of the laryngeal mask. Attached Figure Description

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a laryngeal mask body according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 ;

[0041] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a laryngeal mask body according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 ;

[0042] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the composition of a laryngeal mask according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 ;

[0043] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the display of a target identifier in a coordinate system according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 ;

[0044] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the display of a target identifier in a coordinate system according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 ;

[0045] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the display of a target identifier in a coordinate system according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 ;

[0046] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the display of a target identifier in a coordinate system according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 4 ;

[0047] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the implementation process of a liquid detection and aspiration method according to an embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a laryngeal mask body according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 ;

[0049] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the composition of a laryngeal mask according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 ;

[0050] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the implementation process of a liquid detection and aspiration method according to an embodiment of this application.

[0051] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0052] 1. Catheter body; 100. Laryngeal mask body; 100a. Airway; 100b. Suction channel; 100c. Visual channel; 2. Sealing seat; 2a. Mask cavity; 2b. Target marker; 2c. Liquid; 21. Visual device; 22. Signal processing device; 200. Laryngeal mask; 3. Suction tube; 31. Target marker; 300. Coordinate system; 41. Straight line; 400. Coordinate system; 51. Straight line; 500. Coordinate system; 61. Target marker; 62. Straight line; 600. Coordinate system; 800. Laryngeal mask body; 801. Catheter; 802. Light guide; 803. Rib; 800a. Endoscope channel; 900. Laryngeal mask; 910. Visual device; 920. Suction device; 930. Signal processing device. Detailed Implementation

[0053] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0054] The specific technical features described in the specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. For example, different combinations of specific technical features can form different embodiments and technical solutions. To avoid unnecessary repetition, the various possible combinations of the specific technical features in this invention will not be described separately.

[0055] In the following description, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used merely to distinguish different objects and do not indicate that the objects have the sameness or relationship. It should be understood that the directional descriptions "above," "below," "outside," and "inside" refer to the orientation under normal use conditions, while "left" and "right" refer to the left and right directions shown in the corresponding diagrams, which may or may not be the left and right directions under normal use conditions.

[0056] It should be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element. "A plurality of" means two or more.

[0057] In this embodiment of the application, "proximal end" refers to the direction closer to the operator, and "far end" refers to the direction away from the operator.

[0058] The embodiments of this application first provide a laryngeal mask body, referring to... Figure 1 The laryngeal mask body 100 includes a tubing body 1 and a sealing seat 2, and an air duct 100a is formed inside the laryngeal mask body 100.

[0059] The catheter body 1 includes an air delivery chamber;

[0060] The sealing seat 2 is disposed at the distal end of the conduit body 1. The sealing seat 2 forms a cover cavity 2a. The air guide cavity is connected to the cover cavity 2a to form at least part of the air guide channel 100a. A target mark 2b is disposed in the cover cavity 2a. The target mark 2b is used for liquid detection.

[0061] Here, the liquid may include, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: respiratory secretions, gastric reflux, etc.

[0062] The target marker can serve as a relatively stationary and consistent reference point, making it possible to accurately observe the fluid accumulation. Placing the target marker inside the mask cavity facilitates observation of the target marker by the imaging components of the laryngeal mask.

[0063] Specifically, the target marker can be set on the bottom wall of the mask airway, on the side wall of the mask airway, or on both the bottom and side walls of the mask airway; this embodiment of the application does not limit this. Furthermore, the target marker should be positioned to facilitate the imaging components of the laryngeal mask airway in observing changes in fluid accumulation with the target marker as a reference, thereby improving observation sensitivity.

[0064] In some implementations, the target identifier can be one or more.

[0065] In some embodiments, a suction tube may or may not be provided inside the laryngeal mask body 100; if no suction tube is provided inside the laryngeal mask body 100, the operator may insert an independent suction tube into the mask cavity 2a through the air passage 100a of the laryngeal mask body 100 as needed.

[0066] In some embodiments, an image sensor can be used to acquire images, and liquid detection can be further performed based on the target markers in the images. The image sensor can be disposed within the sealing seat 2, or within the cavity 2a formed by the sealing seat 2, or within the wall of the cavity 2a, or within a tubular object that extends into the cavity 2a.

[0067] The target identifier is a visible identifier that can be observed by the image sensor after the laryngeal mask body is inserted into the patient's body; that is, the target identifier is within the observation range of the image sensor.

[0068] In some embodiments, the catheter body 1 can be a single tubular structure, a structure formed by multiple tubular bodies, or a structure formed by a combination of a single tubular structure and multiple tubular bodies. This application does not limit this aspect.

[0069] For example, the catheter body can be integrally formed, with multiple air-conducting cavities inside, and channels with different functions are formed based on the cavities inside the tube.

[0070] For example, a catheter body can be a structure composed of multiple tubes, each of which can correspond to at least one channel.

[0071] For example, the catheter body can be a single tube at the proximal end and a multi-tube structure at the distal end.

[0072] For example, the catheter body can be a single tube at the distal end and a multi-tube structure at the proximal end.

[0073] The air passage 100a is used to introduce air into the patient's lungs, thereby enabling the laryngeal mask body 100 to have the function of guiding air.

[0074] In some embodiments, the catheter may also include an endoscope channel, and the air channel and the endoscope channel are not connected to each other.

[0075] The endoscope channel is used to allow the passage of an endoscope, which may include, but is not limited to, a gastroscope. It should be noted that, in addition to the aforementioned channel, the laryngeal mask body 100 may also include channels with other functions, which can be specifically configured according to actual usage requirements.

[0076] In some implementations, the sealing seat 2 can be placed around the area around the patient's larynx entrance to isolate the patient's respiratory and digestive tracts.

[0077] In some embodiments, the sealing seat 2 and the conduit body 1 can be integrally formed, or the connection between the two can be achieved by bonding, snap-fitting, secondary molding, or other methods.

[0078] In some embodiments, a baffle or baffle may also be provided inside the cavity 2a of the sealing seat 2.

[0079] It is understandable that during the use of the laryngeal mask airway 100, viscous fluid, refluxed material, foam, etc., may enter the mask cavity 2a. By setting a baffle or rib on the distal side of the image sensor, the viscous material in the viscous fluid, solid substances in the refluxed material, foam, etc., can be kept as much as possible in the front space of the mask cavity 2a, avoiding or reducing the flow of these substances with the liquid to the opening of the suction and / or flushing tube, and / or to the blind end of the tubing (the image channel of the image sensor), thereby affecting the smoothness of the suction operation and / or the imaging quality of the image sensor. Target marking may include, but is not limited to, markings of target shape, target color, target size, etc., at least one of these.

[0080] For example, the target shape may include, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: circle, rectangle, triangle, monolithic shape, or a specific shape composed of multiple parts.

[0081] The target color may include at least one of the following colors: green, blue, yellow, etc.

[0082] The target size may include, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: a size determined based on the image acquisition range of the image sensor, a size determined based on the size of the sealing seat, or a preset size.

[0083] In some implementations, the target identifier may be a graphic identifier marked on an existing structure within the cavity, or it may include a structural identifier disposed within the cavity.

[0084] For example, the target identifier can be an identifier marked on the cavity wall of the hood.

[0085] For example, the target identifier can be a baffle or baffle rib in the aforementioned cavity.

[0086] In the case of fluid accumulation within the cavity, the target marker may be completely or partially covered by the liquid. Due to factors such as changes in the shape and / or size of the target marker caused by light refraction, changes in the color of the target marker caused by the superposition of liquid colors, or obstruction of the target marker by the presence of a physical object within the liquid, the image sensor can detect changes in the image morphology of at least part of the target marker, which can further indicate fluid accumulation within the cavity.

[0087] In some implementations, the morphological changes of the target identifier can be determined based on dimensions such as the shape, color, and / or size of the target identifier.

[0088] For example, when determining the shape changes of a target identifier based on an algorithm related to color recognition, the sensitivity of identifying the target identifier can be improved by setting the color of the target identifier to a solid color.

[0089] For example, when determining the shape changes of target identifiers based on distribution-related algorithms, the sensitivity and accuracy of identifying target identifiers can be improved by setting the shape of the target identifiers to a regular shape.

[0090] In summary, in this embodiment of the application, the laryngeal mask body is provided with a target mark inside the sealing cavity, which can be used as a reference to create favorable conditions for accurately determining whether there is fluid accumulation inside the laryngeal mask cavity.

[0091] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 2 The laryngeal mask also has a suction channel 100b inside its main body;

[0092] The laryngeal mask body 100 includes a suction tube 3, which has an inner cavity. The inner cavity of the suction tube 3 is at least part of the suction channel 100b. The suction tube 3 is used to suction liquid 2c in the mask cavity 2a.

[0093] In some embodiments, the suction tube 3 can be directly connected to the sealing seat 2, and the inner cavity of the suction tube 3 can communicate with the inner cavity of the airbag seat of the sealing seat 2 without passing through the catheter body 1.

[0094] In some embodiments, a suction chamber may be provided inside the catheter body 1, and a portion of the suction tube 3 may be disposed in a portion of the suction chamber; or, a portion of the suction tube 3 may be disposed in the entire suction chamber; or, the tube wall structure of the suction tube 3 may be connected to the relevant structure of the catheter body 1, so that the inner lumen of the suction tube 3 communicates with the suction chamber; wherein, the connection method between the tube wall structure of the suction tube 3 and the relevant structure of the catheter body 1 may include, but is not limited to, butt joint or welding.

[0095] In some embodiments, the suction channel 100b is used to engage with the suction tube 3, and the suction of liquid 2c in the shroud 2a can be completed by inserting the suction tube 3 into the suction channel 100b.

[0096] In some implementations, there may be one or more suction tubes. It is understood that by using multiple suction tubes, the efficiency of liquid suction can be improved.

[0097] In this embodiment, by providing a suction channel within the laryngeal mask body, the laryngeal mask body is equipped with a suction function, which improves the convenience of laryngeal mask suction operation. This allows the suction tube to be used to promptly suction the fluid in the mask cavity through the suction channel, thereby reducing the fluid in the mask cavity and lowering the risk of fluid entering the patient's glottis and subglottic airway. At the same time, it reduces the impact on surgery or other diagnostic and treatment procedures.

[0098] In some embodiments, a viewing channel is provided within the laryngeal mask body, and the distal end of the viewing channel is connected to the optical path of the mask cavity to acquire images of at least a portion of the target identifier through the viewing channel.

[0099] Here, the video channel is used to accommodate video components, which may include a video tube with an image sensor at its far end, or a module formed by an image sensor and wires connected to the image sensor.

[0100] For example, refer to Figure 2 A video channel 100c can also be provided inside the laryngeal mask body 100.

[0101] In some implementations, the imaging assembly may be an imaging tube with an image sensor at its distal end, and an imaging channel for engaging with the imaging tube. Imaging can be completed by inserting the imaging tube into the imaging tube channel to obtain images within the mask cavity and / or images of the patient's larynx.

[0102] In some implementations, the vision assembly can be a module formed by an image sensor and wires, which can be fixedly mounted in the vision channel.

[0103] It should be noted that in embodiments where the image component is a video tube with an image sensor at the far end, a wire connected to the image sensor may also be provided inside the video tube, and this application does not limit this.

[0104] In some implementations, an image sensor can be configured at the far end of the video tube, and the image signals acquired by the image sensor can be sent to the signal processing device and / or display device of the laryngeal mask via a wired or wireless connection to provide a reference for the next step of automatic or manual operation of the laryngeal mask.

[0105] In some implementations, the distal end of the viewing channel is connected to the optical path of the cavity, which may include, but is not limited to, the distal end of the viewing channel being directly connected to the cavity, or a transparent partition being provided between the viewing channel and the cavity.

[0106] In some embodiments, the laryngeal mask body may also include a flexible tube, and the channel wall at the distal end of the viewing channel may be formed by the flexible tube, with at least a portion of the flexible tube extending into the mask cavity 2a.

[0107] In some embodiments, the channel wall at the distal end of the suction channel 100b may also be formed by a flexible tube, that is, the viewing channel 100c and the suction channel 100b are disposed in the same flexible tube.

[0108] In some embodiments, the laryngeal mask body 100 may further include a light guide with light generation and / or conduction functions for providing illumination light. The light guide may include, but is not limited to, optical fibers (such as glass optical fibers, plastic optical fibers, etc.) and electroluminescent devices (such as light-emitting diodes, etc.).

[0109] For example, when the light guide is an optical fiber, the distal end of the light guide can extend into the cavity 2a, and the light incident from the proximal end can be transmitted to the distal end so that the image acquired through the video channel is clearly visible, without the need to place the light source inside the patient's body.

[0110] In some implementations, the light guide can be fixed relative to the far end of the video channel, and if necessary, can be controlled to be bent and / or reset together with the video channel, thereby providing sufficient illumination to the video components within the video channel.

[0111] In some implementations, a dedicated viewing channel may not be required, and the viewing components may be partially or entirely disposed on the surface of the hood cavity and / or the air guide cavity.

[0112] In this embodiment, a viewing channel is provided within the laryngeal mask airway body, and the distal end of the viewing channel is connected to the optical path of the mask cavity to acquire images of at least a portion of the target marker through the viewing channel. This allows for visual determination of whether fluid has accumulated within the mask cavity based on the image of the target marker acquired through the viewing channel. In some embodiments, the target marker 2b is elongated.

[0113] Here, the elongated shape can include, but is not limited to, rectangles, trapezoids, rectangles with rounded corners, and / or rectangles with rounded corners, etc., and the direction of extension is the direction corresponding to the longest side of the target identifier 2b of the elongated shape.

[0114] For example, in the case of fluid accumulation in the laryngeal mask cavity, the fluid may cover or partially cover the target marker. Setting the target marker as an elongated shape helps to sensitively identify changes in the image morphology of the target marker caused by light refraction due to fluid accumulation, fluid color superposition, and obstruction by substantial objects within the fluid. Therefore, using an elongated target marker as a reference can improve the observation sensitivity of the laryngeal mask.

[0115] In some implementations, where the laryngeal mask body does not have a dedicated endoscope channel, the patient is often in a supine position when using the laryngeal mask body during surgery or examination. In such cases, the target marker can be placed on the bottom wall of the mask cavity 2a to obtain better observation results.

[0116] It is understandable that, for laryngeal mask bodies with endoscopic access channels, and / or when the patient is in a lateral decubitus position, the target marker can also be placed on the side wall of the mask cavity 2a.

[0117] In some embodiments, a viewing channel is provided inside the laryngeal mask body, and a strip-shaped baffle is provided on the cavity wall of the mask cavity. The strip-shaped baffle is located on the far side of the viewing channel and is spaced from the far end of the viewing channel. The target identifier includes the strip-shaped baffle.

[0118] In some embodiments, the cavity wall protrusion of the cavity 2a may form a baffle, which is located on the far side of the image assembly and the image channel and is spaced apart from the image channel.

[0119] Here, the specific structural form of the baffle is not limited in this embodiment. The baffle can form an integral structure with the cavity wall of the cover cavity 2a, or the baffle can be connected to the cavity wall of the cover cavity 2a of the sealing seat 2 by means of bonding, welding or other methods.

[0120] It is understandable that during the use of the laryngeal mask airway 100, there may be situations where viscous fluid, reflux material, foam, etc. from the patient's airway enter the mask cavity 2a. This embodiment, by setting a baffle on the far side of the imaging channel, can keep the viscous material in the viscous fluid, solid substances in the reflux material, foam, etc. in the front space of the mask cavity 2a as much as possible, avoiding or reducing the above substances flowing with the liquid to the distal inlet of the suction and / or flushing tube, thereby affecting the smoothness of the suction operation and / or the imaging quality of the image component.

[0121] In this embodiment, the target identifier includes a strip-shaped baffle. It is understood that using the strip-shaped baffle as the target identifier can improve the accuracy of target identifier identification during laryngeal mask use by utilizing the baffle's strip-shaped shape.

[0122] In some implementations, the target identifier may be only a strip-shaped retaining rib, or it may include other elongated target identifiers besides the strip-shaped retaining rib.

[0123] In some embodiments, the strip-shaped baffle is at least partially disposed on the sidewall of the cover cavity, and the projection of the strip-shaped baffle onto the central surface of the sealing seat is orthogonal to the extending direction of the sealing seat.

[0124] Here, the central surface of the sealing seat refers to the surface that divides the sealing seat into two approximately symmetrical halves along its extension direction. In clinical applications, the sides of the sealing seat often move towards the central surface after being compressed. The baffle, with the above-mentioned structural arrangement, is placed on the side wall of the laryngeal mask cavity. This allows the baffle to maintain its shape even when the laryngeal mask body is compressed, and it is less likely to be obscured by the mask cavity or patient tissue. This improves the consistency of the target marker as a reference marker, thereby enhancing the accuracy of target marker observation.

[0125] In some implementations, the laryngeal mask body is provided with a viewing channel. When the laryngeal mask body is used during surgery or examination, the target marker may be obscured when the patient is in a lateral decubitus position. This obstruction may be due to deformation of the patient's body tissue or the sealing seat.

[0126] For example, when the patient is lying on their side, the laryngeal mask body is compressed, and the relative space between the endoscopic channel wall partially exposed in the mask cavity and the side wall of the sealing seat becomes smaller, which may obscure the target marker in that position. In this case, a baffle can be set on the side wall of the sealing seat to reduce the entry of debris and other objects into the patient's airway, and the baffle can be set as the target marker to improve the accuracy of observation.

[0127] In some embodiments, the first color of the target identifier is distinguished from the second color of the cavity wall.

[0128] Here, the first color is different from the second color. By distinguishing the color of the target identifier from the cavity wall, the interference from the cavity wall can be better eliminated, thus improving the accuracy of identifying the target identifier.

[0129] In some implementations, the first color and the second color can be colors from different color families, meaning the contrast between the first color and the second color is quite strong. For example, the first color can be green, and the second color can be red. Another example is that the first color can be blue, and the second color can be yellow.

[0130] In some implementations, the first color and the second color can be colors from the same color family; for example, the first color can be red and the second color can be orange.

[0131] In this embodiment, the first color of the target identifier is different from the second color of the cavity wall. This reduces visual interference from the cavity wall during observation of the target identifier (e.g., it reduces the possibility of misidentifying the cavity wall as the target identifier, or vice versa, leading to inaccurate identification of the target identifier), further improving the accuracy of determining whether there is fluid accumulation inside the cavity.

[0132] In some embodiments, the first color of the target identifier is also distinguished from the third color of human throat tissue.

[0133] Here, the first color is different from the third color. By distinguishing the color of the target identifier from the human throat tissue, the interference of the human throat tissue can be better eliminated, thus improving the accuracy of identifying the target identifier.

[0134] In some implementations, the second color may be the same as or different from the third color.

[0135] For example, the third color can be light red or dark red, the second color is the same as the third color, and the first color can be green or blue.

[0136] For example, the third color can be light red or dark red, the second color can be purple, and the first color can be yellow.

[0137] In this embodiment, the first color of the target identifier is different from the third color of the human throat tissue. This reduces visual interference from the human throat tissue during observation of the target identifier (e.g., it reduces the possibility of misidentifying the human throat tissue as the target identifier, or vice versa, leading to inaccurate identification of the target identifier), further improving the accuracy of determining whether there is fluid accumulation in the mask cavity.

[0138] Embodiments of this application also provide a laryngeal mask, see reference to Figure 3 The laryngeal mask 200 includes the laryngeal mask body 100 as described in any of the above embodiments, as well as the imaging device 21 and the signal processing device 22.

[0139] The video device 21 is equipped with an image sensor;

[0140] The signal processing device 22 is communicatively connected to the image sensor and is used to: acquire a first image of the cavity captured by the image sensor; extract a first morphological feature of the target identifier from the first image; and determine whether there is liquid accumulation in the cavity based on the first morphological feature.

[0141] The laryngeal mask of this application embodiment has all the advantages of the laryngeal mask body 100 described in any of the above embodiments, and the advantages of the laryngeal mask body 100 will not be repeated here.

[0142] In some embodiments, the viewing device 21 of the laryngeal mask 200 may also include a display device disposed near the end of the viewing tube.

[0143] The first image may include at least one of the following: a red-green-blue color mode (RGB) image, a hue-saturation-lightness mode (HSV) image, and a black and white image.

[0144] In some implementations, multiple first images can be acquired. If the first morphological features of at least one of the multiple first images indicate that there is liquid accumulation in the cavity, the signal processing device 22 can provide prompts, alarms and / or automatic suction commands to further suction the liquid in the cavity manually or automatically.

[0145] For example, multiple consecutive first images can be acquired, and if the first morphological features of at least two consecutive first images in the multiple first images indicate liquid accumulation in the cavity, the signal processing device 22 can issue an automatic suction command for the liquid in the cavity, thereby realizing automatic suction of the liquid in the cavity.

[0146] The first morphological feature can be the morphological feature of the target identifier in the first image. The morphological feature of the target identifier can include, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: the target identifier's color, outline, area, and distribution in the image.

[0147] For example, the target identifier can be monochrome. If the target identifier is two-color or multi-color in the first image, it can be inferred that at least part of the target identifier is immersed in liquid. Since the color of the liquid is superimposed on the original color of the target identifier, the color of the part of the target identifier immersed in the liquid changes, resulting in a two-color or multi-color situation. The signal processing device 22 then gives a prompt, alarm, and / or automatic suction command.

[0148] For example, if the outline and / or area of ​​the target identifier changes in the first image, it can be inferred that at least part of the target identifier is immersed in liquid. Due to the change in the outline and / or area of ​​the target identifier caused by light refraction, the signal processing device 22 can further provide prompts, alarms, and / or automatic suction commands.

[0149] For example, if the proportion of the target identifier in the first image is greater than or less than the standard proportion, it can be inferred that the target identifier is at least partially immersed in liquid. This immersion, due to light refraction or the presence of residue or other objects in the liquid obscuring the target identifier, causes a change in its shape, resulting in an increase or decrease in the observed area of ​​the target identifier. The signal processing device 22 then provides a prompt, alarm, and / or automatic suction command. Here, the standard proportion is the proportion of the target identifier in the image acquired by the image sensor when it is not deformed.

[0150] In some implementations, a neural network model can be used to determine the category of the first morphological feature; if the category of the first morphological feature is the target category, the fluid accumulation in the cavity can be determined.

[0151] For example, a neural network model can be used to classify and predict the first morphological feature to obtain the category of the first morphological feature.

[0152] In some implementations, the laryngeal mask may not include a suction device.

[0153] For example, in an embodiment where the laryngeal mask does not include a suction device, if the first morphological feature indicates that there is fluid accumulation in the mask cavity, the signal processing device may provide a fluid accumulation warning or alarm, prompting the operator to manually aspirate the fluid using an external suction device (such as a suction device already available in the current environment) through a suction tube.

[0154] In this embodiment, a first image is acquired using a visual device equipped with an image sensor. A signal processing device analyzes the first image acquired by the image sensor to obtain the first morphological features of the target identifier. Based on these first morphological features, it is further determined whether fluid has accumulated in the mask cavity. This allows the signal processing device to issue prompts, alarms, and / or automatic aspiration commands in the event of fluid accumulation in the mask cavity, enabling timely aspiration of the fluid. This creates conditions for improving patient safety during laryngeal mask use and for ensuring the safety and smoothness of surgical and / or diagnostic procedures.

[0155] In some embodiments, the laryngeal mask includes a suction device that can be connected to the proximal end of a suction tube for suctioning liquid from within the mask cavity; a signal processing device is communicatively connected to the suction device.

[0156] Here, the signal processing device can determine the liquid accumulation in the cavity.

[0157] In some implementations, the signal processing device can, upon determining that liquid has accumulated in the cavity, issue instructions to the suction device regarding whether to suction and / or the duration of suction, and the suction device executes the corresponding suction procedure according to the instructions from the signal processing device.

[0158] In some implementations, the suction device can be automatically controlled by a signal processing device or manually controlled by an operator to complete the suction of liquid in the hood cavity. This application does not limit this.

[0159] For example, in an embodiment where the laryngeal mask includes a suction device, when the first morphological feature indicates that there is fluid accumulation in the mask cavity, the signal processing device can issue an automatic command to control the suction device to suction the fluid in the mask cavity through the suction tube.

[0160] It is understandable that by manually judging or re-judging whether aspiration is needed and / or determining the aspiration plan, i.e., by relying on experience data from manual judgment, the accuracy of the judgment and its adaptability to the current scenario can be improved.

[0161] In some embodiments, the video device, display device, suction device, and / or signal processing device may be integrated as a whole or disposed separately.

[0162] In some embodiments, the image sensor is wirelessly connected to the signal processing device.

[0163] Here, the image sensor can have wireless transmission capabilities, allowing it to connect to the signal processing device wirelessly.

[0164] In some implementations, the image sensor, which is wirelessly connected to the signal processing device, may be located inside the cavity; or, located at or near the proximal end of the catheter body.

[0165] For example, an image sensor can be mounted on the surface of the cavity.

[0166] For example, image sensors can be embedded inside the cavity wall.

[0167] For example, the image sensor can be located at the bottom of the cavity or on the side wall of the cavity.

[0168] For example, the image sensor can be placed at the connection between the lumen and the catheter body.

[0169] In some implementations, the image sensor can transmit images within the cavity and data of the observed patient tissue to a signal processing device via multiple sets of mirrors or image transmission devices, such as optical fibers.

[0170] In this embodiment, the image sensor and signal processing device are wirelessly connected. This eliminates the need for a visual channel within the laryngeal mask airway (LMA) body, reducing structural complexity and thus manufacturing difficulty and cost. Furthermore, by reducing the size of the catheter, patient comfort after LMA insertion is improved.

[0171] In some embodiments, the imaging device may include an imaging component with an image sensor remotely disposed thereon, the image sensor of the imaging component being wiredly connected to a signal processing device.

[0172] In some embodiments, a viewing channel is provided within the laryngeal mask body, and the viewing assembly includes a viewing tube with an image sensor disposed at its distal end, at least a portion of the viewing tube being pluggable into the viewing channel. This improves the flexibility of connecting the viewing assembly to the viewing channel.

[0173] In some embodiments, a viewing channel is provided within the laryngeal mask body, and the viewing assembly may include an image sensor and a viewing module formed by connecting wires, with the viewing module at least partially fixed within the viewing channel.

[0174] Here, the video module and the signal processing device are connected via a wire.

[0175] In some embodiments, the image sensor, which is wired to the signal processing device, may be located inside the cavity; or, located at or near the proximal end of the catheter body.

[0176] By fixing at least a portion of the video module within the video channel, the stability of the video module can be improved, further enhancing the stability and accuracy of images acquired based on the video module.

[0177] In some embodiments, the signal processing device may also be used to: acquire the target morphological features of the target identifier; determine that there is liquid accumulation in the cavity if the first morphological feature does not match the target morphological feature; or determine that there is no liquid accumulation in the cavity if the first morphological feature matches the target morphological feature.

[0178] Here, the target morphological feature can be an empirical morphological feature that characterizes the target identifier when there is no liquid accumulation in the cavity. Since the target morphological feature characterizes the absence of liquid accumulation in the cavity, if the first morphological feature does not match the target morphological feature, it can be determined that the first morphological feature characterizes liquid accumulation in the cavity; if the first morphological feature matches the target morphological feature, it can be determined that the first morphological feature characterizes the absence of liquid accumulation in the cavity.

[0179] In some implementations, target morphological features can be determined automatically, semi-automatically, manually, or pre-stored.

[0180] For example, after the laryngeal mask body is inserted into the patient for the target duration, the actual feature value of the target identifier can be automatically obtained and compared with the theoretical feature value. If the comparison result indicates that the actual feature value matches the theoretical feature value, the actual feature value can be determined as the target morphological feature.

[0181] For example, after the laryngeal mask is inserted into the patient's body, the operator can observe the situation inside the mask cavity through a monitor. If the operator believes that there is no fluid accumulation in the mask cavity, they can trigger the signal processing device by pressing a button to obtain and record the current target morphological characteristics. This method can be applied after the initial activation of the laryngeal mask or during its use.

[0182] For example, target morphological features obtained based on empirical morphological features (e.g., modified and compounded from clinical data) can be pre-stored in the database of the signal processing device. Furthermore, after acquiring the first image, the first morphological features of the first image can be directly compared with the target morphological features.

[0183] In some implementations, the first morphological feature can be determined to match the target morphological feature if the first morphological feature matches the target morphological feature at least partially.

[0184] For example, if the similarity between the first morphological feature and the target morphological feature is greater than a preset similarity threshold (such as 85%), it can be determined that the first morphological feature matches the target morphological feature.

[0185] It is understandable that, due to the randomness of feature extraction in practical applications, matching the first morphological feature with the target morphological feature can indicate that the first morphological feature is the same as or approximately the same as the target morphological feature.

[0186] In this embodiment of the application, by comparing whether the first morphological feature and the target morphological feature used as a reference match, the accuracy of determining whether there is liquid accumulation in the cavity based on the first morphological feature can be improved.

[0187] In some embodiments, the signal processing apparatus may further be used to: acquire a second image containing a target identifier; the second image is acquired by an image sensor when there is no liquid accumulation in the cavity; extract a second morphological feature of the target identifier from the second image; and determine the target morphological feature based on the second morphological feature.

[0188] Here, the second image can be obtained by an image sensor capturing the mask cavity when there is no fluid accumulation in the cavity immediately after the laryngeal mask is inserted into the human body, or it can be obtained by an image sensor capturing the mask cavity at any time after the laryngeal mask is inserted into the human body when there is no fluid accumulation in the cavity (e.g., after completing one fluid aspiration).

[0189] The second morphological feature can be the morphological feature of the target identifier in the second image, that is, the morphological feature of the target identifier when there is no liquid accumulation in the cavity.

[0190] In some implementations, the number of second images can be at least one.

[0191] For example, if only one second image is captured, the color of the target identifier can be used as a second morphological feature.

[0192] For example, if multiple second images have been acquired, the area of ​​the target marker in those multiple second images can be used as a second morphological feature.

[0193] In some implementations, the second morphological feature can be determined as the target morphological feature; or the target morphological feature can be obtained by comprehensive calculation and analysis based on at least one second morphological feature.

[0194] For example, the color of the target identifier in the second image can be directly determined as the target morphological feature.

[0195] For example, the average proportion of the target identifier in multiple second images can be used to determine the target morphological feature.

[0196] In this embodiment, a second image of the cavity without liquid accumulation is acquired using an image sensor. This image yields a second morphological feature representing the absence of liquid accumulation within the cavity, and a target morphological feature is obtained based on this second morphological feature as a judgment criterion. This improves the accuracy of liquid detection, thereby more accurately determining whether liquid has accumulated within the cavity.

[0197] In some embodiments, the signal processing apparatus may further be used to: determine the second morphological feature as the target morphological feature when the second morphological feature matches a reference morphological feature of the target identifier; the reference morphological feature is determined based on the shape of the target identifier.

[0198] Here, the reference morphological features may include features that characterize the shape and size of the target identifier after the target identifier has been determined.

[0199] In some implementations, the reference morphological features can be manually preset or automatically calculated and determined by the device based on a large amount of historical experience data.

[0200] In some implementations, the reference morphological features can be preset reference values ​​of the signal processing device.

[0201] For example, the reference morphological features may include, but are not limited to, at least one of the following: the shape, outline, size, and proportion of the target identifier in an image acquired by an image sensor.

[0202] It is understandable that after the shape of the target identifier is determined, the size of the target identifier can be determined based on the shape, and further, the proportion of the target identifier in the image acquired by the image sensor can be determined.

[0203] If the second morphological feature of the target identifier matches the reference morphological feature in the second image, it can be determined that the second morphological feature matches the standard shape of the target identifier. Therefore, the second morphological feature can be identified as the target morphological feature.

[0204] It is understandable that, due to the randomness of feature extraction in practical applications, matching the second morphological feature with the reference morphological feature can indicate that the second morphological feature is the same as or approximately the same as the reference morphological feature.

[0205] It is understandable that the first morphological feature is matched with the target morphological feature to determine whether there is fluid accumulation in the cavity; the second morphological feature is matched with the reference morphological feature to determine the target morphological feature; the threshold for matching the first morphological feature with the target morphological feature and the threshold for matching the second morphological feature with the reference morphological feature may be the same as or different from the threshold for matching the second morphological feature with the reference morphological feature.

[0206] In some implementations, the threshold for matching the first morphological feature with the target morphological feature and the threshold for matching the second morphological feature with the reference morphological feature can be determined based on human intervention and / or empirical data.

[0207] In some implementations, if the second morphological feature does not match the reference morphological feature of the target identifier, it may be due to a deviation between the position of the laryngeal mask inserted into the patient's body and the preset position, resulting in a deviation in the acquired second image. In this case, the operator can adjust the position of the laryngeal mask and reacquire the second image after adjusting the position.

[0208] In this embodiment, the second morphological feature is determined as the target morphological feature when it matches a reference morphological feature determined based on the shape of the target identifier. This allows for real-time determination of the target morphological feature in clinical applications based on the reference morphological feature determined according to the target identifier shape. This improves the usability of the target morphological feature data and enhances its anti-interference capability. For example, deformation of the sealing seat during laryngeal mask airway use may cause abnormal changes in the target identifier morphological feature, leading to erroneous observations of fluid accumulation or lack thereof, and further resulting in incorrect aspiration or failure of the aspiration device.

[0209] In some embodiments, the first morphological feature includes a first entropy value, and the signal processing device can also be used to: identify a first pixel region representing a target identifier from a first image; obtain a first entropy value; the first entropy value is calculated by calculating the entropy value of the distribution of each pixel in the first pixel region; determine that there is liquid accumulation in the cavity when the absolute value of the difference between the first entropy value and the second entropy value is greater than a difference threshold; the second entropy value is calculated by calculating the entropy value of the distribution of each pixel in a second pixel region, the second pixel region being the pixel region representing the target identifier in a second image, and the second image being acquired by an image sensor from the cavity when there is no liquid accumulation in the cavity.

[0210] Here, the first pixel region can be the pixel region where the pixel corresponding to the target identifier in the first image is located.

[0211] The second pixel region can be the pixel region where the pixel corresponding to the target identifier in the second image is located.

[0212] In some implementations, the first pixel region can be determined based on the color of each pixel in the first image.

[0213] For example, if the image captured by the camera is in RGB format, the RGB image can be converted into an HSV format image; pixels in the HSV image can be extracted, and if the H, S, and / or V values ​​of the pixel are within the range of values ​​corresponding to the target identifier color, and the R, G, and / or B values ​​of the pixel in the RGB image are within the range of values ​​corresponding to the target identifier color, the area formed by the pixel can be determined as the first pixel area.

[0214] For example, if the target identifier is green, the first pixel region can be defined as the area composed of pixels in the first image with H values ​​between 35 and 77, S values ​​between 43 and 255, V values ​​between 46 and 255, and G values ​​greater than R and B values ​​in the RGB image.

[0215] In some implementations, the method for determining the second pixel region can refer to the method for determining the first pixel region, which will not be repeated here in the embodiments of this application.

[0216] The second entropy value can correspond to the second morphological feature mentioned above.

[0217] The difference threshold may include a preset difference threshold or a difference threshold that is dynamically adjusted during the application process. This application embodiment does not limit this.

[0218] It is understandable that, since the second image is obtained by the image sensor when there is no liquid accumulation in the cavity, the second entropy value corresponding to the distribution of the target identifier in the second image can represent that there is no liquid accumulation in the cavity. When the absolute value of the difference between the first entropy value and the second entropy value is greater than the difference threshold, it can be inferred that the scene corresponding to the first entropy value is different from the scene corresponding to the second entropy value. Therefore, the first entropy value represents liquid accumulation in the cavity.

[0219] It should be noted that the term "no fluid accumulation" mentioned in this application is a relative concept. It means that during clinical use, there is no fluid in the mask cavity at all, or there is a small amount of fluid, but this small amount of fluid does not affect the normal function of the laryngeal mask and will not cause obvious irritation to the patient. This can be considered as no fluid accumulation.

[0220] For example, the difference threshold can be 30%. If the difference between the first entropy value and the second entropy value is greater than 30%, fluid accumulation in the mask cavity can be determined, and the suction device can be controlled to perform suction. Suction can be stopped when the difference between the first entropy value and the second entropy value is no greater than 30%. In some embodiments, the second image can include an image acquired for the first time by an image sensor of the mask cavity after the laryngeal mask is inserted into the body, or it can include an image acquired for the first time by an image sensor of the mask cavity at any time after the laryngeal mask is inserted into the body.

[0221] In some implementations, the distribution of each pixel in a pixel region may include the overall distribution in the image, or it may include the distribution in a preset direction.

[0222] In some implementations, the first entropy value can be obtained by directly calculating the distribution of each pixel in the first pixel region; alternatively, the first entropy value can be calculated based on the distribution of the processed pixels after processing. The processing methods may include, but are not limited to, at least one of fitting, translation, and binarization.

[0223] In some implementations, the method for determining the second entropy value can refer to the method for determining the first entropy value, which will not be repeated here in the embodiments of this application.

[0224] In this embodiment, the first morphological feature includes a first entropy value. The signal processing device can also be used to: identify a first pixel region representing a target identifier from a first image; obtain a first entropy value; the first entropy value is calculated by evaluating the entropy value of the distribution of each pixel in the first pixel region; determine fluid accumulation in the mask cavity if the absolute value of the difference between the first entropy value and the second entropy value is greater than a difference threshold; the second entropy value is calculated by evaluating the entropy value of the distribution of each pixel in a second pixel region, the second pixel region being the pixel region representing the target identifier in a second image, and the second image being acquired by an image sensor when there is no fluid accumulation in the mask cavity. Thus, in actual clinical use, by determining whether the target identifier has undergone deformation based on the first entropy value and whether the absolute value of the difference between the first entropy value representing the target identifier's distribution in the first image and the second entropy value representing the target identifier's distribution in the image when there is no fluid accumulation in the mask cavity is greater than a difference threshold, the accuracy of determining whether the target identifier has undergone deformation based on the first entropy value can be improved, further enhancing the accuracy of determining whether there is fluid accumulation in the mask cavity.

[0225] In some embodiments, the first entropy value is calculated by distributing the entropy values ​​of each pixel in the first pixel region in the target direction, and the second entropy value is calculated by distributing the entropy values ​​of each pixel in the second pixel region in the target direction.

[0226] Here, the target direction can be a preset projection direction.

[0227] In some implementations, each pixel in the first pixel region can be projected in the target direction, and the first entropy value can be determined by calculating the distribution entropy value of the projected points.

[0228] It is understandable that after the liquid and backflow material enter the hood cavity and cover the target marker, the overall or partial position of the target marker in the image may change in the horizontal direction, that is, the position of the corresponding area of ​​the target marker in the image changes; it is also possible that due to at least partial occlusion by the backflow material, the size and shape of the corresponding area of ​​the target marker in the image may change. In particular, the corresponding area of ​​the target marker may become larger or smaller.

[0229] For example, if the color of the liquid or reflux is the same as or approximately the same as the color of the target marker, the area corresponding to the target marker identified in the image may become larger; if the color of the liquid or reflux is the same as or approximately the same as the background color in the image, the area corresponding to the target marker identified in the image may become smaller.

[0230] In some implementations, when the target identifier is a strip-shaped identifier, the corresponding area of ​​the target identifier projected along its length has higher sensitivity during recognition compared to projection in other directions.

[0231] For example, if the corresponding area of ​​the target identifier changes, projecting the corresponding coordinates in the direction corresponding to the length can better reflect the deformation of the corresponding area than projecting it in the corresponding coordinates in the direction corresponding to the width, thus having better sensitivity.

[0232] In some implementations, at least one pixel in the first pixel region whose projections coincide along the target projection direction can be regarded as a group of pixels, and the target projection direction is perpendicular to the target direction; for each group of pixels, the proportion of the number of pixels in the total number of pixels in the first image can be determined; based on the proportions corresponding to each group of pixels, the first entropy value can be determined.

[0233] For example, the process of determining the first entropy value H(D) can be found in formula (1):

[0234]

[0235] Wherein, p(d) i d represents the percentage of the total number of pixels in the first pixel region along the target projection direction in the first image. i For different pixel groups, n is the total number of pixel groups in the first image;

[0236] That is, along the target projection direction, for the first image, calculate the probability p(d) of the pixel in the first pixel region appearing in each group. i ), and based on probability p(di The first entropy value H(D) is obtained.

[0237] In some implementations, referring to formula (1), the second entropy value can be determined by referring to the method for determining the first entropy value, based on the pixel points of the second pixel region corresponding to the target identifier in the second image, and the projection distribution along the target projection direction. This application embodiment will not be repeated here.

[0238] In some implementations, a reference coordinate system can be established, and the positions of the pixels in the first pixel region under the reference coordinate system can be determined; based on the positions of the pixels in the first pixel region under the reference coordinate system, the target distribution of the pixels in the first pixel region along the coordinate axis direction of the reference coordinate system can be determined; and the first entropy value corresponding to the target distribution can be determined.

[0239] In some implementations, a reference coordinate system can be established, and the positions of the pixels in the second pixel region under the reference coordinate system can be determined; based on the positions of the pixels in the second pixel region under the reference coordinate system, the target distribution of the pixels in the second pixel region along the coordinate axis direction of the reference coordinate system can be determined; and the second entropy value corresponding to the target distribution can be determined.

[0240] For example, the reference coordinate system may include a Cartesian coordinate system with the lower left corner of the image output by the image sensor as the origin. This allows each pixel in the first and second images to be located in the first quadrant of the reference coordinate system, facilitating further calculations.

[0241] In this embodiment, the first entropy value is calculated by distributing the entropy values ​​of each pixel in the first pixel region along the target direction, and the second entropy value is calculated by distributing the entropy values ​​of each pixel in the second pixel region along the target direction. Thus, based on the difference in entropy values ​​corresponding to the distribution of pixels corresponding to the target identifier along the target direction, it can be determined whether the shape of the target identifier has changed, further improving the accuracy of identifying changes in the shape of the target identifier.

[0242] In some embodiments, the target direction is determined based on image parameters output by the image sensor, and / or the target direction is determined based on a second pixel region.

[0243] Here, image parameters may include, but are not limited to, image shape, image size, and coordinate system established based on the image.

[0244] For example, the target direction can be determined based on the shape of the image output by the image sensor and the rays corresponding to the image edges.

[0245] For example, the direction perpendicular to the direction representing the length of the target identifier in the second pixel region can be determined as the target direction, and the projection direction of the pixel point corresponding to the target identifier can be further determined.

[0246] In this embodiment, the target direction is determined based on image parameters output by the image sensor, and / or, the target direction is determined based on the second pixel region. This has several advantages: First, determining the target direction based on image parameters output by the image sensor leverages the inherent characteristics of the image output by the image sensor to determine a unified target direction. This facilitates subsequent data calculations and improves the accuracy of determining whether the target identifier is occluded (i.e., whether liquid accumulates inside the cavity) based on the first and second images acquired by the image sensor. Second, determining the target direction based on the second pixel region allows for the determination of a unified target direction where the deformation of the target identifier is clearly observable, based on the morphological characteristics of the target identifier. This further improves the accuracy of determining whether the target identifier is occluded (i.e., whether liquid accumulates inside the cavity) based on the entropy values ​​of the pixels distributed in the first pixel region along the target direction. Third, a unified target direction can be flexibly determined based on one or more of the above methods according to requirements, thereby improving the convenience of subsequent data calculations and the flexibility of the solution implementation.

[0247] In some embodiments, the target direction may be perpendicular to the horizontal direction of the image output by the image sensor.

[0248] It is understandable that the horizontal and vertical directions of the image output by the image sensor can be opposite directions. When one side of the output image corresponds to the horizontal direction, the side perpendicular to that side corresponds to the vertical direction.

[0249] For example, when the target direction is perpendicular to the horizontal direction, a rectangular coordinate system can be established with the lower left corner of the first image as the origin, and the Y-axis of the rectangular coordinate system can be taken as the target direction. In this case, the process of determining the first entropy value H(Y) in combination with formula (1) can be found in formula (2):

[0250]

[0251] Where p(y i ) represents the pixel point of the first pixel region in y i The proportion of the number of pixels in the total number of pixels in the first image;

[0252] That is, along the Y-axis, for the first image, calculate the probability p(y) of the pixel in the first pixel region appearing at each Y value. i ), and based on probability p(y i The first entropy value H(Y) is obtained.

[0253] Similarly, when the target direction is perpendicular to the horizontal direction, a rectangular coordinate system can be established with the lower left corner of the second image as the origin, and the Y-axis of the rectangular coordinate system can be taken as the target direction. In this case, combined with formula (2), that is, along the Y-axis, for the second image, by calculating the probability of the pixel in the second pixel region appearing at each Y value, the second entropy value can be determined based on the calculated probability.

[0254] In this embodiment of the application, when the target direction is perpendicular to the horizontal direction of the image output by the image sensor, the convenience of subsequent data calculation can be further improved by determining a unified target direction based on the inherent characteristics of the image output by the image sensor and the vertical relationship in the direction.

[0255] In some embodiments, the target identifier can be elongated, and the direction in which the target identifier extends can be perpendicular to the target direction.

[0256] Here, the extension direction of the target identifier is the extension direction corresponding to the longest side of the target identifier. The target direction is the direction that is more sensitive to the deformation of the target identifier. When the extension direction of the target identifier is perpendicular to the target direction, the deformation of the target identifier will be more obvious as the amount of liquid increases. Therefore, the sensitivity of identifying the deformation of the target identifier can be further improved.

[0257] In some embodiments, the signal processing device may further be used to: perform line fitting on the first pixel region to obtain a reference line; rotate the first pixel region and the reference line as a whole based on the target direction, so that the angle between the reference line and the target direction obtained each time is the same; and determine the entropy value of each pixel in the rotated first pixel region distributed in the target direction to obtain a first entropy value.

[0258] Here, due to differences in patients' airway anatomy, differences in the insertion techniques of operators, and uncertainties in the operation process, the position of the target pixel area in different images acquired by the image sensor may differ when different laryngeal masks are inserted into different patients. In addition, during the use of the laryngeal mask, there may be slight changes in its position within the patient's airway, which may also cause the position of the target pixel area in different images acquired by the image sensor to differ when the same laryngeal mask is used on the same patient.

[0259] Understandably, the aforementioned differences may result in different orientational relationships between the pixel region of the target identifier and the target direction. For example, the angle between the pixel region of the target identifier and the target direction may be different. This difference will objectively affect the entropy value calculated based on the pixel region.

[0260] Here, the interference of the above differences on the calculation of entropy value can be reduced by fitting straight lines to the pixels in the pixel region.

[0261] It is understandable that it is necessary to eliminate the discrepancy between the target pixel region and the target direction caused by operational factors, patient anatomy, or even uncertainties during the procedure. Therefore, in some implementations, the first pixel region can be rotated to maintain the same or approximately the same orientation as the target direction, thus eliminating the aforementioned interference. A reference line is formed by fitting the pixels of the first pixel region to create a reference line, and the rotation amount of the first pixel region is determined relative to the target direction, i.e., the rotation angle of the reference line relative to the target direction. This ensures that in multiple acquisitions of the first image, the first pixel region maintains the same angle with the target direction after each rotation. This minimizes interference, making the entropy values ​​acquired each time comparable, thereby improving the accuracy of the laryngeal mask airway in assessing fluid accumulation.

[0262] In some implementations, the positions of each pixel in the first pixel region can be fitted based on a target algorithm to obtain a reference straight line. The target algorithm may include, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: least squares method, weighted least squares method, gradient descent method, regression algorithm, etc.

[0263] In some implementations, after obtaining the reference line, the equation of the reference line can be obtained, and its slope can be obtained. Based on obtaining its slope, the first pixel region can be rotated to improve the consistency of the orientation between the pixel region of the target identifier in the first image and the target direction, thereby reducing the influence of the above-mentioned interference factors on the subsequent entropy value calculation.

[0264] It is understandable that fitting and rotating straight lines does not negatively affect the data corresponding to deformations (e.g., enlargement, shrinkage, and bending) of the pixel area of ​​the target identifier caused by liquids or backflow.

[0265] In some implementations, a straight line fit and rotation can be performed on the first pixel region of the first image, and the same straight line fit and rotation can be performed on the second pixel region of the second image. This ensures that the pixel region of the target identifier in each image is in the same orientation relative to the target direction, further improving the comparability of the first and second entropy values ​​during the overall use of the laryngeal mask airway, thereby eliminating the influence of random factors during the use of the laryngeal mask airway and achieving interference removal.

[0266] In this embodiment, a reference straight line is obtained by fitting a straight line to the first pixel region. Based on the target direction, the first pixel region and the reference straight line are rotated as a whole, so that the angle between the reference straight line and the target direction is the same each time. The entropy value of each pixel in the rotated first pixel region distributed in the target direction is determined to obtain the first entropy value. In this way, even when the first image is acquired multiple times, the first pixel region will always have the same angle with the target direction after rotation. This minimizes interference caused by operational factors, patient anatomical factors, and even uncertainties in the operation process, making the entropy values ​​obtained each time comparable, thereby improving the accuracy of the laryngeal mask airway in judging fluid accumulation.

[0267] In some embodiments, the extended direction of the rotated reference line is perpendicular to the target direction.

[0268] Understandably, aligning the extended direction of the rotated reference line perpendicular to the target direction is more conducive to identifying pixel region changes in the target identifier caused by fluid accumulation within the cavity. This means it is more effective in identifying differences in the first entropy values ​​across multiple first images, as well as differences between the first and second entropy values. For example, in an embodiment where the target identifier is elongated, the pixel region corresponding to the rotated target identifier is perpendicular or approximately perpendicular to the target direction. The distribution of pixels within the pixel region corresponding to the target identifier along the target direction more fully reflects the changes occurring in the pixels within the pixel region, resulting in more significant changes in the entropy value.

[0269] In some embodiments, the signal processing apparatus may also be used to: perform line fitting on the second pixel region to obtain a reference line; and determine the target direction based on the extension direction of the reference line.

[0270] Here, after obtaining the reference line, the direction of extension of the reference line, or the direction that intersects with or is perpendicular to the direction of extension of the reference line, can be determined as the target direction.

[0271] In some implementations, the extension direction of the reference line may have a target angle with the target direction, and the rotated reference line coincides with or is parallel to the reference line, that is, the rotated reference line also has a target angle with the target direction.

[0272] In some implementations, the target coordinate system can be determined based on the extension direction of the reference line, and the target direction is determined based on the target coordinate system.

[0273] For example, the line with a target angle between itself and the extension direction of the reference line can be defined as the vertical axis of the target coordinate system, and the line perpendicular to the vertical axis can be defined as the horizontal axis of the target coordinate system. The positive direction of the vertical axis can be further defined as the target direction. The second entropy value of each pixel in the second pixel region distributed in the target direction can be obtained. During the use of the laryngeal mask, the first pixel region and the reference line obtained by fitting the first pixel region can be rotated as a whole so that the rotated reference line has a target angle with the vertical axis of the target coordinate system, and the first entropy value of each pixel in the rotated first pixel region distributed in the target direction can be determined.

[0274] In some implementations, a line perpendicular to the extension direction of the reference line can be defined as the ordinate axis of the target coordinate system.

[0275] In some implementations, the positions of each pixel in the second pixel region can be fitted based on a target algorithm to obtain a reference line. The target algorithm may include, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: least squares method, weighted least squares method, gradient descent method, regression algorithm, etc.

[0276] In this embodiment, a straight line is fitted to the second pixel region to obtain a control straight line; the target direction is determined based on the extension direction of the control straight line. This minimizes the adverse effects of operational factors, patient anatomical factors, and even uncertainties during the operation, establishing a unified target direction. Based on this target direction, a second entropy value is calculated. With the target direction established, the first entropy value of each pixel in the first pixel region distributed along the target direction is further calculated. This determines a common target direction for both the first and second pixel regions, making the first and second entropy values ​​comparable throughout the overall use of the laryngeal mask airway, thereby improving the accuracy of the laryngeal mask airway in assessing fluid accumulation.

[0277] In some embodiments, the signal processing apparatus may further be used to: determine the direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the reference line as the target direction.

[0278] Here, after determining the extension direction of the reference line, the direction perpendicular to that extension direction can be defined as the target direction. This allows for convenient and quick determination of the corresponding target direction once the extension direction of the reference line is determined.

[0279] In some embodiments, the signal processing apparatus may further be used to: after obtaining a reference straight line and calculating its slope, rotate the first pixel region according to the slope to rotate the reference straight line corresponding to the first pixel region to be parallel to the horizontal direction. This corrects the overall offset of the target identifier in the first image during application and facilitates the calculation of the first entropy value.

[0280] In some embodiments, the target direction includes the positive direction of the vertical axis of the target coordinate system; the origin of the target coordinate system corresponds to the lower left corner of the image output by the image sensor, the horizontal axis of the target coordinate system corresponds to the lower edge of the image output by the image sensor, and the vertical axis corresponds to the left edge of the image output by the image sensor.

[0281] In some embodiments, the signal processing apparatus may also be used to: perform line fitting on the second pixel region to obtain a reference line; rotate the second pixel region and the reference line as a whole to rotate the reference line to be parallel to the horizontal direction (i.e., the direction corresponding to the horizontal axis of the target coordinate system); determine the direction that is perpendicular to the horizontal direction and upward (i.e., the positive direction of the vertical axis of the target coordinate system) as the target direction; further, rotate the first pixel region and the reference line to be parallel to the horizontal direction; determine the first entropy value of the first pixel region distributed in the target direction after rotation, and the second entropy value of the second pixel region distributed in the target direction after rotation.

[0282] This approach minimizes the adverse effects of operational factors, patient anatomy, and even uncertainties during the procedure, establishing a unified target direction. With this target direction defined, the first and second entropy values ​​can be calculated conveniently and quickly, making them comparable throughout the overall use of the laryngeal mask airway. This, in turn, improves the accuracy of the laryngeal mask airway in assessing fluid accumulation.

[0283] For example, refer to Figure 4 In coordinate system 300, the pixel region 31 corresponding to the target identifier represents the target identifier in a state where it is not immersed in liquid, and the pixel region 31 corresponding to the target identifier can be considered as the second pixel region; refer to Figure 5 By fitting a straight line to the pixel region 31 corresponding to the target identifier, a straight line 41 in coordinate system 400 can be obtained; refer to Figure 6 After rotating the pixel region 31 corresponding to the target identifier and the line 41, we can obtain the pixel region 31 corresponding to the target identifier and the line 51 in the coordinate system 500; where the line 41 can correspond to the above-mentioned reference line, the line 51 can correspond to the above-mentioned rotated reference line, the extension direction of the line 51 (the direction parallel to the X-axis) can correspond to the projection direction of the pixel region, and the positive direction of the Y-axis can correspond to the target direction.

[0284] Reference Figure 7In coordinate system 600, the pixel region 61 corresponding to the target identifier represents the target identifier being immersed in liquid. The pixel region 61 corresponding to the target identifier can be the first pixel region. The pixel region 61 corresponding to the target identifier can be obtained by rotating the pixel region corresponding to the target identifier in the first image. The straight line 62 can be obtained by rotating the reference straight line obtained by fitting the pixel region corresponding to the target identifier in the first image before rotation. The straight line 62 can be the aforementioned rotated reference straight line.

[0285] In this way, the first pixel region (i.e., the pixel region 61 corresponding to the target identifier) ​​and the second pixel region (i.e., the pixel region 31 corresponding to the target identifier) ​​can be at the same angle to the target direction (90° in this embodiment), thereby improving the convenience and comparability of calculating the first entropy value and the second entropy value.

[0286] In some embodiments, the signal processing apparatus may further be used to: identify candidate pixel regions representing target identifiers from a first image; add a first identifier value to each pixel in the candidate pixel regions; add a second identifier value different from the first identifier value to each pixel in non-candidate pixel regions of the first image; and determine a first pixel region based on the first identifier value.

[0287] Here, the candidate pixel region can be the pixel region corresponding to the target identifier determined from the first image and used to distinguish it from the background of the first image; after the candidate pixel region is identified, the range of pixels corresponding to the target identifier (i.e., the first pixel region) can be determined more accurately from the first image based on the candidate pixel region.

[0288] In some implementations, candidate pixel regions can be determined based on the shape of the target identifier.

[0289] For example, an initial pixel region consisting of all pixels of a preset target identifier can be determined from the first image based on the color of that target identifier. Further, pixels outside the shape range of the determined initial pixel region can be removed based on the shape of the target identifier, thereby eliminating the influence of pixels with the same color as the target identifier in the region not corresponding to the target identifier in the first image on the calculation of the first entropy value.

[0290] The identifier value can be used to distinguish the pixels corresponding to the target identifier and the pixels corresponding to non-target identifiers in the first image.

[0291] In some implementations, the identifier value may include, but is not limited to, at least one of numerical values, characters, feature values, etc.

[0292] For example, after determining the candidate pixel region, the pixels in the candidate pixel region can be represented by 1, and the pixels in other regions of the first image except the candidate pixel region can be represented by 0, thus obtaining the binarized digital matrix corresponding to the first image, which is convenient for further calculation and / or observation.

[0293] For example, after determining the candidate pixel region, the color of the pixels in the candidate pixel region can be set to black, and the color of the pixels in other regions of the first image except the candidate pixel region can be set to white, further converting the first image into a black and white image, which is convenient for further calculation and / or observation.

[0294] In this embodiment, candidate pixel regions representing target identifiers are identified from a first image; a first identifier value is added to each pixel in the candidate pixel regions; a second identifier value, distinct from the first identifier value, is added to each pixel in non-candidate pixel regions of the first image; and a first pixel region is determined based on the first identifier value. Thus, by binarizing the first image, noise unrelated to the target identifier can be removed, facilitating subsequent calculations and further improving the accuracy of the first entropy value.

[0295] Understandably, the same approach can be taken: a reference pixel region representing the target identifier can be identified from the second image; a first identifier value can be added to each pixel in the reference pixel region; a second identifier value, distinct from the first identifier value, can be added to each pixel in the non-reference pixel region of the second image; and the second pixel region can be determined based on the first identifier value.

[0296] In some implementations, the reference pixel region can be determined based on the color of each pixel in the second image.

[0297] In some embodiments, the signal processing apparatus may further be used to: acquire a third image containing a target identifier, the third image being acquired by an image sensor of the cavity when an operator manually triggers a suction device to suction liquid in the cavity; determine a third entropy value of the distribution of each pixel in the third pixel region representing the target identifier in the target direction; and determine a difference threshold based on the difference between the third entropy value and the second entropy value.

[0298] Here, when the operator manually triggers the suction device to suction the liquid in the cavity, the liquid accumulation in the cavity corresponding to the third image can be determined. The third entropy value determined based on the third image can then characterize the liquid accumulation in the cavity. Therefore, based on the difference between the third entropy value and the second entropy value, the deviation between the entropy value characterizing the liquid accumulation in the cavity and the entropy value indicating no liquid accumulation in the cavity can be determined.

[0299] The process of determining the third entropy value is similar to that of determining the first entropy value. You can refer to formula (1) and formula (2).

[0300] In some implementations, the difference threshold can be updated based on the difference between the third entropy value and the second entropy value if the difference between the third entropy value and the second entropy value is less than the difference between the first entropy value and the second entropy value.

[0301] For example, when the difference threshold is 30%, the operator manually triggers aspiration 3 times, and the difference between the third entropy value and the second entropy value of the third image corresponding to the 3 aspirations is less than 30%, namely 20%, 22% and 24% respectively; the average of the 3 differences can be used as a new difference threshold to determine whether the first entropy value characterizes the fluid accumulation in the hood cavity.

[0302] In some implementations, the manual triggering of the suction device can be performed before or during the use of the laryngeal mask.

[0303] In some implementations, the suction device actively triggered by the operator can be the suction device of the laryngeal mask or a separate suction device; this application does not limit this.

[0304] In this embodiment, the signal processing device can also be used to acquire a third image containing a target identifier. This third image is obtained by an image sensor capturing the cavity when the operator manually triggers the suction device to aspirate liquid from the mask cavity. The device determines the third entropy value of each pixel in the third pixel region representing the target identifier in the third image, distributed along the target direction. Based on the difference between the third entropy value and the second entropy value, a difference threshold is determined. This allows the device to learn from the operator's active actions and update the difference threshold to a scenario adapted to the operator's actions. The adaptability of the difference threshold to the operator and the current scenario further improves the usability of the laryngeal mask.

[0305] In some embodiments, the signal processing device can also be used to: control the suction device to suction the liquid in the cavity through the suction tube when liquid accumulates in the cavity.

[0306] Understandably, if liquid accumulation is detected inside the hood cavity, the liquid can be automatically aspirated through a signal processing device. This allows for timely and rapid aspiration of the liquid even when it is accumulating inside the hood cavity.

[0307] In this embodiment, by utilizing a signal processing device, when fluid accumulates in the mask cavity, the suction device is controlled to suction the liquid from the mask cavity through the suction tube. This significantly saves manpower; for example, if manual suction is used during surgery, the operator needs to continuously monitor and observe the patient. Furthermore, manual suction often fails to promptly identify fluid accumulation in the mask cavity, leading to patient choking or even aspiration. This automatic suction method minimizes the risks of reflux and aspiration during surgery.

[0308] In addition, in some embodiments, the laryngeal mask can also provide a display screen to show the fluid accumulation in the mask cavity in real time. If the laryngeal mask has an automatic suction function, the operator can also intervene to manually suction, thereby reducing the risk of the patient coughing and aspiration.

[0309] Embodiments of this application also provide a liquid detection and aspiration method applied to the laryngeal mask described in the above embodiments. This method can be executed by a signal processing device within the laryngeal mask. (See also...) Figure 8 The liquid detection method includes the following steps S701 to S703:

[0310] Step S701: Acquire the first image of the cavity captured by the image sensor.

[0311] Step S702: Extract the first morphological features of the target identifier from the first image.

[0312] Step S703: Based on the first morphological characteristics, determine whether there is liquid accumulation inside the cavity.

[0313] In this embodiment, a first morphological feature of the target identifier is extracted from a first image acquired by an image sensor of the cavity; and based on the first morphological feature, it is determined whether there is liquid accumulation in the cavity. Thus, in the case of liquid accumulation in the cavity, changes in the shape of the target identifier due to light refraction, changes in the color of the target identifier due to liquid color superposition, and obstruction of the target identifier by the presence of a substantial object within the liquid can cause morphological changes in the observed target identifier. Therefore, by recognizing the first morphological feature of the target identifier, it is possible to identify whether there is liquid accumulation in the cavity, thereby facilitating the issuance of liquid accumulation alerts and / or alarms, or controlling the suction device to promptly suction the liquid from the cavity using a suction tube through a suction channel.

[0314] In some embodiments, the above liquid detection and aspiration method may further include the following step S711:

[0315] Step S711: Obtain the target morphological features of the target identifier.

[0316] The above step S703 may also include the following steps S712 to S713:

[0317] Step S712: If the first morphological feature does not match the target morphological feature, determine the fluid accumulation inside the cavity; or,

[0318] Step S713: If the first morphological feature matches the target morphological feature, determine that there is no liquid accumulation inside the cavity.

[0319] In some embodiments, the above-described liquid detection and aspiration method may further include the following steps S721 to S723:

[0320] Step S721: Obtain a second image containing the target identifier; the second image is obtained by the image sensor when there is no liquid accumulation in the cavity.

[0321] Step S722: Extract the second morphological features of the target identifier from the second image.

[0322] Step S723: Determine the target morphological features based on the second morphological features.

[0323] In some embodiments, step S723 may include step S731:

[0324] Step S731: If the second morphological feature matches the reference morphological feature of the target identifier, the second morphological feature is determined as the target morphological feature; the reference morphological feature is determined based on the shape of the target identifier.

[0325] In some embodiments, the first morphological feature includes a first entropy value, and the above-described liquid detection and aspiration method may further include the following steps S741 to S743:

[0326] Step S741: Identify the first pixel region representing the target identifier from the first image.

[0327] Step S742: Obtain the first entropy value; the first entropy value is calculated by evaluating the entropy value of the distribution of each pixel in the first pixel region;

[0328] Step S743: If the absolute value of the difference between the first entropy value and the second entropy value is greater than the difference threshold, liquid accumulation in the cavity is determined; the second entropy value is calculated by calculating the entropy value of the distribution of each pixel in the second pixel region, the second pixel region is the pixel region in the second image that represents the target identifier, and the second image is obtained by the image sensor when there is no liquid accumulation in the cavity.

[0329] In some embodiments, the first entropy value is calculated by distributing the entropy values ​​of each pixel in the first pixel region in the target direction, and the second entropy value is calculated by distributing the entropy values ​​of each pixel in the second pixel region in the target direction.

[0330] In some embodiments, the target direction is determined based on image parameters output by the image sensor, and / or the target direction is determined based on a second pixel region.

[0331] In some embodiments, the target direction is perpendicular to the horizontal direction of the image output by the image sensor.

[0332] In some embodiments, the target identifier is elongated, and the direction in which the target identifier extends is perpendicular to the target direction.

[0333] In some embodiments, step S742 may include steps S751 to S753:

[0334] Step S751: Perform line fitting on the first pixel region to obtain a reference line.

[0335] Step S752: Based on the target direction, rotate the first pixel region and the reference line as a whole so that the angle between the reference line and the target direction is the same each time.

[0336] Step S753: Determine the entropy value of each pixel in the first pixel region after rotation in the target direction, and obtain the first entropy value.

[0337] In some embodiments, the extended direction of the rotated reference line is perpendicular to the target direction.

[0338] In some embodiments, the target direction includes the positive direction of the vertical axis of the target coordinate system; the origin of the target coordinate system corresponds to the lower left corner of the image output by the image sensor, the horizontal axis of the target coordinate system corresponds to the lower edge of the image output by the image sensor, and the vertical axis corresponds to the left edge of the image output by the image sensor.

[0339] In some embodiments, the above-described liquid detection and aspiration method may further include the following steps S761 to S765:

[0340] Step S761: Perform line fitting on the second pixel region to obtain the reference line.

[0341] Step S762: Rotate the second pixel region and the reference line as a whole to make the reference line parallel to the horizontal direction (i.e., the direction corresponding to the horizontal axis of the target coordinate system).

[0342] Step S763: Determine the direction that is perpendicular to the horizontal direction and upward (i.e., the positive direction of the vertical axis of the target coordinate system) as the target direction.

[0343] Step S764: Rotate the first pixel region and the reference line until they are parallel to the horizontal direction.

[0344] Step S765: Determine the first entropy value of the first pixel region after rotation distributed in the target direction, and the second entropy value of the second pixel region after rotation distributed in the target direction.

[0345] In some embodiments, the above-described liquid detection and aspiration method may further include the following steps S771 to S772:

[0346] Step S771: Perform line fitting on the second pixel region to obtain the reference line.

[0347] Step S772: Determine the target direction based on the extension direction of the reference line.

[0348] In some embodiments, step S772 may include steps S781 to S783:

[0349] Step S781: Determine the line with the target angle between it and the extension direction of the reference line as the vertical axis of the target coordinate system.

[0350] Step S782: Determine the straight line perpendicular to the vertical axis as the horizontal axis of the target coordinate system.

[0351] Step S783: Determine the positive direction of the vertical axis as the target direction.

[0352] In some embodiments, the above-described liquid detection and aspiration method may further include the following step S791:

[0353] Step S791: Obtain the second entropy value of the distribution of each pixel in the second pixel region in the target direction.

[0354] In some embodiments, the above-described liquid detection and aspiration method may further include the following steps S7101 to S7102:

[0355] Step S7101: Rotate the first pixel region and the reference line obtained by fitting the first pixel region as a whole, so that the rotated reference line has a target angle with the vertical axis of the target coordinate system.

[0356] Step S7102: Determine the first entropy value of the distribution of each pixel in the first pixel region in the target direction after rotation.

[0357] In some embodiments, the above liquid detection and aspiration method may include the following step S7111:

[0358] Step S7111: Determine the direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the reference line as the target direction.

[0359] In some embodiments, step S741 may include steps S7121 to S7124:

[0360] Step S7121: Identify candidate pixel regions representing target identifiers from the first image;

[0361] Step S7122: Add a first identifier value to each pixel in the candidate pixel region;

[0362] Step S7123: Add a second identifier value, which is different from the first identifier value, to each pixel in the non-candidate pixel region of the first image;

[0363] Step S7124: Determine the first pixel region based on the first identifier value.

[0364] In some embodiments, the above-described liquid detection and aspiration method may further include the following steps S7131 to S7133:

[0365] Step S7131: Obtain a third image containing the target identifier. The third image is acquired by the image sensor when the operator manually triggers the suction device to suction the liquid in the hood cavity.

[0366] Step S7132: Determine the third entropy value of the distribution of each pixel in the third pixel region representing the target identifier in the target direction in the third image.

[0367] Step S7133: Determine the difference threshold based on the difference between the third entropy value and the second entropy value.

[0368] In some embodiments, the laryngeal mask includes a suction device that can be connected to the proximal end of a suction tube for suctioning liquid from within the mask cavity; a signal processing device is communicatively connected to the suction device.

[0369] In some embodiments, the above liquid detection and aspiration method may further include the following step S7141:

[0370] Step S7141: When liquid accumulates in the hood cavity, control the suction device to suction the liquid in the hood cavity through the suction tube.

[0371] The following will provide a more detailed and specific description of the laryngeal mask body mentioned above, using a specific embodiment as an example.

[0372] Reference Figure 9 The laryngeal mask body 800 includes an airway 100a, an endoscope channel 800a, a viewing channel 100c, and a suction channel 100b. Specifically, the laryngeal mask body 800 includes a tubing 801, a sealing seat 2, a suction tube 3, a light guide 802, and a baffle 803.

[0373] Among them, catheter 801 can correspond to catheter body 1 in the laryngeal mask body 100 mentioned above.

[0374] The sealing seat 2 is located at the distal end of the conduit 801, forming a cavity 2a. The gas guide channel 100a is connected to the cavity 2a. A target mark 2b is provided on the cavity wall of the cavity 2a. The target mark 2b is used for liquid detection. The distal end of the image channel 100c is connected to the optical path of the cavity 2a to acquire images of at least a portion of the target mark through the image channel.

[0375] The light guide 802 is used to provide light for image acquisition.

[0376] The 803 retaining rib is used to retain residue, air bubbles, etc.

[0377] The distal end of the suction tube 3 is connected to the shroud cavity 2a and is used to suction the liquid 2c inside the shroud cavity 2a.

[0378] The video channel 100c can serve as the viewing window of the video tube and the suction port of the suction tube 3.

[0379] Reference Figure 10 ,use Figure 9 The laryngeal mask 900 includes a laryngeal mask body 800, a viewing device 910, a suction device 920, and a signal processing device 930.

[0380] Based on the laryngeal mask 900 described above, embodiments of this application provide a liquid detection and aspiration method, such as... Figure 11 As shown, the process may include the following steps S1001 to S1003:

[0381] Step S1001: Activate the laryngeal mask.

[0382] In some implementations, after the laryngeal mask airway 900 is activated, the laryngeal mask airway body 800 is implanted into the human body, and a second image containing the target identifier and the human glottis and surrounding tissues is acquired through the imaging device 910, and the monitoring function is activated; the second entropy value corresponding to the second image is calculated; the second entropy value is compared with the theoretical entropy value, and if the difference between the second entropy value and the theoretical entropy value is not greater than the difference threshold, it is determined that the laryngeal mask airway 900 has been successfully activated, and step S1002 is continued; otherwise, the activation fails. The theoretical entropy value can correspond to the reference morphological features in the above embodiments.

[0383] Step S1002: Acquire the current image in real time and calculate the entropy deviation. If the entropy deviation is greater than the difference threshold, control the suction device to drain the liquid.

[0384] Here, the current image can correspond to the first image in the above embodiment.

[0385] The entropy deviation can be represented by the absolute value of the difference between the first entropy value and the second entropy value in the above embodiment.

[0386] In practice, the suction device may include a liquid pump.

[0387] Step S1003: When the operator manually starts the aspiration, record the percentage of entropy deviation and update the difference threshold.

[0388] In some implementations, after the laryngeal mask airway 900 is activated, if the operator manually suctions fluid, the percentage deviation between the current entropy value and the initial entropy value (i.e., the second entropy value) of the activated laryngeal mask airway 900 can be recorded. If the percentage deviation is within a difference threshold and the operator manually suctions fluid multiple times, the average percentage of the entropy deviation corresponding to these multiple manual suctions can be calculated, and the difference threshold can be updated based on this average. Here, the current entropy value can correspond to the third entropy value in the above embodiments, and the percentage deviation can correspond to the percentage of the absolute value of the difference between the third entropy value and the second entropy value in the above embodiments.

[0389] In some implementations, the updated difference threshold can be used as the theoretical entropy value for subsequent initiation of detection.

[0390] In this embodiment, by acquiring a first image of the cavity inside the mask through the video channel in real time, it is possible to identify whether the target marker is deformed by the distribution entropy value of the target marker in the first image, further determining whether there is fluid accumulation inside the mask cavity, and controlling the aspiration device to drain the fluid if there is fluid accumulation. This reduces the risk of fluid accumulation inside the mask cavity, improving patient safety and the safety and smoothness of surgical or diagnostic procedures. In implementation, a signal processing device can also provide prompts, alarms, and / or aspiration commands to further control the drainage of fluid from the aspiration device.

[0391] In the description of this application, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiments of this application. In this application, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine different embodiments or examples described in this application, as well as features of different embodiments or examples.

[0392] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A laryngeal mask body, characterized in that, An air-guiding channel is formed inside the laryngeal mask body; The laryngeal mask body includes: The catheter body includes an air delivery chamber; A sealing seat is disposed at the distal end of the conduit body. The sealing seat forms a cover cavity. The air guide cavity is connected to the cover cavity to form at least part of the air guide channel. A target mark is disposed inside the cover cavity. The target mark is used for liquid detection.

2. The laryngeal mask body according to claim 1, characterized in that, A suction channel is formed inside the laryngeal mask body; The laryngeal mask body includes a suction tube with an inner cavity, the inner cavity of which is at least part of the suction channel, and the suction tube is used to suction liquid from the mask cavity.

3. The laryngeal mask body according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The laryngeal mask body is provided with a viewing channel, the far end of which is connected to the optical path of the mask cavity, so as to acquire images of at least a portion of the target identifier through the viewing channel.

4. The laryngeal mask body according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The target identifier is a long strip shape.

5. The laryngeal mask body according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The laryngeal mask body is provided with a viewing channel, and a strip-shaped baffle is provided on the cavity wall of the mask cavity. The strip-shaped baffle is located on the far side of the viewing channel and is spaced from the far end of the viewing channel. The target identifier includes the strip-shaped baffle.

6. The laryngeal mask body according to claim 5, characterized in that, The strip-shaped baffle is at least partially disposed on the side wall of the cover cavity, and the projection of the strip-shaped baffle onto the central surface of the sealing seat is orthogonal to the extending direction of the sealing seat.

7. The laryngeal mask body according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The first color of the target identifier is different from the second color of the cavity wall.

8. The laryngeal mask body according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The first color of the target identifier is also different from the third color of the human throat tissue.

9. A laryngeal mask airway, characterized in that, The laryngeal mask includes: The laryngeal mask body according to any one of claims 1 to 8; A viewing device, wherein the viewing device is equipped with an image sensor; A signal processing device, which is communicatively connected to the image sensor, is used to: acquire a first image of the cavity captured by the image sensor; extract a first morphological feature of the target identifier from the first image; and determine whether there is fluid accumulation in the cavity based on the first morphological feature.

10. The laryngeal mask according to claim 9, characterized in that, The image sensor is wirelessly connected to the signal processing device.

11. The laryngeal mask according to claim 9, characterized in that, The imaging device includes an imaging component with the image sensor disposed at a remote end, and the image sensor of the imaging component is wiredly connected to the signal processing device.

12. The laryngeal mask according to claim 11, characterized in that, The laryngeal mask body is provided with a viewing channel, and the viewing assembly includes a viewing tube with the image sensor disposed at its distal end, and at least a portion of the viewing tube is pluggable into the viewing channel.

13. The laryngeal mask according to claim 11, characterized in that, The laryngeal mask body is provided with a viewing channel, and the viewing assembly includes the image sensor and a viewing module formed by connecting wires. The viewing module is at least partially fixed in the viewing channel.

14. The laryngeal mask airway according to any one of claims 9 to 13, characterized in that, The signal processing device is also used for: Obtain the target morphological features of the target identifier; If the first morphological feature does not match the target morphological feature, fluid accumulation is determined within the cavity; or... If the first morphological feature matches the target morphological feature, it is determined that there is no liquid accumulation inside the cavity.

15. The laryngeal mask according to claim 14, characterized in that, The signal processing device is also used for: A second image containing the target identifier is acquired; the second image is obtained by the image sensor capturing the cavity without liquid accumulation inside the cavity. Extract the second morphological features of the target identifier from the second image; Based on the second morphological feature, the target morphological feature is determined.

16. The laryngeal mask according to claim 15, characterized in that, The signal processing device is also used for: If the second morphological feature matches the reference morphological feature of the target identifier, the second morphological feature is determined as the target morphological feature; The reference morphological features are determined based on the shape of the target identifier.

17. The laryngeal mask airway according to any one of claims 9 to 16, characterized in that, The first morphological feature includes a first entropy value, and the signal processing device is further used for: Identify a first pixel region representing the target identifier from the first image; Obtain the first entropy value; the first entropy value is calculated by evaluating the entropy value of the distribution of each pixel in the first pixel region. If the absolute value of the difference between the first entropy value and the second entropy value is greater than the difference threshold, it is determined that there is liquid accumulation in the cavity. The second entropy value is calculated by calculating the entropy value of the distribution of each pixel in the second pixel region. The second pixel region is the pixel region in the second image that represents the target identifier. The second image is acquired by the image sensor when there is no liquid accumulation in the cavity.

18. The laryngeal mask according to claim 17, characterized in that, The first entropy value is calculated by distributing the entropy values ​​of each pixel in the first pixel region along the target direction, and the second entropy value is calculated by distributing the entropy values ​​of each pixel in the second pixel region along the target direction.

19. The laryngeal mask according to claim 18, characterized in that, The target direction is determined based on the image parameters output by the image sensor, and / or the target direction is determined based on the second pixel region.

20. The laryngeal mask according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that, The signal processing device is also used for: A reference line is obtained by performing a line fitting on the first pixel region; Based on the target direction, the first pixel region and the reference line are rotated as a whole, so that the angle between the reference line and the target direction is the same each time. The entropy value of the distribution of each pixel in the first pixel region after rotation in the target direction is determined to obtain the first entropy value.

21. The laryngeal mask according to claim 20, characterized in that, The extended direction of the rotated reference line is perpendicular to the target direction.

22. The laryngeal mask according to claim 19, characterized in that, The target direction includes the positive direction of the vertical axis of the target coordinate system; the origin of the target coordinate system corresponds to the lower left corner of the image output by the image sensor, the horizontal axis of the target coordinate system corresponds to the lower edge of the image output by the image sensor, and the vertical axis corresponds to the left edge of the image output by the image sensor.

23. The laryngeal mask according to claim 19, characterized in that, The signal processing device is also used for: A line fit is performed on the second pixel region to obtain a reference line; The target direction is determined based on the extension direction of the reference line.

24. The laryngeal mask airway according to any one of claims 17 to 23, characterized in that, The signal processing device is also used for: Identify candidate pixel regions representing the target identifier from the first image; A first identifier value is added to each pixel in the candidate pixel region; Add a second identifier value, distinct from the first identifier value, to each pixel in the non-candidate pixel region of the first image; The first pixel region is determined based on the first identifier value.

25. The laryngeal mask airway according to any one of claims 17 to 24, characterized in that, The signal processing device is also used for: A third image containing the target identifier is acquired, wherein the third image is captured by the image sensor of the cavity when the operator manually triggers the suction device to suction the liquid in the cavity; Determine the third entropy value of the distribution of each pixel in the third pixel region representing the target identifier in the target direction in the third image; The difference threshold is determined based on the difference between the third entropy value and the second entropy value.

26. The laryngeal mask airway according to any one of claims 9 to 25, characterized in that, The laryngeal mask includes a suction device connected to the proximal end of a suction tube for suctioning liquid from the mask cavity. The signal processing device is communicatively connected to the suction device.

27. The laryngeal mask airway according to any one of claims 9 to 26, characterized in that, The signal processing device is also used for: In the event of liquid accumulation in the cavity, the suction device is controlled to suction the liquid from the cavity through the suction tube.

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