Photoelectric smoke sensing and automatic water spraying system for waste smoke treatment chamber

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of cigarette manufacturing workshop fire safety, and discloses a photoelectric smoke sensing linkage automatic water spraying fire extinguishing system special for waste cigarette processing chamber, which comprises a water supply assembly, a detection assembly and a control assembly. The water supply assembly comprises a water tank, a water pipe and a conical nozzle which are sequentially connected. A water outlet main valve is connected between the water tank and the water pipe, and an electromagnetic valve is connected between the water pipe and the conical nozzle. The installation height of the conical nozzle is lower than that of the water tank, the spray angle of the conical nozzle is 30°-50°, and the installation height of the conical nozzle is such that the sprayed water mist can cover the waste cigarette stacking area in the waste cigarette processing chamber. The installation height of the detection assembly is higher than that of the conical nozzle, and the detection assembly is used for detecting the smoke signal of the waste cigarette processing chamber. The control assembly is used for controlling the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valve according to the detection signal of the detection assembly. It is matched with the characteristics of small amount of smoke and concentrated ignition point of the waste cigarette during the initial stage of smoldering.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fire safety technology in cigarette manufacturing workshops, and in particular to a photoelectric smoke-sensing linkage automatic sprinkler fire extinguishing system specifically for waste smoke treatment rooms. Background Technology

[0002] With adjustments to cigarette production processes, the proportion of slim cigarettes produced in cigarette packaging workshops has been increasing year by year. Slim cigarettes commonly employ laser online perforation technology, which easily generates high-temperature residue during production, leading to smoldering during the collection and storage of waste cigarettes. Waste cigarette treatment rooms, as centralized processing areas for waste cigarettes, experience large accumulations and long storage times, resulting in a significantly higher risk of smoldering fires compared to ordinary areas, posing a substantial fire safety hazard. Currently, traditional automatic sprinkler systems mostly employ conventional sprinkler heads and high-flow-rate pipe networks, which, while capable of extinguishing general fires, are clearly insufficient for small, specialized areas like waste cigarette treatment rooms.

[0003] In the existing technology, a major technical problem faced by automatic sprinkler systems when used in waste smoke treatment rooms is that conventional sprinkler heads have a large spray range and high water pressure. Once triggered, they will spray the entire room in a large area, which not only causes serious waste of water resources, but also easily leads to moisture damage to other electrical equipment in the room. Furthermore, they cannot be matched with the characteristics of small smoke volume and concentrated ignition point in the initial stage of smoldering of waste smoke sticks, and need to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a photoelectric smoke-sensing linkage automatic water sprinkler fire extinguishing system for waste smoke treatment rooms, which is matched with the characteristics of small smoke volume and concentrated ignition point in the early stage of smoldering of waste smoke sticks.

[0005] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] An automatic sprinkler fire extinguishing system with photoelectric smoke detection linkage for waste smoke treatment rooms includes: a water supply component, a detection component, and a control component.

[0007] The water supply assembly includes a water tank, a water pipe, and a conical nozzle connected in sequence; the water tank is installed at a high position in the waste smoke treatment chamber; a main water outlet valve is connected between the water tank and the water pipe, and a solenoid valve is connected between the water pipe and the conical nozzle; the installation height of the conical nozzle is lower than the installation height of the water tank, the spray angle of the conical nozzle is 30°~50°, and the installation height of the conical nozzle allows the sprayed water mist to cover the waste smoke stacking area in the waste smoke treatment chamber;

[0008] The detection component is installed in the waste smoke treatment chamber, and the installation height of the detection component is higher than the installation height of the conical nozzle. The detection component is used to detect the smoke signal in the waste smoke treatment chamber.

[0009] The control component is electrically connected to the solenoid valve and the detection component respectively, and the control component is used to control the opening and closing of the solenoid valve according to the detection signal of the detection component.

[0010] Furthermore, the photoelectric smoke-sensing automatic sprinkler fire extinguishing system for waste smoke treatment rooms also includes an alarm component, which is electrically connected to the control component; the alarm component includes two alarms, one of which is installed inside the waste smoke treatment room and the other of which is installed outside the waste smoke treatment room.

[0011] Furthermore, the detection assembly includes a mounting bracket and a detection element. The mounting bracket has a mounting end and a supporting end connected to each other. The mounting end is used to install on the wall of the waste smoke treatment chamber, and the supporting end extends away from the wall of the waste smoke treatment chamber. The detection element is installed on the supporting end.

[0012] Furthermore, the detection element is installed 300-400mm away from the wall; the detection element is a photoelectric smoke detector.

[0013] Furthermore, the control component is a Siemens S7-200 SMART PLC controller.

[0014] Furthermore, the photoelectric smoke-sensing automatic sprinkler system for waste smoke treatment rooms is also equipped with an emergency button, a stop button, and a main power switch electrically connected to the control component. The emergency button is used to manually open the solenoid valve, the stop button is used to manually close the solenoid valve, and the main power switch is used to manually control the power supply of the photoelectric smoke-sensing automatic sprinkler system for waste smoke treatment rooms.

[0015] Furthermore, the water pipe is a flexible metal hose.

[0016] Furthermore, a booster pump is connected to the water pipe. The booster pump is activated when the water level in the water tank is lower than a preset threshold in order to maintain the outlet water pressure of the conical nozzle.

[0017] Furthermore, the water tank has a volume of 5-6L, and the installation height of the water tank is 3-3.5m above the ground.

[0018] Furthermore, the installation height of the conical nozzle is 0.8~1.1m above the ground; the installation height of the detection component is 1.2~1.5m above the ground.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0020] 1. The spray angle of the cone nozzle is limited to 30°~50° and its installation height allows the water mist to completely cover the waste cigarette stacking area. This spray angle can accurately cover the concentrated fire area, avoiding water waste caused by large-scale water mist diffusion or dilution of smoke leading to detection delay. It can also ensure that the initial fire is quickly and precisely extinguished, preventing the fire from spreading. This achieves the effect of matching the characteristics of small smoke volume and concentrated ignition point in the initial stage of smoldering waste cigarettes.

[0021] 2. The gravity-fed water supply method, which is based on the high-level installation of the water tank and the lower installation height of the conical nozzles than the water tank, improves the system's operational reliability and energy independence in complex industrial environments. It achieves the effect of extinguishing fires without the need for an external power source and even in the event of a power outage in the waste smoke treatment room, relying on natural water pressure.

[0022] 3. Based on the spatial relationship formed by the installation height of the detection component being higher than that of the conical nozzle, when a fire occurs, the rising smoke touches the high-level detection component and triggers an alarm. When water is sprayed, the water mist moves downward and will not enter the detection area. This avoids the problem of the solenoid valve failing to close properly or repeatedly starting and stopping due to the water mist particles being misjudged as smoke by the detection component. This achieves the linkage timing effect of detection before water spraying and water spraying not interfering with detection.

[0023] 4. Based on the control components, the solenoid valve and the detection components are electrically connected respectively. The solenoid valve is opened and closed according to the detection signal of the detection components. The system monitors the smoke signal in the waste smoke treatment room in real time, automatically judges the fire situation and starts water spraying. After the fire is extinguished, the water spraying stops automatically. No manual intervention is required throughout the process. It is suitable for closed treatment rooms where there is little personnel entry during normal times, but a rapid response is required to the risk of spontaneous combustion of waste smoke. It achieves the effect of fully automatic unattended fire extinguishing. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photoelectric smoke-sensing linkage automatic sprinkler fire extinguishing system for a waste smoke treatment room according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A structural diagram from a second perspective;

[0026] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A structural diagram from a third-person perspective.

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Water supply assembly; 11. Water tank; 12. Water pipe; 121. Booster pump; 13. Conical nozzle; 14. Main outlet valve; 15. Solenoid valve; 2. Detection assembly; 21. Mounting bracket; 211. Mounting end; 212. Support end; 22. Detection element; 3. Control assembly; 4. Alarm; 5. Emergency button; 6. Stop button; 7. Main power switch. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The present invention will now be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, without conflict, the various embodiments or technical features described below can be arbitrarily combined to form new embodiments.

[0029] It should be noted that when an element is described as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly attached to the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is described as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementations.

[0030] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0031] See Figures 1-3 A preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a photoelectric smoke-sensing linkage automatic sprinkler fire extinguishing system for waste smoke treatment rooms, comprising: a water supply component 1, a detection component 2, and a control component 3.

[0032] The water supply assembly 1 includes a water tank 11, a water pipe 12, and a conical nozzle 13 connected in sequence. The water tank 11 is installed at a high position in the waste smoke treatment room. High-position installation means that the water tank 11 is installed higher than the conical nozzle 13 described later. This arrangement utilizes the gravity of the water to generate natural pressure, thereby simplifying the system structure, reducing energy consumption, and improving reliability—even in the event of a power outage, the water in the water tank 11 can still flow out by gravity and be used for fire extinguishing. The waste smoke treatment room typically has a certain floor height, providing space for the high-position installation of the water tank 11. A main outlet valve 14 connects the water tank 11 and the water pipe 12. This main outlet valve 14 is a manual valve, normally kept open, used to cut off the water supply during system maintenance or cleaning of the water tank 11; the valve's design complies with the conventional safety requirements of fire-fighting water supply systems. A solenoid valve 15 connects the water pipe 12 and the conical nozzle 13. Solenoid valve 15 is an electrically controlled valve that is electrically connected to control component 3. It can be opened or closed quickly according to control commands, thereby realizing automatic water spraying or stopping water spraying.

[0033] The installation height of the conical nozzle 13 is lower than that of the water tank 11. This height difference is a core condition for gravity water supply; the greater the height difference, the greater the hydrostatic pressure at the nozzle outlet. For waste smoke treatment rooms, the water tank 11 is typically installed near the ceiling, and the nozzle is installed above the waste smoke stacking area, forming a water head of approximately 2 meters, which can provide a pressure of approximately 0.02 MPa, sufficient to atomize the water through the conical nozzle 13 and spray it a certain distance. The spray angle of the conical nozzle 13 is 30°~50°. This spray angle is specifically optimized for the characteristics of the waste smoke treatment chamber. If the spray angle is too small, the water mist will be too concentrated, covering only a small circular area and failing to cover the entire waste cigarette storage area. If the spray angle is too large, the water mist will be too dispersed, causing water waste as it drifts outside the waste cigarette storage area. Furthermore, the water mist particles will disperse in the air and may be misidentified as smoke by the detection component 2, causing system malfunctions or repeated actions. A cone-shaped water mist of 30° to 50° provides sufficient coverage width while maintaining a certain impact force, allowing the water mist to effectively adhere to the surface of the waste cigarettes for rapid fire extinguishing. The installation height of the cone-shaped nozzle 13 ensures that the sprayed water mist can cover the waste cigarette storage area within the waste smoke treatment chamber. The installation height of the nozzle is not fixed, but is determined according to the size and location of the actual waste cigarette storage area. Generally, the waste cigarette storage area is located on the ground or on a pallet, and the storage height usually does not exceed 0.8 meters. If the conical nozzle 13 is installed at a height of about 1 meter above the ground and its axis is aligned with the center of the storage area, the diameter of the water mist cone with an angle of 30° to 50° will be about 1 to 1.8 meters, which can cover waste cigarette storage areas of common sizes. If the storage area is large, multiple conical nozzles 13 can be installed in parallel to ensure complete coverage after the water mist is superimposed.

[0034] The detection component 2 is installed inside the waste smoke treatment chamber, and its installation height is higher than that of the conical nozzle 13. If the detection component 2 is installed lower than the nozzle, when the nozzle sprays water mist, a large number of water mist particles may enter the optical cavity of the detection component 2, causing the detection component 2 to mistakenly believe that the smoke concentration is continuous, thus preventing the solenoid valve 15 from closing properly and wasting water. By placing the detection component 2 above the conical nozzle 13, the natural difference in direction between the downward spray of water mist and the upward diffusion of smoke can be utilized to avoid mutual interference. The detection component 2 is used to detect the smoke signal in the waste smoke treatment chamber.

[0035] The control component 3 is electrically connected to the solenoid valve 15 and the detection component 2 respectively. The control component 3 is used to control the opening and closing of the solenoid valve 15 according to the detection signal of the detection component 2. When the smoke signal detected by the detection component 2 is lower than the preset threshold, the control component 3 determines that there is no fire alarm, keeps the solenoid valve 15 in the closed state, disconnects the water pipe 12 from the conical nozzle 13, and the system does not spray water. When the smoke signal detected by the detection component 2 reaches or exceeds the preset threshold, the control component 3 determines that a fire has occurred and immediately outputs an opening command to the solenoid valve 15. The solenoid valve 15 is energized and opens, and the water in the water tank 11 enters the conical nozzle 13 under the action of gravity through the main water outlet valve 14, the water pipe 12, and the solenoid valve 15, and is sprayed out in a conical water mist of 30°~50°, covering the waste smoke pile area below and extinguishing the fire. During the water spraying process, the detection component 2 continuously detects the smoke signal. When the fire is extinguished and the smoke concentration drops below the threshold (or below the threshold minus the hysteresis), the control component 3 outputs a closing command, the solenoid valve 15 is de-energized and closes, and the water spraying stops. The above-mentioned linkage logic enables fully automatic fire detection and extinguishing without human intervention, making it particularly suitable for places like waste smoke treatment rooms that are usually unattended or have low personnel access frequency.

[0036] As an alternative configuration, an electric ball valve, electric butterfly valve, or pneumatic valve can also be used as the actuator between the water pipe 12 and the conical nozzle 13, as long as it can receive the electrical signal from the control component 3 to achieve on / off switching. The main outlet valve 14 can also be a ball valve or butterfly valve, in addition to a manual gate valve.

[0037] The working principle of the photoelectric smoke-sensing linkage automatic sprinkler fire extinguishing system for waste smoke treatment rooms of the present invention is as follows: a water tank 11 is installed at a high position in the waste smoke treatment room, the main water outlet valve 14 is normally open, and the detection component 2 monitors the indoor smoke signal in real time; when the detection component 2 detects that the smoke concentration exceeds the preset threshold, the control component 3 immediately opens the solenoid valve 15, and the water in the water tank 11 flows into the conical nozzle 13 through the water pipe 12 under the action of gravity, and sprays water mist at a spray angle of 30°~50°; since the installation height of the conical nozzle 13 is lower than that of the water tank 11 and its height allows the water mist to completely cover the waste smoke stacking area, the water mist directly acts on the fire area to extinguish the fire; when the smoke concentration drops below the threshold, the control component 3 closes the solenoid valve 15 and stops spraying water.

[0038] The spray angle of the cone nozzle 13 is limited to 30°~50° and its installation height allows the water mist to completely cover the waste cigarette stacking area. This spray angle allows the water mist to accurately cover the concentrated fire area, avoiding water waste caused by large-scale water mist diffusion or dilution of smoke leading to detection delay. It also ensures that the initial fire is quickly and precisely extinguished, preventing the fire from spreading. This achieves the effect of matching the characteristics of small smoke volume and concentrated ignition point in the initial stage of smoldering waste cigarettes.

[0039] The gravity-fed water supply method formed by the high-level installation of the water tank 11 and the lower installation height of the cone nozzle 13 compared to the water tank 11 improves the system's operational reliability and energy independence in complex industrial environments, achieving the effect of fire extinguishing without the need for an external power source and even in the event of a power outage in the waste smoke treatment room, relying on natural water pressure.

[0040] Based on the spatial relationship formed by the installation height of the detection component 2 being higher than that of the conical nozzle 13, when a fire occurs, the rising smoke touches the high-level detection component 2 and triggers an alarm. When water is sprayed, the water mist moves downward and will not enter the detection area. This avoids the problem of the solenoid valve 15 failing to close properly or repeatedly starting and stopping due to the water mist particles being misjudged as smoke by the detection component 2. This achieves the linkage timing effect of detection before water spraying and water spraying not interfering with detection.

[0041] Based on the control component 3 electrically connecting the solenoid valve 15 and the detection component 2 respectively, and controlling the opening and closing of the solenoid valve 15 according to the detection signal of the detection component 2, the system monitors the smoke signal in the waste smoke treatment room in real time, automatically judges the fire situation and starts water spraying, and automatically stops water spraying after the fire is extinguished. No manual intervention is required throughout the process. It is suitable for enclosed treatment rooms where personnel enter infrequently but a rapid response to the risk of spontaneous combustion of waste smoke is required, achieving the effect of fully automatic unattended fire extinguishing.

[0042] Preferably, a photoelectric smoke-sensing automatic sprinkler fire extinguishing system specifically designed for waste smoke treatment rooms further includes an alarm component, which is electrically connected to the control component 3. The alarm component includes two alarms 4, one installed inside the waste smoke treatment room and the other installed outside. When the detection component 2 detects a smoke signal, the control component 3 simultaneously triggers both alarms 4: the indoor alarm 4 emits a loud audible and visual alarm to warn potential inspection or maintenance personnel inside, while the outdoor alarm 4 (usually installed outside the waste smoke treatment room door or in the duty room) alerts external personnel to the fire. The two alarms 4 operate independently and do not interfere with each other. The indoor alarm can remind on-site personnel to take immediate emergency measures, reducing the risk of injury or death; the outdoor alarm can notify duty personnel or nearby personnel to promptly check the scene or call for fire assistance, avoiding delays in fire extinguishing due to the strong enclosure of the waste smoke treatment room and the lack of awareness among outdoor personnel; the dual alarm system improves the system's safety redundancy, ensuring that even if one alarm 4 fails, the other can still function. In addition to audible and visual alarms, alarm device 4 may also include wireless signal transmission (sending alarm information to a mobile terminal), alarm bus signals connected to the factory's fire control room, or linkage with external devices such as smoke exhaust fans and fire dampers. Outdoor alarm device 4 may also adopt a combination of flashing warning lights and voice prompts.

[0043] Preferably, the detection assembly 2 includes a mounting bracket 21 and a detection element 22. The mounting bracket 21 has a connected mounting end 211 and a supporting end 212. The mounting end 211 is used to install on the wall of the waste smoke treatment chamber, and the supporting end 212 extends away from the wall of the waste smoke treatment chamber. The detection element 22 is installed on the supporting end 212. The mounting end 211 of the mounting bracket 21 is fixed to the wall, and the supporting end 212 extends into the indoor space, suspending the detection element 22 at a certain distance from the wall. This avoids the problem that when the detection element 22 is installed close to the wall, the smoke near the wall is difficult to enter the detection chamber due to slow air flow, thermal boundary layer effect, etc. This places the detection element 22 in a better airflow path in the room, so that the smoke can contact the sensor faster and more directly after rising, improving the response speed and detection accuracy; reducing the adsorption or disturbance of smoke diffusion by the wall, reducing the risk of missed detection; the structure is simple, the installation is flexible, and it is suitable for the renovation of waste smoke treatment chambers with existing walls.

[0044] Preferably, the detection element 22 is installed 300-400mm away from the wall; the detection element 22 is a photoelectric smoke detector. The photoelectric smoke detector contains an infrared light-emitting tube and a receiving tube. Under normal conditions, the receiving tube receives little or no infrared light. When smoke enters the detection chamber, the smoke particles scatter the infrared light, increasing the light intensity received by the receiving tube. When the light intensity reaches the threshold, an alarm is triggered. A distance of 300-400mm from the wall is the optimal range recommended by fire protection standards (such as GB 50116) to avoid the influence of the wall. This distance also avoids the "smoke trapping" phenomenon (smoke accumulating in corners but not easily entering the detector) and prevents the detector from being too prominent and susceptible to external impact. The photoelectric smoke detector is highly sensitive to the white visible smoke produced by the smoldering of cigarettes and is not easily affected by the small amount of tobacco dust or moisture normally present in the smoke treatment room, resulting in a low false alarm rate. Compared to ionization smoke detectors, photoelectric detectors are more environmentally friendly, have no radiation source, and are more suitable for indoor installation.

[0045] As an alternative setup, the detection element 22 can also be an ionization smoke detector, an aspirating smoke detector (very early smoke detection), or an infrared beam smoke detector. Among these, the aspirating smoke detector actively draws air through a sampling tube, allowing for earlier detection of trace amounts of smoke produced by smoldering cigarettes, making it suitable for high-value equipment protection locations. Ionization smoke detectors are more sensitive to tiny smoke particles, but attention must be paid to the disposal of radioactive sources after disposal. If the roof of the waste smoke treatment room has a suspended ceiling or grille, the detection element 22 can be directly installed below the suspended ceiling, secured by a hanging rod or ceiling mount. For locations without walls for support (such as waste cigarette storage areas located in the center of the room), a column-type mounting bracket 21 can be used to place the detection element 22 on the ground or equipment platform. Furthermore, multiple detection components 2 can be installed depending on the area and layout of the waste smoke treatment room to eliminate detection blind spots. Multiple detection components 2 can be connected to the control component 3 using either AND logic (the water spray is activated only when all detection components 2 alarm) or OR logic (the water spray is activated when any detection component 2 alarms). Those skilled in the art can freely choose according to the requirements for preventing false alarms.

[0046] Preferably, control component 3 is a Siemens S7-200 SMART PLC controller. This model of PLC is a mature small controller in the industrial field, with high anti-interference capability, wide operating temperature range (suitable for the possible high temperature or humidity environment of the waste smoke treatment room), and high reliability; it supports logic programming, and can easily adjust parameters such as alarm threshold, delay time, and linkage logic to adapt to different waste smoke stacking scales and layouts; it has rich input and output interfaces, and can be expanded to connect more detection components 2, alarms 4, or external devices. Alternatively, control component 3 can be any brand of programmable logic controller (such as Mitsubishi FX series, Omron CP series), microcontroller (such as Arduino, STM32), industrial control computer, or dedicated relay logic control board. For simple switching control, even a delay trigger circuit composed of discrete electronic components can be used.

[0047] Preferably, a photoelectric smoke-sensing automatic sprinkler system for waste smoke treatment rooms is further equipped with an emergency button 5, a stop button 6, and a main power switch 7, all electrically connected to the control component 3. The emergency button 5 is used to manually open the solenoid valve 15, the stop button 6 is used to manually close the solenoid valve 15, and the main power switch 7 is used to manually control the power supply to the system. When the emergency button 5 is pressed manually, the control component 3 forcibly opens the solenoid valve 15 (regardless of whether the detection component 2 detects smoke), for situations where on-site personnel discover an open flame but the system does not automatically start. When the stop button 6 is pressed manually, the control component 3 forcibly closes the solenoid valve 15, for manually stopping the sprinkler system after a false alarm or when the fire has been extinguished. The main power switch 7 is used to cut off the power to the entire system (including the control component 3, detection component 2, solenoid valve 15, etc.), for system maintenance or long-term shutdown. It provides redundant manual control to compensate for possible failures or response delays in automatic detection, which is in line with the design principle of dual protection of automatic and manual fire protection systems; the emergency button 5 can immediately start fire extinguishing when the fire is visible to the naked eye but the system has not alarmed, thus saving valuable time; the stop button 6 can prevent water waste or water stains from spreading because the solenoid valve 15 cannot be automatically closed due to water mist interference with the detection component 2; the main power switch 7 facilitates safe operation for maintenance personnel and avoids the risk of live operation.

[0048] Preferably, the water pipe 12 is a flexible metal hose. Flexible metal hoses are corrosion-resistant, able to withstand the erosion of grease, humid gases, or weakly acidic substances that may be present in the waste smoke treatment chamber, and have a long service life; they possess a certain degree of flexibility, which can compensate for minor deviations in the installation position, facilitating the adjustment of the orientation and height of the conical nozzle 13; their pressure resistance is higher than that of ordinary rubber or plastic hoses, making them less prone to breakage due to fluctuations in water pressure caused by gravity. Alternatively, the water pipe 12 can also be made of rigid galvanized steel, copper, or pressure-reinforced plastic (such as PA nylon or PU polyurethane); flexible metal hoses are easier to install due to their flexibility, but rigid pipes are either less expensive or more pressure-resistant, and can be selected according to actual needs.

[0049] Preferably, a booster pump 121 is also connected to the water pipe 12. The booster pump 121 is activated when the water level in the water tank 11 is lower than a preset threshold to maintain the outlet water pressure of the conical nozzle 13. During normal operation, the system relies on gravity for water supply. When the water level in the water tank 11 drops below the preset threshold, the control component 3 activates the booster pump 121 to pressurize the water in the water pipe 12, ensuring stable outlet pressure of the conical nozzle 13, thereby maintaining a 30°~50° conical water mist shape and coverage area. When the water level recovers or the fire is extinguished, the booster pump 121 stops working. The booster pump 121 overcomes the inherent defect of pressure reduction with decreasing water level in gravity-fed water supply, ensuring consistent spray angle and coverage area of ​​the water mist throughout the fire extinguishing process, avoiding fire extinguishing failure due to insufficient water pressure later. It allows the water tank 11 to be installed at a lower height, or its volume to be appropriately reduced, improving the flexibility of the system layout. The booster pump 121 only operates briefly when needed, saving energy and extending pump life.

[0050] As an alternative setup, if sufficient height difference is not available on site, a booster pump 121 can be used to directly supply water. This involves eliminating the elevated water tank 11 or lowering its installation height, with the booster pump 121 providing the pressure and flow required by the nozzle. In this case, the solenoid valve 15 should be positioned between the booster pump 121 and the nozzle, and the control component 3 must simultaneously control the start and stop of both the booster pump 121 and the solenoid valve 15. Another alternative is a combined gravity and booster water supply: the elevated water tank 11 normally provides the base pressure, and when a fire is detected, the control component 3 simultaneously opens the solenoid valve 15 and the auxiliary booster pump 121 to enhance the penetration of the water mist.

[0051] Preferably, the water tank 11 has a volume of 5-6L, and its installation height is 3-3.5m above the ground. The 5-6L water volume is calculated specifically for initial fires in waste cigarette storage areas and is sufficient to extinguish smoldering fires or surface fires of a typical scale, while avoiding excessive water volume that could cause flooding. The installation height of 3-3.5m is within the clear height range under beams in common industrial plants or waste cigarette treatment rooms, which can be achieved without special modifications, saving engineering costs. The height difference between the water tank 11 and the conical nozzle 13 can generate a gravitational water pressure of approximately 0.02-0.025MPa, which, combined with a spray angle of 30°-50°, forms effective atomization with moderate pressure, preventing water mist from dispersing due to excessive pressure and affecting detection.

[0052] Understandably, the volume and installation height of water tank 11 can be adjusted according to the area of ​​the waste cigarette storage area, the stacking height, and the site's floor height. For example, for a larger storage area, the volume of water tank 11 can be increased to 10-15L, and the installation height can be correspondingly increased to 4-5m; for a small waste cigarette treatment room, the volume of water tank 11 can be reduced to 3-4L. As long as the sprayed water mist can cover the entire waste cigarette storage area, it is considered an equivalent replacement.

[0053] Preferably, the installation height of the conical nozzle 13 is 0.8~1.1m above the ground; the installation height of the detection component 2 is 1.2~1.5m above the ground. The waste cigarette stacking area is usually located on the ground or on a pallet, and the stacking height generally does not exceed 0.8m. The nozzle is installed at a height of 0.8~1.1m, so that the bottom of the water mist cone it sprays can just cover the stacking surface, and will not cause the water mist to scatter due to being too high or splash due to impacting the waste cigarettes due to being too low. The detection component 2 is 1.2~1.5m high and located above the nozzle, which meets the requirement that "the detection component 2 is higher than the nozzle". When the smoke rises, it passes through the 1.2~1.5m height area and triggers the detection. When water is sprayed, the water mist is downward and will not interfere with the detection component 2 located above. The nozzle height of 0.8~1.1m ensures precise coverage and effective wetting of the waste cigarette stack by water mist, while avoiding direct impact of water mist on the stack, which could cause waste cigarettes to scatter or sparks to fly; the detection component 2, with a height of 1.2~1.5m, is located in the middle of the personnel breathing zone and the smoke rising channel, which can quickly respond to the initial smoke and is not easily triggered by ground dust or accidental steam; the height difference between the two clearly defines the physical sequence of detection before water spraying, preventing water mist from interfering with the detection signal and ensuring the reliability of the automatic linkage logic.

[0054] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of those different embodiments or examples.

[0055] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0056] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various variations or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application, and these should all be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A photoelectric smoke-sensing linked automatic sprinkler fire extinguishing system specifically for waste smoke treatment rooms, characterized in that, include: A water supply assembly (1) includes a water tank (11), a water pipe (12), and a conical nozzle (13) connected in sequence. The water tank (11) is installed at a high position in the waste smoke treatment chamber. A main water outlet valve (14) is connected between the water tank (11) and the water pipe (12), and a solenoid valve (15) is connected between the water pipe (12) and the conical nozzle (13). The installation height of the conical nozzle (13) is lower than that of the water tank (11), and the spray angle of the conical nozzle (13) is 30°~50°. The installation height of the conical nozzle (13) allows the sprayed water mist to cover the waste smoke stacking area in the waste smoke treatment chamber. The detection component (2) is installed in the waste smoke treatment chamber, and the installation height of the detection component (2) is higher than the installation height of the conical nozzle (13). The detection component (2) is used to detect the smoke signal in the waste smoke treatment chamber. The control component (3) is electrically connected to the solenoid valve (15) and the detection component (2) respectively. The control component (3) is used to control the opening and closing of the solenoid valve (15) according to the detection signal of the detection component (2).

2. The photoelectric smoke-sensing linkage automatic sprinkler fire extinguishing system for waste smoke treatment rooms according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photoelectric smoke-sensing linkage automatic sprinkler fire extinguishing system for waste smoke treatment rooms also includes an alarm component, which is electrically connected to the control component (3); the alarm component includes two alarms (4), one of which is installed inside the waste smoke treatment room and the other is installed outside the waste smoke treatment room.

3. The photoelectric smoke-sensing linkage automatic sprinkler fire extinguishing system for waste smoke treatment rooms according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection component (2) includes a mounting bracket (21) and a detection element (22). The mounting bracket (21) has a mounting end (211) and a supporting end (212) connected to each other. The mounting end (211) is used to install on the wall of the waste smoke treatment chamber. The supporting end (212) extends away from the wall of the waste smoke treatment chamber. The detection element (22) is installed on the supporting end (212).

4. The photoelectric smoke-sensing linkage automatic sprinkler fire extinguishing system for waste smoke treatment rooms according to claim 3, characterized in that, The detection element (22) is installed 300-400mm away from the wall; the detection element (22) is a photoelectric smoke detector.

5. The photoelectric smoke-sensing linkage automatic sprinkler fire extinguishing system for waste smoke treatment rooms according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control component (3) is a Siemens S7-200 SMART PLC controller.

6. The photoelectric smoke-sensing linkage automatic sprinkler fire extinguishing system for waste smoke treatment rooms according to claim 5, characterized in that, The photoelectric smoke-sensing automatic sprinkler fire extinguishing system for waste smoke treatment rooms is also equipped with an emergency button (5), a stop button (6), and a main power switch (7) electrically connected to the control component (3). The emergency button (5) is used to manually open the solenoid valve (15), the stop button (6) is used to manually close the solenoid valve (15), and the main power switch (7) is used to manually control the power supply of the photoelectric smoke-sensing automatic sprinkler fire extinguishing system for waste smoke treatment rooms.

7. The photoelectric smoke-sensing linkage automatic sprinkler fire extinguishing system for waste smoke treatment rooms according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water pipe (12) is a flexible metal hose.

8. The photoelectric smoke-sensing linkage automatic sprinkler fire extinguishing system for waste smoke treatment rooms according to claim 1, characterized in that, A booster pump (121) is also connected to the water pipe (12). The booster pump (121) is used to start when the water level in the water tank (11) is lower than a preset threshold in order to maintain the outlet water pressure of the conical nozzle (13).

9. The photoelectric smoke-sensing linkage automatic sprinkler fire extinguishing system for waste smoke treatment rooms according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water tank (11) has a volume of 5~6L and is installed at a height of 3~3.5m above the ground.

10. The photoelectric smoke-sensing linkage automatic sprinkler fire extinguishing system for waste smoke treatment rooms according to claim 1, characterized in that, The installation height of the conical nozzle (13) is 0.8~1.1m above the ground; the installation height of the detection component (2) is 1.2~1.5m above the ground.

Images