Negative pressure dust collection and coal slime recovery integrated treatment system

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of negative pressure dust collection and coal slime recovery integrated treatment system, including dust collection device, coal slime suction device, condensation separation device, solid-liquid separation device, circulating liquid supply device and exhaust device, the dust collection outlet of dust collection device is communicated with the gas inlet of condensation separation device, the mixed pulp outlet of coal slime suction device is communicated with the pulp inlet of condensation separation device, condensation separation device is equipped with condensation processing area and atomization spray component, the feed end of solid-liquid separation device is communicated with the pulp discharge port of condensation separation device, the liquid inlet of circulating liquid supply device is communicated with the liquid outlet of solid-liquid separation device, the liquid outlet of circulating liquid supply device is communicated with the liquid inlet of atomization spray component and is communicated with power liquid inlet.The negative pressure dust collection and coal slime recovery integrated treatment system of the present application, utilize coal slime slurry to participate in dust-containing gas purification, can reduce fresh water consumption and coal slime water discharge capacity, reduce coal resource loss, simplify system configuration and reduce comprehensive energy consumption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal conveying corridor technology, specifically to an integrated system for negative pressure dust collection and coal slime recovery. Background Technology

[0002] Coal-fired power plants, coal chemical enterprises, mines, and other similar facilities typically have enclosed coal conveyor corridors for transporting coal. Belt conveyors easily generate dust during coal transfer, unloading, reloading, and return journeys, especially at coal drop points, feed chutes, and reloading points, where coal dust can easily spread and accumulate within the corridor. The relatively enclosed space of these corridors means that suspended coal dust not only affects the working environment and occupational health of inspection personnel but also poses a risk of combustion and explosion when dust concentrations reach certain levels. To maintain the cleanliness of the corridor environment, the corridor floor is usually washed; however, the wash water carries fine coal dust, forming coal slurry. Direct discharge of this coal slurry not only results in the loss of coal resources but may also cause secondary pollution.

[0003] In related technologies, the dust removal and coal slime treatment system for enclosed coal conveying corridors has the following technical shortcomings: 1) Coal slurry water formed by surface washing is usually pumped over long distances by slurry pumps. Due to the viscous and sandy nature of coal slurry, the impeller and seals of the slurry pump are prone to blockage and wear failure, resulting in a high system failure rate and a large amount of maintenance and repair work.

[0004] 2) Most existing dust collection pipe networks in the corridor use air inlets with fixed openings, which cannot be dynamically adjusted according to the instantaneous dust volume at different material drop points on the belt conveyor. This can easily lead to over-suction in empty sections or insufficient suction in heavy-load sections, making it difficult to maintain a stable micro-negative pressure state in the corridor and affecting the dust collection effect.

[0005] 3) For coal slurry generated by wet dust removal or washing, traditional sedimentation tanks or plate and frame filter presses have long dewatering cycles and occupy a large area. Moreover, the dewatered coal slurry cakes are mostly large and viscous. When directly mixed back into the coal conveyor belt, they are very easy to adhere to the feed chute and rollers, causing blockage and deviation problems in the conveying system. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in the related art.

[0007] Therefore, embodiments of the present invention propose an integrated negative pressure dust collection and coal slime recovery system, including a dust collection device, a coal slime suction device, a condensation and separation device, a solid-liquid separation device, a circulating liquid supply device, and an exhaust device. The dust collection device has a dust collection inlet and a dust collection outlet. The dust collection inlet is used to collect dust-laden gas in the coal conveying corridor. The coal slime suction device has a coal slime suction inlet, a power hydraulic inlet, and a slurry mixing outlet. The condensation and separation device has an air inlet, a slurry inlet, an exhaust outlet, and a slurry discharge outlet. The dust collection outlet is connected to the air inlet, and the slurry mixing outlet is connected to the slurry inlet. The condensation and separation device includes a condensation treatment zone and an atomizing spray system. The components include a condensation treatment zone for contacting dust-laden gas with coal slurry, an atomizing spray assembly located in the condensation treatment zone, a solid-liquid separation device whose feed end is connected to the slurry discharge port, a solid-liquid separation device having a liquid outlet and a gas outlet, a circulating liquid supply device whose inlet end is connected to the liquid outlet, a circulating liquid supply device whose outlet end is connected to the liquid inlet end of the atomizing spray assembly and connected to the power fluid inlet, and an exhaust device connected to the exhaust port of the condensation separation device and the gas outlet of the solid-liquid separation device, respectively, to form a negative pressure flow path for the dust collection device, the condensation separation device, and the solid-liquid separation device.

[0008] The integrated negative pressure dust collection and coal slime recovery system of this invention utilizes coal slime slurry to purify dust-laden gas and reuses the liquid after solid-liquid separation for coagulation treatment and coal slime extraction. On the one hand, it can reduce the amount of fresh water replenishment and coal slime water discharge, thereby reducing coal resource loss; on the other hand, the exhaust device simultaneously serves the dust collection, coagulation separation, and solid-liquid separation processes, which helps to reduce the need for independent negative pressure equipment, simplify system configuration, and reduce overall energy consumption.

[0009] In some embodiments, the dust collection device includes a dust collection pipe network, multiple negative pressure dust collection hoods, and an air volume regulating component. The negative pressure dust collection hoods are installed in the coal conveying corridor and form the dust collection air inlet. The multiple negative pressure dust collection hoods are connected to the inlet of the dust collection pipe network, and the outlet of the dust collection pipe network forms the dust collection air outlet and is connected to the air inlet of the condensation and separation device. An air volume regulating component is provided between the negative pressure dust collection hoods and the dust collection pipe network.

[0010] In some embodiments, the coal slurry suction device includes a coal slurry receiving component and a jet suction device. The coal slurry receiving component includes a guide channel and a slurry trap. The guide channel is disposed within the coal conveying corridor and is connected to the slurry trap. The outlet of the slurry trap is connected to the coal slurry intake port of the jet suction device. The jet suction device is driven by a power fluid entering through the power fluid inlet, and the outlet end of the jet suction device constitutes the slurry outlet.

[0011] In some embodiments, the condensation separation device includes a condensation separation tower, wherein a cyclone separation zone, an atomization condensation zone, and a settling zone are sequentially arranged in the condensation separation tower along the flow direction of the dust-laden gas. The cyclone separation zone is connected to the air inlet, the atomization condensation zone constitutes the condensation treatment zone, and the settling zone is connected to the slurry discharge port.

[0012] In some embodiments, the coagulation separation tower is provided with a coal slurry dispersion component, which is connected to the mixing outlet of the coal slurry suction device, and is used to disperse the coal slurry into the atomization coagulation zone.

[0013] In some embodiments, the inlet side of the cyclone separation zone is provided with a tangential guide to form a cyclone in the dust-laden gas entering the cyclone separation zone; and / or, the settling zone is provided with a plurality of inverted conical baffles arranged vertically and vertically, and the edge of each layer of inverted conical baffles is folded downward to form a liquid collection ring groove.

[0014] In some embodiments, the solid-liquid separation device includes a negative pressure filtration and dewatering component and a gas-liquid separation component. The feed end of the negative pressure filtration and dewatering component is connected to the slurry discharge port, and the discharge end of the negative pressure filtration and dewatering component is connected to the gas-liquid separation component. The gas-liquid separation component is provided with a liquid outlet and a gas outlet. The liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separation component constitutes the liquid outlet of the solid-liquid separation device, and the gas outlet of the gas-liquid separation component constitutes the gas outlet of the solid-liquid separation device.

[0015] In some embodiments, the negative pressure filtration and dewatering component is a vacuum drum filter. The vacuum drum filter is provided with a filter cloth layer and a solid material unloading section. The discharge side of the solid material unloading section is provided with a closed conveying component, which is used to transport the dewatered coal slime to the re-blending treatment position.

[0016] In some embodiments, the exhaust device includes a demister and an explosion-proof negative pressure fan. The demister is disposed between the exhaust port of the condensation separation device and the explosion-proof negative pressure fan, and the gas outlet of the solid-liquid separation device is connected to the air inlet side of the explosion-proof negative pressure fan. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the integrated negative pressure dust collection and coal slime recovery system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the dust collection device in a coal conveying corridor according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dust collection device and coal slime suction device in the coal conveying corridor according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the condensation separation tower according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the condensation separation tower according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the upper part of the condensation separation tower according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection of the circulating liquid supply device, solid-liquid separation device, sealed conveying component, and dual rotor crusher according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure label: 100. Processing system; 1. Coal slime suction device; 11. Coal slime receiving component; 111. Guide channel; 112. Slime hopper; 113. Ceramic grating plate; 12. Jet suction device. 2. Dust collection device; 21. Dust suction pipe network; 22. Negative pressure dust suction hood; 23. Air volume regulating component; 24. Explosion-proof valve; 25. Pulse-type compressed air backflushing device. 3. Coagulation and separation device; 31. Coagulation and separation tower; 311. Cyclone separation zone; 312. Atomizing and coagulating zone; 313. Settling zone; 32. Atomizing spray assembly; 33. Coal slurry dispersion assembly; 331. Cyclone distributor; 332. Porous cyclone spreading disc; 34. Tangential guide; 35. High-pressure flushing ring pipe; 36. Radar level gauge interface; 37. Inverted conical baffle. 4. Solid-liquid separation device; 41. Negative pressure filtration and dehydration component; 411. Filter cloth layer; 42. Gas-liquid separation component; 5. Exhaust system; 51. Demister; 52. Explosion-proof negative pressure fan; 53. High-precision humidity sensor; 54. Online oxygen concentration monitor. 6. Enclosed conveyor components; 7. Circulating liquid supply device; 8. Twin rotor crusher; 200. Coal conveying corridor. Detailed Implementation

[0019] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0020] The following describes in detail, with reference to the accompanying drawings, an integrated negative pressure dust collection and coal slime recycling system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] like Figures 1 to 7As shown, the integrated negative pressure dust collection and coal slurry recovery system 100 of this invention includes a dust collection device 2, a coal slurry suction device 1, a condensation and separation device 3, a solid-liquid separation device 4, a circulating liquid supply device 7, and an exhaust device 5. The dust collection device 2 has a dust collection inlet and a dust collection outlet. The dust collection inlet is used to collect dust-laden gas in the coal conveying corridor. The coal slurry suction device 1 has a coal slurry suction inlet, a power hydraulic inlet, and a slurry mixing outlet. The condensation and separation device 3 has an air inlet, a slurry inlet, an exhaust outlet, and a slurry discharge outlet. The dust collection outlet is connected to the air inlet, and the slurry mixing outlet is connected to the slurry inlet. The condensation and separation device 3 has a condensation treatment zone and an atomizing spray assembly 32. The condensation treatment zone is used to contact the dust-laden gas with the coal slurry, and the atomizing spray assembly 32 is... In the coagulation treatment zone, the feed end of the solid-liquid separation device 4 is connected to the discharge port. The solid-liquid separation device 4 is provided with a liquid outlet and a gas outlet. The inlet end of the circulating liquid supply device 7 is connected to the liquid outlet. The outlet end of the circulating liquid supply device 7 is connected to the inlet end of the atomizing spray assembly 32 and is connected to the power liquid inlet. The exhaust device 5 is connected to the exhaust port of the coagulation separation device 3 and the gas outlet of the solid-liquid separation device 4 respectively, so as to form a negative pressure flow path for the dust collection device 2, the coagulation separation device 3 and the solid-liquid separation device 4.

[0022] When the exhaust device 5 is working, a negative pressure is formed in the dust collection device 2, the condensation separation device 3, and the solid-liquid separation device 4, causing the dust-laden gas in the coal conveying corridor to enter the dust collection device 2 through the dust collection inlet and then enter the condensation separation device 3 through the dust collection outlet. The coal slurry water generated from the washing or cleaning of the coal conveying corridor is extracted by the coal slurry suction device 1, and under the drive and mixing action of the power hydraulic fluid, it forms coal slurry, which enters the condensation treatment zone of the condensation separation device 3 through the slurry mixing outlet and the slurry inlet.

[0023] Within the coagulation treatment zone, dust-laden gas comes into contact with coal slurry. Fine coal dust, which is normally easily suspended and diffused by the airflow, becomes wetted upon contact with droplets and coal slurry particles, adhering to the surface of these particles, droplets, or other wetted dust particles, thus forming larger and higher-quality wet coal slurry agglomerates. These wet coal slurry agglomerates are more easily settled and retained within the coagulation separation unit 3 and discharged through the slurry outlet.

[0024] The coal slurry discharged from the coagulation and separation device 3 enters the solid-liquid separation device 4, which separates the coal slurry into solid and liquid components. The solid-liquid separation device 4 then discharges the liquid and gas separately. The liquid enters the circulating liquid supply device 7 through the liquid outlet and is then transported again to the atomizing spray assembly 32 and the power fluid inlet of the coal slurry suction device 1. Thus, the circulating liquid is used to form droplets in the coagulation treatment zone and also serves as the power fluid for the coal slurry suction device 1, reducing both the consumption of fresh water and the amount of coal slurry water discharged.

[0025] Therefore, the integrated negative pressure dust collection and coal slime recovery system of this invention utilizes coal slime slurry to participate in the purification of dust-laden gas, and reuses the liquid after solid-liquid separation for coagulation treatment and coal slime extraction. On the one hand, it can reduce the amount of fresh water replenishment and coal slime water discharge, thereby reducing the loss of coal resources; on the other hand, the exhaust device 5 simultaneously serves the dust collection, coagulation separation, and solid-liquid separation processes, which helps to reduce the need for independent negative pressure equipment, simplify system configuration, and reduce overall energy consumption.

[0026] In some embodiments, the dust collection device 2 includes a dust collection pipe network 21, a plurality of negative pressure dust collection hoods 22, and an air volume regulating component 23. The negative pressure dust collection hoods 22 are installed in the coal conveying corridor 200 and form a dust collection air inlet. The plurality of negative pressure dust collection hoods 22 are connected to the inlet of the dust collection pipe network 21. The outlet of the dust collection pipe network 21 forms a dust collection air outlet and is connected to the air inlet of the condensation and separation device 3. An air volume regulating component 23 is provided between the negative pressure dust collection hoods 22 and the dust collection pipe network 21.

[0027] The dust levels in different areas within the coal conveying corridor 200 typically vary. For example, coal dust may be generated at transfer points, coal drop points, feed chute areas, and belt return areas, but the coal flow rate, drop height, belt speed, sealing condition, and airflow disturbance differ at each location, resulting in different dust collection requirements. Multiple negative pressure dust collection hoods 22 are installed at different dust-generating locations within the coal conveying corridor, enabling coal dust to be drawn and collected in its early stages of generation or diffusion, reducing further diffusion of coal dust within the corridor.

[0028] The airflow regulating component 23 is located between the negative pressure dust collection hood 22 and the dust collection pipe network 21, and can adjust the airflow of each branch of the negative pressure dust collection hood 22. When the coal dust concentration or coal flow rate is high at a certain location, the opening of the corresponding airflow regulating component 23 can be increased, so that more airflow is concentrated in that area; when there is less dust at a certain location, the opening of the corresponding airflow regulating component 23 can be decreased. This avoids the problems of insufficient local exhaust or excessive ineffective exhaust volume caused by fixed airflow distribution.

[0029] Multiple negative pressure dust collection hoods 22 are connected to the inlet of the dust collection network 21, allowing dust-laden gas generated at various dust-generating locations to be centrally transported to the condensation and separation device 3 for treatment via the dust collection network 21. Thus, the dust collection device 2 can improve the dust collection capacity at high dust-generating locations, reduce the coal dust concentration in the coal conveying corridor, and simultaneously prevent the exhaust device 5 from operating at excessively high airflow for extended periods, thereby reducing system energy consumption.

[0030] Specifically, multiple negative pressure dust collection hoods 22 are respectively installed at coal transfer points, coal drop points, feed chute areas, belt return areas, near screening equipment, near crushing equipment, or other locations prone to coal dust generation. The opening of the negative pressure dust collection hood 22 can face the direction of dust generation or the direction of coal dust diffusion to improve the collection efficiency of dust-laden gas.

[0031] The vacuum pipe network 21 includes multiple vacuum branch pipes, a main collection pipe, and connecting pipes. Each negative pressure vacuum hood 22 can be connected to the main collection pipe through its corresponding vacuum branch pipe, and the outlet of the main collection pipe forms a dust collection and air outlet. The vacuum pipe network 21 can be made of wear-resistant metal pipe, composite wear-resistant pipe, or pipe lined with wear-resistant material.

[0032] The airflow regulating component 23 is preferably an electrically operated louvered regulating valve. The electrically operated louvered regulating valve can adjust the blade angle according to a control signal, thereby changing the flow area of ​​the branch. The airflow regulating component 23 can also be an electrically operated butterfly valve, an electrically operated slide gate valve, a damper, or other components with airflow regulating functions.

[0033] In the dust collection device 2, an explosion-proof valve 24 and a pulse-type compressed air backflushing device 25 are sequentially installed inside the dust collection pipe network 21 along the airflow direction. The explosion-proof valve 24 is used to cut off the airflow path when an abnormal pressure rise or deflagration occurs in the dust collection pipe network 21, so as to reduce the risk of flame or deflagration pressure propagating to the condensation and separation device 3. The pulse-type compressed air backflushing device 25 is used to inject pulsed compressed air into the dust collection pipe network 21 to remove the dust adhering to the inner wall of the pipe network and reduce the risk of pipe network blockage.

[0034] In some embodiments, the negative pressure dust collection hood 22 is equipped with an airflow detection device, a pressure detection device, or a dust concentration detection device, thereby providing a detection basis for the linkage control of the airflow regulator 23 and the exhaust device 5.

[0035] In some embodiments, the coal slurry suction device 1 includes a coal slurry receiving assembly 11 and a jet suction device 12. The coal slurry receiving assembly 11 includes a guide channel 111 and a slurry trap 112. The guide channel 111 is installed in the coal conveying corridor and is connected to the slurry trap 112. The discharge port of the slurry trap 112 is connected to the coal slurry suction port of the jet suction device 12. The jet suction device 12 is driven by a power fluid that enters through the power fluid inlet, and the discharge end of the jet suction device 12 constitutes a slurry outlet.

[0036] Washing water, seepage water, and adhering coal dust on the surface of the coal conveying corridor mix to form coal slurry. Coal slurry is generally characterized by high solids content, high viscosity, and the presence of coal particles, sand, and other impurities. The guide channel 111 guides the dispersed coal slurry on the surface of the coal conveying corridor to the mud-collecting hopper 112 for centralized collection. The outlet of the mud-collecting hopper 112 is connected to the coal slurry intake of the jet suction device 12. After the motive fluid enters the jet suction device 12 through the motive fluid inlet, a high-speed jet and a local low-pressure zone are formed within the jet suction device 12. The local low-pressure zone exerts a suction effect on the coal slurry in the mud-collecting hopper 112, causing the coal slurry to enter the jet suction device 12 and mix with the motive fluid.

[0037] After the coal slurry is mixed with the motive fluid, it forms a coal slurry, which is discharged from the discharge end of the jet suction device 12, which constitutes the slurry outlet. Since the jet suction device 12 mainly utilizes the high-speed jet of the motive fluid for suction, it does not rely on an impeller to directly transport high-concentration coal slurry, thus reducing the wear, clogging, and maintenance frequency of mechanically pumped coal slurry. The motive fluid can also reduce the viscosity of the coal slurry and improve its fluidity, making it easier for the coal slurry to enter the coagulation and separation device 3.

[0038] Specifically, the diversion channel 111 is installed on the ground of the coal conveying corridor, under the belt conveyor, or in areas prone to water and mud accumulation. The diversion channel 111 is arranged along the slope of the ground and is connected to the mud trap 112, so that the coal slurry water can flow into the mud trap 112 under the action of gravity.

[0039] In some embodiments, the guide channel 111 is a V-shaped guide channel 111. The V-shaped guide channel 111 can cause the coal slurry water to collect at the bottom of the channel, reducing the probability of large-area stagnation of the coal slurry water in the guide channel 111. A ceramic grating plate 113 is provided at the bottom of the guide channel 111. The ceramic grating plate 113 can intercept large pieces of coal, stones and other debris, and has good wear resistance.

[0040] In some embodiments, a dual-stage filter basket is preferably provided inside the mud trap 112. The dual-stage filter basket can filter impurities in the coal slurry water in stages. The first-stage filter basket can intercept larger impurities, and the second-stage filter basket can intercept smaller impurities, thereby reducing the probability of impurities entering the jet suction device 12. Both the first-stage and second-stage filter baskets are removable; when excessive impurities accumulate on either basket, they can be removed for cleaning.

[0041] The jet suction device 12 is preferably a Venturi jet generator. After the motive fluid is injected at high speed through the nozzle, a negative pressure suction zone is formed at the Venturi throat, thereby suctioning coal slurry water. The throat section of the jet suction device 12 can be equipped with a hard alloy wear-resistant bushing to improve the wear resistance life under high-speed coal slurry scouring conditions.

[0042] In some embodiments, the coal slime suction device 1 may be equipped with a filter, a shut-off valve, a pressure gauge, and a flow meter on the front side of the power fluid inlet. The filter is used to reduce impurities entering the jet suction device 12, and the pressure gauge and flow meter are used to monitor the power fluid pressure and flow rate to ensure the suction capacity of the jet suction device 12.

[0043] In some embodiments, the condensation separation device 3 includes a condensation separation tower 31. The condensation separation tower 31 is provided with a cyclone separation zone 311, an atomization condensation zone 312 and a settling zone 313 in sequence along the flow direction of the dust-laden gas. The cyclone separation zone 311 is connected to the air inlet, the atomization condensation zone 312 constitutes a condensation treatment zone, and the settling zone 313 is connected to the slurry discharge port.

[0044] Dust-laden gas typically contains both large-diameter coal dust particles and small-diameter fine coal dust particles. Large-diameter coal dust particles have greater inertia and are suitable for pre-separation under swirling action; fine coal dust particles have less inertia and are difficult to remove by gravity settling alone, and are suitable for treatment through droplet wetting, coal slime particle adhesion, and agglomeration; the resulting wet coal slime particles and droplets are suitable for collection and discharge through settling zone 313.

[0045] The condensation and separation tower 31 is equipped with a cyclone separation zone 311, an atomization and condensation zone 312, and a settling zone 313 arranged sequentially along the flow direction of the dust-laden gas, forming a staged treatment process. The dust-laden gas first enters the cyclone separation zone 311, where centrifugal force throws coarse coal dust particles with a diameter greater than 50μm toward the tower wall, where they are captured by the water film flowing down the tower wall. The gas then enters the atomization and condensation zone 312, where coal slurry from the mud trap 112 is evenly rotated and sprayed through the porous cyclone spreading disc 332, forming a dense liquid-solid curtain. Fine dust particles <10μm are wetted when passing through the curtain and rapidly agglomerate and grow using coal slurry particles as agglomeration nuclei. The agglomerates enter the settling zone 313, settle downwards, and are discharged from the slurry outlet.

[0046] Therefore, the coagulation separation tower 31 can adopt different treatment methods for coal dust of different particle sizes. The cyclone separation zone 311 reduces the coarse particle load of the subsequent atomization coagulation zone 312, the atomization coagulation zone 312 improves the separability of fine coal dust, and the settling zone 313 realizes the collection and discharge of coal slurry and agglomerates, which is conducive to improving the overall dust removal stability and coal slurry recovery efficiency.

[0047] The condensation separation tower 31 is preferably a vertical tower. The cyclone separation zone 311 is located on the air inlet side or upper region of the condensation separation tower 31, the atomization condensation zone 312 is located in the middle of the condensation separation tower 31, and the settling zone 313 is located at the lower part of the condensation separation tower 31. The air inlet communicates with the cyclone separation zone 311, and the slurry discharge port is located at the bottom of the settling zone 313 or near the bottom of the condensation separation tower 31.

[0048] A water film can be formed on the inner wall of the condensation separation tower 31. Coarse coal dust particles thrown towards the tower wall in the cyclone separation zone 311 can be wetted and captured by the water film, and flow along the tower wall to the settling zone 313 under the action of gravity. The water film can be formed by part of the spray liquid of the atomizing spray assembly 32, or it can be formed by a separate wall spray structure.

[0049] The settling zone 313 can form a slurry collection space that is larger at the bottom and smaller at the top, or it can be equipped with an inclined guide surface so that coal slurry, droplets and wet coal slurry agglomerates can be collected towards the discharge port.

[0050] In some embodiments, the atomizing spray assembly 32 is disposed within the atomizing coagulation zone 312, and the atomizing spray assembly 32 is connected to the liquid outlet of the circulating liquid supply device 7. The coagulation separation tower 31 is provided with a coal slurry dispersion assembly 33, which is connected to the mixing outlet of the coal slurry suction device 1, and is used to disperse the coal slurry into the atomizing coagulation zone 312.

[0051] The atomizing spray assembly 32 disperses the circulating liquid supplied by the circulating liquid supply device 7 into smaller droplets. With reduced droplet size, the surface area formed per unit volume of liquid increases, thus increasing the contact area between the liquid and the dust-laden gas. Fine coal dust is easily wetted after colliding with the atomized droplets in the airflow.

[0052] The coal slurry dispersion component 33 disperses the coal slurry conveyed by the coal slurry suction device 1 into the atomization and agglomeration zone 312. The coal slurry contains coal slurry particles, which can serve as a carrier for the adhesion, agglomeration, and growth of fine coal dust. When fine coal dust, wetted by droplets, encounters coal slurry particles, it can adhere to the surface of the coal slurry particles or aggregate with other wetted dust particles to form larger wet coal slurry agglomerates.

[0053] The atomizing spray assembly 32 and the coal slurry dispersion assembly 33 work together within the atomizing and agglomeration zone 312: the atomizing spray assembly 32 mainly provides the dispersion and wetting conditions for the droplets, while the coal slurry dispersion assembly 33 mainly provides a carrier for coal slurry particles with a certain mass and particle size. Both components increase the contact probability between fine coal dust and droplets / coal slurry particles, transforming the fine coal dust from a difficult-to-settle state into easily settleable and easily retained wet coal slurry agglomerates.

[0054] Specifically, the atomizing spray assembly 32 includes an atomizing nozzle holder and multiple atomizing nozzles. The atomizing nozzle holder can be located at the upper, middle, or side of the atomizing and condensing zone 312, and the multiple atomizing nozzles can spray circulating liquid toward the flow path of the dust-laden gas. The atomizing nozzles can be pressure atomizing nozzles, swirling atomizing nozzles, dual-fluid atomizing nozzles, or other nozzle structures suitable for generating small droplets.

[0055] Specifically, the coal slurry dispersion component 33 includes a cyclone distributor 331 and a porous cyclone spreading disc 332. After entering the cyclone distributor 331 from the mixing outlet, the coal slurry enters the porous cyclone spreading disc 332 under the action of cyclone. The porous cyclone spreading disc 332 disperses the coal slurry in the circumferential and radial directions to form a liquid-solid curtain, a dispersed coal slurry particle zone, or a high-concentration droplet zone.

[0056] Specifically, the atomizing spray assembly 32 and the coal slurry dispersion assembly 33 can be spaced apart in the height direction or staggered in the radial direction to increase the contact path between the atomized droplets, coal slurry particles and the dust-laden gas. The spray direction of the atomizing nozzles can be opposite to, intersect with or be in the same direction as the flow direction of the dust-laden gas.

[0057] High-pressure flushing ring pipes 35 are installed around the top and middle of the inner wall of the condensation separation tower 31. An online glass sight glass and radar level gauge interface 36 are provided on the side wall of the condensation separation tower 31, above the settling zone 313. The radar level gauge interface 36 is used to install a radar level gauge, which monitors the coal sludge accumulation height at the bottom of the tower. When the coal sludge accumulation height reaches the set value, sludge discharge is initiated. When the tower is shut down or the pressure difference is too large, the high-pressure flushing ring pipes 35 automatically spray high-pressure water to remove the coal sludge adhering to the inner wall and baffles.

[0058] The upper part of the condensation separation tower 31 is provided with an exhaust port, which is connected to the air inlet side of the demister 51. The gas after cyclone separation, atomization condensation and sedimentation is discharged through the exhaust port and enters the demister 51.

[0059] In some embodiments, the swirling separation zone 311 is provided with a tangential guide 34 on the air inlet side so that the dust-laden gas entering the swirling separation zone 311 forms a swirling flow; and / or, the settling zone 313 is provided with a plurality of inverted conical baffles 37 arranged vertically and horizontally, and the edge of each layer of the inverted conical baffles 37 is folded downward to form a liquid collection ring groove.

[0060] When a tangential guide element 34 is installed on the inlet side of the cyclone separation zone 311, the dust-laden gas enters the cyclone separation zone 311 and forms a cyclone under the guidance of the tangential guide element 34. Large-diameter coal dust particles have greater inertia and are subject to centrifugal force during the cyclone process, making them more likely to move towards the inner wall of the condensation separation tower 31. Coal dust particles near the tower wall can be captured by a water film or fall into the settling zone 313 under gravity.

[0061] By forming a vortex through the tangential guide 34, a portion of the coarse coal dust particles can be removed before the dust-laden gas enters the atomization and agglomeration zone 312, reducing the processing load of the atomization and agglomeration zone 312 and reducing the impact of a large amount of coarse coal dust on the atomization spray assembly 32 and the coal slurry dispersion assembly 33.

[0062] The airflow containing droplets and wet coal slime agglomerates needs to change direction multiple times when passing through the inverted conical baffle 37. Due to their large inertia, the droplets and wet coal slime agglomerates are not easy to completely follow the airflow and change direction synchronously, thus easily colliding with the inverted conical baffle 37 and being trapped. The trapped droplets and coal slime can collect in the lower part of the settling zone 313 under the action of gravity. The inverted conical baffle 37 can reduce the possibility of wet coal slime particles and droplets entering the exhaust port with the airflow, thereby reducing droplet entrainment and improving the stability of the subsequent demister 51 and explosion-proof negative pressure fan 52.

[0063] The tangential guide 34, atomizing spray assembly 32, coal slurry dispersion assembly 33, and inverted conical baffle 37 together form a continuous treatment process of swirling coarse particle pre-separation, atomized coal slurry coagulation, baffle interception, and sedimentation discharge, which is conducive to further improving the comprehensive removal effect of coal dust and droplets of different particle sizes.

[0064] Specifically, the tangential guide element 34 includes a tangential guide blade assembly. The blades of the tangential guide blade assembly can be arranged circumferentially along the inner wall of the condensation separation tower 31, and the blade angle of the tangential guide blade assembly can be steplessly adjusted between 15° and 45°.

[0065] Specifically, airflow channels are maintained between each inverted conical baffle, allowing airflow to pass through in sequence. The edges of the inverted conical baffles can be folded downwards to form a liquid collecting ring groove. After droplets or wet coal slurry particles collide with the inverted conical baffle 37, they can collect in the liquid collecting ring groove and flow downwards along the surface of the inverted conical baffle 37.

[0066] In some embodiments, the solid-liquid separation device 4 includes a negative pressure filtration and dewatering component 41 and a gas-liquid separator 42. The feed end of the negative pressure filtration and dewatering component 41 is connected to the discharge port, and the discharge end of the negative pressure filtration and dewatering component 41 is connected to the gas-liquid separator 42. The gas-liquid separator 42 is provided with a liquid outlet and a gas outlet. The liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator 42 constitutes the liquid outlet of the solid-liquid separation device 4, and the gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator 42 constitutes the gas outlet of the solid-liquid separation device 4.

[0067] After the coal slurry discharged from the coagulation and separation device 3 enters the negative pressure filtration and dewatering unit 41, under the action of negative pressure filtration, the coal slurry solids are intercepted by the filter cloth layer and form dewatered coal slurry. The mixture of filtrate and gas formed by the suction gas enters the gas-liquid separator 42 through the discharge end of the negative pressure filtration and dewatering unit 41. Specifically, when the negative pressure filtration and dewatering unit 41 is a vacuum drum filter, the discharge end can be the negative pressure output end of the hollow shaft of the vacuum drum filter. The gas-liquid separator 42 separates the gas-liquid mixture. The separated liquid enters the circulating liquid supply device 7 through the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator 42, and the separated gas enters the exhaust device 5 through the gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator 42.

[0068] Thus, the negative pressure filtration and dehydration component 41 and the exhaust device 5 form a mutually supportive negative pressure treatment relationship. The exhaust device 5 not only helps the dust collection device 2 and the condensation and separation device 3 generate negative pressure, but also creates a suction effect on the negative pressure filtration and dehydration component 41. After the gas-liquid separator 42 separates the liquid and gas, it can reduce the possibility of circulating liquid entering the exhaust device 5 and gas entering the circulating liquid supply device 7, thereby improving the stability of the circulating liquid supply and exhaust operation.

[0069] Specifically, the feed end of the negative pressure filtration and dewatering component 41 is connected to the discharge port of the coagulation and separation device 3 via a slurry discharge pipeline. A slurry discharge valve, flow meter, pressure detection device, and inspection port can be installed on the slurry discharge pipeline. Coal slurry enters the negative pressure filtration and dewatering component 41 under the action of gravity, pumping, or the auxiliary negative pressure of the system.

[0070] Specifically, the gas-liquid separator 42 is preferably a gas-liquid separation buffer tank. The lower part of the gas-liquid separation buffer tank can form a liquid buffer zone, and the upper part can form a gas buffer zone. The liquid entering the gas-liquid separation buffer tank collects downward under the action of gravity, and the gas is discharged upward. The liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator 42 is connected to the circulating liquid supply device 7, and the gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator 42 is connected to the air inlet side of the explosion-proof negative pressure fan 52.

[0071] In some embodiments, the negative pressure filtration and dewatering component 41 is a vacuum drum filter. The vacuum drum filter is provided with a filter cloth layer 411 and a solid material unloading section. The discharge side of the solid material unloading section is provided with a closed conveying component 6, which is used to transport the dewatered coal slime to the remixing treatment position.

[0072] The vacuum drum filter achieves continuous dewatering of coal slurry through drum rotation and negative pressure filtration. When the coal slurry comes into contact with the filter cloth layer 411, under the action of vacuum negative pressure, the liquid can penetrate the filter cloth layer 411 and be extracted, while the solid particles of coal slurry remain on the surface of the filter cloth layer 411 to form a filter cake. As the drum rotates, the filter cake is conveyed to the solid material unloading section and unloaded.

[0073] Vacuum drum filters feature continuous feeding, continuous filtration, and continuous unloading, making them suitable for treating coal slurry continuously generated in coal conveying corridors. After dewatering to form filter cakes, the coal slurry has reduced moisture content and volume, making it easier to transport and allowing it to be reused as a recyclable coal-containing material.

[0074] A closed conveyor 6 is installed on the discharge side of the solid material unloading section, allowing the dewatered coal slime to be transported to the re-blending treatment location in a relatively closed state. This structure can reduce spillage, leakage, and secondary dust during the coal slime transfer process, and can re-blend coal slime that might otherwise need to be transported off-site for disposal back into the coal flow, which helps to reduce coal resource loss.

[0075] Specifically, the enclosed conveyor 6 is preferably an enclosed spiral buffer feeder. The enclosed spiral buffer feeder can temporarily store, uniformly feed, and enclose the dewatered coal slime. A dual-rotor crusher can be installed on the discharge side of the enclosed conveyor 6. The dual-rotor crusher is used to crush large coal slime filter cakes into loose coal slime particles.

[0076] The crushed coal slime particles can be conveyed by a sealed screw conveyor to the remixing point of the coal conveyor belt and remixed into the coal flow on the conveyor belt. Preferably, the coal slime particles can be crushed to a particle size of no more than 5 mm to reduce the impact of large coal slime pieces on the operation of the coal conveyor belt and subsequent coal utilization.

[0077] In this embodiment, the circulating liquid supply device 7 includes a circulating water pump and a liquid supply pipeline connected to the circulating water pump. The inlet of the circulating water pump is connected to the liquid outlet of the solid-liquid separation device 4, and the outlet of the circulating water pump is connected to the power fluid inlet of the atomizing spray assembly 32 and the jet suction device 12, respectively. The circulating water pump provides high-pressure power water to the jet suction device 12.

[0078] In some embodiments, the exhaust device 5 includes a demister 51 and an explosion-proof negative pressure fan 52. The demister 51 is disposed between the exhaust port of the condensation separation device 3 and the explosion-proof negative pressure fan 52, and the gas outlet of the solid-liquid separation device 4 is connected to the air inlet side of the explosion-proof negative pressure fan 52. When the condensation separation device 3 processes dust-laden gas, the atomizing spray assembly 32 will generate droplets, and the coal slurry dispersion assembly 33 will also generate coal slurry droplets. Although most droplets and wet coal slurry agglomerates can settle in the settling zone 313 or be intercepted by the inverted conical baffle 37, a small amount of droplets may still be entrained in the gas discharged from the condensation separation device 3. The demister 51 can further intercept the droplets entrained in the gas. When droplets pass through the demister 51, they can be captured by inertial collision, interception, agglomeration, and gravity settling, thereby reducing the probability of droplets entering the explosion-proof negative pressure fan 52.

[0079] The gas outlet of the solid-liquid separation device 4 is connected to the air inlet side of the explosion-proof negative pressure fan 52, so that the gas discharged from the negative pressure filter dehydration component 41 and the gas-liquid separator 42 can be uniformly drawn in. The explosion-proof negative pressure fan 52 simultaneously serves the dust collection device 2, the condensation separation device 3 and the solid-liquid separation device 4, and can form a stable negative pressure flow path.

[0080] Coal dust exists in the coal conveying system, posing a risk of combustion and explosion. Using an explosion-proof negative pressure fan 52 improves the safety adaptability of the exhaust device 5 in dusty environments. The demister 51, located in front of the explosion-proof negative pressure fan 52, further reduces the erosion, corrosion, and liquid accumulation effects of droplets, moisture, and residual coal slurry particles on the impeller, casing, and exhaust duct of the explosion-proof negative pressure fan 52, thus helping to maintain the stability of the fan's airflow and negative pressure.

[0081] Specifically, the demister 51 is a baffle demister 51. The baffle demister 51 may include multiple baffles. When the gas passes through the baffles, its flow direction changes, and the entrained droplets collide with the surface of the baffles due to inertia and accumulate before flowing downwards. The demister 51 may also be a wire mesh demister 51, a swirl demister 51, or other structures with demisting functions.

[0082] Specifically, the explosion-proof negative pressure fan 52 is an explosion-proof centrifugal fan. The air inlet side of the explosion-proof negative pressure fan 52 can be connected to the gas outlets of the demister 51 and the solid-liquid separation device 4 through pipelines. When the explosion-proof negative pressure fan 52 is running, it draws the gas discharged from the condensation separation device 3 and the gas discharged from the solid-liquid separation device 4 into the fan and then discharges them.

[0083] A high-precision humidity sensor 53 and an online oxygen concentration monitor 54 are installed on the exhaust duct between the demister 51 and the explosion-proof negative pressure fan 52. The high-precision humidity sensor 53 is used to monitor the gas humidity to determine the working status of the demister 51 or the circulating spray status; the online oxygen concentration monitor 54 is used to monitor the oxygen content of the gas in the exhaust duct.

[0084] When the system is used in locations requiring inerting, the online oxygen concentration monitor can activate the nitrogen inerting system after detecting that the oxygen content is higher than the preset threshold, thereby reducing the oxygen concentration in the system and improving safety.

[0085] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0086] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0087] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0088] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0089] In this invention, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0090] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated negative pressure dust collection and coal slime recovery system (100), characterized in that, include: Dust collection device (2), the dust collection device (2) has a dust collection inlet end and a dust collection outlet end, the dust collection inlet end is used to collect dust-containing gas in the coal conveying corridor; A coal slurry suction device (1) has a coal slurry suction inlet, a power fluid inlet, and a slurry mixing outlet; A condensation separation device (3) is provided with an air inlet, a slurry inlet, an exhaust outlet and a slurry outlet. The dust collection outlet is connected to the air inlet, and the slurry mixing outlet is connected to the slurry inlet. The condensation separation device (3) is provided with a condensation treatment zone and an atomizing spray assembly (32). The condensation treatment zone is used to contact the dust-laden gas with the coal slurry. The atomizing spray assembly (32) is located in the condensation treatment zone. A solid-liquid separation device (4) is provided with a liquid outlet and a gas outlet. The feed end of the solid-liquid separation device (4) is connected to the discharge port. The circulating liquid supply device (7) has its inlet end connected to the liquid outlet, and its outlet end connected to the inlet end of the atomizing spray assembly (32) and the power fluid inlet. The exhaust device (5) is connected to the exhaust port of the condensation separation device (3) and the gas outlet of the solid-liquid separation device (4) to form a negative pressure flow path for the dust collection device (2), the condensation separation device (3) and the solid-liquid separation device (4).

2. The integrated negative pressure dust collection and coal slime recovery system (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dust collection device (2) includes a dust collection pipe network (21), multiple negative pressure dust collection hoods (22), and an air volume regulating component (23). The negative pressure dust collection hoods (22) are installed in the coal conveying corridor and form the dust collection air inlet. The multiple negative pressure dust collection hoods (22) are connected to the inlet of the dust collection pipe network (21). The outlet of the dust collection pipe network (21) forms the dust collection air outlet and is connected to the air inlet of the condensation and separation device (3). An air volume regulating component (23) is provided between the negative pressure dust collection hoods (22) and the dust collection pipe network (21).

3. The integrated negative pressure dust collection and coal slime recovery system (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coal slurry suction device (1) includes a coal slurry receiving component (11) and a jet suction device (12). The coal slurry receiving component (11) includes a guide channel (111) and a mud trap (112). The guide channel (111) is installed in the coal conveying corridor. The guide channel (111) is connected to the mud trap (112). The discharge port of the mud trap (112) is connected to the coal slurry suction port of the jet suction device (12). The jet suction device (12) is driven by a power fluid that enters through the power fluid inlet. The discharge end of the jet suction device (12) constitutes the slurry outlet.

4. The integrated negative pressure dust collection and coal slime recovery system (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The condensation separation device (3) includes a condensation separation tower (31). The condensation separation tower (31) is provided with a cyclone separation zone (311), an atomization condensation zone (312) and a settling zone (313) in sequence along the flow direction of the dust-laden gas. The cyclone separation zone (311) is connected to the air inlet. The atomization condensation zone (312) constitutes the condensation treatment zone. The settling zone (313) is connected to the slurry discharge port.

5. The integrated negative pressure dust collection and coal slime recovery system (100) according to claim 4, characterized in that, The coagulation separation tower (31) is equipped with a coal slurry dispersion component (33), which is connected to the mixing outlet of the coal slurry suction device (1) and is used to disperse the coal slurry to the atomization coagulation zone (312).

6. The integrated negative pressure dust collection and coal slime recovery system (100) according to claim 4, characterized in that, The swirling separation zone (311) is provided with a tangential guide (34) on the air inlet side so that the dust-laden gas entering the swirling separation zone (311) forms a swirling flow; and / or, the settling zone (313) is provided with a number of inverted conical baffles (37) arranged vertically and vertically, and the edge of each layer of the inverted conical baffles is folded downward to form a liquid collection ring groove.

7. The integrated negative pressure dust collection and coal slime recovery system (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solid-liquid separation device (4) includes a negative pressure filtration and dewatering component (41) and a gas-liquid separator (42). The feed end of the negative pressure filtration and dewatering component (41) is connected to the discharge port, and the discharge end of the negative pressure filtration and dewatering component (41) is connected to the gas-liquid separator (42). The gas-liquid separator (42) is provided with a liquid outlet and a gas outlet. The liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator (42) constitutes the liquid outlet of the solid-liquid separation device (4), and the gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator (42) constitutes the gas outlet of the solid-liquid separation device (4).

8. The integrated negative pressure dust collection and coal slime recovery system (100) according to claim 7, characterized in that, The negative pressure filtration and dewatering component (41) is a vacuum drum filter. The vacuum drum filter is provided with a filter cloth layer (411) and a solid material unloading section. The discharge side of the solid material unloading section is provided with a closed conveying component (6). The closed conveying component (6) is used to transport the dewatered coal slime to the remixing treatment position.

9. The integrated negative pressure dust collection and coal slime recovery system (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The exhaust device (5) includes a demister (51) and an explosion-proof negative pressure fan (52). The demister (51) is located between the exhaust port of the condensation separation device (3) and the explosion-proof negative pressure fan (52). The gas outlet of the solid-liquid separation device (4) is connected to the air inlet side of the explosion-proof negative pressure fan (52).

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