Coal dressing operation dust treatment device
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202611048335.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-07-15
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-30
AI Technical Summary
[0002]在选煤加工过程中，因破碎、筛分、运输等多个工序环节存在物料动能转换、机械摩擦及气流扰动等因素，会持续释放组分复杂的高浓度粉尘，对现场作业人员的身体健康构成严重威胁
1、引风机工作时，含尘废气在引风机负压作用下吸入至引风腔内，并经引风腔进入废气腔，随后通过进气网孔均匀分配至各过滤腔，经滤芯过滤后的洁净气体由排气孔排出，实现高效净化。
Smart Images
Figure CN122998848A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of coal preparation technology, specifically referring to a dust control device for coal preparation operations. Background Technology
[0002] During coal preparation, multiple processes such as crushing, screening, and transportation involve material kinetic energy conversion, mechanical friction, and airflow disturbances, continuously releasing high-concentration dust with complex compositions. This poses a serious threat to the health of on-site workers. Furthermore, when coal dust particles reach a certain concentration, they may cause explosions, further increasing the safety risks in production.
[0003] Due to the large amount of dust particles, the filter element is easily damaged and condensed when filtering and treating dusty gas. It has high operating resistance and is difficult to clean. Moreover, the entire machine usually needs to be shut down when replacing the filter element. For continuous production operations such as coal preparation plants, frequent shutdowns not only affect production efficiency, but also increase maintenance and labor costs. Summary of the Invention
[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a dust control device for coal preparation operations, which can quickly replace and repair filter elements without stopping the machine, thus ensuring continuous operation.
[0005] The technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows: This invention provides a dust control device for coal preparation operations, comprising a mobile frame, a purification support, and an induced draft fan. The upper end of the purification support is provided with an induced draft chamber, and the induced draft fan is installed inside the induced draft chamber. A dust collection mechanism is connected to the upper end of the induced draft chamber. A ring-shaped fixed top seat is fixedly installed on the purification support. An inspection port is provided through the fixed top seat, and an easily removable maintenance end cover is detachably provided inside the inspection port. A filter shell is rotatably connected below the fixed top seat, and an exhaust gas chamber is provided in the middle of the filter shell. The induced draft chamber is connected to the exhaust gas chamber. The filter housing contains multiple filter chambers evenly distributed around the exhaust gas chamber. The inspection port is located above the filter chambers. Each filter chamber is filled with a filter element that matches the geometry of the filter chamber. The sidewall of the filter element is tightly fitted to the inner wall of the filter chamber. Each filter chamber has an air inlet area on its sidewall. The air inlet area has multiple air inlet mesh holes that connect the filter chamber and the exhaust gas chamber. An exhaust port is located on the outside of the filter chamber. A self-closing sealing assembly is slidably provided below the fixed top seat. The self-closing sealing assembly is located inside the exhaust gas chamber and abuts against the easily detachable inspection end cover.
[0006] The easily detachable and serviceable end cover includes mounting bolts, a cover plate, a sealing component, a follower push rod, a pressure plate, and a tension spring. The sealing component is located on the bottom wall of the cover plate. A threaded blind hole is formed on the side of the sealing component away from the exhaust gas chamber. A follower sliding cavity is provided inside the sealing component, coaxially arranged with the threaded blind hole. A follower sliding hole is formed along the axial direction in the follower sliding cavity. One end of the follower sliding hole communicates with the threaded blind hole, and the other end of the follower sliding hole penetrates the side of the sealing component near the exhaust gas chamber. The pressure plate is slidably disposed in the follower sliding cavity. Inside, the middle part of the follower push rod is fixedly inserted through the pressure plate, and the follower push rod is slidably disposed in the follower sliding hole. The tension spring is disposed between the pressure plate and the inner side wall of the follower sliding cavity near the threaded blind hole. The outer side wall of the fixed top seat has an installation hole communicating with the inspection port, and the inner side wall of the fixed top seat has a sliding hole communicating with the inspection port. The sliding hole and the installation hole are coaxially arranged. The mounting bolt passes through the installation hole and is threadedly connected to the threaded blind hole. The end of the follower push rod away from the exhaust gas cavity abuts against the end of the mounting bolt.
[0007] Furthermore, the self-closing sealing assembly includes a sealing cover, a sealing slide, a guide slide, and a sealing spring. The guide slide is fixedly installed inside the fixed top seat, and two guide slides are symmetrically arranged. The sealing slide is slidably connected to the two guide slides. The sealing cover is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the sealing slide and slidably disposed in the exhaust gas chamber. The sealing cover is fan-shaped, with an opening on the side of the sealing cover near the filter chamber. The outer arc length of the sealing cover is greater than the inner arc length of the filter chamber. The sealing spring is disposed between the inner side of the fixed top seat and the sealing slide.
[0008] Preferably, the air intake area corresponds one-to-one with the filter chamber, and each air intake area controls the air intake of the corresponding filter chamber. The area of the air intake area is smaller than the area of the opening side of the sealing cover.
[0009] Preferably, the top of the inner wall of the fixed top seat is provided with a flange, the air duct is fixedly provided on the upper end of the flange, the bottom end of the air duct is connected to a diversion pipe, and the diversion pipe is provided with multiple sets of air outlet holes at equal intervals along the axial direction.
[0010] Preferably, a fixed ring is provided in the middle of the diversion pipe, and the fixed ring is installed axially offset from the air outlet. A push spring is provided between the fixed ring and the sealing cover, and the push spring pushes the sealing cover to slide towards the inner wall of the exhaust gas chamber.
[0011] Preferably, the filter housing is covered with a purification hood, which is fixedly disposed between the fixed top seat and the bottom wall of the purification bracket. The side wall of the purification hood is provided with an exhaust port, and an exhaust fan is provided inside the exhaust port.
[0012] As a further improvement to this solution, the mobile frame is equipped with a rotation drive for driving the filter housing to rotate. The rotation drive includes an angle sensor and a drive motor. The drive motor is located at the bottom of the purification bracket, and the output shaft of the drive motor passes through the bottom wall of the purification bracket and is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the filter housing. The angle sensor is located between the output shaft of the drive motor and the bottom wall of the purification bracket.
[0013] Preferably, the filter shell is a cylindrical cavity with an open top and a closed bottom, the filter cavity is a fan-shaped cavity with an open top, and the area and shape of the cross-section of the inspection port are the same as the area and shape of the cross-section of the filter cavity.
[0014] Furthermore, the purification bracket is equipped with a control panel, which is electrically connected to the exhaust fan, the induced draft fan, and the drive motor. The control panel is equipped with a controller, which is electrically connected to the angle sensor and the drive motor.
[0015] The dust collection mechanism includes a omnidirectional flexible suction arm and a dust collection hood. One end of the omnidirectional flexible suction arm is fixedly connected to the upper end of the air intake chamber, and the dust collection hood is connected to the other end of the omnidirectional flexible suction arm. The dust collection hood is horn-shaped.
[0016] The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention using the above structure are as follows: 1. When the induced draft fan is working, the dust-laden exhaust gas is drawn into the induced draft chamber under the negative pressure of the induced draft fan, and then enters the exhaust gas chamber through the induced draft chamber. Subsequently, it is evenly distributed to each filter chamber through the air inlet mesh. The clean gas filtered by the filter element is discharged through the exhaust port, achieving efficient purification.
[0017] 2. Since the filter housing can rotate relative to the fixed top seat, simply rotating the filter housing will rotate the filter chamber to be maintained to the position directly below the inspection port. Each filter element can be inspected or replaced in sequence without stopping the machine, which significantly improves continuous operation capability and maintenance convenience.
[0018] 3. The locking operation of the easy-to-remove maintenance end cover is organically combined with the on / off control of the air intake mesh to form a linkage mechanism of tightening to allow airflow and loosening to seal. The self-closing sealing component automatically cuts off the airflow channel of the corresponding filter chamber when the easy-to-remove maintenance end cover is opened, which not only prevents residual dust from escaping, but also realizes the isolation and maintenance of a single filter chamber without stopping the machine, significantly improving the reliability of continuous operation and the convenience of maintenance of the device.
[0019] 4. The exhaust fan and the induced draft fan work together. The induced draft fan is responsible for collecting and transporting the dust-laden gas at the front end, while the exhaust fan is responsible for drawing out the clean gas after filtration at the back end, forming a dual-power airflow system of front delivery and rear extraction to ensure smooth gas flow.
[0020] 5. The purification hood allows the filtered clean gas to undergo a brief settling and buffering process within its interior space before being discharged, further reducing the escape of fine dust and enhancing the overall dust removal effect. Attached Figure Description
[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a dust control device for coal preparation operations provided by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a dust control device for coal preparation operations provided by the present invention from another perspective; Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the purification bracket, air duct, fixed top seat, easy-to-remove and maintenance end cover, self-closing sealing assembly, filter shell and purification hood provided by the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixed top seat and filter shell provided by the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the filter shell and filter element provided by the present invention; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the combined structure of the fixed top seat, the easily removable and maintenance end cover, the self-closing sealing assembly and the air duct provided by the present invention; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the combined structure of the fixed top seat and the self-closing sealing assembly provided by the present invention; Figure 8 A cross-sectional view of the easily detachable and inspectable end cap provided by the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the easy-to-disassemble and maintain end cap provided by the present invention.
[0022] Among them, 1. Mobile frame, 2. Purification bracket, 3. Exhaust fan, 4. Exhaust chamber, 5. Dust collection mechanism, 6. Fixed top seat, 7. Inspection port, 8. Easy-to-remove inspection end cover, 9. Filter shell, 10. Exhaust gas chamber, 11. Filter chamber, 12. Filter element, 13. Air inlet area, 14. Air inlet mesh, 15. Exhaust port, 16. Self-closing sealing assembly, 17. Mounting bolt, 18. Cover plate, 19. Sealing component, 20. Follow-up push rod, 21. Pressure plate, 22. Tension spring, 23. Threaded blind hole, 24. Follow-up sliding cavity, 25. Follow-up... 26. Sliding hole, 27. Mounting hole, 28. Sliding hole, 29. Sealing cover, 30. Sealing slide, 31. Guide slide rod, 32. Sealing spring, 33. Flange, 34. Diverter pipe, 35. Air outlet, 36. Fixed ring, 37. Push spring, 38. Purification hood, 39. Exhaust vent, 40. Exhaust fan, 41. Rotation drive, 42. Angle sensor, 43. Drive motor, 44. Control panel, 45. Universal flexible suction arm, 46. Dust hood, 47. Positioning through hole, 48. Mounting screw hole, 49. Fixing bolt.
[0023] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. Detailed Implementation
[0024] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0025] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.
[0026] like Figures 1-9As shown, the present invention provides a dust control device for coal preparation operations, comprising a mobile frame 1, a purification support 2, and an induced draft fan 3. The upper end of the purification support 2 is provided with an induced draft chamber 4, and the induced draft fan 3 is installed inside the induced draft chamber 4, providing negative pressure suction power. A dust collection mechanism 5 is connected to the upper end of the induced draft chamber 4. A ring-shaped fixed top seat 6 is fixedly installed on the purification support 2, and an inspection port 7 is provided through the fixed top seat 6. An easily removable maintenance end cover is detachably provided inside the inspection port 7. 8. To facilitate daily maintenance and filter element 12 replacement, a filter housing 9 is rotatably connected below the fixed top seat 6. An exhaust gas chamber 10 is located in the center of the filter housing 9, and the exhaust gas chamber 4 communicates with the exhaust gas chamber 10. Multiple filter chambers 11 are evenly distributed around the circumference of the exhaust gas chamber 10 inside the filter housing 9. The inspection port 7 is vertically aligned with any of the filter chambers 11, ensuring that after rotating the filter housing 9, each filter chamber 11 can be sequentially aligned with the inspection port 7, enabling maintenance of each filter chamber without shutting down the system. Each filter chamber 11 is filled with a filter element 12 whose geometry is adapted to the filter chamber 11. The sidewall of the filter element 12 is tightly fitted to the inner wall of the filter chamber 11 to ensure that all dust-laden airflow passes through the filter element 12 for filtration. Each filter chamber 11 has an air inlet area 13 on its sidewall. The air inlet area 13 has multiple air inlet mesh holes 14 that connect the filter chamber 11 and the exhaust gas chamber 10. The air inlet area 13 allows the dust-laden gas entering the exhaust gas chamber 10 to be diverted to each filter chamber 11 through the air inlet mesh holes 14. An exhaust port 15 is provided on the outer side of the filter 11 to discharge the filtered clean gas. A self-closing sealing assembly 16 is slidably provided below the fixed top seat 6. The self-closing sealing assembly 16 is located in the exhaust gas chamber 10 and abuts against the easy-to-remove maintenance end cover 8. When the easy-to-remove maintenance end cover 8 is opened, the self-closing sealing assembly 16 automatically seals the air inlet area 13 of the filter chamber 11 corresponding to the maintenance port 7, thereby preventing unfiltered dust from escaping during the replacement of the filter element 12 and ensuring the safety of the operating environment.
[0027] The easily detachable and maintenance end cover 8 includes mounting bolts 17, a cover plate 18, a sealing element 19, a follower push rod 20, a pressure plate 21, and a tension spring 22. The sealing element 19 is located on the bottom wall of the cover plate 18. A threaded blind hole 23 is provided on the side of the sealing element 19 away from the exhaust gas chamber 10. A follower sliding cavity 24 is provided inside the sealing element 19 and is coaxially arranged with the threaded blind hole 23. A follower sliding hole 25 is provided axially in the follower sliding cavity 24. One end of the follower sliding hole 25 communicates with the threaded blind hole 23, and the other end of the follower sliding hole 25 penetrates the side of the sealing element 19 near the exhaust gas chamber 10. The pressure plate... The pressure plate 21 is slidably disposed within the follower slide cavity 24. The middle part of the follower push rod 20 is fixedly inserted through the pressure plate 21. The follower push rod 20 is slidably disposed within the follower slide hole 25. The tension spring 22 is disposed between the pressure plate 21 and the inner wall of the follower slide cavity 24 near the threaded blind hole 23. It is used to provide elastic restoring force when the mounting bolt 17 is withdrawn, driving the pressure plate 21 and the follower push rod 20 to return to the initial retracted position. Initially, the pressure plate 21 is disposed on the side of the follower slide cavity 24 near the threaded blind hole 23, and the follower push rod is fully retracted into the follower slide hole 25. The outer wall of the fixed top seat 6 is provided with a communication port 7. The mounting hole 26 is provided, and the inner wall of the fixed top seat 6 is provided with a sliding hole 27 that communicates with the inspection port 7. The sliding hole 27 is coaxially arranged with the mounting hole 26 to ensure that the mounting bolt 17 and the follower push rod 20 move along the same axis. The mounting bolt 17 passes through the mounting hole 26 and is threadedly connected to the threaded blind hole 23. The end of the follower push rod 20 away from the exhaust gas chamber 10 abuts against the end of the mounting bolt 17. When the mounting bolt 17 is screwed into the sealing member 19 along the threaded blind hole 23, the end of the mounting bolt 17 pushes the follower push rod 20 to slide along the follower sliding hole 25 towards the exhaust gas chamber 10. The push rod 20 passes through the sliding hole 27 on the inner wall of the sealing member 19 and the fixed top seat 6 in sequence, and extends into the exhaust gas chamber 10. This pushes the self-closing sealing assembly 16 to slide away from the side wall of the exhaust gas chamber 10, so that the air inlet mesh 14, which was originally blocked by the self-closing sealing assembly 16, is fully exposed, thus ensuring smooth airflow between the exhaust gas chamber 10 and each filter chamber 11. Conversely, when the mounting bolt 17 is screwed out in the opposite direction, the tension spring 22 pulls the pressure plate 21 and the follower push rod 20 to reset and retract. The self-closing sealing assembly 16 then moves to re-attach and seal the air inlet mesh 14, cutting off the airflow channel.
[0028] The self-closing sealing assembly 16 includes a sealing cover 28, a sealing slide 29, a guide slide rod 30, and a sealing spring 31. The guide slide rod 30 is fixedly installed inside the fixed top seat 6. Two guide slide rods 30 are symmetrically arranged to provide smooth sliding guidance. The sealing slide 29 is slidably connected to the two guide slide rods 30. The sealing slide 29 can reciprocate within the fixed top seat 6 along the axial direction of the guide slide rods 30. The sealing cover 28 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the sealing slide 29. The sealing cover 28 is slidably disposed within the exhaust gas chamber 10, and moves synchronously with the sealing slide 29. The sealing cover 28 is fan-shaped, with an opening on the side of the sealing cover 28 closest to the filter chamber 11. The outer arc length of the sealing cover 28 is greater than the inner arc length of the filter chamber 11, ensuring that the fan-shaped opening of the sealing cover 28 can completely cover and shield the corresponding air inlet mesh 14 area, effectively preventing dust-laden gas from entering the filter chamber 11 to be maintained. The sealing spring 31 is disposed inside the fixed top seat 6 and the sealing slide. Between 29, the sealing spring 31 pushes the sealing slide 29 and the sealing cover 28 to slide away from the axis of the exhaust gas chamber 10, so that the sealing cover 28 always maintains a tendency to adhere to the side wall of the exhaust gas chamber 10. In the natural state, that is, when it is not pushed by the follower push rod 20, the sealing cover 28 is tightly attached to the side wall of the exhaust gas chamber 10 under the action of the sealing spring 31, completely covering the air inlet mesh 14 of the corresponding filter chamber 11, thereby cutting off the airflow between the filter chamber 11 and the exhaust gas chamber 10; when the follower push rod 20 is pushed by the follower push rod 20, the sealing cover 28 is tightly attached to the side wall of the exhaust gas chamber 10, thereby completely covering the air inlet mesh 14 of the corresponding filter chamber 11, thereby cutting off the airflow between the filter chamber 11 and the exhaust gas chamber 10; when the follower push rod 20 is pushed by the follower push rod 20, the sealing cover 28 is pushed by the follower push rod 20. When the sealing slide 29 is extended and pushed, it overcomes the elastic force of the sealing spring 31 and slides along the guide slide rod 30 toward the axis of the exhaust chamber 10. It also drives the sealing cover 28 to move away from the side wall of the exhaust chamber 10, so that the air inlet mesh 14 is fully exposed, restoring the gas communication between the filter chamber 11 and the exhaust chamber 10. When the follower push rod 20 retracts, the sealing spring 31 automatically pushes the sealing slide 29 and the sealing cover 28 to reset, reattach and seal the air inlet mesh 14, and realize self-closing sealing.
[0029] The air intake zone 13 corresponds one-to-one with the filter chamber 11. Each air intake zone 13 controls the air intake opening and closing of the corresponding filter chamber 11. The area of the air intake zone 13 is smaller than the area of the opening side of the sealing cover 28. Therefore, when the sealing cover 28 is attached to the side wall of the exhaust gas chamber 10 under the action of the sealing spring 31, the sealing cover 28 can completely cover the entire air intake zone 13 within its opening range.
[0030] The fixed top seat 6 has a flange 32 on the top of its inner wall. The air duct 4 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the flange 32. The bottom end of the air duct 4 is connected to a diversion pipe 33. The diversion pipe 33 has multiple sets of air outlet holes 34 equidistantly arranged along the axial direction. The diversion pipe 33 facilitates the dispersion and discharge of the concentrated airflow at multiple points along the axial direction.
[0031] A fixed ring 35 is provided in the middle of the diversion pipe 33. The fixed ring 35 and the air outlet 34 are installed axially offset to avoid the fixed ring 35 blocking the air outlet 34 and affecting the uniformity of air distribution. A push spring 36 is provided between the fixed ring 35 and the sealing cover 28. The push spring 36 pushes the sealing cover 28 to slide towards the inner side wall of the exhaust gas chamber 10, so that the sealing cover 28 tends to be tightly attached to the side wall of the exhaust gas chamber 10. The push spring 36 and the sealing spring 31 work together to act on the sealing cover 28, further enhancing the driving force of the sealing cover 28 to adhere to the side wall of the exhaust gas chamber 10.
[0032] The filter housing 9 is covered by a purification hood 37, which is fixed between the fixed top seat 6 and the bottom wall of the purification bracket 2, forming a closed purification space and completely covering the filter housing 9 inside the purification hood 37. The side wall of the purification hood 37 is provided with an exhaust port 38, and an exhaust fan 39 is provided inside the exhaust port 38. The exhaust fan 39 generates negative pressure inside the purification hood 37, so that the dust-laden gas can pass smoothly through the filter element 12 under the negative pressure suction to complete the filtration and purification.
[0033] The mobile frame 1 is equipped with a rotation drive 40 for driving the filter housing 9 to rotate. The rotation drive 40 includes an angle sensor 41 and a drive motor 42. The drive motor 42 is located at the bottom of the purification bracket 2. The output shaft of the drive motor 42 rotates through the bottom wall of the purification bracket 2 and is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the filter housing 9. The angle sensor 41 is located between the output shaft of the drive motor 42 and the bottom wall of the purification bracket 2. It is used to detect the rotation angle and the number of rotations of the output shaft of the drive motor 42, thereby accurately obtaining the current rotation angle position of the filter housing 9.
[0034] The filter housing 9 is a cylindrical cavity with an open top and a closed bottom. The filter cavity 11 is a fan-shaped cavity with an open top. The area and shape of the cross-section of the inspection port 7 are the same as those of the cross-section of the filter cavity 11. That is, the projection outline of the inspection port 7 on the horizontal plane is completely consistent with the horizontal cross-sectional outline of a single filter cavity 11, so that the filter element 12 can pass through the inspection port 7 into and out of the filter cavity 11 without obstruction in the vertical direction during the disassembly and assembly process.
[0035] The purification bracket 2 is equipped with a control panel 43, which is electrically connected to the exhaust fan 3, the exhaust fan 39, and the drive motor 42. The control panel 43 is equipped with a controller, which is electrically connected to the angle sensor 41 and the drive motor 42. Through the cooperation of the controller and the angle sensor 41, the filter shell 9 can accurately stop at the preset position after each rotation, ensuring that the filter chamber 11 to be maintained and the inspection port 7 are accurately aligned in the vertical direction, avoiding alignment deviation caused by human operation error or mechanical inertia.
[0036] The dust collection mechanism 5 includes a universal flexible suction arm 44 and a dust collection hood 45. One end of the universal flexible suction arm 44 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the air intake chamber 4, and the dust collection hood 45 is connected to the other end of the universal flexible suction arm 44. The dust collection hood 45 is arranged in a trumpet shape.
[0037] In this embodiment, the cover plate 18 has positioning through holes 46 at its four corners, and the upper wall of the fixed top seat 6 has mounting screw holes 47 corresponding to the positioning through holes 46. The mounting screw holes 47 are located at the four corners of the inspection port 7. Each positioning through hole 46 is fitted with a fixing bolt 48, which is threaded into the mounting screw hole 47. The positioning through holes 46, mounting screw holes 47 and fixing bolts 48 correspond one-to-one.
[0038] When purifying and treating the dust-laden gas generated during normal coal preparation operations, the device is moved to a suitable position and fixed. Then, the universal flexible suction arm 44 is adjusted to adjust the position of the dust collection hood 45, bringing it closer to the coal preparation machine. The induced draft fan 3 and exhaust fan 39 are then started via the control panel 43. The induced draft fan 3 creates negative pressure within the induced draft chamber 4. The dust-laden exhaust gas from the coal preparation operation point is drawn into the induced draft chamber 4 through the trumpet-shaped dust collection hood 45 and the universal flexible suction arm 44. The dust-laden gas then enters the exhaust gas chamber 10 in the middle of the filter shell 9 through the bottom diversion pipe 33. The diversion pipe 33 has multiple sets of axially arranged air outlets 34, which can divert the concentrated airflow axially. The airflow is evenly dispersed within the exhaust chamber 10, while the exhaust fan 39 inside the purification hood 37 operates. The exhaust fan 39 actively draws in air to create a stable negative pressure within the purification hood 37. This negative pressure acts on the exhaust vents 15 outside each filter chamber 11, creating a stable pressure gradient between the inside and outside of the filter chamber 11. Driven by the pressure difference, the dust-laden gas enters the filter chamber 11 from the exhaust chamber 10 through the inlet mesh 14 and is forced to pass through the filter element 12 for filtration and purification. The dust is intercepted inside the filter element 12 and then discharged into the purification hood 37 through the exhaust vent 15, and finally discharged through the exhaust port 38. At the same time, the internal space of the purification hood 37 also acts as a buffer for settling, further reducing the escape of fine dust.
[0039] When filter element 12 becomes clogged and needs replacement or repair, drive motor 42 is activated via control panel 43. Each time drive motor 42 is activated, the controller controls drive motor 42 to rotate filter housing 9 by N°, where N° = 360° / number of filter chambers 11. Angle sensor 41, mounted on the output shaft of drive motor 42, monitors the rotation angle in real time and feeds the signal back to the controller. When the controller recognizes that drive motor 42 has rotated by N°, drive motor 42 stops rotating. Since the fixed top seat 6 is fixed, drive motor 42 rotates filter housing 9 relative to fixed top seat 6 and sealing cover 28. Initially, it is easy to disassemble and inspect. The end cap 8 is installed inside the inspection port 7. The cover plate 18 completely blocks the inspection port 7. The mounting bolt 17 passes through the mounting hole 26 and is tightened in the threaded blind hole 23. The end of the mounting bolt 17 pushes the follower push rod 20 to slide along the follower sliding hole 25 towards the exhaust gas chamber 10. The follower push rod 20 passes through the sliding hole 27 on the inner side wall of the sealing member 19 and the fixed top seat 6 in sequence, and extends into the exhaust gas chamber 10. This pushes the self-closing sealing assembly 16 to slide away from the side wall of the exhaust gas chamber 10, so that the air inlet mesh 14 that was originally blocked by the self-closing sealing assembly 16 is fully exposed, so as to achieve smooth airflow between the exhaust gas chamber 10 and each filter chamber 11.When the filter housing 9 is rotated until the filter chamber 11 to be maintained is vertically aligned with the inspection port 7 on the fixed top seat 6, the alignment is completed. At this time, the operator uses tools to unscrew the fixing bolts 48 at the four corners of the cover plate 18 from the mounting screw holes 47 and the positioning through holes 46. Then, the operator uses tools to loosen and remove the mounting bolts 17 from the mounting holes 26 and the threaded blind holes 23. During this process, the mounting bolts 17 are pulled outward along the threaded blind holes 23, releasing the pushing force on the end of the follower push rod 20. Under the elastic restoring force of the tension spring 22, the pressure plate 21 drives the follower push rod 20 to slide along the follower sliding hole 25 away from the exhaust gas chamber 10 until the follower push rod 20 is completely retracted into the sealing member 19. At this time, the sealing slide 29, which was originally pushed open by the push rod, loses external force. Under the push of the sealing spring 31 and the push spring 36, the sealing slide 29 slides away from the axis of the exhaust gas chamber 10 along the guide slide rod 30. The sealing cover 28, which is fixed to the bottom of the sealing slide 29, moves outward synchronously. Its fan-shaped opening fits tightly against the side wall of the exhaust gas chamber 10, completely covering and shielding the air intake area 13 of the filter chamber 11 corresponding to the inspection port 7. This cuts off the airflow channel between the filter chamber 11 and the exhaust gas chamber 10, effectively preventing unfiltered dust from escaping from the air intake mesh 14 into the exhaust gas chamber 10 or the external environment during maintenance. At this time, the operator can safely open the maintenance end cover, pull out the old filter element 12, and... Since the filter chamber 11 to be inspected is not connected to the exhaust gas chamber 10 and is isolated by the sealing cover 28, the residual dust inside the exhaust gas chamber 10 will not escape. At the same time, the staff can insert the pulse nozzle into the filter chamber 11 to perform reverse pulse cleaning on the air inlet mesh 14 on the side wall of the filter chamber 11. The dust removed by cleaning falls into the sealing cover 28 for collection. After cleaning, a new filter element 12 is installed, and then the sealing part 19 is reinstalled into the inspection port 7. The mounting bolt 17 is passed through the mounting hole 26 and screwed into the sealing part 19 along the threaded blind hole 23. The end of the mounting bolt 17 pushes the follower push rod 20 to slide along the follower sliding hole 25 towards the exhaust gas chamber 10. The follower push rod 20 extends out. The sealing slide 29 is pushed forward, overcoming the elastic force of the sealing spring 31, and slides along the guide slide rod 30 towards the axis of the exhaust gas chamber 10. This causes the sealing cover 28 to move away from the side wall of the exhaust gas chamber 10, fully exposing the air inlet mesh 14 and restoring gas communication between the filter chamber 11 and the exhaust gas chamber 10. Then, the fixing bolts 48 at the four corners of the cover plate 18 are passed through the positioning through holes 46 and tightened into the mounting screw holes 47. This completes the maintenance of the corresponding filter chamber 11 and the replacement of the filter element 12. The entire process requires no machine shutdown, ensuring efficient and continuous operation of the coal preparation line while effectively preventing the leakage of dust-laden gas through purely mechanical interlocking, thus ensuring the safety of maintenance personnel.
[0040] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
[0041] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention.
[0042] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above. This description is not restrictive, and the accompanying drawings are only one embodiment of the present invention; the actual structure is not limited thereto. In conclusion, if those skilled in the art are inspired by this description and design similar structures and embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention, such designs should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A dust control device for coal preparation operations, comprising a mobile frame (1), a purification support (2), and an induced draft fan (3), wherein the upper end of the purification support (2) is provided with an induced draft chamber (4), and the induced draft fan (3) is installed inside the induced draft chamber (4), characterized in that: The upper end of the air intake chamber (4) is connected to a dust collection mechanism (5). A fixed top seat (6) with a ring-shaped arrangement is fixedly installed on the purification bracket (2). An inspection port (7) is opened through the fixed top seat (6). An easy-to-remove inspection end cover (8) is detachably provided inside the inspection port (7). A filter shell (9) is rotatably connected to the lower part of the fixed top seat (6). An exhaust gas chamber (10) is provided in the middle of the filter shell (9). The air intake chamber (4) is connected to the exhaust gas chamber (10). Multiple filter chambers (11) are evenly distributed around the circumference of the exhaust gas chamber (10) inside the filter shell (9). The inspection port (7) is located above the filter chamber (11). Each filter chamber (11) is filled with filter elements (12) that are adapted to the geometry of the filter chamber (11). The side wall of the filter element (12) is tightly fitted to the inner wall of the filter chamber (11). Each filter chamber (11) has an air inlet area (13) on its side wall. The air inlet area (13) is evenly provided with multiple air inlet mesh holes (14) that connect the filter chamber (11) and the exhaust gas chamber (10). The filter chamber (11) has an exhaust hole (15) on its outer side. A self-closing sealing assembly (16) is slidably provided below the fixed top seat (6). The self-closing sealing assembly (16) is located in the exhaust gas chamber (10). The self-closing sealing assembly (16) abuts against the easy-to-remove maintenance end cover (8).
2. The dust control device for coal preparation operations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The easily detachable maintenance end cover (8) includes mounting bolts (17), a cover plate (18), a sealing component (19), a follower push rod (20), a pressure plate (21), and a tension spring (22). The sealing component (19) is located on the bottom wall of the cover plate (18). A threaded blind hole (23) is provided on the side of the sealing component (19) away from the exhaust gas chamber (10). A follower sliding cavity (24) is provided in the sealing component (19) and is coaxially arranged with the threaded blind hole (23). A follower sliding hole (25) is provided in the follower sliding cavity (24) along the axial direction. One end of the follower sliding hole (25) is connected to the threaded blind hole (23), and the other end of the follower sliding hole (25) passes through the side of the sealing component (19) near the exhaust gas chamber (10). The pressure plate (21) is slidably disposed in the follower sliding cavity. (24) Inside, the middle part of the follower push rod (20) is fixedly inserted through the pressure plate (21). The follower push rod (20) is slidably disposed in the follower sliding hole (25). The tension spring (22) is disposed between the pressure plate (21) and the inner side wall of the follower sliding cavity (24) near the threaded blind hole (23). The outer side wall of the fixed top seat (6) is provided with an installation hole (26) communicating with the inspection port (7). The inner side wall of the fixed top seat (6) is provided with a sliding hole (27) communicating with the inspection port (7). The sliding hole (27) and the installation hole (26) are coaxially arranged. The installation bolt (17) passes through the installation hole (26) and is threadedly connected to the threaded blind hole (23). The end of the follower push rod (20) away from the exhaust gas chamber (10) abuts against the end of the installation bolt (17).
3. The dust control device for coal preparation operations according to claim 2, characterized in that: The self-closing sealing assembly (16) includes a sealing cover (28), a sealing slide (29), a guide slide (30), and a sealing spring (31). The guide slide (30) is fixedly installed on the inner side of the fixed top seat (6). Two guide slides (30) are symmetrically arranged. The sealing slide (29) is slidably connected to the two guide slides (30). The sealing cover (28) is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the sealing slide (29). The sealing cover (28) is slidably installed in the exhaust gas chamber (10). The sealing cover (28) is fan-shaped. The side of the sealing cover (28) near the filter chamber (11) is open. The outer arc length of the sealing cover (28) is greater than the inner arc length of the filter chamber (11). The sealing spring (31) is located between the inner side of the fixed top seat (6) and the sealing slide (29).
4. The dust control device for coal preparation operations according to claim 3, characterized in that: The air intake area (13) corresponds to the filter chamber (11) one by one. Each air intake area (13) controls the air intake of the corresponding filter chamber (11). The area of the air intake area (13) is smaller than the area of the opening side of the sealing cover (28).
5. A dust control device for coal preparation operations according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fixed top seat (6) has a flange (32) on the top of its inner wall. The air duct (4) is fixedly located on the upper end of the flange (32). The bottom end of the air duct (4) is connected to a diversion pipe (33). The diversion pipe (33) has multiple sets of air outlet holes (34) equidistantly arranged along the axial direction.
6. A dust control device for coal preparation operations according to claim 5, characterized in that: The middle part of the diversion pipe (33) is provided with a fixed ring (35), which is installed axially offset from the air outlet (34). A push spring (36) is provided between the fixed ring (35) and the sealing cover (28), and the push spring (36) pushes the sealing cover (28) to slide towards the inner wall of the exhaust gas chamber (10).
7. A dust control device for coal preparation operations according to claim 6, characterized in that: The filter housing (9) is covered with a purification hood (37), which is fixed between the fixed top seat (6) and the bottom wall of the purification bracket (2). The side wall of the purification hood (37) is provided with an exhaust port (38), and an exhaust fan (39) is provided inside the exhaust port (38).
8. A dust control device for coal preparation operations according to claim 7, characterized in that: The mobile frame (1) is provided with a rotation drive (40) for driving the filter shell (9) to rotate. The rotation drive (40) includes an angle sensor (41) and a drive motor (42). The drive motor (42) is located at the bottom of the purification bracket (2). The output shaft of the drive motor (42) passes through the bottom wall of the purification bracket (2) and is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the filter shell (9). The angle sensor (41) is located between the output shaft of the drive motor (42) and the bottom wall of the purification bracket (2). The purification bracket is provided with a control panel (43). The control panel (43) contains a controller. The controller is electrically connected to the angle sensor (41) and the drive motor (42) respectively.
9. A dust control device for coal preparation operations according to claim 8, characterized in that: The filter shell (9) is a cylindrical cavity with an open top and a closed bottom. The filter cavity (11) is a fan-shaped cavity with an open top. The area and shape of the cross-section of the inspection port (7) are the same as those of the cross-section of the filter cavity (11).
10. A dust control device for coal preparation operations according to claim 9, characterized in that: The vacuuming mechanism (5) includes a universal flexible suction arm (44) and a vacuum hood (45). One end of the universal flexible suction arm (44) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the air intake chamber (4), and the vacuum hood (45) is connected to the other end of the universal flexible suction arm (44). The vacuum hood (45) is arranged in a trumpet shape.