A two-dimensional fiber array detector and a method for manufacturing the same

Abstract

The application provides a two-dimensional optical fiber array detector and a preparation method thereof, and can be applied to the technical field of radiotherapy beam monitoring equipment. The detector comprises a first optical fiber array, a second optical fiber array, an inner layer positioning structure, an outer layer supporting structure, an end optical coupling structure and a photoelectric detection unit. The inherent radiation resistance and fast optical response characteristics of the optical fiber can enable long-term stable operation in the high instantaneous flux and high cumulative dose environment of flash radiotherapy; at the same time, the optical fiber array can be flexibly configured with ordinary quartz optical fiber and scintillating quartz optical fiber, and the radiation resistance, light output sensitivity and response speed are considered, and the light transmission characteristics of the optical fiber enable the high-value photoelectric detection unit to be arranged away from the irradiation area, thereby reducing the risk of irradiation damage and improving the engineering maintainability, and providing a compact, cost-controlled and easy-to-maintain beam monitoring device for the debugging, preclinical verification, daily quality assurance and safety interlocking of flash radiotherapy equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of beam monitoring, specifically to the field of radiotherapy beam monitoring equipment technology, and more specifically to a two-dimensional fiber array detector and its fabrication method. Background Technology

[0002] Flash radiotherapy (FLASH) is a novel radiotherapy technique that uses ultra-high dose rate (average dose rate ≥40 Gy / s) radiation beams to irradiate tumors, significantly reducing damage to normal tissues while maintaining tumor-killing effects. Due to its extremely short single-session irradiation time, extremely high instantaneous dose rate, high pulse intensity, and rapid dose release, beam quality assurance and beam status monitoring place higher demands on detectors than in traditional radiotherapy. In scenarios such as equipment debugging, preclinical validation, daily quality assurance, and safety interlocking, detectors must acquire crucial information in real time under ultra-high dose rate conditions, including beam presence, location, spot distribution, relative intensity changes, and pulse time structure.

[0003] Existing beam or dose detection devices are insufficient to meet the above requirements to varying degrees: ionization chamber arrays are prone to problems such as ion recombination, decreased charge collection efficiency, output saturation, and insufficient response under ultra-high dose rates; diode arrays, although with fast response, suffer from performance drift, radiation damage, and difficulties in maintaining channel consistency under high throughput and long-term irradiation, and large-area two-dimensional arrays are expensive; film dosimeters have high spatial resolution but cannot be read in real time, and require development, scanning, or post-processing after each measurement, making them unsuitable for online debugging and safety interlocking; scintillation screen plus high-speed camera systems can obtain two-dimensional images, but rely on complex optical links and high-speed cameras, requiring large installation space and incurring high system costs, and the scintillation screen material is prone to aging under long-term irradiation; plastic scintillation fibers, although having strong light output, suffer from light output attenuation, material aging, temperature sensitivity, and response drift under high cumulative dose environments, making them unsuitable for constructing long-term stable scintillation radiotherapy probes; high-end solid-state detectors such as diamond detectors have good radiation resistance, but are extremely expensive and are mostly used for point dose or reference dose measurements, making it difficult to construct large-area two-dimensional arrays. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, embodiments of this application provide a two-dimensional fiber array detector and a method for fabricating the same.

[0005] According to a first aspect of this application, a two-dimensional fiber array detector is provided, comprising: a first fiber array including a plurality of first fibers arranged linearly along a first direction; a second fiber array including a plurality of second fibers arranged linearly along a second direction, wherein the first direction and the second direction intersect; the first fibers and the second fibers are at least one of ordinary silica fiber and scintillation silica fiber; an end optical coupling structure disposed at the ends of the first fiber array and the second fiber array; and a photoelectric detection unit optically coupled to the first fiber array and the second fiber array through the end optical coupling structure.

[0006] According to an embodiment of this application, the detector further includes an inner positioning structure, which includes a first positioning slot plate, a second positioning slot plate, and a pressure plate; the first positioning slot plate has a plurality of parallel first positioning slots, and the first optical fiber array is embedded in the first positioning slots; the second positioning slot plate has a plurality of parallel second positioning slots, and the second optical fiber array is embedded in the second positioning slots; the first positioning slot plate and the second positioning slot plate are stacked, and the pressure plate is stacked on the side of the second positioning slot plate opposite to the first positioning slot plate, so as to press and limit the first positioning slot plate and the second positioning slot plate together.

[0007] According to an embodiment of this application, the detector further includes an outer support structure, which includes a support base and a positioning frame; the positioning frame is disposed on the support base, and the side wall of the positioning frame is provided with a plurality of through slots for optical fibers to pass through; the inner positioning structure is disposed entirely within the positioning frame, and the first optical fiber array and the second optical fiber array are respectively led out through the through slots.

[0008] According to an embodiment of this application, the first direction and the second direction are orthogonal to each other, and an interlayer isolation sheet is sandwiched between the first positioning groove plate and the second positioning groove plate.

[0009] According to embodiments of this application, the ordinary quartz optical fiber includes at least one of high-purity fused silica optical fiber, quartz core quartz cladding optical fiber, quartz core polymer cladding optical fiber, doped quartz optical fiber, and quartz optical fiber with an anti-radiation coating; the scintillation quartz optical fiber is an optical fiber with quartz, fused silica, or quartz glass as the matrix and including a scintillation luminescence center, or an optical fiber with a luminescence core layer, a quartz cladding, and an anti-radiation coating.

[0010] According to embodiments of this application, the ordinary silica fiber and the scintillation silica fiber adopt at least one of the following mixed configurations: the first fiber array and the second fiber array are respectively an ordinary silica fiber array and a scintillation silica fiber array; the ordinary silica fiber and the scintillation silica fiber are alternately arranged in the same fiber array; the central region of the first fiber array and the second fiber array is configured with ordinary silica fiber, and the other regions are configured with scintillation silica fiber, wherein the central region includes the region within a preset diameter range at the center position.

[0011] According to an embodiment of this application, the end optical coupling structure includes at least one of the following: an optical fiber end face polishing surface, an optical fiber limiting hole, an optical fiber ferrule, an end pressure plate, an elastic clamping member, and a customized coupling seat. The end face of the optical fiber corresponds one-to-one with or in groups with the light incident surface of the photoelectric detection unit.

[0012] According to an embodiment of this application, the photoelectric detection unit includes a silicon photomultiplier tube or a photodiode, and the photoelectric detection unit is disposed outside the direct beam irradiation area or within a shielded area.

[0013] According to an embodiment of this application, the first fiber array, the second fiber array, the inner positioning structure, the outer support structure, and the end optical coupling structure together constitute a replacement probe module, which is positioned and connected to the base via a plug-in interface.

[0014] According to a second aspect of this application, a method for fabricating a two-dimensional fiber array detector is provided, applied to the two-dimensional fiber array detector described in the first aspect. The method includes: fabricating a first optical fiber and a second optical fiber, wherein the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber include at least one of ordinary silica fiber and scintillation silica fiber; arranging the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber to form a first fiber array and a second fiber array respectively, and fixing the first fiber array and the second fiber array in a cross-over stack; fabricating an end optical coupling structure, and disposing the end optical coupling structure at the ends of the first fiber array and the second fiber array, so that a photoelectric detection unit is optically coupled to the first fiber array and the second fiber array through the end optical coupling structure.

[0015] The two-dimensional fiber array detector provided in this application has at least the following advantages compared with related technologies:

[0016] The first fiber array arranged linearly along the first direction and the second fiber array arranged linearly along the second direction are intersected. The optical fibers are ordinary quartz optical fibers and / or scintillation quartz optical fibers. Together with the end optical coupling structure and the photoelectric detection unit, a two-dimensional position-sensitive detection head structure is formed. The ordinary quartz optical fiber generates Cherenkov light under the action of the beam, and the scintillation quartz optical fiber generates scintillation light. The optical signal is transmitted along the optical fiber to the end and input to the photoelectric detection unit through the optical coupling structure, thereby simultaneously obtaining the projection response of the beam in two orthogonal directions. This application utilizes the inherent radiation resistance and rapid optical response characteristics of optical fibers to enable long-term stable operation in the high instantaneous flux and high cumulative dose environment of flash radiotherapy. At the same time, the fiber array can be flexibly configured with ordinary silica fibers and scintillation silica fibers, taking into account radiation resistance, light output sensitivity and response speed. Moreover, the light transmission characteristics of optical fibers allow the high-value photodetector unit to be placed far away from the irradiation area, reducing the risk of radiation damage while improving engineering maintainability. It provides a compact, cost-effective and easy-to-maintain beam monitoring device for the commissioning, preclinical validation, daily quality assurance and safety interlocking of flash radiotherapy equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The above-mentioned contents, other objects, features and advantages of this application will become clearer from the following description of embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a two-dimensional fiber optic array detector according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0019] Figure 2 This schematically illustrates the process of fabricating a two-dimensional fiber array detector according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 ;

[0020] Figure 3 This schematically illustrates the process of fabricating a two-dimensional fiber array detector according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 .

[0021] 1. First fiber optic array; 11. First fiber optic cable; 2. Second fiber optic array; 21. Second fiber optic cable; 3. End optical coupling structure; 4. Photoelectric detection unit; 5. Inner positioning structure; 51. First positioning slot plate; 511. First positioning slot; 52. Second positioning slot plate; 521. Second positioning slot; 53. Pressure plate; 6. Outer support structure; 61. Support base; 62. Positioning frame; 621. Through slot; 7. Interlayer isolation sheet; Detailed Implementation

[0022] The embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are exemplary only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of this application for ease of explanation. However, it will be apparent that one or more embodiments may be implemented without these specific details. Furthermore, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted in the following description to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concepts of this application.

[0023] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of this application. The terms “comprising,” “including,” etc., as used herein indicate the presence of the stated features, steps, operations, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, or components.

[0024] All terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the meanings commonly understood by those skilled in the art, unless otherwise defined. It should be noted that the terms used herein are to be interpreted in a manner consistent with the context of this specification, and not in an idealized or overly rigid way.

[0025] When using expressions such as "at least one of A, B and C", they should generally be interpreted in accordance with the meaning that is commonly understood by those skilled in the art (e.g., "a system having at least one of A, B and C" should include, but is not limited to, a system having A alone, a system having B alone, a system having C alone, a system having A and B, a system having A and C, a system having B and C, and / or a system having A, B and C, etc.).

[0026] Flash radiotherapy (FLASH) is a novel radiotherapy technique that uses ultra-high dose rate (average dose rate ≥40 Gy / s) radiation beams to irradiate tumors, significantly reducing damage to normal tissues while maintaining tumor-killing effects. Due to its extremely short single-session irradiation time, extremely high instantaneous dose rate, high pulse intensity, and rapid dose release, beam quality assurance and beam status monitoring place higher demands on detectors than in traditional radiotherapy. In scenarios such as flash radiotherapy equipment commissioning, preclinical validation, routine quality assurance, and safety interlocking, detectors need to obtain information such as the presence, location, spot distribution, relative intensity changes, and pulse time structure of the beam under ultra-high dose rate conditions. Common beam or dose detection devices mainly include ionization chamber arrays, diode arrays, film dosimeters, scintillation screen and camera systems, diamond detectors, plastic scintillation fiber optic detectors, and imported dedicated real-time monitoring equipment. The above-mentioned existing technologies have the following shortcomings, including:

[0027] Ionization chamber arrays are prone to problems such as ion recombination, decreased charge collection efficiency, output saturation, and insufficient response at ultra-high dose rates, making it difficult to meet the short-time window monitoring requirements of flash radiotherapy beams.

[0028] Although diode arrays have a fast response, they suffer from performance drift, irradiation damage, and difficulties in maintaining channel consistency under high throughput and long-term irradiation. Large-area two-dimensional arrays are also very expensive.

[0029] Film dosimeters have high spatial resolution, but cannot be read in real time, and require development, scanning, or post-processing after each measurement, making them difficult to use for online debugging and safety interlocking.

[0030] A scintillation screen plus high-speed camera system can obtain two-dimensional images, but it relies on complex optical links and high-speed cameras, requires a large installation space, has high system costs, and the scintillation screen material is prone to aging under long-term irradiation.

[0031] Although plastic scintillation fiber has strong light output, it suffers from light output attenuation, material aging, temperature sensitivity, and response drift under high cumulative dose environments, which is not conducive to building a long-term stable scintillation radiotherapy probe.

[0032] High-end solid-state detectors such as diamond detectors have good radiation resistance, but they are extremely expensive and are mostly used for point dose or reference dose measurement, making it difficult to construct large-area two-dimensional arrays.

[0033] Figure 1 The schematic diagram illustrates the structure of a two-dimensional fiber optic array detector according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 This schematically illustrates the process of fabricating a two-dimensional fiber array detector according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 .

[0034] The embodiments of this application provide a two-dimensional fiber optic array detector, which will be described below in conjunction with... Figure 1 and Figure 2 The two-dimensional fiber array detector provided in the embodiments of this application will be described in detail.

[0035] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the two-dimensional fiber array detector of this embodiment includes: a first fiber array 1, a second fiber array 2, an end optical coupling structure 3, and a photoelectric detection unit 4.

[0036] The first direction and the second direction are intersecting. The first fiber array 1 includes a plurality of first fibers 11 arranged linearly along the first direction, with each first fiber 11 arranged at a predetermined center-to-center spacing. The first fiber array 1 is used to generate a channel response related to the projection of the beam in the first direction when the beam passes through it. Correspondingly, the second fiber array 2 includes a plurality of second fibers 21 arranged linearly along the second direction, with each second fiber 21 arranged at a predetermined center-to-center spacing. The second fiber array 2 is used to generate a channel response related to the projection of the beam in the second direction when the beam passes through it.

[0037] Furthermore, the end optical coupling structure 3 is disposed at the ends of the first fiber array 1 and the second fiber array 2. The photoelectric detection unit 4 is optically coupled to the first fiber array 1 and the second fiber array 2 through the end optical coupling structure 3.

[0038] Based on the application of stroboscopic radiotherapy, this application constructs a two-dimensional cross array composed of ordinary quartz fiber and / or scintillation quartz fiber as a sensitive detection structure. It has a clear support and positioning structure, an optical coupling structure extending to the photodetector unit 4 at the end, a light-shielding encapsulation structure, and a detector module for replacing the detector head. It can ensure the consistency of the arrangement spacing, flatness, intersection angle, interlayer distance, end coupling, and photodetector incident light surface alignment of the two types of fiber arrays, while ensuring the convenience of modular replacement.

[0039] Meanwhile, in high-dose-rate and high-cumulative-dose applications of flash radiotherapy, the sensitive optical fiber located in the beam inevitably faces the risk of performance aging. This application constructs a detector structure that only replaces the irradiated fiber array and reuses the readout link, which can significantly reduce maintenance costs.

[0040] Based on this, the two-dimensional fiber array detector of this application embodiment intersects a first fiber array 1 arranged linearly along a first direction and a second fiber array 2 arranged linearly along a second direction. The optical fibers are selected from ordinary quartz fibers and / or scintillation quartz fibers. Combined with an end optical coupling structure 3 and a photoelectric detection unit 4, a two-dimensional position-sensitive detector head structure is formed. Ordinary quartz fibers generate Cherenkov light under the action of the beam, while scintillation quartz fibers generate scintillation light. The optical signal is transmitted along the fiber to the end and input to the photoelectric detection unit 4 via the end optical coupling structure 3, thereby simultaneously obtaining the projection response of the beam in two orthogonal directions. The two can be used individually or in combination to cover different beam intensity and sensitivity requirements. Simultaneously, the inherent radiation resistance and fast optical response characteristics of quartz fibers can be utilized to ensure long-term stable operation in the high instantaneous flux and high cumulative dose environment of FLASH radiotherapy. In addition, the fiber array can be flexibly configured with ordinary quartz fiber and scintillation quartz fiber, taking into account radiation resistance, light output sensitivity and response speed. Moreover, the light transmission characteristics of the fiber allow the high-value photodetector unit 4 to be placed far away from the irradiation area, reducing the risk of radiation damage while improving engineering maintainability. It provides a compact, cost-controllable and easy-to-maintain beam monitoring device for the commissioning, preclinical validation, daily quality assurance and safety interlocking of flash radiotherapy equipment.

[0041] For example, the first direction and the second direction are orthogonal to each other (i.e., the included angle is 90°).

[0042] It should be noted that an interlayer insulating sheet 7, made of insulating, low-scattering and mechanically stable material such as ceramic, is sandwiched between the first positioning groove plate 51 and the second positioning groove plate 52.

[0043] Based on this, the two-dimensional fiber array detector in this embodiment of the application, through orthogonal arrangement, enables the two sets of fiber arrays to obtain independent projection responses of the beam in two mutually perpendicular directions, which facilitates the reconstruction of the two-dimensional position distribution of the beam through two one-dimensional projections, thereby determining the beam spot center, symmetry, and beam position offset; the interlayer isolator 7 can precisely control the interlayer distance between the two array layers, avoid optical crosstalk caused by direct contact between the two fiber layers, and ensure the signal clarity when the beam passes through the two fiber layers in sequence, thereby improving the resolution and accuracy of the two-dimensional position reconstruction, and providing reliable beam position information for flash radiotherapy debugging and quality assurance.

[0044] Please continue reading. Figure 1 In the embodiments of this application, the first optical fiber 11 and the second optical fiber 21 can be at least one of ordinary quartz optical fiber and scintillation quartz optical fiber.

[0045] For example, ordinary silica optical fiber includes at least one of high-purity fused silica optical fiber, silica-core silica-clad optical fiber, silica-core polymer-clad optical fiber, doped silica optical fiber, and silica optical fiber with a radiation-resistant coating, used to generate Cherenkov light under the action of an electron beam, proton beam, X-ray beam, heavy ion beam, or other high-energy radiation beam. Correspondingly, scintillation silica optical fiber is an optical fiber with silica, fused silica, or silica glass as the matrix and including a scintillation luminescence center, or an optical fiber with a silica-based luminescence core layer, a silica cladding, and a radiation-resistant coating, used to generate scintillation light or Cherenkov light under the action of a beam current.

[0046] Understandably, both types of optical fibers are used to transmit optical signals to the fiber end: ordinary silica optical fibers, especially high-purity fused silica optical fibers, silica-core silica-clad optical fibers, or silica optical fibers with radiation-resistant coatings, exhibit good radiation resistance and fast optical response under strong radiation environments. When charged particle beams or high-energy radiation beams pass through ordinary silica optical fibers, Cherenkov light can be generated in the silica medium, and this signal can be transmitted along the fiber axis to the end. Correspondingly, scintillation silica optical fibers introduce scintillation luminescent centers into a silica, fused silica, or silica glass matrix, or use a silica-based luminescent core layer, silica cladding, and radiation-resistant coating to form an optical fiber-type sensitive medium. Compared with plastic scintillation optical fibers, scintillation silica optical fibers combine the radiation resistance of the silica matrix, fast response, the ability to be fabricated in small diameters, and the ability to be arrayed, while providing higher light output than ordinary silica optical fibers, making them suitable for use in flash radiotherapy beam monitoring scenarios requiring high sensitivity or a large dynamic range.

[0047] Based on this, the two-dimensional fiber array detector of this application, with its arrangement of fibers of different materials, can ensure the structural stability and optical transmission performance of the fibers under high cumulative irradiation environments. Thus, ordinary silica fiber utilizes Cherenkov light to provide a fast response, while scintillation silica fiber utilizes scintillation light to provide high light output. Both, based on a silica matrix, possess superior radiation resistance and anti-aging capabilities compared to plastic scintillation fibers, thereby ensuring the reliability and lifespan of the detector head in long-term, repeated irradiation scenarios of flash radiotherapy. Furthermore, the fiber with an anti-radiation coating further enhances its survivability under extreme irradiation environments, enabling the detector to meet the long-term stability requirements for preclinical validation and routine quality assurance in flash radiotherapy.

[0048] Please continue reading. Figure 1 In the embodiments of this application, ordinary silica fiber and scintillation silica fiber adopt at least one of the following mixed configurations: the first fiber array 1 and the second fiber array 2 are respectively an ordinary silica fiber array and a scintillation silica fiber array; ordinary silica fiber and scintillation silica fiber are alternately arranged in the same fiber array; ordinary silica fiber is configured in the central area of ​​the first fiber array 1 and the second fiber array 2, and scintillation silica fiber is configured in other areas.

[0049] For example, the diameter of the quartz optical fiber is preferably from 0.1 mm to 2.0 mm, more preferably from 0.2 mm to 1.0 mm; the center-to-center spacing between adjacent optical fibers is preferably from 0.2 mm to 3.0 mm, more preferably from 0.5 mm to 2.0 mm; the size of the sensitive area of ​​the probe head can be set from 20 mm by 20 mm to 400 mm by 400 mm, or set to other sizes adapted to specific beam outlets and mounting interfaces.

[0050] It should be noted that the central region includes the area within the preset diameter of the center position. For example, the area within 1 cm of the center is marked as the central region, and other areas are marked as the peripheral low dose rate region.

[0051] Based on this, the two-dimensional fiber array detector of this application embodiment, through the above-mentioned partitioned or layered configuration, can achieve synergistic optimization of dynamic range and radiation resistance performance within the same two-dimensional detector head: ordinary silica fiber is configured in the high dose rate region at the beam center to utilize its excellent radiation resistance and fast Cherenkov optical response, avoiding premature aging and saturation of scintillation silica fiber under high flux, while utilizing the characteristic that Cherenkov optical intensity is proportional to beam intensity to achieve a linear response under high dose rate; scintillation silica fiber is configured in the low dose rate region at the periphery of the beam to utilize its high sensitivity and high light output, improving the detection capability in weak signal regions. This hybrid configuration strategy allows the detector's dynamic range and sensitivity to no longer be limited by a single fiber type, and can be customized according to the actual beam distribution characteristics, thereby achieving optimal performance matching across the entire detection area at the lowest cost.

[0052] Please continue reading. Figure 1 In the embodiments of this application, the detector further includes an inner positioning structure 5 and an outer support structure 6. The inner positioning structure 5 includes a first positioning slot plate 51, a second positioning slot plate 52, and a pressure plate 53, while the outer support structure 6 includes a support base 61 and a positioning frame 62.

[0053] It is understandable that the inner positioning structure 5 and the outer support structure 6 are used to fix the positional relationship between the first fiber array 1 and the second fiber array 2, to ensure the arrangement spacing, flatness, interlayer distance and intersection angle of each fiber channel, and to ensure that the probe structure still has a repeatable geometric positional relationship after disassembly and assembly.

[0054] For example, the first positioning slot plate 51 is provided with a plurality of parallel first positioning slots 511, and the first fiber array 1 is embedded in the first positioning slot 511; the second positioning slot plate 52 is provided with a plurality of parallel second positioning slots 521, and the second fiber array 2 is embedded in the second positioning slot 521; the first positioning slot plate 51 and the second positioning slot plate 52 are stacked, and the pressure plate 53 is stacked on the side of the second positioning slot plate 52 away from the first positioning slot plate 51, so as to press and limit the first positioning slot plate 51 and the second positioning slot plate 52.

[0055] Based on this, the two-dimensional fiber array detector of this application embodiment, by setting an inner positioning structure 5, specifically including a first positioning slot plate 51, a second positioning slot plate 52, and a pressure plate 53, uses the first positioning slot 511 and the second positioning slot 521 to embed and limit the two layers of fiber arrays respectively, and the pressure plate 53 presses and fixes the two positioning slot plates together, thereby ensuring the accuracy and consistency of the arrangement spacing, flatness, and interlayer relative position of each fiber channel, so that the fiber array does not misalign or loosen during assembly, transportation, and long-term use. At the same time, the cooperation of the first positioning slot 511, the second positioning slot 521, and the pressure plate 53 allows the detector head to restore its original geometric position relationship after disassembly and assembly, ensuring the deterministic correspondence between multiple channels and the photoelectric detection unit 4, effectively improving the repeatability of engineering assembly and the clarity of channel numbering, ensuring that the detector can operate stably for a long time and be replaced and maintained in high cumulative dose environments, and avoiding signal loss or channel crosstalk problems caused by fiber displacement.

[0056] For example, the positioning frame 62 is disposed on the support base 61, and the side wall of the positioning frame 62 is provided with a plurality of through slots 621 for optical fibers to pass through; the inner positioning structure 5 is disposed entirely within the positioning frame 62, and the first optical fiber array 1 and the second optical fiber array 2 are respectively led out through the through slots 621.

[0057] Based on this, the two-dimensional fiber optic array detector of this application embodiment, by setting an outer support structure 6, including a support base 61 and a positioning frame 62 with a through slot 621, and the inner positioning structure 5 is entirely set within the positioning frame 62, the fiber optic array is neatly led out through the side wall through slot 621. The outer support structure 6 provides overall mechanical protection and limitation for the inner positioning structure 5, preventing relative displacement of the first positioning slot plate 51 and the second positioning slot plate 52 under pressure or vibration. At the same time, the through slot 621 constrains the fiber optic lead-out path, avoiding excessive bending or mutual compression of the fiber at the exit, ensuring the transmission efficiency and long-term reliability of the fiber, while providing a convenient installation interface for overall light-shielding encapsulation and subsequent positioning docking with the external base, so that the detector module has independent mechanical integrity, facilitating installation and maintenance.

[0058] Please continue reading. Figure 1In the embodiments of this application, the end optical coupling structure 3 includes at least one of the following: fiber end face grinding and polishing surface, fiber limiting hole, fiber ferrule, end pressure plate, elastic clamping member and customized coupling seat.

[0059] For example, the end face of the optical fiber corresponds one-to-one or in groups to the light-incident surface of the photoelectric detection unit 4, so as to transmit the optical signal output from the end of the optical fiber to the photoelectric detection unit 4, thereby improving the clarity of the channel number and the consistency of coupling.

[0060] Based on this, the two-dimensional fiber array detector of this application effectively reduces Fresnel reflection loss of the fiber end face through grinding and polishing, improves light output efficiency, and ensures that even weak signals can be effectively detected. The fiber limiting hole, fiber ferrule, end plate and elastic clamping component together ensure the precise alignment and stable fit of each fiber end face with the light-incident surface of the photoelectric detection unit 4, avoiding optical path offset caused by vibration, temperature change or repeated disassembly and assembly, thereby ensuring the consistency and long-term stability of multi-channel coupling.

[0061] Please continue reading. Figure 1 In the embodiments of this application, the photoelectric detection unit 4 includes a silicon photomultiplier (SiPM), a photodiode (PD), or an array thereof, for converting the optical signal output from the end of the quartz optical fiber into an electrical signal.

[0062] Understandably, silicon photomultiplier tubes (SMTs) are preferred readout devices for high sensitivity, high gain, and high time resolution. Photodiodes can be used as alternative readout devices for low cost, high dynamic range, or analog intensity readout. Furthermore, the photodiode is used to receive the optical signal transmitted by the end optical coupling structure 3 and is not directly irradiated by the beam as a dose-sensitive diode placed in the beam.

[0063] It should be noted that the photoelectric detection unit 4 can be located outside the end optical coupling seat, preferably outside the direct beam irradiation area or within the shielded area, and maintains a stable relative position with the fiber end through mechanical positioning references, limiting steps, clamping structures, or pluggable connection structures. For detectors with a large number of channels, multiple silicon photomultiplier tube arrays or photodiode arrays can be spliced ​​or grouped for readout.

[0064] Based on this, the two-dimensional fiber optic array detector of this application places the photodetector unit 4 (silicon photomultiplier tube or photodiode) outside the direct beam irradiation area or within a shielded area. Utilizing the long-distance light transmission characteristics of optical fiber, the high-value, radiation-sensitive photodetector unit 4 and subsequent readout electronics system are kept away from strong irradiation areas, significantly reducing the risk of radiation damage and the probability of performance drift, thereby extending the overall lifespan of the equipment and ensuring the stability of long-term measurements. Simultaneously, silicon photomultiplier tubes can provide high sensitivity and high time resolution suitable for weak signal or pulse time structure measurements, while photodiodes can provide low cost and high dynamic range suitable for ultra-high dose rate analog intensity readout. Both can be flexibly selected or combined as needed, thus balancing system performance and equipment cost.

[0065] Please continue reading. Figure 1 In the embodiments of this application, the first fiber array 1, the second fiber array 2, the inner positioning structure 5, the outer support structure 6, and the end optical coupling structure 3 together constitute a replaceable probe module, which is positioned and connected to the base via a plug-in interface.

[0066] For example, the irradiated portion of a two-dimensional fiber array detector is made into a detachable, replaceable probe head module. This replaceable probe head module includes a first fiber array 1, a second fiber array 2, an inner positioning structure 5, an outer support structure 6, and an end optical coupling structure 3. The probe head module can be connected to the photoelectric detection unit 4 via fiber optic limiting holes, end clamping components, custom coupling seats, positioning pins, or pluggable optical interfaces. The probe head module is located in the beam's active area and bears the main irradiation load. The photoelectric detection unit 4, self-developed front-end electronics (FEE), time-to-digital converter (TDC), and analog-to-digital converter (ADC) readout links can be arranged outside the direct beam irradiation area or within a shielded area. When ordinary silica fiber or scintillation silica fiber requires maintenance due to long-term irradiation, light output attenuation, response drift, or mechanical damage, the probe head module can be disassembled and replaced separately, while the aforementioned back-end equipment can continue to be used. Since the main components being replaced are relatively low-cost parts such as fiber optic arrays and positioning devices, this application can reduce spare parts and maintenance costs in long-term beam monitoring scenarios for flash radiotherapy.

[0067] Furthermore, the electrical signal output by the photoelectric detection unit 4 can be connected to the front-end electronic readout circuit, and the signal arrival time, pulse width, time difference or count information can be recorded by a high-precision time-to-digital converter, or the analog amplitude, integrated charge or relative intensity information output by devices such as photodiodes can be recorded by an analog-to-digital converter, so as to explain the detector readout scheme and the interface required for position reconstruction.

[0068] Furthermore, the first fiber array 1 and the second fiber array 2 can adopt a dual-end optical output structure, so that optical signals can be output from both ends of the same fiber, in order to improve the light collection efficiency, compensate for optical transmission attenuation, expand the dynamic range, and assist in channel correction by the time difference or amplitude difference of the signals at both ends.

[0069] Based on this, the two-dimensional fiber array detector of this application uses a modular design to treat the fiber array and positioning components, which are in the beam irradiation area for a long time, as independent consumable units. When ordinary quartz fiber or scintillation quartz fiber experiences light output attenuation, response drift, or mechanical damage due to high cumulative dose, only the detector head module needs to be replaced at low cost. The readout links, such as the photoelectric detection unit 4, the self-developed front-end electronics, the time-to-digital converter, and the analog-to-digital converter, can continue to be reused without the need for complete scrapping or large-scale disassembly. This significantly reduces the spare parts cost, maintenance cost, and downtime in long-term monitoring scenarios of flash radiotherapy. It solves the problem of the inseparability of the detection medium and the readout electronics system and the high maintenance cost in the prior art, making the fiber array detector head a replaceable module that can be independently disassembled and installed. When replacing, the positioning reference of the detector head module and the coupling reference of the photoelectric detection unit 4 remain unchanged, and the original performance can be restored immediately after the new detector head is installed.

[0070] In the embodiments of this application, the two-dimensional fiber array detector includes a first fiber array 1, a second fiber array 2, an inner positioning structure 5, an outer support structure 6, an end optical coupling structure 3, a photoelectric detection unit 4, and an overall mounting structure.

[0071] In the embodiments of this application, the first fiber array 1 is arranged along the X direction, and the second fiber array 2 is arranged along the Y direction, with the X and Y directions being orthogonal to each other. The two arrays are arranged one after the other along the beam propagation direction, with an interlayer spacer 7 and a supporting frame in between. The beam passes through the first fiber array 1 and the second fiber array 2 in sequence, generating optical signals in the corresponding fiber channels. The projection response of the beam in the X direction is obtained from the first fiber array 1, and the projection response of the beam in the Y direction is obtained from the second fiber array 2.

[0072] In the embodiments of this application, the optical fibers can all be ordinary silica optical fibers to obtain a fast Cherenkov optical response; or they can all be scintillation silica optical fibers to improve light output in weak signal scenarios; or ordinary silica optical fibers can be used in the X-direction array and scintillation silica optical fibers in the Y-direction array, or the two types of optical fibers can be mixed and arranged in the same array in a predetermined proportion. None of the above configurations change the basic structure of the two-dimensional cross-array detector head.

[0073] In the embodiments of this application, a plurality of parallel first positioning slots 511 are provided on the first positioning slot plate 51 to accommodate the first fiber array 1; a plurality of parallel second positioning slots 521 are provided on the second positioning slot plate 52 to accommodate the second fiber array 2. The positioning slots can be rectangular slots or arc slots adapted to the outer diameter of the fiber. After the fiber is placed in the positioning slot, it is limited by the pressure plate 53. The outer limiting frame is used to determine the relative position of the two fiber arrays and to ensure that the two arrays can be repositioned after disassembly and assembly. For the implementation of mixed arrangement of ordinary silica fiber and scintillation silica fiber, different fiber types can be distinguished by positioning slot number, color code, end label or assembly record.

[0074] In the embodiments of this application, the inner positioning structure 5 and the outer support structure 6 are preferably made of insulating, low-scattering, and mechanically stable materials. At the same time, they are made to avoid the effective beam-sensitive region as much as possible, or to employ thin-layer, windowed, and framed structures to reduce additional disturbances to the beam.

[0075] In the embodiments of this application, the readout ends of each optical fiber are ground, polished, and cleaned before being inserted into the end optical coupling structure 3. The end optical coupling structure 3 is provided with limiting holes or positioning grooves corresponding one-to-one with the optical fiber channels, so that the end face of each optical fiber is aligned with the light-incident area of ​​the photoelectric detection unit 4. The end optical coupling structure 3 can adopt a clamping structure, a positioning step, or a plug-in connection structure.

[0076] In the embodiments of this application, the photodetector unit 4 can be a monolithic multi-channel SiPM array, a multi-SiPM array splicing structure, or a PD array. Each optical fiber can correspond to one photodetector channel, or several optical fibers can share an incident light area, or the end of one optical fiber can cover multiple detection pixel or detection unit areas. The specific correspondence is determined based on the optical fiber diameter, channel spacing, SiPM pixel size, PD effective photosensitive area, and dynamic range requirements. For the dual-end readout structure, both ends of the optical fiber are provided with end optical coupling structures 3 and photodetector units 4 to improve light collection efficiency and correct optical fiber transmission attenuation. The dual-end signals can also be used to determine the propagation difference of the optical signal along the optical fiber direction, assisting in channel response uniformity correction.

[0077] In the embodiments of this application, a replaceable probe module is composed of a first fiber array 1, a second fiber array 2, an inner positioning structure 5, an outer support structure 6, and an end optical coupling structure 3. This probe module is installed onto the photoelectric detection readout frame via positioning pins, snap-fit ​​mechanisms, screw clamping structures, or plug-in structures. When the probe requires maintenance after long-term irradiation, the probe module can be disassembled and replaced, while the aforementioned back-end equipment can continue to be used. During replacement, the positioning reference of the probe module and the coupling reference of the photoelectric detection unit 4 remain unchanged. After the new probe is installed, the original correspondence between the fiber end face and the light-incident surface of the photoelectric detection unit 4 can be restored, reducing the workload of readjustment. This structure makes the fiber array in the high-irradiation area a replaceable unit, rather than replacing the entire detector or the entire readout system, making it suitable for flash radiotherapy beam monitoring platforms that require long-term repeated irradiation.

[0078] In the embodiments of this application, the electrical signal output by the photodetector unit 4 enters the self-developed front-end electronics for biasing, transimpedance amplification, shaping, threshold discrimination, channel adaptation, or analog-to-digital conversion processing. Subsequently, a high-precision TDC records the channel signal arrival time, time difference, pulse width, or count information, or an analog-to-digital converter records the analog amplitude, integrated charge, or relative light output information. The aforementioned readout connection is used to support two-dimensional position reconstruction and relative flux analysis, and is not considered a major difference between this application and the detector body structure.

[0079] In the embodiments of this application, the continuity of each fiber optic channel, the stability of the end coupling, the correctness of the correspondence between photoelectric detection channels, and whether the responses of ordinary quartz fiber and scintillation quartz fiber meet design requirements can be checked using lasers, light-emitting diodes, cosmic rays, standard radiation sources, or test beams. The above tests serve as functional checks after the detector leaves the factory or is assembled, and do not alter the detector's main structure.

[0080] In embodiments of this application, the two-dimensional fiber array detector can be installed near the beam outlet of a flash radiotherapy device, at a beam commissioning station, a preclinical validation station, a routine quality assurance station, or in an experimental beam testing platform. After the beam to be tested passes through the detector head, the first fiber array 1 and the second fiber array 2 output channel responses in two directions, respectively. The external readout unit can obtain beam projection distribution, two-dimensional position, and relative intensity information based on the photoelectric detection channel responses.

[0081] In the embodiments of this application, position reconstruction can be based on channel counts, pulse time, pulse width, time difference between ends, amplitude ratio between ends, analog amplitude, integrated charge, or calibrated relative light output. For implementations combining ordinary silica fiber and scintillation silica fiber, response calibration coefficients for the two types of fibers can be established separately, and channel normalization can be performed during reconstruction. The above reconstruction method is used to illustrate the feasibility of the detector readout scheme. The main protection objects of this application are the two-dimensional fiber array detector head body, the optical coupling structure from the end to the photoelectric detection unit 4, the replaceable detector head structure, and its fabrication method.

[0082] Figure 3 This schematically illustrates the process of fabricating a two-dimensional fiber array detector according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 .

[0083] The embodiments of this application provide a method for fabricating a two-dimensional fiber optic array detector, which will be described below in conjunction with... Figure 1 The fabrication method of the two-dimensional fiber array detector provided in the embodiments of this application is described in detail.

[0084] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the fabrication method of the two-dimensional fiber array detector in this embodiment may include steps S110 to S130:

[0085] Step S110: Prepare a first optical fiber 11 and a second optical fiber 21, wherein the first optical fiber 11 and the second optical fiber 21 include at least one of ordinary quartz optical fiber and scintillation quartz optical fiber.

[0086] Step S120: Arrange the first optical fiber 11 and the second optical fiber 21 to form the first optical fiber array 1 and the second optical fiber array 2 respectively, and fix the first optical fiber array 1 and the second optical fiber array 2 in a cross-over stack.

[0087] Step S130: Prepare end optical coupling structure 3 and set end optical coupling structure 3 at the ends of the first fiber array 1 and the second fiber array 2, so that the photoelectric detection unit 4 is optically coupled to the first fiber array 1 and the second fiber array 2 through end optical coupling structure 3.

[0088] In the embodiments of this application, step S110 includes:

[0089] Step S111: Prepare a first optical fiber 11 and a second optical fiber 21 and perform pretreatment. The first optical fiber 11 and the second optical fiber 21 include at least one of ordinary quartz optical fiber and scintillation quartz optical fiber.

[0090] In an embodiment of this application, step S120 includes:

[0091] Step S121: Fabricate the inner positioning structure 5 and the outer support structure 6;

[0092] Step S122: Install the first optical fiber 11 and the second optical fiber 21 into the inner positioning structure 5 and the outer support structure 6 respectively to form the first optical fiber array 1 and the second optical fiber array 2.

[0093] Step S123: Stack and fix the first fiber array 1 and the second fiber array 2 at a predetermined angle to form a two-dimensional fiber array probe head.

[0094] In an embodiment of this application, step S130 includes:

[0095] Step S131: Prepare the optical coupling structure from the end of the optical fiber to the photoelectric detection unit 4;

[0096] Step S132: Set the end optical coupling structure 3 at the end of the first fiber array 1 and the second fiber array 2, complete the light-shielding encapsulation, installation interface assembly, photoelectric detection unit 4 coupling check and channel check, so that the photoelectric detection unit 4 is optically coupled to the first fiber array 1 and the second fiber array 2 through the end optical coupling structure 3, together forming a detachable replacement probe head module.

[0097] In the embodiments of this application, step S111 includes:

[0098] Step S1111: Cut ordinary silica fiber and / or scintillation silica fiber according to the size of the sensitive area of ​​the probe head, the fiber type configuration, and the size of the end coupling structure.

[0099] Step S1112: Grinding, polishing and cleaning the fiber end face;

[0100] Step S1113: Inspect the fiber end face quality, light transmittance, scintillation response or Cherenkov response, and appearance defects.

[0101] Step S1114: Distinguish between ordinary quartz fiber and scintillation quartz fiber according to the channel number, and establish the correspondence between fiber type, array position and photoelectric detection channel.

[0102] In an embodiment of this application, step S121 includes:

[0103] Step S1211: Design the positioning slot plate according to the fiber diameter and the predetermined center spacing;

[0104] Step S1212: Set array positioning reference, interlayer positioning reference, end coupling reference and photoelectric detection unit 4 positioning reference on the inner positioning structure 5 and the outer support structure 6 respectively.

[0105] In an embodiment of this application, step S122 includes:

[0106] Step S1221: Insert the first optical fibers 11 one by one into the first positioning slots 511 and corresponding positioning holes of the first positioning slot plate 51, and arrange them according to a predetermined number.

[0107] Step S1222: The first optical fiber 11 is fixed by means of optical fiber limiting holes, slot structure, pressure plate 53 or low shrinkage fixing points to form the first optical fiber array 1.

[0108] Step S1223: Insert the second optical fibers 21 one by one into the second positioning slots 521 and corresponding positioning holes of the second positioning slot plate 52, and arrange them according to a predetermined number;

[0109] In step S1224, the second optical fiber 21 is fixed by means of optical fiber limiting holes, slot structure, pressure plate 53 or low shrinkage fixing points to form the second optical fiber array 2.

[0110] Step S1225: Check whether the channel spacing, flatness, end flushing and fiber type configuration of the two fiber arrays meet the design specifications.

[0111] In an embodiment of this application, step S123 includes:

[0112] Step S1231: Stack the first fiber array 1 and the second fiber array 2 at a predetermined angle, preferably stacked orthogonally to each other;

[0113] Step S1232: Fix the relative positions of the two fiber arrays by using positioning pins, positioning frames, screws, buckles or pressure plates 53.

[0114] Step S1233: An interlayer isolation sheet structure is sandwiched between the two array layers to control the interlayer distance and reduce optical crosstalk;

[0115] Step S1234: Check the relative angle, interlayer distance, and effective sensitive area overlap of the two fiber arrays.

[0116] In an embodiment of this application, step S131 includes:

[0117] Step S1311: Insert the fiber end into the end coupling seat through the fiber limiting hole;

[0118] Step S1312: Align the fiber end face with the incident light face of the photoelectric detection unit 4;

[0119] Step S1313: A stable optical coupling is formed by a clamping component, a limiting step, or a plug-in connection structure;

[0120] Step S1314: Set up a two-end coupling structure for the dual-end readout channel and establish the corresponding relationship between the two-end photoelectric detection channels.

[0121] In an embodiment of this application, step S132 includes:

[0122] Step S1321: Check the optical transmission status, photoelectric detection channel correspondence, and end coupling stability of all fiber optic channels one by one;

[0123] Step S1322: Check the channel response of the detector using a laser, light-emitting diode, cosmic ray, standard radiation source, or test beam.

[0124] Step S1323: Install the qualified two-dimensional fiber array detector at the beam test position or the flash radiotherapy quality assurance station.

[0125] In the embodiments of this application, the fabrication process debugging of the two-dimensional fiber array detector includes steps S100 to S900:

[0126] Step S100: Select, sort and cut ordinary silica fiber and / or scintillation silica fiber according to the preset sensitive area size and fiber type configuration.

[0127] Step S200: Fabricate the first positioning slot plate 51 and the second positioning slot plate 52, and process positioning slots on the positioning slot plates that match the outer diameter of the optical fiber.

[0128] In step S300, the first optical fiber 11 is horizontally arranged at a preset spacing and then fixed on the first positioning slot plate 51, and straightened to form the first optical fiber array 1; the second optical fiber 21 is horizontally arranged at a preset spacing and then fixed on the second positioning slot plate 52, and straightened to form the second optical fiber array 2.

[0129] In step S400, the first fiber array 1 and the second fiber array 2 are fixed by the pressure plate 53 respectively;

[0130] Step S500: An interlayer spacer is sandwiched between the first fiber array 1 and the second fiber array 2, and the two arrays are orthogonally stacked.

[0131] Step S600: The first fiber array 1 and the second fiber array 2 are orthogonally stacked and fixed by the positioning frame to form a two-dimensional fiber array probe head;

[0132] Step S700: Grind, polish and clean the fiber end face, and apply coupling adhesive or optical adhesive for end coupling.

[0133] Step S800: Insert the end of the optical fiber into the optical coupling seat, and fix it in place after positioning and aligning it with the photoelectric detection unit 4.

[0134] Step S900: Complete the channel numbering, photoelectric detection unit 4 coupling check and optical transmission check, in order to perform electronic connection and debugging, performance testing and calibration and overall function verification.

[0135] Based on this, the fabrication method of the two-dimensional fiber array detector in this application, through a systematic fabrication process, including fiber cutting and end-face processing, positioning slot fabrication, fiber-by-fiber insertion and fixing, orthogonal stacking of two array layers, alignment and installation of end coupling seats, and light-shielding encapsulation, ensures the arrangement accuracy, orthogonal angle, interlayer distance, and end coupling consistency of the fiber array. This results in a detector with good assembly consistency and engineering operability, suitable for mass production and on-site deployment in flash radiotherapy. Furthermore, the fabrication method also includes steps for inspecting each fiber channel using lasers, light-emitting diodes, cosmic rays, standard radiation sources, or test beams to ensure that the optical transmission state, photoelectric detection channel correspondence, and end coupling stability of each channel meet design requirements, thereby guaranteeing the quality and reliability of the detector upon delivery.

[0136] Those skilled in the art will understand that the features described in the various embodiments of this application can be combined and / or combined in various ways, even if such combinations or combinations are not explicitly described in this application. In particular, the features described in the various embodiments of this application can be combined and / or combined in various ways without departing from the spirit and teachings of this application. All such combinations and / or combinations fall within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A two-dimensional fiber optic array detector, characterized in that, include: The first fiber array includes a plurality of first fibers arranged linearly along a first direction; The second fiber array includes a plurality of second fibers arranged linearly along a second direction, wherein the first direction and the second direction are intersected; the first fiber and the second fiber are at least one of ordinary quartz fiber and scintillation quartz fiber. An end optical coupling structure is disposed at the ends of the first fiber array and the second fiber array; The photoelectric detection unit is optically coupled to the first fiber array and the second fiber array through the end optical coupling structure.

2. The two-dimensional fiber optic array detector according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detector further includes an inner positioning structure, which includes a first positioning slot plate, a second positioning slot plate, and a pressure plate. The first positioning slot plate has a plurality of parallel first positioning slots, and the first optical fiber array is embedded in the first positioning slot. The second positioning slot plate has a plurality of parallel second positioning slots, and the second optical fiber array is embedded in the second positioning slot. The first positioning slot plate and the second positioning slot plate are stacked, and the pressure plate is stacked on the side of the second positioning slot plate opposite to the first positioning slot plate to press and limit the first positioning slot plate and the second positioning slot plate.

3. The two-dimensional fiber optic array detector according to claim 2, characterized in that, The detector also includes an outer support structure, which includes a support base and a positioning frame. The positioning frame is disposed on the support base, and the side wall of the positioning frame is provided with several through slots for optical fibers to pass through. The inner positioning structure is disposed entirely within the positioning frame, and the first optical fiber array and the second optical fiber array are respectively led out through the through slots.

4. The two-dimensional fiber optic array detector according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first direction and the second direction are orthogonal to each other, and an interlayer isolation sheet is sandwiched between the first positioning groove plate and the second positioning groove plate.

5. The two-dimensional fiber optic array detector according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ordinary quartz optical fiber includes at least one of high-purity fused silica optical fiber, quartz core quartz cladding optical fiber, quartz core polymer cladding optical fiber, doped quartz optical fiber, and quartz optical fiber with a radiation-resistant coating; the scintillation quartz optical fiber is an optical fiber with quartz, fused silica, or quartz glass as the matrix and including a scintillation luminescence center, or an optical fiber with a luminescence core layer, a quartz cladding, and a radiation-resistant coating.

6. The two-dimensional fiber optic array detector according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ordinary silica fiber and the scintillation silica fiber adopt at least one of the following mixed configurations: the first fiber array and the second fiber array are respectively an ordinary silica fiber array and a scintillation silica fiber array; the ordinary silica fiber and the scintillation silica fiber are arranged alternately in the same fiber array; the central area of ​​the first fiber array and the second fiber array is configured with ordinary silica fiber, and the other areas are configured with scintillation silica fiber, wherein the central area includes the area within a preset diameter range at the center position.

7. The two-dimensional fiber optic array detector according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end optical coupling structure includes at least one of the following: fiber end face grinding and polishing surface, fiber limiting hole, fiber ferrule, end pressure plate, elastic clamping component and customized coupling seat. The end face of the fiber corresponds one-to-one or in groups to the light incident surface of the photoelectric detection unit.

8. The two-dimensional fiber optic array detector according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photoelectric detection unit includes a silicon photomultiplier tube or a photodiode, and the photoelectric detection unit is located outside the direct beam irradiation area or within the shielded area.

9. The two-dimensional fiber optic array detector according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first fiber array, the second fiber array, the inner positioning structure, the outer support structure, and the end optical coupling structure together constitute a replacement probe module, which is positioned and connected to the base via a plug-in interface.

10. A method for fabricating a two-dimensional fiber optic array detector, applied to the two-dimensional fiber optic array detector according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The method includes: Fabricating a first optical fiber and a second optical fiber, wherein the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber comprise at least one of ordinary quartz optical fiber and scintillation quartz optical fiber; The first optical fiber and the second optical fiber are arranged to form a first optical fiber array and a second optical fiber array, and the first optical fiber array and the second optical fiber array are cross-stacked and fixed. An end optical coupling structure is prepared and disposed at the ends of the first fiber array and the second fiber array, so that the photoelectric detection unit is optically coupled to the first fiber array and the second fiber array through the end optical coupling structure.

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