A power battery passive fire prevention and control and inerting active protection system and device

Abstract

The application discloses a power battery passive fire prevention and control and inert gas active protection system and device, which comprises a fire suppression device and an inert gas protection device, and the fire suppression device and the inert gas protection device are communicated with a main pipe; the main pipe is communicated with branch pipes; one of the branch pipes is communicated with one battery box through a fusion-type nozzle; when the fire suppression device is started, the pressure of the main pipe is greater than that of the inert gas protection device; the fusion-type nozzle has a first channel and a second channel; when the inert gas protection device is started, the inert gas enters the battery box through the first channel, and the second channel is closed; when the fire suppression device is started, the second channel is opened, and the fire extinguishing agent enters the battery box through the second channel. Different devices of the application have different pressures of the fusion-type nozzle when started, so that the state of the nozzle is adjusted according to different media, the nozzle is adapted to high-pressure and low-pressure states, and the service life of the nozzle is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fire extinguishing equipment for energy storage batteries, and in particular to a passive fire prevention and control system and device for power batteries and an active protection system for inertization. Background Technology

[0002] When a power battery pack experiences thermal runaway, a fire suppression device is typically activated. This device can be an existing pump-type perfluorohexanone fire suppression device, a pressurized perfluorohexanone fire suppression device, or a piston-generated perfluorohexanone fire suppression device. Furthermore, there are existing technologies that protect the battery pack using nitrogen gas even when no fire has occurred.

[0003] A search revealed that Chinese patent CN222018822U, entitled "An Integrated Fire Suppression Device for an Electric Bus," discloses a method of providing multiple protections for the battery box by setting up a nitrogen protection device and a fire suppression device. The shortcomings of this patent are: firstly, the nozzle assembly does not have different channels designed according to the internal substances; secondly, the patent requires valves to be installed on individual pipelines of the nitrogen protection device and the fire suppression device to allow them to operate alternately. Chinese patent CN120695389B, entitled "A Fire Prevention Device for a Power Battery and Its Usage Method," discloses a technology that, in the absence of fire, can deliver flame-suppressing gas into the power battery box to reduce the oxygen concentration required for combustion, thereby reducing the probability of a fire in the power battery box and providing active fire prevention. Simultaneously, in the event of a fire, it can promptly introduce extinguishing agents for fire suppression, combining passive and active methods to improve the fire prevention effect of the power battery box. The above technology cannot detect whether there is a fire extinguishing agent leak without opening the casing. If a fire occurs due to a fire extinguishing agent leak and the leak is not known, it is extremely dangerous. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the technical problems existing in the background art, the present invention proposes a passive fire prevention and control system and device for power batteries and an active protection system for inerting.

[0005] This invention proposes a passive fire prevention and active inerting protection system for power batteries, comprising a fire suppression device and an inert gas protection device. The inert gas protection device can be a nitrogen protection device in the prior art, and the fire suppression device can be a pump-type perfluorohexanone fire suppression device, a pressure-storage type perfluorohexanone fire suppression device, or a piston-generating type perfluorohexanone fire suppression device in the prior art. Both the fire suppression device and the inert gas protection device are connected to a main pipe, and the main pipe is connected to a branch pipe. One of the branch pipes is connected to a battery box through a fusion-type nozzle.

[0006] Each of the branch pipes is equipped with a branch pressure sensor, which is used to detect the pressure inside the branch pipe.

[0007] When the fire suppression device is activated, the pressure in the main pipe is greater than when the inert gas protection device is activated;

[0008] The fusion nozzle has a first channel and a second channel. When the inert gas protection device is activated, the inert gas enters the battery box through the first channel, and the second channel is closed. When the fire suppression device is activated, the second channel is opened, and the extinguishing agent enters the battery box through the second channel.

[0009] If the pressure detected by the branch pressure sensor increases and no fire has occurred, the fire suppression device will malfunction and issue a fault signal for timely repair, ensuring that the equipment remains in normal working order. As a further optimization of the invention, the fire suppression device is connected to a first connecting pipe, and the inert gas protection device is connected to a second connecting pipe. The first and second connecting pipes are connected to the main pipe via a shuttle valve. By using the shuttle valve, valves are not required on the first and second connecting pipes, allowing the first or second connecting pipe to connect to the main pipe based on the operating status of the fire suppression device and the inert gas protection device.

[0010] As a further optimization of the present invention, the fusion nozzle includes a housing, a nozzle is provided inside the housing, a one-way valve core is provided on the side of the housing opposite to the nozzle, an elastic element is provided between the one-way valve core and the nozzle, the elastic element compresses the one-way valve core to close the inlet of the housing, a waterproof and breathable membrane is provided on the one-way valve core to allow gas in the branch pipe to enter the battery box through the fusion nozzle, the waterproof and breathable membrane, the gap between the elastic element and the housing, and the nozzle form a first channel; the extinguishing agent compresses the elastic element to open the inlet, the inlet, the gap between the elastic element and the housing, and the nozzle form a second channel.

[0011] As a further optimization of the present invention, the housing has a connecting channel that connects the inlet and the nozzle, the elastic element is located in the connecting channel, the portion of the connecting channel near the inlet includes a tapered portion, and a sealing ring is provided on the outside of the one-way valve. The sealing ring abuts against the tapered portion, thereby realizing the one-way valve closing the inlet.

[0012] As a further optimization of the present invention, the one-way valve core has a guide extension, which slides along the inner wall of the communicating channel when the elastic element deforms.

[0013] The guide extensions are provided in multiple sets and are circumferentially distributed within the connecting channel, and a flow interval is formed between any two adjacent sets of guide extensions.

[0014] As a further optimization of the present invention, the one-way valve core is provided with an air guiding channel, the air guiding channel is connected to the connecting channel, and the waterproof and breathable membrane is disposed at one end of the air guiding channel near the connecting channel.

[0015] As a further optimization of the present invention, the air guiding channel includes a large-diameter hole and a small-diameter hole that are connected. The large-diameter hole is close to the connecting channel relative to the small-diameter hole. The large-diameter hole and the small-diameter hole form a stepped surface. The waterproof and breathable membrane is attached to the stepped surface. A sleeve is provided inside the large-diameter hole and is pressed against the waterproof and breathable membrane. The sleeve has a portion that presses against the elastic element.

[0016] As a further optimization of the present invention, it also includes a control unit, wherein both the fire suppression device and the inert gas protection device are connected to the control unit, and the control unit is used to control the opening and closing of the fire suppression device and the inert gas protection device.

[0017] The battery box is equipped with a fire detection device, which is connected to the control unit. The fire detection device transmits the detected information to the control unit. If a fire occurs, the control unit controls the fire suppression device to open and the inert gas protection device to close. If no fire occurs, the control unit controls the inert gas protection device to open and the fire suppression device to close.

[0018] The branch pressure sensor is connected to the control unit, and the branch pressure sensor feeds back the data it detects to the control unit.

[0019] The signal can be confirmed by setting the branch pressure sensor. If the pressure is low, the system is spraying nitrogen; if the pressure is high, it is spraying extinguishing agent. The status can be confirmed based on the pressure feedback to prevent the system from being triggered falsely.

[0020] When no fire occurs: if the pressure of the branch pipe detected by the branch pressure sensor is greater than the pressure of the branch pipe when the inert gas protection device is operating normally but less than the pressure of the branch pipe when the fire suppression device is turned on, then the extinguishing agent of the fire suppression device leaks in small amount; if the pressure of the branch pipe detected by the branch pressure sensor is the same as the pressure of the branch pipe when the fire suppression device is turned on, then the fire suppression device is falsely triggered.

[0021] A passive fire prevention and inerting active protection device for power batteries includes a housing and an upper cover disposed on the housing. The housing has a partition plate that divides the housing into a first accommodating cavity and a second accommodating cavity. A fire suppression device is disposed in the first accommodating cavity, and an inert gas protection device is disposed in the second accommodating cavity. Both the fire suppression device and the inert gas protection device are connected to a main pipe through pipes.

[0022] The inert gas protection device and fire suppression device are housed in a single enclosure and controlled by a system similar to existing inert gas protection devices. This system includes heating components, a nitrogen separation component, and a pressure reducing valve to generate nitrogen, which is then piped into the battery compartment to suppress fires within it. The fire suppression device, like existing systems, includes an extinguishing agent and a gas generator. When the fire detector detects thermal runaway within the enclosure, the gas generator activates, generating high pressure to propel the extinguishing agent through the pipes to extinguish any fires inside the battery compartment.

[0023] As a further optimization of the present invention, a sealing strip is provided between the upper cover and the housing to form a sealed cavity between the upper cover and the housing, and an internal pressure sensor for detecting the sealed cavity is provided inside the sealed cavity.

[0024] In this invention, the proposed passive fire prevention and active inerting protection system and device for power batteries, under normal circumstances, the inert gas protection device of the system actively maintains a low-oxygen environment by injecting inert gas (nitrogen) into the battery box; when the detector in the battery box detects thermal runaway, the fire suppression device passively injects cooling and extinguishing agent into the battery box to suppress the reaction and prevent its spread, significantly improving the safety of lithium batteries.

[0025] This fusion nozzle has a first channel that adapts to low-pressure conditions, allowing for the passage of liquid extinguishing agent under low-pressure nitrogen conditions during normal operation; in the event of battery thermal runaway, the second channel of the fusion nozzle can pass liquid extinguishing agent under high pressure and atomize it.

[0026] The pressure in the branch pipes is detected by a branch pressure sensor. If the extinguishing agent leaks, the value detected by the branch pressure sensor will increase, which will help users to detect and resolve the problem in a timely manner.

[0027] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the fusion-type nozzle structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the fusion-type nozzle of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a control principle diagram of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the device structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device of the present invention after the top cover is opened;

[0034] In the diagram: 1. Fire suppression device; 2. Inert gas protection device; 3. Main pipe; 4. Branch pipe; 5. Battery box; 6. Sub-box valve; 7. Fusion nozzle; 70. Housing; 71. Nozzle; 72. One-way valve core; 720. Gas guide channel; 7200. Large diameter orifice; 7201. Small diameter orifice; 73. Elastic element; 74. Waterproof and breathable membrane; 75. Sealing ring; 76. Guide extension; 77. Sleeve; 8. First connecting pipe; 9. Second connecting pipe; 10. Shuttle valve; 11. Control unit; 12. Fire detection element; 13. Branch pressure sensor; 14. Housing; 15. Top cover; 16. Divider plate; 17. Internal pressure sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0035] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar symbols denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0036] like Figure 1 - Figure 3 The illustrated passive fire prevention and inerting active protection system for power batteries includes a fire suppression device 1 and an inert gas protection device 2. The inert gas protection device 2 can be a nitrogen protection device in the prior art. The fire suppression device 1 can be a pump-type perfluorohexanone fire suppression device 1, a pressure-storage type perfluorohexanone fire suppression device 1, or a piston-generating type perfluorohexanone fire suppression device 1 in the prior art. Both the fire suppression device 1 and the inert gas protection device 2 are connected to a main pipe 3. The main pipe 3 is connected to multiple branch pipes 4. Each branch pipe 4 is connected to a battery box 5 through a fusion nozzle 7. The battery box 5 is a closed structure and contains a battery pack. Preferably, a distribution valve 6 is also provided between the main pipe 3 and the branch pipes 4. Each branch pipe 4 is provided with a branch pressure sensor 13, which is used to detect the pressure in the branch pipe 4.

[0037] When the fire suppression device 1 is activated, the pressure in the main pipe 3 is greater than when the inert gas protection device 2 is activated;

[0038] The fusion nozzle 7 has a first channel and a second channel. When the inert gas protection device 2 is activated, the inert gas enters the battery box 5 through the first channel and the second channel is closed. When the fire suppression device 1 is activated, the second channel is opened and the extinguishing agent enters the battery box 5 through the second channel.

[0039] Under normal circumstances, the inert gas protection device 2 of the system actively maintains a low-oxygen environment by injecting inert gas (nitrogen) into the battery box 5; when the detector in the battery box 5 detects that the battery box 5 has thermal runaway, the fire suppression device 1 passively injects a cooling and extinguishing agent into the battery box 5 to suppress the reaction and prevent its spread, significantly improving the safety of lithium batteries.

[0040] During operation, when the fire suppression device 1 is activated, the pressure in the main pipe 3 is greater than the pressure in the main pipe 3 when the inert gas protection device 2 is activated. This results in different pressures on the fusion nozzles 7 when different devices are activated. Consequently, the state of the fusion nozzles 7 is adjusted according to different media to adapt to high and low pressure conditions. This ensures both the nitrogen protection effect of the inert gas protection device 2 and the fire suppression effect of the fire suppression device 1. Furthermore, the branch pressure sensor 13 can detect whether a leak has occurred in the fire suppression device, increasing safety performance.

[0041] Preferably, the fire suppression device 1 is connected to a first connecting pipe 8, and the inert gas protection device 2 is connected to a second connecting pipe 9. The first connecting pipe 8 and the second connecting pipe 9 are connected to the main pipe 3 via a shuttle valve 10. By using the shuttle valve 10, it is not necessary to install valves on the first connecting pipe 8 and the second connecting pipe 9, allowing the first connecting pipe 8 or the second connecting pipe 9 to be connected to the main pipe 3 according to the operating status of the fire suppression device 1 and the inert gas protection device 2.

[0042] Preferably, the fusion nozzle 7 includes a housing 70 made of metal material, and a nozzle 71 is installed inside the housing 70 by means of threads. The nozzle 71 can atomize the liquid medium. A one-way valve core 72 is provided on the side of the housing 70 opposite to the nozzle 71. The one-way valve core 72 can slide relative to the housing 70. An elastic element 73 is provided between the one-way valve core 72 and the nozzle 71. The elastic element 73 can be a spring. The elastic element 73 compresses the one-way valve core 72 to close the inlet of the housing 70. A waterproof and breathable membrane 74 is provided on the one-way valve core 72 to allow the gas in the branch pipe to enter the battery box 5 through the fusion nozzle 7. The gap between the waterproof and breathable membrane 74, the elastic element 73 and the housing 70, and the nozzle 71 form a first channel.

[0043] When the inert gas protection device 2 is opened and the fire suppression device 1 is closed, the inert gas is sprayed into the battery box 5 through the waterproof and breathable membrane 74 and the nozzle 71. When the fire suppression device 1 is opened and the inert gas protection device 2 is closed, the extinguishing agent squeezes the one-way valve core 72 and squeezes the elastic element 73 to open the inlet. The gap between the inlet, the elastic element 73 and the outer shell 70 and the nozzle 71 form a second channel.

[0044] Preferably, the housing 70 has a connecting channel that connects the inlet and the nozzle 71. The elastic element 73 is located in the connecting channel. The part of the connecting channel near the inlet includes a conical part. A sealing ring 75 is provided on the outside of the one-way valve. The sealing ring 75 can be made of elastic material such as rubber. When there is no external force, the elastic element 73 is in a compressed state and squeezes the one-way valve core 72, so that the sealing ring 75 abuts against the conical part, thereby realizing the function of the one-way valve to close the inlet.

[0045] In order to ensure that the movement of the one-way valve is limited during the deformation of the elastic element 73, preferably, the one-way valve core 72 has a guide extension 76, which slides along the inner wall of the communication channel when the elastic element 73 deforms.

[0046] The guide extension 76 is provided in multiple sets and is circumferentially distributed in the connecting channel, and a flow interval is formed between any two adjacent sets of guide extensions 76. The extinguishing agent can enter the flow interval through the inlet and enter the nozzle 71 through the flow interval.

[0047] Specifically, the one-way valve core 72 is provided with an air guide channel 720, which is connected to the connecting channel, and a waterproof and breathable membrane 74 is provided at one end of the air guide channel 720 near the connecting channel.

[0048] Preferably, the air guiding channel 720 includes a large-diameter hole 7200 and a small-diameter hole 7201 that communicate with each other. The large-diameter hole 7200 is closer to the communicating channel than the small-diameter hole 7201, and the large-diameter hole 7200 and the small-diameter hole 7201 form a stepped surface. A waterproof and breathable membrane 74 is adhered to the stepped surface. A sleeve 77 is provided inside the large-diameter hole 7200 and is pressed against the waterproof and breathable membrane 74. The sleeve 77 has a portion that presses against the elastic member 73. Specifically, the inner wall of the sleeve 77 has an extension ring, which is directly opposite the small-diameter hole 7201. To ensure breathability, the extension ring has a through hole and a portion that abuts against the waterproof and breathable membrane 74. The outer wall of the sleeve 77 has a retaining strip, and the inner wall of the large-diameter hole 7200 has a retaining groove, with the retaining strip matching the retaining groove. The sleeve 77 further restricts the waterproof and breathable membrane 74. Preferably, the end of the sleeve 77 away from the waterproof and breathable membrane 74 has a limiting ring, which abuts against the elastic element 73. During the compression process of the elastic element 73, the sleeve 77 is further restricted, thereby ensuring its stability.

[0049] like Figure 4As shown, as a further optimized solution of the present invention, it also includes a control unit 11, and the fire suppression device 1 and the inert gas protection device 2 are both connected to the control unit 11. The control unit 11 is used to control the opening and closing of the fire suppression device 1 and the inert gas protection device 2.

[0050] The battery box 5 is equipped with a fire detection device 12, which is connected to the control unit 11. The fire detection device 12 transmits the information it detects to the control unit 11. If a fire occurs, the control unit 11 controls the fire suppression device 1 to open and the inert gas protection device 2 to close. If no fire occurs, the control unit 11 controls the inert gas protection device 2 to open and the fire suppression device 1 to close.

[0051] Branch pressure sensor 13 is connected to control unit 11, and branch pressure sensor 13 feeds back the data it detects to control unit 11.

[0052] When no fire occurs: If the branch pressure sensor 13 detects an increase in its internal pressure (the pressure of the branch pipe detected by the branch pressure sensor 13 is greater than the pressure of the branch pipe when the inert gas protection device is operating normally and less than the pressure of the branch pipe when the fire suppression device is opened), and this pressure gradually increases, at this time, when the extinguishing agent leakage of the fire suppression device 1 is relatively small, the extinguishing agent squeezes the end face of the one-way valve core 72 of the fusion nozzle 7, but does not squeeze the one-way valve core 72 to act. The extinguishing agent affects the passage of inert gas. At this time, the control unit 11 can issue an alarm through the display unit or sound module connected to it to remind personnel to take measures.

[0053] If the branch pressure sensor 13 detects a large pressure change in its branch pipe (the pressure of the branch pipe detected by the branch pressure sensor is the pressure of the branch pipe when the fire suppression device is opened), the fire suppression device will be falsely triggered. At this time, the fire suppression device 1 will leak a large amount of extinguishing agent, and the extinguishing agent will squeeze the single-phase valve core of the fusion nozzle 7 to actuate. Since the detection result of the branch pressure sensor 13 can be used to determine that the fire suppression device 1 is leaking, personnel will be reminded to take appropriate measures.

[0054] Preferably, the control unit 11 is connected to the sub-tank valve 6 and controls the opening and closing of the sub-tank valve 6;

[0055] The fire detection device 12 inside the battery box 5 detects in real time whether a fire has occurred inside the battery box 5. Specifically, the fire detection device 12 can be one or more of a temperature sensor, a combustion product gas detection sensor, etc. If no fire has occurred inside the battery box 5, the control unit 11 controls the inert gas protection device 2 to open and the fire suppression device 1 to close, and the valves 6 of each compartment to open. The inert gas generated by the inert gas protection device 2 enters the battery box 5 through the main pipe 3 and branch pipes 4, the waterproof and breathable membrane 74, and the nozzle 71.

[0056] During this process, if the pressure inside the battery box 5 remains constant, the leakage of the battery box 5 is determined by periodically closing the sub-box valve 6 and by the change of the branch pressure sensor 13.

[0057] Furthermore, when the sub-valve 6 is in the open state, the pressure detected by the branch pressure sensor determines whether the inert gas protection device 2 is in the open state, the fire suppression device 1 is in the open state, or the main pipe 3 or branch pipe 4 is leaking abnormally. Specifically, if the pressure detected by the branch pressure sensor 13 is low pressure and the inert gas protection device 2 controlled by the control unit 11 is in the open state, it is normal; if the pressure detected by the branch pressure sensor 13 is high pressure and the fire suppression device 1 controlled by the control unit 11 is in the open state, it is normal; if the pressure detected by multiple branch pressure sensors 13 is not equal and the difference is large, one branch pipe 4 may be leaking; if the pressure detected by multiple branch pressure sensors 13 is low pressure and the fire suppression device 1 controlled by the control unit 11 is in the open state, the main pipe 3 is leaking.

[0058] The signal can be confirmed by setting the branch pressure sensor 13. If the pressure is low, the system is spraying nitrogen gas; if the pressure is high, it is spraying fire extinguishing agent. The status can be confirmed based on the pressure feedback to prevent the system from being triggered falsely.

[0059] like Figure 5 - Figure 6 The passive fire prevention and inerting active protection device for power batteries shown includes a housing 14 made of metal material and an upper cover 15 disposed on the housing 14. The housing 14 has a partition plate 16, which divides the housing 14 into a first accommodating cavity and a second accommodating cavity. A fire suppression device 1 is disposed in the first accommodating cavity, and an inert gas protection device 2 is disposed in the second accommodating cavity. Both the fire suppression device 1 and the inert gas protection device 2 are connected to the main pipe 3 through pipes. A control unit 11 is disposed in the second accommodating cavity.

[0060] The inert gas protection device 2 and the fire suppression device 1 are housed in a single enclosure and controlled by a system similar to existing inert gas protection devices 2. This system includes heating components, a nitrogen separation component, and a pressure reducing valve, generating nitrogen gas which is then piped into the battery compartment 5 to suppress any fire within it. The fire suppression device 1, like existing fire suppression devices 1, includes an extinguishing agent and a gas generator. When the fire detector 12 detects thermal runaway within the enclosure, the gas generator activates, generating high pressure to propel the extinguishing agent through the pipes into the battery compartment 5, extinguishing any fire within it.

[0061] Preferably, a sealing strip is provided between the top cover 15 and the housing 14 to form a sealed cavity between the top cover 15 and the housing 70. An internal pressure sensor 17 for detecting the sealed cavity is provided inside the sealed cavity. The internal pressure sensor 17 is connected to the control unit 11. The pressure detected by the internal pressure sensor 17 is transmitted to the control unit 11. The control unit 11 determines whether the fire suppression device 1 and the inert gas protection device 2 inside the box are leaking based on the pressure value detected by the internal pressure sensor 17.

[0062] It should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0063] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0064] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between the components; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0065] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature.

[0066] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A passive fire prevention and active inerting protection system for power batteries, comprising a fire suppression device and an inert gas protection device, wherein both the fire suppression device and the inert gas protection device are connected to a main pipe, characterized in that, The main pipe is connected to the branch pipes, and one of the branch pipes is connected to a battery box through a fusion nozzle; Each of the branch pipes is equipped with a branch pressure sensor, which is used to detect the pressure inside the branch pipe. When the fire suppression device is activated, the pressure in the main pipe is greater than when the inert gas protection device is activated; The fusion nozzle has a first channel and a second channel. When the inert gas protection device is activated, the inert gas enters the battery box through the first channel, and the second channel is closed. When the fire suppression device is activated, the second channel is opened, and the extinguishing agent enters the battery box through the second channel.

2. The passive fire prevention and inerting active protection system for power batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fire suppression device is connected to a first connecting pipe, and the inert gas protection device is connected to a second connecting pipe. The first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe are connected to the main pipe through a shuttle valve.

3. The passive fire prevention and inerting active protection system for power batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fusion nozzle includes a housing, a nozzle is provided inside the housing, a one-way valve core is provided on the side of the housing opposite to the nozzle, an elastic element is provided between the one-way valve core and the nozzle, the elastic element squeezes the one-way valve core to close the inlet of the housing, a waterproof and breathable membrane is provided on the one-way valve core to allow gas in the branch pipe to enter the battery box through the fusion nozzle, the gap between the waterproof and breathable membrane, the elastic element and the housing, and the nozzle form a first channel; The extinguishing agent compresses the elastic element to open the inlet, and the gap between the inlet, the elastic element and the outer shell, and the nozzle form a second channel.

4. The passive fire prevention and inerting active protection system for power batteries according to claim 3, characterized in that, The housing has a connecting channel that connects the inlet and the nozzle. The elastic element is located in the connecting channel. The portion of the connecting channel near the inlet includes a tapered portion. A sealing ring is provided on the outside of the one-way valve. The sealing ring abuts against the tapered portion, thereby achieving the one-way valve to close the inlet.

5. The passive fire prevention and inerting active protection system for power batteries according to claim 3, characterized in that, The one-way valve core has a guide extension that slides along the inner wall of the communicating channel when the elastic element deforms. The guide extensions are provided in multiple sets and are circumferentially distributed within the connecting channel, and a flow interval is formed between any two adjacent sets of guide extensions.

6. The passive fire prevention and inerting active protection system for power batteries according to claim 5, characterized in that, The one-way valve core is provided with an air guide channel, which is connected to the connecting channel, and the waterproof and breathable membrane is disposed at one end of the air guide channel near the connecting channel.

7. The passive fire prevention and inerting active protection system for power batteries according to claim 6, characterized in that, The air guiding channel includes a large-diameter hole and a small-diameter hole that are connected. The large-diameter hole is close to the connecting channel relative to the small-diameter hole. The large-diameter hole and the small-diameter hole form a stepped surface. The waterproof and breathable membrane is attached to the stepped surface. A sleeve is provided inside the large-diameter hole and is pressed against the waterproof and breathable membrane. The sleeve has a portion that presses against the elastic element.

8. The passive fire prevention and inerting active protection system for power batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a control unit, to which both the fire suppression device and the inert gas protection device are connected. The control unit is used to control the opening and closing of the fire suppression device and the inert gas protection device. The battery box is equipped with a fire detection device, which is connected to the control unit. The fire detection device transmits the detected information to the control unit. If a fire occurs, the control unit controls the fire suppression device to open and the inert gas protection device to close. If no fire occurs, the control unit controls the inert gas protection device to open and the fire suppression device to close. The branch pressure sensor is connected to the control unit, and the branch pressure sensor feeds back the data it detects to the control unit.

9. The passive fire prevention and inerting active protection system for power batteries according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, When no fire occurs: if the pressure of the branch pipe detected by the branch pressure sensor is greater than the pressure of the branch pipe when the inert gas protection device is operating normally but less than the pressure of the branch pipe when the fire suppression device is turned on, then the extinguishing agent of the fire suppression device leaks in small amount; if the pressure of the branch pipe detected by the branch pressure sensor is the same as the pressure of the branch pipe when the fire suppression device is turned on, then the fire suppression device is falsely triggered.

10. A passive fire prevention and active inerting protection device for power batteries, characterized in that, The device includes a housing and a top cover disposed on the housing. The housing has a partition plate that divides the housing into a first receiving cavity and a second receiving cavity. The first receiving cavity is equipped with a fire suppression device, and the second receiving cavity is equipped with an inert gas protection device. Both the fire suppression device and the inert gas protection device are connected to a main pipe through pipes. A sealing strip is provided between the top cover and the housing to form a sealed cavity between the top cover and the housing, and an internal pressure sensor for detecting the sealed cavity is provided inside the sealed cavity.

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