Substation explosion fire protection wall and construction method thereof

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of power facility safety protection, in particular to a transformer substation explosion and fire protection wall and a construction method thereof. The transformer substation explosion and fire protection wall comprises a main wall body, a pressure relief hole is formed in the main wall body, a pressure relief assembly, the pressure relief assembly comprises a pressure relief plate and a supporting unit, a heat insulation assembly, the heat insulation assembly comprises a trigger unit one and a fireproof heat insulation unit, a fire extinguishing and cooling assembly, the fire extinguishing and cooling assembly comprises a fire extinguishing medium storage unit, a trigger unit two and a spraying unit, the trigger unit two is arranged in linkage with the pressure relief assembly, when the pressure relief plate moves beyond a preset trigger displacement, the trigger unit two controls the fire extinguishing medium storage unit to release the fire extinguishing medium to the explosion-approaching side of the main wall body through the spraying unit. The displacement linkage of the pressure relief assembly triggers the heat insulation assembly and the fire extinguishing and cooling assembly, the flame is blocked and the fire extinguishing medium is released at the same time of explosion shock relief, and multiple collaborative protection integrating pressure relief, heat insulation and fire extinguishing is formed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power facility safety protection technology, specifically to a substation explosion and fire protection wall and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] As a critical node in the power system, the operational safety of substations directly impacts the stable operation of the power grid. With the continuous increase in power equipment capacity, high-energy equipment such as transformers and circuit breakers within substations are highly susceptible to explosions and fires when they malfunction. The shockwaves and debris generated by explosions not only cause devastating damage to the equipment itself but can also affect surrounding facilities and even pose a serious threat to personnel safety. Therefore, how to establish effective protective structures within substations has become a crucial issue that urgently needs to be addressed in the field of power safety.

[0003] Common substation protection measures mainly include the installation of firewalls, explosion-proof walls, or pressure relief walls. Pressure relief walls (such as the prefabricated substation explosion-proof pressure relief wall and prefabricated substation described in publication number "CN117403798A") release some of the impact pressure during an explosion by installing pressure relief ports or plates on the wall, thereby reducing the peak load on the wall and preventing overall collapse. However, existing pressure relief walls are relatively simple in function, typically only providing pressure relief and lacking comprehensive capabilities to cope with the high-temperature fires that may follow an explosion. Especially in scenarios such as transformer oil combustion, the flame temperature is high and spreads rapidly; relying solely on the wall itself is insufficient to effectively block the spread of fire, nor can it promptly suppress the fire source on the blast-facing side. Furthermore, existing structures often fail to quickly close the pressure relief openings after the pressure relief components activate, allowing the high-temperature flames to spread backward through the pressure relief ports, weakening the overall protective effect of the wall. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a substation explosion and fire protection wall and its construction method to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: On the one hand, a substation explosion and fire protection wall is provided, including: The main wall has pressure relief holes. A pressure relief assembly is disposed at the pressure relief hole. The pressure relief assembly includes a pressure relief plate and a support unit. The pressure relief plate is used to buffer the pressure on the main wall, and the support unit is used to support the pressure relief plate. A heat insulation component, comprising a triggering unit and a fireproof heat insulation unit. When the pressure relief plate moves beyond a preset triggering displacement, the triggering unit will trigger the opening of the fireproof heat insulation unit, which is used to block high-temperature flames. The fire extinguishing and cooling component includes a fire-fighting medium storage unit, a second triggering unit, and a spraying unit. The triggering unit is linked to the pressure relief component. When the pressure relief plate moves beyond a preset triggering displacement, the second triggering unit controls the fire-fighting medium storage unit to release the fire-fighting medium to the explosion-facing side of the main wall through the spraying unit.

[0006] Preferably, the main wall and the pressure relief plate enclose an equipment cavity, and both the trigger unit one and the trigger unit two are disposed in the equipment cavity.

[0007] Preferably, the support unit includes a support spring and an energy-absorbing rod. The energy-absorbing rod is disposed on one side of the pressure relief plate, and its two ends are respectively connected to the main wall and the pressure relief plate. The support spring is sleeved on the outside of the energy-absorbing rod, and the energy-absorbing rod is provided with a fracture groove.

[0008] Preferably, the triggering unit includes a trigger rod, a telescopic rod, a base plate, a trapezoidal block, a limiting seat, a roller, a transmission rod, and a compression spring. The trigger rod is connected to the pressure relief plate, the telescopic rod is connected to the base plate, the base plate is connected to the main wall, the trapezoidal blocks are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the base plate, the limiting seats are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the base plate, the roller is connected to the trapezoidal block and is fitted against the base plate, the transmission rod is connected to the trapezoidal block and is movably inserted into the limiting seat, and the two ends of the compression spring are respectively connected to the limiting seat and the trapezoidal block. When the energy-absorbing rod is not broken, the compression spring is used to drive one end of the trapezoidal block to abut against the telescopic rod. The diameter of the telescopic rod is larger than the diameter of the trigger rod.

[0009] Preferably, the fireproof and heat-insulating unit includes a storage roller, a fireproof roller shutter, guide columns, guide rails, and a limiting rod. The fireproof roller shutter has a foldable structure. The storage roller is located at the top of the blast-facing surface. The two sides of the movable end of the fireproof roller shutter are connected to the guide rails through the guide columns, and the remaining part is wound around the storage roller. Guide rails are provided on both sides of the blast-facing surface. The guide columns are movably connected to the guide rails. The limiting rod is provided inside the guide rails. The limiting rod and the transmission rod are connected to each other. The limiting rod is used to restrict the movement of the guide columns in the guide rails.

[0010] Preferably, the fire-fighting medium storage unit includes a storage tank for storing fire-fighting medium. The storage tank is located on the unexposed side of the main wall and is used to provide fire-fighting medium to the spraying unit.

[0011] Preferably, the spraying unit includes a pressure relief valve and nozzles. The pressure relief valve is connected to the storage tank, and the pressure relief valve is connected to a plurality of nozzles through a pipe. The nozzles are evenly spaced on the blast-facing side of the main wall.

[0012] Preferably, the trigger unit two includes a pressing block and a pressure sensor. The pressing block is connected to the telescopic rod, and the pressure sensor is disposed on the base plate. When the trigger rod pushes the telescopic rod to move, the pressing block will press the pressure sensor. When the pressure sensor is pressed, the pressure relief valve will open.

[0013] On the other hand, a construction method is provided for using the aforementioned substation explosion and fire protection wall, comprising the following steps: A. Formwork is erected and high-strength concrete is poured to form the main wall, and pressure relief holes are reserved. Bolts are pre-embedded around the pressure relief holes and at the installation positions of the support units. B. Install the support unit using pre-embedded bolts, then install the pressure relief plate, adjust the initial preload, and ensure that the pressure relief plate moves flexibly and reaches the preset trigger displacement. C. Lay fireproof and heat-insulating material on the explosion-proof surface of the main wall and the inside of the pressure relief plate. Install trigger unit one and trigger unit two to link them with the pressure relief plate. When the pressure relief plate moves beyond its limit, the fireproof and heat-insulating unit and the spraying unit will be automatically activated. D. Simulate the excessive displacement of the pressure relief plate to verify whether the heat insulation component and the fire extinguishing and cooling component are reliably triggered in sequence. After successful commissioning, the device is put into use.

[0014] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Through the coordinated operation of the main wall, pressure relief components, heat insulation components, and fire extinguishing and cooling components, the triggering unit one of the heat insulation components and the triggering unit two of the fire extinguishing and cooling components are both linked to the pressure relief components. When the pressure relief plate moves beyond the preset trigger displacement, both protective functions are activated simultaneously. Therefore, in the event of an explosion, not only can the impact pressure be released through the pressure relief hole, but the fireproof and heat insulation unit can also be triggered simultaneously to form a flame barrier, and the fire extinguishing and cooling components can be activated to release fire-fighting media to the blast-facing surface. This effectively solves the problem that existing protective walls have a single function and are unable to cope with the coupled disasters of explosion and fire. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the main wall structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the main wall of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the storage tank, pressure relief valve, and nozzle of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the position and structure of the transmission rod, limiting rod, and guide post of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the fireproof roller shutter, guide column, and guide rail of the present invention (the guide rail on one side is hidden). Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the position and structure of the pressure relief plate, support spring, and energy-absorbing rod of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the positions of the supporting spring, energy-absorbing rod, and fracture groove in this invention. Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram showing the position and structure of the substrate and transmission rod of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the trigger unit one of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the trigger rod and the telescopic rod of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the telescopic rod and the pressing block of the present invention.

[0016] In the diagram: 1 Main wall, 2 Pressure relief hole, 3 Pressure relief plate, 4 Support spring, 5 Energy absorption rod, 6 Fracture groove, 7 Trigger rod, 8 Telescopic rod, 9 Base plate, 10 Trapezoidal block, 11 Limiting seat, 12 Roller, 13 Transmission rod, 14 Compression spring, 15 Receiving roller, 16 Fireproof roller shutter, 17 Guide column, 18 Guide rail, 19 Limiting rod, 20 Storage tank, 21 Pressure relief valve, 22 Nozzle, 23 Equipment cavity, 24 Pressing block, 25 Pressure sensor, 801 Fixed end, 802 Movable end. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Please see Figure 1-13 The present invention provides a technical solution: A substation explosion and fire protection wall, as shown in the instruction manual. Figure 1As shown, the system includes a main wall 1 with a pressure relief hole 2. A pressure relief assembly is located at the pressure relief hole 2 and includes a pressure relief plate 3 and a support unit. The pressure relief plate 3 is used to buffer the pressure on the main wall 1, and the support unit is used to support the pressure relief plate 3. The main wall 1 and the pressure relief plate 3 together form an equipment cavity 23, which is used to accommodate components such as trigger unit one and trigger unit two, preventing them from being falsely triggered by external environmental factors.

[0019] The support unit includes a support spring 4 and an energy-absorbing rod 5. The energy-absorbing rod 5 is located on one side of the pressure relief plate 3, with its two ends connected to the main wall 1 and the pressure relief plate 3, respectively. The support spring 4 is sleeved on the outside of the energy-absorbing rod 5 to provide elastic support force, so that the pressure relief plate 3 remains closed under normal conditions. When an explosion occurs, the support spring 4 can also absorb some energy. The energy-absorbing rod 5 is provided with a fracture groove 6. When the explosion shock wave acts on the pressure relief plate 3, the energy-absorbing rod 5 breaks along the fracture groove 6, and the pressure relief plate 3 moves in the impact direction, thereby opening the pressure relief hole 2 to release pressure.

[0020] The heat insulation assembly includes a trigger unit and a fireproof heat insulation unit. When the pressure relief plate 3 moves beyond the preset trigger displacement, the trigger unit will activate the fireproof heat insulation unit, which is used to block high-temperature flames. The trigger unit includes a trigger rod 7, a telescopic rod 8, a base plate 9, a trapezoidal block 10, a limit seat 11, a roller 12, a transmission rod 13, and a compression spring 14. The trigger rod 7 is connected to the pressure relief plate 3 and moves with it. The trigger rod 7 is connected to the telescopic rod 8, which is in an extended state when not pressed by the trigger rod 7. The base plate 9 is connected to the main wall 1. Trapezoidal blocks 10 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the base plate 9. Limit seats 11 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the base plate 9. Rollers 12 are connected to the trapezoidal blocks 10 and are fitted to the base plate 9. A transmission rod 13 is connected to the trapezoidal blocks 10 and is movably inserted into the limit seats 11. The two ends of the compression spring 14 are respectively connected to the limit seats 11 and the trapezoidal blocks 10. When the energy-absorbing rod 5 is not broken, the compression spring 14 is used to drive one end of the trapezoidal block 10 to abut against the telescopic rod 8. At this time, the limit rod 19 locks the guide post 17.

[0021] The telescopic rod 8 includes a fixed end 801 and a movable end 802. The fixed end 801 is fixedly connected to the base plate 9, and the movable end 802 is fixedly connected to the trigger rod 7. When the telescopic rod 8 is pressed by the trigger rod 7, the fixed end 801 will retract into the movable end 802. The diameter of the telescopic rod 8 is larger than the diameter of the trigger rod 7. When the trigger rod 7 pushes the telescopic rod 8, the trapezoidal block 10 is squeezed by the compression spring 14 and presses against the trigger rod 7 (at this time, the trapezoidal block 10 will restrict the movement of the telescopic rod 8). When the trapezoidal block 10 moves, it will drive the transmission rod 13 to move, thereby releasing the locking of the limit rod 19 to the guide post 17.

[0022] The fireproof and heat-insulating unit includes a storage roller 15, a fireproof roller shutter 16, guide posts 17, guide rails 18, and a limiting rod 19. The storage roller 15 is located at the top of the blast-facing side. The fireproof roller shutter 16 has a foldable structure. The movable ends of the fireproof roller shutter 16 are connected to the guide rails 18 via guide posts 17, and the remaining part is wound around the storage roller 15. The connection between the fireproof roller shutter 16 and the storage roller 15 is fixed to each other by welding. Guide rails 18 are provided on both sides of the blast-facing side of the main wall 1, and guide posts 17 are movably connected to the guide rails. 18. A limit rod 19 is provided inside the guide rail 18. The limit rod 19 and the transmission rod 13 are connected to each other. The limit rod 19 is used to limit the movement of the guide column 17 in the guide rail 18. When the energy-absorbing rod 5 breaks and the pressure relief plate 3 moves, the trigger rod 7 pushes the telescopic rod 8. The trapezoidal block 10 moves under the action of the compression spring 14. Through the transmission rod 13, the limit rod 19 is pulled out from the guide rail 18. The guide column 17 loses its limit. The fireproof roller shutter 16 falls along the guide rail 18 under the action of gravity, covering the explosion-proof surface and forming a fireproof isolation layer.

[0023] The fire extinguishing and cooling assembly includes a fire-fighting medium storage unit, a second triggering unit, and a spraying unit. The triggering unit is linked to the pressure relief assembly. When the pressure relief plate 3 moves beyond the preset triggering displacement, the second triggering unit controls the fire-fighting medium storage unit to release the fire-fighting medium to the explosion-facing side of the main wall 1 through the spraying unit. The fire-fighting medium storage unit includes a storage tank 20, which is used to store the fire-fighting medium. The fire-fighting medium needs to be selected reasonably according to the actual situation of the substation. In this embodiment, the fire-fighting medium is a BC type dry powder extinguishing agent. The storage tank 20 is located on the unexposed side of the main wall 1 to avoid direct damage to the storage tank 20 by the explosion shock wave. The storage tank 20 is used to provide the fire-fighting medium to the spraying unit.

[0024] The spraying unit includes a pressure relief valve 21 and nozzles 22. The pressure relief valve 21 is connected to the storage tank 20 through a pipe. Several nozzles 22 are connected to the pressure relief valve 21 through a pipe. The nozzles 22 are evenly spaced on the top of the blast-facing surface of the main wall 1 (not blocked by the fireproof roller shutter 16). The spraying direction of the nozzles 22 is towards the front and surrounding area of ​​the blast-facing surface of the main wall to achieve uniform coverage of the blast-facing surface and rapid cooling and fire extinguishing.

[0025] Triggering unit 2 includes a pressing block 24 and a pressure sensor 25. The pressing block 24 is connected to the movable end 802 of the telescopic rod 8, and the pressure sensor 25 is set on the base plate 9. When the trigger rod 7 pushes the telescopic rod 8 to move, the pressing block 24 will press the pressure sensor 25. When the pressure sensor 25 is pressed, the pressure relief valve 21 will open, and the fire-fighting medium in the storage tank 20 will be released to the explosion-facing surface through the nozzle 22 to achieve automatic fire extinguishing and cooling.

[0026] Working principle: Under normal operating conditions, the pressure relief plate 3 remains closed under the elastic support force of the support spring 4, the energy absorption rod 5 is not broken, the trapezoidal block 10 abuts against the telescopic rod 8 under the action of the compression spring 14, the limit rod 19 remains locked to the guide column 17, the fireproof roller shutter 16 is rolled up on the collecting roller 15 and stored on the top of the explosion-facing surface, the pressure relief valve 21 is closed, and the extinguishing medium is not released. When the substation explodes, the blast shock wave acts on the blast-facing surface of the main wall 1. After being subjected to pressure, the pressure relief plate 3 moves outward against the elastic force of the support spring 4. As the pressure relief plate 3 moves, the energy-absorbing rod 5 breaks along the fracture groove 6 on it, and the pressure relief hole 2 opens to relieve pressure and reduce the damage of the blast shock wave to the structure of the main wall 1. As the pressure relief plate 3 moves, the trigger rod 7 connected to it moves accordingly, pushing the telescopic rod 8 to move along the base plate 9. During the movement of the telescopic rod 8, the trapezoidal block 10 moves along the base plate 9 under the action of the compression spring 14 and maintains stable movement through the roller 12. The movement of the trapezoidal block 10 drives the transmission rod 13 to move. The movement of the trapezoidal block 10 drives the transmission rod 13 to move. The transmission rod 13 drives the limit rod 19 to be pulled out from the guide rail 18, thereby releasing the lock on the guide post 17. After the guide columns 17 on both sides of the collecting roller 15 lose their limit, the fireproof roller shutter 16 falls along the guide rail 18 under the action of gravity, quickly covering the explosion-facing surface of the main wall 1, forming a fireproof isolation layer, blocking the direct baking of the high-temperature flames on the main wall 1 and the substation equipment. Meanwhile, during the movement of the telescopic rod 8, the pressing block 24 connected to it moves. The pressing block 24 presses the pressure sensor 25 set on the base plate 9. After the pressure sensor 25 is pressed, it sends an opening signal to the pressure relief valve 21 through an electrical signal. The pressure relief valve 21 opens, and the BC type dry powder extinguishing agent stored in the storage tank 20 is transported to the nozzle 22 through the pipeline. The nozzle 22 sprays the extinguishing agent evenly to the front of the explosion face of the main wall 1 and the surrounding area, realizing automatic fire extinguishing and cooling, further controlling the spread of fire, and protecting the safety of substation equipment.

[0027] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A protective wall against explosions and fires in a substation, characterized in that, include: The main wall has pressure relief holes. A pressure relief assembly is disposed at the pressure relief hole. The pressure relief assembly includes a pressure relief plate and a support unit. The pressure relief plate is used to buffer the pressure on the main wall, and the support unit is used to support the pressure relief plate. A heat insulation component, comprising a triggering unit and a fireproof heat insulation unit. When the pressure relief plate moves beyond a preset triggering displacement, the triggering unit will trigger the opening of the fireproof heat insulation unit, which is used to block high-temperature flames. The fire extinguishing and cooling component includes a fire-fighting medium storage unit, a second triggering unit, and a spraying unit. The triggering unit is linked to the pressure relief component. When the pressure relief plate moves beyond a preset triggering displacement, the second triggering unit controls the fire-fighting medium storage unit to release the fire-fighting medium to the explosion-facing side of the main wall through the spraying unit.

2. The substation explosion fire protection wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main wall and the pressure relief plate enclose an equipment cavity, and both the trigger unit one and the trigger unit two are disposed in the equipment cavity.

3. The substation explosion fire protection wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support unit includes a support spring and an energy-absorbing rod. The energy-absorbing rod is disposed on one side of the pressure relief plate. The two ends of the energy-absorbing rod are respectively connected to the main wall and the pressure relief plate. The support spring is sleeved on the outside of the energy-absorbing rod. The energy-absorbing rod is provided with a fracture groove.

4. A substation explosion fire protection wall according to claim 3, characterized in that: The triggering unit includes a trigger rod, a telescopic rod, a base plate, a trapezoidal block, a limiting seat, a roller, a transmission rod, and a compression spring. The trigger rod is connected to the pressure relief plate, the telescopic rod, and the base plate. The base plate is connected to the main wall. The trapezoidal blocks are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the base plate, and limiting seats are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the base plate. The roller is connected to the trapezoidal block and is fitted against the base plate. The transmission rod is connected to the trapezoidal block and is movably inserted into the limiting seat. The compression spring is connected at both ends to the limiting seat and the trapezoidal block, respectively. When the energy-absorbing rod is not broken, the compression spring is used to drive one end of the trapezoidal block to abut against the telescopic rod. The diameter of the telescopic rod is larger than the diameter of the trigger rod.

5. A substation explosion fire protection wall according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fireproof and heat-insulating unit includes a storage roller, a fireproof roller shutter, guide columns, guide rails, and a limiting rod. The fireproof roller shutter has a foldable structure. The storage roller is located at the top of the blast-facing surface. The two sides of the movable end of the fireproof roller shutter are connected to the guide rails through the guide columns, and the remaining part is wound around the storage roller. Guide rails are provided on both sides of the blast-facing surface. The guide columns are movably connected to the guide rails. The limiting rod is provided inside the guide rails. The limiting rod and the transmission rod are connected to each other. The limiting rod is used to restrict the movement of the guide columns in the guide rails.

6. A substation explosion fire protection wall according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fire-fighting medium storage unit includes a storage tank for storing fire-fighting medium. The storage tank is located on the unexposed side of the main wall and is used to provide fire-fighting medium to the spraying unit.

7. A substation explosion fire protection wall according to claim 6, characterized in that: The injection unit includes a pressure relief valve and nozzles. The pressure relief valve is connected to the storage tank, and the pressure relief valve is connected to a number of nozzles through pipes. The nozzles are evenly spaced on the blast-facing side of the main wall.

8. A substation explosion fire protection wall according to claim 7, characterized in that: The trigger unit 2 includes a pressing block and a pressure sensor. The pressing block is connected to the telescopic rod, and the pressure sensor is disposed on the base plate. When the trigger rod pushes the telescopic rod to move, the pressing block will press the pressure sensor. When the pressure sensor is pressed, the pressure relief valve will open.

9. A construction method for using the substation explosion and fire protection wall as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: A. Formwork is erected and high-strength concrete is poured to form the main wall, and pressure relief holes are reserved. Bolts are pre-embedded around the pressure relief holes and at the installation positions of the support units. B. Install the support unit using pre-embedded bolts, then install the pressure relief plate, adjust the initial preload, and ensure that the pressure relief plate moves flexibly and reaches the preset trigger displacement. C. Lay fireproof and heat-insulating material on the explosion-proof surface of the main wall and the inside of the pressure relief plate. Install trigger unit one and trigger unit two to link them with the pressure relief plate. When the pressure relief plate moves beyond its limit, the fireproof and heat-insulating unit and the spraying unit will be automatically activated. D. Simulate the excessive displacement of the pressure relief plate to verify whether the heat insulation component and the fire extinguishing and cooling component are reliably triggered in sequence. After successful commissioning, the device is put into use.

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