A welding exhaust gas purification device based on power distribution cabinet manufacturing and manufacturing method

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of welding fume treatment, and discloses a welding waste gas purification equipment based on power distribution cabinet manufacturing and a manufacturing method, wherein the welding waste gas purification equipment based on power distribution cabinet manufacturing comprises a workbench, the surface of the workbench is provided with a vertical support, the top of the vertical support is provided with a driving frame, the bottom of the driving frame is provided with a welding head, one side of the vertical support is provided with a sliding rail, the surface of the sliding rail is slidably provided with a sliding seat, and the surface of the sliding seat is placed with a sealing box. When the waste gas passes between the first rib plate and the second rib plate, the airflow drives the blade to rotate the rotating shaft, the blade rotates to drive the water-containing arc plate to rotate coaxially, the water-containing arc plate rotates to drive the neutralizing liquid to perform centrifugal motion, so that the neutralizing liquid is sprayed into the open space enclosed by the first rib plate and the second rib plate, the particulate impurities, metal oxides and welding particles in the waste gas are adsorbed and settled, and the accumulation of metal oxides in the path is avoided, so that the airflow distribution is not affected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of welding fume treatment technology, and in particular to a welding exhaust gas purification device and manufacturing method based on a power distribution cabinet. Background Technology

[0002] As the core equipment for power transmission, distribution and control, the key structural components of the distribution cabinet, such as the cabinet frame, door panel, beam, mounting plate and internal support, are generally made of cold-rolled steel plate, galvanized steel plate or stainless steel plate, which are sheared, bent and stamped and then welded. The welding process is accompanied by a high temperature electric arc, which melts and evaporates the metal base material, welding wire and flux. After oxidation and condensation, it forms ultra-fine metal aerosol and mixed harmful waste gas, which are usually treated and purified by welding waste gas purification equipment.

[0003] There are many existing technologies for processing and welding equipment, such as: Chinese Patent Publication No. CN121754991A discloses a welding device for metal product processing, including a welding platform. An electric slide is fixedly connected to the top outer wall of the welding platform, and an electric push rod is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the electric slide. A mounting column is fixedly installed at the output end of the electric push rod. A welding rod is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the mounting column, and a disassembly / assembly plate is detachably installed on the lower surface of the mounting column. A concentration sensor is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of a water tank, and a flow guide plate is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the water tank. A filter assembly is installed on the inner top wall of the water tank. The electric slide drives the electric push rod to slide back and forth while simultaneously cooperating with the mounting column and welding rod to perform welding. The welding exhaust gas is discharged into the water tank through the disassembly / assembly plate and the flow guide pipe. The flow guide plate is used to discharge fixed impurities, effectively separating various impurities and improving the quality of the purified exhaust gas.

[0004] However, existing technologies still have the following drawbacks: 1. Existing waste gas purification devices adsorb waste gas through adsorption cylinders. However, relying solely on adsorption cylinders for waste gas adsorption requires frequent replacement of the adsorption cylinders, which increases the labor intensity of operators. 2. High-temperature welding exhaust gas often contains oily and harmful substances produced by the volatilization of welding wire and flux. If the oily substances are not pretreated before conventional adsorption treatment, they will easily adhere to the surface of the adsorption material, block the pores of the adsorption material, shorten the service life of the adsorption material, and increase the operating cost of exhaust gas treatment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the existing technical problems, such as the adhesion of welding particulate impurities and oily harmful substances in the waste gas to the surface of the adsorption cylinder during the adsorption process, which affects the adsorption efficiency, a welding waste gas purification device based on the power distribution cabinet is proposed.

[0006] The purpose is to automatically pretreat welding exhaust gas by designing an S-shaped air duct to prevent oily substances from adsorbing onto the surface of the adsorption cylinder.

[0007] The technical solution of this invention is a welding exhaust gas purification device based on a power distribution cabinet, including a workbench. A frame is mounted on the surface of the workbench, a drive frame is mounted on the top of the frame, and a welding head is mounted on the bottom of the drive frame. A slide rail is mounted on one side of the frame, and a slide seat is slidably mounted on the surface of the slide rail. A sealed box is placed on the surface of the slide seat, and a neutralizing liquid is placed at the bottom of the sealed box. An exhaust port and an air inlet are respectively located on the top and side walls of the sealed box. A fan is inserted into the exhaust port through an extension pipe to draw air, creating a negative pressure inside the sealed box. An air inlet pipe is provided at the air inlet, and a telescopic pipe is connected to the end of the air inlet pipe. An air diffuser is located at the bottom of the telescopic pipe, and a limiting ring limits the movement between the telescopic pipe and the welding head. The sealed box is connected to a series of ribs, including a first rib, a second rib, a third rib, and a fourth rib, located near the air inlet. The exhaust gas entering the sealed box flows in an S-shape. The bottom of the first rib is away from the neutralizing liquid, and an extension plate is located near its top. A purification component is located between the first and second ribs. This component includes a rotating shaft positioned between the first and second ribs, with blades arranged in an array on its surface. A cooling component is located at the end of the third rib, cooling the exhaust gas and causing oily substances to adhere to its surface. An adsorption component is located near the exhaust outlet of the sealed box, adsorbing harmful substances in the exhaust gas.

[0008] Furthermore, the blades are arc-shaped with their openings facing the air inlet, and the blades located vertically on the rotating shaft are immersed in the neutralizing liquid.

[0009] Furthermore, each blade is provided with a water-collecting arc plate at its bottom, and the surface of the water-collecting arc plate is provided with through holes, through which water overflows.

[0010] Furthermore, the cooling assembly includes a heat dissipation plate disposed on the end face of the third rib plate, the heat dissipation plates are arranged in an array, and a blocking plate is provided at the bottom of the heat dissipation plate, the blocking plate sealing the heat dissipation plate and the extension plate.

[0011] Furthermore, a base plate is provided on the back of the third rib, and a pressure rod is slidably provided at the end of the base plate. The pressure rod passes through the third rib and has a cleaning head at its end. The cleaning head slides between the two heat dissipation plates. A limiting spring is provided on the surface of the pressure rod, and the two ends of the limiting spring are respectively fixed to one side of the base plate and the third rib.

[0012] Furthermore, an L-shaped sealing plate is provided above the sealed box, forming a sealed space between the L-shaped sealing plate and the sealed box. A water pump is provided in the sealed space, with an inlet pipe and a spray head connected to both ends of the water pump, respectively. The spray head is perpendicular to the heat dissipation plate.

[0013] Furthermore, the adsorption assembly includes a rotating motor located on one side of the L-shaped sealing plate, a main gear at the output end of the rotating motor, a secondary gear rod meshing with the side of the main gear, an adsorption cylinder at the end of the secondary gear rod, and a shell outside the adsorption cylinder.

[0014] Furthermore, an eccentric wheel is provided on one side of the main gear, a pressure plate is attached to the lower part of the eccentric wheel, a slide rod is provided at the bottom of the pressure plate, the slide rod slides vertically on the bottom of the L-shaped sealing plate, a push block is provided at the bottom of the slide rod, a telescopic spring is provided on the surface of the slide rod, the two ends of the telescopic spring are respectively fixed to the pressure plate and the bottom of the L-shaped sealing plate, and the push block is attached to the outer wall of the substrate.

[0015] The second objective of this invention is to provide a method for purifying welding exhaust gas based on the manufacturing of a power distribution cabinet, comprising the following steps: S1. Before welding, inject the neutralizing liquid into the bottom of the sealing box, move the slide block to move the sealing box along the slide rail to the side of the welding station, align the exhaust head with the welding area, start the fan to perform exhaust operation, and create negative pressure inside the sealing box. S2. Under negative pressure, the welding exhaust gas generated during the welding operation enters the sealed box through the air inlet via the air expander and telescopic pipe. The exhaust gas first enters the area between the first and second stiffeners. The airflow blows the rotating mechanism to rotate and throw out the neutralizing liquid. The water mist is dispersed in the airflow channel, adsorbing and settling the metal oxide dust and large particulate impurities in the exhaust gas. S3. The pre-purified exhaust gas flows along the S-shaped path to the third rib, where the cooling components cool the exhaust gas and adsorb the oily substances in the exhaust gas. S4. After cooling, oil removal, and preliminary neutralization, the exhaust gas flows to the adsorption component. The adsorption component absorbs the residual harmful substances upon contact with the exhaust gas, and drives the cooling component to achieve self-cleaning.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. When the exhaust gas passes between the first and second stiffeners, the airflow blows the blades, causing the rotating shaft to rotate. During the rotation of the blades, the water-holding arc plate rotates coaxially. When the water-holding arc plate rotates, it causes the neutralizing liquid to undergo centrifugal motion, causing the neutralizing liquid to drift into the open space enclosed by the first and second stiffeners. This adsorbs and settles particulate impurities, metal oxides, and welding particles in the exhaust gas, preventing metal oxides from adhering to and accumulating in the S-shaped path, which would affect the airflow distribution and thus effectively reduce maintenance costs.

[0017] 2. The exhaust gas is forced to travel along an S-shaped path, extending the residence time. This, combined with the array rotating shaft, enables rapid cooling of high-temperature flue gas and condensation and separation of oily substances, preventing oily substances from clogging the adsorption cylinder and thus extending the service life of the adsorption cylinder.

[0018] 3. When the rotating motor drives the main gear to rotate, the main gear simultaneously drives the eccentric wheel on the side wall to rotate. During the rotation of the eccentric wheel, it continuously squeezes the pressure plate below, causing the pressure plate to drive the slide rod to slide back and forth in the vertical direction. During the sliding of the slide rod, it drives the push block at the bottom to repeatedly squeeze and push the base plate. Thus, the oily substances adhering to the surface of the heat sink can be automatically cleaned without manual pressing, avoiding the formation of oil film and reducing the frequency of manual cleaning and maintenance costs. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a front view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Schematic diagram at point A; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the sealing box of the present invention; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Schematic diagram at point B; Figure 6 This is a partial schematic diagram of the impurity removal component of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling component structure of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cleaning head structure of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the adsorption component structure of the present invention.

[0020] In the picture: 100. Workbench; 101. Stand; 102. Drive frame; 103. Welding head; 104. Limit ring; 105. Slide rail; 106. Slide base; 200. Sealed box; 201. Fan; 202. First stiffening plate; 203. Second stiffening plate; 204. Third stiffening plate; 205. Fourth stiffening plate; 206. Extension plate; 207. Air inlet pipe; 208. Telescopic pipe; 209. Air diffuser; 210. Water pump; 211. Spray nozzle; 300. Impurity removal component; 301. Rotating shaft; 302. Blade; 303. Water-holding arc plate; 304. Through hole; 400. Cooling assembly; 401. Heat sink; 402. Blocking plate; 403. Base plate; 404. Pressure rod; 405. Cleaning head; 406. Limiting spring; 407. Pressure plate; 408. Slide rod; 409. Push block; 410. Telescopic spring; 500, Adsorption assembly; 501, Rotating motor; 502, Main gear; 503, Secondary gear rod; 504, Adsorption cylinder; 505, Housing; 506, Eccentric wheel. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] Example 1, referring to Figure 1 - Figure 9 This is the first embodiment of the present invention, providing a welding exhaust gas purification device based on a power distribution cabinet, including a workbench 100, a support frame 101 on the surface of the workbench 100, a drive frame 102 on the top of the support frame 101, a welding head 103 at the bottom of the drive frame 102, a slide rail 105 on one side of the support frame 101, a slide seat 106 slidably mounted on the surface of the slide rail 105, a sealed box 200 placed on the surface of the slide seat 106, a neutralizing liquid at the bottom of the sealed box 200, an exhaust port and an air inlet on the top and side walls of the sealed box 200 respectively, a fan 201 infiltrates through an extension pipe to the exhaust port to draw air, creating a negative pressure inside the sealed box 200, an air inlet pipe 207 at the air inlet, a telescopic pipe 208 connected to the end of the air inlet pipe 207, an air diffuser 209 at the bottom of the telescopic pipe 208, and a limiting ring 1 between the telescopic pipe 208 and the welding head 103. 04 Limiting connection, the sealed box 200 is provided with a first rib 202, a second rib 203, a third rib 204 and a fourth rib 205 in sequence near the air inlet. The exhaust gas entering the sealed box 200 flows in an S-shape. The bottom of the first rib 202 is away from the neutralizing liquid and the top is provided with an extension plate 206. A cleaning component 300 is provided between the first rib 202 and the second rib 203. The cleaning component 300 includes a rotating shaft 301 between the first rib 202 and the second rib 203. The surface of the rotating shaft 301 is provided with blades 302, which are arranged in an array. The end of the third rib 204 is provided with a cooling component 400. The cooling component 400 cools the exhaust gas and causes oily substances to adhere to its surface. An adsorption component 500 is provided near the exhaust port of the sealed box 200. The adsorption component 500 adsorbs harmful substances in the exhaust gas.

[0023] Reference Figure 1 - Figure 6As shown, during the welding process of the distribution cabinet, welding fumes are generated. These fumes contain metal oxide dust, particulate impurities, volatile harmful substances from the flux, and oily aerosols. Long-term inhalation can damage the respiratory tract and induce occupational diseases. Therefore, the blades 302 are arc-shaped with their openings facing the air inlet. The blades 302, positioned vertically on the rotating shaft 301, are immersed in the neutralizing liquid. Each blade 302 has a water-collecting arc plate 303 at its bottom, with through holes 304 on the surface of the water-collecting arc plate 303. Water overflows through these through holes 304. During welding operations, the slide block 106 is controlled to slide on the surface of the slide rail 105 to a suitable position, and the fan 201 draws air from the inside of the workbench 100. The interior is under negative pressure. The blower head 209 draws air from the welding area. The exhaust gas generated during welding enters the sealed box 200 through the telescopic pipe 208. When the exhaust gas passes between the first stiffener 202 and the second stiffener 203, the airflow blows the blades 302, which in turn drives the rotating shaft 301 to rotate. During the rotation of the blades 302, the water-holding arc plate 303 rotates coaxially. When the water-holding arc plate 303 rotates, it causes the neutralizing liquid to undergo centrifugal motion, causing the neutralizing liquid to drift into the open space enclosed by the first stiffener 202 and the second stiffener 203. This adsorbs and settles particulate impurities, metal oxides, and welding particles in the exhaust gas, preventing particulate impurities from being discharged through the fan 201 and protecting the health of the workers.

[0024] Reference Figure 7 - Figure 8 As shown, considering the high temperature of the exhaust gas during welding, the high temperature affects the performance of the adsorption component 500 when it passes through it. Therefore, the cooling component 400 includes a heat dissipation plate 401 located on the end face of the third stiffener 204. The heat dissipation plates 401 are arranged in an array, and a blocking plate 402 is provided at the bottom of the heat dissipation plate 401. The blocking plate 402 seals the heat dissipation plate 401 and the extension plate 206. When the welding exhaust gas flows through one side of the third stiffener 204, the flue gas flows through the heat dissipation plate 401. Since the heat dissipation plate 401 has a large surface area, the flue gas can be cooled quickly when it passes through its surface, reducing the exhaust gas temperature. At the same time, the high temperature keeps the oily substances in a gaseous state and makes them less likely to condense. After the exhaust gas temperature is reduced, the oily substances in it will cool and adhere to the surface of the heat dissipation plate 401, completing the early collection of oily substances and preventing them from entering the subsequent adsorption component 500 and clogging the adsorption pores, thus ensuring the adsorption effect of the subsequent adsorption component 500 on harmful substances.

[0025] Considering that oil and dust in welding fumes easily condense and form scale on the surface of heat sink 401, creating a heat insulation layer that leads to a continuous decrease in heat dissipation efficiency and an inability to effectively reduce the temperature of the fumes, and that the adsorption cylinder 504 relies on physical adsorption of harmful gases and odors, the higher the temperature, the more intense the molecular motion, and the easier it is for pollutants to desorb and escape, resulting in a significant decrease in purification effect, a base plate 403 is provided on the back of the third rib 204, and a pressure rod 404 is slidably provided at the end of the base plate 403. The pressure rod 404 passes through the third rib 204 and has a cleaning head 405 at its end. The cleaning head 405 slides between the two heat sinks 401, and a limiting spring 406 is provided on the surface of the pressure rod 404. The pressure rod 404 is fixed to one side of the substrate 403 and the third rib 204, respectively. When there is a lot of oil film adhering to the surface of the heat sink 401, the pressure rod 404 slides on the end of the third rib 204 by pressing the substrate 403. During the sliding process, the pressure rod 404 drives the cleaning head 405 to move against the inner wall of the heat sink 401. During the movement of the cleaning head 405, the oil film formed on the inner wall of the heat sink 401 is rubbed and cleaned. When the pressure on the substrate 403 is stopped, the pressure rod 404 is reset by the force of the limiting spring 406, which facilitates the reciprocating rubbing and cleaning of the oil film adhering to the surface of the heat sink 401, thereby ensuring the cooling effect of the heat sink 401 and improving the adsorption efficiency of the adsorption cylinder 504.

[0026] Reference Figure 1 - Figure 4 As shown, welding operations generate toxic and harmful gaseous pollutants such as nitrogen oxides, ozone, and acidic fumes. These gases are corrosive and irritating. To quickly neutralize the pollutants in the fumes, an L-shaped sealing plate is installed above the sealed box 200. The L-shaped sealing plate and the sealed box 200 form a sealed space. A water pump 210 is installed within the sealed space. The two ends of the water pump 210 are connected to a water inlet pipe and a spray head 211, respectively. The spray head 211 is perpendicular to the heat dissipation plate 401. During the exhaust gas extraction process, the exhaust gas is cooled by passing through the heat dissipation plate 401. Since the exhaust gas flows through the heat dissipation plate 401 in a single channel, The water pump 210 draws in the neutralizing liquid and discharges it through the spray nozzle 211, allowing the exhaust gas passing through the heat sink 401 to be further wetted by the sprayed neutralizing liquid. The neutralizing liquid can neutralize nitrogen oxides, ozone, and acidic gaseous pollutants in the exhaust gas, removing some toxic and harmful corrosive gases in advance, reducing the processing burden of the subsequent adsorption component 500, and improving the overall purification effect. At the same time, when the water mist generated by the neutralizing liquid during the spraying process adheres to the surface of the heat sink 401, the exhaust gas further adsorbs harmful substances as it passes between the heat sinks 401, improving the adsorption efficiency of the exhaust gas.

[0027] Example 2, refer to Figure 1 - Figure 9In the second embodiment of the present invention, after the flue gas undergoes preliminary treatment by the first rib 202, the second rib 203, and the third rib 204, a small amount of harmful substances will remain in the exhaust gas. In order to make it meet the emission standards, the adsorption assembly 500 includes a rotating motor 501 located on one side of the L-shaped sealing plate. The output end of the rotating motor 501 is provided with a main gear 502, and a secondary gear rod 503 is meshed on the side of the main gear 502. An adsorption cylinder 504 is provided at the end of the secondary gear rod 503, and a housing 505 is provided outside the adsorption cylinder 504. By controlling the rotating motor 501 to drive the main gear 502 to rotate, the main gear 502 drives the meshed secondary gear rod 503 to rotate, so that the adsorption cylinder 504 drives the outer housing 505 to rotate inside the equipment. During the rotation, the housing 505 can fully contact the flowing exhaust gas and comprehensively adsorb the residual harmful substances in the exhaust gas, preventing the residual harmful substances from being discharged with the exhaust gas and ensuring that the discharged exhaust gas meets the emission standards.

[0028] During the exhaust gas extraction process, oily substances accumulate on the surface of the heat sink 401, causing an oil film that is difficult to clean. Therefore, an eccentric wheel 506 is provided on one side of the main gear 502, and a pressure plate 407 is attached to the bottom of the eccentric wheel 506. A slide rod 408 is provided at the bottom of the pressure plate 407, and the slide rod 408 slides vertically on the bottom of the L-shaped sealing plate. A push block 409 is provided at the bottom of the slide rod 408, and a telescopic spring 410 is provided on the surface of the slide rod 408. The two ends of the telescopic spring 410 are fixed to the pressure plate 407 and the bottom of the L-shaped sealing plate, respectively. The push block 409 is attached to the outer wall of the base plate 403. When the rotating motor 501 drives the main gear 502 to rotate, the main gear 502 simultaneously drives the eccentric wheel 506 on the side wall to rotate. During the rotation of the eccentric wheel 506, it continuously presses the pressure plate 407 below, causing the pressure plate 407 to drive the slide rod 408 to slide back and forth in the vertical direction. During the sliding of the slide rod 408, it drives the push block 409 at the bottom to repeatedly press and push the base plate 403. Thus, the oily substances adhering to the surface of the heat sink 401 can be automatically cleaned without manual pressing, avoiding the formation of oil film, reducing the frequency of manual cleaning and maintenance costs, and ensuring the continuous and stable cooling and oil removal effect of the equipment.

[0029] Example 3, the third embodiment of the present invention, provides a method for purifying welding exhaust gas based on the manufacturing of a power distribution cabinet, comprising the following steps: S1. Before welding, inject the neutralizing liquid into the bottom of the sealing box 200, move the slide block 106 to drive the sealing box 200 to slide along the slide rail 105 to the side of the welding station, so that the suction end diffuser 209 is aligned with the welding operation area, and start the fan 201 to perform the suction operation, so that negative pressure is formed inside the sealing box 200. S2. Under negative pressure, the welding exhaust gas generated during the welding operation enters the sealed box 200 through the air inlet via the air diffuser 209 and the telescopic pipe 208. The exhaust gas first enters the area between the first stiffener 202 and the second stiffener 203. The airflow blows the rotating mechanism to rotate the impurity removal component 300 and throw out the neutralizing liquid. The water mist is dispersed in the airflow channel, adsorbing and settling the metal oxide dust and large particulate impurities in the exhaust gas. S3. The pre-purified exhaust gas flows along the S-shaped path to the third stiffener 204, where the cooling component 400 cools the exhaust gas and adsorbs the oily substances in the exhaust gas. S4. After cooling, oil removal, and preliminary neutralization, the exhaust gas flows to the adsorption component 500. The adsorption component 500 absorbs the residual harmful substances in contact with the exhaust gas and drives the cooling component 400 to achieve self-cleaning.

[0030] Based on embodiments 1-3, the working principle of this invention is as follows: The operation of the top centrifugal fan 201 creates a negative pressure inside the purification chamber, drawing the high-temperature exhaust gas generated by the welding operation of the distribution cabinet into the chamber through the diffuser 209 and the inlet pipe 207. After entering the chamber, the exhaust gas flows step by step along the S-shaped channel formed by the internal guide ribs, increasing the contact time between the exhaust gas and the neutralizing liquid, cooling the exhaust gas and removing oil. The exhaust gas flow directly blows the blades 302 to rotate and drives the water-holding arc plate 303 to rotate. The bottom of the blades 302 is immersed in the bottom neutralizing liquid. When the water-holding arc plate 303 rotates, it disperses the neutralizing liquid to form a water flow impact. The water flow adsorbs and gravity settles the metal oxide dust and solder impurities in the exhaust gas, achieving dust removal during operation, avoiding clogging of the shell 505 and improving its service life.

[0031] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A welding exhaust gas purification device based on a power distribution cabinet, comprising a workbench (100), a support frame (101) on the surface of the workbench (100), a drive frame (102) on the top of the support frame (101), a welding head (103) at the bottom of the drive frame (102), a slide rail (105) on one side of the support frame (101), a slide block (106) slidably mounted on the surface of the slide rail (105), a sealed box (200) placed on the surface of the slide block (106), and a neutralizing liquid at the bottom of the sealed box (200), characterized in that, The sealed box (200) has an exhaust port and an air inlet on its top and side walls, respectively. A fan (201) is inserted into the exhaust port through an extension pipe to draw air, creating a negative pressure inside the sealed box (200). An air inlet pipe (207) is provided at the air inlet, and a telescopic pipe (208) is connected to the end of the air inlet pipe (207). An air diffuser (209) is provided at the bottom of the telescopic pipe (208). The telescopic pipe (208) and the welding head (103) are connected by a limiting ring (104). The sealed box (200) has a first stiffener (202), a second stiffener (203), a third stiffener (204), and a fourth stiffener (205) arranged in sequence near the air inlet. The exhaust gas entering the sealed box (200) flows in an S-shape. The first stiffener... (202) An extension plate (206) is provided at the bottom away from the neutralizing liquid and near its top. A cleaning component (300) is provided between the first rib (202) and the second rib (203). The cleaning component (300) includes a rotating shaft (301) between the first rib (202) and the second rib (203). The rotating shaft (301) has blades (302) on its surface. The blades (302) are arranged in an array. A cooling component (400) is provided at the end of the third rib (204). The cooling component (400) cools the exhaust gas and causes oily substances to adhere to its surface. An adsorption component (500) is provided near the exhaust port of the sealed box (200). The adsorption component (500) adsorbs harmful substances in the exhaust gas.

2. The welding exhaust gas purification equipment based on the power distribution cabinet as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The blade (302) is an arc shape with its opening facing the air inlet, and the blade (302) provided at the vertical position of the rotating shaft (301) is immersed in the neutralizing liquid.

3. The welding exhaust gas purification equipment based on the power distribution cabinet as described in claim 2, characterized in that: Each blade (302) has a water-holding arc plate (303) at its bottom, and a through hole (304) is provided on the surface of the water-holding arc plate (303), through which water overflows.

4. The welding exhaust gas purification equipment based on the power distribution cabinet as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling assembly (400) includes a heat dissipation plate (401) disposed on the end face of the third stiffener (204). The heat dissipation plates (401) are arranged in an array. A blocking plate (402) is provided at the bottom of the heat dissipation plate (401). The blocking plate (402) seals the heat dissipation plate (401) and the extension plate (206).

5. The welding exhaust gas purification equipment based on the power distribution cabinet as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The third rib (204) has a base plate (403) on its back. A pressure rod (404) is slidably provided at the end of the base plate (403). The pressure rod (404) passes through the third rib (204) and has a cleaning head (405) at its end. The cleaning head (405) slides between two heat dissipation plates (401). A limiting spring (406) is provided on the surface of the pressure rod (404). The two ends of the limiting spring (406) are fixed to one side of the base plate (403) and the third rib (204), respectively.

6. The welding exhaust gas purification equipment based on the power distribution cabinet as described in claim 5, characterized in that: An L-shaped sealing plate is provided above the sealing box (200), and a sealed space is formed between the L-shaped sealing plate and the sealing box (200). A water pump (210) is provided in the sealed space. The two ends of the water pump (210) are respectively connected to a water inlet pipe and a spray head (211). The spray head (211) is perpendicular to the heat sink (401).

7. The welding exhaust gas purification equipment based on the power distribution cabinet as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The adsorption assembly (500) includes a rotating motor (501) located on one side of the L-shaped sealing plate. The output end of the rotating motor (501) is provided with a main gear (502). A secondary gear rod (503) is meshed on the side of the main gear (502). An adsorption cylinder (504) is provided at the end of the secondary gear rod (503). A shell (505) is provided outside the adsorption cylinder (504).

8. The welding exhaust gas purification equipment based on the power distribution cabinet as described in claim 7, characterized in that: An eccentric wheel (506) is provided on one side of the main gear (502). A pressure plate (407) is attached to the bottom of the eccentric wheel (506). A slide rod (408) is provided at the bottom of the pressure plate (407). The slide rod (408) slides vertically at the bottom of the L-shaped sealing plate. A push block (409) is provided at the bottom of the slide rod (408). A telescopic spring (410) is provided on the surface of the slide rod (408). The two ends of the telescopic spring (410) are fixed to the pressure plate (407) and the bottom of the L-shaped sealing plate, respectively. The push block (409) is attached to the outer wall of the base plate (403).

9. A method for purifying welding exhaust gas based on a distribution cabinet, applied to the welding exhaust gas purification equipment based on a distribution cabinet as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Before welding, inject the neutralizing liquid into the bottom of the sealing box (200), move the slide block (106) to drive the sealing box (200) to slide along the slide rail (105) to the side of the welding station, so that the suction end diffuser (209) is aligned with the welding operation area, and start the fan (201) to perform the suction operation, so that the sealing box (200) forms a negative pressure inside; S2. During the welding operation, the welding exhaust gas generated is introduced into the sealed box (200) through the air inlet via the air diffuser (209) and telescopic pipe (208) under negative pressure. The exhaust gas first enters the area between the first stiffener (202) and the second stiffener (203). The airflow blows the rotating mechanism to remove impurities (300) and throw out the neutralizing liquid. The water mist is dispersed in the airflow channel to adsorb and settle the metal oxide dust and large particulate impurities in the exhaust gas. S3. The pre-purified exhaust gas flows along the S-shaped path to the third rib (204), where the exhaust gas is cooled by the cooling component (400) and the oily substances in the exhaust gas are adsorbed. S4. After cooling, oil removal, and preliminary neutralization, the exhaust gas flows to the adsorption component (500). The adsorption component (500) absorbs the residual harmful substances in contact with the exhaust gas and drives the cooling component (400) to achieve self-cleaning.

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