Modular intelligent micro automatic fire extinguishing box based on general interface and multimodal SMA linkage

Abstract

The application discloses a modular intelligent micro automatic fire extinguishing box based on a universal interface and a multimodal SMA linkage, and relates to the technical field of fire-fighting equipment. The application aims to solve the technical problems of poor universality, overall scrapping after triggering and high replacement cost of the existing fire extinguishing device. The technical solution points are as follows: the modular intelligent micro automatic fire extinguishing box comprises a fire extinguishing box body and a mounting base; the mounting base is selected from any one of a plug-in base, a magnetic base and a pasting base; the fire extinguishing box body and the mounting base are detachably connected through a universal interface; the universal interface comprises a mechanical connection structure and an electrical connection structure; the electrical connection structure of the universal interface is configured to transmit an electric arc detection signal from an electric arc detection module of the plug-in base to a control unit of the fire extinguishing box body through the electrical connection structure; the control unit cross-verify the electric arc detection signal with a temperature signal and a smoke signal; a two-stage triggering structure of a shape memory alloy element and a temperature-sensitive glass ball is adopted for a fire extinguishing agent releasing mechanism; and the shape memory alloy element outputs a pre-triggering signal to the control unit to adjust a sampling frequency when triggered at the first stage. The application is mainly used for automatic fire extinguishing of distribution boxes, sockets, household appliances and other small spaces.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fire-fighting equipment technology, specifically to a modular intelligent miniature automatic fire extinguishing box that can be adapted to various installation methods. Background Technology

[0002] Miniature automatic fire extinguishing devices are widely used in small spaces such as electrical boxes, sockets, and household appliances. Existing magnetic, adhesive, and plug-in fire extinguishing devices are designed independently, resulting in poor versatility, complete failure after triggering, and high replacement costs. Most existing fire extinguishing devices use a single temperature-sensing element for triggering, leading to a high false alarm rate.

[0003] In the prior art, SMA temperature-sensing actuation technology has been applied in the field of fire protection (such as US6073700). However, the SMA element in this prior art is only used as a mechanical actuation element. Its operation does not change the operating parameters of any electronic sensing system, nor does it form a signal interaction with electronic sensors. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a modular intelligent miniature automatic fire extinguishing box based on a universal interface and multimodal SMA linkage. The universal interface enables the fire extinguishing box body to be compatible with various mounting bases. At the same time, multimodal sensing fusion and SMA dual triggering technology are adopted to improve detection accuracy and response speed and reduce replacement costs.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A modular intelligent miniature automatic fire extinguishing box based on a universal interface and multimodal SMA linkage includes the fire extinguishing box body and the mounting base.

[0006] The fire extinguishing box body includes a shell, a multimodal sensing module, a control unit, a fire extinguishing agent storage tank, and a directional release structure.

[0007] The mounting base is selected from any one of the following: plug-in base, magnetic base, and adhesive base.

[0008] The fire extinguishing box body and the mounting base are detachably connected via a universal interface, which includes a mechanical connection structure and an electrical connection structure.

[0009] The electrical connection structure of the general interface is configured as follows: when the mounting base is a plug-in base, the arc detection module of the plug-in base transmits the arc detection signal to the control unit of the fire extinguishing box body through the electrical connection structure; the control unit cross-verifies the arc detection signal with the temperature signal and smoke signal of the multimodal sensing module.

[0010] The multimodal sensing module includes a temperature detection unit and a smoke detection unit.

[0011] The control unit is configured to trigger the release of extinguishing agent only when both temperature and smoke exceed the standard.

[0012] The extinguishing agent release mechanism includes an extinguishing agent storage tank, a directional release structure, and a shape memory alloy trigger assembly.

[0013] The shape memory alloy triggering component adopts a two-stage triggering structure: the first stage is a shape memory alloy element (triggering temperature 70℃), and the second stage is a temperature-sensitive glass ball (triggering temperature 178℃).

[0014] When the shape memory alloy element is triggered at the first stage, it outputs a pre-trigger signal to the control unit. After receiving the pre-trigger signal, the control unit actively adjusts the operating parameters of the multimodal sensing module—increasing the sampling frequency from 1 time / second to 10 times / second.

[0015] The core innovation of this invention lies in the synergy of three levels: First, the universal interface allows the same fire extinguisher box body to be adapted to three types of mounting bases, realizing a modular architecture of "one body + multiple bases"; Second, the electrical connection structure of the universal interface is not a simple power supply contact, but a signal transmission channel. The arc detection module of the plug-in base transmits arc detection signals to the control unit of the fire extinguisher box body through this channel, enabling functional synergy between the base and the body; Third, the linkage confirmation mechanism of SMA two-level triggering and multimodal sensing forms a two-way synergy between physical sensing and electronic sensing. These three levels support each other functionally, jointly achieving the technical effects of "flexible installation, accurate detection, and reliable triggering".

[0016] Furthermore, the mechanical connection structure is a snap-fit ​​structure, and the electrical connection structure includes metal contacts located at the bottom of the fire extinguisher box body and metal springs located on the mounting base.

[0017] Furthermore, the plug-in base includes a plug, an arc detection module, and a power-off mechanism.

[0018] Furthermore, the fire extinguishing box body also includes a replaceable temperature sensing element module, which can be reset by simply replacing the temperature sensing element after triggering. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fire extinguishing box body of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the connection between the fire extinguisher box body and the mounting base; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a shape memory alloy trigger component; Figure 4 This is a control flowchart for multimodal fusion and SMA linkage.

[0020] In the diagram, 10-Fire extinguishing box body; 11-Shell; 2-Multimodal sensing module; 22-Temperature detection unit; 23-Smoke detection unit; 3-Control unit; 51-Fire extinguishing agent storage tank; 52-Directional release structure; 521-Nozzle; 53-SMA trigger assembly; 531-First-stage SMA element; 532-Second-stage temperature-sensing glass bulb; 6-Status indicator window; 7-Universal interface; 71-Metal contact; 72-Snap-on protrusion; 8-Possible Replace the temperature sensing element module; 81-threaded interface; 20a-plug-in base; 21a-base body; 22a-plug; 23a-arc detection module; 24a-power-off mechanism; 25a-metal spring; 26a-snap-in groove; 20b-magnetic base; 21b-base body; 22b-magnet; 25b-metal spring; 20c-adhesive base; 21c-base body; 22c-adhesive; 25c-metal spring. Detailed Implementation

[0021] Example 1: General Interface Design The fire extinguisher box body and the mounting base are connected via a universal interface. The mechanical connection structure uses a snap-fit ​​mechanism, with a snap-fit ​​protrusion on the bottom of the fire extinguisher box body and a corresponding snap-fit ​​groove on the mounting base. The electrical connection structure includes metal contacts located on the bottom of the fire extinguisher box body and metal spring clips on the mounting base.

[0022] Example 2: Three types of mounting bases The plug-in base includes a plug, an arc detection module, and a power-off mechanism, which sends an arc detection signal to the fire extinguisher box body via an electrical connection structure. The magnetic base includes a magnet embedded in the base body. The adhesive base includes a 3M adhesive sticker on the back of the base body.

[0023] Example 3: Fire Extinguishing Box Body The fire extinguishing box body includes a shell, a multimodal sensing module, a control unit, a fire extinguishing agent storage tank, a directional release structure, and a status indicator window. The multimodal sensing module includes a temperature detection unit and a smoke detection unit. The control unit employs multi-sensor cross-validation logic.

[0024] The SMA triggering assembly adopts a two-stage structure: a first-stage SMA element (nickel-titanium alloy, trigger temperature 70℃) and a second-stage temperature-sensing glass bulb (trigger temperature 178℃). When the first stage of SMA is triggered, the SMA element outputs a pre-trigger signal to the control unit, and the control unit increases the sampling frequency of the multimodal sensing module from 1 time / second to 10 times / second.

[0025] Reset design: The fire extinguishing box body includes a replaceable temperature sensing element module, which can be reset by simply replacing the temperature sensing element after triggering.

[0026] Miniaturization: The fire extinguishing box measures 75×55×22mm and weighs approximately 150g. The extinguishing agent storage tank has a volume of approximately 20ml and is filled with approximately 15g of aerosol or approximately 20g of perfluorohexanone.

Claims

1. A modular intelligent miniature automatic fire extinguishing box based on a universal interface and multimodal SMA linkage, comprising a fire extinguishing box body and a mounting base, characterized in that: The fire extinguishing box body includes a shell, a multimodal sensing module, a control unit, a fire extinguishing agent storage tank, and a directional release structure; The mounting base is selected from any one of the following: plug-in base, magnetic base, and adhesive base; The fire extinguishing box body and the mounting base are detachably connected via a universal interface, which includes a mechanical connection structure and an electrical connection structure. The electrical connection structure of the general interface is configured as follows: when the mounting base is a plug-in base, the arc detection module of the plug-in base transmits the arc detection signal to the control unit of the fire extinguishing box body through the electrical connection structure; the control unit cross-verifies the arc detection signal with the temperature signal and smoke signal of the multimodal sensing module. The multimodal sensing module includes a temperature detection unit and a smoke detection unit; The control unit is configured to trigger the release of extinguishing agent only when both temperature and smoke exceed the standard. The extinguishing agent release mechanism includes an extinguishing agent storage tank, a directional release structure, and a shape memory alloy triggering component; The shape memory alloy triggering component adopts a two-stage triggering structure: the first stage is a shape memory alloy element with a triggering temperature of 70℃; the second stage is a temperature-sensitive glass ball with a triggering temperature of 178℃. The shape memory alloy element outputs a pre-trigger signal to the control unit when the first-level trigger is activated. After receiving the pre-trigger signal, the control unit actively adjusts the operating parameters of the multimodal sensing module, including increasing the sampling frequency of the multimodal sensing module.

2. The modular intelligent miniature automatic fire extinguishing box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mechanical connection structure is a snap-fit ​​structure, and the electrical connection structure includes metal contacts located at the bottom of the fire extinguisher box body and metal springs located on the mounting base.

3. The modular intelligent miniature automatic fire extinguishing box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plug-in base includes a plug, an arc detection module, and a power-off mechanism.

4. The modular intelligent miniature automatic fire extinguishing box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic base includes a magnet and a base body; the adhesive base includes a base body and an adhesive sticker on the back of the base body.

5. The modular intelligent miniature automatic fire extinguishing box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shape memory alloy element is made of nickel-titanium alloy material.

6. The modular intelligent miniature automatic fire extinguishing box according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a replaceable temperature sensing element module, which can be reset by simply replacing the temperature sensing element after triggering.

7. The modular intelligent miniature automatic fire extinguishing box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fire extinguisher box measures 75×55×22mm.

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